专题三 完形填空 第1讲　记叙文 课件-2024年高考英语二轮复习

这是一份专题三 完形填空 第1讲　记叙文 课件-2024年高考英语二轮复习，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了第1讲，记叙文，1根据上文提示，2根据下文提示等内容，欢迎下载使用。
完形填空主要考查考生在阅读理解的基础上运用词汇和语法的能力。在一篇230词左右的短文中留出15个空白，要求考生从每题所给的四个选项中选出正确选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。新课程标准要求考生能在语境中理解具体词语的功能、内涵和外延以及使用者的意图和态度；能理解语篇中特定语言的使用意图以及语言在反映情感态度和价值观方面所起的作用。
1.设题规律以动词、名词为主，其次是形容词、副词。着重考查考生的词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。2.选材特点主题语境包括人与自我、人与自然和人与社会，选材原汁原味，语言地道，充满正能量，倡导至真至善至美的价值观，在具体语境中考查英语核心素养。
记叙文完形填空可分为叙事和记人两种形式，它们有几个显著的特点：以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当出现直接引语。做题时要注意以下几点：
On Oct.11，hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race in Minnesta.
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛跑中，Melanie Bailey背着另一名参赛者Danielle Lenue冲过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。
Melanie Bailey shuld have 41 the curse earlier than she D.finished
design设计；fllw跟随；change改变；finish完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way t the finish line，then anther 300 feet”可知，Bailey在比赛中背着另一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey本应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 acrss the finish line.
D.excuse
D.cmpetitr
42.delay延误；chance机会；truble麻烦；excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey shuld have the curse earlier than she did.”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey本应该更早完成比赛，她的延误是因为她背着另一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选A。
43.judge裁判；vlunteer志愿者；classmate同学；cmpetitr参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race”可知，她是背着另一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
As reprted by a lcal newspaper，Bailey was mre than tw-thirds f the way thrugh her 44 when a runner in frnt f her began crying in pain.
race比赛；schl学校；twn城镇；training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。
D.training
She 45 t help her fellw runner，Danielle Lenue.Bailey tk her arm t see if she culd walk frward with 46 .
D.prmised
D.advice
45.agree同意；return回来；stp停止；prmise答应。根据下文“t help her fellw runner”可知，她停下来去帮助另一名参赛者。故选C。
46.curage勇气；aid帮助；patience耐心；advice建议。根据上文“Bailey tk her arm”可知，此处表示看Lenue是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。
She culdn’t.Bailey then 47 t let Lenue climb nt her back and carried her all the way t the finish line，then anther 300 feet t where Lenue culd get 48 attentin.
away B.std upC.stepped aside D.bent dwn
D.equal
47.g away离开； stand up站起来；step aside让路；bend dwn弯腰。根据下文“let Lenue climb nt her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让Lenue爬到她的背上。故选D。
48.medical医疗的；public公众的；cnstant持续不断的；equal平等的。根据上文的“began crying in pain”可知，Lenue感到疼痛，所以是要接受治疗，medical attentin意为“医疗处理”。故选A。
Once there，Lenue was 49 and later taken t a hspital，where she learned that she had serius injuries in ne f her knees.
interrupt打断；assess评估；identify识别；appreciate感激。根据下文“later taken t a hspital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。
D.appreciated
She wuld have struggled with extreme 50 t make it t that aid checkpint withut Bailey’s help.
hunger饥饿；pain疼痛；cld感冒；tiredness疲劳。根据上文的“began crying in pain”可知，如果没有Bailey的帮助，她会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。故选B。
D.tiredness
As fr Bailey，she is mre 51 abut why her act is cnsidered a big 52 .
D.discuraged
51.wrried担心的；ashamed惭愧的；cnfused困惑的；discuraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just ding the right thing.”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被别人认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。
52.game游戏；prblem问题；lessn课；deal交易，局面。参见上题解析。a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。
“She was just crying.I culdn’t 53 her，” Bailey tld the reprter.“I feel like I was just ding the right thing.”
leave离开，丢下；cure治愈；bther打扰；understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying.”以及Bailey一路背着Lenue走到终点线后又走了300英尺可知，Bailey看见Lenue哭喊，所以觉得不能丢下她。故选A。
D.understand
Althugh the tw yung wmen were strangers befre the 54 ，they’ve since becme friends.Neither wn the race，but the 55 f human kindness wn the day.
D.exchange
54.ride短途旅程；test测试；meet体育比赛；shw展示。根据第一段的“hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race”及空前的“the tw yung wmen were strangers befre”可知，当时是一场比赛，此处表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。
55.secret秘密；display展示；benefit益处；exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenue climb nt her back and carried her all the way t the finish line，then anther 300 feet t where Lenue culd get attentin”可知，Bailey背着另一名参赛者冲过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。
技法一　重首句，易入题
完形填空的题眼往往出现在文章的开头。通过把握首句，可以确定文章的主题、背景、人物、时间、地点、事件等，从而把握文章的发展方向，达到顺利“入题”的目的。本文第一句交代了故事发生的时间“On Oct.11”、人物“hundreds f runners”、地点“in Minnesta”和事件“a crss-cuntry race”，由此可推知下文可能要讲述主人公在越野赛跑中的经历。
My life as a tax-paying emplyed persn began in middle schl, when, fr three whle days, I wrked in a baking factry.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hugh Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 41.made little bunny(兔子) cakes fr all its 42.stres thrughut Cleveland.It happened that the plant dwntwn needed eight kids fr 43 help during ur spring break，
D.temprary
根据上文中的“in middle schl”和“fr three whle days”可推知，作者是短期打工，再结合空后的“during ur spring break”可知，此处表示春假期间，市中心的工厂临时需要八个孩子来帮忙。
fr which I had n 44.plans beynd listening t my favrite recrds.I’d 45 minimum wage.I’d see hw a factry 46 .My parents thught all f this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their 47.permissin.
D.suggest
D.survived
45.根据上文中的“as a tax-paying emplyed persn began in middle schl”和空后的“minimum wage”可知，作者当时还是中学生，要做的是临时工的工作，挣的是最低工资。
46.由上文中的“I wrked in a baking factry.”可知，作者去工厂打工，在那里她可以获知工厂是如何运转的。
技法二　寻复现，找答案
在高考完形填空中，命题人往往通过原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、同源词复现、反义词复现、上下词复现等方式重现已经出现过的词汇。做题时，在把握语篇、透析语境的前提下，应留心选项中是否有与上下文相对应的词汇，运用词汇复现技巧快速锁定答案。常见的词汇复现方式如下：(1)原词复现——在上下文中同一词汇重复出现原词复现是指一个单词在一个语义场中以同样的词形反复出现，有时兼有词形变化。如上文中44题的race是文章第一句中的race的原词复现。
“I’m ging t inspire s many peple，” she said.“I’m ready t 60 .” And shine she D.scre
shine照耀，发光；fly飞行；dance跳舞；scre得分。由上文“I’m ging t inspire s many peple”和下文“And shine she did.”可知，她认为自己将会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人。空格处的shine是空后shine 的原词复现。故选A。
(2)同根词复现——词形变化的词汇复现同根词复现是指文中的某个句子中复现了所填词的派生词。这类题首先要求考生在平时的学习中掌握基本的构词法和基本词缀，其次是要能在上下文中找出相应的线索。如上文中43题的cmpetitr是上文中cmpete的同根词复现。
It just 44.happened that I was planning anther PNP flight with anther pilt，Karen，wh 45.ffered t take Tiffy frm Kansas City t Virginia.What I was t d was fly t Tpeka t 46.pick up
The flight was 53.uneventful，and Tiffy was a great passenger.The next day，she 54 with Karen and made it back t Gerge in Virginia within a few days.He was s 55.thankful and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.It felt great t knw that I had helped bring this family tgether D.agreed
return返回；fight打仗；fly飞；agree同意。根据上文中“I was planning anther PNP flight with anther pilt，Karen，wh 45.ffered t take Tiffy frm Kansas City t Virginia”和空前的“The flight was 53.uneventful，and Tiffy was a great passenger.”可知，Karen带着Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。本空中的flew与前文的flight是同根词复现。故选C。
(3)同/近义词复现——意思相同、相近的表达方式或者解释性的词汇复现同/近义词复现是指上下文中的某个甚至是多个句子出现了所填词的同/近义词，对所填词所在的句子起到了诠释或照应的作用。
T becme the Olympic champin in the individual(个人) all-arund event，Gabby Duglas had t leave everything she 41.knew at 14，Duglas knew that.S she 47 abut 1,200 miles away frm hme，t 48.train with a cach frm ut B.mved nC.pulled ver D.went ff
drp ut退出；mve n继续；pull ver靠边停车；g ff离开。由下文“abut 1,200 miles away frm hme”可知，Gabby Duglas到了一个离家1 200英里的地方。空中的 went ff与第41空前的leave是同义词复现。故选D。
Eventually，Ms Burdeyney learned abut plans fr an eye research 43 at Tel Aviv University in Burdeyney began raising 46.mney fr the prject with a friend，Trnt businessman Meyer D.cnference
prgram项目。由46空后的the prject可知，此处指一个眼睛研究项目。故选B。prgram与prject是同义词复现。
(4)反义词复现——意思相反或对比性解释的词汇复现反义词复现是指上下文中的某个句子与所填词所在的句子表达了相反的意思，在原句和复现句之间常有but，hwever，r，while等词进行连接，表达相反或相对的含义。
When I met Tiffy’s wners，they seemed very 47 .Gerge，the husband，was trying t be calm，but I culd tell this was 48.hard fr him，having t leave his dg t a 49.stranger and trust that everything wuld 50.wrk B.nervus C.annyed D.curius
cnfused困惑的；nervus紧张的；annyed恼怒的；curius好奇的。由but可知，此处与空后的calm(平静的)构成反义关系，也就是要表示“紧张的，不安的”。
(5)同场词汇复现——意义相关的词汇复现意义相关的词汇复现在同一语篇中，构成以某一话题为中心的词汇链，因其共同出现的倾向性，被称为“同场”词汇。比如：ears与hear/listen t；ill，pale，nurse，dctr和peratin等。
We brught yung children aged 2－4 int ur Minds in Develpment Lab at USC.Each 47.child sat dwn with an adult wh cvered her wn eyes r 48 .We then asked the child if she culd 49 r hear the adult. D.ears
48.ft脚；nse鼻子；hand手；ear耳朵。根据下文“r hear the adult”可知，实验中，儿童被询问是否能听到成年人的声音，所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。此处ears与下文中的hear是同场词汇复现。
49.see看见；help帮助；reach到达；fl欺骗。根据上文“an adult wh cvered her wn eyes”可知，成年人遮住了自己的眼睛，所以此处儿童被询问是否能看见成年人。此处see与上文中的eyes是同场词汇复现。
Surprisingly，children replied that they culdn’t.The same 50.thing happened when the adult cvered her wn muth：51.Nw children said that they culdn’t 52 t her.
speak说；listen听；turn转；wave挥手。根据语境，此处表示当成年人捂住自己的嘴，此时孩子们说他们不能和成年人说话了。此处speak与上文中的muth是同场词汇复现。
技法三　看语境，辨词义
语境就是指文章的上下文，着重考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析、推理、判断的能力。考生要通过上下文的提示或暗示，对文章进行整体把握。因此，在做题时要有全局观念，开头的题目要从下文找答案，中间或最后的题目要从上下文查找信息。即使考查词组，也是在理解语境前提下的词义复现。近几年的高考真题更侧重于考生对具体语境的把握，尤其是对整篇文章语义的理解能力。所设选项中，三个干扰项不一定是错误的，而是不符合所在语篇语言环境的特点，因此突出了语境化和整体性，主要涉及时间、地点、方向、情感、动作等。如上文的第41、42、45、46、47、48、49、50、51、52、53、54、55题是通过分析上下文语境得知答案的。
As reprted by a lcal newspaper，Bailey was mre than tw-thirds f the way thrugh her 44.race when a runner in frnt f her began crying in pain.She 45.stpped t help her fellw runner，Danielle Lenue.Bailey tk her arm t see if she culd walk frward with 46 .She culdn’ D.advice
curage勇气；aid帮助；patience耐心；advice建议。根据上文语境“She 45.stpped t help her fellw runner”可知，此处表示看Lenue是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。
They had t mve t Virginia but they were n a very tight 41 .They culd nt affrd t pay fr 42.transprtatin fr their dg，Tiffy，and 43.desperately wanted t take her with D.cnnectin
turn转折点；budget预算；schedule时间表；cnnectin联系。根据下文语境“They culd nt affrd t pay fr 42.transprtatin fr their dg，Tiffy”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。
(2023·广东二模)Every August，teams with players abut 10 years ld play baseball acrss the US.
本文是一篇记叙文。在少年棒球联盟比赛中，Kaiden Sheltn不小心砸中了对方击球手Isaiah Jarvis，虽然Isaiah没事，但Kaiden吓坏了，于是Isaiah主动拥抱了他，并给他安慰，这一幕感动了许多人，而他们也收获了珍贵的友谊。
Their aim is t becme Little League 1 .
D.reprters
candidate候选人；vlunteer志愿者；champin冠军；reprter记者。根据上文“play baseball acrss the US”和“Their aim”以及常识可知，参加棒球比赛的目的是成为冠军。故选C。
In this year’s game，Isaiah Jarvis，a Little League batter(击球手)， 2 the pitcher(投球手)，Kaiden Sheltn，wh threw a baseball that hit him in the head.
D.identified
replace代替；hug拥抱；challenge挑战；identify认出。根据第三段中的“He calmly walked tward Kaiden and gave him a big hug”可知，此处为hug原词复现，表示Isaiah Jarvis拥抱了Kaiden Sheltn。故选B。
The 3 scene brught tears t the eyes f the crwd in the stadium.
D.tuching
embarrassing令人尴尬的；cnfusing令人困惑的；amusing好笑的；tuching感人的。根据空后的“brught tears”可知，这个场景非常感人。故选D。
On August 7th，Kaiden Sheltn，frm Texas， 4 Isaiah Jarvis，frm Oklahma，at the plate.
D.needed
face面对；save拯救；assist援助；need需要。根据上文中的“Isaiah Jarvis，a Little League batter(击球手)”和“the pitcher(投球手)，Kaiden Sheltn”及常识可知，在棒球比赛中，一方的击球手和对方的投球手处于面对面防守和进攻的位置。故选A。
With tw strikes against Isaiah，Kaiden 5 lst cntrl f his pitch.The ball hit Isaiah in his helmet，sending him t the grund.
D.nearly
pssibly可能；suddenly突然；gradually逐渐；nearly差不多。根据下文的“The ball hit Isaiah in his helmet，sending him t the grund.”可知，这次投球出现了一个意外，这说明Kaiden突然失去了对投球力度的控制。故选B。
The field staff immediately 6 him and fund him t be OK.
t B.appealed tC.referred t D.bjected t
attend t处理，照料；appeal t对……有吸引力；refer t指的是；bject t反对。根据空后的“fund him t be OK”和常识可知，现场工作人员在有人受伤的情况下应立即赶去处理。故选A。
He decided t remain in the 7 .
D.turnament
vide视频；celebratin庆祝活动；game比赛；turnament锦标赛。根据上文中的“fund him t be OK”和空前的“decided t remain”可知，发现自己没事后，他决定继续比赛。故选C。
Yet Kaiden，the pitcher，appeared t be 8 .
D.panicked
disappinted失望的；annyed生气的；surprised惊讶的；panicked惊慌失措的。根据下文中的“battling emtins”可知，Kaiden因为这种意外的发生而变得惊慌失措。故选D。
Isaiah called a timeut upn seeing his 9 battling emtins.
partner伙伴；ppnent对手；cach教练；fan狂热爱好者。由第二段首句可知，Isaiah和Kaiden是对手。故选B。
He calmly walked tward Kaiden and gave him a big hug，trying t 10 him.
D.instruct
prtect保护；rescue救援；cmfrt安慰；instruct指示。根据下文中的“Hey，yu’re ding just great.”可知，Isaiah想要安慰Kaiden。故选C。
“Hey，yu’re ding just great.” Kaiden later shared with NBC News，“These 11 wrds frm him really helped me.”
D.cntradictry
pwerful强有力的；typical典型的；familiar熟悉的；cntradictry相互矛盾的。根据空后的“really helped me”可知，Isaiah说的话非常有力，帮助到了Kaiden。故选A。
A vide f the mment was psted nline and attracted mre than 6.5 millin views.Danny Graves，a sprts annuncer，said Isaiah’ s 12 was the best thing he had ever seen in Little League baseball.
D.pliteness
strength体力；sprtsmanship体育精神；genersity慷慨；pliteness礼貌。根据第三段中的“He calmly walked tward Kaiden and gave him a big hug”可知，在看到对手情绪激动后，Isaiah主动安慰对手，这是体育精神的体现。故选B。
The Texas team wn the game 9-4 t 13 t the Little League Wrld Series.
apply运用；return返回；cnnect联系；head朝(某方向)行进。根据空前的“wn the game”和空后的“the Little League Wrld Series”可知，此处是说朝着少年棒球联盟世界大赛前进，即晋级。故选D。
And Isaiah was als 14 t the game t celebrate its 75th anniversary.
D.selected
link连接；admit承认；invite邀请；select挑选。根据第二段的“Kaiden Sheltn，frm Texas， Isaiah Jarvis，frm Oklahma”和最后一段中的“The Texas team wn the game”可知，Kaiden所在的得克萨斯州球队赢得比赛，并顺利晋级，所以Isaiah没有参加接下来的比赛，而是被邀请来观看。故选C。
The pair tld NBC News they think their newfund 15 will last beynd any turnament.
D.freedm
friendship友谊；ppularity流行；wealth财富；freedm自由。通读全文并结合空前的newfund可知，Kaiden和Isaiah经过这次比赛后建立了友谊。故选A。