高考英语二轮专题复习提升精选：阅读理解16

这是一份高考英语二轮专题复习提升精选：阅读理解16，共17页。
Rh Sally has tw lng arms with human-like hands. She can use her fingers t pick up small bjects .examine them in detail and d mst things that human hands can d Each finger cntains a tiny mtr capable f squeezing 20 punds f pinch free ,.enugh t defuse a bmb under the directin f an peratr. She sits n a metal base with wheels that let her mve arund. turn in tight spaces and climb ver small bjects, .
Mike McLughlin is the main investigatr fr the Applied Physics Labratry's Prsthetics Prgram. "The purpse f that prgram is t develp prsthetic arms that have all the capability f yur natural arms .and yu d all the cmplex mtins that we can d with the natural arm- with the rbt. "
It was a difficult jb. Mr. McLughlin says the device had t have many small mtrs t。 have the ability t d what a human hand des; It als needs t have human-like strength. The thumb was especially difficult because it permits the hand .t hld bjects. And everything had. t fit int a space abut the size f a human hand.
The next prblem .he says .was t figure ut hw t cntrl the artificial hand. " S we had t figure ut hw t make the cnnectin between the brain and this arm.
Fr search-and-rescue duties.Rh Sally will be perated by a human being using a wire- less machine that is far frm the rbt. The peratr will als wear special glves and glasses. The glasses permit the peratr t see the rbt's hands .even thugh they are far away.
Mr. McLughlin says this kind f rbts culd be used in what he calls "dull , dirty r dan- gerus" situatins where fine human finger mvements are required. He says the technlgy is nt ready fr everyday applicatin .but he predicts that within five years we will see sme wn- derful imprvements.
【小题1】The underlined wrd " defuse" in Paragraph 2 is clsest in meaning t "_________".
A. remve B. discver C. equip D. prduce
【小题2】Accrding t Paragraph 2.which picture is Rb Sally?

【小题3】What can we learn ahut the prsthetic arms accrding t the passage?
A. They are expected t functin as well as natural nes.
B. They have many large mtrs cntrlled by rbts.
C. They have human-like strength t cntrl the rbt.
D. They are cnnected with human brains.
【小题4】Which f the fllwing is true abut Rb Sally accrding t Mr. McLughlin?
A . Its peratr desn't need any equipment.
B. It has been Widely used in everyday life in the USA.
C. It can wrk in situatins which are dangerus fr humans.
D. It has made much mney fr the designer.
2. The Natinal Gegraphic Channel has unearthed a time capsule (时光宝盒) buried by late Apple chairman and c-funder Steve Jbs thirty years ag.
The time capsule was buried in Aspen .Clrad .in 1983, shrtly after Jbs attended the Internatinal Design Cnference being held in that city. Organizers called the device the Aspen Time Tube and cntributed items like Rubik's cubes(魔方) and sme icnic music. Jbs added his wn items t the capsule ,including the " Lisa" ( als knwn as an "Apple" )"muse he used fr his presentatin at the cnference. '
Yunger readers may nt recgnize the name but the Lisa Apple muse was ne f the first cmmercial mice released t cnsumers. The muse was specially designed fr the Apple Lisa cmputer. It's als the first persnal cmputer t ffer users a graphical user interface(图形用户界面)
Initially ,the plan was t dig up the time capsule in the year2000,but rganizers frgt its exact lcatin. Recently .they brught in researchers wrking with the Natinal Gegraphic Channel shw Diggers t find the device. Eventually they came acrss the 13-ft-lng.1. 5-ft-diameter tube. inside they fund a lt f 1980s artifacts(人工制品）that are still being catalgued.
“When the end came ff .literally things just pured ut .”nted Diggers hst Tim Saylr "There must be literally thusands f things in there.”
“They had the fresight t put a bunch f stuff in plastic bags." Saylr said .“I culd see at least a dzen plastic bags and ther items. But I knw fr sure there gt t be phtgraphs in there. Peple had hand-written things n the back f the phtgraphs ,s there will be sme really interesting things inside.”
Amng the artifacts researchers expect t discver inside :a Steve Jbs speech in which the Apple visinary utlines his predictins fr future technlgies. We shuld knw mre abut the researchers ,discveries nce the Diggers prgram airs this fall.
【小题1】Which f the fllwing is true abut the Lisa muse?
A .The muse was the first cmmercial ne fr cnsumers
B. The muse was created nly fr the Apple Lisa cmputer
C. The muse was buried in Aspen ,Cltad fr tw decades.
D. The muse was invented after the Internatinal Design Cnference
【小题2】Why wasn't the time capsule dug up in 2000?
A. Because it was nt the time set by Steve Jbs.
B. Because it culd nt be accurately lcated.
C. Because rganizers frgt its precise shape .
D. Because the lcal gvernment didn't apprve.
【小题3】Frm the passage we can infer that_______.
A. there were sme special phtgraphs fund-inside the time capsule
B. a Steve Jbs speech with future predictins was fund inside the cap
C. Steve Jbs predictins fr future technlgies have cme true
D. mre abut the capsule will be discvered in the Diggers prgram
【小题4】The best title fr the passage might be _______.
A. The "Lst" Steve Jbs Time Capsule
B. The Mystery f Steve Jbs Speech Slved
C. Steve Jbs' 1983 Time Capsule Recvered
D. C-funder & Frmer Apple CEO Steve Jbs
3.
A middle schl student ,wh jumped int the ht seat when his schl bus driver passed ut n the way t class this mrning is being praised as a "quick thinker" fr leading the bus. and 15 ther students .t safety. Seventh grader Jeremy Wuitschick is being praised by the lcal plice chief fr his actins.
Wuitschick hpped ut f his seat and grabbed the steering wheel(方向盘) . pulling the bus ver t the side f the rad befre pulling the keys frm the ignitin(点火开关）“I'll give the kid credit fr fast thinking. He did the right thing and we're ging t d smething fr him. The kid definitely deserves credit." Miltn Plice Chief Bill Rhdes cld ABC News.
Plice fficers were infrmed f a schl bus driving irregularly thrugh twn arund 8 a.m. tday .but by the time an fficer arrived at the scene ,Wuitschick had had it under cntrl. He had pulled the bus ver in frnt f Discvery Primary Schl . which is near t the schl where the students were headed .Surprise Lake Middle Schl. "I knew smething was wrng." Wuitschick tld ABC. " it was pretty scary. I was just acting n instinct .It was all happening really quickly."
Jeff Shrt .assistant dean fr the Fife schl district . said the students had been trained in emergency situatins n the schl bus .including hw t shut dwn ,the bus in an emergency. A staff member at the schl .Jhn McCrssin . happened t be driving behind the bus when the driver lst cnsciusness(知觉) . and rushed nt the bus t administer CPR(心肺复苏 ) nce Wuitschick had pulled ver t the side f the rad .Rhdes said.
The kids tld McCrssin they had already called 911. The bus driver . whse name has nt been released . was taken t the hspital. Emergency service persnnel tld schl administratrs he was suffering frm a prblem related t the heart. Shrt said his cnditin was severe. Rhdes said that there were n traffic accidents r ther injuries.
【小题1】Bill Rhdes praised Wuitschick because
A. he drve the schl bus t campus B he did bring the schl bus t safety
C. he helped the plice in public affairs D. he successfully saved the bus driver
【小题2】When the plice reached the spt._______.
A. the bus driver had already recvered B. the bus had just arrived at its destinatin
C. the bus had already been under cntrl D the bus was running crazily n the rad
【小题3】 Frm the passage we can learn that_______.
A. Bill Rhdes gave Wuitschick a credit card fr his deed
B. McCtssin ffered t call 911 when the event happened
C: Jeff Shrt happened t be driving behind the schl bus
D. Wuitschick had been well trained in dealing with emergencies
【小题4】The passage is prbably taken frm______.
A. a persnal diary B. a news reprt
C. an accident recrd D. a research paper
4. Statuses are marvelus human inventins that enable us t get alng with ne anther and t determine where we “fit”in sciety．As we g abut ur everyday lives，we mentally attempt t place peple in terms f their statuses．Fr example，we must judge whether the persn in the library is a reader r a librarian，whether the telephne caller is a friend r a salesman，whether the unfamiliar persn n ur prperty is a thief r a meter reader，and s n．
The statuses we assume ften vary with the peple we encunter，and change thrughut life．Mst f us can，at very high speed，assume the statuses that varius situatins require．Much f scial interactin cnsists f identifying and selecting amng apprpriate statuses and allwing ther peple t assume their statuses in relatin t us．This means that we fit ur actins t thse f ther peple，based n a cnstant mental prcess f appraisal and interpretatin．Althugh sme f us find the task mre difficult than thers．mst f us perfrm it rather effrtlessly．
A status has been cmpared t ready－made clthes．Within certain limits the buyer can chse style and fabric．But an American is nt free t chse the cstume f a Chinese peasant r that f a Hindu prince．We must chse frm amng the clthing presented by ur sciety．Further mre，ur chice is limited t a size that will fit，as well as by ur pcketbk．Having made a chice within these limits，we can have certain alteratins made，but apart frm minr adjustments．We tend t be limited t what the stres have n their racks．Statuses t cme ready made，and the range f chice amng them is limited．
【小题1】．In the first paragraph the writer tells us that statuses can help us_________．
A．prtect urselves in unfamiliar situatins
B．make friends with ther peple
C．determine whether a persn is fit fr a certain jb
D．behave apprpriately in relatin t ther peple
【小题2】．Accrding t the writer，peple ften assume different statuses ________．
A．in rder t identify themselves with thers
B．as the situatin changes
C．in rder t better identify thers D．as their mental prcesses change
【小题3】．The underlined wrd“appraisal”in the 2nd paragraph mst likely means_______．
A．judgment B．appreciatin C．invlvement D．presentatin
【小题4】．In the last sentence f the secnd paragraph，“it”refers t“_________”．
A．identificatin f ther peple’s statuses
B．fitting ur actins t thse f ther peple apprpriately
C．selecting ne’s wn statuses
D．cnstant mental prcess
【小题5】．By saying that“an American is nt free t chse the cstume f a Chinese peasant r that f a Hindu prince”，the writer means___________．
A．different peple have different styles f clthes
B．ready－made clthes may need alteratins
C．ur chice f statuses is limited
D．statuses cme ready made just like clthes
5.My cat Tt is aging，and as she ages，her bdy is failing her．Mentally，she seems sharp，but after nearly sixteen years，Tt’s hips are causing her bvius truble．In fact，they make it s that she can’t use a litter bx effectively．She tries t squat（蹲坐），but mstly she just pisses（撒尿）ut the back end f the bx．
I spent the summer wrking with my vet t find things t help Tt，but nthing wrks．Since we can’t stand the smell f cat urine in the huse，tw weeks ag I tk drastic measures．I banished Tt utside．（She gets t cme in while I wrk，but I put her ut fr 80％f the day and night．）
Because Tt nw lives utside，she eats and drinks utside．I’ ve set up a heating pad n the prch．and given her wn fd and water area nearby．She seems perfectly cntent with this arrangement except when she’s ut f fd，r she wants t be petted．
Strangely enugh，she’s been ut f fd a lt lately．“I think anther cat is eating Tt’s fd．”I tld Kris when I first nticed hw quickly she was ging thrugh her bwl．
“Actually，”I said a cuple f days later，“maybe it’s a dg．Whever is eating Tt’s fd keeps kncking the bwl ver．”
But a few days after that，I realized that the fd thief prbably wasn’t even a dg．Whatever the critter（动物）was，it was messy． Every mrning，Tt’s water dish was filled with mud．The fd bwl was tipped ver and the prch scattered with mud and debris（残渣）．“I’ ll bet it’s a cn（浣熊），”I tld Kris．Thugh we live in a residential neighbrhd nt far frm Prtland，we’ ve seen plenty f raccns in the six years since we mved in．
Tday I gt t see the cat－fd thievery first－hand．Turns ut it’s nt ne raccn－it’s a family f fur．I was lucky enugh t have my camera handy as they perfrmed their daring raid：My favrite part f this vide is hw Tt simply sits n her heating pad and watches the raccns eat her fd．She isn’t bthered at all．
【小题1】．Which f the fllwing abut Tt is true?
A．She is physically sharp． B．She is at least sixteen years ld．
C．She can’t use a litter bx prperly． D． She stays utside all the while recently．
【小题2】．The underlined part in the secnd paragraph is clsest in meaning t________．
A．drve away r frced smebdy r smething t leave
B．put away r stred smething
C．prtected smebdy r smething frm being harmed
D．threw smething away
【小题3】．What des the writer like mst abut what he filmed?
A．Hw Tt fught against the raccns．
B．A family f raccns stle the fd tgether．
C．Tt’s casual attitude tward the raccns．
D．Hw the raccns made the writer’s prch dirty．
【小题4】．What wuld be the best title f the passage?
A．My Aged Cat B．A Banished Cat
C．An Unfrgettable Experience D．The Raccns n My Prch
6. Accrding t new research，there culd be a scial hierarchy（等级）attached t where peple stand in the lift．Mre senir men stand at the back，yung men in the middle and wmen f all ages at the frnt．
Mst peple knw that awkward feeling when yu shuffle（拖着鞋走）int an elevatr with ther peple and try nt t make eye cntact．
But new research suggests it may be dwn t a subcnscius pwer struggle being played ut as yu make yur way up r dwn．
A study fund that peple decide where they stand based n a micr scial hierarchy，established within secnds f entering the lift．
Rebekah Rusi，a Ph．D．student in cgnitive science，cnducted all ethngraphic study f elevatr behaviur in tw f the tallest ffice buildings in Adelaide，Australia．
As part f her research，she tk a ttal f 30 lift rides in the tw buildings，and discvered there was an established rder t where peple tended t stand．
In a blg fr Ethngraphy Matters，she writes that mre senir men seemed t direct themselves twards the back f the elevatr cabins．
She said，“In frnt f them were yunger men，and in frnt f them were wmen f all ages．”
She als nticed there was a difference in where peple directed their gaze half way thrugh the ride．
Men watched the mnitrs，lked in the side mirrrs（in ne building）t see themselves，and in the dr mirrrs（f the ther building）t als watch thers．
Wmen wuld watch the mnitrs and avid eye cntact with ther users（unless in cnversatin）and the mirrrs，she writes．
The dctrate student cncluded it culd be that peple wh are shyer stand tward the frnt，where they can’t see ther passengers，whereas blder peple stand in the back，where they have a view f everyne else．
【小题1】．Accrding t the passage，where d wmen likes t stand in the lift?
A．At the back． B．At the frnt． C．In the middle． D．On the right．
【小题2】．What causes peple t feel uncmfrtable when entering the an elevatr?
A．The manner peple went int the lift．B．The limited space in the lift．
C．The subcnscius pwer struggle． D．The micr scial hierarchy．
【小题3】．Why did Rebekah Rusi take 30 lift rides in buildings in Adelaide，Australia?
A．T enjy the tallest ffice building． B．T make a study f elevatr behavir．
C．T g t wrk there． D．T experience the ride by elevatr．
【小题4】．Which f fllwing best summarizes the main idea f the passage?
A．Wmen are mre attentive than men in the lift．
B．Bth wmen and men like t watch the mnitrs in the lift．
C．The shyer yu are，the mre likely yu are t stand at the back in the lift．
D．Why where yu stand in the lift reflects yur scial status．
试卷答案
1.
想让prsthetic arms有自然的手的功能，选A。
【小题4】推理题：从最后一段的句子：Mr. McLughlin says this kind f rbts culd be used in what he calls "dull , dirty r dan- gerus" situatins where fine human finger mvements are required. 可知Mr. McLughlin 认为这种类人机器人可以用在危险的情况下，选C
考点：考查科普类短文
【答案】
2.
【答案】
3.
【小题1】B
【小题2】C
【答案】
4.
【小题1】D
【小题2】B
【小题3】A
【小题4】B
【小题5】C
【答案】
5.
【小题1】C
【小题2】A
【小题3】C
【小题4】D
【答案】
6.
【小题1】B
【小题2】C
【小题3】B
【小题4】D
【答案】