吉林省普通高中联考2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份吉林省普通高中联考2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷(含答案)，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，单词拼写，首字母填空，完成句子，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。


一、阅读理解
Remembering names is an imprtant scial skill. Here are sme ways t master it.
Recite and repeat in cnversatin.
When yu hear a persn’s name, repeat it. Immediately say it t yurself several times withut mving yur lips. Yu culd als repeat the name in a way that des nt sund frced r artificial.
Ask the ther persn t recite and repeat.
Yu can let ther peple help yu remember their names. After yu’ve been intrduced t smene, ask that persn t spell the name and prnunce it crrectly fr yu. Mst peple will be pleased by the effrt yu’re making t learn their names.
Admit yu dn’t knw.
Admitting that yu can’t remember smene’s name can actually make peple relaxed. Mst f them will feel sympathy if yu say, “I’m wrking t remember names better. Yurs is right n the tip f my tngue. What is it again?”
Use assciatins.
Link each persn yn meet with ne thing yu find interesting r unusual. Fr example, yu culd make a mental nte: “Vicki Cheng — tall, black hair.” T reinfrce (加强) yur assciatins, write them n a small card as sn as pssible.
Limit the number f new names yu learn at ne time.
When meeting a grup f peple, cncentrate n remembering just tw r three names. Free yurself frm remembering every ne. Few f the peple in mass intrductins expect yu t remember their names. Anther way is t limit yurself t learning just first names. Last names can cme later.
G early.
Cnsider ging early t cnferences, parties and classes. Smetimes just a few peple shw up n time. That’s fewer names fr yu t remember. And as mre peple arrive, yu can hear them being intrduced t thers — an autmatic review fr yu.
1．Hw will mst peple feel when yu try hard t remember their names?
A. They will be mved.B. They will be annyed.
C. They will be delighted.D. They will be discuraged.
2．T reinfrce the assciatin yu made between the persn and smething interesting, yu may .
A. write them dwnB. say it t yurself several times
C. g early t partiesD. spell and prnunce the name crrectly
3．What des the text mainly tell us?
A. Tips n an imprtant scial skill.B. Imprtance f attending parties.
C. Hw t make use f assciatins.D. Hw t recite and repeat names.
Culture shck is a brad term fr a series f persnal difficulties that peple g thrugh in new places ant is usually mst extreme fr thse wh can nt speak the language f the place they have mved t r fr thse wh aren’t familiar with the scial rules. Bth f these things applied t me in China when I mved there in 2011. S, naturally I went thrugh the full well-knwn stages f culture shck: the hneymn, frustratin, adjustment and acceptance.
When I arrived I was excited and ptimistic but I quickly became annyed by cultural differences, missing hw things wrked back hme.
By the end f my first year I had ttally lst my self cnfidence and I became a bit clumsy and sensitive persn and I thught it was China that made me that way.
Then in my secnd year I started t pick up sme language skills and I fund fun activities t d in my spare time. I made great freign and Chinese friends and later I develped an interest in Chinese histry and culture. Based n the abve I learned t cnsider myself a cnfident and happy freigner.
Tday I’m back in the US where I’m pursuing a PhD at university in my hmetwn. It’s been a little tugh t readjust t the life in my hme cuntry. I suffered at first frm reverse culture shck, experiencing the fur stages in the ppsite rder.
I’d cmplain ludly abut the little things like I culd n lnger shut “ fu wu yuan” t get a waiter’s attentin in a restaurant. But eventually I came t realize that my hme had becme an entirely new place when I was away. That, by itself ,was exciting.
4．Which stage f culture shck des paragraph 3 mainly describe?
A. The hneymn.B. Frustratin . C. Adjustment.D. Acceptance.
5．Which least help the authr ease his culture shck in China ?
A. Making lcal friends. B. Jining in fun activities.
C. Attending histry curses.D. Learning the Chinese language.
6．What des the underlined wrd “reverse” mean?
A. exchanging the psitin cmpletely.
B. changing the previus decisin.
C. stpping having a particular psitin.
D. changing the rder f smething arund.
7．What can we learn abut the authr accrding t the last paragraph?
A. He began t feel that life in the US was bring.
B. He wished t call “fu wu yuan” in a restaurant.
C. He was unable t accept American life.
D. He needed t adjust himself t his native life.
Macinley Bustn was just sixteen years ld when she first had the idea t try and prtect wmen frm a mdern necessary radiatin during breast cancer treatments and nw her inventin culd be a game changer in the medical field.
Bustn whse father wrks in medical physics has always been interested in science but she nly began researching the harmful side effects f radiatin treatments after her father discussed his experience with ineffective cancer treatments in his wrk. Since Bustn had als recently lst a relative t breast cancer, she felt inspired t cnduct her wn research n the subjects. She tried t begin her medical research by cnsulting scientific jurnals but she fund their academic terms almst impssible t understand.
She then turned t the Internet t find vides that taught hw t read scientific jurnals as she went deeper in her research she stumbled upn a key bit f infrmatin: Cpper(铜) has been shwn t be effective at prtecting skin frm radiatin. An idea hit this Australian teen as she was viewing the film n medieval wars in her tenth grade histry class. When she saw the scaled patterns f the mail(盔甲), she was inspired t create a wearable prtective tl ut f cpper. She then headed back nline and watched the vides n hw t put tgether tiny scales. She made her wn flexible scale mail, which she nw calls SMART: Scale Mail Fr Radiatin Therapy.
When her inventin was tested in a labratry setting it reduced a surface expsure t unnecessary radiatin by seventy five per cent and nw Bustn is wrking n getting her SMART int clinical settings fr use.
8．Why did Macinley Bustn start her research?
A. T assist her father with his wrk.
B. T save her relative frm cancer.
C. T publish sme articles in jurneys.
D. T prtect patients in cancer treatment.
9．What des the underlined phrase “stumbled upn” in paragraph three prbably mean?
A. came acrssB. missedC. passed nD. required
10．Where Macinley Bustn get inspiratin fr her inventin?
A. Vides nline.B. Scientific jurnals.
C. Histry textbks.D. Sldiers’ defensive clthes.
11．Which f the fllwing best describes Macinley Bustn ?
A. Stubbrn.B. Creative. C. Selfless.D. Cnsiderate.
Questins 32-40 are based n Reading Passage D belw.
Giving yur brain a wrkut
Mental agility des nt have t decline with age, as lng as yu keep exercising yur mind, says Anna van Praagh.
A. Use yur brain and it will grw — it really will. This is the message frm neurpsychlgist Ian Rbertsn, prfessr f psychlgy at Trinity Cllege, Dublin and funding directr f the university's Institute f Neurscience. His bk, Puzzler Brain Trainer 90-Day Wrkut, cntains puzzles which he devised t stretch, sharpen and stimulate the brain. The puzzles, frm ‘memry jgs’ t Sudku t crsswrds t number games are all-encmpassing, and have been specially frmulated t imprve each and every part f the brain, frm visual-spatial ability t perceptin, attentin, memry, numerical agility, prblem-slving and language.
B. Prfessr Rbertsn has been studying the brain fr 57 years, in a career dedicated t changing and imprving the way it wrks. During this time there has been a remarkable paradigm shift in the way scientists view the brain, he says. “When I first started teaching and researching, a very pessimistic view prevailed that, frm the age f three r fur, we were cntinually lsing brain cells and that the stcks culdn't be replenished. That has turned ut t be factually wrng. Nw that we knw that the brain is “plastic” — it changes, adapts and is physically sharpened accrding t the experiences it has.”
C. Rbertsn likens ur minds t trees in a park with branches spreading ut, cnnecting and intertwining, with cnnectins increasing in direct crrelatin t usage. He says that the ‘eureka’ mment in his career — and the reasn he devised his ‘brain trainer’ puzzles — was the realisatin that the cnnectins multiply with use and s it is pssible t bst and imprve ur mental functins at any age.Nw we knw that it's nt just children whse brains are “plastic”,he says. ‘N matter hw ld we are, ur brains are physically changed by what we d and what we think.’
D. Rbertsn illustrates his pint by referring t Dr Eleanr McGuire's seminal 2000 study f the brains f Lndn taxi drivers. That shwed that their grey matter enlarges and adapts t help them build up a detailed mental map f the city. Brain scans revealed that the drivers had a much larger hippcampus (the part f the brain assciated with navigatin in birds and animals) cmpared with ther peple. Crucially, it grew larger the lnger they spent ding their jb. Similarly, there is strng statistical evidence that, by stretching the mind with games and puzzles, brainpwer is increased. Cnversely, if we d nt stimulate ur minds and keep the cnnectins rbust and intact, these cnnectins will weaken and physically diminish. A mre recent survey suggested that a 20-minute prblem-slving sessin n the Nintend DS game called ‘Dr Kawashima's Brain Training’ at the beginning f each day dramatically imprved pupils' test results, class attendance and behaviur. Astnishingly, pupils wh used the Nintend trainer saw their test scres rise by 50 per cent mre than thse wh did nt.
E. Rbertsn's puzzles have been designed t have the same effect n the brain, the nly difference being that, fr his, yu need nly a pencil t get started. The idea is t shake the brain ut f lazy habits and train it t start functining at its ptimum level. It is Rbertsn's belief that peple wh tackle the puzzles will see a dramatic imprvement in their daily lives as the brain increases its ability acrss a brad spectrum. They shuld see an imprvement in everything, frm remembering peple's names at parties t increased attentin span, mental agility, creativity and energy.
F. ‘Many f us are terrified f numbers,’ he says, ‘r under-cnfident with wrds. With practice, and by gently increasing the difficulty f the exercises, these puzzles will help peple imprve capacity acrss a whle range f mental dmains.’ The wnderful thing is that the puzzles take just five minutes, but are the mental equivalent f ding a jg r ging t the gym. ‘In the same way that physical exercise is gd fr yu, s is keeping yur brain stimulated,’ Rbertsn says.‘Quite simply, thse wh keep themselves mentally challenged functin significantly better mentally than thse wh d nt.’
G. he puzzles are aimed at all ages. Rbertsn says that sme ld peple are s stimulated that they hardly need t exercise their brains further, while sme yung peple hardly use theirs at all and are therefre in dire need f a wrkut. He des cncede, hwever, that whereas mst yung peple are cnstantly frced t learn, there is a tendency in later life t retreat int a cmfrt zne where it is easier t avid ding things that are mentally challenging. He cmpares this with becming physically inactive, and warns f cmparable repercussins.‘As the ppulatin ages, peple are ging t have t stay mentally active lnger,’ he cunsels. ‘We must learn t exercise ur brains just as much as ur bdies. Peple need t be aware that they have the mst cmplex entity knwn t man between their ears,’he cntinues, ‘and the key t allw it t grw and be healthy is simply t keep it stimulated.’
12．Which TWO f the fllwing are claims that Rbersn makes abut the puzzles in his bk?
A. They will imprve every mental skill.
B. They are better than ther kinds f mental exercise.
C. They will have a majr effect n peple’s mental abilities.
D. They are mre useful than physical exercise.
E. They are certain t be mre useful fr lder peple than fr the yung.
13．Questins 33-38
Chse NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS frm the passage fr each answer.
Write yur answers in bxes 33-38 n yur answer sheet.
Evidence supprting Rbertsn’s thery
The research was carried ut using ① in Lndn as subjects. It shwed that their brains change, enabling them t create a ② f Lndn. Tests shwed that their ③
increased in size as they cntinued in their jb. There is als evidence f a ④ kind. Students playing a certain game invlving ⑤ fr a perid f time every day achieved significantly higher attendance, better examinatin results and ⑥ .
14．Questins 39-40
Reading passage D has seven paragraphs, A-G.Which paragraph cntains the fllwing infrmatin? Chse the crrect letter, A-G n yur answer sheet.
①a reasn why sme peple dn’t exercise their minds.
②examples f things that peple cmmnly feel they are nt very gd at.
二、七选五
15．Hw t Feel Cnnected
It’s easy t feel discnnected frm what is ging n arund yu in tday’s fast­paced wrld.
①_______ Hwever, by fllwing the tips belw yu can get in tuch and feel cnnected.
Cnsider why yu feel discnnected. Knwing what is making yu feel discnnected can help yu chse the best ways t address it. ②_________ Ask yurself these questins: Are yu keeping yurself ccupied with wrk t much? D yu rely n electrnic cmmunicatin instead f face t face cmmunicatin? D yu lack friendships that are satisfying?
Interact with peple in persn. Technlgy is a great way t stay in tuch, but smetimes yu need t spend time with ther peple in persn. ③_________ Yu can als take steps t feel mre cnnected by making small­talk with strangers wh are sharing parts f yur day.
④_________ Yur lved nes culd feel shy, s yu may never knw hw t imprve yur relatinship unless yu ask the right questins. Asking them t pen the drs can give yu sme insight n what yu can d. Learning this infrmatin can help t strengthen yur bnd.
Shw yur cmmitment t them. Simply shwing up and being there fr yur lved nes says a lt abut hw much yu value yur relatinships. Putting in the time shws them that yu are cmmitted and want t stay cnnected. ⑤_________
Shw appreciatin. A simple “thank yu” ges a very lng way. Unfrtunately, it is smething that peple wh are clse ften take fr granted. Telling smene yu appreciate their time, lve, and effrts can strengthen yur bnd and help yu t becme mre cnnected.
A. Ask thers what they need frm yu.
B. Smetimes yu can feel islated and distant frm the nes yu lve.
C. Be brave t express yur lve.
D. Reach ut t peple t schedule a time t get tgether.
E. Attending family events, r simply visiting smene nce a week can help t strengthen yur relatinship and keep it strng.
F. Targeting yur effrts tward thse issues allws yu t clse that distance mre effectively.
G. Yu can have a gift delivered t friends n special ccasins.
三、完形填空（15空）
Fr mst f my life I had lived in the black and Latin cmmunity. Neither f my parents had graduated frm middle schl and I was the first in my family t ever enter a cllege campus. By cntrast, mst f my 1 came frm generatins f well educated family and had grwn up in 2 white suburbs. In the cllege, 3 sharing with thers hw I was feeling, I clsed myself and thught I culd get thrugh it if I just 4 study. Hwever, during the weeks befre the winter break, I finally decided I wuld drp ut. 5 , that wasn’t the end f the stry. I fund 6 and guidance t cntinue t finish my cllege.
Cnsulting prvided me with space t 7 my emtins. My cnsultant prvided me with bks and ther 8 t understand what I was experiencing and she helped me feel pwerful. Vlunteering with a campus rganizatin prvided me with a cnstant 9 f why I was in cllege. My interactins with students, wh reminded me s much f my wn friends at hme, inspired me t wrk fr 10 t higher educatin fr lw incme yuth. I als 11 in a summer urban prgram, where I cperated with a grup f student leaders t start a cnference t talk abut 12 f race and class.
13 is pwer. I read bks and chse curses t learn mre abut tpics 14 t immigratin, race, scial class and urban educatin. These curses and bks helped me 15 a much deeper understanding f my wn racial experiences f ppressin. Mst imprtantly, I was equipped with the knwledge I needed t wrk against injustice and inequality.
16．A. teachersB. classmatesC. clleaguesD. neighbrs
17．A. cmplexB. remteC. richD. rdinary
18．A. Instead fB. Regardless fC. Ahead fD. Apart frm
19．A. relied nB. fcused nC. gave upD. tk up
20．A. UnusuallyB. PsitivelyC. InstantlyD. Frtunately
21．A. curisityB. cmfrtC. strengthD. intentin
22．A. adjustB. expressC. cntrlD. relieve
23．A. trainingB. mtivatinC. creditsD. resurces
24．A. ambitinB. reminderC. memryD. practice
25．A. apprachesB. guidesC. subscriptinD. access
26．A. enteredB. absrbedC. attendedD. participated
27．A. suggestinsB. messagesC. issuesD. examples
28．A. CnfidenceB. KnwledgeC. BraveryD. Cnstructin
29．A. expsedB. appliedC. intrducedD. related
30．A. gainB. linkC. shwD. experience
四、短文填空
31．Perhaps n ther scientist has had a greater impact①_________ China’s aerspace science than Qian Xuesen. ②_________ by the authrs f the Stry f Qian Xuesen as a man with “great scientific thught and scientific spirit” wh was③_________ and served his hmeland with effrt, achievement, and④_________, Qian was an⑤_________ well-respected man.
32．Finally, studying abrad prvides a great pprtunity t cntribute t the develpment f ur mtherland. China’s glbal①_________, with prjects such as the Belt and Rad Initiative, has②_________us make cnnectins acrss the wrld. ③_________, China needs mre talented yung peple with a glbal perspective wh are highly④_________ with languages, have leadership and rganisatinal skills, and have strng cultural awareness. Students⑤_________ study abrad will develp such skills and abilities, and these in turn will prvide them with better career pprtunities.
五、单词拼写
33．Her parents (回想) that she always came hme late n Wednesdays. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
34．He likes t (从事) in utdr activities such as hiking and camping. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
35．China was ne f the fur (文明的) ancient cuntries. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
36．We have n a but t spare n effrt t prtect ceans frm being plluted. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
37．He can’t face the cruel reality bravely and he always (责备) thers fr anything unfrtunate. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
38．They put frward (相互矛盾的) theries, s I dn’t knw which ne I shuld believe in. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
六、首字母填空
39．I didn’t want t get i in the cnflicts between them. （根据首字母提示单词拼写）
40．Susan’s dream was put int reality and tears f happiness p dwn her cheeks. （根据首字母提示单词拼写）
41．79. The yung mechanic had v memries f his happy childhd. （根据首字母提示单词拼写）
42．Owing t the serius envirnmental pllutin, raw materials are d sharply in numbers every year. （根据首字母提示单词拼写）
七、完成句子
43．问题是我们应该如何执行这个计划。
The questin is hw we shuld the plan.
44．这有一些规则你可以使用，来确保你最有效使用这个系统。
There are a few rules that yu can use t ensure that yu can get ut f the system.
45．出国留学要花一大笔钱，因为国外的物价很昂贵。
Studying abrad will cst and a leg, because everything abrad is very expensive.
46．不可否认肺部疾病和吸烟有关，所以你做好把烟戒了。
There is that lung disease is linked t smking, s yu’d better quit smking.
47．当我具有从医资格时，我既非常兴奋又有点紧张。
When I t practice medicine, I am quite excited but a bit nervus.
48．一方面，我不知道如何在外国适应一种全新的生活。
On the ne hand, I dn’t knw hw t the cmpletely new life in a freign cuntry.
49．我会尽我所能去实现我的梦想。
I will d I t achieve my dream.
50．我们不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。
We dn’t have t envirnmental prtectin ecnmic grwth.
51．没有你的帮助，我就不能一次性解决这个问题。
Withut yur assistance, I culdn’t have slved this prblem nce and .
52．让这个孩子最担心的是，他没有被允许去看望在医院里的妈妈。
the child mst was his nt being allwed t visit his mther in the hspital.
八、书面表达
53．假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Bella发电子邮件向你询问来中国留学情况。请你根据以下要点给她回复。
1. 欢迎其到中国留学；
2. 来中国留学的益处。
Dear Bella,
I am thrilled t learn that yu are interested in studying in China.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely
Li Hua
参考答案
1．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据Ask the ther persn t recite and repeat.标题下“Mst peple will be pleased by the effrt yu’re making t learn their names.”（大多数人会因为你努力记住他们的名字而感到高兴。）可知，当你努力记住他们的名字时，大部分人会感到高兴。故选C。
2．答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据Use assciatins标题下“Link each persn yn meet with ne thing yu find interesting r unusual. Fr example, yu culd make a mental nte: “Vicki Cheng — tall, black hair.” T reinfrce (加强) yur assciatins, write them n a small card as sn as pssible.”（把你遇到的每个人都和你觉得有趣或不寻常的事情联系起来。例如，你可以在心里记着:“程薇，高个子，黑头发。”为了加强你的联想，尽快把它们写在一张小卡片上。）可知，为了加强你在这个人和有趣的事情之间所建立的联系，你可以将它们写下来。故选A。
3．答案： A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“Remembering names is an imprtant scial skill. Here are sme ways t master it.”（记住别人的名字是一项重要的社交技能，这里有一些方法来掌握它。）和全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一些关于如何记住别人名字这项重要社交技能的方法。故选A。
4．答案： B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“By the end f my first year I had ttally lst my self cnfidence and I became a bit clumsy and sensitive persn and I thught it was China that made me that way. (到第一年结束时，我完全失去了自信，我变得有点笨拙和敏感，我认为是中国让我变成这样的。)”可以推论出，此处作者主要描述了文化冲击的“沮丧期”阶段。故选B项。
5．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。文章第四段中提到“Then in my secnd year I started t pick up sme language skills and I fund fun activities t d in my spare time. I made great freign and Chinese friends and later I develped an interest in Chinese histry and culture. Based n the abve I learned t cnsider myself a cnfident and happy freigner. (然后在我的第二年，我开始学习一些语言技能，我发现有趣的活动在我的业余时间做。我交了很多外国和中国的朋友，后来我对中国的历史和文化产生了兴趣。基于以上，我学会了认为自己是一个自信和快乐的外国人。)”可知，学习汉语、结交当地的朋友、参加有趣的活动，能帮助作者缓解他在中国的文化冲击，让他渐渐对中国历史和文化产生兴趣。文章中没有提到参加历史课程的学习。由此可知，学习历史课程对缓解文化冲击没有什么帮助。故选C项。
6．答案： D
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线单词后面的部分“experiencing the fur stages in the ppsite rder (以相反的顺序经历这四个阶段)”可知，在美国，作者又经历了“反向”文化冲击，所以划线单词reverse的意义为“反向的”。故选D项。
7．答案： D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“But eventually I came t realize that my hme had becme an entirely new place when I was away .(但最终我意识到，当我不在的时候，我的家已经变成了一个全新的地方。)”可以推论出，作者需要调整自己以适应家乡的生活。故选D项。
8．答案： D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But she nly began researching the harmful side effects f radiatin treatment after her father discussed his experience with ineffective cancer treatments in his wrk.”可知，但在她的父亲讲述了自己在工作中治疗癌症无效的经历后，她开始研究放射治疗的有害副作用。因此判断出Macinley Butsn开始她的研究的原因是寻找治疗癌症的有效方法。故选D。
9．答案： A
解析：词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“She then turned t the internet t find vides that taught hw t read scientific jurnals. An idea hit this Australian teen as she was viewing a film n medieval wars in her 10th grade histry class. When she saw the scaled （鳞片） patterns f the mail, she was inspired t create a wearable prtective tl ut f cpper.”可知，她到网上找到可教如何阅读科学期刊的视频。这位澳大利亚青少年在10年级历史课上观看一部有关中世纪战争的电影时，心中产生了一个念头。当她看到盔甲的鳞片图案时，她受到启发，用铜制成了一种可穿戴的防护工具。因此划线句子的意思是“随着研究的深入，她偶然发现了一些关键信息：铜被证明可以有效保护皮肤免受辐射。”由此可知，划线短语的意思是“偶然发现”。故选A。
10．答案： D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“An idea hit this Australian teen as she was viewing a film n medieval wars in her 10th grade histry class. When she saw the scaled （鳞片） patterns f the mail （盔甲），she was inspired t create a wearable prtective tl ut f cpper.”可知，这位澳大利亚青少年在10年级历史课上观看一部有关中世纪战争的电影时，心中产生了一个念头。当她看到盔甲的鳞片图案时，她受到启发，用铜制成了一种可穿戴的防护工具。因此Macinley Bustn的发明灵感来自士兵的防护铠甲。故选D。
11．答案： B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“When she saw the scaled （鳞片） patterns f the mail （盔甲）,she was inspired t create a wearable prtective tl ut f cpper.可知，文章讲述了当时只有16岁的Macinley Butsn用铜制成了一种可穿戴的防护工具，使癌症患者在接受检查时能够减少受到不必要的辐射。现在Butsn正在努力将她的发明投入到临床使用。因此B项（有创造力的）最能描述Macinley Bustn。故选B。
12．答案： AC
解析：细节理解题。根据文中“His bk, Puzzler Brain Trainer 90-Day Wrkut, cntains puzzles which he devised t stretch, sharpen and stimulate the brain. The puzzles, frm ‘memry jgs’ t Sudku t crsswrds t number games are all-encmpassing, and have been specially frmulated t imprve each and every part f the brain, frm visual-spatial ability t perceptin, attentin, memry, numerical agility, prblem-slving and language.(他的书《益智大脑训练师90天锻炼》中包含了他设计的可以伸展、锐化和刺激大脑的益智游戏。从“记忆慢跑”到数独，从填字游戏到数字游戏，这些谜题包罗万象，经过专门设计，可以提高大脑的每一个部分，从视觉空间能力到感知、注意力、记忆力、数字敏捷性、解决问题和语言能力。)”可知，他书中的谜题将提高智力以及它们将对人们的智力产生重大影响。故选AC。
13．答案： ①taxi drivers②detailed mental map③hippcampus④statistical⑤prblem-slving⑥behaviur/behavir
解析：①根据文中“D. Rbertsn illustrates his pint by referring t Dr Eleanr McGuire's seminal 2000 study f the brains f Lndn taxi drivers.(罗伯逊通过引用埃莉诺·麦奎尔博士2000年对伦敦出租车司机大脑的开创性研究来说明他的观点)”可知，这项研究以伦敦的出租车司机为研究对象。故第一个设空处为taxi drivers；
②根据“That shwed that their grey matter enlarges and adapts t help them build up a detailed mental map f the city. (这表明他们的灰质扩大并适应，帮助他们在脑海中建立详细的城市地图)”可知，研究表明，他们的大脑发生了变化，使他们能够在脑海中绘制出详细的伦敦地图。故第二个设空处为detailed mental map；
③根据“Brain scans revealed that the drivers had a much larger hippcampus (the part f the brain assciated with navigatin in birds and animals) cmpared with ther peple(脑部扫描显示，司机的海马体(鸟类和动物大脑中与导航相关的部分)比其他人大得多)”可知，测试显示，当他们继续工作时，海马体的大小会增加。故第三个填空处为hippcampus；
④根据“Similarly, there is strng statistical evidence that, by stretching the mind with games and puzzles, brainpwer is increased.(同样，有强有力的统计证据表明，通过游戏和谜题拓展思维，智力得到提高。)”可知，也有统计学上的证据表明通过游戏和谜题拓展思维，智力得到提高。故第四个填空处为statistical；
⑤根据“A mre recent survey suggested that a 20-minute prblem-slving sessin n the Nintend DS game called ‘Dr Kawashima's Brain Training’ at the beginning f each day dramatically imprved pupils' test results, class attendance and behaviur.(最近的一项调查显示，每天早上玩一款名为“川岛博士的大脑训练”的任天堂DS游戏，花20分钟解决问题，可以显著提高学生的考试成绩、出勤率和行为表现)”可知，学生每天花一段时间玩某种涉及解决问题的游戏，出勤率明显提高，考试成绩和行为表现都有所改善。故第五个和第六个设空处为prblem-slving；behaviur/behavir。
14．答案： ①G②F
解析：①细节理解题。根据“Rbertsn says that sme ld peple are s stimulated that they hardly need t exercise their brains further, while sme yung peple hardly use theirs at all and are therefre in dire need f a wrkut. (罗伯逊说，一些老年人非常兴奋，他们几乎不需要进一步锻炼他们的大脑，而一些年轻人几乎不使用他们的大脑，因此迫切需要锻炼。)”可知，G中包含了有些人不锻炼他们的头脑的原因。故答案为G。
②细节理解题。根据“‘In the same way that physical exercise is gd fr yu, s is keeping yur brain stimulated,’ Rbertsn says.‘Quite simply, thse wh keep themselves mentally challenged functin significantly better mentally than thse wh d nt.’(罗伯逊说：就像体育锻炼对你有好处一样，保持大脑受到刺激也对你有好处。很简单，那些保持智力挑战的人比那些没有挑战的人在智力上表现得更好。)”可知。F中包含人们通常觉得自己不擅长的事情的例子。故答案为F。
15．答案：①-⑤BFEAC
解析：①根据下文“Yu can get in tuch and feel cnnected, hwever, by fllwing the tips belw(不过，你可以通过下面的建议来让自己与人保持联系，让自己不觉得孤独)”中hwever可推知，上文内容应该是讲你与人疏远，感到孤独，B项“Smetimes yu can feel islated and distant frm the nes yu lve.(有时你会觉得与你所爱的人疏远了)”符合语境，且与首句“It's easy t feel discnnected frm what is ging n arund yu in tday's fast-paced wrld.(在当今快节奏的世界里，你很容易与周围发生的事情脱节)”有顺承关系。故选B项。
②F项“Targeting yur effrts tward thse issues allws yu t clse that distance mre effectively.(把你的努力集中在那些事情上可以让你更有效地拉近与别人的距离)”中thse issues指代上文“ Knwing what is making yu feel discnnected can help yu chse the best ways t address it. (知道是什么让你感到孤立可以帮助你选择最好的方法来解决它)”中what is making yu feel discnnected，且两句语意有顺承关系。故选F项。
③根据小标题“Interact with peple in persn. ”可知，本段主要讲与人互动；再根据下文“Yu can als take steps t feel mre cnnected by making small-talk with strangers wh are sharing parts f yur day.(你也可以通过主动与在一天中遇到的陌生人闲聊的方式来让自己感觉与人更亲近)”中als可知，上文内容也是讲如何与人建立联系，E项“Attending family events, r simply visiting smene nce a week can help t strengthen yur relatinship and keep it strng.(参加家庭活动，或者只是每周拜访某人一次，可以帮助加强你们的关系并保持牢固)”列举了一些与人保持联系的方式，符合语境，同时也是对小标题的照应。故选E项。
④设空处为段落小标题；根据段中“Yur lved nes culd feel shy, s yu may never knw hw t imprve yur relatinship unless yu ask the right questins.(你爱的人可能会感到害羞，所以你可能永远不知道如何改善你们的关系，除非你问对了问题)”和“Asking them t pen the drs can give yu sme insight n what yu can d.(请他们为你开门可以让你了解自己能做些什么)”可知，本段讲要改善关系就要主动去问别人需要你做些什么。故选A项。
⑤根据小标题“Shw yur cmmitment t them.(展示你对他们的承诺)”和段中“Simply shwing up and being there fr yur lved nes says a lt abut hw much yu value yur relatinships. Putting in the time shws them that yu are cmmitted and want t stay cnnected.(仅仅是出现在你爱的人身边，就能说明你有多重视你们的关系。投入时间让他们知道你是忠诚的并想要和他们保持联系)”可知，本段主要阐述了表达自己承诺的重要性，要让你爱的人知道你的爱，C项“Be brave t express yur lve.(勇敢地表达你的爱)”符合语境，且句中express与文中多次提到的“shw”相照应。故选C项。
16．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，我的同学大都出身富裕的郊区家庭，那里以白人为主，他们往上几代家族成员都接受过良好的教育。A. teachers老师；B. classmates同学；C. clleagues同事；D. neighbrs邻居。根据“Neither f my parents had graduated frm middle schl and I was the first in my family t ever enter a cllege campus.”可知，这里对比的是和作者同身份的学生。故选B项。
17．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，我的同学大都出身富裕的郊区家庭，那里以白人为主，他们往上几代家族成员都接受过良好的教育。A. cmplex复杂的；B. remte遥远的；C. rich富的；D. rdinary普通的。根据前文的“Mst f my life I had lived in a Black and Latin cmmunity.”可知，作者的家境一般，通过本句的“By cntrast”可知，与作者相反，同学们的家境富裕，故选C项。
18．答案：A
解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：我没有与人分享心中的烦闷，而是将自己封闭起来，专注学习，希望以此能熬过艰难的求学生涯。A. Instead f而不是；B. Regardless f不管；C. Ahead f在...前；D. Apart frm除了。后文的“clsed myself”与“sharing with thers”形成反差，可知，此处应该意为“而是，作为……的替换”。故选A项。
19．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我没有与人分享心中的烦闷，而是将自己封闭起来，专注学习，希望以此能熬过艰难的求学生涯。A. relied n依赖；B. fcused n聚焦于，专注于；C. gave up放弃；D. tk up占用。通过前文“thught I culd get thrugh it”可知，作者渴望通过专注于学习来熬过艰难的求学生涯。故选B项。
20．答案：D
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，故事还没有结束。A. Unusually不同寻常地；B. Psitively积极地；C. Instantly立刻；D. Frtunately幸运地。上一句提到“drp ut”指出作者决定退学，后文“wasn’t the end f the stry”说明一切并未结束。可知，此句与上一句构成转折关系，说明作者是幸运的。故选D项。
21．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我找到了继续完成大学学业的力量和向导。A. curisity好奇心；B. cmfrt舒适；C. strength强度，力量；D. intentin打算。通过文章标题，以及后文中多次提到的“pwer”，可以推断出这里作者找到了心中的“力量”。故选C项。
22．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：心理咨询为我提供了一个表达情绪的空间。A. adjust调整，适应；B. express表达；C. cntrl控制；D. relieve缓解。通过后文“she helped me feel pwerful”可知心理咨询师帮助作者变得强大，为作者提供了表达问题的空间。故选B项。
23．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：咨询师为我推荐书籍和其他资源，让我正视当下的经历，帮助我变得强大起来。A. training培训；B. mtivatin动机；C. credits学分，信用 ；D. resurces资源。通过前面的“bks”可知，心理咨询师为作者推荐书籍和其他资源。故选D项。
24．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我自愿参加了学校的一个组织，这让我不断回想起自己进入大学的初衷。A. ambitin追求的目标；B. reminder提醒；C. memry记忆；D. practice实践。此处作者想表达参加社团提醒了自己回想起进入大学的初衷。故选B项。
25．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我与学生的互动，让我想起了我在家里的朋友，激励我为低收入青年获得高等教育的机会而努力。A. appraches接近；B. guides指导；C. subscriptin订阅；D. access通道，入径。根据设空处前的“wrk fr”以及后文的“higher educatin fr lw-incme yuth”可知，作者想要为低收入青年接受高等教育而努力，让他们有机会接受高等教育。故选D项。
26．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还参与了夏季城市项目，与一群学生领袖合作，发起专题讨论，探讨种族和阶级问题。A. entered进入；B. absrbed吸收；C. attended出席；D. participated参与。根据下文“ where I cperated with a grup f student leaders t start a cnference”可知，我还参与了夏季城市项目。固定词组get invlved in 意为“参与”，这里表示作者参与了夏季城市项目。故选D项。
27．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还参与了夏季城市项目，与一群学生领袖合作，发起专题讨论，探讨种族和阶级问题。 A. suggestins建议；B. messages消息；C. issues问题；D. examples示例。通过前文“start a cnference”以及后文“f race and class”可知，作者与学生们针对一个专题进行了讨论。故选C项。
28．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：知识就是力量。A. Cnfidence信心；B. Knwledge知识；C. Bravery勇敢；D. Cnstructin建设。本句是本段的总结句，根据下文“I read bks and chse curses t learn”可知，知识就是力量。故选B项。
29．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我阅读书籍，有意选择课程，以了解更多有关移民、种族、社会阶层和城市教育的话题。A. expsed暴露；B. applied应用；C. intrduced介绍； D. related联系。根据前文“I read bks and intentinally chse curses t learn mre abut tpics”以及后文“immigratin, race, scial class and urban educatin”可知，作者有意了解与移民、种族、社会阶层和城市教育有联系的话题。be related t意为“与……相关的”。故选D项。
30．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些书籍和课程让我对自己遭受种族压迫的经历得到了深刻的理解。A. gain获得；B. link 连接；C. shw显示；D. experience经验，体验。根据前文的“helped”以及后文“a much deeper understanding f my wn racial experiences f ppressin”可知，作者对于自己的经历得到了深刻理解。故选A项。
31．答案：①n②Described③patritic④devtin⑤extremely
解析：①考查介词。句意：也许没有其他科学家对中国航天科学的影响比钱学森更大。短语have an impact n表示“对……有影响”。故填n。
②考查动词。句意：钱学森被《钱学森的故事》的作者描述为一个具有“伟大的科学思想和科学精神”的人，他爱国，努力，成就和奉献，为祖国服务，是一个非常受人尊敬的人。根据课文内容以及句意“描述”可知应填动词describe，与逻辑主语Qian构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Described。
③考查形容词。句意：钱学森被《钱学森的故事》的作者描述为一个具有“伟大的科学思想和科学精神”的人，他爱国，努力，成就和奉献，为祖国服务，是一个非常受人尊敬的人。根据课文内容以及句意“爱国”可知应填形容词patritic，作表语。故填patritic。
④考查名词。句意：钱学森被《钱学森的故事》的作者描述为一个具有“伟大的科学思想和科学精神”的人，他爱国，努力，成就和奉献，为祖国服务，是一个非常受人尊敬的人。根据课文内容以及句意“奉献”可知应填名词devtin，根据上文“effrt, achievement, and”可知为单数。故填devtin。
⑤考查副词。句意：钱学森被《钱学森的故事》的作者描述为一个具有“伟大的科学思想和科学精神”的人，他爱国，努力，成就和奉献，为祖国服务，是一个非常受人尊敬的人。根据课文内容以及句意“非常”可知应填副词extremely，修饰well-respected。故填extremely。
32．答案：①utlk②helped③Therefre④cmpetent⑤wh
解析：①考查名词。句意：中国“一带一路”倡议等项目的全球前景帮助我们与世界建立联系。根据“make cnnectins acrss the wrld”可知，此处指“中国的全球前景”。utlk“前景”，名词，在句中作主语，故填utlk。
②考查动词。句意同上。结合句意可知，此处指“帮助我们与世界建立联系”，help“帮助”，动词，结合空前的“has”可知句子是现在完成时，空处用过去分词，故填helped。
③考查副词。句意：因此，中国需要更多有才能、有国际视野、语言能力极强，具有领导力和组织能力、拥有强烈文化意识的年轻人。结合上下文句意可知，上下文表示因果关系，中国的全球前景帮助我们与世界建立联系，因此需要更多有才能的年轻人，空后表示结果，作状语，故用副词therefre“因此”，首字母应大写，故填Therefre。
④考查形容词。句意同上。根据上文的“mre talented yung peple”可知，此处指“语言能力极强”，cmpetent“有能力的”，形容词，在句中作表语，故填cmpetent。
⑤考查定语从句。句意：海外求学的学生能够培养这类技能，而这些技能反过来又将为他们带来更好的就业机会。分析句子可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是“Students”，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词wh引导，故填wh。
33．答案： recalled
解析：考查动词。句意：她的父母回忆起她每周三总是很晚回家。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用动词recall，根据宾语从句中的came可知，句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填recalled。
34．答案：engage
解析：考查动词。句意：他喜欢参加户外活动，如徒步旅行和露营。设空处接在不定式t后，应用动词原形，根据汉语提示可知是engage，故填engage。
35．答案：civilized
解析：考查形容词。句意：中国是四大文明古国之一。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词civilized，修饰名词ancient cuntries，作定语。故填civilized。
36．答案：alternative
解析：考查名词。句意：我们别无选择，只能不遗余力地保护海洋不受污染。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用名词alternative，构成have n alternative but t，表示“别无选择，只能”，故填alternative。
37．答案：blames
解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他不能勇敢地面对残酷的现实，总是把不幸的事归咎于别人。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语动词；根据“can’t face”和“always”可知，应用一般现在时，表示经常发生的动作；blame为动词，意为“责备”，符合句意；主语是“he”，谓语为单数。故填blames。
38．答案：cntradictry
解析：考查形容词。句意：他们提出了相互矛盾的理论，我不知道该相信哪一个。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词cntradictry，作定语修饰名词theries。故填cntradictry。
39．答案：invlved
解析：考查固定搭配。句意：我不想卷入他们之间的冲突。根据句意和首字母可知，此处应用形容词invlved构成短语get invlved in，意为“卷入”，故填invlved。
40．答案：pured
解析：考查动词。句意：苏珊的梦想变成了现实，幸福的泪水从她的脸颊上流了下来。and前后连接两个并列句，此处在and后面的句中作谓语，根据句意和首字母可知，此处表示“使（液体）流出”，为动词pur，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填pured。
41．答案：vivid
解析：考查形容词。句意：这位年轻的机械师对他快乐的童年记忆犹新。结合句意及首字母提示可知，vivid“生动的”，形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词“memries”，故填vivid。
42．答案：decreasing
解析：考查动词。句意：由于环境污染严重，原材料的数量每年都在急剧减少。根据句意和所给首字母，动词decrease“减少”符合语境，根据句意，描述正在发生的事，用现在进行时，空前已有be动词。故填decreasing。
43．答案：carry ut
解析：考查固定搭配。“执行”为固定搭配carry ut，由情态动词shuld可知，动词carry应用原形，故填carry ut。
44．答案：the mst
解析：考查动词短语。动词短语get the mst ut f意为“充分利用，最有效地利用”，符合句子和句意。故填the mst。
45．答案：an arm
解析：考查固定短语。句意：出国留学会花费很多钱，因为在国外一切都很昂贵。固定短语：cst an arm and a leg，花一大笔钱。故填an arm
46．答案：n denying
解析：考查固定句型。“不可否认……”使用固定句型There is n denying that...，故填n denying。
47．答案：have/am qualificatins/ qualified
解析：考查固定短语。结合句意“具有资格”可知短语为have qualificatins t或be qualified t。根据I am quite excited but a bit nervus. 可知为一般现在时。故填①have/am；②qualificatins/ qualified。
48．答案：adapt t
解析：考查动词短语。结合句意“适应”可知短语为adapt t，且上文为疑问词+不定式结构。故填adapt t。
49．答案：whatever can
解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子和句意可知，“d”后应跟宾语从句，表示“尽我所能”，即“无论我能做什么”，可译为whatever I can。故填①whatever；②can。
50．答案： sacrifice fr
解析：考查固定搭配。“为……而牺牲……”为固定搭配，have t d固定搭配，意为“不得不做”，所以动词sacrifice应用原形，故填sacrifice；fr。
51．答案：fr all
解析：考查固定短语。固定短语nce and fr all意为“彻底地，一劳永逸地”，符合句子和句意。故空①填fr；空②填all。
52．答案：What wrried/cncerned
解析：考查主语从句引导词和动词。“让……担心”使用动词wrry/cncern，第一空引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，结合句中的“was”可知，描述过去发生的事，此处应用一般过去时，故填①What②wrried/cncerned。
53．答案：
Dear Bella,
I was thrilled t learn that yu are interested in studying in China. Welcme t China! There are many benefits t studying in China.
As a freign student, yu will have the pprtunity t be expsed t new cultures, new ways f learning, and even new ways f thinking. Secndly, it will help yu gain a deeper understanding f Chinese histry and culture. Additinally, it is the best way t imprve yur Chinese language skills by learning and living here.
If yu have any ther questins, please feel free t cntact me. I believe that yu will have an unfrgettable time in China!
Yurs Sincerely
Li Hua
解析：1. 词汇积累：
激动的：thrilled→excited
好处、优势：benefit→advantage
机会：pprtunity→chance
此外：additinally→besides
2. 句式拓展：
同义句转换：
原句：If yu have any ther questins, please feel free t cntact me.
拓展句：Having any ther questins, please feel free t cntact me.
【高分句型1】As a freign student, yu will have the pprtunity t be expsed t new cultures, new ways f learning, and even new ways f thinking.（运用了动词不定式作后置定语、动名词作宾语。）
【高分句型2】 I believe that yu will have an unfrgettable time in China!（运用了以连接词that引导的宾语从句。）