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专题21.Unit3词汇与语法--2024年暑假英语初升高衔接之专题突破（牛津译林版）
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这是一份专题21.Unit3词汇与语法--2024年暑假英语初升高衔接之专题突破（牛津译林版），文件包含专题21Unit3词汇与语法教师版--英语初升高衔接大串讲牛津译林版docx、专题21Unit3词汇与语法学生版--英语初升高衔接大串讲牛津译林版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共27页， 欢迎下载使用。
一．重点单词
1．awkward adj.
2．sight n．
3．medium n．
4．frank adj.
5．hrrible adj.
6．case n．
7．trick vt.
8．ignre vt.
9．misunderstand vt.& vi.
10．cntact vt.& n．
11．explde vi.
12．generus adj.
13．shallw adj.
14．blg n．
15．theme n．
16．pinin n．
17．quality n．
18．measure vt.
19．seek vi.
20．escape vi.& vt.
21．jy n．
二．词汇拓展
1．riginal adj.起初的；独创的；原作的→ n．起源 → adv.最初
2．recver vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制→ n．恢复
3．respnd vi.& vt.回答，回应；作出反应，响应→ n．回答；响应
4．judge vt.& vi.评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为 n．法官；裁判员→ n．判断
5．aplgize vi.道歉，谢罪→ n．道歉
6．behaviur n．行为，举止，态度→ vi.举止
7．suffer vi.受苦，受折磨；变差 vt.遭受，蒙受→ n．痛苦，苦难
8．basis n．基础；原因；基准→ vt.根据；以……为基础→ adj.基本的
9．respect vt.尊重，尊敬 n．尊敬，敬意；重视→ adj.表示敬意的→ adj.体面的；值得尊敬的
10．efficient adj.效率高的，有功效的→ n．效率；效能
11．reflectin n．沉思；反射；映像；反映→ vi.反思；反射
12．cmfrt vt.宽慰，抚慰 n．舒服；安慰→ adj.舒服的
13．benefit n．优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于→ adj.有益的
14．failure n．失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障→ vi.失败
15．recgnize vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出→ n．认出；认可；承认
16．death n．死，死亡；死亡状态→ adj.死的→ vi.死亡
17．admire vt.钦佩；欣赏→ adj.令人敬佩的→ n．钦佩；欣赏
三．知识拓展
知识点01 Whether we’re walking t schl，ding hmewrk r just hanging ut at the weekend，we’re hardly ut f each ther’s sight.
sight n．视野；视力；看见
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①After we walked fr a lng time，a village was sight finally.
②The children jumped with jy the sight f their Christmas gifts.
③The mment we reached the small island，amazing natural scenery .Half an hur later，
we the land.
我们刚一登上小岛，令人惊叹的自然风光便映入眼帘。 半个小时后，我们看不见陆地了。
知识点2 Dn’t be s quick t judge yur friend.
judge vt.& vi.评价；(尤指)批评；判断，认为 n．法官；裁判员
[单句语法填空/单句写作]
①Yur speech was heard by a grup f five (judge)．
② (judge) frm what he did，he must be an hnest man.
③ .
我们不应该以貌取人。
知识点3 Perhaps she knws she’s in the wrng and wants t aplgize，r maybe she has a simple explanatin fr her behaviur.
aplgize vi. 道歉，谢罪
[单句语法填空/一句多译]
①The by wrte a letter t his neighbur and aplgized fr playing the pian ludly at night.
②她应该为她的不得体行为向她的朋友道歉。
→She shuld fr her bad behaviur.(aplgize)
→She shuld fr her bad behaviur.(aplgy)
知识点4 In any case，find an pprtunity t have a full and frank talk with her.
in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
[用与case有关的短语填空/句式升级]
①The dctr gave his phne number t the patients they needed his help.
②There is n simple answer， in science.
③Yu shuld in n case miss the pprtunity t g t university fr further study.
→ miss the pprtunity t g t university fr further study.(用部分倒装升级)
知识点5 Hwever，if yur friend ignres yur feelings r makes yu suffer，it’s time t rethink yur relatinship.
suffer vi.受苦，受折磨；变差 vt.遭受，蒙受
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①Sadly，my grandpa suffered heart attack.
②All the neighburs’ help brught an end t the (suffer) f the family.
③If a neighbr (suffer) an illness，we shuld ffer t d the grcery shpping.
④The fact is that .
事实是，我们的地球正在遭受严重的破坏。
知识点6.Whether we’re walking t schl，ding hmewrk r just hanging ut at the weekend，we’re hardly ut f each ther’s sight.
意为“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①Whether yu like it nt，yu’ll have t pay fr it.
②Yu shuld praise his effrt regardless f he succeeds r fails.
③ ，yu shuld keep the campus clean.
无论你是学生还是老师，都应该保持校园清洁。
知识点7.When I called her，she said she might nt be able t make it t the cinema.
make it 能够出席(或到场)；准时到达；获得成功；渡过难关
[一词多义/完成句子]
①The flight leaves in twenty minutes—we’ll never make it.
②He didn’t make it t anther summer and died that winter.
③I thught Grandpa was t ld t climb nt the tp f the hill，but he made it.
④Yu will if yu dn’t lse heart and keep n trying.
如果你不灰心，继续努力，你会成功的。
知识点8 Instead f recvering at hme，she was ut having fun with smene else.
recver vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制
①Even thugh he was hurt seriusly in the car accident，he finally it.
尽管他在车祸中受了重伤，但最后他康复了。
②After recvering his illness，he was advised t eat mre vegetables and less meat.
病愈后，他被建议多吃蔬菜，少吃肉。
③I gt a bad cld but I recvered (I) a week later.
我得了重感冒，但一周后我就康复了。
④T his mther’s relief，the by made a full (recver) after the peratin.
令他母亲欣慰的是，男孩在手术后完全康复。
知识点9. Perhaps she knws she’s in the wrng and wants t aplgize，r maybe she has a simple explanatin fr her behaviur.
behaviur n．行为，举止；态度
①The waiter aplgized fr his bad twards the custmers.
这个服务员为他对顾客的不得体行为而道歉。
②I want yu tw t behave (yu) while I’m away.
我要你们两个在我不在的时候好好表现。
③She is very satisfied with her sn’s gd (behave)．
她对儿子的良好表现非常满意。
知识点10 A real friend is smene whse supprt we can cunt n.
cunt n 依赖，依靠，指望
[一词多义/完成句子]
①The wman is cunting the cins n the table.
②I cunt him as ne f my best friends.
③Hurry up！Every minute nw cunts.
④Yu may the wrk will be finished ahead f time.
你可以指望这项工作将提前完成。
知识点11.I’ll always value these qualities f a gd friend and try t measure myself by these standards as ur friendship develps.
measure vt.估量，判定；测量 n．措施；衡量
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①Measures shuld be taken (frbid) killing and eating wild animals.
②My mther made me a pair f trusers my wn measure.
③The pnd (measure) abut 2 metres acrss.
④The gvernment the shrtage f fd.
政府已采取了一些措施来解决粮食短缺问题。
知识点12. Hwever，when we seek t be alne，we must be careful that we d nt always escape int ur wn wrld.
escape vi.& vt.逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘 n．逃离，逃脱
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①That was narrw escape all right when ur car turned ver!
②Frtunately，he escaped the burning huse withut being injured.
③Yesterday，I came acrss my frmer classmate，but .
昨天，我遇到了我以前的同学，但是我想不起来他的名字了。
知识点13.As we live in scial grups，there are many benefits f friendship that we can enjy.
benefit n．优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于
[单句语法填空/句型转换]
①It is said that the cmpany has benefited a lt the new plicy.
②Learning a freign language is great benefit t us students.
③It is knwn t us that cycling is very beneficial t human health.
→It is knwn t us that cycling human health.
④The new teacher’s teaching methds will benefit many students.
→Many students will the new teacher’s teaching methds.
知识点14 We ften find it easier t recgnize ther peple’s weaknesses than ur wn.
recgnize vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出
[单句语法填空/完成句子/单句写作]
①After 25 years，the twn centre had changed beynd (recgnize)．
②The mment I answered the phne， .
我一接电话，就听出了他的声音。
③
这部电影被认为是一部很成功的电影。
知识点15 Here，friendship has a duble advantage—happiness takes n a greater meaning and a truble shared becmes a truble halved！
take n 呈现，具有(特征、外观等)；雇用
[用take短语完成句子]
①I knw hw busy yu must be and I wn’t much f yur time.
②After the heavy rain，the ld village a new lk.
③He has t the cmpany when his father retires.
知识点16 We ften find it easier t recgnize ther peple’s weaknesses than ur wn.
it 作形式宾语
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①The heavy rain makes it impssible fr me (reach) my ffice n time.
②He thinks it f great imprtance he shuld make effrts t imprve his English.
③The by his hbbies and his schlwrk.
这个男孩发现很难平衡他的爱好和他的功课。
④I freigners in English.
我发现用英语和外国人交谈很有趣。
知识点17 I must respect and supprt the chices he makes.
respect vt.尊重，尊敬 n．尊敬，敬意；重视
①The persn I mst is my mther.
我最尊敬的人是我的母亲。
②Please send my (respect) t yur parents.
请向你的父母致以我的敬意。
③There are many (respect) peple arund us.
我们周围有许多值得尊敬的人。
知识点18 Hwever，when we seek t be alne，we must be careful that we d nt always escape int ur wn wrld.
seek(sught，sught) vi.试图；寻找；争取 vt.寻求；寻找
①All f us are happiness while few f us knw what is happiness.
我们都在寻求幸福，而我们中很少有人知道什么是幸福。
②I sught (persuade) my father t stp smking，but failed.
我试图说服我父亲戒烟，但失败了。
知识点19 The first fruit f friendship is the peace that cmes frm sharing with friends ur jy，sadness，success and failure.
failure n．失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障
①As is knwn t all， is the mther f success.
众所周知，失败是成功之母。
②The man has achieved great success in his career，but as a father，he is failure.
这个人在事业上取得了很大的成功，但作为一个父亲，他是一个失败者。
③Unfrtunately，he failed (pass) the entrance examinatin.
不幸的是，他未能通过入学考试。
④I failed my attempt t persuade her.
我未能说服她。
知识点20 They admired each ther and quickly became friends.
admire vt.钦佩；欣赏
①The teacher is respected and fr his new teaching methds and achievements.
这位老师因其新的教学方法和取得的成就而受到尊重和钦佩。
②Her devtin t her wrk is (admire)．
她对工作的献身精神令人钦佩。
③I’d like t express my (admire) fr the bravery f the firefighters.
我想表达我对英勇的消防员们的钦佩。
随堂练习
一.单词拼写
1．The we reached the farm，red apples and yellw pears came int ur view.
2．This unique teaching methd will (有益于) a large number f students.
3．The plicemen were struggling t search fr the thief wh had frm the prisn.
4．Yu may be a success in yur jb，but as a father yu are a .
5．Thugh I hadn’t seen Mary fr years，I her immediately I met her.
6．The ld man was s that he dnated all his savings t the charity.
7．I sent my applicatin frm t the (公司)，but I didn’t get any respnse.
8．I my English teacher mst fr his patience and kindness t us.
二.单句语法填空
1．Hurry up and we can make t the airprt in time.
2．Luckily，my father sn recvered the peratin.
3．We desire fr a huse which is (cmfrt) and warm.
4．There was nbdy sight when the man came rund the crner.
5．Cheer up，smetimes failure is (benefit) t ur grwth.
6．Mst f us admire the great scientist what he has dne fr ur cuntry.
7．The gvernment has taken (measure) t bring dwn the high prices f daily gds.
8．Great changes have taken place s much in my hmetwn that it is beynd my (recgnize)．
语法
一、定语从句的定义
在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫定语从句。被从句所修饰的词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词有that，which，wh，whm，whse，as等；关系副词有when，where，why。
二、关系代词的基本用法
1．wh的用法
示例：①The persn wh tricked me was ne f my classmates.骗我的那个人是我的一个同学。
②He is the man wh I respect very much.他就是我非常尊重的那个人。
归纳：wh 指人，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语。
2．whm的用法
示例：①Jack is the persn (wh/whm) yu shuld care abut.杰克是你应该关心的人。
②The ld man (whm) the girl had tricked was my grandfather.
女孩欺骗的那位老人是我的爷爷。
归纳：whm 指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。
3．which的用法
示例：①The plane is a machine which can fly.飞机是一台能飞的机器。
②The gld medal (which) she wn has been given t her ld schl.她赢得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。
归纳：which 指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省略。
4．that的用法
示例：①The reprt (that) Mr Turner handed in was abut the mtr race.特纳先生递交的报告是关于摩托车比赛的。
②The number f peple that/wh cme t visit the city reaches ne millin every year.每年来参观这个城市的人数达到一百万。
归纳：that既指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可以省略。
5．whse的用法
示例：①He lives in the rm whse windw faces suth.他住在窗户朝南的那个房间。
②This is the scientist whse name is knwn all ver the cuntry.这就是那位全国闻名的科学家。
归纳：whse 既可指人也可指物，在从句中修饰名词，作定语。
三、疑难点津
1．宜用that不宜用which的情况
①当先行词是all，little，much，smething，anything，everything，nthing，sme等不定代词时。
All that can be dne has been dne.一切能做的都已经做了。
②当先行词被all，every，sme，any，little，much，the nly，the very，the right，the last，just等修饰时。
Music is the nly thing that interests me.音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。
③当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the mst interesting stry that I have ever read.这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。
④当先行词中既有人又有物时。
She described in her cmpsitin the peple and places that impressed her mst.
她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。
2．关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。
Thse wh are ver 45 wn’t be permitted int the hall.超过45岁的人不允许进入这个大厅。
[温馨提示]
“ne f＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用复数形式；“the nly ne f＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用单数形式。
This is ne f the bks which were written by Charles Dickens.这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书中的其中一本。
He is the nly ne f the bys in ur class wh has learned French.他是我们班里唯一一个学过法语的男孩。
3．为避免关系词的重复，被关系代词代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现。
This is the factry which we visited last Sunday.(visited后不可加it)这就是我们上星期天参观过的那家工厂。
一.用适当的关系代词填空
1．She has a brther name I can’t remember.
2．The bk I brrwed frm the library is very interesting.
3．The persns were injured in the car accident are being treated in the hspital nw.
4．This is the best film we have ever made abut friendship.
5．The exact year Angela and her family spent tgether in China was 2008.
二.用定语从句合并句子
1．The city is near the sea.The city is very beautiful.
→The city
2．I live next dr t a cuple.Their children ften make a lt f nise.
→I live next dr t a cuple .
3．The wman is my mther.Yu are lking after her.
→ is my mther.
三.用适当的关系代词填空
1．Any man has a sense f duty will be cncerned abut this item.
2．We ften talk abut the persns and things we remember.
3．She is the nly ne f the children is gd at music here.
4．The first place she visited in China was the Histry Museum.
5．Thse want t g t the party must be at the schl gate by 5 pm.
6．The film yu are lking frward t seeing will be n next week.
四.单句写作——用定语从句完成下列句子
1．这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。(that)
.
2．你想买那本内容非常鼓舞人心的书吗？(whse)
?
3．打破窗户的那个男孩叫汤姆。(wh)
.
4．她是公司里唯一一个受教育不多的员工。(that)
.
ut f ne’s sight脱离某人的视线
in sight看得见
lse sight f看不见
catch sight f看见
cme int sight进入视野
at first sight乍一看
at the sight f...一看见……
(1)根据……判断……
as far as I can judge据我判断
judging by/frm...从……来判断
(2)judg(e)ment n．判断力；意见，看法
in ne’s judg(e)ment在某人看来
(1)aplgize t sb.fr (ding) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉
(2)aplgy n．道歉
make an aplgy t sb.fr sth.因为某事向某人道歉
we sb.an aplgy＝we an aplgy t sb.应向某人道歉
in that/this case在那种/这种情况下
in case f 万一，以防
in n case决不位于句首时，句子用部分倒装
as is ften the case这是常有的事
(1)suffer frm遭受；忍受；患……病
suffer后常跟pain/stress/lsses/hardship/defeat等名词作宾语。
(2)suffering n．痛苦；苦难(常用pl.)
(3)sufferer n．患病者；受难者
whether还可以引导名词性从句，译为“是否”。
whether常和r或r nt连用， nt意为“是否……”
(1)recver frm从……中恢复过来
recver neself恢复健康；清醒过来
(2)recvery n．恢复；复苏；痊愈
behave v.举动；举止或行为表现
behave well/badly t/twards sb.对待某人好/差
behave neself表现得体，有礼貌；行为规矩
(1)cunt v．数数；重要；看作；认为 n．数量；计数
(2)cunt n/upn(＝rely/depend n/upn)依靠，依赖
cunt n sb.t d sth.指望某人做某事
cunt n it that...指望……(其中it 为形式宾语，that 从句为真正的宾语)
(1)用……衡量……
be measured by/in...用……来计算/衡量
(2)take measures t d sth.采取措施做某事
ne’s measure根据某人的尺寸做……
注意：measure表示“测量长、高或宽时”是连系动词，无被动语态。
(1)escape frm从……逃脱/逃跑
escape＋n./ding sth.逃避(做)某事
sth.escape(s) sb.某物被某人遗忘
(2)a narrw escape九死一生
(1)be f benefit t...对……有益的
fr the benefit f...为了……的利益
(2)benefit frm...从……中受益
benefit sb.使某人获益
(3)beneficial adj.有益的
be beneficial t...对……有益
(1)recgnize ne’s vice辨别出某人的声音
recgnize sb./sth.as/t be...认为某人/某物是……
It is recgnized that...人们公认……
(2)recgnitin n．承认；认出
beynd recgnitin认不出来
take away拿走；使离开；消除病痛等
take ver接收，接管，取代
take in吸收；理解；欺骗
take up从事；占据；继续
(1)句中it作find 的形式宾语，不定式短语 t recgnize ther peple’s weaknesses作真正的宾语，形容词easier作宾补。
(2)句型基本结构是：主语＋谓语＋it 作形式宾语＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语。
(3)常用于以上结构的动词有make，feel，think，find，cnsider等。
(4)宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词，真正的宾语可以是不定式短语、动名词或从句。
(1)respect sb.fr sth.因某事而尊敬某人
(2)have/shw respect fr sb.尊敬某人
give/send ne’s respects t sb.向某人表达敬意；问候某人
(3)respectable adj.可敬的，体面的
seek t d sth.试图做某事；努力做某事
seek fr/after找寻；寻求
(1)a failure一个失败的人；一件失败的事
(2)fail t d sth.没能做某事，未能成功
fail (in sth.)失败，没有通过
(1) (ding) sth.因(做)某事而钦佩、羡慕……
(2)admirable adj.可钦佩的；值得赞赏的
(3)admiratin n．钦佩；赞赏；羡慕
in/with admiratin钦佩地
一．重点单词
1．awkward adj.
2．sight n．
3．medium n．
4．frank adj.
5．hrrible adj.
6．case n．
7．trick vt.
8．ignre vt.
9．misunderstand vt.& vi.
10．cntact vt.& n．
11．explde vi.
12．generus adj.
13．shallw adj.
14．blg n．
15．theme n．
16．pinin n．
17．quality n．
18．measure vt.
19．seek vi.
20．escape vi.& vt.
21．jy n．
二．词汇拓展
1．riginal adj.起初的；独创的；原作的→ n．起源 → adv.最初
2．recver vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制→ n．恢复
3．respnd vi.& vt.回答，回应；作出反应，响应→ n．回答；响应
4．judge vt.& vi.评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为 n．法官；裁判员→ n．判断
5．aplgize vi.道歉，谢罪→ n．道歉
6．behaviur n．行为，举止，态度→ vi.举止
7．suffer vi.受苦，受折磨；变差 vt.遭受，蒙受→ n．痛苦，苦难
8．basis n．基础；原因；基准→ vt.根据；以……为基础→ adj.基本的
9．respect vt.尊重，尊敬 n．尊敬，敬意；重视→ adj.表示敬意的→ adj.体面的；值得尊敬的
10．efficient adj.效率高的，有功效的→ n．效率；效能
11．reflectin n．沉思；反射；映像；反映→ vi.反思；反射
12．cmfrt vt.宽慰，抚慰 n．舒服；安慰→ adj.舒服的
13．benefit n．优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于→ adj.有益的
14．failure n．失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障→ vi.失败
15．recgnize vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出→ n．认出；认可；承认
16．death n．死，死亡；死亡状态→ adj.死的→ vi.死亡
17．admire vt.钦佩；欣赏→ adj.令人敬佩的→ n．钦佩；欣赏
三．知识拓展
知识点01 Whether we’re walking t schl，ding hmewrk r just hanging ut at the weekend，we’re hardly ut f each ther’s sight.
sight n．视野；视力；看见
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①After we walked fr a lng time，a village was sight finally.
②The children jumped with jy the sight f their Christmas gifts.
③The mment we reached the small island，amazing natural scenery .Half an hur later，
we the land.
我们刚一登上小岛，令人惊叹的自然风光便映入眼帘。 半个小时后，我们看不见陆地了。
知识点2 Dn’t be s quick t judge yur friend.
judge vt.& vi.评价；(尤指)批评；判断，认为 n．法官；裁判员
[单句语法填空/单句写作]
①Yur speech was heard by a grup f five (judge)．
② (judge) frm what he did，he must be an hnest man.
③ .
我们不应该以貌取人。
知识点3 Perhaps she knws she’s in the wrng and wants t aplgize，r maybe she has a simple explanatin fr her behaviur.
aplgize vi. 道歉，谢罪
[单句语法填空/一句多译]
①The by wrte a letter t his neighbur and aplgized fr playing the pian ludly at night.
②她应该为她的不得体行为向她的朋友道歉。
→She shuld fr her bad behaviur.(aplgize)
→She shuld fr her bad behaviur.(aplgy)
知识点4 In any case，find an pprtunity t have a full and frank talk with her.
in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
[用与case有关的短语填空/句式升级]
①The dctr gave his phne number t the patients they needed his help.
②There is n simple answer， in science.
③Yu shuld in n case miss the pprtunity t g t university fr further study.
→ miss the pprtunity t g t university fr further study.(用部分倒装升级)
知识点5 Hwever，if yur friend ignres yur feelings r makes yu suffer，it’s time t rethink yur relatinship.
suffer vi.受苦，受折磨；变差 vt.遭受，蒙受
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①Sadly，my grandpa suffered heart attack.
②All the neighburs’ help brught an end t the (suffer) f the family.
③If a neighbr (suffer) an illness，we shuld ffer t d the grcery shpping.
④The fact is that .
事实是，我们的地球正在遭受严重的破坏。
知识点6.Whether we’re walking t schl，ding hmewrk r just hanging ut at the weekend，we’re hardly ut f each ther’s sight.
意为“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①Whether yu like it nt，yu’ll have t pay fr it.
②Yu shuld praise his effrt regardless f he succeeds r fails.
③ ，yu shuld keep the campus clean.
无论你是学生还是老师，都应该保持校园清洁。
知识点7.When I called her，she said she might nt be able t make it t the cinema.
make it 能够出席(或到场)；准时到达；获得成功；渡过难关
[一词多义/完成句子]
①The flight leaves in twenty minutes—we’ll never make it.
②He didn’t make it t anther summer and died that winter.
③I thught Grandpa was t ld t climb nt the tp f the hill，but he made it.
④Yu will if yu dn’t lse heart and keep n trying.
如果你不灰心，继续努力，你会成功的。
知识点8 Instead f recvering at hme，she was ut having fun with smene else.
recver vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制
①Even thugh he was hurt seriusly in the car accident，he finally it.
尽管他在车祸中受了重伤，但最后他康复了。
②After recvering his illness，he was advised t eat mre vegetables and less meat.
病愈后，他被建议多吃蔬菜，少吃肉。
③I gt a bad cld but I recvered (I) a week later.
我得了重感冒，但一周后我就康复了。
④T his mther’s relief，the by made a full (recver) after the peratin.
令他母亲欣慰的是，男孩在手术后完全康复。
知识点9. Perhaps she knws she’s in the wrng and wants t aplgize，r maybe she has a simple explanatin fr her behaviur.
behaviur n．行为，举止；态度
①The waiter aplgized fr his bad twards the custmers.
这个服务员为他对顾客的不得体行为而道歉。
②I want yu tw t behave (yu) while I’m away.
我要你们两个在我不在的时候好好表现。
③She is very satisfied with her sn’s gd (behave)．
她对儿子的良好表现非常满意。
知识点10 A real friend is smene whse supprt we can cunt n.
cunt n 依赖，依靠，指望
[一词多义/完成句子]
①The wman is cunting the cins n the table.
②I cunt him as ne f my best friends.
③Hurry up！Every minute nw cunts.
④Yu may the wrk will be finished ahead f time.
你可以指望这项工作将提前完成。
知识点11.I’ll always value these qualities f a gd friend and try t measure myself by these standards as ur friendship develps.
measure vt.估量，判定；测量 n．措施；衡量
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①Measures shuld be taken (frbid) killing and eating wild animals.
②My mther made me a pair f trusers my wn measure.
③The pnd (measure) abut 2 metres acrss.
④The gvernment the shrtage f fd.
政府已采取了一些措施来解决粮食短缺问题。
知识点12. Hwever，when we seek t be alne，we must be careful that we d nt always escape int ur wn wrld.
escape vi.& vt.逃脱，躲避；逃跑；避开，避免；被遗忘 n．逃离，逃脱
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①That was narrw escape all right when ur car turned ver!
②Frtunately，he escaped the burning huse withut being injured.
③Yesterday，I came acrss my frmer classmate，but .
昨天，我遇到了我以前的同学，但是我想不起来他的名字了。
知识点13.As we live in scial grups，there are many benefits f friendship that we can enjy.
benefit n．优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于
[单句语法填空/句型转换]
①It is said that the cmpany has benefited a lt the new plicy.
②Learning a freign language is great benefit t us students.
③It is knwn t us that cycling is very beneficial t human health.
→It is knwn t us that cycling human health.
④The new teacher’s teaching methds will benefit many students.
→Many students will the new teacher’s teaching methds.
知识点14 We ften find it easier t recgnize ther peple’s weaknesses than ur wn.
recgnize vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出
[单句语法填空/完成句子/单句写作]
①After 25 years，the twn centre had changed beynd (recgnize)．
②The mment I answered the phne， .
我一接电话，就听出了他的声音。
③
这部电影被认为是一部很成功的电影。
知识点15 Here，friendship has a duble advantage—happiness takes n a greater meaning and a truble shared becmes a truble halved！
take n 呈现，具有(特征、外观等)；雇用
[用take短语完成句子]
①I knw hw busy yu must be and I wn’t much f yur time.
②After the heavy rain，the ld village a new lk.
③He has t the cmpany when his father retires.
知识点16 We ften find it easier t recgnize ther peple’s weaknesses than ur wn.
it 作形式宾语
[单句语法填空/完成句子]
①The heavy rain makes it impssible fr me (reach) my ffice n time.
②He thinks it f great imprtance he shuld make effrts t imprve his English.
③The by his hbbies and his schlwrk.
这个男孩发现很难平衡他的爱好和他的功课。
④I freigners in English.
我发现用英语和外国人交谈很有趣。
知识点17 I must respect and supprt the chices he makes.
respect vt.尊重，尊敬 n．尊敬，敬意；重视
①The persn I mst is my mther.
我最尊敬的人是我的母亲。
②Please send my (respect) t yur parents.
请向你的父母致以我的敬意。
③There are many (respect) peple arund us.
我们周围有许多值得尊敬的人。
知识点18 Hwever，when we seek t be alne，we must be careful that we d nt always escape int ur wn wrld.
seek(sught，sught) vi.试图；寻找；争取 vt.寻求；寻找
①All f us are happiness while few f us knw what is happiness.
我们都在寻求幸福，而我们中很少有人知道什么是幸福。
②I sught (persuade) my father t stp smking，but failed.
我试图说服我父亲戒烟，但失败了。
知识点19 The first fruit f friendship is the peace that cmes frm sharing with friends ur jy，sadness，success and failure.
failure n．失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障
①As is knwn t all， is the mther f success.
众所周知，失败是成功之母。
②The man has achieved great success in his career，but as a father，he is failure.
这个人在事业上取得了很大的成功，但作为一个父亲，他是一个失败者。
③Unfrtunately，he failed (pass) the entrance examinatin.
不幸的是，他未能通过入学考试。
④I failed my attempt t persuade her.
我未能说服她。
知识点20 They admired each ther and quickly became friends.
admire vt.钦佩；欣赏
①The teacher is respected and fr his new teaching methds and achievements.
这位老师因其新的教学方法和取得的成就而受到尊重和钦佩。
②Her devtin t her wrk is (admire)．
她对工作的献身精神令人钦佩。
③I’d like t express my (admire) fr the bravery f the firefighters.
我想表达我对英勇的消防员们的钦佩。
随堂练习
一.单词拼写
1．The we reached the farm，red apples and yellw pears came int ur view.
2．This unique teaching methd will (有益于) a large number f students.
3．The plicemen were struggling t search fr the thief wh had frm the prisn.
4．Yu may be a success in yur jb，but as a father yu are a .
5．Thugh I hadn’t seen Mary fr years，I her immediately I met her.
6．The ld man was s that he dnated all his savings t the charity.
7．I sent my applicatin frm t the (公司)，but I didn’t get any respnse.
8．I my English teacher mst fr his patience and kindness t us.
二.单句语法填空
1．Hurry up and we can make t the airprt in time.
2．Luckily，my father sn recvered the peratin.
3．We desire fr a huse which is (cmfrt) and warm.
4．There was nbdy sight when the man came rund the crner.
5．Cheer up，smetimes failure is (benefit) t ur grwth.
6．Mst f us admire the great scientist what he has dne fr ur cuntry.
7．The gvernment has taken (measure) t bring dwn the high prices f daily gds.
8．Great changes have taken place s much in my hmetwn that it is beynd my (recgnize)．
语法
一、定语从句的定义
在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫定语从句。被从句所修饰的词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词有that，which，wh，whm，whse，as等；关系副词有when，where，why。
二、关系代词的基本用法
1．wh的用法
示例：①The persn wh tricked me was ne f my classmates.骗我的那个人是我的一个同学。
②He is the man wh I respect very much.他就是我非常尊重的那个人。
归纳：wh 指人，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语。
2．whm的用法
示例：①Jack is the persn (wh/whm) yu shuld care abut.杰克是你应该关心的人。
②The ld man (whm) the girl had tricked was my grandfather.
女孩欺骗的那位老人是我的爷爷。
归纳：whm 指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。
3．which的用法
示例：①The plane is a machine which can fly.飞机是一台能飞的机器。
②The gld medal (which) she wn has been given t her ld schl.她赢得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。
归纳：which 指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省略。
4．that的用法
示例：①The reprt (that) Mr Turner handed in was abut the mtr race.特纳先生递交的报告是关于摩托车比赛的。
②The number f peple that/wh cme t visit the city reaches ne millin every year.每年来参观这个城市的人数达到一百万。
归纳：that既指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可以省略。
5．whse的用法
示例：①He lives in the rm whse windw faces suth.他住在窗户朝南的那个房间。
②This is the scientist whse name is knwn all ver the cuntry.这就是那位全国闻名的科学家。
归纳：whse 既可指人也可指物，在从句中修饰名词，作定语。
三、疑难点津
1．宜用that不宜用which的情况
①当先行词是all，little，much，smething，anything，everything，nthing，sme等不定代词时。
All that can be dne has been dne.一切能做的都已经做了。
②当先行词被all，every，sme，any，little，much，the nly，the very，the right，the last，just等修饰时。
Music is the nly thing that interests me.音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。
③当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the mst interesting stry that I have ever read.这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。
④当先行词中既有人又有物时。
She described in her cmpsitin the peple and places that impressed her mst.
她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。
2．关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。
Thse wh are ver 45 wn’t be permitted int the hall.超过45岁的人不允许进入这个大厅。
[温馨提示]
“ne f＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用复数形式；“the nly ne f＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用单数形式。
This is ne f the bks which were written by Charles Dickens.这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书中的其中一本。
He is the nly ne f the bys in ur class wh has learned French.他是我们班里唯一一个学过法语的男孩。
3．为避免关系词的重复，被关系代词代替的成分不可在从句中重复出现。
This is the factry which we visited last Sunday.(visited后不可加it)这就是我们上星期天参观过的那家工厂。
一.用适当的关系代词填空
1．She has a brther name I can’t remember.
2．The bk I brrwed frm the library is very interesting.
3．The persns were injured in the car accident are being treated in the hspital nw.
4．This is the best film we have ever made abut friendship.
5．The exact year Angela and her family spent tgether in China was 2008.
二.用定语从句合并句子
1．The city is near the sea.The city is very beautiful.
→The city
2．I live next dr t a cuple.Their children ften make a lt f nise.
→I live next dr t a cuple .
3．The wman is my mther.Yu are lking after her.
→ is my mther.
三.用适当的关系代词填空
1．Any man has a sense f duty will be cncerned abut this item.
2．We ften talk abut the persns and things we remember.
3．She is the nly ne f the children is gd at music here.
4．The first place she visited in China was the Histry Museum.
5．Thse want t g t the party must be at the schl gate by 5 pm.
6．The film yu are lking frward t seeing will be n next week.
四.单句写作——用定语从句完成下列句子
1．这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。(that)
.
2．你想买那本内容非常鼓舞人心的书吗？(whse)
?
3．打破窗户的那个男孩叫汤姆。(wh)
.
4．她是公司里唯一一个受教育不多的员工。(that)
.
ut f ne’s sight脱离某人的视线
in sight看得见
lse sight f看不见
catch sight f看见
cme int sight进入视野
at first sight乍一看
at the sight f...一看见……
(1)根据……判断……
as far as I can judge据我判断
judging by/frm...从……来判断
(2)judg(e)ment n．判断力；意见，看法
in ne’s judg(e)ment在某人看来
(1)aplgize t sb.fr (ding) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉
(2)aplgy n．道歉
make an aplgy t sb.fr sth.因为某事向某人道歉
we sb.an aplgy＝we an aplgy t sb.应向某人道歉
in that/this case在那种/这种情况下
in case f 万一，以防
in n case决不位于句首时，句子用部分倒装
as is ften the case这是常有的事
(1)suffer frm遭受；忍受；患……病
suffer后常跟pain/stress/lsses/hardship/defeat等名词作宾语。
(2)suffering n．痛苦；苦难(常用pl.)
(3)sufferer n．患病者；受难者
whether还可以引导名词性从句，译为“是否”。
whether常和r或r nt连用， nt意为“是否……”
(1)recver frm从……中恢复过来
recver neself恢复健康；清醒过来
(2)recvery n．恢复；复苏；痊愈
behave v.举动；举止或行为表现
behave well/badly t/twards sb.对待某人好/差
behave neself表现得体，有礼貌；行为规矩
(1)cunt v．数数；重要；看作；认为 n．数量；计数
(2)cunt n/upn(＝rely/depend n/upn)依靠，依赖
cunt n sb.t d sth.指望某人做某事
cunt n it that...指望……(其中it 为形式宾语，that 从句为真正的宾语)
(1)用……衡量……
be measured by/in...用……来计算/衡量
(2)take measures t d sth.采取措施做某事
ne’s measure根据某人的尺寸做……
注意：measure表示“测量长、高或宽时”是连系动词，无被动语态。
(1)escape frm从……逃脱/逃跑
escape＋n./ding sth.逃避(做)某事
sth.escape(s) sb.某物被某人遗忘
(2)a narrw escape九死一生
(1)be f benefit t...对……有益的
fr the benefit f...为了……的利益
(2)benefit frm...从……中受益
benefit sb.使某人获益
(3)beneficial adj.有益的
be beneficial t...对……有益
(1)recgnize ne’s vice辨别出某人的声音
recgnize sb./sth.as/t be...认为某人/某物是……
It is recgnized that...人们公认……
(2)recgnitin n．承认；认出
beynd recgnitin认不出来
take away拿走；使离开；消除病痛等
take ver接收，接管，取代
take in吸收；理解；欺骗
take up从事；占据；继续
(1)句中it作find 的形式宾语，不定式短语 t recgnize ther peple’s weaknesses作真正的宾语，形容词easier作宾补。
(2)句型基本结构是：主语＋谓语＋it 作形式宾语＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语。
(3)常用于以上结构的动词有make，feel，think，find，cnsider等。
(4)宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词，真正的宾语可以是不定式短语、动名词或从句。
(1)respect sb.fr sth.因某事而尊敬某人
(2)have/shw respect fr sb.尊敬某人
give/send ne’s respects t sb.向某人表达敬意；问候某人
(3)respectable adj.可敬的，体面的
seek t d sth.试图做某事；努力做某事
seek fr/after找寻；寻求
(1)a failure一个失败的人；一件失败的事
(2)fail t d sth.没能做某事，未能成功
fail (in sth.)失败，没有通过
(1) (ding) sth.因(做)某事而钦佩、羡慕……
(2)admirable adj.可钦佩的；值得赞赏的
(3)admiratin n．钦佩；赞赏；羡慕
in/with admiratin钦佩地
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