湖南省岳阳市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末质量监测英语试题（Word版附解析）

这是一份湖南省岳阳市2023-2024学年高一上学期1月期末质量监测英语试题（Word版附解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了考生必须保证答题卡的整洁，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

本试卷共12页，共67道小题，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、考号、姓名和座位号填写在答题卡指定位置。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。
4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，只交答题卡。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是 C。
1. Wh cut the man’s hair this time?
A. A hairdresser. B. His father. C. His mther.
2. What des the wman want the man t d?
A. Lend her a bk. B. G traveling with her. C. Give her sme suggestins.
3. What have sprts mainly helped the wman d?
A. Make friends. B. Imprve health. C. Perfrm better at wrk.
4. When will the meeting prbably start?
A. At 5:30 p. m. B. At 5:40 p. m. C. At 5:50 p. m.
5. Why is Sarah unable t attend the event?
A. She is ill. B. She is traveling. C. She is busy wrking.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the wman ding in the cnversatin?
A. Ding a jb interview. B. Selling a prduct.
C. Sharing her success stry.
7. What did the wman use AI t d?
A. She created a website.
B. She started a business.
C. She designed psts.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At a park. B. At a pet shp. C. At the wman’s hme.
9. What is the weather like tday?
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Windy.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Writer and fan. B. Radi hst and guest. C. Teacher and student.
11. What type f bk are the speakers discussing?
A. A fictin nvel B. A textbk C. A science bk
12. What kind f language is used in the bk?
A. Prfessinal language. B. Simple language. C. Funny language.
13. Which subject was the wman gd at in schl?
A. Math. B. Science. C. English.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
14. Where is the biggest area f rubbish lcated?
A. In the Pacific Ocean. B. In the Indian Ocean. C. In the Atlantic Ocean.
15. Hw des the man feel abut the rubbish areas in the ceans?
A. Discuraged. B. Uninterested. C. Shcked.
16. What d peple mainly find in the rubbish?
A Metal. B. Plastic. C. Glass.
17. What is the best way t deal with the rubbish accrding t the wman?
A. Putting it under the cean.
B. Using special bats t cllect it.
C. Recycling it befre it gets int the cean.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
18. What will the speaker study at university?
A. Histry. B. Building design. C. Htel management.
19. What did the speaker’s father ffer her?
A. A flight ticket. B. A traditinal wine bttle. C. A list f must-see buildings.
20. Hw many flrs des the CITIC Twer have in ttal?
A.108 flrs. B.115 flrs. C. 128 flrs.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Welcme t Pdcasts! Accrding t the survey: this week’s mst ppular bks, we highly recmmend fur bks t yu.
When She Was Princess
In 1945, the wman wh was t becme Queen Elizabeth II (and recently celebrated 70 years n the British thrne) was aged 19, keenly aware f the duties f the crwn and already shwing signs f a quiet determinatin t face the challenges that lay ahead.
Parental As Anything, with Maggie Dent
Parenting authr Maggie Dent shares what t d if yur kids are fighting ver every little thing and ther cmmn parenting dilemmas. There are practical tips and answers n everything affecting children f all ages frm shyness t screen time, aviding hmewrk t tantrums and mre.
Get Mving Keep Mving
Passinate abut psychlgy and exercise science, Dr Spence has cmbined the tw in this bk t explre why exercise lses its lustre (光泽) as we age, and shws us hw the challenge f returning t exercise can be vercme and the pssibilities this create s fr ageing well. Using persnal stries, this easy-t-read guide empwers readers t take charge f their health, recnnect with their physical self, and set themselves up fr a lnger, healthier life.
The “Harry Ptter” Series by J. K. Rwling n Audible
Harry Ptter needs little intrductin, but the audi bks available n Audible (subscriptin) can be a great way t intrduce kids t Hgwarts-and fr thse wh have read the bks, t revisit Harry, Hermine and Rn.
HOW TO GET PODCASTS
T listen n the web: In a search engine, lk up The Cmmune, fr example, and click n the play buttn.
T dwnlad: Dwnlad an app such as Pdcatchers r iTunes n yur phne r tablet and simply search by title.
1. Which bk talks abut hw t get alng with kids in their family?
A. When She Was PrincessB. Parental As Anything
C. Get Mving Keep MvingD. The ‘Harry Ptter’ Series
2. What d we knw frm the text?
A. J. K. Rwling intrduces adults t Hgwarts.
B. Maggie Dent shares hw t stick t exercise.
C. Queen Elizabeth II came int pwer when she was 19.
D. Dr Spence uses persnal stries t lead readers t live a healthier life.
3. What clumn (专栏) in a magazine might the passage cme frm?
A. Literature.B. Health.C. Sprts.D. Science.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本畅销书的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Parenting authr Maggie Dent shares what t d if yur kids are fighting ver every little thing and ther cmmn parenting dilemmas. There are practical tips and answers n everything affecting children f all ages frm shyness t screen time, aviding hmewrk t tantrums and mre.(育儿作家玛吉·登特分享了如果你的孩子为每一件小事和其他常见的育儿困境而争吵时该怎么做。从害羞到看屏幕，从逃避作业到发脾气等等影响各个年龄段孩子的事情，都有实用的建议和答案)”可知，Parental As Anything讲的是如何与家里的孩子相处。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Using persnal stries, this easy-t-read guide empwers readers t take charge f their health, recnnect with their physical self, and set themselves up fr a lnger, healthier life.(通过个人故事，这本易于阅读的指南使读者能够掌控自己的健康，重新与他们的身体自我联系，并为更长寿，更健康的生活做好准备)”可知，斯宾塞博士用个人故事引导读者过上更健康的生活。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Welcme t Pdcasts! Accrding t the survey: this week’s mst ppular bks, we highly recmmend fur bks t yu.(欢迎来到播客！根据调查：本周最受欢迎的书，我们向你强烈推荐四本书)”结合文章主要介绍了四本畅销书的情况。由此推知，文章也许选自杂志的文学专栏。故选A。
B
As an undergraduate in Mumbai, India, Saad Bhamla d smething rewarding fr his grandparents. The prblem was, his grandparents suffered frm age-related hearing lss and desperately needed hearing aids. Saad’s heart sank when he discvered that the prices were shckingly high and far beynd his means.
Determined t find a slutin, he devted himself t his studies and research. Nw, 15 years later, the prfessr has invented a device t help the ld acrss the glbe: A cheap hearing aid. The practical device, described in a new study, culd help restre hearing t millins suffering frm age-related hearing lss fr less than the price f a bttle f water.
The device is the size f a matchbx and can be wrn like a necklace. At bulk (批量) rates, Bhamla says, it wuld cst just under $1 t make.
In lw and middle-incme cuntries, nly 3% f peple with age-related hearing lss wear hearing aids, and in cuntries like the United States, the adptin rate hvers (徘徊) at abut 20%, accrding t Bhamla. Aside frm cncerns abut cst, Bhamla says, “a lt f peple dn’t realize they have hearing lss and then there is the scial prejudice f wearing the aid. Thse with the aids wuld be lked dwn upn.”
Bhamla added “If these cst-effective devices were put int use, they culd benefit many peple. In thery, if hearing prblems are alleviated (缓解), peple’s cgnitive pathways will be changed, the risk f Alzheimer’s disease reduced.”
Bhamla wants bimedical devices t be as cheap and accessible as cnsumer electrnics. He still remembers the experience f learning that he culdn’t affrd t help his grandparents. “I thught wning a laptp and a cellphne meant I had the means t purchase hearing aids, but then I realized hw expensive they were,” he recalls. “S I understd the wrld mre clearly.”
4. What des the underlined wrd “restre” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A Damage.B. Recver.C. Repeat.D. Remember.
5. Which is NOT the reasn fr a lw percentage f hearing aids adptin arund the wrld?
A. Sme peple are unaware f their hearing lss.B. Sme peple are cncerned abut the high price.
C. Sme peple take n ntice f scial prejudice.D. Sme peple are afraid f being lked dwn upn.
6. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. Bhamla wants t make a lt f mney frm his inventin.
B Bhamla wants t make hearing aids affrdable fr peple.
C. Bhamla was unwilling t buy hearing aids fr his grandparents.
D. Bhamla started t understand the meaning f wning hearing aids.
7. What kind f persn is Saad Bhamla?
A. Persistent and creative.B. Stubbr n and prud.
C. Independent and easy-ging.D. Intelligent and hnest.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了印度孟买的一名教授Saad Bhamla花费15年时间发明了一种廉价的助听器，帮助数百万因年龄而听力受损的人恢复听力。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“The prblem was, his grandparents suffered frm age-related hearing lss and desperately needed hearing aids. Saad’s heart sank when he discvered that the prices were shckingly high and far beynd his means.(问题是，他的祖父母患有与年龄有关的听力损失，迫切需要助听器。当萨阿德发现价格高得惊人，远远超出他的承受能力时，他的心一沉)”和划线词上文“The practical device, described in a new study, culd help”以及后文“hearing t millins suffering frm age-related hearing lss fr less than the price f a bttle f water”可知，这位教授的祖父母听力损失，需要助听器，但是价格很高，于是教授发明了这种设备，来帮助数百万因年龄而听力受损的人恢复听力，而价格还不到一瓶水的价格。故划线词意思是“恢复”。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Aside frm cncerns abut cst, Bhamla says, “a lt f peple dn’t realize they have hearing lss and then there is the scial prejudice f wearing the aid. Thse with the aids wuld be lked dwn upn.”(除了对成本的担忧，巴姆拉说：“很多人没有意识到他们有听力损失，而且佩戴助听器还有社会偏见。那些有助听器的人会被瞧不起的。”)”可知，高昂的价格、有些人没意识到自己的听力问题、社会偏见是助听器使用率低的原因。C项“有些人不注意社会偏见”不是全球助听器使用率低的原因。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Bhamla wants bimedical devices t be as cheap and accessible as cnsumer electrnics. He still remembers the experience f learning that he culdn’t affrd t help his grandparents. “I thught wning a laptp and a cellphne meant I had the means t purchase hearing aids, but then I realized hw expensive they were,” he recalls. “S I understd the wrld mre clearly.”(Bhamla希望生物医学设备能像消费电子产品一样便宜和容易获得。他仍然记得得知自己负担不起帮助祖父母的经历。“我以为拥有一台笔记本电脑和一部手机就意味着我有能力购买助听器，但后来我意识到它们有多贵，”他回忆道。“所以我更清楚地了解了这个世界。”)”可知，Bhamla希望让人们能够负担得起助听器。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Determined t find a slutin, he devted himself t his studies and research. Nw, 15 years later, the prfessr has invented a device t help the ld acrss the glbe: A cheap hearing aid.(为了找到解决办法，他全身心地投入到学习和研究中。15年后的今天，这位教授发明了一种帮助全球老年人的设备：一种廉价的助听器)”可知，Saad Bhamla为了解决助听器太贵的问题，全身心地投入到学习和研究中，最后发明出了便宜的助听器，说明他是一个有毅力，有创造力的人。故选A。
C
Researchers have extensively explred whether time f day affects exercise benefits and perfrmance. Althugh mrning wrkuts may be the greatest fr circadian rhythms (昼夜节律), afternn exercise tends t be slightly mre efficient. Overall, given the benefits f exercise, the best time t wrk ut fr mst peple is whenever they can fit it int their schedules.
A key part f starting t exercise is chsing when t wrk ut. Mrning, afternn, r evening: Which time is best? Scientists have studied this dilemma extensively.
Fr fresh exercisers, mrning wrkuts are ften the mst terrible. Trading a czy bed fr an unfrgiving fitness center can be a rude awakening t say the least. But mrning wrkuts have their advantages. Challenging the bdy prduces endrphins (内啡肽), uplifting ne’s md fllwing effrt. These chemicals, alng with a few thers, bst energy levels, alertness, and fcus, which can make yu mre prductive and attentive at wrk.
But early exercisers may nt be able t achieve peak perfrmance. Strnger muscles, fewer stred energy reserves frm vernight fasting (夜间禁食), and a slightly cler bdy temperature in the mrning add up t influence exercise utput. Therefre, mre anxius exercisers might prefer wrking ut in the afternn.
Exercise itself may als be mre efficient in the afternn. Fr example, in ne study, yung men instructed t cycle t exhaustin at a set difficulty were able t ride 20% lnger in the afternn cmpared t the mrning. A review f studies als fund that muscle strength, muscle pwer, and running abilities all peaked in the afternn, tpping mrning perfrmance by anywhere frm 3% t 20%.
Finally, sme flks may decide t wrk ut later in the evening. Studies centered arund this time f day tend t fcus n whether r nt nightly exercise negatively impacts sleep quality. Gathered research suggests it des nt and, instead, actually imprves sleep.
S, taking everything int accunt, when is the best time t exercise? There actually is a straightfrward answer! If yu’re nt abut t g t sleep, if yu’ve gt sme free time n yur hands, and if yu haven’t already exercised tday, the best time t exercise is nw.
8. When is the best time fr peple t exercise accrding t the research?
A. In the mrning.B. In the afternn.
C. In the evening.D. Whenever they are available.
9. Which f the fllwing is nt the advantage f mrning exercise?
A. Imprving ne’s md fllwing effrt.
B. Prducing mre chemicals in the bdy.
C. Increasing energy level, alertness and fcus.
D. Making yu mre efficient and cncentrated at wrk.
10. What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. Exercise efficiency increases in the mrning.
B. Nightly exercise seriusly influences sleep quality.
C. Mre anxius exercisers prefer exercising in the afternn.
D. Afternn exercise might have an advantage ver mrning exercise.
11. What is a suitable title fr the text?
A. What can exercise bring t us?B. Are yu ready t exercise nw?
C. When is the best time t exercise?D. Hw can yu chse the best time t exercise?
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要以“什么时间是最佳锻炼时间”为话题进行了讨论，作者分析了早晨锻炼，下午锻炼和晚间锻炼分别带来的好处，最后总结，其实并没有什么标准答案。如果你不打算睡觉，如果你有一些空闲时间，如果你今天还没有锻炼，那么现在就是锻炼的最佳时间。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Overall, given the benefits f exercise, the best time t wrk ut fr mst peple is whenever they can fit it int their schedules.(总的来说，考虑到锻炼的好处，对大多数人来说，锻炼的最佳时间是他们能将其纳入自己的时间表的时候)”可知，对于大多数人来说，当他们可以将锻炼这一件事情安排到自己的时间表的时候，就是最佳时间，即有空锻炼的时候就是最佳时间。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“But mrning wrkuts have their advantages. Challenging the bdy prduces endrphins, uplifting ne’s md fllwing effrt. These chemicals, alng with a few thers, bst energy levels, alertness, and fcus, which can make yu mre prductive and attentive at wrk.(但是晨练也有它的好处。挑战身体会产生内啡肽，使人在努力后心情振奋。这些化学物质和其他一些物质一起，可以提高能量水平、警觉性和注意力，让你在工作中更有效率、更专注)”可知，晨练的好处是可以使身体产生内啡肽，心情振奋，与身体内其他物质一起提高能量水平，警觉性和注意力，从而工作起来更有效率，更专注。选项B“Prducing mre chemicals in the bdy.(在体内产生更多的化学物质)”并未在好处中提及。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段内容“Exercise itself may als be mre efficient in the afternn.(锻炼本身在下午也可能更有效)”以及“A review f studies als fund that muscle strength, muscle pwer, and running abilities all peaked in the afternn, tpping mrning perfrmance by anywhere frm 3% t 20%.(一项研究综述还发现，肌肉力量、体力和跑步能力都在下午达到顶峰，比早上的表现高出3%到20%)”可知，下午锻炼的效果可能更好，肌肉力量，体力以及跑步能力都能在下午达到顶峰，比早上表现得好。由此推知，下午锻炼可能比早晨锻炼有好处。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通过阅读文章内容可知，文章第二段内容“A key part f starting t exercise is chsing when t wrk ut. Mrning, afternn, r evening: Which time is best?(开始锻炼的一个关键部分是选择什么时候锻炼。早上、下午还是晚上：哪个时间最好？)”提出了文章的核心话题，即最佳锻炼时间是什么时候，并在后文对各个时间段锻炼进行了效果分析。由此可知，选项C“When is the best time t exercise?(什么时候是锻炼的最佳时间？)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选C项。
D
Fr the first time, researchers have successfully transplanted genetically mdified (基因改良的) pig hearts int tw dead humans wh were n life supprt. The recipients (接受者), whse families dnated their bdies fr the prcedures, had been declared brain-dead.
The tw surgeries tk place at NYU Langne Health’s Tisch Hspital in New Yrk City. The first recipient was Larry Kelly, a 73-year-ld man wh had had tw pen-heart surgeries befre. Infrmatin n the secnd recipient hasn’t yet been shared. After the transplants, the tw recipients were bserved fr 72 hurs. There were n signs f rejectin (排斥) and the hearts functined nrmally.
Xentransplantatin ffers a pssible slutin t the shrtage f dnr rgans. In the US alne, mre than 105,000 peple are waiting fr an rgan transplant, and 17 die each day. But a majr cncern with using animal rgans is transplant rejectin — when the immune system attacks the rgan, eventually causing it t fail.
T avid this, Nader Mazami at NYU Langne Health and his clleagues used hearts frm pigs with 10 genetic mdificatins. Fur turned ff genes knwn t increase the risk f transplant rejectin and abnrmal rgan grwth. The ther six were inserted human genes that reduce incmpatibilities (不相容性) between bilgical pathways in pigs and humans. Infectin with animal viruses is anther pssible risk. While the virus can’t infect human cells, it did infect the transplanted rgan, ptentially cntributing t his death.
Fr the tw recent transplants, Mntgmery at New Yrk University Langne Health said they used specialized prcedures that can detect lw levels f the virus and screen fr ther pig diseases.
“It was ne f the mst amazing things t see a pig heart beating inside the chest f a human being. It is a great hnr t witness that in my lifetime,” said Mntgmery. “This is a cmpletely new field.”
12. What is paragraph 2 f the text mainly abut?
A. The methds f bservatin.B. The functin f the tw surgeries.
C. The basic infrmatin abut the tw surgeries.D. The persnal infrmatin f the tw recipients.
13. Why did the authr list these figures in paragraph 3?
A. T reflect the shrtage f dnr rgans.
B. T intrduce the idea f transplant rejectin.
C. T stress the ptential imprtance f Xentransplantatin.
D. T shw cncern fr peple waiting fr an rgan transplant.
14. What did the study led by Mazami fcus n?
A. Ways t deal with abnrmal rgan grwth.
B. Incmpatibilities between pigs and humans.
C. Specialized prcess detecting levels f viruses.
D. Genetic mdificatins t reduce transplant rejectin.
15. What is Mntgmery’s attitude tward their studies?
A. Unclear.B. Neutral.C. Dubtful.D. Optimistic.
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了异种移植已经成功的应用到人类身上，科学家们正在想办法减少移植排斥反应。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The tw surgeries tk place at NYU Langne Health’s Tisch Hspital in New Yrk City. (这两次手术都是在纽约大学Langne Health’s Tisch 医院进行的。)”和全段内容可知，文章第二段主要讲的是两次手术的基本信息。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Xentransplantatin ffers a pssible slutin t the shrtage f dnr rgans. In the US alne, mre than 105,000 peple are waiting fr an rgan transplant, and 17 die each day.( 异种移植为供体器官短缺提供了一个可能的解决方案。仅在美国，就有超过10.5万人在等待器官移植，每天有17人死亡。)”可知，作者在第3段列出这些数字是为了强调异种移植的潜在重要性。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“But a majr cncern with using animal rgans is transplant rejectin — when the immune system attacks the rgan, eventually causing it t fail. (但是使用动物器官的一个主要问题是移植排斥反应——当免疫系统攻击器官时，最终导致器官衰竭。)”第四段中“T avid this, Nader Mazami at NYU Langne Health and his clleagues used hearts frm pigs with 10 genetic mdificatins. (为了避免这种情况，纽约大学Langne 健康中心的Nader Mazami和他的同事使用了经过10个基因修改的猪心脏。)”可知， Mazami领导的这项研究关注的是基因修改减少移植排斥反应。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘It was ne f the mst amazing things t see a pig heart beating inside the chest f a human being. It is a great hnr t witness that in my lifetime,’ said Mntgmery. ‘This is a cmpletely new field.’(Mntgmery说：‘看到一个人的心脏在胸腔里跳动是最神奇的事情之一。能在我的有生之年见证这一切是我的荣幸。这是一个全新的领域。’)”可知， Mntgmery对他们的研究的态度是乐观的。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Beynd Burnut
The wrld is seriusly stressed ut. We all get busy smetimes, but feeling cnstantly wrried and verwhelmed can lead t burnut, which can have serius results.____16____.
Lk fr meaning at wrk
We can tlerate stress lnger if we believe we’re ding smething purpseful and wrthwhile. We’re mre likely t experience mre stress when smething seems ut f ur cntrl, against ur will r ttally meaningless. Take stck f (仔细审视) what’s n yur plate. ____17____.
____18____
Ignring (忽视) yur diet r eating fast fds r cmfrt fds can becme a way f dealing with stress, but it will reduce nutrients necessary t bring energy. Many individuals are less active when under stress. ____19____. While yu dn’t have t run away frm a muntain lin these days, even light mvement helps “cmplete” the stress cycle.
Recgnize when it has becme t much
It’s very cmmn fr superirs t cntinue t increase tasks ver time. If we dn’t cmmunicate ur needs r limitatins, they may be ignred. ____20____. Fr nurse Wendy Reynlds, directr f a hspital intensive care unit, stress had always been part f the jb. She slved her burnut prblem by starting a different rle where she can manage her wrk-life balance while still having a satisfying career.
If yu d feel burnt ut, therapy can help yu prcess wrk-related stress and learn cping strategies, and it can teach yu t cmmunicate with yur emplyer and set healthy bundaries.
A. Have a health y diet
B. Dn’t ignre yurself
C. This is particularly true in the hspital
D. But mvement is the mst natural respnse t ur bdy’s stress
E. If yu dn’t expect things will imprve, cnsider changing jbs r even careers
F. If yu can, cut ne r tw f thse things that dn’t persnally give yu meaning
G. Befre situatin gets wrse, there are several steps yu can take t prevent burnut
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. B 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个步骤来缓解压力防止过度疲劳。
【16题详解】
上文“We all get busy smetimes, but feeling cnstantly wrried and verwhelmed can lead t burnut, which can have serius results. (我们有时都会很忙，但持续的担忧和不堪重负会导致过度疲劳，这可能会产生严重的后果。)”说明压力会导致过度疲劳，选项G“在情况变得更糟之前，你可以采取几个步骤来防止过度疲劳”承接上文，引出文章主题“对防止过度疲劳给予一些建议”。故选G项。
【17题详解】
上文“We can tlerate stress lnger if we believe we’re ding smething purpseful and wrthwhile. We’re mre likely t experience mre stress when smething seems ut f ur cntrl, against ur will r ttally meaningless. Take stck f (仔细审视) what’s n yur plate. (如果我们相信自己在做有目的、有价值的事情，我们就能更长久地忍受压力。当一些事情似乎超出我们的控制，违背我们的意愿或完全没有意义时，我们更有可能感受到更多的压力。盘点一下你盘子里的都有什么。)”说明要选择有意义的事情去做，盘点一下自己眼前都有什么事情，选项F“如果可以的话，删去一两个对你个人来说没有意义的事情”承接上文，建议把没有意义的事情删去。故选F项。
【18题详解】
下文“Ignring (忽视) yur diet r eating fast fds r cmfrt fds can becme a way f dealing with stress, but it will reduce nutrients necessary t bring energy. (忽略你的饮食，吃快餐或安慰食品可以成为应对压力的一种方式，但它会减少提供能量所必需的营养。)”和“While yu dn’t have t run away frm a muntain lin these days, even light mvement helps ‘cmplete’ the stress cycle. (虽然现在你不必从美洲狮面前逃跑，即使是轻微的运动也有助于‘完成’压力循环。)”说明不能忽视自己，要重视自己的饮食和锻炼，选项B“不要忽视自己”概括本段主题，适合做小标题。故选B项。
【19题详解】
上文“Many individuals are less active when under stress. (许多人在压力下不太积极。)”说明压力造成不积极，选项D“但是运动是对我们身体压力的最自然的反应”转折上文语义，建议进行运动来应对压力，下文“While yu dn’t have t run away frm a muntain lin these days, even light mvement helps ‘cmplete’ the stress cycle. (虽然现在你不必从美洲狮面前逃跑，即使是轻微的运动也有助于‘完成’压力循环。)”进一步说明，即便轻微的运动都是有益的。选项中mvement和下文中词汇重叠，语义一致，故选D项。
【20题详解】
上文“It’s very cmmn fr superirs t cntinue t increase tasks ver time. If we dn’t cmmunicate ur needs r limitatins, they may be ignred. (随着时间的推移，上司不断增加任务是很常见的。如果我们不沟通我们的需要或限制，它们可能会被忽视。)”说明工作压力越来越大，我们的需求和限制有可能被忽视，选项E“如果你预料情况不会好转，那就考虑换工作，甚至换职业”承接上文，建议在不会好转的情况下考虑换工作。下文“She slved her burnut prblem by starting a different rle where she can manage her wrk-life balance while still having a satisfying career. (她通过开始一个不同的角色来解决自己的倦怠问题，在这个角色中，她可以管理自己的工作与生活平衡，同时仍然有一个令人满意的职业。)”举例说明她改换不同的角色解决了问题，和选项语义一致。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Petersn Simn and his wife Li Jing have traveled acrss the glbe by the back paths, prviding their sns Jimmy and Tmmy a(n) ____21____ envirnment fr persnal grwth.
This East-meets-West cuple started ____22____ while their yunger sn was still a baby in 2003. Mst f their trips are far frm the ht ____23____ recmmended by travel guidebks. “Real travel may be hard, uncertain, ____24____, but there’s a feel-gd factr when yu pass a test f sme kind,” Simn wrte in the family’s newly published travel memir (回忆录) Pages f Discvery.
Simn attaches great imprtance t ____25____ ut f the classrm, saying that children might scre well n schl tests, ____26____ that experience f the wrld utside, with different languages, plitical structures, and religius beliefs, is the real ____27____ grund.
Children in this internatinal family did nt have the ____28____ t perfrm n schl tests, but they had “____29____” n the rad. Li asked her sns t write travel diaries, cllect tickets, _____30_____ maps and summarize travel tips. She says such habits, thugh they might nt _____31_____ imprve test scres, will benefit them in later life.
These experiences certainly shaped their sns’ characters and _____32_____ their chsen study at university. One _____33_____ wrld histry the ther internatinal relatins. The tw brthers als share a(n) _____34_____ in histrical mnuments, and the Great Wall in particular. They are nw planning t fllw in their father’s ftsteps with a new 4,500-km hike n the Great Wall.
“My parents view the wrld as a big _____35_____, and my brther and I are the biggest beneficiaries (受益人),” Jimmy says.
21. A. gdB. uniqueC. nrmalD. equal
22. A. hikingB. wrkingC. sufferingD. traveling
23. A. parksB. sptsC. muntainsD. cities
24. A. challengingB. simpleC. negativeD. pleasant
25. A. perfrmingB. readingC. learningD. exercising
26. A. andB. sC. butD. r
27. A. testingB. studyingC. playingD. sleeping
28. A. prblemsB. ptentialC. reasnD. pressure
29. A. hmewrkB. ptinC. jyD. adventure
30. A. admireB. drawC. findD. ignre
31. A. slwlyB. usuallyC. cntinuuslyD. directly
32. A. damagedB. updatedC. influencedD. changed
33. A. takes upB. makes upC. passes dwnD. takes in
34. A. activityB. interestC. lectureD. band
35. A. villageB. frumC. classrmD. family
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对东西方结合的夫妇带着两个孩子在世界各地旅行，走过各地的小路，让他们在真正的旅行中接受考验，做各种任务，为他们提供了独特的个人成长环境，这些经历塑造了两个孩子的性格，影响了他们的专业选择和兴趣爱好，让他们受益匪浅。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：彼得森·西蒙和他的妻子李静走过世界各地的乡间小路，为他们的儿子吉米和汤米提供了一个独特的个人成长环境。A. gd好的；B. unique独特的；C. nrmal正常的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“Petersn Simn and his wife Li Jing have traveled acrss the glbe by the back path”可知，夫妻两人在世界各地旅行，由此推知，他们的孩子和其他孩子不同，个人成长环境是独特的。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2003年，当他们的小儿子还是个婴儿时，这对东西方结合的夫妇就开始旅行了。A. hiking徒步；B. wrking工作；C. suffering遭受；D. traveling旅行。根据下文“Mst f their trips”可知，夫妻两人是在小儿子还很小的时候就开始旅行了。故选D。
23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的大部分旅行都远离旅游指南上推荐的热门景点。A. parks公园；B. spts地点；C. muntains山脉；D. cities城市。根据上文“Petersn Simn and his wife Li Jing have traveled acrss the glbe by the back paths”可知，夫妻两人走过世界各地的乡间小路，因此旅行的地方并非旅游指南上推荐的热门景点，固定表达ht spt意为“热门景点”。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“真正的旅行可能是艰难的、不确定的、充满挑战的，但当你通过某种测试时，会有一种感觉良好的因素，”西蒙在他们家新出版的旅行回忆录《发现之页》中写道。A. challenging具有挑战性的；B. simple简单的；C. negative消极的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。根据上文“Real travel may be hard, uncertain”可推知，challenging“具有挑战性的”符合语境，与空前的hard“艰难的”和uncertain“不确定的”并列。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：西蒙非常重视课堂外的学习，他说孩子们可能在学校考试中取得好成绩，但在外面的世界的经历，包含着不同的语言、政治结构和宗教信仰，才是真正的试验场。A. perfrming表演；B. reading阅读；C. learning学习；D. exercising锻炼。根据下文“ut f the classrm”以及夫妻两人让孩子在旅行的过程中体验更为广大的世界，做各种任务可推知，西蒙非常重视的是课堂外的学习。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：西蒙非常重视课堂外的学习，他说孩子们可能在学校考试中取得好成绩，但在外面的世界的经历，包含着不同的语言、政治结构和宗教信仰，才是真正的试验场。A. and并且；B. s所以；C. but但是；D. r或者。根据上文“children might scre well n schl tests”和下文“experience f the wrld utside, with different languages, plitical structures, and religius beliefs, is the real ____7____ grund”可推知，此处语义有转折，突出在外面的世界的经历的重要性，应用but连接上下文。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：西蒙非常重视课堂外的学习，他说孩子们可能在学校考试中取得好成绩，但在外面的世界的经历，包含着不同的语言、政治结构和宗教信仰，才是真正的试验场。A. testing测试；B. studying学习；C. playing玩耍；D. sleeping睡觉。根据上文“there’s a feel-gd factr when yu pass a test f sme kind”可知，西蒙认为真正的旅行能够测试人，再结合上文“children might scre well n schl tests”可推知，此处是把课堂外的经历和课堂内的测试作比较，说明前者才是真正的对孩子的试验场，固定表达testing grund意为“试验场”。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个国际家庭的孩子没有在学校考试中表现的压力，但他们在路上有“家庭作业”。A. prblems问题；B. ptential潜力；C. reasn原因；D. pressure压力。根据夫妻两人带着孩子在世界各地旅行的情境可推知，两个孩子不必承受在学校考试中好好表现的压力。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个国际家庭的孩子没有在学校考试中表现的压力，但他们在路上有“家庭作业”。A. hmewrk家庭作业；B. ptin选择；C. jy喜悦；D. adventure冒险。根据下文“Li asked her sns t write travel diaries, cllect tickets, ____10____ maps and summarize travel tips.”可知，母亲李静会让孩子在旅行中做各种任务，因此他们在路上有“家庭作业”。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：李静让她的儿子们写旅行日记，收集车票，画地图，总结旅行小贴士。A. admire钦佩；B. draw画；C. find找到；D. ignre忽视。根据上文“write travel diaries, cllect tickets”和下文“summarize travel tips”可知，母亲李静布置的任务都是在一段旅行结束后进行归纳和总结，因此是画旅行地的地图。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她说，这样的习惯虽然不能直接提高考试成绩，但会让他们在以后的生活中受益。A. slwly慢慢地；B. usually通常地；C. cntinuusly连续地；D. directly直接地。根据表示让步关系的“thugh”以及下文“imprve test scres”和“will benefit them in later life”可推知，此处是描述这样的习惯的长远作用，虽然不能直接提高考试成绩，但是对以后的生活有益。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些经历无疑塑造了他们儿子的性格，并影响了他们在大学选择的学习。A. damaged损坏；B. updated更新；C. influenced影响；D. changed改变。根据下文“One ____13____ wrld histry, the ther internatinal relatins.”可推知，这些经历是影响了两个孩子大学专业学习的选择。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个研究世界历史，另一个研究国际关系。A. takes up开始从事；B. makes up弥补；C. passes dwn传递；D. takes in理解。根据上文“their chsen study at university”和下文“wrld histry”和“internatinal relatins”可推知，在大学阶段，两个孩子是分别开始从事这两种专业的学习。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这两兄弟还对历史遗迹，尤其是长城很感兴趣。A. activity活动；B. interest兴趣；C. lecture讲座；D. band乐队。根据下文“They are nw planning t fllw in their father’s ftsteps with a new 4,500-km hike n the Great Wall.”可知，两人计划追随父亲的脚步，在长城上进行徒步旅行，因此是对这方面感兴趣。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉米说：“我的父母把世界看作一个大教室，我和哥哥是最大的受益者。”A. village村庄；B. frum论坛；C. classrm教室；D. family家庭。根据上文叙述的夫妻两人带着两个孩子在世界各地旅行，让他们在真正的旅行中接受考验，做各种任务可推知，吉米认为父母是把世界看作一个大教室，让他们学习更广泛的东西。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In fact, the film that yu see n the screen is the prduct f a large quantity f hard wrk, mst f ___36___ take s place behind the scenes. T start with, I’d like t draw ___37___ (yu) attentin t an imprtant factr f a film--sund effects. Fr example, in Jurassic Park, the sunds f different animals, a baby elephant and a tiger ___38___ (include), were mixed by a cmputer t make a dinsaur rar. Anther aspect that I attach great imprtance t is visual special effects. CGI has been ___39___ (frequent) used in film making as a special effects technlgy. In general, scenes ___40___ (require) CGI are filmed in frnt f a green screen in the studi. Because green desn’t match any natural hair r skin clur, actrs can be easily separated frm the backgrund. Prps als cntribute ___41___ a film’s success. T make a film lk real, great effrts must smetimes ___42___ (make) t research, find and build bjects. Directr James Camern spent six mnths lking at and revising plans f the Titanic in rder t build ___43___ full sized mdel fr his 1997 film. Just as the pr passengers n the real Titanic saw the tip f the iceberg, ___44___ we see n the cinema screen is just the tip f the huge iceberg f film-making
Hpefully, next time yu g t the cinema, all thse talented peple behind the scenes will cme t yur mind. They ___45___ (wrk) fr mnths and even years s that yu can have tw hurs f enjyment!
【答案】36. which
37. yur 38. included
39. frequently
40. requiring
41. t 42. be made
43. a 44. what
45. have wrked
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了电影制作的过程和背后的辛苦工作。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：事实上，你在屏幕上看到的电影是大量艰苦工作的产物，其中大部分都发生在幕后。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 hard wrk。先行词指物，在定语从句中作介词的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查代词。句意：首先，我想提请大家注意电影的一个重要因素——音效。空处需要形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词attentin作定语。故填yur。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：例如，在《侏罗纪公园》中，不同动物的声音，包括小象和老虎的声音，被电脑混合在一起，发出恐龙的咆哮声。included为过去分词形式的形容词，意为“包括在内的”，时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后，起着补充说明的作用。故填included。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：CGI作为一种特效技术经常被用于电影制作。空处需要副词修饰后面的动词作状语。故填frequently。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：通常，需要CGI的场景都是在工作室的绿色屏幕前拍摄的。分析句子结构可知，空处需要非谓语动词作定语，修饰前面的名词scenes。该动词和修饰的名词之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填requiring。
【41题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：道具也有助于电影的成功。cntribute t“有助于”，为固定短语。故填t。
【42题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：为了使一部电影看起来真实，有时必须付出巨大的努力来研究、寻找和构建物体。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。该动词和主语之间为被动关系，所以需要被动语态。根据空前的must可知，本句话考查含有情态动词的被动语态，其结构为“情态动词+be dne”。故填be made。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：导演詹姆斯·卡梅隆花了六个月的时间研究和修改泰坦尼克号的计划，为他1997年的电影制作了一个全尺寸的模型。mdel“模型”，为可数名词。此处指“制作了一个全尺寸的模型”，空处需要不定冠词表示泛指。空后为辅音音素开始的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：正如真正的泰坦尼克号上可怜的乘客看到了冰山一角，我们在电影院屏幕上看到的只是电影制作的巨大冰山一角。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句。主语从句中缺少宾语，表示“在电影中看到的东西”，所以用what引导主语从句。故填what。
【45题详解】
考查时态。句意：他们已经工作了几个月甚至几年，所以你可以有两个小时的享受！分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语“fr mnths and even years”可知，句子用现在完成时态，主语为复数。故填have wrked。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是红星中学高一学生李华，你的英国笔友Chris就如何交友感到困惑，向你求助，请你给他回信。内容包括：
1.你对友谊的理解；
2.你的建议。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
I hpe this letter finds yu well.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs truly
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Chris,
I hpe this letter finds yu well. As we all knw, a life withut a friend is a life withut a sun. Because friendships imprve ur lives, it’s imprtant t cultivate them.
Firstly, in rder t enhance yur cnfidence, yu shuld ften g ut and actively cmmunicate with thers. As the sng ges, “The mre we get tgether, the happier we’ll be.” Secndly, yu shuld uses all resurces t make friends. Last but nt least, yu shuld be slw t chse friends, and slwer t change friends.
I hpe my tips are helpful t yu.
Yurs truly
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Chris回信，就如何交友谈一谈自己对友谊的理解并给予建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：imprtant→vital
积极地：actively→psitively
选择：chse→select
建议：tip→suggestin
2.句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：Because friendships imprve ur lives, it’s imprtant t cultivate them.
拓展句：Because friendships imprve ur lives, cultivating them is imprtant.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As we all knw, a life withut a friend is a life withut a sun. (运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】in rder t enhance yur cnfidence, yu shuld ften g ut and actively cmmunicate with thers. (运用了非谓语动词不定式作目的状语)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sharing Christmas With Strangers
I cme frm a large multicultural family, spread ut acrss the glbe, but we’re a tight-knit family that makes an effrt t stay clse. Christmas has always been a chance fr us all t cme tgether, n matter where in the wrld we might be.
My aunt Samantha lved Christmas and always went ut f her way t make it csy and magical fr everyne arund her. She was kind, fun and full f energy s it wasn’t hard t get int the Christmas spirit when she was arund.
December 2022 was n exceptin. Samantha drve three hurs frm her huse in Burnemuth t visit everyne tw weeks befre the 25th and t drp ff presents t her friends still in the area. We chatted abut ur plans, laughed at hw rganised Samantha was (presents already bught and wrapped and the freezer full ahead f the big day) and kissed gdbye when it was time t leave.
S when n the evening f December 18, just seven days befre Christmas Day, Samantha’s sn called t tell us Samantha had passed away suddenly at hme, nne f us culd quite believe it. I’d nly been messaging her the day befre, sharing vice ntes like we always liked t d. Samantha had a bld clt (凝块) that had unfrtunately travelled t her lung and despite the medical wrkers’ best effrts, they were unable t save my belved, fun, wnderful aunt.
S clse t Christmas, nne f us felt like celebrating and we decided we’d have a quiet day at hme, surrunded by family. That was until my sister-in-law, Vera, tld us abut sme clleagues f hers wh’d just arrived in the UK. These fur yung wmen frm mainland China had just arrived in the cuntry far away frm friends and family, eager t experience a prper English Christmas but unaware that they’d have t spend the next tw days alne while the rest f the cuntry gt tgether and celebrated.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
We knew we culdn’t leave them t spend the day by themselves
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It didn’t ease the pain f Samantha’s absence but cnnecting with strangers helped us get thrugh the day.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
We knew we culdn’t leave them t spend the day by themselves. Mre imprtantly, we knew that Samantha wuld have wanted us t thrw pen ur drs and give them a Christmas t remember. At the last minute, we dashed arund shps, adding t the trlly presents fr them t pen. When the day finally came, we welcmed them int the huse with pen arms and tried t put ur pain aside. We pened presents tgether arund the tree, ate a full Christmas dinner, played games, pulled crackers, and ate Christmas cake.
It didn’t ease the pain f Samantha’s absence but cnnecting with strangers helped us get thrugh the day. It turned ut t be the very thing we all needed. The first Christmas withut Samantha was difficult but it was als the first time where Christmas tk n a deeper, mre special meaning. Thanks t Samantha, we realized that the best feeling didn’t cme frm material thing but frm being tgether and shwing ne anther lve. By pening ur drs t strangers wh have nw becme friends, we experienced that lve when we needed it mst.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的姨妈Samantha喜欢圣诞节，但是却在圣诞节前7天不幸去世，本来作者一家想在家里安静地过一天，却得知嫂子Vera的一些同事刚到英国，于是作者为了不让四位来自中国大陆的年轻女性独自度过圣诞节，选择和他们一起过节，并以此来纪念姨妈Samantha。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们知道我们不能让他们独自度过这一天”可知，第一段可描写作者一家为了和嫂子的同事过节所做的一些准备工作以及他们一起过节的场景。
②由第二段首句内容“这并没有减轻Samantha离开的痛苦，但与陌生人的联系帮助我们度过了这一天”可知，第二段可描写作者对这次圣诞节的一些感悟。
2.续写线索：决心和陌生人一起过节——进行过节采购——客人到来——一起过节——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①尝试：try t/attempt t
②记得：remember/keep in mind
③意识到：realize/be aware f
情绪类
①困难：difficult/tugh
②爱：lve/ passin/affectin
【点睛】[高分句型1] When the day finally came, we welcmed them int the huse with pen arms and tried t put ur pain aside. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] By pening ur drs t strangers wh have nw becme friends, we experienced that lve when we needed it mst. (运用了wh引导定语从句)