2023-2024学年上海市虹口区高一上册期末考试英语模拟试卷（含解析）

这是一份2023-2024学年上海市虹口区高一上册期末考试英语模拟试卷（含解析），共37页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1. 考试时间90分钟，试卷满分100分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
Ⅰ. Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu bear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1 A. He will be punished. B. He lent his bk t his classmate.
C. He isn’t prepared fr the test. D. He hasn’t returned his bk.
2. A. Excited. B. Tired. C. Wrried. D. Frightened.
3. A. He didn’t pass the last exam B. He did better in the last exam
C. He is wrried abut the cming exam. D. He will pass the cming exam.
4. A. Fr fashin purpses. B. Fr cler appearance.
C Fr eye prtectin. D. Fr indr activities.
5. A. At 4:00. B. At 4:40. C. At 4:50. D. At 4:30.
6. A. T try his luck at anther restaurant. B. T bk a table fr Tuesday.
C. T bk a smaller table. D. T cancel his dinner plans.
7. A. He desn’t behave himself at schl. B. He wn’t graduate this summer.
C. He is t yung t run a cmpany. D. He puts his knwledge int use
8. A. The ticket price is much t high.
B. Jack missed the shw because it’s nt ppular
C. It’s surprising that Jack missed the ppular shw.
D. Jack is crazy abut musicals.
9. A. She will g t the cuntryside with the man.
B. She will stay at hme fr abut tw weeks
C. She will write fr a science newper.
D. She will wrk n her science prject.
10. A. He wuld like t make decisins himself.
B. He is already gd at playing the pian.
C. He is t ld t take the pian curse.
D. He hates ging t the pian curse
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear ne shrt passage and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n the passage and the cnversatin. The passage and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11. A. Fewer than five minutes. B. Five t ten minutes.
C. As lng as pssible. D. Mre than ten minutes.
12. A. Fire yur imaginatin.
B. Get mre ecnmic prfits.
C. Shw respect t the ldest family members.
D. Recgnize mre family members.
13. A. What a family reunin means.
B. A gd beginning f a family reunin.
C. Hw t make a family reunin special.
D. The mst imprtant activity f a family reunin.
Questins 14 thrugh 17 are based n the fllwing cnversatin
14. A. In the Main Hall B. In Classrm 5.
C. In Directr’s Office. D. In the Main Office.
15. A. A welcming speech and activities. B. The curses and varius services.
C. The curses and their requirements. D. Varius activities and the requirements.
16. A. The Directr f Studies. B. The Student Advisr.
C. The head f the schl. D. The staff in the Main Office.
17. A. They will be placed t different English classes.
B. They will ask sme questins abut prjects.
C. They will be prepared fr the English test.
D. They will receive a language ability test.
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: Beneath each f the fllwing sentences there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne answer that best cmpletes the sentence
1. This is the first time that the whle prcess f a black hle _______ eating a star, frm its first t nearly final bites.
A was seenB. has been seenC. has seenD. had seen
2. The expressin _______ her face and _______ her eyes is nw _______ wrds.
A. in, n, underB. in, in, verC. n, frm, byD. n, in, beynd
3. He is the nly ne f the best students wh _______ chsen t take part in the cmpetitin s far.
A. isB. areC. have beenD. has been
4. Feeling fearful is healthy ________ it helps yu slw dwn and evaluate risks prperly.
A. becauseB. untilC. befreD. althugh
5. Jhn shwed me the pht and said, “This is the very gallery _______ we visited last mnth, nt the factry _______ father wrked last year.”
A. which; thatB. that; thatC. that; whereD. which; where
6. Our parents ften tld us in the past that _______ is believing.
A. t seeB. seeingC. seeD. t be seen
7. My best friend is a by frm a(n) _______ muntainus area.
A. distantB. varyingC. disgustingD. extinct
8. In crss-cultural cmmunicatin, misunderstandings are always caused by each ther’s cultural _______.
A. rangeB. invlvementC. unfamiliarityD. respect
9. Anyway, dn’t give in. I’m sure the temprary _______ shuld nt bther yu t lng.
A. expectatinB. setbackC. exchangeD. awareness
10. The summer slstice marks the lngest day in the nrthern hemisphere (北半球). The _______ used t be an imprtant ancient Chinese festival.
A. traditinB. climateC. lcatinD. ccasin
11. Animals in zs must _______ different climates and seasns in relatin t where they cme frm.
A. adjust tB. depend nC. refer tD. take n
12. His English sunds fairly native, s where did he _______ his English?
A. learn abutB. hunt frC. pick upD. give away
Sectin B
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Venice, ne f Eurpe’s mst histrical, rmantic, and unique cities, is in danger f drwning — nt in ne f its famed canals but under the weight f peple. Since 1980, there have been mre turists than residents in Venice and right at present the number _____13_____ (climb) rapidly. As turists arrive, s d businesses t supprt them. Small, lcal stres are being replaced by suvenir shps and fast-fd jints; Lately, accmmdatins _____14_____ (transfrm) t Airbnbs, driving the cst f living here frever upwards. As lcals leave the city, the vacuum (真空) is filled with yet _____15_____ (much) turist investment and befre yu knw it, the charm and culture f ld Venice that attracted us here in the first place has been transfrmed and lst. It’s n wnder that _____16_____ Wrld Heritage Cmmittee has made a plan t add “Venice and its Lagn” t its Wrld Heritage in Danger list.
Venice is nt alne. Cratian favurite Dubrvnik, with histry and cultural excellence, is suffering the same fate. There were 5,000 residents in 1991, but in 2017 nly 1,157 peple were living in the Old Twn _____17_____ it became vercrwded with turists and businesses flding t them. Dubrvnik is a cnvenient stp fr cruise ships mving arund the waters f the Adriatic and its ppularity has grwn further fllwing the success f Game f Thrnes, _____18_____ was filmed there.
Many ppular lcatins have started t apply strategies _____19_____ (fight) the rising tide f turism using a cmbinatin f legislatin and financial instruments. Barcelna is limiting the number f licenses fr turist accmmdatin _____20_____ reducing the number f cruise ships allwed t dck (停泊). A smaller number f turists are allwed t visit the Old Twn and _____21_____ will need t pay a city entry fee. The turist tax is being increased t a price higher than ______22______ (expect). Venice has recently intrduced a turist fee t discurage day-trippers.
Sectin C
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
What makes the perfect winter read?
As the weather turns and the sky darkens, autumn and winter can ften feel like the perfect time fr curling up with a gd bk.
But I wnder if it’s just me wh finds that my reading ____23____ seem t change alng with the seasns? The bks I might chse t read in sme sunny garden are very different frm the nes I want when the wind is blwing utside and a few precius hurs f watery daylight are the best we can hpe fr.
I always ____24____ writing that evkes (唤起) time and place, and in the midst f the cldest, darkest part f the year, I want mre than ever fr a bk t be “a ball f light” in my hands, as Ezra Pund famusly nce put it — a(n) ____25____ f life and lve.
I als need a certain degree f cmfrtness in a winter read — smething that will keep me warm when the weather wn’t! Give me gthic (哥特式的) building in the snw, with herines whse passins burn brightly. Or let me escape cmpletely, int sme fantasy ____26____ — but I’d still like my frests icy and pine smelling. Give me stries f ____27____ and re-birth. Remind me that this time f year has ____28____, t.
Katherine May’s beautiful, petic deep thught n the seasn, Wintering, des precisely this. Seemingly, it’s ____29____, cmbining aspects f her life with mre universal thughts n hw we might winter well. But there’s a lyrical (抒情的), ____30____ quality t the writing that cnfuses plain cncepts like “genre”. She ____31____ that in winter we need different tls t get us thrugh the seasn and it als ffers ne such tl, since Wintering itself is the perfect guide bk and _____32_____ t see yu thrugh until spring.
That’s why bks that help me see the beauty f the seasn will always be high n my list f winter reads.
Ⅲ. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Rbt Pets
In July, Unitree, a Chinese cmpany, launched G2, its secnd-generatin rbtic dg. Priced frm $1,270, this rbt pet can walk, perfrm handstands, and take phtgraphs. Equipped with a smart speaker, it respnds t vice cmmands. G2 jins the market as the latest in a series f attempts by scientists t create machines that can d everything a real animal des — and leave a lt less mess t ____33____ afterwards.
The first rbt dg available t buy was Sny’s AIBO. Released in 1999, AIBO was a(n) ____34____ hit — 3000 units sld in just under 20 minutes in Japan. Its name is a ____35____ f “artificial intelligence” and “rbt”. AI is a cmputer prgramme that can learn frm experience and perfrm tasks that usually require human ____36____. AIBO was discntinued in 2006, but went back n sale in 2017.
With cameras fr eyes, AIBO ____37____ bstacles and safely explres its surrundings. Vice-recgnitin technlgy enables it t turn its head t face a persn when they speak, and even identify different vices. ____38____, the dg has been prgrammed t respnd t physical cntact, such as tuching its back r patting its head — just the way a real-life puppy wuld react. AIBO als “____39____” ver time, and its behaviur changes as it develps frm a playful puppy int an adult.
Electrnic pets are ____40____ tys fr children, thugh. They can be valuable cmpanins fr lder peple, t. In 2022, a study by the University f Plymuth fund that rbt ____41____ culd imprve the wellbeing f elderly peple wh live in care hmes and als thse suffering frm a cnditin that affects the brain. They fund that the cute rbts can prvide all the emtinal benefits f a real animal, withut any f the wrk that cmes with taking care f ne.
As technlgy develps, rbt pets will becme _____42_____ advanced. Whether r nt they take the place f living, breathing, barking and purring pets in ur hmes remains t be seen.
33. A. clean upB. get intC. srt utD. centre arund
34. A. delayedB. instantC. gradualD. tricky
35. A. renewB. reuninC. cmbinatinD. representatin
36. A. strengthB. intelligenceC. respnsibilityD. appreciatin
37. A. detectsB. signalsC. vercmesD. prcesses
38. A. Fr instanceB. By cntrastC. What’s mreD. After all
39. A. variesB. fadesC. adjustsD. matures
40. A. mre thanB. nthing butC. n mre thanD. less than
41. A. participatinB. attemptsC. designD. cmpanins
42. A. literallyB. increasinglyC. irnicallyD. relevantly
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
A shrt perid f sleep taken during the day is knwn as a nap. Naps dn’t just have benefits fr adults at wrk, thugh. They culd als help pupils t make the mst f their schl day. Studies have shwn that a 20 t 30-minute “beauty sleep” makes peple mre alert and fcused. This imprves peple’s ability t remember new infrmatin, which wuld help schl children cncentrate during lessns. Experts say that napping als imprves brain functins, such as memry and the ability t cmplete difficult tasks.
The schl day starts early, which means that pupils dn’t always get enugh sleep because there’s n chance t have a lie-in. Adding naptime during the schl day wuld help exhausted pupils t make up fr any sleep they’ve lst frm getting up s early.
There are lng-term benefits t taking a shrt nap, t. Accrding t a recent study frm University Cllege Lndn, the brains f peple wh have regular naps are bigger than thse wh dn’t. Peple’s brains naturally shrink when they grw ld, and the results shwed that little sleeps can help peple’s brains t age mre slwly.
Althugh a nap can seem like a gd idea, ging t sleep fr t lng can actually make yu feel wrse. It’s nt very pleasant t wake up frm a daytime nap feeling cnfused and sleepy. Napping during the day can als have a negative impact n hw well yu sleep at night. This can create a cycle f nt being able t sleep as well at night, leaving yu feeling even mre tired in the daytime. Sleep expert Dr Clete Kushida said, “It’s generally recmmended t maximize sleep at night.”
Anther cnsideratin is that there really isn’t time in the schl day fr pupils t g t sleep. Sme parents and teachers are cncerned that it wuld cause children t miss t much lessn time. Pupils might take advantage f the system and use their need fr a nap as an excuse t get ut f lessns.
S, what d yu think? Shuld schl allw kids t have naps, r shuld yu wait until the evening t catch up n yur sleep?
43. It can be inferred frm the passage that ________.
A children need mre naps than adults d
B. naps imprve memry, efficiency and beauty
C. bth children and adults are equally in need f naps
D. naps can bring mre benefits t children than t adults
44. Accrding t the passage, napping fr t lng is nt advisable because ________.
A. it may affect a healthier cycle f sleep
B. schl kids will feel t sleepy t wake up
C. it can’t make up fr the sleep lst frm waking up early
D. it extends the schl day fr kids t have enugh lessns
45. Which f the fllwing statements can be learned abut taking naps accrding t the passage?
A. It’s better fr babies t have as many daytime naps as pssible.
B. Regular naps can slw the rate at which brains shrink with age.
C. There’s n need t guarantee night sleep if ne has regular naps.
D. Different frm teachers, parents want their kids t have naptimes.
46. Which f the fllwing might be the best title fr the passage?
A. Shuld Schls Have Naptimes?B. Hw Culd Naptimes Benefit Kids?
C. Are Kids Lsing T Much Sleep?D. D Yu Get Enugh Daytime Sleep?
(B)
If yu’ve ever seen a river rushing dwn a muntain r played in breaking waves at the beach, yu’ll knw that mving water cntains a lt f energy. A river can push yu and yur bat dwnstream, smetimes quickly, and waves crashing int yu at the beach can knck yu back, r even knck yu ver.
This energy f mving water riginates frm the water cycle, where water evaprates r is released frm plants, rises t higher sea level, cls, and changes int liquid, frming cluds. Rain r snw that falls frm these cluds flws dwnhill due t gravity, frming rivers r melting int existing water paths.
Hydrpwer (水电) uses this energy frm flwing water. It uses turbines, which are turned by mving water. These turbines turn arund a rtr inside a device called generatr, turning the mtin int electricity with the help f magnets.
There are tw primary types f hydrpwer facilities (设施). The first is called the run-f-the-river facilities, which channel river water thrugh turbines. The electricity prductin fllws the timing f the river flw. When a river is running full with lts f spring rain r meltwater, the turbine can prduce mre electricity. Later in the summer, when the river flw decreases, s des the turbine’s utput. These types f pwer statins are typically small and easy t build, but there is limited ability t cntrl the amunt f electricity they prduce.
The secnd type is the dam (大坝)-based facilities. These use a slid dam t hld back the flw f a river and create an artificial lake behind it. The dam peratr releases water frm his lake, which flws thrugh pipes inside the dam. Turbines within the dam generate electricity as the water passes thrugh them, and then the water flws ut the ther side. These facilities are usually large and can affect river habitats, but they can als prduce a lt f electricity in a cntrllable manner.
Hydrpwer depends n the availability f water in flwing rivers. As climate change affects the water cycle, sme regins may have less rainfall and therefre less hydrpwer generatin. Since hydrpwer is a frm f renewable electricity, it can play a rle in limiting climate change. Hydrpwer facilities can als help avid any imbalance in electricity prductin frm wind farms and slar pwer plants.
47. The underlined wrd “evaprate” in paragraph 2 can be replaced by “________”
A. frm a circleB. turn int a gas
C. fall t the grundD. change int liquid
48. Accrding t paragraph 3, which f the fllwing wrds best fits the bx with “?” in the picture f a hydrpwer setup?
A. turbineB. magnetC. pipeD. rtr
49. What can we learn abut the tw basic types f hydrpwer facilities mentined in the passage?
A. Only dam-based facilities use water t generate electricity and they are easy t cnstruct.
B. Electricity prductin by the run-f-the-river facilities desn’t vary with river flw.
C. Dam-based facilities prvide a mre cnsiderable and adjustable electricity supply.
D. Run-f-the-river facilities have a larger impact n river habitats than dam-based facilities.
50. What is the authr’s attitude twards hydrpwer?
A. OptimisticB. CriticalC. DubtfulD. Indifferent
Sectin C
Directins: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Keeping a bit f the utdrs inside is nthing new, but huseplant cllectins have becme a ppular scial media trend — which means that mre peple than ever are discvering the cmfrt and beauty that caring fr plants brings.
____51____ Expsure t greenery, whether yu have indr plants, take walks utside r tend t a garden, has been fund t have multiple mental-health benefits, such as lwering stress, decreasing feelings f depressin, increasing sciability, restring fcus, imprving cgnitive perfrmance, imprving md and increasing self-esteem.
“One study shwed that patients at a hspital wh had plants in their rm reprted less pain, lwer bld pressure, less fatigue and less anxiety than patients withut plants in their rms,” says Jenny Seham, a New Yrk-based psychlgist. She explains: “Crtisl, the stress hrmne, has been shwn t lwer with plant interactin, reducing fatigue, irritability (易怒) and bld pressure.”
Research has als shwn that having plants and gardening increase prductivity and levels f sertnin, the neurtransmitter respnsible fr lifting ur md. ____52____ And it is als ppsed t dwelling n the past r wrrying abut the future.
Befre yu fill yur ce with greenery, cnsider hw yu’ll interact with yur plants. ____53____ Can yu care fr them daily?
If yu have a small ce r aren’t sure hw much time yu’re willing t invest in “plant parenting.” Start slw. “____54____ It can engage yu by its smell r clur, creating a psitive md respnse with every interactin,” says Seham.
A. Fr instance, is there enugh ce fr plants in areas where yu spend a lt f time?
B. Half the fun f gardening is that yu never knw exactly what’s ging t cme up.
C. It’s a feel-gd hbby that’s supprted by science.
D. While indr gardening can bst yur feelings f wellbeing, help reduce stress and prmte relaxatin, it’s nt, f curse, a substitute fr a trained mental health prfessinal.
E. The thery is that plant care helps us fcus n the present mment and prvides a feeling f accmplishment.
F. Just ne plant can make a difference.
Ⅳ. Translatin(请将以下所均写在答题纸上)
Sectin A
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing sentences in English accrding t the sentences given in Chinese.
55. 这位著名艺术家的画作是他内心最深处的思想和情感的一种创造性表达。
This famus artist’s paintings were __________ f his deepest __________.
56. 这本书反映了作者的智慧和经验，因此受到了读者的青睐。
The bk reflected __________, and therefre it received __________.
57. 家长们期望孩子可以通过积极参加这个活动，对成年人的责任有更深的理解。
Parents expect their children t have __________ by actively __________.
58. 解决这个烦人问题的方法是好好平衡工作和休息。
__________ wrking ut this annying prblem is t __________ well.
59. 他生气地盯着她看，问道：“你意识到危险了吗？”
He __________ and asked, “Are yu __________?”
Sectin B
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
60. 应该采取积极措施来防止疾病蔓延。(prevent)(汉译英)
61. 他决定无视网上那些不相干评论，只专注于手头上的任务。(ignre) (汉译英)
62. 就个人来说，我宁愿不看人人向往的日出，也不愿不顾安全，半夜三更去徒步登山。(prefer) (汉译英)
听力答案：1-10：CBACD BDCDA 11-13: BDC 14-17: ACBD
2023-2024学年上海市虹口区高一上学期期末考试英语模拟试卷
考生注意：
1. 考试时间90分钟，试卷满分100分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
Ⅰ. Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu bear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. A. He will be punished. B. He lent his bk t his classmate.
C. He isn’t prepared fr the test. D. He hasn’t returned his bk.
2. A. Excited. B. Tired. C. Wrried. D. Frightened.
3. A. He didn’t pass the last exam B. He did better in the last exam
C. He is wrried abut the cming exam. D. He will pass the cming exam.
4. A. Fr fashin purpses. B. Fr cler appearance.
C. Fr eye prtectin. D. Fr indr activities.
5. A. At 4:00. B. At 4:40. C. At 4:50. D. At 4:30.
6. A. T try his luck at anther restaurant. B. T bk a table fr Tuesday.
C. T bk a smaller table. D. T cancel his dinner plans.
7. A. He desn’t behave himself at schl. B. He wn’t graduate this summer.
C. He is t yung t run a cmpany. D. He puts his knwledge int use
8. A. The ticket price is much t high.
B. Jack missed the shw because it’s nt ppular
C. It’s surprising that Jack missed the ppular shw.
D. Jack is crazy abut musicals.
9. A. She will g t the cuntryside with the man.
B. She will stay at hme fr abut tw weeks
C. She will write fr a science newper.
D. She will wrk n her science prject.
10 A. He wuld like t make decisins himself.
B. He is already gd at playing the pian.
C. He is t ld t take the pian curse.
D. He hates ging t the pian curse
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear ne shrt passage and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n the passage and the cnversatin. The passage and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11. A. Fewer than five minutes. B. Five t ten minutes.
C. As lng as pssible. D. Mre than ten minutes.
12. A. Fire yur imaginatin.
B. Get mre ecnmic prfits.
C. Shw respect t the ldest family members.
D. Recgnize mre family members.
13. A. What a family reunin means.
B. A gd beginning f a family reunin.
C. Hw t make a family reunin special.
D. The mst imprtant activity f a family reunin.
Questins 14 thrugh 17 are based n the fllwing cnversatin
14. A. In the Main Hall B. In Classrm 5.
C. In Directr’s Office. D. In the Main Office.
15. A. A welcming speech and activities. B. The curses and varius services.
C. The curses and their requirements. D. Varius activities and the requirements.
16. A. The Directr f Studies. B. The Student Advisr.
C. The head f the schl. D. The staff in the Main Office.
17. A. They will be placed t different English classes.
B. They will ask sme questins abut prjects.
C. They will be prepared fr the English test.
D. They will receive a language ability test.
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: Beneath each f the fllwing sentences there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne answer that best cmpletes the sentence
1. This is the first time that the whle prcess f a black hle _______ eating a star, frm its first t nearly final bites.
A. was seenB. has been seenC. has seenD. had seen
【正确答案】B
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这是第一次观测到黑洞吞噬恒星的整个过程，从它的第一口到几乎最后一口。that... the first time that...表示“这是第一次……”，that引导的从句中使用现在完成时，从句主语“prcess”和动词“see”之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故选B。
2. The expressin _______ her face and _______ her eyes is nw _______ wrds.
A. in, n, underB. in, in, verC. n, frm, byD. n, in, beynd
【正确答案】D
【详解】考查介词搭配。句意：她脸上和眼睛里的表情已经无法用言语形容了。第一空表示“在脸上”应用n ne’s face；第二空表示“在眼里”短语为in ne’s eyes；第三空表示“无法形容”短语为beynd wrds。故选D。
3. He is the nly ne f the best students wh _______ chsen t take part in the cmpetitin s far.
A. isB. areC. have beenD. has been
【正确答案】D
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，他是唯一一个被选中参加比赛的优秀学生。A项是一般现在时，谓语动词单数形式；B项是一般现在时，谓语动词复数形式；C项是现在完成时，谓语动词复数形式；D项是现在完成时，谓语动词单数形式。分析句子可知，空格处为定语从句的谓语部分，先行词ne是被the nly限定，从句谓语动词应使用单数形式；根据句意，从句应使用现在完成时的被动语态，故选D项。
4. Feeling fearful is healthy ________ it helps yu slw dwn and evaluate risks prperly.
A. becauseB. untilC. befreD. althugh
【正确答案】A
【分析】
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：感到恐惧是有益于健康的，因为它能帮助你慢下来，正确评估风险。A. because因为；B. until直到；C. befre在……之前；D. althugh虽然。根据语境，主句提到healthy（有益于健康的），连词引导的从句部分则在具体描述为何说是有益于健康的，这是一个原因状语从句，适用because（因为）引导，故选A。
5. Jhn shwed me the pht and said, “This is the very gallery _______ we visited last mnth, nt the factry _______ father wrked last year.”
A. which; thatB. that; thatC. that; whereD. which; where
【正确答案】C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：约翰给我看了照片，说：“这就是我们上个月参观的画廊，不是爸爸去年工作的工厂。”第一空定语从句修饰先行词gallery，在从句作宾语，且由the very修饰只能用that引导；第二空定语从句修饰先行词factry，在从句作地点状语，应用where引导。故选C。
6. Our parents ften tld us in the past that _______ is believing.
A. t seeB. seeingC. seeD. t be seen
【正确答案】B
【详解】考查动名词。句意：我们的父母过去常告诉我们眼见为实。呼应表语believing，此处应用动名词seeing作主语；seeing is believing“眼见为实”，动名词作主语。故选B项。
7. My best friend is a by frm a(n) _______ muntainus area.
A. distantB. varyingC. disgustingD. extinct
【正确答案】A
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友是一个来自遥远山区的男孩。A. distant遥远的；B. varying不同的；C. disgusting令人反感的；D. extinct灭绝的。根据后文“muntainus area”指来自遥远山区。故选A。
8. In crss-cultural cmmunicatin, misunderstandings are always caused by each ther’s cultural _______.
A. rangeB. invlvementC. unfamiliarityD. respect
【正确答案】C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在跨文化交际中，误解往往是由于彼此的文化不熟悉而引起的。A. range范围；B. invlvement参与；C. unfamiliarity不熟悉；D. respect尊敬。根据In crss-cultural cmmunicatin, misunderstandings are always caused及常识可知，误解往往是由于彼此的文化不熟悉而引起的。故选C项。
9. Anyway, dn’t give in. I’m sure the temprary _______ shuld nt bther yu t lng.
A. expectatinB. setbackC. exchangeD. awareness
【正确答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，不要屈服。我相信暂时的挫折不会困扰你太久。A. expectatin期待；B. setback挫折；C. exchange交换；D. awareness意识。根据dn’t give in可知，此处为名词setback“挫折”，满足句意要求。故选B项。
10. The summer slstice marks the lngest day in the nrthern hemisphere (北半球). The _______ used t be an imprtant ancient Chinese festival.
A. traditinB. climateC. lcatinD. ccasin
【正确答案】D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：夏至标志着北半球白昼最长的一天。这个时候曾经是中国古代一个重要的节日。A. traditin传统；B. climate气候；C. lcatin位置；D. ccasin（某事发生的）时刻，时候。根据句意可知，夏至标志着北半球白昼最长的一天。这个时候曾经是中国古代一个重要的节日。故选D项。
11. Animals in zs must _______ different climates and seasns in relatin t where they cme frm.
A. adjust tB. depend nC. refer tD. take n
【正确答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：动物园里的动物必须根据它们来自的地方来适应不同的气候和季节。A. adjust t调整、适应；B. depend n依靠；C. refer t提及；D. take n承担。动物园里的动物来自不同地方，要想生存下去，就要调整状态适应不同的气候和季节。故选A项。
12. His English sunds fairly native, s where did he _______ his English?
A. learn abutB. hunt frC. pick upD. give away
【正确答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的英语听起来相当地道，他的英语是从哪里学来的？A. learn abut了解；B. hunt fr寻找；C. pick up习得，学会；D. give away捐赠。根据His English sunds fairly native可知，此处为动词短语pick up“习得”，满足句意要求。故选C项。
Sectin B
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Venice, ne f Eurpe’s mst histrical, rmantic, and unique cities, is in danger f drwning — nt in ne f its famed canals but under the weight f peple. Since 1980, there have been mre turists than residents in Venice and right at present the number _____13_____ (climb) rapidly. As turists arrive, s d businesses t supprt them. Small, lcal stres are being replaced by suvenir shps and fast-fd jints; Lately, accmmdatins _____14_____ (transfrm) t Airbnbs, driving the cst f living here frever upwards. As lcals leave the city, the vacuum (真空) is filled with yet _____15_____ (much) turist investment and befre yu knw it, the charm and culture f ld Venice that attracted us here in the first place has been transfrmed and lst. It’s n wnder that _____16_____ Wrld Heritage Cmmittee has made a plan t add “Venice and its Lagn” t its Wrld Heritage in Danger list.
Venice is nt alne. Cratian favurite Dubrvnik, with histry and cultural excellence, is suffering the same fate. There were 5,000 residents in 1991, but in 2017 nly 1,157 peple were living in the Old Twn _____17_____ it became vercrwded with turists and businesses flding t them. Dubrvnik is a cnvenient stp fr cruise ships mving arund the waters f the Adriatic and its ppularity has grwn further fllwing the success f Game f Thrnes, _____18_____ was filmed there.
Many ppular lcatins have started t apply strategies _____19_____ (fight) the rising tide f turism using a cmbinatin f legislatin and financial instruments. Barcelna is limiting the number f licenses fr turist accmmdatin _____20_____ reducing the number f cruise ships allwed t dck (停泊). A smaller number f turists are allwed t visit the Old Twn and _____21_____ will need t pay a city entry fee. The turist tax is being increased t a price higher than ______22______ (expect). Venice has recently intrduced a turist fee t discurage day-trippers.
【正确答案】13. is climbing
14. have been transfrmed
15. mre 16. the
17. as##since##because
18. which 19. t fight
20. as well as
21. they 22. expected
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了威尼斯，这个欧洲历史最悠久、最浪漫、最独特的城市之一，正面临着“溺水”的危险——不是被它著名的运河淹没，而是被人的数量淹没。自1980年以来，威尼斯的游客数量就超过了当地居民，目前这一数字还在迅速攀升。
【13题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自1980年以来，威尼斯的游客数量就超过了当地居民，目前这一数字还在迅速攀升。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据at present可知，此处应为表示正在进行的动作，为现在进行时，主语the number为单数意义，谓语动词用单数。故填is climbing。
【14题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：最近，这里的住宿设施被改造成了Airbnbs，导致这里的生活成本永远在上升。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据Lately可知，此处应为现在完成时，主语accmmdatins和动词transfrm为被动关系，所以为现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been transfrmed。
【15题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：随着当地人离开这座城市，更多的旅游投资填补了这个真空，在你意识到之前，最初吸引我们来到这里的老威尼斯的魅力和文化已经改变并消失了。根据句意可知，此处为much的比较级mre“更多的”，满足句意要求。故填mre。
【16题详解】
考查冠词。句意：难怪世界遗产委员会计划将“威尼斯及其泻湖”列入《世界濒危遗产名录》。此处为表示特指概念，应用定冠词the，the Wrld Heritage Cmmittee“世界遗产委员会”。故填the。
【17题详解】
考查原因状语从句。句意：1991年有5000名居民，但2017年只有1157人住在老城区，因为游客和企业涌入，老城区变得拥挤不堪。分析句子可知，此处为连词as/since/because“因为”引导原因状语从句。故填as/since/because。
【18题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：杜布罗夫尼克是游览亚得里亚海的游轮的方便停靠地，随着《权力的游戏》在这里取景的成功，杜布罗夫尼克的受欢迎程度进一步提高。分析句子可知，此处引导的非限制性定语从句，代替先行词Dubrvnik在从句中作主语成分，应用关系代词which。故填which。
【19题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：许多受欢迎的地方已经开始运用立法和金融手段相结合的策略来对抗日益高涨的旅游业。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式t d表示“为了……”，作目的状语。 故填t fight。
【20题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：巴塞罗那正在限制旅游住宿许可证的数量，并减少获准停靠的游轮数量。根据句意可知，此处为固定短语as well as表示“同时，也”。故填as well as。
【21题详解】
考查代词。句意：少数游客被允许参观老城区，他们需要支付城市入场费。根据句意可知，此处应用代词they指代上文中提到的复数名词A smaller number f turists“少数游客”作主语。故填they。
【22题详解】
考查省略用法。句意：旅游税被提高到比预期更高的价格。分析句子可知，此处为than引导的比较状语从句的省略用法，这里的than expected是than it is (was) expected的省略。故填expected。
Sectin C
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
What makes the perfect winter read?
As the weather turns and the sky darkens, autumn and winter can ften feel like the perfect time fr curling up with a gd bk.
But I wnder if it’s just me wh finds that my reading ____23____ seem t change alng with the seasns? The bks I might chse t read in sme sunny garden are very different frm the nes I want when the wind is blwing utside and a few precius hurs f watery daylight are the best we can hpe fr.
I always ____24____ writing that evkes (唤起) time and place, and in the midst f the cldest, darkest part f the year, I want mre than ever fr a bk t be “a ball f light” in my hands, as Ezra Pund famusly nce put it — a(n) ____25____ f life and lve.
I als need a certain degree f cmfrtness in a winter read — smething that will keep me warm when the weather wn’t! Give me gthic (哥特式的) building in the snw, with herines whse passins burn brightly. Or let me escape cmpletely, int sme fantasy ____26____ — but I’d still like my frests icy and pine smelling. Give me stries f ____27____ and re-birth. Remind me that this time f year has ____28____, t.
Katherine May’s beautiful, petic deep thught n the seasn, Wintering, des precisely this. Seemingly, it’s ____29____, cmbining aspects f her life with mre universal thughts n hw we might winter well. But there’s a lyrical (抒情的), ____30____ quality t the writing that cnfuses plain cncepts like “genre”. She ____31____ that in winter we need different tls t get us thrugh the seasn and it als ffers ne such tl, since Wintering itself is the perfect guide bk and _____32_____ t see yu thrugh until spring.
That’s why bks that help me see the beauty f the seasn will always be high n my list f winter reads.
【正确答案】23. G 24. I
25. A 26. D
27. E 28. J
29. C 30. H
31. F 32. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了什么才是完美的冬季阅读。
【23题详解】
考查名词。句意：但我想知道，是否只有我发现自己的阅读品味似乎随着季节而变化？分析句子可知，空后seem t d为动词短语，此处应为名词作主语成分，tastes为名词，和空前的reading构成名词短语reading tastes“阅读品味”，符合句意。故选G项。
【24题详解】
考查动词。句意：我一直很看重能唤起时间和地点的作品，在一年中最寒冷、最黑暗的时候，我比以往任何时候都更希望一本书能像埃兹拉·庞德(Ezra Pund)那句名言所说的那样，成为我手中的“一团光”，提醒我生活和爱。分析句子可知，此处应为动词作句子的谓语成分，value“重视”为动词，符合句意。故选I项。
【25题详解】
考查名词。句意：我一直很看重能唤起时间和地点的作品，在一年中最寒冷、最黑暗的时候，我比以往任何时候都更希望一本书能像埃兹拉·庞德(Ezra Pund)那句名言所说的那样，成为我手中的“一团光”，提醒我生活和爱。分析句子可知，空前为冠词a(n)，此处应为名词形式，reminder“提醒的事物”为名词，符合句意。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词。句意：或者让我完全逃离，进入一些幻想的环境——但我仍然喜欢我的森林冰冷，散发着松树的气味。分析句子可知，空前为形容词fantasy，此处应为名词形式，setting“环境”为名词，符合句意。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查名词。句意：给我讲讲生存和重生的故事。分析句子可知，空后and连接的re-birth为名词，此处也应为名词形式，构成并列名词短语作空前介词f的宾语成分，survival“生存”为名词，符合句意。故选E项。
【28题详解】
考查名词。句意：提醒我，每年的这个时候也有意义。分析句子可知，空前为谓语动词has，此处应为名词作宾语成分，meaning“意义”为名词，符合句意。故选J项。
【29题详解】
考查名词。句意：从表面上看，这是一部纪实小说，结合了她生活的方方面面，以及我们如何过冬的更普遍的想法。分析句子可知，空前为系动词is，此处应为名词作句子的表语成分，nn-fictin“纪实小说”为名词，符合句意。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词。句意：但这些作品有一种抒情的、象征性的品质，混淆了“体裁”等简单的概念。分析句子可知，空后为名词quality，此处应为形容词形式和空前的形容词lyrical构成并列定语修饰该名词，symblic“象征性的”为形容词，符合句意。故选H项。
【31题详解】
考查动词。句意：她承认，在冬天，我们需要不同的工具来度过这个季节，而它也提供了这样一种工具，因为《Wintering》本身就是一本完美的指南书，也是陪伴你度过春天的伴侣。分析句子可知，此处为动词作句子的谓语成分，acknwledges“承认”为动词，为一般现在时。符合句意。故选F项。
【32题详解】
考查名词。句意：她承认，在冬天，我们需要不同的工具来度过这个季节，而它也提供了这样一种工具，因为《Wintering》本身就是一本完美的指南书，也是陪伴你度过春天的伴侣。分析句子可知，空前为and连接的guide bk为名词短语，此处也应为名词形式，partner“伴侣，搭档”为名词，符合句意。故选B项。
Ⅲ. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Rbt Pets
In July, Unitree, a Chinese cmpany, launched G2, its secnd-generatin rbtic dg. Priced frm $1,270, this rbt pet can walk, perfrm handstands, and take phtgraphs. Equipped with a smart speaker, it respnds t vice cmmands. G2 jins the market as the latest in a series f attempts by scientists t create machines that can d everything a real animal des — and leave a lt less mess t ____33____ afterwards.
The first rbt dg available t buy was Sny’s AIBO. Released in 1999, AIBO was a(n) ____34____ hit — 3000 units sld in just under 20 minutes in Japan. Its name is a ____35____ f “artificial intelligence” and “rbt”. AI is a cmputer prgramme that can learn frm experience and perfrm tasks that usually require human ____36____. AIBO was discntinued in 2006, but went back n sale in 2017.
With cameras fr eyes, AIBO ____37____ bstacles and safely explres its surrundings. Vice-recgnitin technlgy enables it t turn its head t face a persn when they speak, and even identify different vices. ____38____, the dg has been prgrammed t respnd t physical cntact, such as tuching its back r patting its head — just the way a real-life puppy wuld react. AIBO als “____39____” ver time, and its behaviur changes as it develps frm a playful puppy int an adult.
Electrnic pets are ____40____ tys fr children, thugh. They can be valuable cmpanins fr lder peple, t. In 2022, a study by the University f Plymuth fund that rbt ____41____ culd imprve the wellbeing f elderly peple wh live in care hmes and als thse suffering frm a cnditin that affects the brain. They fund that the cute rbts can prvide all the emtinal benefits f a real animal, withut any f the wrk that cmes with taking care f ne.
As technlgy develps, rbt pets will becme _____42_____ advanced. Whether r nt they take the place f living, breathing, barking and purring pets in ur hmes remains t be seen.
33. A. clean upB. get intC. srt utD. centre arund
34. A. delayedB. instantC. gradualD. tricky
35. A. renewB. reuninC. cmbinatinD. representatin
36. A. strengthB. intelligenceC. respnsibilityD. appreciatin
37. A. detectsB. signalsC. vercmesD. prcesses
38. A. Fr instanceB. By cntrastC. What’s mreD. After all
39. A. variesB. fadesC. adjustsD. matures
40. A. mre thanB. nthing butC. n mre thanD. less than
41 A. participatinB. attemptsC. designD. cmpanins
42. A. literallyB. increasinglyC. irnicallyD. relevantly
【正确答案】33. A 34. B 35. C 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. A 41. D 42. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了今年7月，中国公司Unitree推出了第二代机器狗G2。这款机器人宠物售价1270美元起，可以走路、倒立和拍照。它配备了一个智能扬声器，可以响应语音命令，以及随着科技的发展，机器人宠物将变得越来越先进。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：G2加入了市场，是科学家们一系列尝试的最新成果，他们试图创造出能做所有真实动物会做的事情的机器，而且之后要清理的地方也少得多。A. clean up清理；B. get int进入；C. srt ut解决；D. centre arund围绕着。根据句意以及该句中的“that can d everything a real animal des”提到能做所有真实动物会做的事情，由此可知，此处应表示他们试图创造出能做所有真实动物会做的事情的机器，而且之后要清理的地方也少得多。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1999年发布的AIBO一炮而红，在日本不到20分钟就卖出了3000台。A. delayed延迟；B. instant立刻的；C. gradual 渐渐的；D. tricky难对付的。根据下文“3000 units sld in just under 20 minutes in Japan”在日本不到20分钟就卖出了3000台，由此可知，此处应表示1999年发布的AIBO一炮而红。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的名字是“人工智能”和“机器人”的组合。A. renew更新；B. reunin团聚；C. cmbinatin组合；D. representatin代表。根据下文““artificial intelligence” and “rbt””以及AIBO的字母组合可知，此处应表示它的名字是“人工智能”和“机器人”的组合。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：人工智能是一种计算机程序，可以从经验中学习，并执行通常需要人类智能的任务。A. strength力气；B. intelligence智能；C. respnsibility责任；D. appreciatin感激。根据上文“AI is a cmputer prgramme that can learn frm experience and perfrm tasks”提到人工智能是一种计算机程序，由此可知，此处应表示从经验中学习，并执行通常需要人类智能的任务。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：AIBO的眼睛有摄像头，可以探测障碍物并安全地探索周围环境。A. detects探测；B. signals发信号；C. vercmes克服；D. prcesses加工。根据句意以及下文“bstacles and safely explres its surrundings”提到障碍物，可知，此处应表示可以探测障碍物并安全地探索周围环境。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：更重要的是，这只狗已经被编程为对身体接触做出反应，比如触摸它的背部或拍它的头——就像现实生活中的小狗会做出的反应一样。A. Fr instance例如；B. By cntrast相比之下；C. What’s mre此外，更重要的是；D. After all毕竟。根据下文“the dg has been prgrammed t respnd t physical cntact, such as tuching its back r patting its head — just the way a real-life puppy wuld react.”提到其它的功能可知，此处应表示补充说明的情况。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：AIBO也会随着时间的推移而“成熟”，它的行为会随着它从一只顽皮的小狗成长为一只成年狗而改变。A. varies不同；B. fades消退；C. adjusts调整；D. matures成熟。根据下文“and its behaviur changes as it develps frm a playful puppy int an adult.”提到它的行为会随着它从一只顽皮的小狗成长为一只成年狗而改变，由此可知，此处应表示AIBO也会随着时间的推移而“成熟”。故选D项。
【40题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：不过，电子宠物不仅仅是孩子们的玩具。A. mre than不仅仅；B. nthing but只有，仅仅是；C. n mre than不超过；D. less than少于。根据下文“They can be valuable cmpanins fr lder peple, t.”提到老年人也很喜欢电子宠物，由此可知，此处应表示电子宠物不仅仅是孩子们的玩具。故选A项。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2022年，普利茅斯大学的一项研究发现，机器人伴侣可以改善住在养老院的老年人的健康状况，也可以改善那些患有影响大脑疾病的人的健康状况。A. participatin参加；B. attempts尝试；C. design设计；D. cmpanins伴侣，陪伴。根据下文“culd imprve the wellbeing f elderly peple wh live in care hmes and als thse suffering frm a cnditin that affects the brain.”提到它的一些功能和作用，由此可知，此处应表示机器人伴侣可以改善住在养老院的老年人的健康状况，也可以改善那些患有影响大脑疾病的人的健康状况。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着科技的发展，机器人宠物将变得越来越先进。A. literally真正地；B. increasingly越来越多地；C. irnically讽刺地；D. relevantly贴切地。根据上文“As technlgy develps”提到随着科技的发展，由此可知，此处应表示机器人宠物将变得越来越先进。故选B项。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
A shrt perid f sleep taken during the day is knwn as a nap. Naps dn’t just have benefits fr adults at wrk, thugh. They culd als help pupils t make the mst f their schl day. Studies have shwn that a 20 t 30-minute “beauty sleep” makes peple mre alert and fcused. This imprves peple’s ability t remember new infrmatin, which wuld help schl children cncentrate during lessns. Experts say that napping als imprves brain functins, such as memry and the ability t cmplete difficult tasks.
The schl day starts early, which means that pupils dn’t always get enugh sleep because there’s n chance t have a lie-in. Adding naptime during the schl day wuld help exhausted pupils t make up fr any sleep they’ve lst frm getting up s early.
There are lng-term benefits t taking a shrt nap, t. Accrding t a recent study frm University Cllege Lndn, the brains f peple wh have regular naps are bigger than thse wh dn’t. Peple’s brains naturally shrink when they grw ld, and the results shwed that little sleeps can help peple’s brains t age mre slwly.
Althugh a nap can seem like a gd idea, ging t sleep fr t lng can actually make yu feel wrse. It’s nt very pleasant t wake up frm a daytime nap feeling cnfused and sleepy. Napping during the day can als have a negative impact n hw well yu sleep at night. This can create a cycle f nt being able t sleep as well at night, leaving yu feeling even mre tired in the daytime. Sleep expert Dr Clete Kushida said, “It’s generally recmmended t maximize sleep at night.”
Anther cnsideratin is that there really isn’t time in the schl day fr pupils t g t sleep Sme parents and teachers are cncerned that it wuld cause children t miss t much lessn time. Pupils might take advantage f the system and use their need fr a nap as an excuse t get ut f lessns.
S, what d yu think? Shuld schl allw kids t have naps, r shuld yu wait until the evening t catch up n yur sleep?
43. It can be inferred frm the passage that ________.
A. children need mre naps than adults d
B. naps imprve memry efficiency and beauty
C. bth children and adults are equally in need f naps
D. naps can bring mre benefits t children than t adults
44. Accrding t the passage, napping fr t lng is nt advisable because ________.
A. it may affect a healthier cycle f sleep
B. schl kids will feel t sleepy t wake up
C. it can’t make up fr the sleep lst frm waking up early
D. it extends the schl day fr kids t have enugh lessns
45. Which f the fllwing statements can be learned abut taking naps accrding t the passage?
A. It’s better fr babies t have as many daytime naps as pssible.
B. Regular naps can slw the rate at which brains shrink with age.
C. There’s n need t guarantee night sleep if ne has regular naps.
D. Different frm teachers, parents want their kids t have naptimes.
46. Which f the fllwing might be the best title fr the passage?
A. Shuld Schls Have Naptimes?B. Hw Culd Naptimes Benefit Kids?
C. Are Kids Lsing T Much Sleep?D. D Yu Get Enugh Daytime Sleep?
【正确答案】43. C 44. A 45. B 46. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明，午睡可以提高人们记忆新信息的能力，这将有助于学生在课堂上集中注意力，且有长期的好处，但不建议午睡太久，因为会影响更健康的睡眠周期。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Naps dn’t just have benefits fr adults at wrk, thugh. They culd als help pupils t make the mst f their schl day.(不过，午睡不仅仅对工作中的成年人有好处。它们还可以帮助学生充分利用他们的上学时间)”可推知，儿童和成人都同样需要午睡。故选C。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Althugh a nap can seem like a gd idea, ging t sleep fr t lng can actually make yu feel wrse. It’s nt very pleasant t wake up frm a daytime nap feeling cnfused and sleepy. Napping during the day can als have a negative impact n hw well yu sleep at night. This can create a cycle f nt being able t sleep as well at night, leaving yu feeling even mre tired in the daytime.(虽然打个盹似乎是个好主意，但睡太久实际上会让你感觉更糟。从白天的小睡中醒来感到困惑和困倦并不是很愉快。白天打盹也会对你晚上的睡眠质量产生负面影响。这会造成一个晚上睡不着的循环，让你在白天感觉更累)”可知，午睡太久是不可取的，因为可能会影响更健康的睡眠周期。故选A。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Peple’s brains naturally shrink when they grw ld, and the results shwed that little sleeps can help peple’s brains t age mre slwly.(随着年龄的增长，人的大脑会自然萎缩，研究结果表明，午睡可以帮助人们的大脑更慢地衰老)”可知，规律的午睡可以减缓大脑随着年龄增长而萎缩的速度。故选B。
【46题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“S, what d yu think? Shuld schl allw kids t have naps, r shuld yu wait until the evening t catch up n yur sleep?(那么，你觉得呢？学校应该允许孩子们午睡，还是应该等到晚上再补觉？)”结合文章主要说明了研究表明，午睡可以提高人们记忆新信息的能力，这将有助于学生在课堂上集中注意力，且有长期的好处，但不建议午睡太久，因为会影响更健康的睡眠周期。可知，A选项“学校应该有午睡时间吗？”最符合文章标题。故选A。
(B)
If yu’ve ever seen a river rushing dwn a muntain r played in breaking waves at the beach, yu’ll knw that mving water cntains a lt f energy. A river can push yu and yur bat dwnstream, smetimes quickly, and waves crashing int yu at the beach can knck yu back, r even knck yu ver.
This energy f mving water riginates frm the water cycle, where water evaprates r is released frm plants, rises t higher sea level, cls, and changes int liquid, frming cluds. Rain r snw that falls frm these cluds flws dwnhill due t gravity, frming rivers r melting int existing water paths.
Hydrpwer (水电) uses this energy frm flwing water. It uses turbines, which are turned by mving water. These turbines turn arund a rtr inside a device called generatr, turning the mtin int electricity with the help f magnets.
There are tw primary types f hydrpwer facilities (设施). The first is called the run-f-the-river facilities, which channel river water thrugh turbines. The electricity prductin fllws the timing f the river flw. When a river is running full with lts f spring rain r meltwater, the turbine can prduce mre electricity. Later in the summer, when the river flw decreases, s des the turbine’s utput. These types f pwer statins are typically small and easy t build, but there is limited ability t cntrl the amunt f electricity they prduce.
The secnd type is the dam (大坝)-based facilities. These use a slid dam t hld back the flw f a river and create an artificial lake behind it. The dam peratr releases water frm his lake, which flws thrugh pipes inside the dam. Turbines within the dam generate electricity as the water passes thrugh them, and then the water flws ut the ther side. These facilities are usually large and can affect river habitats, but they can als prduce a lt f electricity in a cntrllable manner.
Hydrpwer depends n the availability f water in flwing rivers. As climate change affects the water cycle, sme regins may have less rainfall and therefre less hydrpwer generatin. Since hydrpwer is a frm f renewable electricity, it can play a rle in limiting climate change. Hydrpwer facilities can als help avid any imbalance in electricity prductin frm wind farms and slar pwer plants.
47. The underlined wrd “evaprate” in paragraph 2 can be replaced by “________”
A. frm a circleB. turn int a gas
C. fall t the grundD. change int liquid
48. Accrding t paragraph 3, which f the fllwing wrds best fits the bx with “?” in the picture f a hydrpwer setup?
A. turbineB. magnetC. pipeD. rtr
49. What can we learn abut the tw basic types f hydrpwer facilities mentined in the passage?
A. Only dam-based facilities use water t generate electricity and they are easy t cnstruct.
B. Electricity prductin by the run-f-the-river facilities desn’t vary with river flw.
C. Dam-based facilities prvide a mre cnsiderable and adjustable electricity supply.
D. Run-f-the-river facilities have a larger impact n river habitats than dam-based facilities.
50. What is the authr’s attitude twards hydrpwer?
A. OptimisticB. CriticalC. DubtfulD. Indifferent
【正确答案】47. B 48. D 49. C 50. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了水力发电设施的主要两种类型。
【47题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第划线单词句中“This energy f mving water riginates frm the water cycle”（这种移动水的能量来源于水循环）以及“rises t higher sea level, cls, and changes int liquid, frming cluds.”（上升到更高的海平面，冷却，变成液体，形成云。）结合常识可知，此处为在水循环中，水蒸发或从植物中释放出来。故可猜测划线单词evaprate为“蒸发”的意思，结合选项B项turn int a gas“变成气体”，意思一致。故选B项。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Hydrpwer (水电) uses this energy frm flwing water. It uses turbines, which are turned by mving water. These turbines turn arund a rtr inside a device called generatr, turning the mtin int electricity with the help f magnets.”（水力发电利用流动的水的能量。它使用由流动的水驱动的涡轮机。这些涡轮机围绕一个叫做发电机的装置中的转子转动，在磁铁的帮助下将运动转化为电力。）可知，根据第3段内容，结合在水电装置的图片中，“转子”一词最适合在问号处。故选D项。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“The secnd type is the dam (大坝)-based facilities. These use a slid dam t hld back the flw f a river and create an artificial lake behind it. The dam peratr releases water frm his lake, which flws thrugh pipes inside the dam. Turbines within the dam generate electricity as the water passes thrugh them, and then the water flws ut the ther side. These facilities are usually large and can affect river habitats, but they can als prduce a lt f electricity in a cntrllable manner.”（第二种类型是大坝型设施。它们使用坚固的水坝来阻挡河流的流动，并在其后面创造一个人工湖。水坝操作员从他的湖中放水，水流经水坝内的管道。大坝内的涡轮机在水流经它们时发电，然后水从另一侧流出。这些设施通常很大，可能会影响河流的栖息地，但它们也可以以可控的方式产生大量的电力。）可知，关于文中提到的两种基本类型的水电设施，我们能了解到以水坝为基础的设施提供了更可观和可调节的电力供应。故选C项。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hydrpwer depends n the availability f water in flwing rivers. As climate change affects the water cycle, sme regins may have less rainfall and therefre less hydrpwer generatin. Since hydrpwer is a frm f renewable electricity, it can play a rle in limiting climate change. Hydrpwer facilities can als help avid any imbalance in electricity prductin frm wind farms and slar pwer plants.”（水力发电依赖于河流中水流的可用性。由于气候变化影响水循环，一些地区可能降雨量减少，从而减少水力发电。由于水力发电是一种可再生电力，它可以在限制气候变化方面发挥作用。水电设施还可以帮助避免风力发电场和太阳能发电厂的电力生产不平衡。）可推知，作者对水力发电的态度是乐观和积极的。故选A项。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Keeping a bit f the utdrs inside is nthing new, but huseplant cllectins have becme a ppular scial media trend — which means that mre peple than ever are discvering the cmfrt and beauty that caring fr plants brings.
____51____ Expsure t greenery, whether yu have indr plants, take walks utside r tend t a garden, has been fund t have multiple mental-health benefits, such as lwering stress, decreasing feelings f depressin, increasing sciability, restring fcus, imprving cgnitive perfrmance, imprving md and increasing self-esteem.
“One study shwed that patients at a hspital wh had plants in their rm reprted less pain, lwer bld pressure, less fatigue and less anxiety than patients withut plants in their rms,” says Jenny Seham, a New Yrk-based psychlgist. She explains: “Crtisl, the stress hrmne, has been shwn t lwer with plant interactin, reducing fatigue, irritability (易怒) and bld pressure.”
Research has als shwn that having plants and gardening increase prductivity and levels f sertnin the neurtransmitter respnsible fr lifting ur md. ____52____ And it is als ppsed t dwelling n the past r wrrying abut the future.
Befre yu fill yur ce with greenery, cnsider hw yu’ll interact with yur plants. ____53____ Can yu care fr them daily?
If yu have a small ce r aren’t sure hw much time yu’re willing t invest in “plant parenting.” Start slw. “____54____ It can engage yu by its smell r clur, creating a psitive md respnse with every interactin,” says Seham.
A. Fr instance, is there enugh ce fr plants in areas where yu spend a lt f time?
B. Half the fun f gardening is that yu never knw exactly what’s ging t cme up.
C. It’s a feel-gd hbby that’s supprted by science.
D. While indr gardening can bst yur feelings f wellbeing, help reduce stress and prmte relaxatin, it’s nt, f curse, a substitute fr a trained mental health prfessinal.
E. The thery is that plant care helps us fcus n the present mment and prvides a feeling f accmplishment.
F. Just ne plant can make a difference.
【正确答案】51. C 52. E 53. A 54. F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了室内植物对人们心理健康的益处。
【51题详解】
由上文第一段“Keeping a bit f the utdrs inside is nthing new, but huseplant cllectins have becme a ppular scial media trend — which means that mre peple than ever are discvering the cmfrt and beauty that caring fr plants brings (在户外活动并不是什么新鲜事，但室内植物收藏已经成为一种流行的社交媒体趋势——这意味着比以往任何时候都更多的人发现了照顾植物带来的舒适和美丽)”和下文“Expsure t greenery, whether yu have indr plants, take walks utside r tend t a garden, has been fund t have multiple mental-health benefits, such as lwering stress, decreasing feelings f depressin, increasing sciability, restring fcus, imprving cgnitive perfrmance, imprving md and increasing self-esteem. (人们发现，无论你是在室内种植植物、外出散步还是打理花园，接触绿色植物都有多种心理健康益处，如降低压力、减少抑郁感、增加社交能力、恢复注意力、改善认知表现、改善情绪和增强自尊)”可知，上文讲照顾植物可以使人们体验到更大的舒适和美，下文讲室内植物对人们的心理健康有多种好处，据常识，这些心理健康好处不是凭空得出的，依旧好处的性质来看，它们应该是经过科学研究得出的结果，C选项“这是一种有科学依据的、让人感觉良好的爱好。”中的“a feel-gd hbby”呼应上文“huseplant cllectins have becme a ppular scial media trend”“discvering the cmfrt and beauty that caring fr plants brings”，选项中“is supprted by science”引出下文讲科学认证室内植物带来的各种心理健康好处。故选C项。
【52题详解】
由上文“Research has als shwn that having plants and gardening increase prductivity and levels f sertnin, the neurtransmitter respnsible fr lifting ur md. (研究还表明，种植植物和园艺可以提高生产力和血清素水平，血清素是一种负责提升我们情绪的神经递质)”和下文“And it is als ppsed t dwelling n the past r wrrying abut the future. (它也反对沉浮于过去或担忧未来)”可知，上文讲研究结果表明种植植物和园艺的好处（可以提高生产力和血清素水平），下文讲照顾植物的另一个好处（反对沉浮于过去或担忧未来），E选项“理论上，照顾植物有助于我们专注于当下，并提供一种成就感。”承接上文进一步讲研究表明照顾植物的另外的好处，选项中“plant care helps us fcus n the present mment”也引出下文讲“照顾植物帮助人反对沉浮于过去或担忧未来”。故选E项。
【53题详解】
由上文“Befre yu fill yur ce with greenery, cnsider hw yu’ll interact with yur plants. (在你的空间充满绿色植物之前，考虑一下你将如何与植物互动)”可知，作者建议种植室内植物时需要考虑的几个问题，其后应该举实例说明有哪些问题，A选项“例如，在你花很多时间的地方是否有足够的空间种植植物？”和下文“Can yu care fr them daily? (你能每天照顾它们吗？)”都是关于养室内植物前需要考虑的一些具体问题。故选A项。
【54题详解】
结合上文讲“室内植物带来的各种心理健康好处”，下文Seham的话“It can engage yu by its smell r clur, creating a psitive md respnse with every interactin (它可以通过气味或颜色吸引你，在每次互动中都会产生积极的情绪反应)”可知，该空应起总结性作用，再次肯定室内植物的作用，F选项“只要一株植物就能起作用。”切合语境，引出下文用Seham的话佐证其好处。故选F项。
Ⅳ. Translatin(请将以下所均写在答题纸上)
Sectin A
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing sentences in English accrding t the sentences given in Chinese.
55. 这位著名艺术家的画作是他内心最深处的思想和情感的一种创造性表达。
This famus artist’s paintings were __________ f his deepest __________.
【正确答案】 ①. a creative expressin ②. thughts and feelings
【详解】考查形容词和名词。缺失汉语为“一种创造性表达”和“思想和情感”，①②一起构成名词所有格结构，以辅音音素开头的形容词creative (创造性的)作定语，修饰名词expressin (表达)，泛指“一种创造性表达”用不定冠词a，名词短语thughts and feelings (思想和情感)。故填①a creative expressin ②thughts and feelings。
56. 这本书反映了作者的智慧和经验，因此受到了读者的青睐。
The bk reflected __________, and therefre it received __________.
【正确答案】 ①. the authr’s wisdm and experience ②. readers’ favur
【详解】考查名词所有格和名词。根据汉语翻译可知，第一空需填“作者的智慧和经验”，第二空需填“读者的青睐”的英语表达，“作者的”用名词所有格表示为the authr’s，“智慧和经验”用名词wisdm and experience表示，表示抽象含义，是不可数名词。“读者的”用名词所有格表示为readers’，因为读者不止一个，故用名词复数，“青睐”用名词favur表示，表示抽象含义是不可数名词。故填①the authr’s wisdm and experience②readers’ favur。
57. 家长们期望孩子可以通过积极参加这个活动，对成年人的责任有更深的理解。
Parents expect their children t have __________ by actively __________.
【正确答案】 ①. a deeper understanding f adulthd / adults’ respnsibilities ②. participating in / taking part in this event
【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语。根据汉语提示可知，对有更深的理解为短语 have a deeper understanding f ，后接adulthd / adults’ respnsibilities作宾语。by后接动名词作宾语，参加为participate in / take part in 。活动为event。故填a deeper understanding f adulthd / adults’ respnsibilities；participating in / taking part in this event。
58. 解决这个烦人问题的方法是好好平衡工作和休息。
__________ wrking ut this annying prblem is t __________ well.
【正确答案】 ①. The slutin t / The apprach t / The way f / The methd f ②. balance (between) wrk and rest
【详解】考查固定短语和动词短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句第一处为固定短语The slutin t / The apprach t / The way f / The methd f，表示“……的方法”，后接动名词形式；该句第二处应为动词短语balance (between) wrk and rest“平衡工作和休息”；结合空前t不定式可知，应为动词原形。故分别填The slutin t / The apprach t / The way f / The methd f；balance (between) wrk and rest。
59. 他生气地盯着她看，问道：“你意识到危险了吗？”
He __________ and asked, “Are yu __________?”
【正确答案】 ①. stared at her angrily ②. aware f (the) danger
【详解】考查动词短语、副词、名词和时态。根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句第一处为表示“盯着某人”为动词短语stare at；表示“生气地”为副词angrily；结合and连接的asked可知，此处应为一般过去时；该句第二处表示“意识到”应为动词短语be aware f；表示“危险”为名词(the) danger；结合该句为一般疑问句，所以此处为aware f (the) danger的填入。故分别填stared at her angrily；aware f (the) danger。
Sectin B
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
60. 应该采取积极措施来防止疾病蔓延。(prevent)(汉译英)
【正确答案】Psitive measures shuld be taken t prevent the spread f the disease / the disease (frm) spreading.
【详解】考查动词短语。“采取措施做某事”为动词短语take measures t d sth.，“积极的”为形容词psitive作定语，修饰名词measures，“应该”为情态动词shuld，psitive measures作主语时，应用被动语态，即Psitive measures shuld be taken t，“防止”为动词prevent，“疾病蔓延”为the spread f the disease，“防止疾病蔓延”也可以用固定搭配prevent...(frm) ding sth.，翻译为prevent the disease frm spreading，故整句翻译为Psitive measures shuld be taken t prevent the spread f the disease / the disease (frm) spreading.
61. 他决定无视网上那些不相干的评论，只专注于手头上的任务。(ignre) (汉译英)
【正确答案】He decided t ignre the irrelevant cmments n the Internet and t fcus / fcused n the task at hand nly.
【详解】考查动词、名词和介词短语。根据汉语提示可知，本句为一般过去时，决定做某事为decide t d sth，无视为ignre，后接the irrelevant cmments作宾语，在网上为介词短语n the Internet。专注于为fcus n ,后接the task作宾语 ，介词短语at hand作状语。故翻译为：He decided t ignre the irrelevant cmments n the Internet and t fcus / fcused n the task at hand nly.
62. 就个人来说，我宁愿不看人人向往的日出，也不愿不顾安全，半夜三更去徒步登山。(prefer) (汉译英)
【正确答案】Persnally, I prefer nt t see the sunrise that peple lk frward t rather than g hiking in the middle f the night, regardless f safety.
【详解】考查动词，名词和短语。“就个人来说”用副词Persnally表示，“我”用人称代词I作主语，“宁愿不……也不愿”用短语prefer nt t d sth rather than d sth表示，描述客观情况用一般现在时，“看日出”表示为see the sunrise，“人人向往的”用定语从句表示为that peple lk frward t，关系代词在从句中作宾语，先行词是the sunrise，“徒步登山”表示为g hiking，“半夜三更”用介词短语in the middle f the night作时间状语，“不顾安全”用短语regardless f safety作状语。故译为Persnally, I prefer nt t see the sunrise that peple lk frward t rather than g hiking in the middle f the night, regardless f safety。
听力答案：1-10：CBACD BDCDA 11-13: BDC 14-17: ACBD
A. reminder B. partner C. nn-fictin D. setting E. survival
F. acknwledges G. tastes H. symblic I. value J. meaning K. grasps
A. reminder B. partner C. nn-fictin D. setting E. survival
F. acknwledges G. tastes H. symblic I. value J. meaning K. grasps