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高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration试讲课课件ppt
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration试讲课课件ppt，共16页。PPT课件主要包含了不定式作目的状语等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Lk at the fllwing sentences and fcus n the italicised infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functins and meanings.
1. Scientists wrk hard t find answers. 2. They make vehicles t carry brave peple int space t find ut the secrets f the universe. 3. Hwever, sme scientists were determined t help humans realise their dream t explre space. 4. Yuri Gagarin became the first persn in the wrld t g int space. 5. America’s NASA space agency launched Vyager 1 n 5 September 1977 t study deep space. 6. These disasters made everyne sad and disappinted, but the desire t explre the universe never died.
动词不定式的时态和语态
表示动作与谓语动作同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后
表示动作发生在谓语动作之前
表示谓语动作发生时，不定式的动作正在进行
表示动作发生在谓语动作之前且一直持续到谓语动作发生时仍在进行
t have been dne
t have been ding
1. We must find a persn t d the wrk.2. There are lts f interesting things t see. 3. They gt the rder t leave the city.
动词不定式作定语通常放在名词、代词或不定代词的后面作后置定语。 动词不定式作定语一般与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系、动宾关系、或同位关系。
一、不定式作定语的位置和关系
1. She is the first t admit that much f his success is due t his gd lks.2. Tm is the nly student t g t Shanghai in his class. 3. They take a lt f truble t find the right persn t d the jb.
当名词被序数词或 the nly, the next, the last, the right修饰，且该名词是作定语的非谓语动词的执行者时，用不定式主动形式作定语。
二、不定式作定语（名词被特定词修饰）
三、不定式作定语与特定名词连用
1. He had n chance t take a bite f biscuit.2. He made an attempt t be admitted t the big cmpany. 3. A gd teacher must have the ability t make himself understd. 4. They want t keep a prmise t balance the federal budget by 2011.5. We appreciate yur eagerness t receive yur device.
有些名词常跟不定式作定语，如：dream, ambitin, desire, determinatin, wish, decisin, chance, prmise, plan, time, attempt, effrt, ability, eagerness等。
四、不定式作定语（有…要做的事情）
Usually n the weekend, we have a lt f hmewrk ______.As a senir three student, there is a lt f hmewrk ______.With s much hmewrk ______, we need t stay at hme.
五、不定式作定语（表将来）
下周举行的会议很重要。The meeting __________ next week is f great imprtance.即将到来的节日是缅怀先人的好时机。The festival ________ is a gd time fr yu t hnr yur ancestrs.
1. Give me a suitable pen t write with. 2. His mther is lking fr a huse t live in. 3. There is nthing t wrry abut.4. Here is a piece f paper fr yu t write n.
作定语的动词不定式如果是不及物动词或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。
六、不定式加介词作定语
1. D yu have any clthes t wash?2. Kids, d yu have any clthes t be washed?3. I can’t g ut this afternn, because I have many materials t type. 4. The bss tld me that he had many materials t be typed.
当不定式与前面的名词构成动宾关系，且和句中的主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，用主动形式表被动意义；若没有逻辑上的主谓关系且不确定逻辑主语是谁时，仍用被动语态。
试比较1、2句和3、4句的区别是什么？
1. I usually have nthing t d n weekends.2. Please fetch me sme water t drink.3. He will shw yu the right path t take.
在一些固定句型中，动词不定式作定语用主动形式表被动意义，如 have / get / give / shw sth t d。在此类句型中，不定式与前面的名词构成动宾关系，和句中另一个名词或代词构成主谓关系。
The airprt ______________ (cmplete) next year will help prmte turism in this area.2. We are having a meeting in half an hur. The decisin __________ (make) at the meeting will influence the future f ur cmpany.3. Vlunteering gives yu a chance _________ (change) lives, including yur wn. 4. The students are lking frward t having an pprtunity _________ (explre) sciety f real-life experience. 5. I have a lt f readings ___________ (cmplete) befre the end f this term.
t be cmpleted
6. The play ______________ (prduce) next mnth aims mainly t reflect the lcal culture. 7. The ability _________ (express) an idea is as imprtant as the idea itself. 8. It’s imprtant fr the figures ____________ (update) regularly. 9. Birds’ singing is smetimes a warning t ther birds ______ (stay) away. 10. It’s standard practice fr a cmpany like this ne _________ (emply) a security fficer.
t be prduced
t be updated
1. T be a winner, yu need t give all yu have and try yur best. 2. Firemen had t break the dr dwn t reach the peple trapped inside. 3. Mre TV prgrammes were prduced t raise peple's cncern ver fd safety. 4. T / In rder t get a gd seat, he arrived early. 5. The bus stpped at the stp s as t pick up passengers.
不定式作目的状语，可用in rder t / s as t 代替，有时为了突出强调目的，加强语气，还可将这个词组置于句首，但s as t一般不用于句首。(1) 置于句首时只用t d / in rder t d。如用于表示否定, 用 in rder nt t d 或 s as nt t d形式。(2)不定式作目的状语可转换为 s that / in rder that 或 s. . . that . . . 引导的目的状语从句。
一句多译我们将召开会议来讨论这种不健康的生活方式。①We’ll hld a meeting _____________________ the unhealthy lifestyle.②We’ll hld a meeting _____________________ the unhealthy lifestyle.③We’ll hld a meeting _____________________ the unhealthy lifestyle.④________________________ the unhealthy lifestyle，we’ll hld a meeting.⑤________________ the unhealthy lifestyle，we’ll hld a meeting.
in rder t discuss
s as t discuss
In rder t discuss
1. He returned hme t find his wife waiting fr him. 2. He hurried t the bking ffice, nly t be tld that all the tickets had been sld ut. 3. As a cnductr he is t experienced t mind what the critics say.. 4. Is this bridge strng enugh t supprt heavy lrries?5. Will yu be s kind as t pen the windw?
不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果；有时也可用nly t, (表示意料之外的结果的发生)，t ... t, enugh t, s/such. . . as t(意为“如此……以至于……”)来表示结果状语。现在分词作结果状语强调的是一种自然而然的结果。
1. I am s excited t be here! 2. She wept t see him in such a terrible state.3. We’re prud t be yung peple f China. 4. He is glad t be invited t the meeting.
不定式作原因状语，常用于“主语 + be + 形容词 + t d”结构中，此类形容词多是glad, excited, disappinted, shcked等表示喜怒哀乐的形容词。
1. _________ (make) it easier t get in tuch with us, yu’d better keep this card at hand. 2. Anxiusly, she tk the dress ut f the package and tried it n, nly _______ (find) it didn’t fit.3. Grup activities will be rganised after class _________ (help) children develp team spirit.4. Gerge returned after the war, nly __________ (tell) that his wife had left him. 5. This machine is very easy ___________ (perate). Anybdy can learn t use it in a few minutes. 6. We were astnished ________ (find) the temple still in its riginal cnditin.
Hell, my dear friends! I am greatly hnured ________ (share) the event with yu. The theme f the activity is _______________ (intrduce) Chinese traditinal culture. During this mnth, there will be varius activities fr yu ____________ (experience) the rich and clurful Chinese culture. Yu will have a chance __________ (make) paper-cutting r ____________ (appreciate) Chinese arts. There will be sme lectures fr yu _________ (attend), _______ is beneficial t yur understanding abut China. ________ (learn) mre abut China, dn’t hesitate _________ (cntact) us and be the first ________ (sign) up fr the activity.
t experience
t appreciate
Lk at the fllwing sentences and fcus n the italicised infinitives. In pairs, discuss their functins and meanings.
1. Scientists wrk hard t find answers. 2. They make vehicles t carry brave peple int space t find ut the secrets f the universe. 3. Hwever, sme scientists were determined t help humans realise their dream t explre space. 4. Yuri Gagarin became the first persn in the wrld t g int space. 5. America’s NASA space agency launched Vyager 1 n 5 September 1977 t study deep space. 6. These disasters made everyne sad and disappinted, but the desire t explre the universe never died.
动词不定式的时态和语态
表示动作与谓语动作同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后
表示动作发生在谓语动作之前
表示谓语动作发生时，不定式的动作正在进行
表示动作发生在谓语动作之前且一直持续到谓语动作发生时仍在进行
t have been dne
t have been ding
1. We must find a persn t d the wrk.2. There are lts f interesting things t see. 3. They gt the rder t leave the city.
动词不定式作定语通常放在名词、代词或不定代词的后面作后置定语。 动词不定式作定语一般与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系、动宾关系、或同位关系。
一、不定式作定语的位置和关系
1. She is the first t admit that much f his success is due t his gd lks.2. Tm is the nly student t g t Shanghai in his class. 3. They take a lt f truble t find the right persn t d the jb.
当名词被序数词或 the nly, the next, the last, the right修饰，且该名词是作定语的非谓语动词的执行者时，用不定式主动形式作定语。
二、不定式作定语（名词被特定词修饰）
三、不定式作定语与特定名词连用
1. He had n chance t take a bite f biscuit.2. He made an attempt t be admitted t the big cmpany. 3. A gd teacher must have the ability t make himself understd. 4. They want t keep a prmise t balance the federal budget by 2011.5. We appreciate yur eagerness t receive yur device.
有些名词常跟不定式作定语，如：dream, ambitin, desire, determinatin, wish, decisin, chance, prmise, plan, time, attempt, effrt, ability, eagerness等。
四、不定式作定语（有…要做的事情）
Usually n the weekend, we have a lt f hmewrk ______.As a senir three student, there is a lt f hmewrk ______.With s much hmewrk ______, we need t stay at hme.
五、不定式作定语（表将来）
下周举行的会议很重要。The meeting __________ next week is f great imprtance.即将到来的节日是缅怀先人的好时机。The festival ________ is a gd time fr yu t hnr yur ancestrs.
1. Give me a suitable pen t write with. 2. His mther is lking fr a huse t live in. 3. There is nthing t wrry abut.4. Here is a piece f paper fr yu t write n.
作定语的动词不定式如果是不及物动词或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。
六、不定式加介词作定语
1. D yu have any clthes t wash?2. Kids, d yu have any clthes t be washed?3. I can’t g ut this afternn, because I have many materials t type. 4. The bss tld me that he had many materials t be typed.
当不定式与前面的名词构成动宾关系，且和句中的主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，用主动形式表被动意义；若没有逻辑上的主谓关系且不确定逻辑主语是谁时，仍用被动语态。
试比较1、2句和3、4句的区别是什么？
1. I usually have nthing t d n weekends.2. Please fetch me sme water t drink.3. He will shw yu the right path t take.
在一些固定句型中，动词不定式作定语用主动形式表被动意义，如 have / get / give / shw sth t d。在此类句型中，不定式与前面的名词构成动宾关系，和句中另一个名词或代词构成主谓关系。
The airprt ______________ (cmplete) next year will help prmte turism in this area.2. We are having a meeting in half an hur. The decisin __________ (make) at the meeting will influence the future f ur cmpany.3. Vlunteering gives yu a chance _________ (change) lives, including yur wn. 4. The students are lking frward t having an pprtunity _________ (explre) sciety f real-life experience. 5. I have a lt f readings ___________ (cmplete) befre the end f this term.
t be cmpleted
6. The play ______________ (prduce) next mnth aims mainly t reflect the lcal culture. 7. The ability _________ (express) an idea is as imprtant as the idea itself. 8. It’s imprtant fr the figures ____________ (update) regularly. 9. Birds’ singing is smetimes a warning t ther birds ______ (stay) away. 10. It’s standard practice fr a cmpany like this ne _________ (emply) a security fficer.
t be prduced
t be updated
1. T be a winner, yu need t give all yu have and try yur best. 2. Firemen had t break the dr dwn t reach the peple trapped inside. 3. Mre TV prgrammes were prduced t raise peple's cncern ver fd safety. 4. T / In rder t get a gd seat, he arrived early. 5. The bus stpped at the stp s as t pick up passengers.
不定式作目的状语，可用in rder t / s as t 代替，有时为了突出强调目的，加强语气，还可将这个词组置于句首，但s as t一般不用于句首。(1) 置于句首时只用t d / in rder t d。如用于表示否定, 用 in rder nt t d 或 s as nt t d形式。(2)不定式作目的状语可转换为 s that / in rder that 或 s. . . that . . . 引导的目的状语从句。
一句多译我们将召开会议来讨论这种不健康的生活方式。①We’ll hld a meeting _____________________ the unhealthy lifestyle.②We’ll hld a meeting _____________________ the unhealthy lifestyle.③We’ll hld a meeting _____________________ the unhealthy lifestyle.④________________________ the unhealthy lifestyle，we’ll hld a meeting.⑤________________ the unhealthy lifestyle，we’ll hld a meeting.
in rder t discuss
s as t discuss
In rder t discuss
1. He returned hme t find his wife waiting fr him. 2. He hurried t the bking ffice, nly t be tld that all the tickets had been sld ut. 3. As a cnductr he is t experienced t mind what the critics say.. 4. Is this bridge strng enugh t supprt heavy lrries?5. Will yu be s kind as t pen the windw?
不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果；有时也可用nly t, (表示意料之外的结果的发生)，t ... t, enugh t, s/such. . . as t(意为“如此……以至于……”)来表示结果状语。现在分词作结果状语强调的是一种自然而然的结果。
1. I am s excited t be here! 2. She wept t see him in such a terrible state.3. We’re prud t be yung peple f China. 4. He is glad t be invited t the meeting.
不定式作原因状语，常用于“主语 + be + 形容词 + t d”结构中，此类形容词多是glad, excited, disappinted, shcked等表示喜怒哀乐的形容词。
1. _________ (make) it easier t get in tuch with us, yu’d better keep this card at hand. 2. Anxiusly, she tk the dress ut f the package and tried it n, nly _______ (find) it didn’t fit.3. Grup activities will be rganised after class _________ (help) children develp team spirit.4. Gerge returned after the war, nly __________ (tell) that his wife had left him. 5. This machine is very easy ___________ (perate). Anybdy can learn t use it in a few minutes. 6. We were astnished ________ (find) the temple still in its riginal cnditin.
Hell, my dear friends! I am greatly hnured ________ (share) the event with yu. The theme f the activity is _______________ (intrduce) Chinese traditinal culture. During this mnth, there will be varius activities fr yu ____________ (experience) the rich and clurful Chinese culture. Yu will have a chance __________ (make) paper-cutting r ____________ (appreciate) Chinese arts. There will be sme lectures fr yu _________ (attend), _______ is beneficial t yur understanding abut China. ________ (learn) mre abut China, dn’t hesitate _________ (cntact) us and be the first ________ (sign) up fr the activity.
t experience
t appreciate
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