19，2024届广东省大亚湾区普通高中毕业高三第一次联合模拟考试（一）英语试卷

这是一份19，2024届广东省大亚湾区普通高中毕业高三第一次联合模拟考试（一）英语试卷，共20页。试卷主要包含了 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁等内容，欢迎下载使用。

满分120分 考试时间120分钟
注意事项：
1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、考场号、座位号和准考证号填写在答题卡上, 将条形码横贴在答题卡“条形码粘贴处”。
2. 作答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答, 答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动, 先划掉原来的答案, 然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后, 将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Critics’ chice: The year’s best nvels…
1. The Lve Sngs f W. E. B. Du Bis by Hnrée Fannne Jeffers (Harper, $29)
The nvel frm a celebrated pet, this 800-page wrk is many things at nce: a mving cming-f-age stry, an examinatin f race, and an explratin f American histry. Out f curisity abut the secrets in her family, Ailey uncvers stries that trace back t her Native American, Scttish, and enslaved African-American ancestrs.
2. Matrix by Lauren Grff (Knpf, $28)
If Matrix were written by anyne else, it wuld be a hard sell. But Lauren Grff has reimagined the life f 12th-century pet Marie de France s that we can’t help but stay with this ryal castff as she’s sent away, at 17, t run a pr church, which she eventually changes int a shelter fr wmen and a challenge t the male-dminated wrld.
3. Klara and the Sun by Kazu Ishigur (Knpf, $28)
A rbt that has been prgrammed t be a sickly teenager’s “Artificial Friend,” Klara serves as ur eyes n a trubling near future in which technlgical prgress is pushing mral bundaries. But her utsider view allws the authr f Remains f the Day, nw a Nbel Prize winner, t explre what makes peple irreplaceable.
4. Clud Cuck Land by Anthny Derr (Scribner, $30)
Derr’s first nvel since 2014 cvers several hundred years — frm 1453 Cnstantinple t a 22nd-century spaceship escaping frm Earth. The bk runs 640 pages, but withut a wasted wrd. As engaging as a great bedtime stry and as readable as Harry Ptter, it’s abve all a celebratin f the human spirit and its pwer t dream impssible dreams.
1. Which bk is written by a pet?
A. The Lve Sngs f W. E. B. Du Bis.B. Matrix.
C. Klara and the Sun.D. Clud Cuck Land.
2. What is the central theme explred in Klara and the Sun?
A. Histrical events.B. Pursuit f dreams.
C. Human irreplaceability.D. Teenagers’ friendship.
3. What d the fur nvels have in cmmn?
A. They all cver hundreds f years.B. They are all chsen by critics.
C. They are all the authr’s first nvel.D. The main characters are all humans.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四部被评论家认为是年度最佳的小说。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Lve Sngs f W. E. B. Du Bis中“The nvel frm a celebrated pet (这是一位著名诗人写的小说)”可知，这部作品是由诗人创作的。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Klara and the Sun中“But her utsider view allws the authr f Remains f the Day, nw a Nbel Prize winner, t explre what makes peple irreplaceable. (但她的局外人视角让《长日将尽》的作者，现在的诺贝尔奖得主，去探索是什么让人不可替代)”可知，这部作品探讨的核心主题是人的不可替代性。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据标题“Critics’ chice: The year’s best nvels… (评论家之选：本年度最佳小说……)”可知，这四部作品都是由评论家挑选的。故选B项。
B
The wrld f underwater slumber is unlike what we see n the surface. Fr mammals (哺乳动物), a gd night’s sleep sends an animal int a state f uncnsciusness (无知觉) during hurs f restrative sleeping that helps heal the bdy and slidify memries firmly in the mind. Fr fish, hwever, sleep isn’t such a well-defined prcess. Instead, many fish species have taken t spending shrt perids in a state f reduced activity r rest while keeping their eyes pen t scan the water fr ptential threats. During these perids f reduced activity, a fish’s bdily functins slw dwn and its watchfulness drps.
The breadth f animals in the cean that exhibit this type f reduced activity is widereaching. Amng the hundreds f thusands f creatures in the sea, sme merely ride alng with the current, such as jellyfish. Others find rcky bedrms fr the night, while thse such as stingrays bury themselves in the sand t rest. Hwever, it must be really hard t get a gd night’s sleep when yu breathe air but live in water. This is smething that the wrld’s underwater mammals have t deal with.
T prevent themselves frm drwning (溺死) in their sleep, underwater mammals such as dlphins and manatees have develped the ability t “turn ff” ne side f their brain t rest, knwn as unihemispheric sleep. While ne side is fast asleep, the ther keeps all the animal’s vital functins running, such as breathing. Manatees, fr example, lve t sleep, spending up t 12 hurs a day in a deep slumber. Hwever, as air-breathing animals, manatees need t surface every 20 minutes r s fr xygen. T achieve this, the half f the brain that’s still awake sends the sleeping manatee t the surface t get sme air.
4. What des the underlined wrd “slumber” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Rest.B. Sleep.C. Danger.D. Activity.
5. Why is it hard t define sleep fr fish?
A. Because fish remain partially awake.B. Because fish need shrt resting time.
C. Because fish pssess n cnsciusness.D. Because fish pretend nt t be sleeping.
6. What is a challenge faced by underwater mammals?
A. Hiding in sand.B. Riding the current.
C. Finding spts t rest.D. Breathing while sleeping.
7. Hw d manatees ensure their xygen supply during sleep?
A. By sleeping less.B. By adapting t the sea.
C. By surfacing peridically.D. By cntrlling their breath.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋动物不同于陆地动物的睡眠方式，鱼类保持部分警觉，眼睛睁着休息，很多动物也会减少活动达到休息的目的，而海豚、海牛等哺乳动物在水下睡觉时仅会关闭大脑的一侧，以保持呼吸。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下文“Fr mammals (哺乳动物), a gd night’s sleep sends an animal int a state f uncnsciusness (无知觉) during hurs f restrative sleeping that helps heal the bdy and slidify memries firmly in the mind. Fr fish, hwever, sleep isn’t such a well-defined prcess. (对于哺乳动物来说，晚上睡个好觉会让它们在恢复性睡眠的几个小时内进入无意识状态，这有助于治愈身体，并在大脑中牢固地巩固记忆。然而，对于鱼类来说，睡眠并不是一个定义明确的过程)”可知，此处是对比海洋生物和陆地上哺乳动物的睡眠情况，画线词所在句的意思应该是“水下睡眠的世界与我们在水面上看到的不同”，slumber意思应该是“睡眠”，与sleep意思相近。故选B项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Fr fish, hwever, sleep isn’t such a well-defined prcess. Instead, many fish species have taken t spending shrt perids in a state f reduced activity r rest while keeping their eyes pen t scan the water fr ptential threats. (然而，对于鱼类来说，睡眠并不是一个定义明确的过程。相反，许多鱼类会在短时间内减少活动或休息，同时睁大眼睛扫视水中潜在的威胁)”可知，鱼类很难定义睡眠的原因是它们会保持部分清醒。故选A项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hwever, it must be really hard t get a gd night’s sleep when yu breathe air but live in water. This is smething that the wrld’s underwater mammals have t deal with. (然而，当你呼吸空气却生活在水中时，你一定很难睡个好觉。这是世界上的水下哺乳动物不得不面对的问题)”可知，水下哺乳动物面对的挑战是在睡觉的同时进行呼吸。故选D项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Hwever, as air-breathing animals, manatees need t surface every 20 minutes r s fr xygen. T achieve this, the half f the brain that’s still awake sends the sleeping manatee t the surface t get sme air. (然而，作为呼吸空气的动物，海牛需要每20分钟左右浮出水面吸氧。为了达到这个目的，仍然清醒的那一半大脑会把睡着的海牛送到水面上呼吸一些空气)”可知，海牛通过定期浮出水面来证睡眠时的氧气供应。故选C项。
C
Prfessr Lum seems t be under the spell f ChatGPT, but let’s nt get carried away with the AI chatbt craze. While it des have sme benefits, his arguments are like a leaky bat in a strmy sea- full f hles.
Accrding t Prfessr Lum, ChatGPT ffers students a wealth f infrmatin. Sure, it’s like having a walking encyclpedia (百科全书), but learning is nt abut cpying an answer. It’s abut the jurney f discvery. ChatGPT, armed with its vast database, denies students the pprtunity t explre and learn thrugh their wn effrts. It’s like awarding a participatin medal fr a race that hasn’t even begun!
He als claims that ChatGPT imprves cmmunicatin skills. Seriusly? Chatting with an AI is nt the same as having a real cnversatin. Hw can we expect students t handle the cmplexities f the real wrld if all they knw is hw t talk t a chatbt? Let’s nt turn them int scially awkward bts themselves.
Oh, and let’s nt frget abut critical thinking. Prfessr Lum thinks ChatGPT challenges students t think critically. But cme n, flks! It’s merely a machine! It’s nt ging t teach them hw t questin assumptins, analyze evidence, r cme up with innvative slutins. We need human interactin and lively debates fr that.
Lastly, Prfessr Lum believes ChatGPT can prvide supprt and guidance. Again, seriusly? Are we ging t replace human emtins with lines f cde (代码)？ ChatGPT might ffer sme cmfrting wrds, but it can’t replace the warmth and understanding that can nly be fund in human interactin. Let us nt abandn ur students, leaving them t feel mre alne and discnnected than ever befre.
Prfessr Lum’s pinin regarding ChatGPT warns us against t much reliance n technlgy. Rather than priritizing ChatGPT, the fcus shuld be n develping critical thinking, prmting genuine human interactin, and emphasizing the cre aspects f educatin.
8. What is cmpared t a participatin medal in paragraph 2?
A. A walking encyclpedia.B. A jurney t explre.
C. A vast database.D. An answer.
9. What can be inferred abut ChatGPT frm paragraphs 3~5?
A. It is nt gd at scializing.B. It is a skilled critical thinker.
C. It ffers nthing helpful t humans.D. It frms a warm bnd with humans.
10. What is the authr’s attitude twards ChatGPT?
A. Ttally negative.B. Fully supprtive.
C. Highly skeptical.D. Quite indifferent.
11. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T criticize a viewpint.B. T questin an authrity.
C. T clarify tw arguments.D. T cmpare tw chatbts.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【分析】文章是说明文。介绍了Lum教授似乎被ChatGPT迷住了，认为ChatGPT有非常多的优点，但是作者提醒不能过多依赖技术，应把重点放在发展批判性思维、促进真正的人际互动和强调教育的核心方面。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。文章第二段第二句“Sure, it’s like having a walking encyclpedia (百科全书), but learning is nt abut cpying an answer.”(当然，这就像有一本活百科全书, 但学习并不是复制答案。)和文章第二段第四句“ChatGPT, armed with its vast database, denies students the pprtunity t explre and learn thrugh their wn effrts.”(拥有庞大数据库的ChatGPT剥夺了学生通过自己的努力探索和学习的机会。)可知，ChatGPT为学生提供了丰富的信息，但是同时也剥夺了孩子自努力探索学习的机会，答案都是直接获得。就好比比赛还未开始就颁发了参赛奖牌，所以此处参赛奖牌指的是学习之旅还未开始就提供了答案。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。文章第三段“Chatting with an AI is nt the same as having a real cnversatin. Hw can we expect students t handle the cmplexities f the real wrld if all they knw is hw t talk t a chatbt? Let’s nt turn them int scially awkward bts themselves. ”(与人工智能聊天并不等同于进行真正的对话。如果学生只知道如何与聊天机器人交谈，我们怎么能指望他们处理现实世界的复杂性？我们不要把他们自己变成社交尴尬的机器人。)文章第四段“It’s merely a machine! It’s nt ging t teach them hw t questin assumptins, analyze evidence, r cme up with innvative slutins. We need human interactin and lively debates fr that.”(这只是一台机器！它不会教他们如何质疑假设、分析证据或提出创新的解决方案。为此，我们需要人与人之间的互动和激烈的辩论。)和文章第五段“ ChatGPT might ffer sme cmfrting wrds, but it can’t replace the warmth and understanding that can nly be fund in human interactin.”(ChatGPT可能会提供一些安慰的话语，但它无法取代只有在人类互动中才能找到的温暖和理解。)可知，作者针对Lum教授提出的关于ChatGPT在与人交往方面的优点都提出了反驳。认为ChatGPT无法实现真正人与人之间的互动和交流，也无法取代只有在人类社交互动中才能找到的温暖和理解。所以可推测ChatGPT不善于人际交往。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句“While it des have sme benefits, his arguments are like a leaky bat in a strmy sea- full f hles. ”(虽然这确实有一些好处，但他的论点就像暴风雨中漏洞百出的船。)可知，作者认为ChatGPT确实存在一些优点，但对于Lum教授认为ChatGPT可以提升交际技能，培养批判性思维和提供支持和指导作者持不赞成和怀疑态度。故填C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Prfessr Lum seems t be under the spell f ChatGPT, but let’s nt get carried away with the AI chatbt craze. While it des have sme benefits, his arguments are like a leaky bat in a strmy sea- full f hles. ”(Lum教授似乎被ChatGPT迷住了，但我们不要被人工智能聊天机器人的热潮冲昏头脑。虽然这确实有一些好处，但他的论点就像暴风雨中漏洞百出的船。)和最后一段“Prfessr Lum’s pinin regarding ChatGPT warns us against t much reliance n technlgy. Rather than priritizing ChatGPT, the fcus shuld be n develping critical thinking, prmting genuine human interactin, and emphasizing the cre aspects f educatin.”(Lum教授关于ChatGPT的观点警告我们不要过度依赖技术。与其优先考虑ChatGPT，不如把重点放在发展批判性思维、促进真正的人际互动和强调教育的核心方面。)可知，作者针对Lum教授的观点提出了反驳。作者认为不要过度依赖技术，应把重点放在发展批判性思维、促进真正的人际互动和强调教育的核心方面。故选A项。
D
If there was an app n yur phne that claimed t imprve yur memry, wuld yu be willing t try it? It’s hard t resist the idea f having a better memry. After all, ur memries are delicate and can be affected by varius factrs such as diseases, injuries, mental health cnditins, and aging.
In respnse t this perceived need, the brain training industry has grwn rapidly, ffering a wide range f accessible and affrdable mental exercises thrugh smartphne and tablet apps. Many researchers have fund evidence suggesting that well-designed exercises can imprve mental abilities and even lead t better scres n IQ tests. They cmpare the brain t muscles, suggesting that targeted repetitin f memry exercises can strengthen and cnditin ur memry prcesses, similar t hw athletes engage in strength and cnditining by repeatedly exercising specific muscle grups.
In cntrast t everyday activities like reading a detailed article r slving a cmplex puzzle, memry training apps are specifically designed t prvide a mre challenging wrkut fr the brain. These apps typically invlve tasks that require tracking a large number f bjects while being distracted by a secndary task, such as mental calculatins r explring a game’s landscape. If this brain training prves effective, it culd be beneficial fr individuals with brain-related disabilities r thse recvering frm cnditins like cancer.
Critics, thugh, argue that while the cncept is appealing, the verall evidence fails t demnstrate significant imprvement in cre brain prcesses. Additinally, despite the claims made by many apps and brain training cmpanies, scientists have yet t identify the key factrs that make an interventin truly effective r determine the best appraches t address the diverse needs f individuals seeking help.
While the questin is still pen t debate, there is evidence suggesting that shrt-term wrking memry training can benefit high-functining individuals, such as cllege students. Hwever, it’s imprtant t nte that brain training, like diet and exercise, is unlikely t have identical effects n every individual.
12. In what way is the brain similar t muscles accrding t many researchers?
A. In testing results.B. In wrk prcesses.
C. In bdily functins.D. In training methds.
13. What is the main feature f the typical tasks in memry training apps?
A. Detailed.B. Effective.C. Demanding.D. Cmplicated.
14. What d critics think memry training apps lack?
A. Legal claims.B. Prven effects.C. Tailred services.D. Appealing cncepts.
15. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Can ur memry be imprved?
B. Des brain training actually wrk?
C. What have scientists fund abut memry?
D. What des the brain training industry bring?
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了许多研究者认为经过良好设计的大脑练习能够改善记忆力，但批评者则对这些应用程序的有效性表示怀疑，值得注意的是，虽然有证据显示短期记忆训练对高功能人群有益，但大脑训练并不是对每个人都有效。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“They cmpare the brain t muscles, suggesting that targeted repetitin f memry exercises can strengthen and cnditin ur memry prcesses, similar t hw athletes engage in strength and cnditining by repeatedly exercising specific muscle grups. (他们将大脑类比于肌肉，表明有针对性的重复记忆练习可以加强和调节我们的记忆过程，类似于运动员通过反复锻炼特定肌肉群来增强力量和调节能力)”可知，许多研究者认为大脑类似于肌肉，也可以通过重复的练习来得到加强和调节，即训练方法相似。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“In cntrast t everyday activities like reading a detailed article r slving a cmplex puzzle, memry training apps are specifically designed t prvide a mre challenging wrkut fr the brain. These apps typically invlve tasks that require tracking a large number f bjects while being distracted by a secndary task, such as mental calculatins r explring a game’s landscape. (与阅读一篇详细的文章或解决一个复杂的谜题等日常活动不同，记忆训练应用程序是专门为大脑提供更具挑战性的锻炼而设计的。这些应用通常涉及需要跟踪大量对象的任务，同时被次要任务分散注意力，例如心算或探索游戏景观)”可知，记忆训练应用程序中典型任务的主要特点是具有挑战性，非常苛刻。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Critics, thugh, argue that while the cncept is appealing, the verall evidence fails t demnstrate significant imprvement in cre brain prcesses. (然而，批评者认为，尽管这个概念很吸引人，但总体证据未能证明大脑核心过程有显著改善)”可知，批评者认为记忆训练应用程序缺乏经过证实的效果。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章的话题是通过手机应用程序进行大脑训练以提高记忆力，许多研究者认为经过良好设计的大脑练习能够改善记忆力，但批评者则对这些应用程序的有效性表示怀疑，值得注意的是，虽然有证据显示短期记忆训练对高功能人群有益，但大脑训练并不是对每个人都有效。因此，B项“大脑训练真的有效吗？”契合文章主旨，最适合作为标题。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The senir year f high schl can be a rllercaster ride f emtins as yu start the jurney twards cllege and adulthd. ___16___, but it can als be stressful. Hwever, with the right stress management strategies, yu can negtiate this imprtant year with cnfidence and success.
___17___. Create a detailed timeline fr exams and ther imprtant learning tasks. Break dwn these tasks int smaller, manageable steps, and tackle them ne at a time. By having a clear radmap in place, yu can avid the feared last-minute panic and stay n tp f yur studies.
Mrever, take care f yur physical and mental well-being. ___18___. Engage in activities yu enjy, whether it’s playing a musical instrument r simply spending time with friends. Taking care f yurself will help yu stay fcused, energized, and ready t tackle any challenges that cme yur way.
Remember, yu’re nt alne n this jurney. Reach ut fr supprt whenever yu need it. Whether it’s seeking guidance frm teachers r leaning n yur classmates fr emtinal supprt, dn’t hesitate t ask fr help. ___19___.
Finally, maintain a psitive mindset thrughut the year. Surrund yurself with supprtive friends and family wh believe in yu and yur abilities. ___20___. Remember that setbacks are a natural part f the prcess and use them as pprtunities t learn and grw.
The senir year f high schl can be a mix f emtins, but by adpting these strategies, yu can make the mst f it and set yurself up fr success as yu venture int the next chapter f yur life.
A. Always stick t the main rad
B. T start with, it’s crucial t plan ahead
C. Yu may find them disappinting smetimes
D. Celebrate yur achievements, n matter hw small
E. It’s an exciting time filled with dreams and pssibilities
F. They can lend a listening ear and prvide invaluable advice
G. Get enugh sleep, eat nutritius meals, and exercise regularly
【答案】16. E 17. B 18. G 19. F 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为高三的学生介绍了如何有效地管理和减轻这一年可能面临的压力。
【16题详解】
前文“The senir year f high schl can be a rllercaster ride f emtins as yu start the jurney twards cllege and adulthd. (随着你开始迈向大学和成年的旅程，高中的最后一年可能是一次情绪的过山车)”说明学生在高中的最后一年情绪起伏会很大，后文“but it can als be stressful (但它也会带来压力)”说明会有压力，结合but可知空处内容与下文形成转折，指出这段时间是令人开心的，因此E项“It’s an exciting time filled with dreams and pssibilities (这是一个充满梦想和可能性的激动人心的时刻)”符合语境，说明会有激动人心的感受，承接前文，和后文构成转折，其中的It指代前文的The senir year f high schl。故选E。
【17题详解】
空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容。根据后文“Create a detailed timeline fr exams and ther imprtant learning tasks. Break dwn these tasks int smaller, manageable steps, and tackle them ne at a time. (为考试和其他重要的学习任务制定详细的时间表。把这些任务分解成更小的、易于管理的步骤，然后一次一个地解决它们)”可知，本段主要建议制定计划，分步骤完成，因此B项“T start with, it’s crucial t plan ahead (首先，提前计划是至关重要的)”符合语境，强调计划的重要性，契合后文内容。故选B。
【18题详解】
前文“Mrever, take care f yur physical and mental well-being. (此外，照顾好你身心健康)”建议注意身心健康，后文“Engage in activities yu enjy, whether it’s playing a musical instrument r simply spending time with friends. (从事你喜欢的活动，无论是演奏乐器还是只是和朋友呆在一起)”给出具体的注意心理健康的做法，因此G项“Get enugh sleep, eat nutritius meals, and exercise regularly (保证充足的睡眠，吃有营养的食物，经常锻炼)”符合语境，给出具体的注意身体健康的做法，承接前文，和后一句是平行关系。故选G。
【19题详解】
前文“Reach ut fr supprt whenever yu need it. Whether it’s seeking guidance frm teachers r leaning n yur classmates fr emtinal supprt, dn’t hesitate t ask fr help. (在你需要帮助的时候寻求帮助。无论是向老师寻求指导，还是向同学寻求情感支持，都要毫不犹豫地寻求帮助)”鼓励在需要帮助的时候向身边的人寻求帮助，因此F项“They can lend a listening ear and prvide invaluable advice (他们可以倾听并提供宝贵的建议)”符合语境，介绍这些人可以提供的帮助，承接前文，其中的They指代前文的teachers和yur classmates。故选F。
【20题详解】
前文“Finally, maintain a psitive mindset thrughut the year. Surrund yurself with supprtive friends and family wh believe in yu and yur abilities. (最后，全年保持积极的心态。和支持你的朋友和家人在一起，他们相信你和你的能力)”建议保持积极的心态，和相信自己的人待在一起，后文“Remember that setbacks are a natural part f the prcess and use them as pprtunities t learn and grw. (记住，挫折是过程中很自然的一部分，把它们当作学习和成长的机会)”提醒对待挫折的方法，因此D项“Celebrate yur achievements, n matter hw small (庆祝你的成就，不管多小)”符合语境，说明对待成就的方法，承接前文，引出后文，其中的achievements和后文的setbacks呼应。故选D。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Frm the age f eight, I attended a little barding schl n the Derbyshire-Staffrdshire brder. On Sunday afternns, the ___21___ wuld leave us t wander the edge f the grunds where we were suppsed t ___22___ time chatting r playing sprts but my ___23___ was t climb ver the fences and disappear int the landscape. Often, much t the teachers’ annyance, n ne knew where t ___24___ me.
That was the pint. T walk t a(n) ___25___ place and, fr a mment, feel the wrld as smething new brught with it a feeling I wuld desire. The habit ___26___ with me. By my mid-20s, I was a ___27___ walker. Walking became a way f life that, ___28___, gave shape t a wandering decade and I wuld ease myself int new ___29___ the wrld ver by setting ut n ft t get ____30____ and then find myself again in the backstreets f Ahmedabad r Isfhanan, Ramallah r Bari.
Nw I have established my hme in the landscape f Devn. Here, walking ____31____ me and my dg Dharma as an essential daily practice. The wrld utside ur frnt dr is an ____32____ the tiring, rutine aspects f ur lives. It’s a place where we watch the seasns change and ____33____ the mvement f the sun and the light arund the mn. We walk the same ____34____, day after day, but every minute f every hur can feel like ____35____.
21. A. rescuersB. parentsC. teachersD. artists
22. A. recrdB. wasteC. saveD. pass
23. A. jbB. habitC. ambitinD. respnse
24. A. findB. catchC. meetD. put
25. A. bareB. slidC. illegalD. unfamiliar
26. A. cnflictedB. changedC. stuckD. started
27 A. tiredB. giftedC. cmmittedD. cmplicated
28. A. in turnB. in factC. in particularD. in additin
29. A. apartmentsB. lcatinsC. pprtunitiesD. challenges
30. A. invlvedB. engagedC. paidD. lst
31. A. acceptsB. servesC. treatsD. strikes
32. A. influence nB. escape frmC. interest inD. entry t
33. A. blckB. cntrlC. adjustD. sense
34. A. directinB. speedC. pathD. campus
35. A. newB. freeC. realD. cmplete
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者小时候就喜欢独自离开学校，去探索不熟悉的地方，到了二十多岁的时候，他成了坚定的徒步旅行者，徒步成为他的一种生活方式，后来作者有了自己的家，他会每日带着自己的狗狗出去散步，在门外的世界感知自然，在同样的路上体会新鲜的感觉。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：周日下午，老师们会让我们在操场的边缘闲逛，我们本来应该在那里聊天或做运动消磨时间，但我的习惯是爬过围栏，消失在风景中。A. rescuers救援人员；B. parents父母；C. teachers老师；D. artists艺术家。根据上文“I attended a little barding schl n the Derbyshire-Staffrdshire brder”可知，作者在小型寄宿学校上学，因此是受到老师们的管理。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：周日下午，老师们会让我们在操场的边缘闲逛，我们本来应该在那里聊天或做运动消磨时间，但我的习惯是爬过围栏，消失在风景中。A. recrd记录；B. waste浪费；C. save保存；D. pass消磨。根据下文“time chatting r playing sprts”可推知，作者这样的学生本应该是在操场的边缘聊天或做运动，以此消磨周日下午的时间。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：周日下午，老师们会让我们在操场的边缘闲逛，我们本来应该在那里聊天或做运动消磨时间，但我的习惯是爬过围栏，消失在风景中。A. jb工作；B. habit习惯；C. ambitin抱负；D. respnse回应。根据下文“t climb ver the fences and disappear int the landscape”可推知，爬过围栏，消失在风景中是作者那时常做的事情，是他的习惯，habit在下文有同词复现。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常让老师们很恼火的是，没有人知道在哪里可以找到我。A. find找到；B. catch抓住；C. meet遇见；D. put放置。根据上文“t climb ver the fences and disappear int the landscape”可知，作者会爬过学校的围栏，消失在风景中，因此没有人知道在哪里可以找到他。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：走到一个不熟悉的地方，有那么一刻，感觉这个世界是全新的，带来一种我渴望的感觉。A. bare光秃的；B. slid固体的；C. illegal非法的；D. unfamiliar不熟悉的。根据下文“feel the wrld as smething new”可知，作者感觉这个世界是全新的，因此是走到不熟悉的地方。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个习惯一直伴随着我。A. cnflicted冲突；B. changed改变；C. stuck卡住；D. started开始。根据下文“Walking became a way f life”可知，徒步成为了作者的一种生活方式，因此这个习惯一直伴随着他，固定短语stick with表示“紧跟，跟……在一起”。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我25岁左右的时候，我是一个坚定的徒步旅行者。A. tired疲倦的；B. gifted有天赋的；C. cmmitted坚定的；D. cmplicated复杂的。根据下文“Walking became a way f life”可知，徒步成为了作者的一种生活方式，即常常去徒步，因此他是坚定的徒步旅行者。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：徒步成为了一种生活方式，而这种生活方式反过来又塑造了我四处漂泊的十年，我徒步出发，继而迷路，在世界各地的新地方放松自己，然后在艾哈迈达巴德、伊斯法哈南、拉马拉或巴里的后街找到自己。A. in turn反过来；B. in fact实际上；C. in particular特别是；D. in additin此外。根据上文“Walking became a way f life”可知，徒步成为了作者的一种生活方式，再结合下文“gave shape t a wandering decade”可推知，这种生活方式反过来塑造了他四处漂泊的十年，两者是因果关系。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：徒步成为了一种生活方式，而这种生活方式反过来又塑造了我四处漂泊的十年，我徒步出发，继而迷路，在世界各地的新地方放松自己，然后在艾哈迈达巴德、伊斯法哈南、拉马拉或巴里的后街找到自己。A. apartments公寓；B. lcatins地点；C. pprtunities机会；D. challenges挑战。根据上文“a wandering decade”可知，作者有十年的时间是四处漂泊的，再结合下文“the wrld ver”可推知，他是在世界各地的新地方放松自己。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：徒步成为了一种生活方式，而这种生活方式反过来又塑造了我四处漂泊的十年，我徒步出发，继而迷路，在世界各地的新地方放松自己，然后在艾哈迈达巴德、伊斯法哈南、拉马拉或巴里的后街找到自己。A. invlved使参与；B. engaged忙于；C. paid付费；D. lst迷路。根据下文“and then find myself again”可知，作者又找到自己，因此先是迷路（get lst）。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这里，散步是我和我的狗狗必不可少的日常惯例。A. accepts接受；B. serves作……用；C. treats对待；D. strikes打击。根据下文“The wrld utside ur frnt dr is an ___12___ the tiring, rutine aspects f ur lives. It’s a place where we watch the seasns change and ___13___ the mvement f the sun and the light arund the mn.”可知，作者通过散步去纾解日常生活的疲惫，观察自然，因此散步是起到了有益的作用，作为日常惯例帮助了作者和他的狗狗。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词短语辨析。句意：我们前门外的世界是我们对生活中累人的例行公事的逃离。A. influence n对……的影响；B. escape frm逃离；C. interest in对……的兴趣；D. entry t进入。根据下文“the tiring, rutine aspects f ur lives”可推知，去外面散步让作者得以逃离生活中累人的例行公事。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这里，我们可以看到季节的变化，感知太阳的运动和月亮周围的光线。A. blck阻塞；B. cntrl控制；C. adjust调整；D. sense感知。根据上文“watch the seasns change”可知，作者可以看到季节的变化，再结合下文“the mvement f the sun and the light arund the mn”可推知，他也可以感知太阳的运动和月亮周围的光线。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们日复一日地走着同样的路，但每一小时的每一分钟都感觉是新的。A. directin方向；B. speed速度；C. path路径；D. campus校园。根据上文“walk the same”可推知，作者和他的狗狗散步时走同样的路径。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们日复一日地走着同样的路，但每一小时的每一分钟都感觉是新鲜的。A. new新鲜的；B. free自由的；C. real真实的；D. cmplete完整的。根据上文“We walk the same ___14___, day after day”和表示转折的“but”可推知，虽然作者每天重复同样的事情，但是会有新鲜的感觉，new在上文有同词复现。故选A。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Dragn Bat Festival, als knwn as the Duanwu Festival, is a traditinal Chinese hliday celebrated natinwide ___36___ (remember) Qu Yuan, ne f the greatest pets f ancient China and the ___37___ (early) knwn by name. When Qu Yuan jumped int a river ut f lve fr his cuntry in 278 BC, peple ___38___ (desperate) rwed ut in bats t search fr him. This inspired the Dragn Bat Festival, which takes place each year n the fifth day f the fifth mnth f the Chinese calendar, ___39___ day when Qu Yuan died. Festivities vary in different parts f China, ___40___ they share several traditins, dragn bat racing included. Rwers sit in large dragn-shaped bats and rw them ___41___ the beat f a drum (鼓), which is usually played by smene ___42___ (seat) at the frnt f the bat. Anther feature f the celebratins is a ppular snack called zngzi r ___43___ (stick) rice dumplings. It is believed that zngzi, which represent gd luck, ___44___ (thrw) int the river t stp fish eating Qu Yuan’s bdy. In sme parts f China, mugwrt (艾草) leaves can be seen ____45____ (hang) n drs r windws during the Dragn Bat Festival t discurage insects frm entering the huse.
【答案】36. t remember
37. earliest
38. desperately
39. the 40. but
41. t 42. seated
43. sticky 44. are thrwn
45. hanging
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了端午节的起源和一些习俗。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：龙舟节，也被称为端午节，是一个在全国范围内庆祝的中国传统节日，目的是纪念屈原，他是中国古代最伟大的诗人之一，也是最早被知道名字的诗人。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空处作目的状语，表示“为了……”，应用remember的不定式形式。故填t remember。
【37题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：龙舟节，也被称为端午节，是一个在全国范围内庆祝的中国传统节日，目的是纪念屈原，他是中国古代最伟大的诗人之一，也是最早被知道名字的诗人。根据空前的“the”和空后的“knwn by name”可推知，此处表示“最早留下姓名的诗人”，空处应用early的最高级形式。故填earliest。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：公元前278年，屈原出于对祖国热爱而跳入江中，人们拼命划着船去寻找他。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词rwed，desperate的副词形式desperately符合题意，意为“拼命地”。故填desperately。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这是端午节的灵感来源，端午节在每年农历五月初五举行，这一天是屈原去世的日子。分析句子可知，空处特指上文提到的每年农历五月初五这一天，应用定冠词the。故填the。
40题详解】
考查连词。句意：中国各地的庆祝活动各不相同，但它们有几个共同的传统，包括赛龙舟。上文表示“各地的庆祝活动各不相同”，下文表示“有几个共同的传统”，上下文语义构成转折，空处应用意为“但是”的并列连词but，连接上下文。故填but。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：桨手们坐在巨大的龙形船上，随着鼓声划桨，鼓声通常由坐在船前面的人演奏。根据空前的“rw them”和空后的“the beat f a drum (鼓)”可推知，空处应用表示某事发生时伴随的声音的介词t，表示随着鼓声划桨。故填t。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：桨手们坐在巨大的龙形船上，随着鼓声划桨，鼓声通常由坐在船前面的人演奏。分析句子可知，空处作smene的后置定语，是非谓语动词，seat“使坐下”和smene逻辑上是被动关系，且侧重状态，应用seat的过去分词形式。故填seated。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：庆祝活动的另一个特色是一种受欢迎的小吃，叫做粽子或糯米包。分析句子可知，空处是修饰rice的定语，stick的形容词形式sticky符合题意，意为“黏性的”，stick rice表示“糯米”。故填sticky。
【44题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：据说，粽子被扔进河里是为了防止鱼吃掉屈原的尸体，它代表着好运。分析句子可知，空处作that引导的从句的谓语，此处在描述通常性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，thrw“扔”和主语zngzi之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合represent可知，主语是复数，be动词应用are。故填are thrwn。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国的一些地区，端午节期间可以看到艾叶挂在门或窗户上，以阻止昆虫进入房子。分析句子可知，空处作主语补足语，为非谓语动词，且此处侧重当时正在进行的行为，应用hang的现在分词形式，构成固定短语be seen ding，意为“被看到在做”。故填hanging。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华。请给你的外国朋友Ryan写一封信，分享你最近的一次家务劳动经历。内容包括：
1 劳动过程；
2. 劳动感受。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I hpe t hear frm yu sn. Best wishes!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Ryan,
I am writing t share with yu a recent experience I had with husewrk.
One mrning, I wke up t the realizatin that my rm was in a cmplete mess. Determined t tidy up, I immediately sprang int actin. I began by thrwing away garbage and unnecessary items, and then prceeded t neatly arrange the bks that were scattered acrss my sfa, flr, and desk back nt the bkshelf. It was quite a labrius prcess, but the end result was truly satisfying. Nt nly did my rm lk sparkling clean, but I als felt a sense f accmplishment and pride in my hard wrk.
I hpe t hear frm yu sn. Best wishes!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生给外国朋友Ryan写一封信，分享最近的一次家务劳动经历，需叙述劳动的过程，描述劳动的感受。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
清理：tidy up→clear up, clean up
迅速采取行动：spring int actin→jump int actin, swing int actin
辛苦的：labrius→hard, arduus
令人满意的：satisfying→satisfactry, fulfilling
成就：accmplishment→achievement, attainment
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It was quite a labrius prcess, but the end result was truly satisfying.
拓展句：Even thugh it was quite a labrius prcess, the end result was truly satisfying.
【点睛】[高分句型1] One mrning, I wke up t the realizatin that my rm was in a cmplete mess. (运用了that引导同位语从句)
[高分句型2] I began by thrwing away garbage and unnecessary items, and then prceeded t neatly arrange the bks that were scattered acrss my sfa, flr, and desk back nt the bkshelf. (运用了that引导限制性定语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Alex sat quietly at the back f his Chinese class, his eyes fixed n the textbk befre him. As a shy and unnticed student, he felt like a lne wlf, struggling against the cmplexities f high schl life. Ms Lau, his Chinese teacher, was a light in his therwise dark wrld. Her warm smile and gentle behavir made her stand ut amng the sea f teachers. She was the nly ne wh seemed t understand his cnservative nature, always encuraging him t step ut f his cmfrt zne.
One day, after class, Ms Lau apprached Alex with excitement shining in her eyes. “Alex, I have an ffer fr yu,” she said, her vice filled with enthusiasm. “I am rganizing a cultural exchange prgram t China, and I believe it wuld be a great pprtunity fr yu t explre a new wrld.”
Alex’s heart skipped a beat, the prspect f traveling t a freign cuntry bth exciting and terrifying. He hesitated, unsure if he had the curage t start such an adventure. But Ms Lau’s firm belief in him gave him the push he needed t take a leap f faith.
Under Ms Lau’s guidance, Alex began preparing fr the trip. He gt really interested in Chinese culture and learned abut its lng histry and traditins. Ms Lau became his mentr(导师), teaching him nt nly the language but als invaluable life lessns. She taught him the imprtance f being cnfident and nt giving up, reminding him that grwth nly happens utside ne’s cmfrt zne.
The day f departure arrived, and Alex fund himself n a plane headed fr China. He culdn’t help but feel amazed as he stepped ff the plane and int a wrld s different frm his wn. The busy streets, bright clrs, and unfamiliar sunds flded his senses. Yet, Ms Lau’s cmfrting presence by his side prvided him with the strength t face the unknwn.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150词左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
During their time in China, Alex whleheartedly enjyed the experience.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Back in the United States, Alex was a changed persn.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】He felt s excited that she culdn’t wait t explre China. The high buildings, the mdern cities,the picturesque scenery and the advanced technlgy made Alex really fall in lve with this great cuntry. Als, Alex visited several well-knwn places f interest in China, such as the Great Wall, the Frbidden City and s n, in which he learned much mre abut Chinese traditinal culture and histry. Besides that, he enjyed a lt f Chinese delicius fd. He liked the Beijing rast duck best. Mst imprtantly, t his happiness, he made a lt f Chinese friends. They were friendly and kind t him.
He was n lnger shy and quiet. He became much mre cnfident and utging. As sn as he went back t schl, he was glad t tell his classmates abut his wnderful experience in China.He studied even harder and was als brave t express pinins and ideas in the class, which wn ppularity amng teachers and students. Mre and mre classmates made friends with Alex. He was much happier and mre ptimistic twards life and future.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Alex这个小男孩经常坐在班级的后面，害羞，不引人注目，没有朋友，像一头孤狼一样独来独往。唯一带给Alex阳光和安慰的是他的语文老师，Ms Lau. Ms Lau鼓励他去参加中国的文化交流项目。中国之行彻底改变了Alex，让他变得阳光开朗。
【详解】段落续写
①由第一段首句“During their time in China, Alex whleheartedly enjyed the experience. ”(在中国期间，亚历克斯非常享受这段经历。)可知，第一段可描写Alex在中国旅行交流的经历。
②由第二段首句“Back in the United States, Alex was a changed persn.”(回到美国，亚历克斯变了一个人。)可知，第二段可描写Alex回到美国后发生的变化。
续写线索：到中国→参观名胜古迹→吃美食→交中国朋友→回到美国→变化
词汇激活
行为类：
①了解：learn abut/knw abut
②表达：speak up/express
③爱上：fall in lve with/lse ne’s heart t
情绪类：
①开心做某事：be glad t d/be happy t d
②积极乐观的：ptimistic/psitive
③善良的：kind/nice
【点睛】【高分句型1】He felt s excited that she culdn’t wait t explre China.(运用了引导的结果状语从句)
【高分句型2】Als, Alex visited several well-knwn places f interest in China, such as the Great Wall, the Frbidden City and s n, in which he learned much mre abut Chinese traditinal culture and histry. (运用了in which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型3】As sn as he went back t schl, he was glad t tell his classmates abut his wnderful experience in China.(运用了as sn as引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型4】He studied even harder and was als brave t express pinins and ideas in the class, which wn ppularity amng teachers and students. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)