2022-2023学年辽宁省丹东市高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)

这是一份2022-2023学年辽宁省丹东市高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)，共19页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。
A
Walks t suit everyne
Frm lng-distance trails （小径）t family-friendly adventures arund twn，we have a varius prgramme f guided walks s there's smething fr everyne.
The Intrductry Walk
Timing 2-5pm Length 7.5 miles
Leader Susan Barker Cst £10
This is a super warm-up walk.We start at the Mffat Old Churchyard，where Jhn Ludn McAdam，a Scttish civil engineer and rad-builder，is buried.Later n，we will pass Dumcrieff Huse where he nce lived.A rller （碾轧机） he nce used is still in the grunds.
The Dark Sky Walk
Timing 8-10pm Length 3-4 miles
Leader Elizabeth Tindal Cst £17
Where better t admire the starry sky than in Mffat，the nly Dark Sky Cmmunity in the UK.Walking up the Gallw Hill path in the dark is an experience in itself，as it will be really，really dark.Elizabeth will prvide everyne with head trches （头灯） t help us find ur way and tell yu sme f the science and stries behind the stars and the rest f ur universe.
The Birdwatching Walk
Timing 2-4pm Length 3 miles
Leader Dave Dick Cst £10
Dave will lead a walk arund Gallw Hill.This is a mixed habitat fr birds that is at an exciting stage f develpment.It cntains sme beautiful mature wdland.It als has a large pen area，which is nw being replanted with trees.
The Riverside Meander
Timing 2-3pm Length 4.5 miles
Leader Bb Yeamans Cst Free
This is a waterside walk alng the wded banks f the River Annan.This river is a wildlife habitat where yu may see gray herns，sand martins，dippers and varius species f ducks.This walk is mainly flat s yu'll be able t talk while yu walk.It might be a little muddy in places s yu are advised t wear walking bts and watch ut fr the few tree rts alng the riverside.
1.Which walk will pass a histric residence huse？ ______
A. The Dark Sky Walk.B. The Riverside Meander.
C. The Riverside Meander.D. The Intrductry Walk.
2.What is special abut the walk with Elizabeth Tindal？ ______
A. It is free f charge.
B. It is fr astrnmy lvers.
C. It is scheduled in the mrning.
D. It is set alngside the River Annan.
3.What is the authr's suggestin fr walking alng the Riverside Meander？ ______
A. Wearing head trches.B. Wearing walking bts.
C. Watching ut fr wild animals.D. Aviding talking while walking.
B
Strie Myers is a micrblading （纹绣） artist，wh is in the business f helping peple take cntrl f their appearance.Nw she's using her time and talents t help peple wh have suffered hair lss due t cancer treatment.
Strie first gt the idea t prvide free services fr cancer patients when ne f her clients shared her persnal hair lss jurney after chemtherapy （化疗）.Her wrds tuched Strie's heart. "I was just s mved by her stries that by the end f the appintment，I just culd nt charge her，" she recalled.She made up her mind then t make time in her schedule t help cancer patients in her saln （美容院），asking them t pay her in smiles instead f cash.
Micrblading is frequently sught ut by cancer survivrs wh experienced hair lss while receiving treatment. "Smetimes hair cmes back，fr certain peple，" she explained. "But a lt f times it desn't cme back the way that they hpe.It's amazing that micrblading can help restre that." Strie believes that everyne is beautiful with r withut hair，but hair restratin can help strengthen peple's cnfidence.
One f the first custmers t receive a free micrblading treatment frm Strie was Gretchen Baldwin.Gretchen had 12 cycles f chemtherapy and lst all f her hair.S when a friend tld her abut Strie's services，she jumped at the pprtunity t feel mre like herself again.She admitted she was nervus t imagine the result at first，but nce she lked at herself in the mirrr，she was verjyed! "I was very thankful，nt nly fr the way it made me lk，but als fr nt having t wrry abut paying fr it，" said Gretchen.
Reactins like Gretchen's are what fuel Strie t keep ging! "Their reactins t that are s mving，" she said. "It's s fulfilling，and that is s wrth it t me，and I just have t keep ging with it."
4.Why did Strie decide t ffer cancer patients free services？ ______
A. Because she wanted t shw her talents.
B. Because she wuld like t prmte her saln.
C. Because she heard a cancer patient's hair lss experience.
D. Because she hped t see the smiles n patients' faces.
5.What can we learn abut the service ffered by Strie？ ______
A. It cntributes t building up the cancer patients' cnfidence.
B. It is thught highly f by all the cancer patients.
C. It can cure cancer patients' hair lss.
D. It calls n peple t pay attentin t cancer patients.
6.Which statement is NOT true abut Gretchen Baldmin？ ______
A. Her appreciatin encuraged Strie.
B. She lst her hair because f the chemterapy.
C. She was anxius abut the result at first.
D. She is the first ne t receive free micrbalding treatment.
7.What can be a suitable title fr the text？ ______
A. Strie Myers：a caring artist
B. Strie Myers：a talented artist
C. Micrblading：an amazing skill
D. Micrblading：a new cancer treatment
C
Fr such a big bear，the giant panda's favrite fd，bamb，is surprising.It's a tugh，stick-like plant with relatively few nutrients，s the panda has t eat it all day lng just t sustain itself.That amunts t abut 30 punds a day fr a 300-pund panda.Hw d they d it？
The answer is in their paws.Each ne has a sixth finger，which scientists call a "pseud-thumb".It is actually an extensin f the panda's wrist bne. "It's nt nearly as gd a thumb as urs，s they can't make tls r cmplex mvements，" said Wang Xiaming，a scientist wh studies fssils at the Natural Histry Museum f Ls Angeles Cunty in Califrnia.But the pseud-thumb is shaped like a hk（挂钩），and it helps the bear tightly grasp stalks（秆）f bamb as it chews them.
Fr many years，researchers have wndered hw the pseud-thumb evlved（进化）.Very few fssils f panda paws have been fund，s the earliest evidence scientists culd find was frm abut 150，000 years ag.But in 2015，Wang and his team discvered a spn-shaped piece f bne belnging t Ailurarcts，an ancestr f mdern pandas that lived in the Micene Epch，abut 6 millin t 7 millin years ag.While sme primitive（原始的）animals als had big wrist bnes，Ailurarcts seemed t be ne f the first animals t actually use its pseud-thumb.
Researchers believe that in a crwded frests，where Ailurarcts had t vie with ancient elephants，apes，and deer fr fd.Being able t eat bamb helped the bear stay alive.Bamb was available in large quantities and it grew quickly，s the bears culd snack n the plant as much as they wanted.
The team thinks that the beneficial bne never evlved int a real thumb because it wuld be t difficult fr a panda t walk n all fur paws withut pressing a larger finger. "We think the pseud-thumb is an evlutinary balancing act，" Wang said. "Pandas need it fr grasping，but they als keep stepping n it."
8.What is the functin f the "pseud-thumb"？ ______
A. It benefits pandas' walking.
B. It can turn the fd easily like a real thumb.
C. It can nly make simple mvements and tls.
D. It helps the five existing fingers hld bamb tightly.
9.What des the underlined wrd "vie" in Paragraph 4 mean？ ______
A. Deal.B. Wrk.C. Cmpete.D. Cnnect.
10.What has been fund by researchers accrding t the text？ ______
A. The "pseud-thumb" has evlved fr 150，000 years.
B. A panda's real thumb will cme int being.
C. Quite a few fssils f panda paws have been fund.
D. The "pseud-thumb" is an evlutinary result.
11.Where is this text prbably taken frm？ ______
A. An animal stry.B. A nature textbk.
C. A science magazine.D. A news reprt.
D
When yu're grabbing lunch yu might have yur phne resting n the table.And when yu g t the bathrm yu might leave it n tp f the tilet paper hlder.Then，at the end f the day when yu take the train r bus hme，yu exchange it frm hand t hand as yu pilt public transprtatin while still staying n tp f all yur ntificatins.
Let's face it：Yur phne is a breeding （哺育） grund fr germs （细菌）.And what is especially unhealthy abut it is hw clse yu put it t yur face and muth n a regular basis.Scientists at the University f Arizna fund that yur phne is ten times dirtier than mst tilet seats.Ww，unbelievable!Anther study als fund that a typical high schler's smartphne can have as many as 17，000 bacterial gene cpies n it.Think abut that the next time yu press yur phne up against yur face t make a phne call.Yur phne is expsed t everything yu tuch.What's n yur hands is n yur phne.Health-care experts stress that washing yur hands frequently with sap and water is the best defense against the spread f germs.
Everyne always remembers t wash their hands many a time a day，but many times ignre their phne screen.The reasn why yur phne hlds s many germs is that it remains warm thrughut the day because f hw ften we use it.The warm envirnment allws germ t grw very easily and puts yu at a greater risk f getting infected.
The germs n ur phnes can als lead t the develpment f acne （粉刺） and blackheads n yur face.When yur phne is pressed against yur face while yu're n a call，the surface f ur skin warms up，pening up ur pre （毛孔）.The germs then gets int yur pres，causing skin irritatin.Meanwhile，there are sme ther germs spreading items yu're prbably carrying right nw.
12.What's the writing purpse f the first paragraph？ ______
A. T stress the cellphne is f much imprtance.
B. T suggest ur cellphne is full f germs.
C. T shw the tilet is nt the mst dirty.
D. T indicate we have a clse cnnectin with the cellphne.
13.What des the authr think f the result fund by the scientists？ ______
A. Persnally astnishing.B. Statistically dubtful.
C. Scientifically supprtive.D. Psychlgically frightening.
14.What is the best way t prtect urselves frm germs accrding t experts？ ______
A. Often d hand-washing.
B. Cl yur phne n a regular basis.
C. Frequently clean yur phne screen.
D. Avid pressing yur phne against yur face.
15.What is the main idea f the last paragraph？ ______
A. Hw the germs enter yur pre.
B. Hw the germs influence yur facial skin.
C. What warms up yur face.
D. What causes yur acne and blackheads.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。
Whether yu're 20 r 120，dn't let age define yu.If，like me，yu have recently entered that perid f life knwn as middle age，take ntice：Yu can n lnger tell yurself that yu might mve t Lisbn，learn Prtuguese，and take up the guitar.（1） ______ Best f all，these rules wrk n matter what yur age and stage f life.
（ 2） ______ Mean is easy；kind is hard.Once we reached eighth grade，many f us gt the idea that the nasty put-dwn （无礼的贬低），the superir smile，and the clever ne-liner are the signs f intelligence and great persnal strength.But this kind f cleverness is like "playing the game n easy mde." Making yurself feel bigger by making smene else feel small takes s little skill that 12-year-lds can d it.
Give yurself permissin t be bad.Yu knw what yu're really gd at？Things yu've dne many times befre.Mastery is bredm.（3） ______ And we hate feeling like fls.S we keep urselves bred in rder t prtect urselves frm being stupid.This is a bad trade.
G t the party even when yu dn't want t.Nine times ut ften，yu'll be bred and g hme early.（4） ______ It will pay yu mre than making up fr thse ther wasted hurs.
Be grateful.Yu have been given 2 billin secnds n this planet，give r take.Yu wn't get a refund （退款） frm the universe fr the secnds yu spent cmplaining abut the unfairness.（5） ______
A.Always be ready t learn.
B.First and fremst，be kind.
C.Yu are amazing，and here's why.
D.Unfrtunately，we enjy feeling like masters.
E.But the tenth time，yu will have a wrthy experience.
F.But yu can fllw sme simple rules t guide yur life.
G.Therefre，yu shuld be thankful n matter what happens in yur life.
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。

四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。
36.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
"Military-style" travel has becme the latest fashin amng Chinese cllege students，wh spend as little mney as pssible t travel t as many places as they can during the weekend，rarely taking a break r even sleeping.
（ 1） ______ （save） mney，they usually hp n a nrmal-speed train n a Friday night，arrive at the destinatin city n Saturday mrning，travel freely in the city，sleep at（2） ______ 24-hur restaurant fr a few hurs n Saturday，then repeat the same busy schedule n Sunday befre returning t their university in time fr classes n Mnday mrning.（3） ______ （vide） f them taking such trips have been trending n scial media platfrms，with many netizens（4） ______ （praise） them fr their energy and high ability t implement their plans.Hwever，thers questin whether such a busy schedule is（5） ______ （health）.
Accrding t prfessrs，the trend f "military-style" travel is essentially a frm f budget travel that（6） ______ （appeal） t specific grups f peple.It is reprted that fr many university students with limited budgets and time limits，the desire t explre the wrld（7） ______ travel independently is a basic mtivatin.These yung travelers are（8） ______ （little） cncerned with in-depth experiences and mre fcused n checking ff ppular turist destinatins n their schedule.This has led t the emergence （出现） f a type f turism（9） ______ travelers are willing t sacrifice cmfrt and luxury fr affrdability and（10） ______ （cnvenient）.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。
37.假定你是李华，你的外教老师Mr Brwn即将回国深造，你打算写一封亲笔信给他，来表达你的心声。
内容包括：（1）美好回忆；
（2）感激与祝福。
注意：（1）词数80左右；
（2）可适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mr Brwn，________
Yurs，
Li Hua
38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Up t the age f ten，I hardly nticed the difference.My parents wrked tirelessly t ensure that everything was pleasant fr me.I had t admit that I had a very peaceful childhd and I mstly ignred the fact that my elder sister was different.Our dctr had termed it Asperger Syndrme，a type f develpmental disrder.This result turned my parents' wrld upside dwn but they never let it affect me.
It was nly at the age f ten that I started t ntice the differences and became aware f my scial life and the self-image that I had carefully develped.My sister，n the ther hand，was scially awkward.She struggled with scial interactins，unable t make eye cntact r express herself clearly，ften whispering her wrds right after she said them.Hwever，she was very gd at her studies，s we attended the same primary schl.Despite this，I never publicly admitted that she was my sister，because I culdn't bear thers' strange lks.As fr my childish behavir，she never tk it seriusly.It was a specific event that changed hw I viewed my sister，an incident （事件） that changed me.
In primary six，abut t graduate，my sister and her classmates had t put n a perfrmance，either in a grup r individually.Due t her difficulty interacting with thers，my sister decided t g sl. "I …I will sing the sng …the sng I cmpsed by myself …myself，" my sister tld my parents，smewhat cnfidently.Hearing this，I was shcked.Hw culd my sister sing in frnt f the whle schl alne？
I knew all t well that if I let this happen，she wuld embarrass me in ne way r anther. "N!" I banged n the table，my vice shaking.My parents sht me a lk，and that was when I knew my sister was ging t take the stage，n matter what，and I wuld be part f the audience.This was smething I culd nt avid.
注意：
（1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
（2）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1：
On the perfrmance day，I felt nervus as her turn neared.______
Paragraph 2：
I std up，gestured，and called ut， "Start yur sng，sister!Yu can d it!"________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、B、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一部分The Intrductry Walk中We start at the Mffat Old Churchyard，where Jhn Ludn McAdam，a Scttish civil engineer and rad-builder，is buried.Later n，we will pass Dumcrieff Huse where he nce lived. （我们从莫法特老教堂墓地开始，这里埋葬着苏格兰土木工程师和道路建设者约翰•劳登•麦克亚当。稍后，我们将经过他曾经住过的邓克利夫公馆。）可知，在The Intrductry Walk游客可以经过一座历史悠久的住宅，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据The Dark Sky Walk部分Elizabeth will prvide everyne with head trches （头灯） t help us find ur way and tell yu sme f the science and stries behind the stars and the rest f ur universe.（伊丽莎白将为每个人提供手电筒，帮助我们找到方向，并告诉你们一些恒星和宇宙其他部分背后的科学和故事。）可知，和Elizabeth Tindal一起散步的特别之处在于，它适合天文爱好者。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据The Riverside Meander部分It might be a little muddy in places s yu are advised t wear walking bts and watch ut fr the few tree rts alng the riverside.（有些地方可能会有点泥泞，所以建议你穿上步行靴，小心河边的几根树根。）可知，此处建议穿上靴子。A．Wearing head trches.头戴火把；B．Wearing walking bts.穿着步行靴；C．Watching ut fr wild animals.小心野生动物；D．Aviding talking while walking.走路时避免说话。故选B。
这篇短文主要介绍了不同类型的徒步旅行活动。其中包括了适合初学者的教学性徒步旅行、在黑暗中观赏星空的徒步旅行、观鸟的徒步旅行以及沿河漫步的徒步旅行。每个徒步旅行都有不同的时间、长度、领队和费用，并介绍了各个徒步旅行的特点和注意事项。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】C、A、D、A
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Strie first gt the idea t prvide free services fr cancer patients when ne f her clients shared her persnal hair lss jurney after chemtherapy （化疗）. （当时Strie的一位客户分享了她在化疗后脱发的个人经历，她最初有了为癌症患者提供免费服务的想法。）可知，Strie这样做的原因是她听到了一位癌症患者脱发的经历。A．Because she wanted t shw her talents.因为她想展示自己的才华；B．Because she wuld like t prmte her saln.因为她想推广她的沙龙；C．Because she heard a cancer patient's hair lss experience.因为她听了一个癌症病人的脱发经历；D．Because she hped t see the smiles n patients' faces.因为她希望看到病人脸上的笑容。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Strie believes that everyne is beautiful with r withut hair，but hair restratin can help strengthen peple's cnfidence. （Strie认为，无论有没有头发，每个人都是美丽的，但头发修复可以帮助增强人们的信心。）可知，Strie提供的纹绣服务可以修复癌症患者的头发，因此可以帮助增强他们的信心。故选A项。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段One f the first custmers t receive a free micrblading treatment frm Strie was Gretchen Baldwin.Gretchen had 12 cycles f chemtherapy and lst all f her hair. （Gretchen Baldwin是第一批接受Strie免费纹绣治疗的顾客之一。Gretchen接受了12次化疗，头发都掉光了。）和She admitted she was nervus t imagine the result at first，but nce she lked at herself in the mirrr，she was verjyed! （她承认一开始想象结果时她很紧张，但当她看着镜子里的自己时，她欣喜若狂！）可知，Gretchen因为化疗掉光了头发，她是第一批接受Strie免费纹绣治疗的顾客之一，一开始等待结果时她很紧张。根据最后一段Reactins like Gretchen's are what fuel Strie t keep ging! （像Gretchen这样的反应是Strie继续前进的动力！）可知，Gretchen的惊喜反应代表的认可鼓励了Strie。因此，D项"She is the first ne t receive free micrbalding treatment.她是第一个接受免费纹绣治疗的人"与文章内容不符。故选D项。
（4）标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了纹绣艺术家Strie的故事，她在听到一位客户因化疗而脱发的个人经历后，开始为癌症患者提供免费的纹绣服务，为他们修复头发，帮助他们增强自信。因此，A项"Strie Myers：一个有爱心的艺术家"符合文章大意，概括了Strie的美好品质，最适合作为标题。故选A项。
这篇短文主要讲述了Strie Myers是一位微创美容师，她帮助人们掌控自己的外貌。现在她利用自己的时间和才能帮助因癌症治疗而脱发的人们。Strie第一次为癌症患者提供免费服务的想法来自于她的一个客户在化疗后分享了自己的脱发经历。她的话触动了Strie的内心。Strie当时决定在自己的日程安排中腾出时间来帮助癌症患者，并要求他们用微笑而不是现金来支付报酬。微创美容经常被经历了脱发的癌症幸存者寻求。Strie相信每个人都是美丽的，无论有没有头发，但头发修复可以帮助增强人们的自信心。第一个从Strie那里获得免费微创美容治疗的客户之一是Gretchen Baldwin。Gretchen接受了12次化疗，失去了所有的头发。所以当一个朋友告诉她Strie的服务时，她迫不及待地想要再次感觉像自己。起初她对结果感到紧张，但一旦她看着镜子里的自己，她感到非常高兴！Gretchen说："我非常感激，不仅是因为它让我看起来更好，还因为不用担心付钱。"像Gretchen这样的反应是激励Strie继续前进的动力！她说："他们对此的反应是如此感人。这是如此充实，对我来说是如此值得的，我必须继续下去。"
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
8~11.【答案】D、C、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中But the pseud-thumb is shaped like a hk（挂钩），and it helps the bear tightly grasp stalks（秆）f bamb as it chews them.（但是假拇指的形状像一个钩子，它可以帮助熊在咀嚼竹子的时候紧紧抓住竹子的秆。）可知，熊猫的假拇指的形状像一个钩子，它帮助现有的五个手指紧紧抓住竹子。故选D。
（2）词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子Researchers believe that in a crwded frests（研究人员认为，在拥挤的森林里）以及划线词后面的内容Being able t eat bamb helped the bear stay alive.（能够吃竹子帮助熊活了下来。）可知，Ailurarcts在拥挤的森林中为了和大象、猿猴和鹿竞争食物，吃到竹子才能活下来，由此划线词与C选项为同义词，意为"竞争"。A．Deal.处理；B．Wrk.工作；C．Cmpete.竞争；D．Cnnect.连接。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中The team thinks that the beneficial bne never evlved int a real thumb because it wuld be t difficult fr a panda t walk n all fur paws withut pressing a larger finger. （研究小组认为，有益的骨头从未进化成真正的拇指，因为熊猫如果不按压更大的手指，四只爪子走路就太困难了。）以及We think the pseud-thumb is an evlutinary balancing act，（我们认为假拇指是一种进化平衡行为，）可知，大熊猫的假拇指是一种进化平衡行为。故选D。
（4）文章出处题。通读全文，文章介绍了一个科学成果即大熊猫的特殊食性和其拥有的"伪拇指"，并探讨了这种特殊的进化方式。由此推断，文章出自于一本科学杂志。A．An animal stry.一个动物故事；B．A nature textbk.一本自然教科书；C．A science magazine.一本科学杂志；D．A news reprt.新闻报道。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大熊猫的特殊食性和其拥有的"伪拇指"，并探讨了这种特殊的进化方式。大熊猫以竹子为食，每天需要吃30磅，而它们的"伪拇指"帮助它们紧紧抓住竹子。研究人员发现，大熊猫的祖先Ailurarcts在600万到700万年前就已经拥有了这种特殊的骨骼结构，并开始食用竹子。这种"伪拇指"没有进化成真正的拇指，因为这样会影响大熊猫的行走。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】B、A、A、B
【解析】（1）写作意图题。由本文第一段的内容When yu're grabbing lunch yu might have yur phne resting n the table.And when yu g t the bathrm yu might leave it n tp f the tilet paper hlder.Then，at the end f the day when yu take the train r bus hme，yu exchange it frm hand t hand as yu pilt public transprtatin while still staying n tp f all yur ntificatins. （当你在吃午饭的时候，你可能会把手机放在桌子上。当你去洗手间的时候，你可能会把它放在卫生纸架的上面。然后，在一天结束的时候，当你乘坐火车或公共汽车回家时，你可以在乘坐公共交通工具的时候把它从一只手换到另一只手，同时仍然保持对所有通知的关注。）和第二段中的第一句话Let's face it：Yur phne is a breeding （哺育） grund fr germs （细菌）. （让我们面对这一事实吧：你的手机是细菌的滋生地。）可知，第一段描述了日常生活中我们频繁使用手机的场景，第二段的首句点明我们的手机滋生很多细菌。由此推知，第一段的目的在于表明我们的手机充满了细菌。故选B。
（2）观点态度题。由本文第二段中的关键句Scientists at the University f Arizna fund that yur phne is ten times dirtier than mst tilet seats.Ww，unbelievable! （亚利桑那大学的科学家发现，你的手机比大多数马桶座圈脏十倍。哇，令人难以置信！）可知，作者认为科学家的发现令人难以置信。所以可推断出他个人对此非常震惊。A．Persnally astnishing.个人感到惊讶的；B．Statistically dubtful.统计上令人怀疑的；C．Scientifically supprtive.科学上支持的；D．Psychlgically frightening.心理上令人恐惧的。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。由本文第二段中的关键句Health-care experts stress that washing yur hands frequently with sap and water is the best defense against the spread f germs. （卫生保健专家强调，经常用肥皂和水洗手是防止细菌传播的最好方法。）可推断出最好的防止细菌的方法是勤洗手。故选A。
（4）段落大意题。由本文最后一段中The germs n ur phnes can als lead t the develpment f acne （粉刺） and blackheads n yur face.When yur phne is pressed against yur face while yu're n a call，the surface f ur skin warms up，pening up ur pre （毛孔）.The germs then gets int yur pres，causing skin irritatin.Meanwhile，there are sme ther germs spreading items yu're prbably carrying right nw. （我们手机上的细菌也会导致你脸上长痘痘和黑眼圈。当你打电话时，手机压在脸上，我们的皮肤表面就会变暖，打开我们的毛孔。然后细菌进入你的毛孔，引起皮肤刺激。同时，你现在可能还携带一些其他细菌传播物品。）可知，最后一段主要描述了手机上的细菌是如何影响我们面部皮肤的。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了我们日常使用的手机实际上充满了细菌，虽然我们常洗手，但是会忘记清洁手机屏幕，导致细菌滋生，而这些细菌会影响我们脸部的皮肤。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。
16~20.【答案】F、B、D、E、G
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句If，like me，yu have recently entered that perid f life knwn as middle age，take ntice：Yu can n lnger tell yurself that yu might mve t Lisbn，learn Prtuguese，and take up the guitar.（如果你像我一样，刚刚步入中年，请注意：你不能再对自己说，你可能会搬到里斯本，学习葡萄牙语，拿起吉他）；以及后文介绍的一些指导生活的规则，可知F项"但你可以遵循一些简单的规则来指导你的生活"可以承接前文步入中年的话题，引出后文的指导生活的规则，rules是原词复现。故选F。
（2）主题判断题。根据后句Mean is easy；kind is hard（刻薄容易，善良很难），可知B项"首先，要善良"可以作为本段的主题，建议要善良，引出后文具体的解释。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据前句Mastery is bredm（精通就是无聊），可知D项"不幸的是，我们喜欢当大师的感觉"和前文形成转折关系，masters是Mastery同根词。故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据前句Nine times ut ften，yu'll be bred and g hme early（经常外出九次，你就会觉得无聊，然后早早回家），可知E项"但第十次，你会有一个有价值的经验"可以与前文形成转折关系，the tenth time呼应Nine times。故选E。
（5）推理判断题。根据主题句Be grateful（心存感激）；以及前文Yu have been given 2 billin secnds n this planet，give r take.Yu wn't get a refund （退款） frm the universe fr the secnds yu spent cmplaining abut the unfairness（在这个星球上你被给予了大约20亿秒的时间。你花在抱怨不公平上的时间是不会从宇宙那里得到退款的），可知G项"因此，无论生活中发生什么，你都应该心存感激"可以承接主题，和前句构成因果关系，强调要心存感激。故选G。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一些人们无论什么年龄和生活阶段都应该遵循的生活规则。
这个题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有帮助。
21~35.【答案】
【解析】
36.【答案】【小题1】T save
【小题2】a
【小题3】Vides
【小题4】praising
【小题5】healthy
【小题6】appeals
【小题7】and
【小题8】less
【小题9】where
【小题10】cnvenience
【解析】（1）考查动词不定式。句意：为了省钱，他们通常在周五晚上乘坐普通列车，周六早上到达目的地城市，在城里自由旅行，周六在一家24小时营业的餐馆睡几个小时，然后在周日重复同样繁忙的日程，然后在周一早上及时返回学校上课。此处作目的作状语，故使用动词不定式。句首单词首字母大写。故填T save。
（2）考查冠词。句意：为了省钱，他们通常在周五晚上乘坐普通列车，周六早上到达目的地城市，在城里自由旅行，周六在一家24小时营业的餐馆睡几个小时，然后在周日重复同样繁忙的日程，然后在周一早上及时返回学校上课。表示"一家24小时营业的餐馆"，为泛指，同时24-hur是以辅音音素开头的，用不定冠词a。故填a。
（3）考查可数名词的复数。句意：他们旅行的视频在社交媒体平台上走红，许多网友称赞他们的精力和执行计划的能力。设空处使用名词作主语，此处表示复数意义用vides。句首单词首字母大写，首字母大写。故填Vides。
（4）考查现在分词。句意：他们旅行的视频在社交媒体平台上走红，许多网友称赞他们的精力和执行计划的能力。句中宾语netizens与非谓语动词praise之间是主动关系，句中构成with的复合结构，即with sb.ding sth.的结构，该结构中使用现在分词作宾补。故填praising。
（5）考查形容词。句意：然而，也有人质疑如此繁忙的日程是否健康。设空处使用形容词作表语，healthy意为"健康的"，符合语境。故填healthy。
（6）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：根据教授们的说法，"特种兵式"旅行的趋势本质上是一种吸引特定人群的穷游形式。设空处使用动词作that引导定语从句的谓语动词，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，从句主语that指代先行词a frm f budget travel，从句主语单数，从句谓语单数形式。故填appeals。
（7）考查连词。句意：据报道，对于许多预算和时间有限的大学生来说，探索世界和独立旅行的愿望是一个基本动机。分析句子，此处使用连词连接explre the wrld和travel independently，此处表示并列关系，用并列连词and。故填and。
（8）考查形容词。句意：这些年轻的旅行者不太关心深度体验，而是更专注于在他们的行程中查看热门的旅游目的地。分析句子，根据后文的mre可知，此处使用的是little的比较级形式。故填less。
（9）考查定语从句。句意：这导致了一种旅游类型的出现，在这种类型的旅游中，旅游者愿意牺牲舒适和奢华，以换取负担得起和方便。设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词turism，表示"在这种旅游中"，用关系副词where。故填where。
（10）考查名词。句意：这导致了一种旅游类型的出现，在这种类型的旅游中，旅游者愿意牺牲舒适和奢华，以换取负担得起和方便。设空处使用不可数名词cnvenience作宾语，与名词affrdability构成并列结构。故填cnvenience。
这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了中国大学生中出现了一种名为"特种兵式旅游"的旅游方式，这种旅游方式是一种预算旅游，吸引了特定群体的人。这种旅游类型的出现，旅行者愿意为经济实惠和便利而牺牲舒适和奢华。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Dear Mr Brwn，
Hearing that yu're leaving China sn，I'm writing t express my sincere gratitude.（写信目的）
Never ever will I frget the precius mments we spent tgether and the great help yu gave me，whether in study r life.I can well remember there was a time when I had truble in learning English.【高分句型一】（美好回忆）It is yu wh helped me and taught me hw t grasp the basic skills f learning English，especially in listening and prnunciatin.But fr yur patient and generus assistance，I wuldn't have made such prgress in English.【高分句型二】（感激与祝福）
Wrds fail t express my thanks.Wish yu a happy life and a pleasant jurney!（祝福）
Yurs， Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一 I can well remember there was a time when I had truble in learning English.
翻译：我清楚地记得有一段时间我在学习英语时遇到了困难。
分析：句中使用了when引导的定语从句。
高分句型二 But fr yur patient and generus assistance，I wuldn't have made such prgress in English.
翻译：要不是你的耐心和慷慨帮助，我在英语方面不会有这么大的进步。
分析：句中使用了But fr引起的虚拟语气结构。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】Paragraph 1：
On the perfrmance day，I felt nervus as her turn neared.After a series f perfrmances，it was finally my sister's turn t step nt the stage.When the blinding sptlights hit her，a lump frmed in my thrat.She avided direct eye cntact with the audience，and spent a whle minute just annuncing her name and class，making peple restless and causing a ripple f whispers t spread acrss the rm.【高分句型一】Seeing her struggle up there，a wave f cncern washed ver me and my palms began t sweat.I decided t d smething t help her regain cnfidence.（姐姐演出时遇到的困难，以及观众的反应和作者的心理）
Paragraph 2：
I std up，gestured，and called ut， "Start yur sng，sister!Yu can d it!"Our eyes met and I culd see a spark f surprise light up in her eyes.Inspired by my wrds，she began her sng with a unique meldy written by herself. 【高分句型二】Her vice，surprisingly amazing and pwerful，filled the rm.The sng stirred my past memries with my sister.Despite my embarrassment and unwillingness，she had always frgiven me.The audience's thunderus applause snapped me back.Overwhelmed with a sense f pride and respect，I was eager t intrduce my amazing sister t everyne I knew.（姐姐听到作者鼓励后成功的演出，以及作者事后的感悟和体会）
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，得益于父母的努力，作者拥有一个平静的童年，在十岁之前都没有察觉到自己姐姐与众不同的事实——她患有阿斯伯格综合征。到了十岁的时候，作者逐渐察觉到这种不同，自己有正常的社交生活，而姐姐在社交互动方面有困难。因为无法忍受别人奇怪的眼神，作者虽然和姐姐在同一所学校，但没有公开承认过自己和姐姐的关系。小学六年级即将毕业的时候，姐姐必须参与毕业表演，因为社交困难，她决定独唱一首自己写的歌。作者觉得这样会让自己很难堪，于是提出反对，但父母支持她的决定。
高分句型一
She avided direct eye cntact with the audience，and spent a whle minute just annuncing her name and class，making peple restless and causing a ripple f whispers t spread acrss the rm.
翻译：她避免与观众有直接的目光接触，花了整整一分钟的时间来宣布她的名字和班级，这让人们感到不安，并在整个房间里引起了一阵窃窃私语。
分析：使用了现在分词短语making peple restless and causing a ripple f whispers t spread acrss the rm作结果状语。
高分句型二
Inspired by my wrds，she began her sng with a unique meldy written by herself.
翻译：受到我这句话的启发，她以自己谱写的独特旋律开始了她的歌曲。
分析：使用了过去分词短语Inspired by my wrds作原因状语、过去分词短语written by herself作meldy的后置定语。
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。