北师大版高考英语一轮复习第1讲冠词课时学案

这是一份北师大版高考英语一轮复习第1讲冠词课时学案，共5页。

不定冠词
不定冠词用于表示泛指，一般修饰单数可数名词，有a和an两种形式。当紧跟冠词的名词的第一个发音音素是辅音音素时，用不定冠词a；当紧跟冠词的名词的第一个发音音素是元音音素时，用不定冠词an。
1．不定冠词的基本用法
(1)用在可数名词单数前，泛指某一类人或物中的任何一个。
It is generally accepted that a by must learn t stand up and fight like a man.
人们普遍认为男孩子必须学会像男人那样站起来战斗。
(2)用在专有名词前表示“某一个”，相当于a certain。
—Excuse me，wuld yu please give the iPad t Jhn?
——打扰一下，请你把这台iPad给约翰好吗？
—Srry，but I dn't think there's a Jhn in ur class.
——对不起，但是我认为在我们班里没有叫约翰的。
(3)用在“be＋f＋a/an＋名词”结构中，表示“同一，相同”时，相当于“be＋f the same＋名词”。
The tw plants lk different，but they are f a kind(＝f the same kind)．
这两种植物看上去不同，但属于同一类。
2．不定冠词的活用
(1)用于序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。
First impressins are the mst lasting.After all，yu never get a secnd chance t make a first impressin.
最初的印象最持久。毕竟， 你不可能再有机会给别人留下一个第一印象。
(2)不定冠词可以用于某些具体化的抽象名词前。具体化的抽象名词通常有：success，failure，surprise，pleasure，beauty，pity，danger，cmfrt，hnur等。
Being able t affrd a drink wuld be a cmfrt in thse tugh times.
在那些艰苦的时期，能够买得起一杯饮料是一件令人感到欣慰的事。
(3)有些不可数名词如knwledge，cllectin，understanding等后面加f时， 前面需用不定冠词a/an。have a (gd) knwledge f...精通……；have a (clear/gd) understanding f...了解……。
If yu dn't have a gd knwledge f English，it's ut f the questin fr yu t use it flexibly and fluently!
如果你不精通英语，你就不可能灵活流利地运用它！
3．固定搭配中的不定冠词
all f a sudden突然地
as a matter f fact事实上
at a lss不知所措；困惑 pay a visit t参观；拜访
be/g n a diet节食 give sb.a lift让某人搭便车
make a fl f 愚弄 in a hurry匆忙地
make a living谋生 a waste f浪费
nce in a while偶尔 keep an eye n 留意；留神
have a gift fr在……方面有天赋
have a wrd with与……谈话
in a way从某种意义上说
as a result/cnsequence因此
with half an ear心不在焉地听
单句语法填空
1．(2022·玉溪第二次联考)Instead，she is earning ￡6，500 a day as a mdel in New Yrk.
2．(2022·鱼台模拟)It's nt all that hard t build an advanced and large vcabulary.Like many things in life，it's an nging prcess.
3．(2022·成都模拟)Musical knwledge was a matter f higher learning.
4．(2022·济宁三模)I sat next t the man and had an amazing cnversatin.
5．(2022·日照联考)Many peple may think the Frbidden City，r the Palace Museum，is an utstanding and ld­fashined museum.
6．(2022·平顶山模拟)In an era when everyne is frm the media，the Internet live bradcast area needs t maintain integrity and becmes a windw int gd scial trends.
7．(2022·大庆冲刺卷)Of the tw pems，I like the shrter ne better.I think it's really a mst interesting ne.
8．(2022·丽江三模)Althugh there has been an increasing amunt f literature abut tea in recent years，such literature is certainly nt new.
定冠词
1．定冠词的基本用法
(1)指双方都知道的人或物，或用在特指的人或物的名词前。
I just heard the bank where Dra wrks was rbbed by a gunman wearing a mask.
我刚刚听说多拉工作的那家银行被一名持枪的蒙面人抢劫了。
(2)用于某些形容词或分词前，表示一类人。
We're nt saying that everyne needs t cntribute their lives t the pr.
我们并不是说每个人都需要为穷人贡献自己的生命。
(3)用于序数词、形容词和副词的最高级以及形容词nly，very，same前，以及对两个人或物进行比较时起特定作用的比较级前。
As is knwn t all，the Peple's Republic f China is the biggest develping cuntry in the wrld.
众所周知，中华人民共和国是世界上最大的发展中国家。
This bk is the better ne f the tw.
这本书是这两者中较好的那一本。
[易错提醒]
a与mst连用，位于形容词前时，mst是表示程度的副词，意为“非常”；the与mst连用，位于形容词或副词前时，mst是最高级的标志，意为“最……的”。
(4)用于“by＋the＋表示计量单位的名词(day/hur/dzen等)”结构中， 表示“按……计算”。但size，weight这类名词与by连用时不加定冠词。
He was surprised t find that bks are sld by weight in this bkstre，that is，by the kilgram.
他惊奇地发现这家书店的书是按重量来卖的，也就是说是按公斤来卖的。
(5)用于“动词(hit，strike，pull，take等)＋sb.＋介词＋the＋表示身体部位的名词”结构中， 其中的the不可用物主代词代替。
hit sb.n the head 打某人的头
pull/take sb.by the hand拉/抓住某人的手
strike sb.in the face打某人的脸
2．固定搭配中的定冠词
at the mment 此刻，目前 by the way顺便说一下
in the way 阻碍；挡路 in the distance在远处
nt in the least 一点也不 the ther day 几天之前
t the pint中肯； 切题 take the place f 代替
n the cntrary与此相反；恰恰相反
n the ther hand另一方面
g t the cinema/theater去看电影/戏剧
in the habit f有……的习惯
make the mst/best f 充分利用
t tell (yu) the truth(跟你)说实话
fr the time being 暂时
单句语法填空
1．(2022·湛江市高三调研)The yung artists are wrking n develping riginal plays based n traditinal Chinese idims t keep the traditin alive while making it ppular again with new ideas.
2．(2022·襄阳二次摸底)He decided his tys needed a name，and he chse the name “Leg”．
3．(浙江省七彩阳光联盟2022联考)The mst recent figures shw cins and ntes are used just 34% f the time，dwn frm 63% a decade ag.
4．(2022·惠州第二次调研)Being the wrld's mst ppular nline battle game，it already has ver 200 millin players in China.
5．(2022·天津市河西区高三总复习质量调查)There was a chair by the windw.On the chair sat a yung wman with a baby in her arms.
6．(2022·沧州模拟)I can't tell yu the way t the Wilsn's because we dn't have a Wilsn here in the village.
7．(2022·武汉网考)Telling Chinese stries well is an effective way t raise the influence f Chinese culture.
【技法点拨】
语法填空中对冠词的考查
1．观察空格后部分的中心词是否是名词或相当于名词的词或短语，因为冠词的作用通常就是修饰名词。
2．准确理解语境，确定空格处所填词表示泛指还是特指。
3．理解空格处所在句子的意义，分析所填词是否是冠词活用或固定用法。题型
高考典题试做
命题角度解读
语法填空
1.(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Cvering an area abut three times the size f Yellwstne Natinal Park，the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.
2.(2022·全国甲卷)A friend f his，Wu Fan，vlunteered t be his cmpanin during the trip.
3.(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)While yu're in China，Munt Huangshan is a must t visit！
4.(2021·全国乙卷)Due t the grwing ppularity f envirnmentally­related and adventure travel，varius types f trips are nw being classified as ecturism.
1.考查冠词表泛指或特指的用法；
2.考查固定搭配中的冠词。