2022-2023学年辽宁省葫芦岛市联考高一(下)期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)
展开一、阅读理解:本大题共15小题,共37.5分。
A
High schl prgrams at the Natinal Gallery f Art value depth ver breadth,explring riginal wrks f art thrugh a single specific questin r theme.
High Schl Studi Wrkshps
Single museum visit,2.5 hurs
Grades 9—12
These half-day art wrkshps include an in-depth examinatin and discussin f wrks f art in the galleries,fllwed by behind-the-scenes access t the Educatin Studi,where students create a related art prject.
During the wrkshp,Natinal Gallery f Art educatrs will encurage students t lk carefully at wrks f art and then share their respnses and develp theries based n their bservatins.
Students will have the pprtunity t create a wrk f art in the studi inspired by what they have seen in the galleries.
Museum Makers:Explring Art and Museums
Grades 11—12
The Museum Makers prgram explains hw museums perate and what they have t ffer.It gives upper-level high schl students the tls t experience,understand and interpret art.Participants will gain an insider's view f hw an art museum wrks.
Students meet fr seven Saturday sessins frm 10:00 am t 3:00 pm.Cmpletin f the prgram requires attendance f all seven sessins.
Creative Writing in the Galleries
Grades 7—12,90 minutes
Students will prvide a vice fr their persnal respnses t art thrugh creative writing while lking at a selectin f artwrks in the galleries.Using clse bservatin,grup discussin,and persnal reflectin,they will be guided thrugh exercises that use different writing frms,including free-frm petry.
A maximum f 30 students (minimum f 15)will be accmmdated (容纳) at each sessin.
1.What can students d at High Schl Studi Wrkshps? ______
A. Discuss with artists abut their wrks.
B. Get basic training as an artist.
C. Put frward their wn art theries.
D. Learn abut the artists' inspiratin fr their famus wrks.
2.What can students get frm Museum Makers:Explring Art and Museums? ______
A. Tls t create artwrks.
B. Knwledge abut hw museums wrk.
C. Academic credit after cmpleting all f the sessins.
D. Experience f running a museum.
3.Which f the fllwing grups can attend Creative Writing in the Galleries? ______
A. 25 cllege students.B. Tw families f fur.
C. 30 tenth grade students.D. 40 high schl students.
B
A Gergia mm is winning praise fr the way she's teaching her children,aged 13,10 and 6,abut mney.
Shaketha McGiregr,a single mther in Dublin,Gergia,knew she needed a slutin after frequent requests frm her three kids fr things like new tys and mney t d things with their friends.
She came up with the unique idea t hst a "jb fair(就业展览)"fr her three children,Jahkeem,in seventh grade,Takeia,in fifth grade,and Serinity,in first grade.The three psitins at the jb fair were the kitchen manager,lead husekeeper and laundry supervisr(洗衣房主管).Children had t earn their pcket mney by ding a jb.
Jahkeem,Takeia and Serinity each picked the jb they wanted t apply fr,filled ut the applicatin and had interviews with their emplyer-their mm.
"My ldest and my yungest bth applied fr the lead husekeeper," MeGregr said. "As t my 6-yearld daughter Serinity,I was mre impressed with her applicatin and her interview than my 13-year-ld sn Jahkeem."
"I want them t be familiar with the prcess when they are lder," she said. "Whether they're applying t a schl r fr a new jb,they can lk back and say, "I did this with Mm years ag." As a parent yu want t prtect yur children as much as pssible,but yu knw that eventually they'll have t experience it n their wn and a child's greatest lessn in life is ging thrugh the prcess.
McGireg's pst n Facebk where she shared her jb fair idea nw has mre than 200,000 likes.She said she hped it inspired ther parents t think utside f the bx and let their kids' vices be heard. "What I'm realizing is that kids just want t be part f smething.The first-hand experience is the best way t educate children," McGregr said.
4.What d yu knw abut McGregr's slutin? ______
A. It is creative.B. It's uninteresting.
C. It is strange.D. It's traditinal.
5.Hw can Takeia get the new ty she wants accrding t the passage? ______
A. By ding husewrk.B. By behaving well.
C. By getting gd marks.D. By listening t McGregr.
6.What can we infer frm the result f the jb fair? ______
A. Serinity was awarded a new ty.
B. Serinity gt the psitin as a kitchen manager.
C. Takeia became the lead husekeeper at the fair.
D. Jahkeem didn't get the jb he had applied fr.
7.What d we knw frm the last paragraph? ______
A. Children shuld always listen t their parents views.
B. Parents shuld pay their children fr anything.
C. MeGregr's pst is well received nline.
D. McGregr's idea is suitable fr all families.
C
Every year frm May t July,tens f thusands f Tibetan antelpes frm regins in Qinghai,Tibet autnmus regin,and Xinjiang autnmus regin make their way t Hh Xil nature reserve in Qinghai t give birth.The mthers and newbrn Tibetan antelpes make the return trip arund August accrding t CCTV News.
This jurney is rather tugh.Mre than 90 percent f the female animals give birth every year,but nly abut 30 percent f the newbrns survive.Many f the baby antelpes die n the return jurney,unable t resist the predatrs (捕食者) and disease,reprted China Daily.The gvernment has adpted sme high-tech methds t assist in the safe return f newbrn antelpes and prtect the species.
In 2013,with the help f the BeiDu Navigatin Satellite System,researchers discvered and cnfirmed the largest Tibetan antelpe "birth rm" n the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,and they mapped the migratin (迁徙) rutes f Tibetan antelpes.Since late 2018,a slar-pwered drne (无人机) has been used t mnitr the migratin herds (群体), Xi'an Daily reprted. "The slar-pwered drne has a strng endurance and carries high-reslutin cameras,which gives us a new understanding f many specific rutes during the migratin f Tibetan antelpes," Wu Xiamin,an expert frm the Shaanxi Institute f Zlgy,tld Xi'an Daily. "Fr example,the nmads (牧民) put fences n the grassland t prtect the grass,but smetimes these hinderthe nrmal activity f the Tibetan antelpes."
T clear the way fr the Tibetan antelpes,the gvernment f the Tibet has taken actin in recent years t give mre prtected space t wildlife.They relcate nmads frm places at altitudes abve 4,800 meters t ther places in the regin,Wu tld China Daily.
8.What d we knw abut Tibetan antelpes? ______
A. They travel t Hh Xil t find mates.
B. Only 30 percent f them give birth every year.
C. Their yearly trip t Hh Xil takes abut ne mnth.
D. The newbrns are threatened by disease and predatrs.
9.What is the slar-pwered drne mainly used fr? ______
A. Lcating the Tibetan antelpe "birth rm".
B. Mnitring the migrating Tibetan antelpes.
C. Recrding Tibetan antelpes daily activities.
D. Mapping the migratin rutes f Tibetan antelpes.
10.What des the underlined wrd "hinder" in paragraph 4 prbably mean? ______
A. Pay attentin t (smething).
B. Take cntrl f (smething).
C. Cause truble fr (smething).
D. Play an imprtant rle in (smething).
11.Hw des the gvernment prtect Tibetan antelpes? ______
A. By giving them mre safe space.
B. By encuraging nmads t prtect them.
C. By creating new nature reserves fr them.
D. By relcating them t a prtected place.
D
SWG3 is a huge building which hsts majr club nights in Glasgw,Srtland.Recently,it has applied a system called Bdyheat.The system creates renewable energy frm the bdy heat n the building's dance flr.
David Twnsend,wh designed the system,said, "Yu and I just stand here right nw and we're generating abut 100 t 150 watts f energy.When yu start dancing,let's say at a medium pace,yu might be generating like 250 watts.And then if we've gt a big DJ,abslutely playing basslines (低音旋律) and making everyne jump up and dwn,each f us culd be generating 500 t 600 watts f heat energy."
Dancers' heat is then captured frm the danceflr and transferred t a series f 200-meter-deep brehles which can stre heat like a battery.The heat energy then travels back t the heat pumps,is upgraded t a suitable temperature and sent back int SWG3.This will enable peple t cmpletely discnnect the venue's gas,biler,reducing its carbn emissin by abut 70 tns f CO2 a year.
The Bdy heat system csts ver £600,000 t setup. "If we were t apply the typical air cnditining that is usually used,ur csts wuld prbably be abut 10% f that---s £60,000," SWG3 managing directr Andrew Fleming-Brwn said. "But in the lng run,the savings n energy bills will get the spending back in abut five years,depending n csts.
"If we can make it wrk here in this envirnment,there's n reasn why we can't take it t ther venues,nt just herein Sctland and the UK,but acrss Eurpe and further areas," Fleming-Brwn said,adding that intrducing the system was a leap f faith and that the venue nce prmised t achieve "net-zer" carbn emissins by 2025.
12.Hw much energy can tw peple dancing at a medium pace make? ______
A. Abut 200 t 300 watts.B. Abut 250 watts.
C. Abut 500 watts.D. Abut 1,000 t 1,200 watts.
13.What is the functin f the brehles? ______
A. T stre dancers' heat.
B. T capture dancers' heat.
C. T send heat energy back t SWG3.
D. T upgrade heat energy t a suitable temperature.
14.Which des Fleming-Brwn think f their use f Bdy heat? ______
A. It is nt safe.B. It is far-sighted.
C. It is duble-edged.D. It is nt cst-effective.
15.What may Fleming-Brwn d in the future? ______
A. Build mre venues with Bdy heat.
B. Supprt Bdy heat with grants(拨款).
C. Get invlved in the research n Bdyheat.
D. Recmmend Bdy heat t ther venues.
二、阅读七选五:本大题共5小题,共12.5分。
三、完形填空:本大题共15小题,共15分。
My brther and I were driving hme tgether and started talking.Because f this distractin,my brther tk a wrng (1) ______ .
Unfrtunately,the mistake tk us tward a bridge and we had n way f turning back.My brther had t (2) ______ t crss.He was clearly (3) ______ by the mistake and the needless waste f $ 4.
As we drve frward,my brther nticed a beat-up (破旧的) black Mustang (福特野马汽车)( 4) ______ t the side f the rad.A yung guy was standing nearby trying t phne smene.I was busy trying t figure ut which way we went next but my brther stpped and asked the guy if he needed any help.And he did.He had a(an)( 5) ______ tire.
My brther helped him change the flat.We started getting t (6) ______ the yung man wh was frm a rugh (危险的) neighbrhd nearby.He said that this has been a bad week fr him;( 7) ______ he had gtten int a minr car accident,and nw this flat n his way hme frm wrk.But he called us "a (8) ______ f fresh air" and kept thanking us because he really wuld have been (9) ______ if we hadn't cme alng.After we had finished the jb,he thanked us again and pulled ut $20 t try t give it t us. "N," I said. "We were never suppsed t even get n that bridge.We tk a wrng turn.But nw we knw(10) ______ we did.It was t help yu.Thank yu fr turning ur mistake int an pprtunity t(11) ______ ."$
What I(12) ______ mst was watching my brther thrughut this prcess.He was able t turn his annyance ver the mistake int(13) ______ energy.He was able t see a(14) ______ t help (which I ttally missed!) even in an therwise negative situatin,which can nly cme frm a calm mind and an pen heart.That was the(15) ______ we were meant t crss.
21.A. ideaB. turnC. destinatinD. car
22.A. runB. lineC. walkD. pay
23.A. annyedB. excitedC. surprisedD. delighted
24.A. pull backB. pull verC. pull nD. pull ff
25.A. extraB. newC. ldD. flat
26.A. admireB. rememberC. knwD. recgnize
27.A. laterB. earlierC. snD. ften
28.A. lightB. bxC. bttleD. breath
29.A. stuckB. rescuedC. thrwnD. lst
30.A. whenB. hwC. whyD. where
31.A. annyB. appreciateC. serveD. regret
32.A. lvedB. hatedC. dislikedD. imagined
33.A. bjectiveB. infiniteC. alarmingD. psitive
34.A. ideaB. chiceC. chanceD. thery
35.A. bridgeB. friendshipC. highwayD. barrier
四、语法填空:本大题共1小题,共15分。
36. The "sur and spicy shredded ptat" (酸辣土豆丝) is a typical hme cking dish in China,( 1) ______ is seen frequently at hme and in restaurants because f the simple cking methd.Althugh it belngs t Sichuan cuisine,the dish nw is (2) ______ favrite chice fr many diners all ver China.Its flavr can be flexibly adjusted by adding different (3) ______ ( amunt) f peppers and vinegar.The nly main ingredient (原料),ptat,is (4) ______ ( reasnable) priced in all seasns.When (5) ______ ( ck) well,it lks bright and the ptat shreds are clear and crisp with sur and spicy taste.It (6) ______ ( win) the fnd f the majrity f peple in China and been evaluated (7) ______ ne f the best matches fr rice.Here is the way f (8) ______ ( it) cking.
Wash the ptates and remve the skin.Cut them int thin and similar shreds.Put in salt water fr a few minutes (9) ______ ( remve) the starch (淀粉) and clean them well.Heat the il in a pan.Add and fry green nin and dried peppers befre adding the ptat.Then add all the ther ingredients (10) ______ ( include) white vinegar,peppers and salt.Fry until the ptat is well cked.Yu shuld be careful that yu d nt verck the ptates.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达:本大题共2小题,共40分。
37.假设你是李华,你的英国朋友Henry将去中国朋友家做客,发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件。内容包括:
( 1)到达时间;
( 2)合适的礼物;
( 3)餐桌礼仪。
注意:词数 100左右;可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Henry,
Yurs,
Li Hua
38.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A New Additin t the Family
Fr the initial ten years f his life, Victr was the prince f the husehld. As he was an nly child, his parents petted him and shwered all their lve and attentin n him. Whatever tys his parents bught, they were always meant fr him. Whatever fd was in the refrigeratr, there was n ne t cmpete with him t plish it ff first. Victr culd leave his tys r bks arund the huse with cmplete ease f mind, knwing that there was n ne wh wuld get their hands n his belngings and cause any damage.
Hwever, all that was t change vernight when Victr's parents brught back his new baby sister, Lina, frm the hspital. With her rsy cheeks, wide pen eyes and angelic smile, Lina caught the hearts f her parents, grandparents and relatives. Everyne fcused their attentin n the cute bunch f jy. Whenever she cried, her mther r father wuld rush t her bed. She simply cried because she wanted t be carried. There was little time left fr Victr.
Nw that Victr's mther had his baby sister t take care f, she expected Victr himself t d mst f the chres he can d. Victr was asked t clean his wn rm, irn his wn schl unifrm and clean his wn shes. Befre Lina's arrival, he had never lifted a finger t help ut with these tasks. The whle family als went ut less because it was unhealthy t expse Lina t the bacteria(细菌) being in the utside wrld t ften.
Victr felt neglected by his parents. He felt that they lved Lina mre than him. As a result, he tried t attract his parents' attentin by becming resistant. One evening, Victr's parents were called up by his teacher because Victr had gt int a fight at schl. His teacher had nticed Victr's behaviur and wrk attitude changing dwnwards in the past tw mnths. Befre that, he had been a mdel student.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Upn hearing the teacher's feedback, Victr's parents gt lst in thught.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Victr realized that his parents still cared fr him.
____________________________________________________________________
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答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、B、C
【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据High Schl Studi Wrkshps部分During the wrkshp,Natinal Gallery f Art educatrs will encurage students t lk carefully at wrks f art and then share their respnses and develp theries based n their bservatins.(在研讨会期间,国家美术馆的教育工作者将鼓励学生仔细观察艺术作品,然后分享他们的反应,并根据他们的观察发展理论。)可知,在High Schl Studi Wrkshps,学生们可以提出自己的艺术理论。故选C。
(2)细节理解题。根据Museum Makers:Explring Art and Museums部分Participants will gain an insider's view f hw an art museum wrks.(参与者将从局内人的角度了解艺术博物馆是如何运作的。)可知,在Museum Makers:Explring Art and Museums学生们可以了解到美术馆的内部运作方式。故选B。
(3)推理判断题。根据Creative Writing in the Galleries部分Grades 7-12,90 minutes(7-12年级,90分钟)和A maximum f 30 students (minimum f 15)will be accmmdated(容纳)at each sessin.(每节课最多可容纳30名学生(最少15名)。)可知,10年级,30个人的学生群体可以参加Creative Writing in the Galleries课程。故选C。
本文是应用文。文章主要介绍3个高中学生可以通过一个特定的问题或主题来探索原创艺术作品的地方。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。
4~7.【答案】A、A、D、C
【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据文章第三段She came up with the unique idea t hst a"jb fair"fr her three children,Jahkeem,in seventh grade,Takeia,in fifth grade,and Serinity,in first grade.(她想出了一个独特的主意,为她的三个孩子举办一场"招聘会",他们分别是七年级的Jahkeem、五年级的Takeia和一年级的Serinity。)可知,这种举行家庭工作招聘会的方法有创意。故选A。
(2)推理判断题。根据文章第三段The three psitins at the jb fair were the kitchen manager,lead husekeeper and laundry supervisr(洗衣房主管).Children had t earn their pcket mney by ding a jb.招聘会上的三个职位分别是厨房经理、首席管家和洗衣房主管。孩子们不得不通过工作来赚取零花钱。)可知,Takeia如果想要得到一个新的玩具,她只有通过工作来赚钱买玩具。故选A。
(3)推理判断题。根据第五段"My ldest and my yungest bth applied fr the lead husekeeper,"MeGregr said."As t my 6-year-ld daughter Serinity,I was mre impressed with her applicatin and her interview than my 13-year-ld sn Jahkeem."("我最大的孩子和最小的孩子都申请了首席管家的职位,"McGregr说。"至于我6岁的女儿Serinity,我对她的申请和面试印象比我13岁的儿子Jahkeem更深刻。")可知,Jahkeem没有得到申请的职位。故选D。
(4)细节理解题。根据文章最后一段MeGregr's pst n Facebk where she shared her jb fair idea nw has mre than 200,000 likes.(MeGregr在脸书上分享了她招聘会的想法,现在已经有20多万个赞了。)可知,她的帖子在网络上受到一致好评。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了三个孩子的母亲Shaketha McGregr被孩子们的物质需求弄得焦头烂额,对此她想出了举办家务工作招聘会的点子,让孩子们通过竞争家务工作的职位来赚取零花钱,这个创意获得了网友们的一致好评。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据。
8~11.【答案】D、B、C、A
【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第二段Mre than 90 percent f the female animals give birth every year,but nly abut 30 percent f the newbrns survive.Many f the baby antelpes die n the return jurney,unable t resist the predatrs (捕食者) and disease,reprted China Daily.(每年有超过90%的雌性动物分娩,但只有大约30%的新生儿存活下来。据《中国日报》报道,许多小羚羊在返回途中因无法抵抗捕食者和疾病而死亡。)可知,新生藏羚羊会受到掠食者和疾病的威胁。故选D。
(2)细节理解题。根据第三段Since late 2018,a slar-pwered drne (无人机) has been used t mnitr the migratin herds (群体), Xi'an Daily reprted.(据《西安日报》报道,自2018年底以来,一架太阳能无人机一直用于监测迁徙的群体。)可知,太阳能无人机的使用主要是用于监测迁徙的藏羚羊群。故选B。
(3)词义猜测题。根据第三段the nmads (牧民) put fences n the grassland t prtect the grass(游牧民族在草原上筑起了栅栏俩保护草地)和转折词but以及第四段T clear the way fr the Tibetan antelpes(为藏羚羊扫清道路)可知,牧民设置的保护草地的栅栏却成为了藏羚羊正常活动的障碍,所以政府采取行动来给藏羚羊扫清道路上的障碍。所以划线词hinder指"妨碍,阻碍"。A.Pay attentin t (smething)注意;B.Take cntrl f (smething)控制;C.Cause truble fr (smething)制造麻烦;D.Play an imprtant rle in (smething)在……中扮演重要角色。故选C。
(4)细节理解题。根据第四段T clear the way fr the Tibetan antelpes,the gvernment f the Tibet has taken actin in recent years t give mre prtected space t wildlife.They relcate nmads frm places at altitudes abve 4,800 meters t ther places in the regin,Wu tld China Daily.(吴告诉《中国日报》,为了给藏羚羊扫清道路,西藏政府近年来采取了行动,给予野生动物更多的保护空间。他们将游牧民族从海拔4800米以上的地方迁移到该地区的其他地方。)可知,为了保护藏羚羊,政府近年来采取行动,把牧民从海拔4800米以上的地方迁移到该地区的其他地方,为藏羚羊提供了更多的保护空间。故选A。
这是一篇新闻报道,主要讲的是藏羚羊作为自然生态系统的重要指示物种,为了保护藏羚羊,政府近些年来实施了保护行动,为这些动物提供了更多的保护空间。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。
12~15.【答案】C、A、B、D
【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第二段的When yu start dancing,let's say at a medium pace,yu might be generating like 250 watts. (当你开始跳舞的时候,比如以中等速度,你可能会产生250瓦的能量)可知,如果两个人以中等速度跳舞可以产生大约500瓦能量。故选C。
(2)细节理解题。根据第三段的Dancers' heat is then captured frm the dance flr and transferred t a series f 200-meter-deep brehles which can stre heat like a battery.(舞者的热量从舞池中被捕获,并转移到一系列200米深的钻孔中,这些钻孔可以像电池一样储存热量)可知,钻孔的作用是储存舞者产生的热量。故选A。
(3)观点态度题。根据第四段的"If we were t apply the typical air cnditining that is usually used,ur csts wuld prbably be abut 10% f that s 60,000 punds," SWG3 managing directr Andrew Fleming-Brwn said. "But in the lng run,the savings n energy bills will get the spending back in abut five years,depending n csts."(SWG3总经理Fleming-Brwn说:"如果我们采用通常使用的典型空调,我们的成本可能只有10%左右,也就是6万英镑。""但从长远来看,能源账单上的节省将在大约五年内收回支出,具体取决于成本。")可知,虽然与安装普通空调相比,Bdyheat系统的投入更大,但对能源的节省将在大约五年内收回支出。说明Fleming-Brwn认为他们对Bdyheat的使用是有远见的。A.It is nt safe.这不安全;B.It is far-sighted.这是有远见的;C.It is duble-edged.这是一把双刃剑;D.It is nt cst-effective.不划算。故选B。
(4)细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的"If we can make it wrk here in this envirnment,there's n reasn why we can't take it t ther venues,nt just here in Sctland and the UK,but acrss Eurpe and further areas," Fleming-Brwn said(Fleming-Brwn说:"如果我们能让它在这里的环境中发挥作用,我们没有理由不能把它带到其他地方,不仅是在苏格兰和英国,而是在整个欧洲和更远的地区。")推知,未来Fleming-Brwn会向其他场所推荐Bdyheat。故选D。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍SWG3应用了一种名为Bdyheat的系统。该系统从建筑物舞池的身体热量中产生可再生能源。
一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
二、看题干,带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】
【解析】
21~35.【答案】B、D、A、B、D、C、B、D、A、C、C、A、D、C、A
【解析】(1)考查名词及语境理解。A.idea想法;B.turn拐弯;C.destinatin目的地;D.car汽车。句意:因为这种分心,我哥哥拐错了弯。根据下文"We tk a wrng turn"可知,作者的哥哥拐错了弯。故选B。
(2)考查动词及语境理解。A.run跑;B.line沿……形成行(或列、排);C.walk走路;D.pay支付。句意:我哥哥必须付钱才能过桥。根据下文"the needless waste f 4"可知,作者的哥哥要付钱才能过桥。故选D。
(3)考查形容词及语境理解。A.annyed恼怒的;B.excited激动的;C.surprised惊讶的;D.delighted高兴的。句意:他显然对这个错误和不必要的4美元浪费感到恼火。根据下文"the needless waste f $ 4"可知,本来作者的哥哥不需要付那4美元,由于他自己分心,所以浪费了这4美元,他肯定对此感到恼怒。且下文"He was able t turn his annyance "也是提示。故选A。
(4)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.pull back撤退;B.pull ver靠边停车;C.pull n穿;D.pull ff成功完成。句意:当我们向前行驶时,我哥哥注意到一辆破旧的黑色野马停在路边。根据下文"My brther helped him change the flat"可知,那辆野马爆胎了,所以就停在路边。故选B。
(5)考查形容词及语境理解。A.extra额外的;B.new新的;C.ld老的;D.flat(轮胎)没气的,瘪的。句意:他的轮胎爆了。根据下文"My brther helped him change the flat"可知,那辆野马车的轮胎爆了,没气了。故选D。
(6)考查动词及语境理解。A.admire钦佩,仰慕;B.remember记得;C.knw了解;D.recgnize识别。句意:我哥哥帮他换了房子。我们开始了解这个年轻人,他来自附近一个贫困的社区。根据下文"wh was frm a rugh (危险的) neighbrhd nearby"可知,作者和哥哥了解那个年轻人的情况,知道了他来自于哪里。故选C。
(7)考查副词及语境理解。A.later后来,随后;B.earlier早些时候;C.sn很快;D.ften经常。句意:他说这一周他过得很糟糕;早些时候他出了一场小车祸,现在又在下班回家的路上住进了公寓。根据下文"he had gtten int a minr car accident,and nw this flat n his way hme frm wrk"可知,此处是和"现在"对比,说明是早些时候他出了一场小车祸。故选B。
(8)考查名词及语境理解。A.light光,灯;B.bx盒,箱;C.bttle瓶子;D.breath一次吸入的空气。句意:但他称我们为"一股新鲜空气",并不断感谢我们,因为如果我们不来,他真的会被困住。根据下文"fresh air"可知,此处是指受到帮助的年轻人赞美作者和哥哥,认为他们是自己糟糕的生活中"一股新鲜的空气"。a breath f fresh air"一股新鲜的空气"。故选D。
(9)考查动词及语境理解。A.stuck卡住,困住;B.rescued救;C.thrwn扔;D.lst丢失。句意:但他称我们为"一股新鲜空气",并不断感谢我们,因为如果我们不来,他真的会被困住。根据上文"My brther helped him change the flat"和下文"if we hadn't cme alng"可知,作者的哥哥帮那个年轻人换轮胎了,所以如果作者和哥哥不来,那个年轻人就会被困在那里。故选A。
(10)考查连词及语境理解。A.when当……的时候;B.hw如何;C.why为什么;D.where在哪里。句意:但现在我们知道为什么了。根据下文"It was t help yu"可知,此处是说作者和哥哥明白了拐错弯是为了帮助那个年轻人,也就是知道了为什么会拐错弯,因此用why引导宾语从句。故选C。
(11)考查动词及语境理解。A.anny使恼怒;B.appreciate欣赏;C.serve服务;D.regret后悔。句意:感谢你们把我们的错误变成了为他人服务的机会。根据上文"It was t help yu"可知,作者觉得拐错弯是为了帮助那个年轻人,帮助那个年轻人就是为年轻人服务。故选C。
(12)考查动词及语境理解。A.lved爱;B.hated讨厌;C.disliked不喜欢;D.imagined想象。句意:我最喜欢的是看着我哥哥经历这个过程。根据上文"My brther helped him change the flat"和下文"watching my brther thrughut this prcess"可知,作者的哥哥帮年轻人换了轮胎,作者看了全过程,且由下文"He was able t turn his annyance ver the mistake int ___13__ energy"可知,作者的哥哥把自己的愤怒转变成了力量,所以作者很喜欢。故选A。
(13)考查形容词及语境理解。A.bjective客观的;B.infinite无限的;C.alarming令人担忧的;D.psitive积极的。句意:他能把对错误的恼怒转化为积极的能量。根据下文"t help"可知,他给年轻人帮忙就是把恼怒转变成了积极的力量。故选D。
(14)考查名词及语境理解。A.idea想法;B.chice选择;C.chance机会;D.thery理论。句意:即使是在消极的情况下,他也能看到帮助的机会(我完全错过了!),这只能来自于冷静的头脑和开放的心。根据第三段"I was busy trying t figure ut which way we went next but my brther stpped and asked the guy if he needed any help"可知,作者当时只是找路,而作者哥哥却找帮助人的机会。故选C。
(15)考查名词及语境理解。A.bridge桥;B.friendship友谊;C.highway高速公路;D.barrier障碍。句意:那就是我们要走过的桥。根据第二段的"the mistake tk us tward a bridge"和下文"crss"可知,此处是说跨过一座"桥",就是上文提到的"a calm mind and an pen heart(冷静的头脑和开放的心)"。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲的是作者和哥哥有一天开车回家的时候哥哥由于分心拐错了弯,在重新找路的过程中哥哥看到有一个年轻人的车轮胎爆了,作者的哥哥帮他换轮胎,并把对拐错弯的恼怒转变成了积极的力量。
完形填空题的解题步骤:
1.通读全文,理解大意。重视首句信息,跳过空格,浏览全文,从整体上感知全文,理解文章大意,这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后,避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下,结合各选项的意义和用法,遵循先易后难的原则,先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题,暂时跳过,或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示,或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文,解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格,对全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读,弥补疏漏,全部做好后,务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容,确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】which
【小题2】a
【小题3】amunts
【小题4】reasnably
【小题5】cked
【小题6】has wn
【小题7】as
【小题8】its
【小题9】t remve
【小题10】including
【解析】(1)考查非限制性定语从句。句意:"酸辣土豆丝"是一道典型的中国家常菜,由于烹饪方法简单,在家里和餐馆里都能看到。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是The "sur and spicy shredded ptat",指物,从句缺少主语,应用关系代词which。故填which。
(2)考查冠词。句意:虽然它属于川菜,但现在在中国各地,这道菜是许多食客无法抗拒的选择。chice为可数名词,此处为泛指,且favrite的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。
(3)考查可数名词的复数。句意:它的味道可以通过加入不同数量的辣椒和醋来灵活调整。amunt是可数名词,由different修饰,应用复数形式。故填amunts。
(4)考查副词。句意:唯一的主要原料是土豆,一年四季价格都很合理。修饰动词priced,应用副词reasnably,作状语。故填reasnably。
(5)考查过去分词。句意:煮熟后,色泽鲜亮,土豆丝清脆,酸辣爽口。空处应填非谓语动词和when构成时间状语,ck和逻辑主语it(酸辣土豆丝)之间为被动关系,应用过去分词。故填cked。
(6)考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:它赢得了广大中国人的喜爱,被认为是大米的最佳搭配之一。空处和下文been evaluated是并列的谓语动词,结合语境,陈述过去的动作对现在造成的影响,应用现在完成时,主语it是第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has wn。
(7)考查介词。句意:它赢得了广大中国人的喜爱,被认为是大米的最佳搭配之一。结合句意表示"被认为是"短语为be evaluated as。故填as。
(8)考查形容词性物主代词。句意:这是它的烹饪方法。修饰名词cking,应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
(9)考查动词不定式。句意:放入盐水几分钟,以去除淀粉,并将其清洗干净。分析句子结构可知,remve在句中作目的状语,应用动词不定式。故填t remve。
(10)考查介词。句意:然后加入所有其他配料,包括白醋、辣椒和盐。结合句意和句子结构可知,表示"包括"应用介词including。故填including。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了"酸辣土豆丝"这道菜的重要性以及制作过程。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有:固定的短语,词类的转换,名词的复数形式,副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此,这就需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Dear Henry,
Hw are yu ging ?In yur last letter,yu asked me abut being a guest t a Chinese friend's hme.Nw ,I am writing t infrm yu f sme relevant details.(写信目的)
T begin with ,accrding t ur traditin,yu are suppsed t arrive early,s that yu can help the family prepare the dinner,which is nt nly meaningful but als interesting. 【高分句型一】(到达时间)Besides,yu'd better bring sme gifts,such as a bk r a Chinese knt.(准备合适的礼物)What's mre,when yu are enjying the meal,yu need t avid making nises while chewing fd.【高分句型二】(注意餐桌礼仪)
Hpefully ,these suggestins wuld be helpful fr yu.I have the cnfidence that yu will have a great time.Lking frward t yur gd news.(表达期待)
Best wishes!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一:T begin with,accrding t ur traditin,yu are suppsed t arrive early,s that yu can help the family prepare the dinner,which is nt nly meaningful but als interesting.
翻译:首先,根据我们的传统,你应该提前到达,这样你可以帮助主人家准备晚餐,这不仅有意义,而且有趣。
分析:本句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二:What's mre,when yu are enjying the meal,yu need t avid making nises while chewing fd.
翻译:更重要的是,当你在享受美食时,你需要避免在咀嚼食物时发出噪音。
分析:本句使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系,尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式,同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次,平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
38.【答案】 Upn hearing the teacher's feedback, Victr's parents gt lst in thught. Since their secnd child Linda was brn, they have devted all their attentin t her. T sme degree, they neglected victr's feelings. After all, he wanted t share the lve frm parents with Linda. S they made a decisin that they shuld treat the tw children equally. Gradually, smething changed in the family. After schl Victr ften fund sme delicius fd and new tys n his desk. When he did his hmewrk, his father came t his rm and sat beside him, reading a bk quietly, which made him cmfrtable and warm. At that time, his mther was taking care f his sister Linda. After he finished his hmewrk, his mther asked him t play with Linda. Seeing her sweet smile, he felt s happy.
Victr realized that his parents still cared fr him. S he was determined t help his parents take gd care f his sister. Having finished his hmewrk, he learned t clean their rms and d all the chres that he culd. While his mther was cking, he played with his sister happily. He came t realize that he shuld take respnsibility fr the family because he grew up.
【解析】【思路点拨】
一、文意梳理
【原文大意】
本文以一个小男孩Victr的感受为线索展开,讲述了在Victr的妹妹Linda出生以后,父母将全部的注意力集中到她身上,这让他感到被忽略,因此他用对抗来引起父母的注意。最后父母也意识到这一点,就做出改变,让Victr重新感受到父母的爱。
【段落续写】
①由第一段首句内容“听到老师的反馈,父母陷入沉思”可知,第一段可描写父母对自己行为的反省。
②由第二段首句内容“Victr意识到父母仍旧关爱他”可知,第二段可描写Victr感受到父母仍旧爱他后的积极行动。
二、线索厘清
【续写线索】
沉思——反省——改变——陪孩子——感受到爱——回报
【词汇激活】
行为类
①全身心投入:devte all ne's attentin t /put ne's heart int
②决定:make a decisin/make up ne's mind
③照看:take care f /lk after
情绪类
①感到高兴:feel happy/feel pleased
②幸福地:happily /merrily
【高分句型】
①S they made a decisin that they shuld treat the tw children equally.(that引导的同位语从句)
②Having finished his hmewrk, he learned t clean their rms and d all the chres that he culd.(动词的-ing形式的完成式作状语;that引导的定语从句)
【亮点词汇】
略
【高分句型】
略
【结构布局】
略
【拓展词汇】
略
【拓展句型】
略
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