江苏省扬州市中考英语试卷分类汇编：阅读理解

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阅读理解
2023年江苏省扬州市中考英语试题
三、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分, 计30分)
阅读下列内容, 从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
China has made great achievements in bidiversity prtectin. Building a natinal park system is ne f the greatest jbs that China has dne s far. In Octber 2021, China's first five natinal parks were designated(认定). They are hme t nearly 30% f the earth's key wildlife species(物种)fund in China, cvering a prtected land area f 230, 000 square kilmeters. This table will infrm yu f the first five natinal parks — China's treasures in nature.
31. What des the passage mainly tell us?
A. When China's first five natinal parks were discvered.
B. Sme general infrmatin f China's first five natinal parks,
C. What challenges China's first five natinal parks are facing.
D. Sme actins t prtect the wildlife species in these parks.
32. Accrding t the passage, which park has the mst types f landscapes?
A. Wuyishan Natinal Park. B. Giant Panda Natinal Park.
C. Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park, D. Nrtheast China Tiger and Lepard Natinal Park.
33. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is TRUE abut the prgress f the parks?
B
What wuld happen if yu tried t blw a sap(肥皂)bubble in belw-freezing weather? Wuld it freeze and fall t the grund? Wuld yu have t hit it with a stne t break it?These questins came int my mind ne cld winter day. It was t cld t play in the snw, but it was a perfect time t experiment with blwing frzen bubbles.
T blw frzen bubbles, I had t wait until the air utside was very cld. Fr this activity, that meant 10 degrees belw 0 Fahrenheit r clder. I didn't have the bubble things that cme in a bttle, s I used dish-washing sap. Adding a drp f glycerin made the sap wrk even better. I chse a place ut f the wind, and blew bubbles the same way I always d. I watched t see what wuld happen. Here's what I learned.
If the temperature is lw enugh, the skin f the bubble frsts(结霜)ver, becming cludy instead f clear. And what abut thse rainbw swirls(漩涡状物体)that yu see in sap bubbles? The rainbw clrs stay even(均匀的)when the bubbles frst, but they dn't spin anymre. The bubbles still flat in the air. They dn't fall t the grund any faster than they wuld n a warm summer day,
When these frzen bubbles break, they dn't turn int tiny drps f sap as summer bubbles d. They turn int shiny rainbw pieces and fly slwly t the grund. Smetimes a frzen bubble will rll acrss the snw withut breaking. If it breaks, it may leave a strng bubble skin n the grund. Leave the bubble alne and it may stay there fr a lng time.
Smetimes I culd catch a bubble and hld it until the heat f my hand made it pp.
I learned ne ther thing abut blwing frzen bubbles. It's s much fun. I want t try it again next year!
34. Hw des the writer begin the passage?
A. By cmparing tw types f bubbles.
B. By describing the freezing cld weather.
C. By asking sme questins abut the subject.
D. By presenting the tls needed t d the experiment.
35. What is this passage mainly abut?
A. Making sap that can wrk even better.
B. Making bubbles that will stay lnger.
C. Inventing a new kind f sap that makes clearer bubbles.
D. Finding ut what happens t bubbles in freezing temperatures,
36. Accrding t the passage, what will happen if yu blw frzen sap bubbles?
A. Cld enugh, the skin f the bubbles will stay clear,
B. When the bubbles frst, the rainbw clrs will spin taster.
C. A frzen bubble may rll acrss the snw withut breaking.
D. When these frzen bubbles break, they turn int tiny drps f sap.
37. What is the best title fr the passage?
A. A science clubB. Brken bubblesC. A happy childD. Frzen bubbles
C
That night, July 11, 2022, Nick Bstic was driving dwn the streets f Lafayette, Indiana, when he fund a tw-stry huse was n fire.
Flames(火焰)were climbing up the frnt prch. Withut pausing fr a mment t think abut the danger, Bstic stpped his car and ran frm the back dr int the burning building, which belngs t the Barrett family.
Bstic had just started climbing the stairs when he lked up and saw fur faces appear frm a rm at the tp f the stairs and lk dwn at him, their eyes wide. "Yur huse is n fire, yu need t g!" Bstic yelled.
Bstic hurried the fur girls int the fresh air. "Anybdy else in there?" Bstic asked.
"Kaylani is in there! We can't find her!" Seinna, the eldest f the girls, screamed, referring t her six-year-ld sister. Withut hesitating, Bstic ran back inside.
By nw, the whle side f the huse was in flames, Bstic went upstairs. He searched every bedrm. N kid. The smke was thick nw. He lifted his T-shirt, trying t cver his muth and nse when he heard the sund f crying, frm the dark smke belw
Bstic felt abut in the blackness and heat, mving dwnstairs tward the sund. Then suddenly Kaylani was in frnt f him, Bstic quickly lifted the girl int his arms. Where is the frnt dr?! Bstic remembered seeing a windw n the side f the huse where the fire hadn't reached.
Bstic climbed back up, made it t the rm and brke the glass, Kaylani still in his arms.
Bstic and Kaylani lked dwn at the pen grassy space. The girl said , “ ” He was thinking the exact same thing.
But they had little chice. The flames were inching ever clser. Hlding Kaylani tightly in ne arm, Bstic ran frward and threw himself ut f the windw. He managed t land n the ther shulder. Kaylani was almst unhurt.
Days passed, Bstic wke up frm first-degree burns t his leg and arm, He felt like he'd just dne what anyne wuld have dne in that situatin, But utside the hspital, the stry f Nick Bstic was already spreading. He was a her — the pizza man wh had run int a burning building nt nce, but twice.
38. What des the underlined wrd "hesitating" mean in Paragraph 5?
A. 交谈B. 犹豫C. 埋怨D. 期待
39. Which f the fllwing is the crrect rder f the stry?
a. Bstic lked fr the dr with Kaylani in his arms.
b. Bstic led the fur girls ut int the fresh air.
c. Bstic went upstairs t search every bedrm fr Kaylani.
d. Bstic jumped ut f the windw hlding Kaylani tightly in ne arm.
e. Bstic fllwed the sund f crying t the dark smke belw
A. cbadeB. bceadC. ceabdD. baedc
40. Which sentence shuld g in the empty bx in Paragraph 3 frm the bttm?
A. I want my sisters!B. Ww, we'll be heres!
C. I can't thank yu t much. D. I dn't want t jump ut the windw.
41. The picture in the passage is helpful because it shws _____________.
A. when Kaylani was fund
B. hw brave Kaylani and Bstic were
C. what the tw-stry huse n fire was like
D. hw the her saved Kaylani at the very mment
D
The scientific methd is used fr simple experiments that students may d in the classrm r very difficult experiments that scientists are ding all ver the wrld. It is a way f thinking that helps yu t avid drawing incrrect cnclusins.
There are usually fur steps in the scientific methd, including bservatin(观察), hypthesis(假设), experiment, and cnclusin. The steps may nt always be cmpleted in the same rder, but the first step is usually bservatin and asking a questin abut yur bservatin. Fr example, yu had a sick stmach, and ate a candy bar. An hur later, yu bserved that yu felt much better. Here, yu can ask a questin, such as, "What makes a sick stmach feel better?"
The secnd step is t state a pssible answer t the questin, r a hypthesis, such as, "
" A gd hypthesis includes three things: The explanatin fr the bservatins, it is able t be tested, and it will usually predict new utcmes r cnclusins.
The third step is the experiment, t test the hypthesis. An experiment is a test which will either challenge r supprt the hypthesis. The hypthesis will then be true r false.
The final step is t think abut what happened when yu tested the hypthesis and draw a cnclusin. The cnclusin will either clearly supprt the hypthesis r it will nt. If the results supprt the hypthesis, a cnclusin can be written and yu can share it with the rest f the wrld. If it des nt supprt the hypthesis, yu may chse t change the hypthesis r write a new ne based n what was learned during the experiment.
42. Which sentence best expresses the main idea f the passage?
A. Hw d the fur basic steps in the scientific methd wrk?
B. What makes a gd hypthesis based n the bservatin?
C. The cnclusin will always clearly supprt the hypthesis.
D. Learning the scientific methd may help students succeed in science.
43. Which sentence shuld g in the empty bx in Paragraph 3?
A. A candy bar makes a sick stmach feel better.
B. It was the medicine yu tk an hur earlier that made yu feel better.
C. Eat a candy bar again, and see what happens t yur sick stmach.
D. Ask peple if eating a candy bar has made a sick stmach feel better.
44. What des the underlined wrd "it" in the last paragraph refer t(指的是)?
A. the hypthesisB. the cnclusinC. the questinD. the bservatin
45. Which f the fllwing sentences abut the experiment is TRUE?
A. An experiment is a test t always supprt the hypthesis.
B. An experiment des nt have t be part f the scientific methd.
C. An experiment is a test t either challenge r supprt a hypthesis.
D. An experiment is nly used when scientists are trying t prve a hypthesis.
2022年江苏省扬州市中考英语试题
三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，计30分）
阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Wetlands are any land that is flded with shallw water all r mst f the time. They are a natural water hlding system.
There are many types f wetlands. Amng them, bgs, marshes and swamps are the three main types. The different types f wetlands have different kinds f plants. Only msses(苔藓)and a few ther kinds f plants can grw in bgs. Grassy plants like cattails（香蒲）and reeds(芦苇)are the mst cmmn plants in a marsh. A swamp is a frest whse grund is underwater all r mst f the time. Unlike bgs r marshes, a swamp is full f trees and bushes. It’s nt a gd idea t g explring a swamp withut a guide. There are hidden pls f water, thick mud, and smetimes big crcdiles(鳄鱼)lking fr their next meal.
Hungry crcdiles aren’t the nly animals that make the wetlands their hme. Otters, turtles, frgs, snakes and many ther animals d t. The water is hme t many kinds f fish and crabs. Birds, including ducks, geese and cranes, use wetlands seasnally during their lng migratins.
Wetlands are imprtant because they prvide habitats fr plants and animals. A wetland system can als prtect shrelines, make plluted waters clean, prevent flds, and restre undergrund water supplies.
Accrding t WWF, mre than half f the wrld’s wetlands have disappeared since the beginning f the 20th century. If this cntinues, cuntless plant and animal species will surely die ut. Withut wetlands, cities have t spend mre mney treating water. Dn’t feel helpless. Try t d yur part t prtect them right nw. Here are sme ideas.
31. Accrding t Paragraph 2, what can yu see in a swamp?
A. Msses.B. Cattails.C. Reeds.D. Trees.
32. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. Wetlands are a man-made water hlding system.
B. There are three types f wetlands in the wrld.
C. Peple can nt meet with big crcdiles in wetlands.
D. Wetlands can prtect shrelines and prevent flds.
33What is the writer prbably ging t talk abut after Paragraph 5?
A. What are the different types f wetlands?
B. What will happen if wetlands disappear?
C. What actins can peple take t prtect wetlands?
DWhat ther kinds f plants and animals live in wetlands?
B
Every mnth, Julia and her cusins wuld g fr the big family meal at their grandparents’ huse. On each visit, their grandpa wuld give them a few cins. Then all the children wuld run ff t buy sweets. One day, he gathered the children tgether. He said, “Let’s have a cmpetitin t see wh can manage mney wisely. At the end f this year, tell me hw yu’ve used yur mney.”
Ruben and Nic, the tw smallest kids, cntinued spending their mney all n sweets. Every time, they wuld shw ff their sweets in frnt f the ther children. This made Clara and Je s angry that these tw culd n lnger keep saving their mney. They sn jined Ruben and Nic.
Mnty was a clever by. He decided t manage his mney by buying and selling things. Sn he made a lt f mney with little effrt. The way he was ging, he wuld end up almst a rich man. Hwever, he began t spend his mney n mre and mre expensive things fr himself. A few mnths later, he hadn’t a single penny（便士）left.
Alex saved and saved all the cins he was given, and at the end f the year he had cllected mre mney than anyne. He was the clear winner.
There was als Julia. Pr Julia hadn’t a penny n the day f the cmpetitin. She had spent all her cins n her secret plan. Julia knew a pr vilinist wh played in the park, and she ffered him all the cins fr his vilin lessns. Althugh it wasn’t much mney, n seeing Julia’s excitement, the vilinist agreed. A little after a year the vilinist laned her a vilin s they tw culd play tgether in the park. They were s successful that she managed t buy her wn vilin. Even better, she later became a very famus vilinist.
34. Why did the children’s grandpa suggest the cmpetitin t them?
A. T encurage them t win cmpetitins.B. T teach them hw t manage their mney.
C. T tell them mney was imprtant t them.D. T knw wh was the cleverest child in the family.
35. The underlined wrds “these tw” in Paragraph 2 refer t（指的是）________.
A. Clara and JeB. Ruben and NicC. Mnty and AlexD. Alex and Julia
36. What can we learn frm Julia’s stry?
A. Get rich slw, r get pr fast.
B. Little effrt always brings much mney.
C. A little mney well spent can help realize yur dreams.
D. It is nt wise f yu t spend all the mney yu've gt.
37. What is the best title fr the passage?
A. Grandpa’s cinsB. Julia’s cusins
C. A saving cmpetitinD. A happy family
C
My five-year-ld sn befriends the wman. It starts with vices in the yard. When I cme ut t check n Daniel, his face is pressed n the fence（篱笆）.
The wman says, “Yu wait right here; I’ll be right back. ”
She returns with a saw（锯子）. There’s a whirring. A circle in the wden fence drps ut f sight.
“Dad! Sandy just drilled ut a hle in the fence s Sandy and I can talk! ” Daniel spins arund.
I hadn’t knwn her name was Sandy. We’ve lived here a mnth befre Daniel was brn.
Daniel’s and Sandy’s murmuring vices cntinue. Whenever Daniel is utside, he circles near the fence that isn’t a fence any mre. Sme days my sn just ges t stand at the hle, yelling, “Sandy! Saaaaandyyyyy!” Smetimes I hear bits f their talk.
“We painted a ghst at schl.”
Or: “Wheeler and Jacksn were playing ftball, and they tld me I culdn’t play.”
“That wasn’t very nice, ” says Sandy. “Did that hurt yur feelings? Did yu let them knw that?”
I can’t hear hw he replies. A mment f envy runs thrugh me. He never talks abut his schl things with me.
Daniel and Sandy nt nly keep chatting thrugh the hle, they als exchange gifts. A clring bk, then a Ht Wheels car. It’s unclear what Daniel gives Sandy in return.
One afternn, I hear Sandy’s vice flating ver the tp f the fence with the hle. “I thught maybe Daniel culd cme fr a play date.”
We ring the bell n Sandy’s prch. She’s a middle-aged wman with smiling eyes. Sandy’s yard is sweet with the smell f flwers. We have a pleasant afternn with Sandy, my sn’s adult friend, the first friend Daniel has made n his wn.
A mnth later, Sandy leaves t care fr her mther in Kansas. She left behind a bx f presents: a clring bk, sidewalk chalk, the missing range part in the Ht Wheels track. When I lk at Daniel, he’s lking dwn at his shes.
He smetimes wanders dwn t the fence. Instead f calling “Sandy! Saaaaandyyyyy!” he cries. “Hell! Hell!”
One day, Daniel receives Sandy’s pstcard. They write frequently, warmly.
38. Which f the fllwing is the crrect rder f the stry?
a. Sandy leaves fr Kansas t care fr her mther.
b. Daniel and Sandy exchange gifts thrugh the hle.
c. Daniel and Sandy are gd pen friends.
d. Sandy drills ut a hle in the fence.
e. Sandy invites Daniel t cme t her yard fr a play date.
A. dbeacB. badecC. dceabD. ecadb
39. Which sentence shuld g in the empty bx in Paragraph 4 frm the bttm?
A. The neighburhd I grew up in has a fence like this.
B. We’ve passed thrugh the hle in the fence.
C. Beynd that fence stands Sandy’s blue huse.
D. I’m a persn wh lks n the bad side f the fence.
40. What can we knw abut Daniel frm the underlined sentences in the stry?
A. He desn’t care abut Sandy’s leaving.B. He is impressed with the shes frm Sandy.
C. He is heartbrken when hearing the news.D. He des nt want t be Sandy’s friend any mre.
41. Which sentence best expresses the theme f the stry?
A. Parents are children’s best friends.B. Trust and friendship can g beynd ages.
C. A gd fence makes a gd neighbur.D. Grass is greener n the ther side f the fence.
D
Researchers at China Aerspace Science and Industry Crp, a State-wned defense cntractr, have develped and made the wrld’s first rbt whale shark（鲸鲨）.
The rbtic shark has been n display in an aquarium（水族馆）at Shanghai Haichang Ocean Park since January.
A whale shark is a slw-mving carpet shark and the largest knwn living fish.
Designed and built by engineers at the Shenyang-based N 111 Factry, the underwater rbt is 4.7 meters lng, weighs 350 kilgrams and can mve 42 meters a minute.
Pwered by a lithium battery, it can swim, turn, flat and dive like a real shark by mving its mechanical fins（鳍）. The muth and gills（鳃）can als pen and clse like a shark’s. The bimimetic shark is made f sensrs（传感器）, multi-jint fins, batteries, and systems which enable it t avid what’s in the way in all directins.
“The rbt can reach a depth f 10 meters and wrk fr as lng as 10 hurs,” said Fang Xuelin, a senir researcher in charge f the rbt shark prgram.
“The shark can be remtely cntrlled and can als swim based n preset prgrams r its wn sensrs,” he said.
“We have built multiple kinds f rbt fishes, and the rbtic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made s far,” Fang added. “Our rbts are t serve three purpses—t perfrm in aquariums fr entertainment, spread knwledge abut the sea and aquatic（水生的）animals amng yungsters, and carry ut scientific tasks such as hydrlgical surveys, underwater phtgraphy and envirnmental inspectin.”
“The factry nw plans t develp mre types f aquatic rbts, including sme extinct mammals（哺乳动物）, fr display in parks and schls. It will als prmte the prducts t businesses engaged in fields such as underwater salvage and mineral prspecting,” he said.
42. The whale shark n display is ________.
A. the wrld’s first rbtB. the largest living fish
C. a 7.4-meter-lng sharkD. a rbtic shark
43. What des the underlined wrd “bimimetic”in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. 仿生的B. 虚拟的C. 杂交的D. 变异的
44. Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. The shark is the first mechanical fish made at the factry.
B. Pwered by a lithium battery, the shark can swim withut stpping.
C. The factry has built multiple kinds f rbt fishes including the shark.
D. The factry has develped sme extinct mammals fr display in parks.
45. What des Paragraph 8 mainly talk abut?
A. The limits f the aquatic rbts.B. The purpses f the aquatic rbts.
C. The prgress in making aquatic rbts.D. The steps t develping aquatic rbts.
2021年江苏省扬州市中考英语试题
三、阅读单选
Is it pssible t have a diet（日常饮食）that’s bth healthy and friendly t ur planet? Here are answers t yur ec-friendly fd questins.
Des what I eat influence climate（气候）change?
Yes. The wrld’s fd system is respnsible fr（为……负责）abut ne quarter f the planet—warming greenhuse gases that humans prduce each year. That includes raising and harvesting all the plants, animals, and animal prducts we eat, as well as prcessing, packaging, and shipping fd t markets all ver the wrld.
Which fds have the largest influence?
In general, beef and lamb have the biggest climate ftprint per gram f prtein while plant—based fds like beans, rice, crn and wheat have the smallest influence. Prk, chicken, eggs are smewhere in the middle.
Is there a simple fd chice I can make?
Studies have shwn that peple wh eat a meat—heavy diet can reduce their fd—related ftprint by ne third r mre by mving t a vegan diet — n meat, dairy（乳制品）, r eggs. If yu dn’t want t g that far, just eat less meat.
Can I really make a difference t ur planet?
We need mre fd t feed the wrld’s grwing ppulatin. One persn alne can make nly a tiny difference. If many peple make changes t their diets, that will start t add up. It will make a greater difference if the wrld’s heaviest meat eaters make sme changes t their diets.
31．Accrding t the passage, which fds have the smallest influence n ur planet?
A．Beef and lamb.B．Rice and crn.C．Chicken and prk.D．Beans and beef.
32．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A．One persn alne makes n difference t ur planet.
B．Shipping fd a lver the wrld has n influence n climate change.
C．All the planet—warming greenhuse gases cme frm the fd system.
D．Meat eaters can reduce their fd—related ftprint by eating less meat.
33．What is the best title fr the passage?
A．Hw t prduce mre meatB．Hw t make mre plant—based fds
C．Hw t eat better fr the planetD．Hw t ask ec—friendly fd questins
Rberta, Peter and Phyllis lived in a large huse in Lndn. Father wrked hard in a gvernment ffice. He was never angry and always ready fr a game. Mther was almst at hme, ready t play with the children, and read t them, and help them d their hme—lessns.
These three lucky children always had everything they needed: pretty clthes, gd fires, a lvely playrm and a dg called James. They had a happy life, but they did nt knw hw happy till the pretty life in the large huse was ver.
Peter had a ty engine and it brke. After dinner, Peter shwed Father the engine. Father lked it ver and prmised t d it n Saturday.
At that mment tw men came t see Father. Minutes passed. Father’s vice came ut frm the study, lud and angry.
Mre time passed. Then Mther came in and said, “Father’s been called away— n business.”
A week after their father went away, their mther said, “Nw, we’re ging t mve t the cuntry. A pretty little white huse, called Three Chimneys. ”
The family started packing: clthes, plates, candles and als tables and chairs. “We seem t be taking all the ugly things,” said Rberta.
“We’re taking the useful nes,” said Mther. “We’ve gt t play at being pr fr a bit.”
Peter said jyusly, “I d like mving! I wish we mved nce a mnth.” Mther laughed and said, “I dn’t like mving!”
As she turned away, Rberta saw her face. She never frgt it.
“Oh, Mther,” she whispered, “hw I lve yu! Yu are brave enugh t laugh when yu’re feeling like that! ”
Then they tk a train t Three Chimneys. N ne knew hw lng they had been in the train when Mther wke them up.
They std in the cld night air n the dark platfrm. At that mment they didn’t knw hw imprtant the statin and the trains wuld becme t them. They didn’t knw they were ging t be the railway children.
— Taken frm The Railway Children
34．The family packed things like plates and candles because Mther thught they were ________.
A．usefulB．newC．expensiveD．beautiful
35．Which f the fllwing questins is answered in this passage?
A．Hw did Peter’s ty engine break?
B．When wuld the children’s father be hme?
C．What was the family like befre Father was away?
D．What was the family’s life like in Three Chimneys?
36．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A．Phyllis wanted t mve a huse nce a mnth.
B．Father said gdbye t the children when he left.
C．Mther wanted t leave Lndn and mve t the cuntry.
D．Mther was brave enugh t laugh when she was feeling sad.
37．What can we infer（推断）frm the underlined sentences in the last paragraph?
A．The children dn’t like their life in Lndn.
B．The statin has nthing t d with the family’s future life.
C．Smething is ging t happen t the children later in the stry.
D．Parents can better deal with life changes than their children.
As a muntain, 1,642-ft Squaw Peak isn’t that impressive. But its views attract many hikers（远足者）. Henry Grant, a cllege student at Ithaca Cllege, was ne f them.
While waiting fr his mther ne day in August, 2019, Grant watched ther hikers enjy the view. One hiker, dressed in pink, was lking ver the lip f the cliff（悬崖）with her husband.
When Grant’s mther rejined him, the tw cntinued n their way. Suddenly, he heard smething scaring: “Paula! Paula!” a man shuted crazily. Grant turned arund quickly. ________
Several hikers immediately started lking fr her, but their view was screened by trees. Uncertain they culd help, Grant and his mther headed dwn the trail. But when he saw sme hikers still searching, he decided t lend a hand. After prmising his mther that he wuld be safe, he went n alne.
After 15 minutes f climbing ver large rcks, pushing past bushes, and slipping（滑） dwn lse earth, Grant fund a pink figure. The wman had fallen abut 75 feet. Luckily, she was alive.
“Paula! Paula!” Grant shuted. The wman didn’t reply. She was badly hurt. Grant called the plice t reprt her lcatin. She kept trying t mve, and every time she mved, she slipped a little mre. Afraid that in her unclear state f mind she might fall ff the rck t her death, Grant climbed n all furs up a tight, narrw path by digging int the earth with his fingers and feet until he reached Paula.
Paula was maning, almst senseless. Grant gently put her hand in his, trying t keep her mind ff the pain by keeping asking her questins: “Where are yu frm? D yu have kids?” Sn, they were jined n their perch（歇脚处）by anther hiker named Simn.
Abut 45 minutes later, first rescuers（救援者）arrived. Paula and her husband were flwn t a hspital. Five hurs after the wman in pink had fallen, Grant was back n tp f Squaw Peak.
38．Which sentence shuld g in the empty line in Paragraph 3?
A．He ran as fast as pssible t save Paula.
B．His mther turned arund at the same time.
C．The wman in pink was nwhere t be seen.
D．Other hikers were scared by the terrible shut.
39．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．Grant had n difficulty in reaching Paula.
B．Simn and Grant’s mther jined in saving Paula.
C．Paula and her husband were bth badly wunded and saved.
D．Grant asked Paula questins t keep her mind ff the pain.
40．The underlined wrd “they” in Paragraph 7 refers t（指的是）________.
A．first rescuersB．Paula and Grant
C．Grant and his mtherD．Paula and her husband
41．What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A．Hw a wman fell 75 feet frm a muntain cliff.
B．Hw a yung man tried his best t save a stranger.
C．Hw a wman managed t survive a terrible accident.
D．Hw a yung man made a decisin in face f danger.
Ever wndered why yur virtual（虚拟的）hme helper desn't understand yur questins? Or why yur navigatin app tk yu n the side street instead f the highway? In a study published April 21st in the jurnal iScience, Italian researchers, Arianna Pipitne and Antni Chella, designed a rbt that “thinks ut lud”.
T explre hw inner speech might influence a rbt’s actins, the researchers built a rbt called Pepper that speaks t itself. It has the ability t reasn and think. They then asked peple t set the dinner table with Pepper accrding t etiquette（礼仪）rules. In ne experiment, the user asked Pepper t lay the napkin at the wrng place, ging against the rules. Pepper started asking itself a series f self-directed questins and cncluded that the user might be mistaken. T be sure, Pepper cnfirmed the user’s rder, which led t further inner speech.
“Ehm, this situatin trubles me. I wuld never break the rules, but I can’t make the user unhappy, s I’m ding what he wants,” Pepper said t itself, laying the napkin where it was required t be. Thrugh Pepper’s inner vice, the user can learn Pepper was facing a difficult situatin and slved it by priritizing the user’s rder.
Cmparing Pepper’s actins with and withut inner speech, Pipitne and Chella discvered the rbt had a higher task-cmpletin rate when having self-dialgue.
Hwever, sme peple find the rbt spends mre time cmpleting tasks when it talks t itself. The rbt’s inner speech is als limited t the knwledge that researchers gave it. Pepper’s designers still say their wrk prvides a framewrk（构架）t further explre hw self-dialgue can help rbts fcus, plan, and learn. “In sme ways, we are creating a generatinal（世代的）rbt that likes t chat. Frm navigatin apps and the camera n yur phne t medical rbts in the peratin rms, machines and cmputers alike can take advantage f this chatty feature,” says Chella.
42．Why des the writer ask tw questins at the very beginning f the passage?
A．T draw the reader’s attentin t the tpic.
B．T shw the writer likes electrnic prducts.
C．T tell the reader abut the histry f rbts.
D．T prve the writer ften faces truble in life.
43．Why was Pepper asked t lay the napkin at the wrng place?
A．T see hw much time Pepper spent laying the napkin.
B．T cnfirm hw ppular Pepper was amng its users.
C．T test hw many etiquette rules Pepper remembered.
D．T study hw self-dialgue might influence Pepper’s actins.
44．What des the underlined wrd “priritizing” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．repeatingB．dealing with… firstC．ging againstD．cmplaining abut
45．What can we infer frm the passage?
A．The designers are prud f their wrk abut Pepper.
B．Pepper has already been in use in the peratin rms.
C．Pepper’s inner speech depends n its user’s cmmunicatin skills.
D．With r withut inner speech, Pepper culd cmplete a task equally well.
答案：
2023年江苏省扬州市中考英语试题
31．B 32．C 33．A
【导语】本文是介绍中国首批五大国家公园的一些信息情况。
31．主旨大意题。根据“This table will infrm yu f the first five natinal parks—China’s treasures in nature.”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍中国首批五大国家公园的一些基本信息，故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park”中的信息“Landscapes: Glaciers, snw-capped muntains, high-altitude wetlands, deserts, alpine grasslands”可知，三江源国家公园有最多种类的地形，故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据“Nrtheast China Tiger and Lepard Natinal Park”中的信息“Prgress: Increasing ppulatin f prtected animal species frm the year f 2015 t 2022 — Siberian tigers: 27→50; Amur lepards: 42→60”可知，从2015年到2022年，保护动物种群数量不断增加——东北虎：27→50；东北豹：42→60，故选A。
34．C 35．D 36．C 37．D
【导语】本文主要介绍作者为了查明在低于冰点的天气里吹肥皂泡会发生什么而做了一个实验。
34．细节理解题。根据“What wuld happen if yu tried t blw a sap (肥皂) bubble in belw-freezing weather...”可知作者通过几个问题引出文章的话题。故选C。
35．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了作者为了查明在低于冰点的天气里吹肥皂泡会发生什么，作者做了一个实验。故选D。
36．细节理解题。根据“Smetimes a frzen bubble will rll acrss the snw withut breaking”可知冰冻的气泡会在雪地上滚动而不破裂。故选C。
37．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了作者为了查明在低于冰点的天气里吹肥皂泡会发生什么，作者做了一个实验，故文章以“冻结的气泡”为标题最合适。故选D。
38．B 39．B 40．D 41．D
【导语】本文讲述了Nick Bstic遇到火灾时，勇敢地两次跑进燃烧的大楼成功地救人的故事。
38．词句猜测题。根据“Withut pausing fr a mment t think abut the danger, Bstic stpped his car and ran frm the back dr int the burning building, which belngs t the Barrett family.”和“Withut hesitating, Bstic ran back inside.”可知Bstic在着火的情况下又跑回去救人，应是“毫不犹豫地”，划线部分“hesitating”意为“犹豫”。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据“Bstic hurried the fur girls int the fresh air.”；“By nw, the whle side f the huse was in flames. Bstic went upstairs. He searched every bedrm. N kid. The smke was thick nw.”可知，Bstic先催促四个女孩呼吸新鲜空气，接着去屋子里寻找Kaylani，即前两个事件顺序为bc。故选B。
40．推理判断题。根据“Bstic and Kaylani lked dwn at the pen grassy space. The girl said, ‘...’ He was thinking the exact same thing.”和“But they had little chice. The flames were inching ever clser. Hlding Kaylani tightly in ne arm, Bstic ran frward and threw himself ut f the windw.(但他们别无选择。火焰越来越近了。Bstic紧紧地抱着Kaylani，向前跑去，从窗户跳了出去。)”可知此时他们的选择只有跳出窗外。选项D“我可不想从窗户跳下去。”符合语境。故选D。
41．推理判断题。本文讲述了Nick Bstic遇到火灾时，勇敢地两次跑进燃烧的大楼成功地救人的故事，图片中“火灾中，一个男子抱着小女孩跳出窗户”的情景说明Bstic是如何在关键时刻救下Kaylani的。故选D。
42．A 43．A 44．B 45．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了基本科学方法包括四个步骤：观察、假设、实验和结论。
42．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了基本科学方法包括四个步骤：观察、假设、实验和结论。选项A“科学方法的四个基本步骤是如何工作的？”最能表达出文章主旨。故选A。
43．推理判断题。根据“A gd hypthesis includes three things: The explanatin fr the bservatins, it is able t be tested, and it will usually predict new utcmes r cnclusins.（一个好的假设包括三件事：对观察结果的解释，它能够被检验，它通常会预测新的结果或结论。）”可知A选项“一块糖能让恶心的胃感觉好一点。”是一个好的假设，是一个解释，且能够被检验。故选A。
44．词句猜测题。根据“The cnclusin will either clearly supprt the hypthesis r it will nt.”可知此处“it”指代前面的“The cnclusin”，表示“结论要么明确地支持假设，要么结论不支持假设”。故选B。
45．细节理解题。根据“An experiment is a test which will either challenge r supprt the hypthesis.”可知实验是一种挑战或支持假设的测试。故选C。
2022年江苏省扬州市中考英语试题
【答案】31. D32. D33. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了三种不同的湿地，不同的湿地有不同的植物和动物，而且湿地很重要，所以我们要采取行动保护湿地。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ a swamp is full f trees and bushes”可知在沼泽地里有树木和灌木。故选D。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ wetland system can als prtect shrelines, make plluted waters clean, prevent flds”可知湿地系统还可以保护海岸线、防止洪水。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Try t d yur part t prtect them right nw. Here are sme ideas”可知接下来会介绍应如何保护湿地。故选C。
【答案】34. B35. A36. C37. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了Julia的爷爷为了教导孩子如何理财，进行了一场特殊的比赛，看每个人如何花钱。通过这个比赛，孩子们明白，通过好好计划，很少的钱也可以带来意想不到的收获和惊喜，甚至可以实现自己的梦想。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Let’s have a cmpetitin t see wh can manage mney wisely”可知他是为了教导孩子如何明智地理财。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据“This made Clara and Je s angry that these tw culd n lnger keep saving their mney”可知Clara和Je非常生气，所以他们也不再坚持存钱了，故此处划线部分指代“Clara and Je”。故选A。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据“They were s successful that she managed t buy her wn vilin. Even better, she later became a very famus vilinist”可知Julia用自己的钱帮助了那个小提琴手，最后她也在那个小提琴手的帮助下获得了成功，成为了一个著名的小提琴手，由此可知有时花一点钱可以实现自己的梦想。故选C。
【37题详解】
最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了Julia的爷爷为了教导孩子如何理财，进行了一场特殊的比赛，看每个人如何花钱。通过这个比赛，孩子们明白，通过好好计划，很少的钱也可以带来意想不到的收获和惊喜，甚至可以实现自己的梦想，故文章以“一场存钱比赛”展开。故选C。
【答案】38. A39. B40. C41. B
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述作者的儿子丹尼尔和成年的朋友桑迪忘年交的经历。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Sandy just drilled ut a hle in the fence s Sandy and me can talk”可知，桑迪在篱笆挖了一个洞；根据“Daniel and Sandy nt nly keep chatting thrugh the hle, they als exchange gifts”可知，丹尼尔和桑迪通过洞交换礼物；根据“I thught maybe Daniel culd cme fr a play date”可知，桑迪邀请丹尼尔来她的庭院参加玩耍聚会；根据“A mnth later, Sandy leaves t care fr her mther in Kansas”可知，桑迪动身到堪萨斯州去照顾她的母亲。根据“One day, Daniel receives Sandy’s pstcard”可知，丹尼尔和桑迪是很好的笔友。正确顺序是dbeac。故选A。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据“We have a pleasant afternn with Sandy, my sn’s adult friend, the first friend Daniel has made n his wn”可知，作者和桑迪度过了愉快的下午，儿子的成年朋友丹尼尔是他自己交的第一位朋友，儿子和桑迪之前通过篱笆的洞进行交流，现在直接见面，已经打破了篱笆的障碍。B选项“我们穿越了篱笆的那个洞”合适。故选B。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据“he’s lking dwn at his shes”及“he cries”可知，儿子舍不得桑迪的离开，听到那个消息感到伤心。故选C。
【41题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要讲述作者的儿子丹尼尔和成年的朋友桑迪忘年交的经历。B选项“Trust and friendship can g beynd ages信任和友谊可以打破年龄的界线”可概括。故选B。
【答案】42. D43. A44. C45. B
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述中国航天科工集团有限公司的研究员研发的世界上首个机器鲸鲨的主要特点和用途。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“the wrld’s first rbt whale shark”可知，展览的是世界上第一个机器鲸鲨。故选D。
【43题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第四段“Designed and built by engineers at the Shenyang-based N 111 Factry”及第五段“Pwered by a lithium battery, it can swim, turn, flat and dive like a real shark”可知，鲸鲨是工程师设计和制作出来的，像真实的鲨一样可以游泳，转弯，漂浮和潜水。“bimimetic”表达“仿生的”。故选A。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“We have built multiple kinds f rbt fishes, and the rbtic whale shark is the largest mechanical fish we have made s far”可知，工厂已经建了很多种类的机器鱼，机器鲸是目前制作的最大的机械鱼。C选项表述准确。故选C。
【45题详解】
段落大意题。根据“Our rbts are t serve three purpses—t perfrm in aquariums fr entertainment, spread knwledge abut the sea and aquatic animals amng yungsters, and carry ut scientific tasks such as hydrlgical surveys, underwater phtgraphy and envirnmental inspectin”可知，第八段主要讲述了制作水生机器鱼的目的。故选B。
2021年江苏省扬州市中考英语试题
31．B 32．D 33．C
【分析】本文是围绕环保食品的四个问题进行了解答，分别是：吃什么会影响气候变化；哪些食物影响最大；能做出简单的食物选择吗；真的能改变我们的星球吗。
31．细节理解题。根据“plant—based fds like beans, rice, crn and wheat have the smallest influence”可知，豆类、大米、玉米和小麦等植物性食品的影响最小，故选B。
32．推理判断题。根据“heavy diet can reduce their fd—related ftprint by ne third r mre by mving t a vegan diet — n meat, dairy（乳制品）, r eggs. If yu dn’t want t g that far, just eat less meat”可知，肉食者可以通过少吃肉来减少与食物相关的碳足迹，所以D表述正确，故选D。
33．最佳标题。根据“Is it pssible t have a diet（日常饮食）that’s bth healthy and friendly t ur planet? Here are answers t yur ec-friendly fd questins”可知，本文主要通过回答四个环保食品的问题来告诉大家如何为地球吃得更好，故选C。
34．A 35．C 36．D 37．C
【分析】文章大意：本文节选自《铁路少年》，讲述了三个幸运的孩子在爸爸被捕前过着幸福的生活，爸爸被捕后，妈妈带着他们被迫搬到铁路附近乡下的故事。
34．细节理解题。根据““We’re taking the useful nes,” said Mther.”可知，妈妈认为它们是有用的，故选A。
35．推理判断题。根据“Father wrked hard in a gvernment ffice. He was never angry and always ready fr a game. Mther was almst at hme, ready t play with the children, and read t them, and help them d their hme—lessns.”父亲在政府部门辛勤工作。他从不生气，总是准备好玩游戏。妈妈快到家了，准备和孩子们一起玩，念书给他们听，帮他们做家庭功课。以及“These three lucky children always had everything they needed: pretty clthes, gd fires, a lvely playrm and a dg called James. They had a happy life,…”这三个幸运的孩子总是有他们需要的一切：漂亮的衣服，温暖的炉火，一个可爱的游戏室和一只叫詹姆斯的狗。他们过着幸福的生活，……。可知文章中描述了在爸爸离开之前，家里是什么样的，故选C。
36．推理判断题。根据“"Oh, Mther, "she whispered, "hw I lve yu! Yu are brave enugh t laugh when yu’re feeling like that!" “啊，妈妈，”她低声说，“我多么爱你！当你有这种感觉的时候，你有足够的勇气笑出来!””可以推知，妈妈很勇敢，当她难过的时候她还能保持微笑，故选D。
37．推理判断题。根据文章内容，爸爸被捕后，妈妈带着他们搬到了铁路附近的乡下，结合“At that mment they didn’t knw hw imprtant the statin and the trains wuld becme t them. They didn’t knw they were ging t be the railway children.在那一刻，他们根本不知道车站和火车对他们会有多么重要。他们不知道他们将成为铁路儿童。”可以推知，在这个故事中，孩子们将会发生一些事情。故选C。
38．C 39．D 40．B 41．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，向我们介绍Grant尽力拯救陌生人的故事。
38．推理判断题。根据“One hiker, dressed in pink, was lking ver the lip f the cliff（悬崖）with her husband.”和“Several hikers immediately started lking fr her”可推知，此处应该是描述穿粉色衣服的女士的状况，“那个穿粉红色衣服的女人不见了”符合语境，故选C。
39．推理判断题。根据“Paula was maning, almst senseless. Grant gently put her hand in his, trying t keep her mind ff the pain by keeping asking her questins”可知，Grant不停地问她问题，试图让她忘记痛苦。故选D。
40．推理判断题。根据“Paula was maning, almst senseless. Grant gently put her hand in his, trying t keep her mind ff the pain by keeping asking her questins”可知，Paula呻吟着，几乎失去了知觉；Grant轻轻地把她的手放在自己的手里，不停地问她问题，试图让她忘记痛苦。此处they指的是Paula和Grant，故选B。
41．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文向我们介绍Grant尽力拯救陌生人的故事。故选B。
42．A 43．D 44．B 45．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍意大利研究人员Arianna Pipitne和Antni Chella设计了一个能“自言自语”的机器人。
42．推理判断题。作者开篇提出问题，是为了引起读者注意，吸引读者兴趣，故选A。
43．细节理解题。根据“T explre hw inner speech might influence a rbt’s actins, the researchers built a rbt called Pepper that speaks t itself… In ne experiment, the user asked Pepper t lay the napkin at the wrng place, ging against the rules.”可知，Pepper被要求把餐巾放在错误的地方是为了研究自我对话如何影响Pepper的行为。故选D。
44．词句猜测题。分析“Thrugh Pepper’s inner vice, the user can learn Pepper was facing a difficult situatin and slved it by priritizing the user’s rder.”可知，通过Pepper的内心声音，用户可以了解到Pepper正面临着一个困难的情况，并通过优先考虑用户的要求来解决它。此处priritizing的意思是“优先考虑、处理”，故选B。
45．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，通过对Pepper的研究，后续可能会将此类机器人应用到更广泛的领域，所以推测设计师们对他们的作品感到自豪。故选A。
Nrtheast China Tiger and Lepard Natinal Park
Lcatins: Heilngjiang and Jilin prvinces
Landscapes: Muntains, hills, and valleys
Representative species: Siberian tiger, Amur lepard(豹)
Prgress: Increasing ppulatin f prtected animal species frm the year f 2015 t 2022 -Siberian tigers:27→50;
Amur lepards:42→60
Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park
Lcatins: Qinghai Prvince and Xizang Autnmus Regin
Landscapes: Glaciers, snw-capped muntains, high-altitude wetlands, deserts, alpine grasslands
Representative species: Snw lepard, Tibetan antelpe
Prgress: At present, the vegetatin cverage f the grassland in the park has been ver 60%, which is nearly 5% higher than that in 2015.
Giant Panda Natinal Park
Lcatins: Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu prvinces
Landscapes: Muntains, basins
Representative species: Giant panda, red panda
Prgress：It is prtecting ver 70% f the wild giant panda ppulatin in the cuntry. The ppulatin f prtective animals in the park — Giant pandas 50'; Sichuan takins1, 300+
Wuyishan Natinal Park
Lcatins: Fujian and Jiangxi prvinces
Landscapes: Muntains
Representative species: Chinese panglin, Cabt's tragpan
Prgress：Thrugh reasnable develpment f 10% f its area, the park has hlds its bidiversity cnservatin in 90% f its area under prtectin.
Hainan Trpical Rainfrest Natinal Park
Lcatins: Hainan Prvince
Landscapes: Muntains
Representative species: Hainan black crested gibbn
Prgress: The ppulatin f Hainan's black crested gibbn in
the wild —1970s:2 grups f 7 individuals(个体); At present: 5 grups f 36 individuals