新高考英语二轮复习课件+讲义（新高考版） 第2部分 完形填空与语法填空　专题4　第3讲　无提示词类——冠词、代词和介词

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技法一　如何确定填冠词冠词是名词的标志，当空后是名词或“形容词＋名词”，而且没有其他限定词时，一般需要用冠词。
第3讲　无提示词类——冠词、代词和介词
针对训练1.(2020·全国Ⅲ改编)In ancient China lived ____ artist whse paintings were almst lifelike.2.(2022·山东日照联考)Liuzhu lusifen，___ sup dish，is named by sme peple as “durian(榴莲) f sup” fr its strng smell.
针对训练3.(2022·山东泰安期末)Wang is China’s secnd wman in space，after Liu Yang made histry by jining ____ Shenzhu-9 spacecraft in 2012.4.(2022·福建莆田质检)Designed and cnstructed t ______ highest ever standards fr green and sustainable husing，the three villages will be able t accmmdate 5,500 athletes and team Antarctic is ____ nly regin in the wrld that has never been hme t human civilizatin.
针对训练6.In a smetimes callus(冷漠的) wrld where peple can be s fcused n what they’re ding，a randm act f kindness can make ____ difference.7.A study shwed that an 80-year-ld Tsimané persn has ____ same cardivascular(心血管的) age as an American in his mid-50s.
注意　冠词的特殊用法还有：(1)动词＋sb. ＋介词＋the＋身体部位。(2)抽象名词具体化：某些抽象名词可以与不定冠词a 连用，常见的有pleasure，surprise，cmfrt，danger，success，failure，duty 等。
技法二　如何确定填代词语法填空考查代词，有两种考查方式，有提示词类和无提示词类，人称代词及物主代词多以有提示词的形式出现，已经在前面做了讲解。无提示词类主要考查it，对前面名词指代的代词和不定代词。
针对训练1.Hwever，the railway quickly prved t be a great success and within six mnths，mre than 25,000 peple were using ___ every bread eaten by a man is s sweet as _____ earned by his wn skimmed the pages quickly，then read ______ again mre yu’re buying tday’s paper frm the stand，culd yu get _____ fr me？
针对训练5.Hwever，____ was nt until three decades later that Zhi left the village and went t an even mre remte village schl in the is believed that there will be 2.5 billin autmbiles wrldwide by 2050.7.I culdn’t have made ____ thrugh thse times withut the supprt f my parents.
注意　(1)常用it作形式主语的句型有：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他It＋be＋adj.＋f/fr sb. ＋t d sth. It is n gd/n use/useless/a waste f time ding sth. It is a pity/a fact/n wnder/adj.＋ seems/appears/turns ut/ccurs t sb. ＋ is said/reprted/believed/...＋ takes sb. sme time/mney t d sth.
(2)常用it作形式宾语的句型有：主语＋think/believe/suppse/cnsider/make/keep/...＋it＋补语＋t d sth. /that...主语＋like/hate/lve/appreciate/...＋it＋从句(3)固定用法：when it cmes t...当谈到……as sb. puts it正如某人所言make it成功
技法三　如何确定填介词当空格后出现的是名词、代词或者动名词，且这些词不作主语、宾语或者表语时，需要考虑填介词。
针对训练1.(2021·全国甲)It was built riginally t prtect the city __________ the Tang dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred(修复).
针对训练2.(2020·浙江7月)Sme time after 10,000 BC，peple made the first real attempt t cntrl the wrld they lived ___，thrugh agriculture.
针对训练3.Mrgan says that it is time that peple stpped standing by and recrding n their phnes when they see smene ____ truble.
针对训练4.Brn in Nanchang City in 1961，Zhi applied t wrk as a teacher at the primary schl in Niyang village after graduatin，thugh her mther strngly disagreed ______ her.
针对训练5.This rute，knwn ____ the Great Ring Line，was als built by CRCC，and was the first Eurpean subway prject designed by a Chinese cmpany.
Grup 1　达标练1.A lin went all the way rund a wildlife phtgrapher’s truck.Then it gt up n the back and lked at him _________ the windw，which was ne f his happiest mments.
2.A netizen(网民) named Jleen-kun said their applicatin had been seen，which was smething t be prud ____ as they were respected by the il painting and sculpture in the West，calligraphy is as much an artistic frm ____ a spiritual anchr fr many Chinese thrughut histry.
4.Having been running fr abut anther 15 minutes，I needed t knw hw I missed ____(he).5.(2022·福建福州期末)When I studied English literature at university，I thught ___ best t build my wn library.6.(2022·河北衡水中学二调)Emplying 3D laser scanning technlgy，the researchers digitally recrd the shapes，clrs and ther fine details f the grttes and later reprduce ______ by using 3D printing technlgy.
7.These 24 slar terms were sn absrbed int The Taichu calendar，the first well dcumented calendar in _____ histry f China.8.“The pian is my best friend，” said Xing，___ high schl student at the Chengdu Special Educatin Schl.“____ brings s much pleasure int my life.”
9.Accrding t Ling，learners aged 4 t 60 kept practicing guzheng and stayed ____ cntact with her via the Internet during the three-mnth lckdwn in dwnhill，skiers g at very high speeds，and the curse is the lngest and has the largest vertical(垂直的) drp.Super-G curses have mre gates and ____ smaller vertical drp.
Grup 2　真题练1.Cbb，fr her part，started t ask cnference rganizers wh invited her t speak whether/if she culd d s remtely；abut three-quarters f ____ time，they agreed.(2022·浙江1月)2.____ friend f his，Wu Fan，vlunteered t be his cmpanin during the trip.(2022·全国甲)
3.He flew 4,700 kilmeters _______ Xi’an t Kashgar n Sept.20，planning t hike back t Xi’an in five mnths.(2022·全国甲)4.May 21st this year marks the first Internatinal Tea Day，which was named fficially ___ the United Natins n Nvember 27th,2019.(2022·全国乙)5.T celebrate ____ festival，a number f events tk place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing n Thursday.(2022·全国乙)
6.While riding his bike hme ____ a cld night，he came acrss a sad-lking elderly wman wandering the streets by herself.(2021·北京)7.In 1844 they bught it ____ $1,200 and sme land frm Charles Dresser，wh perfrmed their marriage ceremny in 1842.(2021·浙江6月)8.While yu’re in China，Munt Huangshan is ___ must t visit！(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)
9.My parents made ____ a pint fr their tw kids t spend time utside，n matter the weather r seasn.(2020·浙江改编)10.But ___ was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the mst significant，the researchers fund.(2020·江苏改编)
A(2022·福建三明质检)China’s biang biang ndles are taking the wrld by strm—yet the dish’s name desn’t 1. (fficial) exist.语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了陕西的美食——biang biang面的起源及发展。
考查副词。动词exist(存在)应用副词fficially来修饰，意为“正式地”，故填fficially。
Here in Xi’an，the capital f China’s Shaanxi Prvince and ne f the cuntry’s ldest cities，the craft f ndle-pulling is s twisted tgether with the blwing sund 2. the nise ended up inspiring this dish’s curius name：biang biang ndles.
考查固定句型。s＋adj./adv.＋that...是固定句型，表示“如此……以至于……”，故填that。
The nmatpeic(拟声的)“biang” character 3. (mean) t imitate the sund f flur mixed with water hitting a cunter.
考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，根据句意可知，此处表示“意在……”，mean t d sth. 表示“意在做某事”，但主语是人。该句中主语是物，所以应用被动语态，且句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故填is meant。
It is als 4. (cmplex) t write than any character in the Chinese language.
考查形容词比较级。由后面的than可知，此处应用形容词cmplex(复杂的)的比较级mre cmplex。
In the past centuries，Shaanxi’s biang biang ndles were n mre than 5. humble lcal dish.
考查冠词。空后的名词dish意为“菜肴”，是可数名词，且此处泛指“一道菜”，所以应用不定冠词来修饰，humble的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a，故填a。
Cmpared t ther ndle 6. (variety) frm nrth-west China，biang biang were less knwn utside f Xi’an,7._________ they were a cmfrting and belved fd amng lcals，fr whm the back stry and written character were cmmn knwledge.
6.考查名词复数。variety在此处表示“种类”，是可数名词，且由前面的ther可知，此处表示“其他的面条种类”，不止一种，应用variety的复数形式varieties。7.考查连词。空格前后的句子是转折关系，应用表示转折关系的连词but或yet，故填but/yet。
In recent years，biang biang ndles and its assciated custm have becme mre widely knwn acrss China,8. (drive) in part by scial media interest in the made-up biang character.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处是非谓语动词，用来补充说明前面这个句子，且动词drive和其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，故填driven。
Nw，the dish is passing thrugh land and sea frm its humble beginnings 9. the hearts and muths f diners the wrld ver—a breakthrugh that many peple haven’t expected 10. (be) delightful.
9.考查介词。是固定搭配，表示“从……到……”，故填t。10.考查非谓语动词。expect t d sth. 是固定搭配，表示“预计做某事”，故填t be。
BChina has frmally made an 1. (annunce) f its first five natinal parks f 230,000 square kilmeters frm Tibet t Hainan，fcusing n preservatin f its mst valuable bi-resurces.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国第一批五个国家公园的情况及意义。
考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处作宾语，表示“宣布”应用名词，不定冠词提示用单数。故填annuncement。
annuncement
Giant Panda Natinal Park will surely be 2. hit with the swells f turists wh cme yearly fr sme f the wrld’s cutest animals.
考查冠词。hit此处泛指“受欢迎的事物”，应用不定冠词，且hit的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
3. (cver) three prvinces f Sichuan，Shaanxi and Gansu，the regin is the panda’s natural habitat.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，cver在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the regin构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Cvering。
The intersectin(交汇处) f Jilin and Heilngjiang prvinces is hme t Nrtheast Chins Tiger and Lepard Natinal Park，which 4. (set) ut t prtect the habitats f thse tw species since its start.
考查时态和主谓一致。根据后文since its start可知从句用现在完成时，从句谓语与先行词Nrtheast Chins Tiger and Lepard Natinal Park保持一致，助动词用has。故填has set。
It is the unique area 5. live bth wild Siberian tigers and Siberian lepards.
考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词area，从句为倒装句，关系副词where在从句中作状语，相当于in this area。故填where。
China’s best-preserved rainfrest is in Hainan，the nly place in the wrld 6. (find) the Hainan black-crested gibbn. Hainan Trpical Rainfrest Natinal Park prtects the gibbns and 7. (they) envirnment.
6.考查非谓语动词。place前有the nly修饰，后面的定语用t d形式，为固定搭配。故填t find。7.考查代词。修饰空后名词envirnment应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
Unlike thse three，Wuyishan Natinal Park in Fujian Prvince and Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park n the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau fcus 8. (much) n preserving multiple animals than 9.___________(specific) prtecting ne species.They serve varius rare and endangered species and cnserve bidiversity.
8.考查比较级。结合后面的than可知，应用much的比较级形式。故填mre。9.考查副词。修饰空后动词应用副词作状语。故填specifically。
specifically