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小升初英语知识汇总——词汇(课件)人教精通版英语六年级下册
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这是一份小升初英语知识汇总——词汇(课件)人教精通版英语六年级下册,共60页。
小升初知识汇总词汇名词一 名词的定义及用法 名词是表示人、事、物、地点或抽象概念的统一名称。名词是在句子中用作动词的主语或宾语的词, 或是在独立结构中表示名称的词, 或是在连系动词后作表语的词。二 名词的分类三 可数名词 可数名词是指可以用数目来计算的人或事物。它有单数和复数两种形式。单数:指一个人或一件事物。例词:a woman 一个女人, a toy 一个玩具复数:指两个或多个人或事物。例词:some rulers 一些尺子, some eggs 一些鸡蛋四 不可数名词1. 常见的不可数名词:bread 面包, rice 米饭, beef 牛肉, fish 鱼肉, chicken 鸡肉, soup 汤, juice 果汁, milk 牛奶, water 水, tea 茶, salad 沙拉2. 不可数名词所表示的事物不能直接用数目来计算, 没有单复数的变化, 表示数量时, 需要借助量词。 (1) 借助量词bottle, bag, pair, cup 等表示一定的数量, 量词有复数形式, 其结构是“数词+ 量词+ of + 名词”。例如:I have a pair of pants. 我有一条裤子。I’d like two cups of tea. 我想要两杯茶。 (2) 用much, little, some, a little, a lot of, lots of, enough 等修饰不可数名词, 表示大约的量。例如:There is some water in the glass. 杯子里有一些水。There is a lot of water in the pool. 游泳池里有大量的水。五 名词所有格 在英语中, 名词所有格表示人或事物的所属关系。提分练 一、用所给词的适当形式填空。l. I can see two _________ (watch) on the desk. (辽宁省沈阳市) 2. Can I have some _________ (tea) ?(天津市河西区改编) watches点拨:1. 由two 可知是两块手表,watch 以-ch 结尾,在词尾加-es。tea点拨:2. 茶是不可数名词,所以用原形。3. Jim’s parents are doctors. My parents are _________ (teach) . (辽宁省鞍山市) 4. John will buy a _________ (gift) in the afternoon. (江西省萍乡市) teachers点拨:3. 根据前句句意“吉姆的父母是医生”可知,空格处应该填入表示职业的名词teacher,主语My parents 是复数,故在词尾加-s。gift点拨:4. 根据不定冠词a 可知空格处应填单数,故答案为gift。5. In autumn, _________ (leaf) fall down from the trees. (山东省滨州市) 6. My hair is long, but _________ (Amy) is short.leaves点拨:5.句意:秋天叶子从树上飘落。leaf 意为“树叶”,是可数名词,leaf 以f结尾,需要把f 变为v,再加-es。Amy’s7. September 10th is __________ (teacher) Day.8. John didn’t buy any _________ (bread) yesterday, because he lost his money. (安徽省蚌埠市) Teachers’bread点拨:8. bread 是不可数名词,故用原形。9. There are many _________ (peach) on those shelves. (广东省梅州市) 10. There are many _________ (potato) in the basket. (浙江省嘉兴市) peachespotatoes点拨:10. 根据many 可知要用复数,potato 以o 结尾,是有生命的事物,所以需要在词尾加-es。提分练 二、根据句意及首字母提示完成句子。1. My uncle is a w . He works in a factory.orker点拨:根据“He works in a factory.” 可知我的叔叔是一位工人,故填worker。2. I want to be a w in the future. Because I like writing.3. He works in a h . He is a doctor.riter点拨:2. 根据“I like writing 我喜欢写作”可知,我未来要当一名作家,故填writer。ospital4. He is a p . He always helps the people in need.5. My father is an a . He acts many characters in the theater.oliceman点拨:4. 根据第二句句意“他总是帮助有需要的人”和首字母提示可知他是一名警察。ctor点拨:5. 根据“acts”可知答案。数词一 定义 表示数量或顺序的词叫作数词。二 分类 数词分为基数词和序数词。三 数词的常见用法1. 基数词的用法:①表示物品的数量。例如:I have two dogs. 我有两只狗。②表示几点钟或几点几分。例如:It’s six o’clock. 六点钟了。③表示编号,例如:I am in Class 1, Grade 6. 我在六年级一班。④ 表示货币,常用“基数词+ 货币单位”,例如:The dress is sixty-eight yuan. 这条裙子68 元。2. 序数词常用于日期的表达。例如:10 月1 日 写作:October 1st 读作:October the first易错点提示: 一般在句子中使用时,序数词前面要加定冠词the。提分练 三、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Mike’s bedroom is on the _________ (two) floor.second点拨:句意:迈克的卧室在二层。故此处用序数词 second。2. Tuesday is the _________ (three) day of a week.3. Tom is Mr Green’s _________ (one) child.4. The _________ (five) month of a year is May.third点拨:2.句意:星期二是一周的第三天。故填序数词 third。first点拨:3. 句意:汤姆是格林先生的第一个孩子。故此处用序数词 first。fifth点拨:4. 句意:五月是一年中的第五个月份。故此处用序数词fifth。提分练 四、单项选择。( ) 1. Christmas Day is on ________ every year.(湖北省十堰市竹溪县) A. December 25th B. December 24th C. December 23rdA点拨:圣诞节在12 月25 日。( ) 2. There are ________ days in August. (广东省阳江市) A. thirty B. thirteen C. thirty-oneC点拨:八月份有31 天。( ) 3. Andy is ________ years old. Today is his ________ birthday.(安徽省铜陵市铜官区改编) A. five; five B. fifth; fifth C. five; fifthC点拨:句意:安迪今年五岁。今天是他的第五个生日。故第一个空填基数词,第二个空填序数词。冠词一 冠词的定义及分类冠词是一种虚词,不能单独使用,需要放在名词之前,帮助说明名词的含义。一般分为不定冠词和定冠词。二 冠词的用法1. 不定冠词有a 和an 两种形式,用在可数名词的单数形式前。a:a 用于以辅音音素开头的单词前,读作/æ/。例如:a book 一本书 a desk 一张桌子an:an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前,读作/æ/。例如:an orange 一个橙子 an umbrella 一把雨伞2. 定冠词the 可以用在可数名词单、复数及不可数名词前。三 不用冠词的情况单独使用名词而不用冠词的情况叫作零冠词。提分练 五、单项选择。( )1. There is ______ orange on the plate. ______ orange is Li Hong’s.(广东省佛山市三水区)A. an; An B. an; The C. the; AnB点拨:因为第一空表示泛指,且orange是以元音音素开头的,所以第一个空用an; 第二空是特指这个橙子,应用定冠词The。( )2. I like playing ______ football, but my brother likes playing ______ violin. (广东省湛江市徐闻县)A. /; the B. the; the C. the; /A点拨:球类运动前不需要加冠词,乐器前要加定冠词the。( )3. Would you like ______ apple or ______ pear? (安徽省蚌埠市)A. an; an B. an; a C. a; anB点拨:apple 是以元音音素开头,故用an; pear 是以辅音音素开头,故用a。( )4. I can play the piano and I can play ______ chess, too.A. a B. the C. /C点拨:棋类名词前不需要加冠词。( )5. China is ______ old and interesting country. People in ______ country welcome visitors.A. an; a B. an; the C. a; theB点拨:old 是以元音音素开头,故用an; 根据后句句意“这个国家的人民欢迎参观者”可知,country 前要加定冠词the。疑问词一 疑问词的定义及用法 疑问词是用来构建疑问句的词语。疑问词用于特殊疑问句中,一般放在句首。二 常见疑问词(组)及其用法一览表提分练 六、单项选择。( )1. —______ was the beach in Australia?—It was beautiful!(杭州市余杭区)A. What B. How C. WhereB( ) 2. —______ —I’m going to the zoo.(山东省济宁市邹城市)A. What are going to do? B. Where are you going?C. When are you going?B点拨:根据zoo 可知是询问地点,故选B。( ) 3. —When are you going to Hong Kong?—______ . (内蒙古通辽市扎鲁特旗)A. This weekend B. Last weekend C. YesterdayA点拨:When 询问的是时间,根据be going to 可知是询问将来的时间,B、C 选项均表示过去的时间,故选A。( ) 4. —______ T-shirt is this? —It’s Lucy’s.(广东省湛江市徐闻县)A. Whose B. Who C. WhatA点拨:根据答句中的“Lucy’s”可知询问物品是谁的,故选A。提分练 七、选择合适的疑问词(组)填空。(陕西省西安市雁塔区)1. —________ did you go last Sunday? —I went to a forest park.Where2. —________ did he do yesterday? —He did his homework at home.3. —___________ apples do you have? —I have three apples.What点拨:2. 根据did his homework 可知询问他昨天做了什么,故用 What 提问。How many4. —________ is he? —He is my friend.5. —________ do you often go to school? —By subway.Who点拨:4. 询问是谁用Who。How点拨:5. 根据答句“By subway.”可知询问的是上学的交通方式,故用How。形容词一 形容词的定义及用法 形容词是用来描述或修饰名词或代词的词,说明人或事物的性质、状态、特征或属性。常用作定语,也可作宾语补足语、表语等。二 形容词的比较级和最高级的变化规则提分练 八、根据句意,补全句子。1. Look! The sun is getting lower and lower, but its shadow is getting _________.(贵州省黔东南州)2. The bike is ________ (重) than the toy bus.(浙江省杭州市下城区)longerheavier提分练 九、单项选择。( )1. Zhang Peng is ________ boy in our class.(内蒙古通辽市扎鲁特旗)A. tall B. the tallest C. tallerB点拨:对比的范围是全班的同学,所以应该用形容词的最高级。( )2. A bird is ________ than a dinosaur.(内蒙古通辽市扎鲁特旗)A. bigger B. smaller C. heavierB介词一 介词的定义及用法介词是用来表示词与词或词与句之间的关系的一种虚词。不能单独使用,一般与名词、代词、形容词等搭配成短语使用。二 常见介词短语及其用法一览表提分练 十、单项选择。( )1. The game is _______ the school gym _______ 7:00.(贵州省遵义市仁怀市)A. in; at B. in; in C. at; inA点拨:在几点钟前用介词at,根据排除法可知应选A。( )2. I usually go to school _______ .(山东省济宁市邹城市)A. by foot B. by the bus C. by bikeC点拨:根据题意可知本题考查的是“by+ 交通工具”,故本题选C。( )3. Go straight, and you can see the bookstore _______ the left.(广东省雷州市)A. in B. on C. byB点拨:on the left 在左边。( )4. My birthday is _______ May.(广东省湛江市徐闻县)A. in B. on C. atA点拨:在几月用介词 in。( )5.—When is the art show?(安徽省安庆市迎江区)—It’s _______ May 1st.A. at B. in C. onC( )6. Helen is very tall _______ her father.(江苏省盐城市)A. like B. likes C. is likeA点拨:根据句意可知like 意思是“像”,作介词,故选A。( )7. There is a small shop _______ the library.(辽宁省鞍山市铁东区)A. of B. off C. in front ofC点拨:in front of 在……前面,固定搭配。( )8. I often go to school _______ 7:30.(安徽省马鞍山市)A. in B. on C. atC点拨:在具体某一时刻前用介词 at。提分练 十一、选择合适的词填空,完成句子。(只填序号)(河南省漯河市源汇区)1. They put the caps _______ their heads.B点拨:put sth. on... 把某物放到……上。2. Life is changing _______ China.3. David brought us lots _______ joy at school.E点拨:2. in China 在中国。D点拨:3. lots of意为“许多”,是固定搭配。4. Yesterday I watched TV _______ my little brother.5. In this photo, they are looking _______ some tigers.A点拨:4. 和……一起,用介词with。C点拨:5. look at看,是固定搭配。代词一 常见代词一览表二 代词的定义、用法及分类 代词是指代名词或一句话的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。1. 人称代词的用法:(1)人称代词作主语时用主格,一般放在句首。例如:I am a student. 我是一名学生。(2)人称代词的宾格一般放在动词或介词后面。例如:Look at me. 看着我。I can help you. 我可以帮助你。2. 形容词性物主代词后面需要接名词,作为定语使用,不能单独使用。例如:This is my room. 这是我的房间。3. 名词性物主代词= 形容词性物主代词+ 名词例如:My pencil is long, and yours is short. 我的铅笔长,你的铅笔短。(yours=your pencil)4. 反身代词有两种用法:(1)作宾语,表示动作的对象是动作执行者本身。例如: He saw himself in the water. 他在水里看到了他自己。(2)作同位语,可译为“亲自”“本人/ 身” “自己”,起加强名词或代词语气的作用。例如: The story itself is not funny.这个故事本身不好笑。三 常见指示代词及其用法一览表提分练 十二、单项选择。( )1. —Whose are these blue gloves?—They are _______, thank you.(浙江省杭州市余杭区)A. my B. mine C. meB点拨:根据题意可知“蓝色的手套是我的”,故此处用名词性物主代词mine。( )2. Could you give _______ some water, please?(河南省商丘市睢县)A. he B. we C. herC点拨:give是动词,后面加宾格,故选C。( )3. The sunglasses are nice. Can I try _______ on?(安徽省滁州市琅琊区)A. them B. it C. theyA点拨:sunglasses是复数,且作宾语,所以用them指代,故选A。( )4. This is _______ dictionary. But where is _______?(安徽省铜陵市铜官区)A. his;my B. his;mine C. he;myB( )5. —Are these gloves _______ ?—No. They’re not _______. They are _______.(安徽省滁州市)A. yours;your gloves;theirs B. yours;our gloves;hisC. ours;yours;theirB点拨:句意:——这些手套是你们的吗?——不,它们不是我们的手套。它们是他的手套。根据句意可知答案应选B。
小升初知识汇总词汇名词一 名词的定义及用法 名词是表示人、事、物、地点或抽象概念的统一名称。名词是在句子中用作动词的主语或宾语的词, 或是在独立结构中表示名称的词, 或是在连系动词后作表语的词。二 名词的分类三 可数名词 可数名词是指可以用数目来计算的人或事物。它有单数和复数两种形式。单数:指一个人或一件事物。例词:a woman 一个女人, a toy 一个玩具复数:指两个或多个人或事物。例词:some rulers 一些尺子, some eggs 一些鸡蛋四 不可数名词1. 常见的不可数名词:bread 面包, rice 米饭, beef 牛肉, fish 鱼肉, chicken 鸡肉, soup 汤, juice 果汁, milk 牛奶, water 水, tea 茶, salad 沙拉2. 不可数名词所表示的事物不能直接用数目来计算, 没有单复数的变化, 表示数量时, 需要借助量词。 (1) 借助量词bottle, bag, pair, cup 等表示一定的数量, 量词有复数形式, 其结构是“数词+ 量词+ of + 名词”。例如:I have a pair of pants. 我有一条裤子。I’d like two cups of tea. 我想要两杯茶。 (2) 用much, little, some, a little, a lot of, lots of, enough 等修饰不可数名词, 表示大约的量。例如:There is some water in the glass. 杯子里有一些水。There is a lot of water in the pool. 游泳池里有大量的水。五 名词所有格 在英语中, 名词所有格表示人或事物的所属关系。提分练 一、用所给词的适当形式填空。l. I can see two _________ (watch) on the desk. (辽宁省沈阳市) 2. Can I have some _________ (tea) ?(天津市河西区改编) watches点拨:1. 由two 可知是两块手表,watch 以-ch 结尾,在词尾加-es。tea点拨:2. 茶是不可数名词,所以用原形。3. Jim’s parents are doctors. My parents are _________ (teach) . (辽宁省鞍山市) 4. John will buy a _________ (gift) in the afternoon. (江西省萍乡市) teachers点拨:3. 根据前句句意“吉姆的父母是医生”可知,空格处应该填入表示职业的名词teacher,主语My parents 是复数,故在词尾加-s。gift点拨:4. 根据不定冠词a 可知空格处应填单数,故答案为gift。5. In autumn, _________ (leaf) fall down from the trees. (山东省滨州市) 6. My hair is long, but _________ (Amy) is short.leaves点拨:5.句意:秋天叶子从树上飘落。leaf 意为“树叶”,是可数名词,leaf 以f结尾,需要把f 变为v,再加-es。Amy’s7. September 10th is __________ (teacher) Day.8. John didn’t buy any _________ (bread) yesterday, because he lost his money. (安徽省蚌埠市) Teachers’bread点拨:8. bread 是不可数名词,故用原形。9. There are many _________ (peach) on those shelves. (广东省梅州市) 10. There are many _________ (potato) in the basket. (浙江省嘉兴市) peachespotatoes点拨:10. 根据many 可知要用复数,potato 以o 结尾,是有生命的事物,所以需要在词尾加-es。提分练 二、根据句意及首字母提示完成句子。1. My uncle is a w . He works in a factory.orker点拨:根据“He works in a factory.” 可知我的叔叔是一位工人,故填worker。2. I want to be a w in the future. Because I like writing.3. He works in a h . He is a doctor.riter点拨:2. 根据“I like writing 我喜欢写作”可知,我未来要当一名作家,故填writer。ospital4. He is a p . He always helps the people in need.5. My father is an a . He acts many characters in the theater.oliceman点拨:4. 根据第二句句意“他总是帮助有需要的人”和首字母提示可知他是一名警察。ctor点拨:5. 根据“acts”可知答案。数词一 定义 表示数量或顺序的词叫作数词。二 分类 数词分为基数词和序数词。三 数词的常见用法1. 基数词的用法:①表示物品的数量。例如:I have two dogs. 我有两只狗。②表示几点钟或几点几分。例如:It’s six o’clock. 六点钟了。③表示编号,例如:I am in Class 1, Grade 6. 我在六年级一班。④ 表示货币,常用“基数词+ 货币单位”,例如:The dress is sixty-eight yuan. 这条裙子68 元。2. 序数词常用于日期的表达。例如:10 月1 日 写作:October 1st 读作:October the first易错点提示: 一般在句子中使用时,序数词前面要加定冠词the。提分练 三、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Mike’s bedroom is on the _________ (two) floor.second点拨:句意:迈克的卧室在二层。故此处用序数词 second。2. Tuesday is the _________ (three) day of a week.3. Tom is Mr Green’s _________ (one) child.4. The _________ (five) month of a year is May.third点拨:2.句意:星期二是一周的第三天。故填序数词 third。first点拨:3. 句意:汤姆是格林先生的第一个孩子。故此处用序数词 first。fifth点拨:4. 句意:五月是一年中的第五个月份。故此处用序数词fifth。提分练 四、单项选择。( ) 1. Christmas Day is on ________ every year.(湖北省十堰市竹溪县) A. December 25th B. December 24th C. December 23rdA点拨:圣诞节在12 月25 日。( ) 2. There are ________ days in August. (广东省阳江市) A. thirty B. thirteen C. thirty-oneC点拨:八月份有31 天。( ) 3. Andy is ________ years old. Today is his ________ birthday.(安徽省铜陵市铜官区改编) A. five; five B. fifth; fifth C. five; fifthC点拨:句意:安迪今年五岁。今天是他的第五个生日。故第一个空填基数词,第二个空填序数词。冠词一 冠词的定义及分类冠词是一种虚词,不能单独使用,需要放在名词之前,帮助说明名词的含义。一般分为不定冠词和定冠词。二 冠词的用法1. 不定冠词有a 和an 两种形式,用在可数名词的单数形式前。a:a 用于以辅音音素开头的单词前,读作/æ/。例如:a book 一本书 a desk 一张桌子an:an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前,读作/æ/。例如:an orange 一个橙子 an umbrella 一把雨伞2. 定冠词the 可以用在可数名词单、复数及不可数名词前。三 不用冠词的情况单独使用名词而不用冠词的情况叫作零冠词。提分练 五、单项选择。( )1. There is ______ orange on the plate. ______ orange is Li Hong’s.(广东省佛山市三水区)A. an; An B. an; The C. the; AnB点拨:因为第一空表示泛指,且orange是以元音音素开头的,所以第一个空用an; 第二空是特指这个橙子,应用定冠词The。( )2. I like playing ______ football, but my brother likes playing ______ violin. (广东省湛江市徐闻县)A. /; the B. the; the C. the; /A点拨:球类运动前不需要加冠词,乐器前要加定冠词the。( )3. Would you like ______ apple or ______ pear? (安徽省蚌埠市)A. an; an B. an; a C. a; anB点拨:apple 是以元音音素开头,故用an; pear 是以辅音音素开头,故用a。( )4. I can play the piano and I can play ______ chess, too.A. a B. the C. /C点拨:棋类名词前不需要加冠词。( )5. China is ______ old and interesting country. People in ______ country welcome visitors.A. an; a B. an; the C. a; theB点拨:old 是以元音音素开头,故用an; 根据后句句意“这个国家的人民欢迎参观者”可知,country 前要加定冠词the。疑问词一 疑问词的定义及用法 疑问词是用来构建疑问句的词语。疑问词用于特殊疑问句中,一般放在句首。二 常见疑问词(组)及其用法一览表提分练 六、单项选择。( )1. —______ was the beach in Australia?—It was beautiful!(杭州市余杭区)A. What B. How C. WhereB( ) 2. —______ —I’m going to the zoo.(山东省济宁市邹城市)A. What are going to do? B. Where are you going?C. When are you going?B点拨:根据zoo 可知是询问地点,故选B。( ) 3. —When are you going to Hong Kong?—______ . (内蒙古通辽市扎鲁特旗)A. This weekend B. Last weekend C. YesterdayA点拨:When 询问的是时间,根据be going to 可知是询问将来的时间,B、C 选项均表示过去的时间,故选A。( ) 4. —______ T-shirt is this? —It’s Lucy’s.(广东省湛江市徐闻县)A. Whose B. Who C. WhatA点拨:根据答句中的“Lucy’s”可知询问物品是谁的,故选A。提分练 七、选择合适的疑问词(组)填空。(陕西省西安市雁塔区)1. —________ did you go last Sunday? —I went to a forest park.Where2. —________ did he do yesterday? —He did his homework at home.3. —___________ apples do you have? —I have three apples.What点拨:2. 根据did his homework 可知询问他昨天做了什么,故用 What 提问。How many4. —________ is he? —He is my friend.5. —________ do you often go to school? —By subway.Who点拨:4. 询问是谁用Who。How点拨:5. 根据答句“By subway.”可知询问的是上学的交通方式,故用How。形容词一 形容词的定义及用法 形容词是用来描述或修饰名词或代词的词,说明人或事物的性质、状态、特征或属性。常用作定语,也可作宾语补足语、表语等。二 形容词的比较级和最高级的变化规则提分练 八、根据句意,补全句子。1. Look! The sun is getting lower and lower, but its shadow is getting _________.(贵州省黔东南州)2. The bike is ________ (重) than the toy bus.(浙江省杭州市下城区)longerheavier提分练 九、单项选择。( )1. Zhang Peng is ________ boy in our class.(内蒙古通辽市扎鲁特旗)A. tall B. the tallest C. tallerB点拨:对比的范围是全班的同学,所以应该用形容词的最高级。( )2. A bird is ________ than a dinosaur.(内蒙古通辽市扎鲁特旗)A. bigger B. smaller C. heavierB介词一 介词的定义及用法介词是用来表示词与词或词与句之间的关系的一种虚词。不能单独使用,一般与名词、代词、形容词等搭配成短语使用。二 常见介词短语及其用法一览表提分练 十、单项选择。( )1. The game is _______ the school gym _______ 7:00.(贵州省遵义市仁怀市)A. in; at B. in; in C. at; inA点拨:在几点钟前用介词at,根据排除法可知应选A。( )2. I usually go to school _______ .(山东省济宁市邹城市)A. by foot B. by the bus C. by bikeC点拨:根据题意可知本题考查的是“by+ 交通工具”,故本题选C。( )3. Go straight, and you can see the bookstore _______ the left.(广东省雷州市)A. in B. on C. byB点拨:on the left 在左边。( )4. My birthday is _______ May.(广东省湛江市徐闻县)A. in B. on C. atA点拨:在几月用介词 in。( )5.—When is the art show?(安徽省安庆市迎江区)—It’s _______ May 1st.A. at B. in C. onC( )6. Helen is very tall _______ her father.(江苏省盐城市)A. like B. likes C. is likeA点拨:根据句意可知like 意思是“像”,作介词,故选A。( )7. There is a small shop _______ the library.(辽宁省鞍山市铁东区)A. of B. off C. in front ofC点拨:in front of 在……前面,固定搭配。( )8. I often go to school _______ 7:30.(安徽省马鞍山市)A. in B. on C. atC点拨:在具体某一时刻前用介词 at。提分练 十一、选择合适的词填空,完成句子。(只填序号)(河南省漯河市源汇区)1. They put the caps _______ their heads.B点拨:put sth. on... 把某物放到……上。2. Life is changing _______ China.3. David brought us lots _______ joy at school.E点拨:2. in China 在中国。D点拨:3. lots of意为“许多”,是固定搭配。4. Yesterday I watched TV _______ my little brother.5. In this photo, they are looking _______ some tigers.A点拨:4. 和……一起,用介词with。C点拨:5. look at看,是固定搭配。代词一 常见代词一览表二 代词的定义、用法及分类 代词是指代名词或一句话的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。1. 人称代词的用法:(1)人称代词作主语时用主格,一般放在句首。例如:I am a student. 我是一名学生。(2)人称代词的宾格一般放在动词或介词后面。例如:Look at me. 看着我。I can help you. 我可以帮助你。2. 形容词性物主代词后面需要接名词,作为定语使用,不能单独使用。例如:This is my room. 这是我的房间。3. 名词性物主代词= 形容词性物主代词+ 名词例如:My pencil is long, and yours is short. 我的铅笔长,你的铅笔短。(yours=your pencil)4. 反身代词有两种用法:(1)作宾语,表示动作的对象是动作执行者本身。例如: He saw himself in the water. 他在水里看到了他自己。(2)作同位语,可译为“亲自”“本人/ 身” “自己”,起加强名词或代词语气的作用。例如: The story itself is not funny.这个故事本身不好笑。三 常见指示代词及其用法一览表提分练 十二、单项选择。( )1. —Whose are these blue gloves?—They are _______, thank you.(浙江省杭州市余杭区)A. my B. mine C. meB点拨:根据题意可知“蓝色的手套是我的”,故此处用名词性物主代词mine。( )2. Could you give _______ some water, please?(河南省商丘市睢县)A. he B. we C. herC点拨:give是动词,后面加宾格,故选C。( )3. The sunglasses are nice. Can I try _______ on?(安徽省滁州市琅琊区)A. them B. it C. theyA点拨:sunglasses是复数,且作宾语,所以用them指代,故选A。( )4. This is _______ dictionary. But where is _______?(安徽省铜陵市铜官区)A. his;my B. his;mine C. he;myB( )5. —Are these gloves _______ ?—No. They’re not _______. They are _______.(安徽省滁州市)A. yours;your gloves;theirs B. yours;our gloves;hisC. ours;yours;theirB点拨:句意:——这些手套是你们的吗?——不,它们不是我们的手套。它们是他的手套。根据句意可知答案应选B。
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