人教版初中英语总复习专题题型解法3综合填空课件

这是一份人教版初中英语总复习专题题型解法3综合填空课件，共39页。PPT课件主要包含了内容索引，考情调研解读，归纳题型解法，题型1　首字母提示型，活学活用 ，an ，during ，saved ，himself ，both 等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.综合填空题主要考查考生对单词、语法知识、构词法知识的综合运用能力, 并检验考生掌握所学词汇的程度。中考对词汇的考查已不仅仅停留在对词汇知识的机械记忆上, 而是着重考查考生在特定语言环境中运用词汇的能力。
2.综合填空题的考查重点是: (1)名词的复数及所有格的用法; (2)序数词的构成及用法; (3)形容词、副词的原级、比较级、最高级的用法; (4)人称代词的主格、宾格以及名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词的用法; (5)动词的时态和语态; (6)连词、介词等的用法。3.考查的方式: (1)首字母提示;(2)用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空;(3)语法填空。
首字母填空类短文是将一篇文章中若干个词“掏空”, 留下该词的首字母, 该首字母既作为提示又作为限制, 让我们根据短文的意思把单词拼写完整, 使文章连贯。答题时要在通读全文、掌握大意的前提下, 采用先易后难, 逐项填空的应试策略。
典例Hw d we knw the time? A clck, a watch r a cell phne can help us. Hwever, many years ag there were n clcks and knwing the time was nt s easy. Over the centuries, peple have develped different w　1　 f telling the time.  Abut 5, 500 years ag, the Egyptians i　2　 the sun clck. This was a tall stne structure. Its shadw(影子) shwed the mvement f the s　3　. They were able t determine(测定) midday.  
Abut 3, 500 years ag, the Egyptians made a sundial. It was smaller than the sun clck and culd measure(测量) the time fr half a day. On c　4　 days r at night it was impssible t tell the time with a sun clck r a sundial.  Water clcks were the f　5　 clcks nt t use the sun. The idea is simple. Water flws(流动) frm ne cntainer(容器) t anther. When the water reaches a certain l　6　, it mves a lever(控制杆) and this shws the hurs. The Egyptians used water clcks abut 3, 400 years ag. These clcks were ppular in the Middle East and China but they f　7　 t keep accurate(精确的) time.  
In the 13th century, the mechanical clck was invented. This was mre accurate, b　8　 was expensive t make. Over the next few centuries it was develped. Fr example, springs(发条) were added arund 1500.This i　9　 accuracy and allwed clcks t be smaller.  In 1927, the first quartz clck was develped. Clcks became cheaper t build and wn. Peple began depending n them mre and mre t run businesses, markets and s n.
Mre recently, in 1956, came the digital clck. And nwadays satellites(人造卫星) send ur cell phnes the time t the exact secnd. There has been a lt f prgress in timekeeping but sme things never c　10　. Many f us still have truble getting ut f bed n time and nt missing appintments.  
答案与解析:1.ways　由句意可知此处表示知道时间的“方式”, 故填ways。2.invented　句意: 大约5,500年前, 埃及人发明了太阳时钟。此处表示发明, 且应用一般过去时, 故填invented。3.sun　太阳时钟的影子显示的是太阳的运动轨迹, 故填sun。4.cludy　在阴天的时候或者晚上太阳时钟或日晷是无法测出时间的。此处应填cludy。5.first　句意: 水钟是最初不用太阳的时钟。表示“第一, 首先, 最初”, 故应填first。
6.level　表示“水平高度”, 应填level。7.failed　水钟不能维持准确的时间, 表示“失败, 未能(做到)”, 且应用一般过去时, 应填failed。8.but　机械表更加准确了, 但是制造费用特别高。表示转折关系, 应填but。9.imprved　发条的使用增加了时钟的准确性。表示“增加, 增强”, 且应用一般过去时, 应填imprved。10.change　计时的工具有了很多改进, 但是很多事情还是不能发生改变。表示“改变”, 且前面有never修饰, 故应填change。
答案与解析:1.little　knw little abut sth.“对某物知之甚少”。根据下文“... he hardly ever gt ut f his village.”可知他几乎不出村, 由此可判断他对外面的世界了解很少, 故填little。2.frm　get sth.frm sb.“从某人那儿得到某物”。句意: 一天, 他从住在大城市的叔叔那儿得到了一个收音机。3.shwed　句意: 他很激动, 然后把收音机给他所有的朋友看。根据后面的t和句意及首字母提示可定位shw。另外, 前句用了was, 时态要与前面的一致, 故填shwed。shw sth.t sb.“把某物给某人看”。
4.f　从上文中比尔把收音机给朋友们看可得知他对这个收音机感到很自豪。feel prud f sth.“对某物感到自豪/骄傲”, 故填f。5.wrking　句意: 然而, 几天后, 那台收音机就停止　　　了。根据下文他去修理, 可推知收音机坏了。stp ding sth.“停止做某事”, 表示停止正在做的事情。 6.what　句意: 比尔很难过, 不知道该做些　　　。此处是knw后跟动词不定式的用法, d后没有宾语, 可知空格处即它的宾语, 根据语境可推知“他不知道该做什么”, 故填what。
7.him　句意: 他的一个朋友告诉　　　去镇上的修理铺。比尔是男生, 此处缺少宾语, 故填宾格him。 8.fund　句意: 在收音机里, 那个人　　　了两只死蟑螂。根据语境和首字母提示, 可推测意为“找到, 发现”, 根据上文的时态可判断用过去时, 故填fund。 9.Why　根据下文的回答“Because...”可知这是why引导的疑问句, 故填why, 且位于句首, 首字母应大写。10.sngs　根据上文“Because the tw singers died in my radi.”可推知他很伤心“我怎样才能听到美妙的歌曲呢?”, 故填sngs, 前面没有表示单数的限定词, 故用复数形式。
借助上下文来确定它的适当形式。如: 若空缺处需要填写动词, 那么就要考虑动词的时态、语态等; 若空缺处需要填写形容词, 那么就要考虑形容词的比较级、最高级及固定句式等。
题型2　用所给单词或短语的适当形式填空型
典例2(2023湖南郴州)从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空、使短文完整、通顺(每空一词, 每词限用一次)。
nne　silent　stand　we　curage　questin　fast　prtect　but　withut
Once in a physics class, the teacher asked students, “Why d we have brakes(刹车) in ur cars?” Sn, students gave different answers. A student 　1　 up and replied, “Sir, t stp the car.” Anther ne said, “T reduce and cntrl the speed f the car.” 
Hwever, 　2　 f the answers was the same as the teacher’s. Then he said, “All f yur answers are right. But in my pinin, the brakes in the car make us able t drive much 　3　.” “If the car has n brakes, hw fast are we ready t drive?It is the brakes in the car that give us 　4　 t drive fast and safely.” Listening t this, the whle class was 　5　 because n ne had imagined this answer.  
Similarly, there are many such “brakes” in ur life, which seem t stp us. Fr example, ur parents may ask 　6　 abut prgress r decisins in life. Their 　7　 r suggestins may be cnsidered as “brakes” which stand in ur way. But we can see them as ur supprters which can 　8　 us while taking risks. Smetimes, we have t stp r even step back, s that we can take a big step.  In fact, it is the “brakes” in life that help us a lt. 　9　 these “brakes”, we culd lse ur directin r get int danger. S we need t understand that “brakes” in ur life are nt meant t push us back 　10　 t make us mve frward mre quickly than befre.  
答案与解析:1.std　句意: 一个学生站起来回答说: “先生, 停车。”根据“A and replied”可知, 是站起来回答问题。stand up“起立”, 时态是一般过去时, 动词用过去式。故填std。2.nne　句意: 然而, 没有一个答案与老师的相同。根据“Hwever, the answers was the same as the teacher’s.”可知, 没有一个答案与老师的相同, nne“没有一个”符合语境, 故填nne。
3.faster　句意: 但在我看来, 汽车里的刹车使我们能够开得更快。根据“the brakes in the car make us able t drive much...”可知, 老师认为汽车里的刹车使我们能够开得更快, fast“快地”, much修饰比较级。故填faster。4.curage　句意: 正是刹车给了我们勇气, 让我们安全地快速驾驶。根据“It is the brakes in the car that give drive fast and safely.”可知, 刹车给了我们安全快速驾驶的勇气。curage“勇气”, 在动词后做宾语。故填curage。
5.silent　句意: 听了这话, 全班鸦雀无声, 因为谁也没有想到是这个答案。根据“the whle class n ne had imagined this answer”可知, 全班鸦雀无声, silent“无声的”, 在句中做表语。故填silent。6.us　句意: 例如, 我们的父母可能会问我们关于生活中的进步或决定。根据“ur parents may prgress r decisins in life”可知, 父母问我们关于生活中的进步或决定, 用宾格us在动词后做宾语。故填us。
7.questins　句意: 他们的问题或建议可能被视为挡在我们路上的“刹车”。根据“ suggestins may be cnsidered as ‘brakes’ which stand in ur way.”可知, 父母的问题或建议是我们生活中的“刹车”。questin“问题”, 此处与“suggestins”并列, 使用名词复数形式。故填questins。8.prtect　句意: 但我们可以把他们看作是我们的支持者, 他们可以在我们冒险的时候保护我们。根据“But we can see them as ur supprters which while taking risks.”可知, 他们可以在我们冒险的时候保护我们。prtect“保护”, 情态动词can后用动词原形。故填prtect。
9.Withut　句意: 没有这些“刹车”, 我们可能会迷失方向或陷入危险。根据“ ‘brakes’, we culd lse ur directin r get int danger.”可知, 没有“刹车”可能会失去方向或陷入危险。withut“没有”符合语境, 句首需大写首字母。故填Withut。10.but　句意: 因此, 我们需要明白, 生活中的“刹车”不是为了让我们倒退, 而是为了让我们比以前更快地前进。分析“S we need t understand that ‘brakes’ in ur life are nt meant t push us make us mve frward mre quickly than befre.”可知, 此处是结构, 意为“不是……而是……”, 故填but。
语法填空主要考查形式分为有提示词和无提示词两种。有提示词的主要考查所给词的适当形式;无提示词的主要考查冠词、代词、介词、连词等。
典例3(2023四川乐山)Once upn a time, there was a wise ld man wh had seven sns. But his sns 　1　 (are) always fighting. It made sme bad peple happy because they wanted t cheat(欺骗) the brthers ut f their 　2　 (father) mney.  One day, the father decided t help his sns stp 　3 　 (fight), s he brught them tgether. He tied seven chpsticks tgether, and said, “I will give all f my mney t 　4　 ne wh can break this bundle(捆).” 
The seven sns each tried 　5　 (break) the chpsticks, but it was t hard. They agreed that it was impssible.  “Yet, my sns,” said the father, “it’s actually easy t d.”He untied the chpsticks and brke them ne 　6　 ne easily.  “Aha!” said his sns, “It’s easy t d that way. Anyne can d it.”
The father 　7 　(g) n, “As it is with these chpsticks, s it is with yu, my sns. If yu stick tgether and help each ther, yu will d well, and nbdy can harm yu. But if yu fight, yu will be like these chpsticks, brken 　8　 weak.”The seven sns listened 　9　 (careful) and prmised t stick tgether. They kept their prmise and faced life’s 　10 　(difficulty) tgether, just as their wise father had taught them.  
difficulties
When I was a child, I lved t visited my grandparents’ farm. There was always smething new t d, 　1 　(see) and t enjy. 
One day, I, tgether with my brthers and sisters, went t my grandparents’ farm t celebrate my birthday. We all liked eating strawberries and we went t pick 　2　 (they). We each tk a basket. But I was lazy. I tk the 　3　 (small) basket. While the thers were picking strawberries, I had a rest. Befre we 　4　 (return), I put a lt f grass in my basket and then I put a few strawberries n tp. The basket lked full. My grandfather said he was prud 　5　 my hard wrk.