备考2024届高考英语一轮复习课时提能练习第一部分过透教材Unit4Breakingboundaries外研版选择性必修第二册

这是一份备考2024届高考英语一轮复习课时提能练习第一部分过透教材Unit4Breakingboundaries外研版选择性必修第二册，共8页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。

A
[中国情怀/2023江苏徐州5月考前模拟]At a restaurant in Singapre， a server is busy swerving between tables and bringing dishes t hungry custmers. Hwever， the server is nt a human but a delivery rbt develped by Shanghai-based unicrn Keenn Rbtics. The restaurant’s cute cartn-like emplyee adds a sense f warmth t help persnalize the dining experience.
In recent years， delivery rbts have been ppular in freign cuntries. Accrding t Li Tng， funder and CEO f Keenn Rbtics， sales revenue f Keenn almst dubled last year and mre than half f the cmpany’s rbts were shipped t freign markets in 2022.
Funded in 2010， Keenn Rbtics leverages its fully autnmus psitining and navigatin technlgy t ffer rbts bth at hme and abrad， including server， disinfectin， delivery and lgistics rbts.
"In the field f industrial rbts， which is knwn as ‘the crwn jewel f manufacturing’， Chinese cmpanies have already turned frm fllwers t leaders. Cre cmpnents used t rely heavily n imprts， but in recent years we have achieved breakthrughs in crucial technlgies and are quickly catching up，" Li said.
China is the wrld’s largest market fr the industrial rbt industry. Sales f industrial rbts in China reached ver 300，000 units last year， accunting fr mre than half f glbal sales. A research reprt said the wrld’s service rbtics market is prjected t grw frm $36.2 billin in 2021 t $103.3 billin by 2026 and high returns n investment is the key factr driving the service rbtics market.
With such advantages as relatively lw manufacturing csts and a sund dmestic supply and industrial chain， Chinese rbtics cmpanies are expected t further knck n the drs f rising markets glbally. Hwever， Zhang Weijing， a prfessr frm the China Eurpe Internatinal Business Schl， pinted ut that there are still prblems. They must abide by the laws and regulatins verseas and fllw varius industrial and technical standards. Therefre， they need t establish crrespnding channels and teams t facilitate rbtics prducts t enter the internatinal market.
这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在被称为"制造业皇冠上的明珠"的工业机器人领域，中国公司已经从追随者变成了领导者。凭借相对较低的制造成本和完善的国内供应链和产业链等优势，中国机器人公司有望进一步敲开全球新兴市场的大门。
1.What des the underlined wrd "leverages" in paragraph 3 mean？
A. Applies.B. Imprts.
C. Changes.D. Evaluates.
解析 A 词义猜测题。由"its fully autnmus psitining and navigatin technlgy t ffer rbts bth at hme and abrad， including server， disinfectin， delivery and lgistics rbts"可知，下文说的是其全自主的定位和导航技术的具体应用。由此可知，画线词的含义应为"应用"，故选A项。
2.What cntributes t the arising f the Chinese service rbts verseas？
A. Lwered prices.
B. Enhanced purchasing pwer.
C. Mastering cre technlgies.
D. Enugh human resurces.
解析 C 细节理解题。由第四段中的"In the field f industrial rbts， which is knwn as ‘the crwn jewel f manufacturing’， Chinese cmpanies have already turned frm fllwers t leaders. Cre cmpnents used t rely heavily n imprts， but in recent years we have achieved breakthrughs in crucial technlgies and are quickly catching up"可知，为中国的服务机器人在海外的崛起做贡献的是关键技术上取得的突破，故选C项。
3.What des Prfessr Zhang Weijing emphasize？
A. The advantages f Chinese rbtics cmpanies.
B. The glden pprtunity t expand rbt exprt.
C. Cmparisns f dmestic and verseas markets.
D. A few challenges Chinese rbtics firms face.
解析 D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Hwever， Zhang Weijing， a prfessr frm the China Eurpe Internatinal Business Schl， pinted ut that there are still prblems"可推知，张教授认为中国机器人公司面临挑战，故选D项。
4.Which f the fllwing culd be the best title fr the passage？
A. Bsting f verseas market
B. Ppularity f delivery rbts
C. Crwn jewel f manufacturing
D. Rising f Chinese industrial rbts
解析 D 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国工业机器人的崛起，故选D项。
B
[2024湖北名校第一次联合测评]Desperately ill and seeking a miracle， David Bennett Sr. tk the last bet n Jan. 7 when he became the first human t be successfully transplanted with the heart f a pig."It creates the beat； it creates the pressure； it is his heart，" declared Bartley Griffith， directr f the surgical team that perfrmed the peratin at the University f Maryland Medical Center.
Bennett， then 57， held n thrugh 60 tmrrws， far lnger than any previus patient wh’d received a heart frm anther species. His remarkable run ffered new hpe that such prcedures， knwn as xentransplantatin （异种器官移植）， culd help relieve the shrtage f replacement rgans， saving thusands f lives each year.
The earliest attempts at xentransplantatin f rgans， invlving kidneys frm rabbits， gats， and ther animals， ccurred in the early 20th century， decades befre the first successful human-t-human transplants. Rejectin， which ccurs when the recipient’s bdy system recgnizes the dnr rgan as a freign bject and attacks it， fllwed within hurs r days. Results imprved after sme special drugs arrived in the 1960s， but mst recipients still died after a few weeks. The recrd fr a heart xentransplant was set in 1983， when an infant named Baby Fae survived fr 20 days with an rgan frm a babn （狒狒）.
In recent years， hwever， advances in gene editing have pened a new pssibility： re-edit sme genes in animals t prvide user-friendly spare parts. Pigs culd be ideal fr this purpse， because they’re easy t raise and reach adult human size in mnths. Sme bitech cmpanies， including Revivicr， are investing heavily in the field. The dnr pig was ffered by Revivicr frm a line f animals in which 10 genes had been re-edited t imprve the heart’s cnditin. Beynd that， the pig was raised in islatin and tested regularly fr viruses that culd infect humans r damage the rgan itself.
This medical breakthrugh prvided an alternative fr the 20％ f patients n the heart transplant waiting list wh die while waiting r becme t sick t be a gd candidate.
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了第一个成功移植猪心脏的人，他坚持了60天，比以往任何接受过其他物种心脏移植的病人都要长得多。他的出色表现给人们带来了新的希望，即这种被称为异种移植的手术可以帮助缓解替代器官的短缺，每年挽救数千人的生命。这一医学突破为心脏移植等待名单上20％的患者提供了另一种选择。
1.What des the underlined wrd "run" in paragraph 2 refer t？
A. Dnating his heart t a patient.
B. Perfrming the heart peratin.
C. Living fr 60 days after the peratin.
D. Receiving a new heart frm a pig.
解析 C 词语指代题。由第二段"Bennett， then 57， held n thrugh 60 tmrrws， far lnger than any previus patient wh’d received a heart frm anther species. His remarkable run ... saving thusands f lives each year"可知，His remarkable run指的是上文提到的"当时57岁的Bennett坚持了60天"，即接受猪心脏移植手术后活了60天，故选C。
2.Which aspect f xentransplantatin des paragraph 3 mainly fcus n？
A. Its histry.B. Its prcedure.
C. Its cnsequence.D. Its significance.
解析 A 段落大意题。通读第三段可知，第三段主要介绍了异种器官移植的历史，故选A。
3.What makes pigs ideal fr prviding spare parts in xentransplantatin？
A. Their grwth rate and health cnditin.
B. Their life pattern and resistance t viruses.
C. Their easiness f keeping and rapid grwth.
D. Their investment value and natural qualities.
解析 C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Pigs culd be ideal fr this purpse， because they’re easy t raise and reach adult human size in mnths."可知，猪易养且生长速度快，是异种器官移植的理想供体，故选C。
4.Why was Bennett’s peratin regarded as a breakthrugh？
A. It intrduced new medicatins t prevent rgan rejectin.
B. It prved the ptential fr using rgans frm varius animals.
C. It guaranteed a sufficient supply f dnr pigs fr transplants.
D. It ffered a prspect f replacement rgans thrugh gene editing.
解析 D 推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的"In recent years， hwever， advances in gene editing have pened a new pssibility： re-edit sme genes in animals t prvide user-friendly spare parts."及最后一段"This medical breakthrugh prvided an alternative fr the 20％ f patients n the heart transplant waiting list wh die while waiting r becme t sick t be a gd candidate"可推知，Bennett的手术被认为是一个突破，因为它提供了通过基因编辑替代器官的前景，故选D。
二、完形填空
[奋斗精神/2024重庆巴蜀中学高考适应性考试]Shawn Cheshire rde acrss the cuntry n her bicycle， depending n Jesse Crandall， a chemistry prfessr， t guide her every step f the way. Cheshire lst her 1 after an accident years ag and turned t 2 because she believed sprts and physical challenges gave her "anther pprtunity f 3 ". Thrugh a friendship with Crandall， she has 4 bicycling t her activities， traveling acrss the cuntry， meeting and inspiring peple all alng the way.
T Crandall， teaching and guiding are abut helping thers thrugh 5 ."Fr many students， chemistry is smething they have n experience with，" Crandall said."S， when I’m teaching， it helps t think abut my experiences 6 my blind friend Cheshire. Then I try talking abut the lessn in a language that， 7 ， everybdy can understand."
Crandall and Cheshire have been skiing， climbing and bicycling tgether fr the past decade. In 2018， the 8 faced the steep terrain f the Grand Canyn， cmpleting a 9 hiking in just ver 24 hurs. As they walked 42 miles thrugh the night， Cheshire 10 warnings f dangers frm Crandall， as well as the nise f the bell he wre， which 11 as they advanced. In 2021， Cheshire 12 anther wrld recrd by riding her wn bicycle frm the Pacific Ocean t the Atlantic Ocean.
While their next adventure remains uncertain， Crandall knws that there are n 13 with Cheshire. They have discussed skiing acrss Antarctica as a ptential future endeavr. Their 14 and shared determinatin will cntinue t mtivate thers t vercme setbacks and 15 bundaries.
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Shawn Cheshire失明后在化学教授的指导和陪同下一起滑雪、登山和骑自行车，突破自身极限的励志故事。
1.A. hearingB. sight
C. balanceD. mind
解析 B 由第6空后的"my blind friend Cheshire"可知，她是失明了，lse ne’s sight意为"失明"，故选B。
2.A. religinB. nature
C. athleticsD. art
解析 C 由"sprts and physical challenges"可知，她在失明后开始进行体育活动，故选C。
3.A. livingB. winning
C. learningD. testing
解析 A 由"traveling acrss the cuntry， meeting and inspiring peple all alng the way"可知，她觉得运动可以给她另一种生活的机会，故选A。
4.A. intrducedB. adapted
C. addedD. applied
解析 C 由"t her activities" 和下文中的"bicycling tgether"可知，她开始骑行，也就是把骑自行车加入到她的活动中，意为"把……加入到……中"，故选C。
5.A. disastersB. bstacles
C. delaysD. injuries
解析 B 对Crandall来说，教学和指导与帮助他人克服障碍有关。disaster灾难，bstacle障碍，delay推迟，injury伤。B项切题。
6.A. interviewingB. evaluating
C. fllwingD. caching
解析 D 由第一段中的"depending n Jesse Crandall， a chemistry prfessr， t guide her every step f the way"可知，Crandall指导盲人朋友Cheshire，故选D。interview采访；evaluate评价；fllw跟随；cach训练，指导。
7.A. thereticallyB. unexpectedly
C. ccasinallyD. hpefully
解析 D 句意：然后我试着用一种每个人都有望理解的语言来讲述这堂课。theretically理论上，unexpectedly出乎意料地，ccasinally偶尔，hpefully有希望地。故选D。
8.A. pairB. family
C. cmmunityD. army
解析 A 句意：2018年，两人面对科罗拉多大峡谷陡峭的地形，在24小时内完成了一次具有挑战性的徒步旅行。Crandall和Cheshire是两个人，故选A。
9.A. refreshingB. relaxing
C. challengingD. tragic
解析 C 由"the steep terrain f the Grand Canyn"可知，大峡谷地形陡峭，所以这是一次有挑战性的徒步旅行，故选C。refreshing使人振奋的，relaxing令人放松的，challenging具有挑战性的，tragic悲惨的。
10.A. cared abutB. listened fr
C. prepared frD. respnded t
解析 B 句意：他们在夜间走了42英里，Cheshire一边听着Crandall发出的危险警告，一边听着他戴的铃铛发出的声音，铃铛随着他们的前进作响。care abut关心，listen fr倾听，prepare fr为……做准备，respnd t回答。故选B。
11.A. brkeB. fell
C. shneD. sunded
解析 D 参见上题解析。sund发出声音。
12.A. setB. mnitred
C. fundedD. issued
解析 A 由"by riding her wn bicycle frm the Pacific Ocean t the Atlantic Ocean"可知，Cheshire自己骑自行车从太平洋到大西洋，这是一项世界纪录，所以她是创下了这项纪录，set a recrd意为"创造纪录"，故选A。
13.A. secretsB. prmises
C. limitsD. chices
解析 C 由上文"Cheshire 12 anther wrld recrd by riding her wn bicycle frm the Pacific Ocean t the Atlantic Ocean"可知，Cheshire虽然失明，但是却能创造这样的纪录，所以Crandall觉得Cheshire的能力是没有极限的，故选C。
14.A. bndB. encuragement
C. techniquesD. preferences
解析 14.A 由第一段中的"Shawn Cheshire rde acrss the cuntry n her bicycle， depending n Jesse Crandall， a chemistry prfessr， t guide her every step f the way"可知，Shawn Cheshire由化学教授Jesse Crandall指导，骑着自行车横穿全国，所以他们两个的关系是很紧密的，此处表示"他们的关系"，故选A。bnd关系，encuragement鼓励，technique技巧，preference偏爱。
15.A. establishB. push
C. respectD. maintain
解析 15.B 由"vercme setbacks"和"bundaries"可知，此处表示克服挫折，突破界限，push bundaries意为"突破界限"，故选B。
三、语法填空
[中华文化/2024浙江强基联盟10月统测]Ancient Chinese healing methds 1 （spread） alng the Silk Rad fr ver tw millennia， but the Belt and Rad Initiative （BRI） has further bsted the internatinalizatin f the traditinal Chinese medicine （TCM）.
Currently celebrating its 10th anniversary， the BRI，2 aims are t better cnnect the wrld and expand cmmn prsperity， has brught the healing pwers f TCM 3 mre cuntries and regins， bridging different cultures and prmting internatinal cperatin.
In Budapest， the Traditinal Chinese Medicine Center f Hungary （Qihuang Center） prvides4 ray f hpe fr patients seeking relief frm varius health issues. One such patient is Jzsef Freny， a 78-year-ld 5 （retire） teacher wh suffers frm hearing impairment due t an inflammatin （发炎） f the middle ear five years ag. Since then， he had t use a hearing aid — until he visited the Qihuang Center mnths ag when a "miracle" 6 （ccur）.
After7 （give） mre than 10 acupuncture treatments by TCM expert Zhang Haifang， frm nrthwest China’s Gansu Prvince， Jzsef’s hearing imprved 8 （significant）. He n lnger needs the hearing aid.
The center has als helped Jzsef’s sn， Csaba Freny， wh has been struggling with besity-related health9 （issue）. A cmbinatin f acupuncture and herbal medicine treatments helped him lse nine kilgrams within a mnth，10 （ease） his back and knee pains.
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国古代的治疗方法已经沿着丝绸之路传播了两千多年，但"一带一路"倡议进一步推动了中医药的国际化。
1.havespread/havebeenspreading 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，空处所填词作谓语。由时间状语fr ver tw millennia可知，此处应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时来强调动作从古至今的延续；主语Ancient Chinese healing methds与spread为主谓关系，故填have spread/have been spreading。
2.whse 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处所填词引导非限制性定语从句，aims与先行词the BRI之间是所属关系，空处应用关系代词whse。
3.t 考查介词。意为"把……带到……"，为固定用法。
4.a 考查冠词。固定短语a ray f hpe表示"一线希望"。
5.retired 考查形容词。空后的teacher为名词，此处用形容词retired"退休的"作定语修饰该名词。
6.ccurred 考查时态和语态。分析句子可知，此处表示过去的一般情况，句子使用一般过去时，且主语miracle与ccur为主谓关系，故填ccurred。
7.beinggiven 考查非谓语动词。由空前的After可知，空处应填动名词，give和Jzsef为被动关系，故填being given。
8.significantly 考查副词。副词significantly作状语修饰动词imprved。
9.issues 考查名词的数。issue（问题）为可数名词。结合语境可知，此处表示复数意义，故填issues。
10.easing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语。此处表示自然而然的结果和主动关系，故用现在分词的一般主动式。