四川省泸县第四中学2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份四川省泸县第四中学2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题（Word版附解析），共24页。试卷主要包含了请将答案正确填写在答题卡上，邀请他来中国体验等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题 95分）
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking abut?
A. A bk.B. Bill Gates.C. Cmputer technlgy.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Wh wrte this bk Business@ the Speed f Thught?
M: It was written by Bill Gates. It tells us hw cmputer technlgy can slve business prblems in new ways. It was ne f the best sellers n the New Yrk Times list.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What des the wman advise the man t d?
A. G t the ffice.B. Keep calling.C. Try nline bking.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m s sick f calling the ticket ffice! The line is always busy!
W: Why dn’t yu rder thrugh the Internet?
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Hw des the wman feel nw?
A. Wrried.B. Angry.C. Tired.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I need t hand in the final paper tmrrw, but my cmputer breaks dwn!
M: Have yu tried restarting it? If it still desn’t wrk, yu can use mine.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking abut?
A. A new measure.B. A car accident.C. City traffic.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Why are there always s many vehicles in the city?
M: Yeah. We ften get stuck in traffic jams when we g ut. I really hpe measures will be taken t imprve the situatin.
W: Me. t.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where are the speakers mst prbably?
A. In the library.B. In the z.C. In the classrm.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Different animals have different ways f cmmunicating infrmatin, sme by sund and sme by smell.
W: Yu really read a lt in the library. But I came here tday t see animals, nt t listen t yur lessn.
第二节（共15小题，每小题15分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where did Cindy grw up?
A. In England.B. In Germany.C. In Pland.
7. Why did Cindy cme t Beijing?
A. Fr study.B. Fr sightseeing.C. Fr wrk.
【答案】6. B 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hell. Cindy. Are yu English?
W: N. I’m nt. My parents are frm Pland, but they gt married in Germany and have wrked there ever since. S I grew up there.
M: Why did yu cme t Beijing?
W: I always wanted t g t study abrad. I cnsidered ging t America r China, and I finally chse China because I was really interested in Chinese culture.
M: Hw lng have yu been in this city?
W: Fr almst 10 mnths. I’m really enjying my time here.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What type f tea des the wman prefer?
A. Brwn tea.B. Green tea.C. Flwer tea.
9. Hw will the man make the payment?
A. In cash.B. By cellphne.C. By credit card.
【答案】8. A 9. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Are yu ready t g shpping?
M: Just a few minutes. I need t make a list f the things that we need.
W: Gd idea. Have yu written dwn tea, eggs and ptates?
M: Right, I almst frget the ptates. What kind f tea d yu prefer? Green tea r flwer tea?
W: I’m mre int brwn tea.
M: I see. Dne.
W: D yu bring enugh mney?
M: We dn’t need cash r credit card, hney. Almst all the payments can be dne by just a cellphne here in China. Remember?
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What des the man suggest the wman d abut her bk?
A. Call a publisher.
B. Advertise it herself.
C. Ask their teacher fr advice.
11. Hw many pages des the wman’s bk have?
A. Abut 200.B. Abut 350.C. Abut 700.
12. What will the wman give the man t read?
A. A digital cpy.B. A printed cpy.C. A handwritten cpy.
【答案】10. C 11. B 12. A
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m trying t get a bk published, but I dn’t knw hw t begin. Shuld I call a publisher r try t advertise it myself?
M: Maybe yu shuld ask Mr Wyatt. He knws a lt abut the bk industry.
W: Gd idea! I always lved his English classes. He’s the reasn that I started writing!
M: I’d like t read yur bk smetime thugh. Hw lng is it? I usually just read bks that are less than 200 pages. Remember that bk Ulysses which we read in Mr Wyatt’s class?That is ver 700 pages!
W: Oh yeah, that tk frever t read. My bk is nt as thick as that. It’s prbably abut half that lng.I wn’t have an actually printed bk t give yu, at least in a few mre mnths. The nly things I have are cmputer files and my handwritten cpies.
M: Can yu just give me a cmputer file?
W: Yes. I’ll d that right away. Please give me yur hnest pinin, after yu finish reading it. It is the nly way I can get better.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. What were the speakers ding?
A. Wrking.B. Shpping.C. Having a meeting.
14. What will the wman d at 5:00?
A. Attend a meeting.B. Visit her brther.C. G t Newtwn.
15. When will the wman prbably get back hme?
A. At 7:00.B. At 8:00.C. At 10:00.
16. What is the man’s pinin abut the new wrking place?
A. It is far.B. His ffice is small.C. The traffic is heavy.
【答案】13. B 14. A 15. B 16. A
【解析】
【原文】W: It’s really hard wrk! I’m glad it’s ver. D yu want t g hme nw?
M: Yes, I think I’ll take the things we bught hme.
W: Okay. I’ll g t the ffice. I’ve gt lts t d.
M: I’d better hurry. My brther’s waiting at the huse t help carry these things in.
W: I hpe he’ll still be there when I get hme. I haven’t seen yur brther fr ages. N, wait, I frgt t tell yu. I’ll be late hme tnight. I’ve gt a meeting at 5 ’clck.
M: When d yu think it will end?
W: I’m nt sure. At least tw hurs. Still, I shuld be hme at eight.
M: Okay. It’s nice nw that yur ffice is in City Square. Yu dn’t have t travel very far at all.
W: But yu’ll never see hw terrible the traffic is in the rush hur.
M: I’m ging t the new branch f my cmpany in Newtwn tmrrw, but I’m nt lking frward t it. It is in a quiet place and my ffice is much mre spacius than the ld ne, but I have t travel tw hurs n the train.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Why is the babab tree thught t be strange-lking?
A. Its trunk smetimes measures mre than ten metres in diameter.
B. Its trunk is thicker at the tp than at the bttm.
C. Its branches near the tp are lnger than thse near the grund.
18. Which part f a babab tree can be used t make rpes?
A. Its leaves.B. Its trunk.C. Its skin f the tree.
19. Which f the statements abut the babab tree is crrect?
A. Its empty trunk can be used by peple t build everything.
B. Its flwers can turn int a kind f cucumber.
C. Its leaves and branches can keep the rain water cl and clean.
20. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr this text?
A. The babab — unusual but useful
B. The babab — a tree that peple can make gd use f
C. The babab — a strange tree that can make rpes
【答案】17. B 18. C 19. C 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: In West Africa and Australia, there exists an unusual tree called the babab. It’s a strange-lking tree. Its huge trunk smetimes measures as much as ten metres in diameter. It is thicker at the bttm than at the tp. The branches near the grund are very lng;thse near the tp are very shrt. It may lk strange, but it is extremely useful. Its leaves are gd fr eating. Its white flwers turn int cl, juicy fruits which taste rather like cucumbers. There are such strng fibres in the skin f the trunk that peple can make rpe and clth frm them. When a babab gets ld, its trunk becmes empty inside. An ld tree’s empty inside space can be huge enugh t hld many peple. The lcal peple even build their huses inside these trunks. When it rains, water cllects in the trunk and remains cl and fresh because f such a lt f leaves and branches.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
It’s time t share the winners f this year’s Invent It Challenge! Here are ur fur winners f the first rund!
Gl Zne (Ages 5-7 Individual Winner)
Kabir frm Califrnia came up with this cl inventin after a nt-s-fun experience. He was hit by fur adults n a ski trip! T make skiing and snwbarding safe fr nighttime (especially fr smaller kids)， he created Gl Zne，a fun glwing(发光的)rainbw umbrella that is attached t skiers’ helmets.
PrTech Helmet (Ages 11-13 Individual Winner)
Pja frm New Jersey has created a light, safe helmet designed fr playing frisbee (飞盘)!She came up with the idea after getting hit right under the eye at a frisbee cmpetitin and realizing she culd get blinded if it were any higher. The PrTech Helmet has a lining(衬里) made f a new technlgy called Spin.
Ace Attachment (Ages 8-10 Team Winner)
Levi and Albert frm New Yrk dealt with helping peple with disabilities enjy sprts. The Ace Attachment makes it easier fr wheelchair users t play glf. Unlike similar inventins, the Ace Attachment is easily adjustable.
Skate Shes “DOOD” (Ages 14+ Individual Winner)
It’s the wrst when yu ruin yur favrite pair f shes! Frtunately, Rmmel frm Mexic has cme up with new skate shes. These shes have exchangeable parts that allw pieces f the shes t be replaced with new nes when brken instead f getting rid f the whle pair.
Cast yur vte!
Which f these fantastic inventins will yu chse t win the Cricket Chice Award? While they are all utstanding, nly ne can win the ppular vte! Cast yur vte here by May 16!
21. What d Kabir’s and Pja’s inventins have in cmmn?
A. They are new-type helmets.
B. They are targeted at the same sprt.
C. They are designed fr teenagers f the same age grup.
D. They are inspired by the inventrs’ experience f getting hit.
22. What is special abut Rmmel’s inventin?
A. It is disability-friendly.
B. It features replaceable parts.
C. It invlves a new technlgy called Spin.
D. It enables wheelchair users t enjy sprts.
23. What is this text?
A. A shrt stry abut yung inventrs.B. An intrductin t a cmpetitin.
C. An award vting invitatin.D. A winner annuncement.
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Invent It Challenge竞赛的投票活动。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Gl Zne部分中的“Kabir frm Califrnia came up with this cl inventin after a nt-s-fun experience. He was hit by fur adults n a ski trip! (来自加利福尼亚州的Kabir在经历了一次不那么有趣的经历后，想出了这个很酷的发明。他在一次滑雪旅行中被四个成年人撞倒了！)”和PrTech Helmet部分中的“She came up with the idea after getting hit right under the eye at a frisbee cmpetitin and realizing she culd get blinded if it were any higher. (她在一次飞盘比赛中被击中眼睛下方，意识到如果再高的话，她可能会失明，于是想出了这个主意。)”可知，Kabir和Pja的发明是源于他们被撞或被击中的经历。故选D项。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据Skate Shes“DOOD”部分中的“These shes have exchangeable parts that allw pieces f the shes t be replaced with new nes when brken instead f getting rid f the whle pair.(这些鞋子有可更换的部件，当鞋子坏了时，可以用新的来代替，而不是把整双都扔掉。)”可知，Rmmel发明的溜冰鞋坏了之后不用扔掉整双鞋，只要替换零件就可以，所以它具有可更换的部件。故选B项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据Cast yur vte!部分中的内容“Which f these fantastic inventins will yu chse t win the Cricket Chice Award? While they are all utstanding, nly ne can win the ppular vte! Cast yur vte here by May 16!(你会选择这些神奇的发明中的哪一项来获得Cricket Chice Award？虽然他们都很出色，但只有一个人能赢得普选！5月16日前在这里投票！)”可知，本文是一个竞赛奖项的投票活动。故选C项。
B
China is a land f bicycles. At least it was back in 1992 when I traveled the cuntry. Back then everyne seemed t be riding a bicycle. Millins f them, all black. Cars were rare. Yet since my arrival in Beijing last year, I’ve fund the ppsite is true. There are millins f cars. Hwever, peple still use their bicycles t get arund. Fr many, it’s the easiest and cheapest way t travel tday. Bicycles als cme in different clrs --- silver, green, red, blue, yellw, whatever yu want.
It’s fun watching peple biking. They rush quickly thrugh crssrads, mve skillfully thrugh traffic, and ride even n sidewalks. Bicycles allw peple the freedm t mve abut that cars just can’t prvide.
Eager t be part f this aspect f Chinese culture, I decided t buy a bicycle. Great weather accmpanied my great buy. I immediately jumped up n my bicycle seat and started hme.
My first ride hme was rderly (守秩序的). T be safe, I stayed with a “pack” f bikers while cars n the streets came running swiftly ut f nwhere at times. I didn’t want t get hit. S I tk the ride carefully.
Crssing the streets was the biggest prblem. It was a lt like crssing a majr highway back in the United States. The streets here were wide, s crssing tk time, skill and a little bit f luck.
I finally made it hme. The feeling n the bicycle was amazing. The air hitting my face and ging thrugh my hair was wnderful. I was sitting n tp f the wrld as I passed by places and peple. Biking made me feel alive.
24. Accrding t the authr, why are bicycles still ppular in China tday?
A. Because they are traditinal and safe.
B. Because they are cnvenient and inexpensive.
C. Because they are clrful and available.
D. Because they are fast and envirnment friendly.
25. The authr decided t buy a bicycle because he intended __________.
A. t ride it fr funB. t use it fr transprt
C. t experience lcal cultureD. t imprve his riding skills
26. Hw did the authr feel abut his street crssing？
A. It was bring.B. It was difficult.
C. It was lively.D. It was wnderful.
27. Which f the fllwing best describes the authr’s biking experience
A. The authr enjyed shwing ff his biking skills.
B. The authr was annyed by the air while riding.
C. The authr was praised by the ther bikers.
D. The authr tk great pleasure in biking.
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为记叙文。中国在过去是自行车的王国，而现在仍然有很多人喜欢骑自行车出行，因为这种交通方式方便、省钱。为了融入这种文化，“我”也买了一辆自行车。但是在回家途中，发现骑车过街是最大的问题，需要时间、技巧和一点儿运气。但是骑行经历让“我”觉得很愉快、很有趣。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的Fr many，it’s the easiest and cheapest way t travel tday.可知，自行车如今仍然很受欢迎，是因为它的便捷和经济。根据倒数第二段 I didn't want t get hit. S I tk the ride carefully. 和倒数第三段 s crssing tk time, skill and a little bit f luck.的叙述可知，骑自行车并不安全，速度也不是很快，故A项和D项错误；文章虽然提到了自行车的颜色多种多样，但这并不是它受欢迎的原因，故C项错误，故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话Eager t be part f this aspect f Chinese culture...可知，作者购买自行车是因为迫切地想融入中国的这种文化之中，故C项正确。作者在有了骑行经历之后才发现了其中的乐趣，故A项错误；文章并未提到作者购买自行车是为了作为交通工具或者提高骑行技术，故排除B项和D项，故选C。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的叙述Crssing the streets was the biggest prblem.s crssing tk time, skill and a little bit f luck可知，骑车过街是最大的问题，需要时间、技巧和运气，因此作者认为骑车过街非常困难故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段The feeling n the bicycle was amazing. The air was hitting my face and ging thrugh my hair. I was sitting n tp f the wrld as I passed by places and peple. 可知，空气吹拂脸颊和头发感觉很美妙，骑行时就像坐在了世界的顶端，骑自行车使作者觉得充满了活力。由此可判断出，作者觉得骑自行车很有乐趣，故D项正确。A项意为“作者喜欢炫耀自己的骑行技术”；B项意为“作者很讨厌骑行时的空气”；C项意为“作者被其他骑行人员赞扬了”，均与文章内容不符，故选D。
C
At the beginning f Grade Tw, I jined the crss-cuntry running team in ur schl.
When I came t the first practice, I was filled with ptimism. But as the distance we ran in each practice gradually increased frm three t fur, t six miles, I realized with surprise that n matter hw hard I tried, I wasn’t able t run as fast as thers. In fact, I was ne f the slwest n the team.
What was the pint f putting myself thrugh s much pain? After the first few weeks, I wanted t quit.
Then we had ur first crss-cuntry meet.
When we started the race, I felt the great pressure f expectatins sink nt my shulders. And after a while I stpped running and struggled t walk up the hill. But then I heard my caches shuting my name frm the tp f the hill. I felt cnfused and embarrassed; why were they cheering fr me? I was running terribly! As I tried my best t finish the race, I realized that my caches didn’t care hw fast I ran. Neither did my teammates. During the rest f the seasn, they were always n the sidelines f every race, cheering fr me just as ludly as they’d cheered fr the frnt runner.
Frm then n, I began t put my effrt int supprting my teammates instead f fcusing n my wn perfrmance. In that way, I celebrated my teammates’ victries as if they were my wn; I felt their pain and exhaustin as if they were my wn.
Crss-cuntry running made me realize I dn’t need t be the best t be successful in life. It taught me t value my relatinships with peple mre than my relatinship with my eg. It taught me t cheer fr thers even if I dn’t knw their names.
28. Why did the authr want t give up after the first few weeks?
A. He had much pain in his knees.
B. He didn’t perfrm well in lng-distance running.
C. He culdn’t get alng well with thers
D. He shwed n interest in running.
29. Which f the fllwing can best describe the caches?
A. Strict and hard-hearted.B. Brave and adventurus.
C. Cnsiderate and supprtive.D. Optimistic and humrus.
30. What did the authr happen t change after his first crss-cuntry race?
A. He lst himself in victries
B. He put mre effrt int his study
C. He received mre supprt frm his caches
D. He started caring abut his teammates
31. . What did the authr realize frm his experience?
A. The imprtance f team spiritB. The value f cmpetitin
C. The secret f winning a raceD. The benefits f ding sprts
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在二年级时加入了学校的越野跑团队，发现自己跑得很慢，想要退出。然而，在第一次的比赛中，教练和队友们不管自己跑得快慢都为自己欢呼加油，这使得作者意识到成功并不需要成为最好的，重要的是珍惜人际关系。这一经历教会了作者关心和为他人加油。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“But as the distance we ran in each practice gradually increased frm three t fur, t six miles, I realized with surprise that n matter hw hard I tried, I wasn't able t run as fast as thers. In fact, I was ne f the slwest n the team.(但随着我们每次练习的距离逐渐从三英里增加到四英里，再到六英里，我惊讶地意识到，无论我多么努力，我都不能跑得和别人一样快。事实上，我是队里最慢的一个)”以及第三段“What was the pint f putting myself thrugh s much pain? After the first few weeks, I wanted t quit.(让自己经历这么多痛苦有什么意义？开始几周后，我就想放弃了)”可知，作者在开始几周后就想放弃，是因为自己在长跑中表现不好。故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“But then I heard my caches shuting my name frm the tp f the hill. I felt cnfused and embarrassed; why were they cheering fr me? I was running terribly! As I tried my best t finish the race, I realized that my caches didn't care hw fast I ran. Neither did my teammates. During the rest f the seasn, they were always n the sidelines f every race, cheering fr me just as ludly as they'd cheered fr the frnt runner.(但我听到我的教练在山顶喊我的名字。我感到困惑和尴尬，他们为什么为我欢呼？我跑得很糟糕！当我竭尽全力完成比赛时，我意识到我的教练并不在乎我跑得有多快。我的队友也没有。在赛季剩下的时间里，他们总是在每场比赛的边线上为我欢呼，就像他们为领先者欢呼一样大声)”可推知，这些教练体贴和乐于给予他人支持。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Frm then n, I began t put my effrt int supprting my teammates instead f fcusing n my wn perfrmance.(从那时起，我开始努力支持我的队友，而不是关注我自己的表现)”可知，在他的第一次越野比赛后，作者开始关心他的队友。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Crss-cuntry running made me realize I dn’t need t be the best t be successful in life. It taught me t value my relatinships with peple mre than my relatinship with my eg. It taught me t cheer fr thers even if I dn't knw their names.(越野跑步让我意识到，要想在人生中取得成功，我并不需要成为最好的人。它教会我珍惜与人的关系，而不是与自我的关系。它教会了我为别人喝彩，即使我不知道他们的名字。)”可知，作者从他的经历中意识到了团队精神的重要性。故选A。
D
Jhns Hpkins University researchers discvered precisely hw spiders (蜘蛛) build webs in the dark. Their creatin f a web-building playbk brings new understanding f hw creatures with small brains are able t create elegant and cmplex structures.
Web-building spiders, which build blindly using nly the sense f tuch, have attracted humans fr centuries. “The first step t understanding that is t study the behavirs and skills invlved,” said Andrew Grdus, a Jhns Hpkins behaviral bilgist, “But until nw it has never been dne, mainly because f the challenge f detecting and recrding the actins.”
His team studied a spider native t the western United States. T bserve the spiders during their nighttime web-building wrk, the lab designed a stage with infrared (红外线的) cameras and infrared lights. They mnitred and recrded six spiders every night and tracked millins f individual leg actins. “Even if yu vide recrd it, that's a lt f legs t track,”said lead authr Abel Crver. “It's just t much t g thrugh every frame (帧) and mark the leg pints by hand s we trained machine visin sftware t detect the actins f the spider, frame by frame, s that we culd recrd everything the legs d t build an entire web.”
They fund that web-making behavirs are s similar acrss spiders that the researchers were able t predict the part f a web a spider was wrking n just frm seeing the psitin f a leg. “Even if the final structure is a little different, the rules they use t build the web are the same,” Grdus said, “which cnfirms the rules are in their brains.”
Future wrk fr the lab includes experiments with drugs t determine which circuits (回路) in the spider's brain are respnsible fr the varius stages f web-building. Crver said, “This wrk culd help us understand larger brain systems, including humans.”
32. What was the challenge in the previus studies n spiders' web-building?
A. Testing spiders' brains.
B. Tracking spiders' actins.
C. Observing spiders' webs at night.
D Imprving spiders' sense f tuch.
33. What is a crucial step in the study led by Grdus?
A. Relying n the aid f special sftware.
B. Mnitring the safety f spiders.
C. Cmparing varieties f spider webs.
D. Designing a set f infrared cameras.
34. What is cntained in the future study accrding t paragraph 5?
A. The envirnment fr humans.
B. The behavir f varius spiders.
C. The drug fr brain diseases.
D. The brain system f spiders.
35. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Spiders, Elegant Creatures
B. Small Brains, Amazing Skills
C. Spiders' Web Secrets Uncvered
D. Spiders' Web-building Ability Develped
【答案】32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要约翰·霍普金斯大学的研究人员精确地发现了蜘蛛在黑暗中是如何结网的。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘The first step t understanding that is t study the behavirs and skills invlved,’ said Andrew Grdus, a Jhns Hpkins behaviral bilgist, ‘But until nw it has never been dne, mainly because f the challenge f detecting and recrding the actins.’”(约翰霍普金斯大学行为生物学家Andrew Grdus说，“理解这一点的第一步就是要研究相关的行为和技能，但迄今为止还没有人做到这一点，主要是因为检测和记录行为具有挑战性。”)可知，在以前蜘蛛织网的研究中，跟踪蜘蛛的行为是一项挑战，故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It's just t much t g thrugh every frame (帧) and mark the leg pints by hand s we trained machine visin sftware t detect the actins f the spider, frame by frame, s that we culd recrd everything the legs d t build an entire web.”(每一帧都要仔细检查，手工标记腿部位置，这太难了，所以我们培训研究人员使用机器视觉软件，一帧一帧地检测蜘蛛的动作，这样我们就可以记录腿部所做的一切，来构建一个完整的网。)可知，依靠特殊软件的帮助是Grdus领导的这项研究的关键步骤，故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Future wrk fr the lab includes experiments with drugs t determine which circuits (回路) in the spider's brain are respnsible fr the varius stages f web-building.”(该实验室未来的工作包括用药物进行实验，以确定蜘蛛大脑中的哪些回路负责蜘蛛网形成的各个阶段。)可知，未来会对蜘蛛的大脑系统进行研究，故选D。
4.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Jhns Hpkins University researchers discvered precisely hw spiders (蜘蛛) build webs in the dark. Their creatin f a web-building playbk brings new understanding f hw creatures with small brains are able t create elegant and cmplex structures.”(约翰·霍普金斯大学的研究人员精确地发现了蜘蛛在黑暗中是如何结网的。它们织的网，使人们对这些有小脑袋的生物如何能够创造出优雅而复杂的结构有了新的理解。)可知，文章主要介绍了约翰·霍普金斯大学的研究人员精确地发现了蜘蛛在黑暗中是如何结网的，所以C选项“Spiders' Web Secrets Uncvered”(蜘蛛网的秘密被发现)适合做文章标题，故选C。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Becming Refreshed withut sleeping
Smetimes there is just nt enugh hurs in the day t get everything dne and get a gd night’s rest.___36___ Once in a while yu can get away with a sleepless night and still feel reasnably gd by adjusting yur meals and activities.
____37____ The last thing yu want t d when yu are tired is get warm and czy, this will cause yu t fall asleep. Keeping the air cnditiner n will make yu feel much mre alert and refreshed.
Eat small amunts. Eating small amunts f healthy fd will help refresh yu. Fruit and nuts are a gd chice because they are nutritius and will energize yu ___38___Try t stick t lw carbn meals t keep yu ging. Chewing gum after yur snack r small meal will als help keep yu awake.
Keep it bright. When it is dark yur bdy thinks it is time t g t sleep. Turn n lts f lights, which will trick yur bdy int waking up and feeling better. ___39___ Yu get duble the benefits if it is daytime.
Take a break. Taking a little break will help yu in the lng run. Turn up sme energizing music t get yurself psitive. Relax and talk t a friend in persn r n the phne fr a few minutes.___40___
A. Keep it cl
B. Calm dwn and sleep
C. Avid big, heavy meals as they will make yu tired
D. Ging utside whether it is day r night fr sme fresh air
E. Missing sleep regularly can make yu sick and shuld be avided
F. When yu are tired, yu may just want t sit arund and d nthing
G. Having a gd time fr a few minutes will refresh yu quicker than anything else.
【答案】36. E 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. G
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。介绍不睡觉使你精神焕发的方法。
【36题详解】
根据上句：有时候，一天中没有足够时间来完成每件事，并得到一个好的睡眠。再根据空格下句：偶尔你也能度过一个不眠之夜，并通过调整你的饮食和活动仍然感觉不错。可知前面说到nt enugh hurs in the day一天没有足够时间睡好，下面要说经常这样缺觉的后果，此空要表达的意思是”经常失眠会使你生病，应该避免”。故选E。
【37题详解】
此空相当于一个小标题。根据小标题的特点和下文每段句首，可知此空应该是一个祈使句，在A/B/C三个选项中选择。再根据下文：保持空调开着会让你感到更加清醒和精神振奋。可知A. Keep it cl.符合题意。故选A。
【38题详解】
根据上文：建议吃少量的食物。吃少量的健康食品有助于恢复体力。再根据空格下句：试着坚持低碳饮食来保持健康。可知此空是在说明吃太多的坏处，它们会使你疲劳。big, heavy meals和small amunts是反义词，故选C。
【39题详解】
根据上文：当天黑的时候，身体会认为该睡了。把灯打开，这会让你的身体清醒过来，感觉更好。再根据空格下句：如果是白天，你会得到双倍的福利。得知这是在说前面的行为带来的好处，建议我们：无论是白天还是晚上，到外面去呼吸新鲜空气。故选D。
【40题详解】
根据上文：从长远来看，稍微休息一下对你有好处。打开一些充满活力的音乐让自己积极向上。放松一下，与朋友当面或电话交谈几分钟。可知前面建议做的事情都是休息一会儿，开心几分钟会，这样做比任何事情都能让你更快地恢复体力。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Derlin Newey, an 89-year-ld pizza delivery driver was in disbelief when the Valdez Family visited him. The lcal TV statin was there t ____41____ the mment. “I dn’t knw what t say,” said Newey as he ____42____ tears f jy. Newey delivers ____43____ fr thers, abut 30 hurs a week. He said he culdn’t live merely n scial security.
____44____ being a delivery driver, Newey is als a rising TikTk star thanks t sme lyal ____45____ inspired by his kindness.
The Valdez Family always ask fr him when ____46____ pizza and started recrding his deliveries as TikTk vides n their channel@vendingheads. “It’s unbelievable. Everybdy ____47____ him,” said Carls Valdez. The Valdez Family claimed his signature phrase with each ____48____ was, “Hell, are yu lking fr sme pizza?”
With mre than 53,000 fllwers, they ften gt cmments asking why Newey was delivering pizzas at his ____49____. The Valdez Family decided t use their platfrm fr sme gd. They asked their fllwers t make a ____50____ t help Newey, and they were quickly able t raise $12,000. They presented a signed check t him as a gift frm his “TikTk Family.”
Newey didn’t even knw what TikTk was, but was ____51____ fr the unexpected blessing. The Valdez Family said that the ____52____ culdn’t have gne any better. “We just need t treat peple with ____53____ and respect the way he des. He ____54____ ur heart,” said Valdez.
And if the cash wasn’t enugh, the Valdez Family ____55____ the surprise with a T-shirt that read, “Hell, are yu lking fr sme pizza?”
41. A. interviewB. witnessC. advcateD. call
42. A. held backB. mved nC. cleaned upD. wiped ut
43. A. fruitB. mealsC. pizzasD. water
44. A. ExceptB. DespiteC. BeyndD. Besides
45. A. artistsB. teenagersC. parentsD. custmers
46. A. pickingB. rderingC. selectingD. eating
47. A. admiresB. dislikesC. hatesD. recgnizes
48. A. lunchB. assignmentC. deliveryD. jb
49. A. numberB. huseC. ageD. time
50. A. partB. dnatinC. listD. meeting
51. A. usefulB. helpfulC. hpefulD. grateful
52. A. infrmatinB. surpriseC. newsD. article
53. A. kindnessB. sadnessC. eagernessD. happiness
54. A. drveB. stleC. brkeD. lent
55 A. exchangedB. encunteredC. sweetenedD. detected
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. C 50. B 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. B 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了89岁的老人纽伊坚持不靠社区救济生活，坚持送披萨养活自己。他在TikTk上走红，获得了很多人的喜爱和关心。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地电视台见证了这一时刻。A. interview采访；B. witness见证；C. advcate提倡；D. call打电话。根据空前“The lcal TV statin ”可知，当地电视台在那里见证了这一时刻。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我不知道说什么好了，”纽伊说着，忍住了高兴的眼泪。A. held back抑制；B. mved n继续；C. cleaned up清理；D. wiped ut精疲力尽的。根据空后“tears f jy”可知，此处是指纽伊忍住了高兴的眼泪。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：纽伊为Papa Jhn送披萨，每周大约30个小时。A. fruit水果；B. meals膳食；C. pizzas披萨；D. water水。根据下文“The Valdez family always ask fr him when ___6___ pizza and started recrding his deliveries as TikTk vides n their channel @vendingheads.”可知，Papa Jhn是一家披萨店，所以纽伊为其送披萨。故选C项。
【44题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：除了是一名外卖司机，纽伊也是一颗冉然升起的TikTk明星，这要归功于一些被他的善良所激励的忠实顾客。A. Except除了；B. Despite即使；C. Beynd在(或向)更远处；D. Besides除……外。根据空后“Newey is als a rising TikTk star”可知，此处指除了外卖司机以外的另一个工作。故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了是一名外卖司机，纽伊也是一颗冉然升起的TikTk明星，这要归功于一些被他的善良所激励的忠实顾客。A. artists艺术家；B. teenagers青少年；C. parents父母；D. custmers顾客。根据下文“The Valdez family always ask fr him when ___6___ pizza and started recrding his deliveries as TikTk vides n their channel @vendingheads.”可知，瓦尔迪兹一家在点披萨的时候总是会让他送，并开始在他们@vendingheads频道上用TikTk视频记录他的递送。由此可知，他的善良激励了很多忠实顾客，并在TikTk上走红。故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：瓦尔迪兹一家在点披萨的时候总是会让他送，并开始在他们的@vendingheads频道上用TikTk视频记录他的外卖。A. picking挑选，采摘；B. rdering订购，点餐；C. selecting挑选；D. eating吃。根据空后“started recrding his deliveries”可知，此处是指瓦尔迪兹一家在点披萨的时候总是会让他送。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人都喜欢他。A. admires赞赏；B. dislikes讨厌；C. hates讨厌；D. recgnizes认出。根据上文“Newey is als a rising TikTk star”可知，每个人都喜欢他。故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人声称，他每次送外卖的标志性句子都是：“你好，你在找披萨吗?”A. lunch午饭；B. assignment分配；C. delivery递送；D. jb工作。根据空后“Hell, are yu lking fr sme pizza?”可知，此处是指他每次送外卖的标志性句子。故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：纽伊有超过5. 3万名粉丝，他们经常会发送评论，问他为什么要在这个年纪送披萨。A. number数字；B. huse房屋；C. age年龄；D. time时间。根据上文“Derlin Newey, an 89-year-ld pizza delivery driver was in disbelief when the Valdez family visited him.”可知，89岁的披萨外卖司机德林·纽伊在瓦尔德斯的家人来看望他时感到难以置信。由此可知，德林·纽伊在年龄很大时送披萨，这是不常见的事，所以人们会问。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们请求粉丝们为纽伊捐款，很快就筹集到了1. 2万美元。A. part部分；B. dnatin捐款；C. list清单；D. meeting会议。根据空后“they were quickly able t raise $12,000”可知，他们请求粉丝们为纽伊捐款。故选B项。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：纽伊甚至不知道 TikTk是什么，但很感激这个意想不到的祝福。A. useful有用的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. hpeful有希望的；D. grateful感激的。根据上文“the unexpected blessing”可知，此处是指纽伊对此很感激。故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：瓦尔迪兹的家人表示，这个惊喜实在是太好了。A. infrmatin信息；B. surprise惊喜；C. news新闻；D. article文章。根据上文“the unexpected blessing”可知，这是一个惊喜。故选B项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们只需要像他那样善待他人，尊重他人。A. kindness友善；B. sadness伤心；C. eagerness热切；D. happiness快乐。and表示前后词义相近，和 respect相近的是“友善”。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们只需要像他那样善待他人，尊重他人。他偷走了我们的心，”Valdez说。A. drve驾驶；B. stle盗窃；C. brke破坏；D. lent借给。根据上文“Newey is als a rising TikTk star”可知，Newey有很多粉丝，这是一种比喻说法，说明Newey很受欢迎好比偷走了粉丝的心。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果现金不够，瓦尔迪兹一家会用一件T恤衫来增加惊喜，T恤上写着：“你好，你在找披萨吗？”A. exchanged交换；B. encuntered偶遇；C. sweetened使更合心意；D. detected检测。根据上文“The Valdez Family claimed his signature phrase with each 8 was, “Hell, are yu lking fr sme pizza?””可知，如果现金还不够给他幸福的话，这家人还会增加一句使他开心的“你好，你在找披萨吗？”。故选C项。
第II卷（非选择题55分）
第二节（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Once, there lived a pr man in a small village. He was very clever but didn’t want ______56______ (wrk) at all. He lived n ______57______ the villagers gave him every day. One day, he gt a basket f eggs ______58______ a kind lady. He began t think that he wuld save the eggs until they were in shrt supply. Then he culd earn a small amunt f mney by ______59______ (sell) them at a very gd price. And then he wuld buy a cuple f gats. Very sn, he wuld have ______60______ large grup f gats. The gat milk wuld bring him much mre mney. With the mney, he wuld buy a cw. ______61______ (it) milk wuld bring him a lt f mney. He wuld becme much______62______ (rich): build a big huse and marry a pretty wman. They wuld have a lt f______63______ (child). While he was lst in thught, ______64______ (luck), he fell ver a stne and all the eggs drpped nt the grund. He was very sad. That_______65_______ (bring) an end t the man’s beautiful dream.
【答案】56. t wrk
57. what 58. frm
59. selling
60. a 61. Its
62. richer 63. children
64. unluckily
65. brught
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。从前，在一个村子里住着一个穷人，他很聪明，但是不愿意工作，依靠村民的接济过活。有一天他得到了一篮子鸡蛋，于是做起了用鸡蛋发财的美梦，但是鸡蛋不小心打碎了，美梦就此结束。
【56题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：他很聪明，但根本不想工作。want t d意为“想要做某事”，此处用t d不定式作宾语。故填t wrk。
【57题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：他每天靠村民给他的东西生活。“ 2 the villagers gave him”是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，结合句意，表示“(村民给他的)东西”，应用连接代词what引导该从句。故填what。
【58题详解】
考查介词。句意：一天，他从一位好心的女士那里得到了一篮子鸡蛋。根据句意，“a kind lady”是鸡蛋的来源，所以应用介词frm表示“来自”。故填frm。
【59题详解】
考查动名词。句意：然后，他就可以以很好的价格出售它们，赚一小笔钱。在介词by后应用动名词作宾语。故填selling。
【60题详解】
考查冠词。句意：很快，他就会有一大群山羊。可数名词grup在句中表示“一大群山羊”，泛指，fact发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
【61题详解】
考查代词。句意：它的奶会给他带来很多钱。根据句意，提示词在句中作定语，修饰名词milk，应用形容词性物主代词。故填Its。
【62题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：他会变得更富有：盖一所大房子，娶一个漂亮女人。根据上文可知，他梦想着这一篮子鸡蛋会给他带来巨大财富，与之前相比，他会变得更富有，应使用比较级形式richer。故填richer。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：他们会有很多孩子。child意为“孩子”，为可数名词，在a lt f 应用复数形式。故填children。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：当他陷入沉思时，不幸的是，他摔倒在一块石头上，所有的鸡蛋都掉到了地上。根据“he fell ver a stne and all the eggs drpped nt the grund”可知，此处是指发生了不幸的事情，且修饰句子应用副词作状语，所以应用副词unluckily表示“不幸的是”。故填unluckily。
【65题详解】
考查时态。句意：这个男人的美梦就此结束。提示是句中谓语动词，根据上文可知，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填brught。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华。你的外国朋友Smith对中国饮食文化很感兴趣。新年临近，他写信向你了解新年的传统食物，请你给他写一封回信。内容包括：
1．年夜饭经典的食物;
2．食物的寓意;
3．邀请他来中国体验。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右(开头已给出，不计入总词数);
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答;
参考词汇：年夜饭 family reunin dinner
Dear Mr. Smith,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,
I am very glad t hear frm yu and delighted t knw that yu are interested in Chinese fd.
During the Spring Festival, it’s a traditin fr families t get tgether and have a family reunin dinner. Hwever, the fd custms vary frm place t place. In nrthern China, dumplings are the typical fd, which represent change and gd luck. In cntrast, in the suthern part, it’s a great time t eat tangyuan. They are sticky rice balls with different fillings. Tangyuan sunds like tuanyuan in Chinese, which means “family reunin”.
I sincerely invite yu t cme t China t experience ur family reunin dinner. I bet it will be an unfrgettable experience fr yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文写作。要求考生给外国朋友Smith写一封回信，给他介绍新年的传统食物。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：glad→pleased
不同：vary→differ
好运：luck→frtune
真诚地：sincerely→hnestly
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：During the Spring Festival, it’s a traditin fr families t get tgether and have a family reunin dinner.
拓展句：During the Spring Festival, it’s a traditin fr families，which is t get tgether and have a family reunin dinner.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I am very glad t hear frm yu and delighted t knw that yu are interested in Chinese fd.(that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]In nrthern China, dumplings are the typical fd, which represent change and gd luck.(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）读后续写
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Once, my uncle brught hme a cute little baby parrt. At first, I and my cusins were a little scared, because we didn’t knw hw t handle that little tender baby. My aunt eventually helped us ut. She tk it and kept it just as her baby. She fed it, she gave it ccasinal shwers and eventually we became quite cmfrtable with it. Nw there was anther dilemma (困境) that we had — as we were nt really aware f its gender (性别) we were unable t decide a name fr the parrt. S finally my mm called it Mitthu. We agreed.
As it was grwing, its wings started grwing lng, but my family was t pssessive (占有欲强的) and caring twards Mitthu that they trimmed (修剪) its wings. They said if it flew, it wuldn’t be able t survive utside.
As time went by, we grew, s did had by nw started talking quite a was amazed by the way my aunt cared fr it. She fed it anything and everything they had befre eating. Mitthu was never kept in a cage frm the is still nt kept in a eage... at first its wings were trimmed t prtect nw as it has grwn quite a lt, even its wings are nt trimmed...
I smetimes wnder, it has the whle sky t fly, it is neither in a cage nr its wings are trimmed, then why isn’t it flying at all? Maybe it is nw quite attached t us and desn’t want t leave us, r maybe it desn’t want t leave this cmfrtable life and g away and face the hard reality f life. The answer may be anything, depending n hw we view the situatin.
But as I grew lder, I realized that the life f Mitthu is nt really very different frm that f mine. I was cared t and thus was prtected frm really getting alng with utside wrld. I made my huse my wrld, just as it was taught t me. I guess s did Mitthu. The cmfrt f my hpe became, and I guess Mitthu’s as well, the invisible chain that never actually will let us fly.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
I guess nt just I, but mst f the girls feel the same.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The parrt flew tday.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
I guess nt just I, but mst f the girls feel the same. We are afraid f flying. We are afraid we might hurt ur parents’ feelings. We are afraid we might end up hurting them if we take ur wn decisins. Hw similar ur lives are! I and Mitthu might be tw different beings but trapped in a similar situatin. The baggage f feelings, emtins and attachment will never really allw us t fly independently!
The parrt flew tday. It finally freed itself in true sense. Everyne at hme is sad. My cusins have stpped eating, and they are cntinuusly crying. Maybe they are nt ld enugh t understand the true meaning f freedm s they are unable t understand Mitthu and are sad at lsing it. But I am happy fr Mitthu. I wish t get the equal curage sn. Dear parents, it’s gd t lve and prtect yur child. But smetimes verprtectiveness might harm their future, and it might influence their decisins in future. S nw the parrt is really free!
【解析】
【导语】本文以鹦鹉的成长为线索展开，讲述了作者的叔叔带来一只小鹦鹉，在阿姨的精心照顾下与作者一样在长大，但是作者发现鹦鹉既没被关在笼子里，翅膀也没被修剪的情况下，仍然不飞走，由此作者感悟人生，觉得自己与这只鹦鹉一样，在被过度保护的环境下成长，可能严重影响到未来的发展。
详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我猜想这不仅是我这样认为，所有的女孩子都会这样想。”可知，第一段可描写作者对现在的生活感悟到了什么，要结合鹦鹉现在的生活与作者的相似点。
②由第二段首句内容“今天鹦鹉飞走了。”可知，第二段可描写看到鹦鹉飞走后家人的反应以及作者的感受。
2.续写线索：女孩们害怕独立的原因——与鹦鹉舒适生活的比较——鹦鹉飞走——家人与作者的感受——作者对成长的感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.伤害：hurt/damage/harm
②.被困：be trapped in/be stuck in
③.大哭：cry/burst int tears
情绪类
①.害怕的：afraid/scared/frightened
②.伤心的：sad/heart-brken/srrwful
【点睛】[高分句型1]. We are afraid we might end up hurting them if we take ur wn decisins. （运用了宾语从句和if引导的条件状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Hw similar ur lives are!（运用了感叹句）
[高分句型3]. Maybe they are nt ld enugh t understand the true meaning f freedm s they are unable t understand Mitthu and are sad at lsing it. （运用了不定式作结果状语以及s连接表因果关系的并列句）