2024年高考英语一轮复习课件（新人教版） 第1部分 教材知识解读 选择性必修第二册 Unit 1 Science and Scientists

这是一份2024年高考英语一轮复习课件（新人教版） 第1部分 教材知识解读 选择性必修第二册 Unit 1 Science and Scientists，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了基础知识排查，核 心考点突破，blame，defend ，above all，写 作能力提升等内容，欢迎下载使用。
chlera n.霍乱diarrhea n.腹泻dehydratin n.脱水cntradictry adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的germ n.微生物；细菌；病菌pump n.泵；抽水机；打气筒water pump水泵
速记——词汇句型背诵
husehld n.一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人raw adj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的statistic n.[pl.]统计数字；统计资料；统计学epidemilgy n.流行病学micrscpe n.显微镜prtein n.蛋白质cell n.细胞；小房间；单间牢房virus n.病毒vaccine n.疫苗
framewrk n.框架；结构theretical framewrk理论框架rainbw n.彩虹cncrete n.混凝土 adj.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的plasma n.血浆aerspace n.航空航天工业patritic adj.爱国的mechanical adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的
mechanic n.机械师；机械修理工aviatin n.航空制造业；航空；飞行jet n.喷气式飞机missile n.导弹astrnmer n.天文学家astrnmy n.天文学telescpe n.望远镜
severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)suspect vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责
handle n.把手；拉手；柄 vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)；(用手)触碰link n.联系；纽带 vt.把……连接起来；相关联substantial adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的decrease n.减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低
transfrm vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变thinking n.思想；思维；见解finding n.发现；调查结果；(法律)判决initial adj.最初的；开始的；第一的slid adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的 n.固体cast vt.(cast，cast)投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷
shadw n.阴影；影子；背光处pur vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)leadership n.领导；领导地位；领导才能trace vt.追溯；追踪；查出n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹utstanding adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的abstract adj.抽象的；理论上的 n.(文献等的)摘要
cncept n.概念；观念besides prep.除……之外(还) adv.而且；此外brilliant adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的furthermre adv.此外；再者fault n.弱点；过错shift n.改变；转换；轮班 vi.& vt.转移；挪动；转向
frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→frustrate vt.使懊恼；使沮丧→frustratin n.沮丧；懊恼；挫败 infectin n.感染；传染→infect vt.使感染；传染→infectius adj.感染的；传染的
prf n.证据；证明；检验→prve vt.证明 link v.证明是 multiple adj.数量多的；多种多样的→multiply vi.& vt.乘；繁殖 interventin n.介入；出面；干涉→intervene vi.干扰；介入
pure adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→purely adv.完全地；纯粹地→purify vt.净化；使……洁净 defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解→defense/defence n.防御；保卫；保护 assistant n.助理；助手→assist vt.& vi.帮助；协助→assistance n.帮助；协助；援助
gifted adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→gift n.礼物；天赋 steady adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→steadily adv.稳定地；持续地 vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→vividly adv.生动地；逼真地；鲜明地
idim n.习语；成语ignre vt.忽视illegal adj.非法的；不合法的immediately adv.立即immigratin n.移民imprt vt.& n.进口；输入impressin n.印象；感觉incrrect adj.不正确的；错误的
nce and fr all最终地；彻底地subscribe t同意；赞同thanks t幸亏；由于break ut(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发in charge f主管；掌管cme dwn患(病)；染上(小病)
abve all最重要的是；尤其是die frm/f死于in time及时；迟早be likely t d sth 很可能做某事
Chlera used t be ne f the mst feared diseases in the wrld，until a British dctr，Jhn Snw，shwed hw it culd be vercme.(until引导的时间状语从句)在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。He discvered that in tw particular streets the chlera utbreak was s severe that mre than 500 peple died in ten days.()他发现在两条特别的街道上，霍乱暴发是如此严重以至于十天内死了500多人。
Snw suspected that the water pump was t blame.(that引导的宾语从句)斯诺怀疑水泵就是罪魁祸首。It seemed that the wman liked the water frm the pump s much that she had it delivered t her huse every day.(It seemed that...似乎……)该妇女似乎非常喜欢从水泵抽上来的水，每天都让人从那里打水运到家里来。
Accrdingly，he had the handle f the pump remved s that it culd nt be used.(have sth dne)因此，他让人把水泵的把手去掉，这样水泵就用不成了。Mst peple are familiar with images f him in his wheelchair，unable t mve and using a cmputer t talk.(形容词短语作状语)大多数人都很熟悉他坐在轮椅上无法动弹，只能通过电脑来说话的样子。
填词——语境词汇串记
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
Since the severe COVID-19 brke ut，many peple all ver the wrld have been infected.Chinese utstanding，gifted and patritic specialists in epidemilgy and their assistants have been 1.____________ tracing the surce f the virus in rder t defend mre peple frm being killed.
in charge f
They desired t prduce vaccine t 2. the deadly disease nce and fr all. Initially，with cncrete prf cllected，they suspected that wild bats were t 3. .But by bserving the virus with micrscpes，they gathered slid and multiple statistics and mastered the framewrk f the virus，which gradually transfrmed their initial cntradictry thinking.All the findings made them subscribe t the idea that the virus was nt directly 4. t the bats，which made the brilliant experts frustrated.This als cast a shadw n the experts，s they had t shift twards hw t prevent the virus frm spreading amng peple.Abve all，
the less we g ut，the less likely we will 5. with the deadly disease.Furthermre，taking in mre prtein and eating mre vegetables are gd chices as well.Last but nt least，what we shuld d is that we must wear masks utdrs.Thanks t these interventins，the threat f COVID-19 in China saw a substantial 6. .What we have experienced has taught us t lead a healthy life such as drinking pure r biled water and aviding raw fds.In cnclusin，under ur mtherland’s leadership，we have achieved steady success，tears f happiness puring dwn ur cheeks.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.指责；责备
(1) Furthermre，the bss blamed the mistake his assistant，wh wuldn’t take blame fr the mistake he hadn’t made.(2)当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是把错误归咎于其他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也负有责任。因此，我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不是指责其他人。(话题写作之人际交往)When getting alng with thers，we shuldn’t always___________________________.After all，many times .S instead f ，we shuld cmmunicate mre and put urselves in thers’ place.
blame thers fr
we are als t blame
blaming thers
• (ding...)保护……免受…… defend neself自卫；为自己辩护• in defence (f)保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护 in ne’s defence为某人辩护
vt.保卫；防守；辩解 [defenc(s)e n.防御；保卫；保护]
(1)The assistant stepped back appearing frightened and put up her hands as if defence.She seemed t defend herself ____________being injured.(2)看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。(读后续写之肢体动作描写)①Seeing the fierce snake，_____________________________________.(defend)②Seeing the fierce snake，____________________________________________________________.(defence)
frm/against
he rushed t defend his sn like an arrw
he rushed in defence f his sn/in his sn’s
defence like an arrw
cme acrss (偶然)遇见；碰见；被理解cme abut发生(无被动形式)cme n加油；到来；得了吧cme ut出版；结果是；(花)开放cme up走近；上来；被提出cme up with提出；想出(主意、计划、回答等)when it cmes t...当谈及……
染上；得了(……病)；患(病)
cme dwn (with...)
用cme的相关短语填空(1)Abve all，tell me hw the accident immediately.(2)My assistant’s first nvel ，which made me prud f him.(3)Aware that my partner a serius disease，I had knts in my thrat and rushed t hspital anxiusly.(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)(4) English learning，I have the fllwing practical suggestins t share.Firstly，when yu unfamiliar wrds，dn’t always refer t the dictinary. Besides，when teachers’ questins _______in class，yu shuld try t answers.Lastly，if yu fail，yu must say t yurself，“ ！”(应用文写作之建议信)
came dwn with
When it cmes t
cme up with
after all毕竟；终究first f all首先；第一all in all整体说来；总而言之in all全部；合计at all(否定句)一点也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟
最重要的是；首先；尤其是
用all的相关短语填空(1)The university I recmmend t yu is Beijing Language and Culture University. ，yu’d better learn sme basic Chinese befre yu cme. ，yu will be under cmpletely unfamiliar circumstances. ，studying fr a degree in a different culture is nt easy .(应用文写作之推荐信)(2)Thanks t yur timely and generus help，I managed t handle the fur prblems .
First f all/Abve all
• 画线部分是由until引导的时间状语从句，若主句的谓语动词是延续 性的，那么这个主句需用肯定形式；若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的， 则主句常用否定式，构成结构。• 倒装结构：部分倒装“Nt until＋时间状语从句或短语＋谓语助动词 ＋主语＋谓语动词”。• 强调结构：It is/was nt until＋时间状语从句或短语＋that＋主句部分。
Chlera used t be ne f the mst feared diseases in the wrld，until a British dctr，Jhn Snw，shwed hw it culd be vercme.在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。
until引导的时间状语从句
(1)我将一直在农场工作直到我挣到足够的钱帮助爸爸买辆新拖拉机。(2021·浙江6月，读后续写) t help my father buy a new tractr.(2)直到我经历了这场事故，我才意识到坏运气有可能是正在等待开启的门。(读后续写之升华句)①I wasn’t aware that bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened .()
I wuld keep wrking n the farm until I earned enugh mney
until I experienced the accident
② bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened.(倒装句)③ bad frtune might be the dr waiting t be pened.(强调句)
Nt until I experienced the accident was I aware that
It was nt until I experienced the accident that I was aware that
• 引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。• 句型的常见形式： s＋adj./adv.＋that... s＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(单数)＋that... s＋many/much/few/little(少)＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...• 句型的常见形式： such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(单数)＋that... such＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...• 当s/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。
He discvered that in tw particular streets the chlera utbreak was s severe that mre than 500 peple died in ten days.他发现在两条特别的街道上，霍乱暴发是如此严重以至于十天内死了500多人。
(1)It is nrmal fr little bys t eat little fd，s dn’t blame them.(2)他是如此紧张，以至于他感觉舌头打结，手心出汗。(读后续写之紧张心理描写)①He was he felt his tngue tied and palms sweating.② he felt his tngue tied and palms sweating.(用倒装句改写)(3)你取得了如此巨大的进步，所以我专门写信祝贺你。(应用文写作之祝贺信) ，s I am specially writing t cngratulate yu.
s nervus that
S nervus was he that
Yu have made such great prgress
(4)The self-study rm is such an appealing place that many students will gather there t further imprve their learning level.(2022·浙江6月，应用文写作)→ many students will gather there t further imprve their learning level.(用s＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋that改写)
The self-study rm is s appealing a place that
have sth dne使某事被做；请人做某事；主语遭遇到某事have sb d sth 让某人做某事have sb/sth ding sth 让某人一直做某事或让某事处于某种状态can’t have sb ding sth 不能容忍某人做某事have sth t d有某事要做
Accrdingly，he had the handle f the pump remved s that it culd nt be used.因此，他让人把水泵的把手去掉，这样水泵就用不成了。
have sth dne
(1)我们开始帮忙摘桃子，然后让人把它们送到农民家里。(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)We began t help pick peaches and then_____________________________________________.(2)我们班主任不能容忍我们浪费时间。即使我们已完成作业，他也总是让我们阅读经典来开阔我们的视野。Our head teacher .Even if we have finished ur hmewrk，he always_____________________________________________.
had them delivered t the
can’t have us wasting ur time
has us read classics t widen/braden
farmers’ huses
(3)我非常抱歉让你等了这么长时间，因为刚才我有一件紧急的事情要处理。(应用文写作之道歉信)I am terribly srry fr ，because just nw.
having yu waiting fr me fr s lng
I had an urgent thing t attend t
印证——高考原句呈现
If yu d，yu wn’t be able t handle it and the whle thing develps int an unpleasant scene and that ruins everyne’s day.(2020·全国Ⅲ)如果你不能放下个人情绪，就无法处理这样的情况。整个事情处理不好会导致不愉快的场面，这将会毁掉大家的一天。
As cl as it may be t receive a pstcard written in Chinese，the cncept desn’t wrk if ne desn’t understand it.(2021·浙江6月)当收到一张用中文写的明信片时可能很酷，但如果你不理解它，这个理念就行不通。
Fd webs may be dminated by many weak links because that arrangement is mre stable ver the lng term.(2019·天津)食物网可能是由许多弱生物链主导，因为这种安排从长远来看更加稳定。
Hearing these stries，I’m sceptical abut the place—ther destinatins are described as “purer” natural experiences.(2019·全国Ⅰ)听说这些故事时，我对这个地方表示怀疑——其他目的地被描述为“更纯粹的”自然体验。
Public libraries have transfrmed themselves int places where yu can develp yur lve f knwledge，meet interesting peple，r find ut hw t start a business.(2020·天津7月)公共图书馆已经变成了你可以培养对知识的热爱、可以见到有趣的人或者可以了解如何创业的地方。
巩固——基础知识达标
(1)Dn’t handle the vase as if it were made f steel. ____(2)Driving a car is nt just handling cntrls but judging speed and distance. ____ (3)Tea in China was traditinally drunk frm cups withut handles. ____ (4)We must learn t handle cnflicts calmly and wisely. ____
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
2.subscribe
(1)He subscribes t the view that we can tackle the severe prblem in this way nce and fr all. ____ (2)This is the schl the utstanding and patritic scientist subscribed t generusly in the past. ____ (3)Using the mney I earned in the hliday，I have subscribed t multiple magazines recently. ____
3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的汉语意思(1)The research lacks slid prf，and therefre，its cnclusins are dubtful.(2)It’s my turn t be n the night shift.(3)He read thrugh the papers and made an abstract f their cntents.
_______ _____ _____
1.Furthermre，table tennis is an interesting game that peple all ver the wrld play it.2.I have t say his defence because he，an hnest man，wn’t steal anything in the grcery reality，the mechanic made a severe mistake， (shift) his weight nervusly frm ne ft t anther.(读后续写之紧张心理描写)4.It was the (gift) girl that came up with such a brilliant idea.5.I was vercme with sadness because I (suspect) f stealing his mney.
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
was suspected
6.He cnstantly finds fault me，but I wn’t yield t utstanding astrnmer wh devted himself t his career came dwn a severe illness.8.I entirely believe that yu are nt linked what happened just nw.9.I cnvinced them t subscribe my plan，but later they changed their a sense，we shuld blame the present terrible envirnment ____ humans’ ver-cnsumptin.
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
道歉信——丢失词典我非常抱歉，在回家的路上弄丢了你的词典。(have sth dne)___________________________________________________________我是如此羞愧，以至于我晚上都睡不好。(的倒装句)___________________________________________________________直到我把词典找回来，我才会感觉舒服。(的强调句型)___________________________________________________________
I’m srry t have yur dictinary lst n my way hme.
S ashamed was I that I culdn’t sleep well at night.
It was nt until I gt the dictinary back that I wuld feel cmfrtable.
但是，似乎我永远也找不到词典了，我既沮丧又失望。(it seemed that...，形容词短语作状语)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
But it seemed that I culdn’t find the dictinary frever，frustrated and disappinted.
总而言之，我认为必须给你买一本全新的词典以表达我诚挚的歉意。(that引导的宾语从句)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
All in all，I think that I must buy yu a brand-new dictinary t express my heartfelt aplgy.
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
1.情感描写frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的
2.动作描写suspect vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责decrease vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低cast vt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷pur vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)trace vt.追溯；追踪；查出defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解assistant n.助理；助手→assist vt.帮助；协助break ut(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。我被怀疑偷了这位女士的金戒指，这使我的脸上蒙上了一层阴影。我是如此懊恼以至于泪水像洪水一样顺着脸颊流下来。后来，我想我为什么要代人受过呢？因此我尽最大努力追踪真正的小偷以捍卫我的清白。在朋友们的帮助下，我深信我会证明我是被冤枉的。