2024年中考英语语法-现在完成时精讲及专项练习

这是一份2024年中考英语语法-现在完成时精讲及专项练习，共9页。试卷主要包含了现在完成时的基本结构，现在完成时的用法，过去分词的规则变化等内容，欢迎下载使用。
肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他
否定句：主语+have/has+nt+动词的过去分词+其他
一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）
二、现在完成时的用法
1. 现在完成时用来表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。也就是说，动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在，强调的是现在。
例句：I have already psted the pht.
我已经邮寄出了照片。
与此种用法连用的时间状语时一些模糊的过去时间状语，如already（肯定句句中）, yet（否定句/疑问句句尾）, just, befre, recently,still, lately,never等。
2. 现在完成时也可用来表示动作或状态发生在过去某一时刻，持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。
例句：He has lived here since 1978.
自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。)
此种用法常与fr（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用。谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词：
g ut----be ut
finish----be ver
pen----be pen
die----be dead
buy---have
fall ill---be ill
cme back----be back
catch a cld----have a cld
3.现在完成时表示重复
这种完成时一般表示：过去到现在不断重复发生的动作或情况;可能继续;可能到此结束。
例句：My father has always gne t wrk by bike.
4.现在完成时表示将来
可以在时间状语从句里表示将来。
例句：When yu have rested, I’ll shw yu the garden.
三、过去分词的规则变化
动词过去分词的规则变化与动词过去式的规则变化相同。
① 一般情况下，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。
wrk---wrked---wrked
visit---visited---visited
② 以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。
live---lived---lived
③ 以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“ ed ”。
study---studied---studied
cry---cried---cried
④ 重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。
stp---stpped---stpped
drp---drpped--drpped
现在完成时专项练习
1．In China, yu can see peple playing basketball in parks, schls and even factries. Basketball ________ a ppular sprt t play and watch.
A．has becmeB．have becmeC．will becmeD．became
2．— Have yu heard f the car accident that happened near ur schl?
— Yes. Luckily, the injured (受伤的) peple ________ t the hspital in time.
A．sentB．are sentC．have sentD．were sent
3．The 13-year-ld artist ________ mre than 50 paintings s far.
A．has createdB．will createC．is creatingD．creates
4．—Hw lng ________ yu ________ this magazine?
—Fr tw weeks.
A．have, keptB．were, keepingC．have, bughtD．have, been kept
5．—________ yu ever ________ English by making cnversatins with yur partner?
—Yes, always.
A．D; studiedB．Des; studiedC．Are; studyingD．Have; studied
6．Lk at the yung teacher, she ________ English fr ten years.
A．teachesB．is teachingC．has taughtD．taught
7．The little by ________ asleep fr tw hurs. He must be tired after playing fr a whle day.
A．has fallenB．went tC．has gneD．has been
8．The guide is very wrried, fr the train t Xi’an will leave in ten minutes, but tw members f his grup _________.
A．dn’t arriveB．wn’t arriveC．haven’t arrivedD．didn’t arrive
9．—Any news abut the Shenzhu-14 spacecraft? D yu knw ________?
—Fr abut fur mnths, I think.
A．when was it sent upB．hw lng has it been in space
C．when it was sent upD．hw lng it has been in space
10．—Yu have ________ Harry Ptter fr tw weeks, yu must return it in three days.
—Srry, I will d it at nce.
A．brrwedB．lentC．kept
11．Please tell me hw lng yu ________ the bk.
A．brrwedB．have brrwed
C．keptD．have kept
12．—May I speak t Wang Li?
—Srry, she is nt at hme. She ______ since last mnth.
A．leftB．has leftC．went awayD．has been away
13．Clara ________ a lt f knwledge abut pandas since she fell in lve with panda He Hua.
A．learnsB．was learning
C．has learntD．will learn
14．—What d yu think f the fairy tale, Frg Prince?
—It’s s exciting that I ________ it fr 3 times.
A．readB．have readC．will readD．was reading
15．I ________ scared f dgs ever since a dg hurt me when I was five years ld.
A．wasB．wuld beC．will beD．have been
16．—Where is Mr. Li?
—He ________ England and he ________ Lndn fr tw weeks.
A．has been t, has been tB．has gne t, has been tC．has gne t, has been in
17．— ________ yu been t Disneyland in Hngkng?
—Yes, I ________ there last summer.
A．Have; have beenB．Are; gC．Have; wentD．Are; went
18．—Where is Li Ming?
—_______ Beijing.
A．He has been tB．He has gne tC．He has been inD．He went t
19．Human beings have in putting astrnauts n the mn.(success)
20．My sister (read) the bk five times because it is very great.
21．Nt nly verweight but als lsing jbs (cause) stress recently.
22．I have w him nt t play with fire many times.
参考答案：
1．A
2．D
3．A
4．A
5．D
6．C
7．D
8．C
9．D
10．C
11．D
12．D
13．C
14．B
15．D
16．C
17．C
18．B
19．succeeded
20．has read
21．has caused
22．(w)arned