2022-2023学年北京市海淀区高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)

这是一份2022-2023学年北京市海淀区高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)，共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，阅读表达，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解：本大题共11小题，共22分。
A
D yu knw smene wh has a hard time pening bttles r jars at hme？Eighth-grade students in Mark Blt's engineering class were tasked with making changes t a prduct t make it easier fr peple with challenges t use.
Rather than requiring step-by-step directins fr creating their prjects，Mr.Blt preferred t leave students' creative paths pen.Let's see sme f the students' prducts.
A Device That Easily Opens Bttles
T find a slutin fr her grandmther wh had difficulty in pening bttles，Alana lked at existing bttle peners and then she created her wn.
She used a piece f wd shaped like a cellphne.Next，she made three hles f different sizes in the wd s that they culd match cmmn bttle cap sizes.Each hle als had a layer f dried，sticky ht glue，which prvided a firm grip fr the bttle caps.With a simple twist f the device，her grandmther culd pen bttles withut help.
A Cffee Cup With A Supprtive "Thumb"
Due t arthritis，a disease that causes pain in r arund the jints，Rbert's grandfather had truble hlding a cffee cup.Rbert simplified a rbtic "third thumb"device created by a Lndn designer.He used rubber bands and a 3 D-printed plastic frm t make the extra "thumb"which can firmly supprt the bttm f a cup.
A Reading Tl
Michael nticed hw dyslexia——a cmmn reading disrder，made it difficult fr a friend t fllw alng n pages full f text.It is a language-prcessing cnditin.The brain tends t cnfuse the rder f numbers，letters and ther images.
S，Michael created a small adjustable windw-blind-style device."My friend culd islate small sectins f text while reading，"he said.
1.Alana's grandmther culd pen bttles easily by ______ .
A. sticking bttle caps t the device
B. cnnecting the device t a cellphne
C. twisting the device that has hles in it
D. cutting hles f different sizes in wd
2.What did Rbert d t help his grandfather？ ______
A. He refrmed a prcess t frm a metal "thumb".
B. He created a simpler"thumb"device in the cup.
C. He added plastic materials t the "thumb"device.
D. He used bands and a 3 D-printed frm t make a"thumb".
3.Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe the students in the passage？ ______
A. Independent and patient.B. Creative and cnsiderate.
C. Ambitius and hardwrking.D. Open-minded and generus.
B
Sprts have been a big part f my life.I played flag ftball in elementary schl and middle schl.In high schl，befre I gt hurt，I was n the swim team and track team.
It was the summer ging int my senir year when I was hit by a car.The dctr infrmed me that there was n hpe f full recvery.As a sixteen-year-ld by，yu have a lt f self-dubts and are trying t find ut wh yu are.S，yu thrw in an accident n tp f that and it kind f threw a lp int things fr me.It was definitely hard，the physical pain f therapy，and learning hw t live life.And there was the emtinal pain，t.The mental suffering f being paralyzed （瘫痪） is mre severe than the physical pain.
When I was in the hspital，ne f the guys frm the University f Wiscnsin （UW） that played n the Whitewater wheelchair basketball team visited.He tld me abut adaptive sprts，and I thught that sunded gd.He gave my infrmatin t the lcal junir wheelchair basketball cach in Milwaukee.I started playing that Octber.
Playing basketball was a really gd thing fr me.It let me see a bunch f different peple in the same situatin as me.It was gd t have a grup f friends fr supprt.
I studied at Suthwest Minnesta State University fr three years and then transferred t UW-Whitewater fr my senir year.I was invited in 2013 t try ut fr the Natinal Team and made it.That was always my gal.A lt f peple wuld ask me what my backup plan was——I didn't have ne，t be hnest.
The Paralympics is the pinnacle f ur sprts.It's been pretty easy fr me t stay mtivated.We were the best team in the 2016 Paralympics.And this team was way t gd just t win ne medal，s I had t be back in 2020.
I'm nt sure right nw abut getting ready fr the 2024 Paralympics.The team is grwing and ging thrugh sme turnver.I hnestly dn't knw what my future hlds.I just want t be arund the peple that I care abut and care abut me—— whether that's n the Natinal Team，r just my friends back hme.They are my security blanket，the gd peple in my life.
Hwever，ne thing I'm sure is that playing basketball is still number ne，with a fcus n the Paralympics.
Nw I am signed as a player with a team ver in Spain and I'm explring what the next chapters f my life might be like.
4.What des the underlined wrd"that"in Paragraph 2 refer t？ ______
A. Being unable t d sprts.
B. Being hit by a car at sixteen.
C. Feeling uncertain abut himself.
D. Suffering physical and mental pains.
5.What helped the authr regain passin fr sprts after the accident？ ______
A. Playing wheelchair basketball.
B. Transfer ring t UW-Whitewater.
C. Trying ut fr the Natinal Team.
D. Winning a medal in the 2016 Paralympics.
6.What can we infer abut the authr？ ______
A. He plans t switch t flag ftball in the future.
B. He will graduate frm UW-Whitewater in 2024.
C. He wants t play basketball at the 2024 Paralympics.
D. He intends t cach wheelchair basketball players in Spain.
7.What's the passage mainly abut？ ______
A. Hw playing basketball empwered the authr.
B. Hw peple arund the authr supprted him.
C. Hw the authr's backup plan shaped him.
D. Hw the authr enjyed his cllege life.
C
Have yu ever bught a new car and started nticing the exact clr and mdel f car everywhere？Has that type f car just becme ppular in yur city？Were they there befre？Or are yu just ging crazy？
Yu're nt ging crazy.The reasn yu are nw just nticing them is what psychlgists call "priming".Basically，the cars were always there.Yu just didn't recgnize them cnsciusly.Hwever，when that certain mdel f car becmes part f yur cnscius thinking，yu start "autmatically"recgnizing all f the ther cars that are the same，because yu are already"primed"t d s.
The priming effect takes many frms.In ne study，students were asked t walk arund a rm fr 5 minutes at a rate f 30 steps per minute，which was abut ne-third their nrmal pace.After this brief experience，the participants were much quicker t recgnize wrds related t ld age，such as frgetful，ld，and lnely. Reciprcal priming effects tend t prduce a cherent reactin：if yu are primed t think f ld age，yu wuld tend t act ld，and acting ld wuld reinfrce the thught f ld age.This research shws that the way we think influences the way we act，and the way we act influences the way we think.
A similar cnclusin was reached by the American psychlgist William James a century ag，but he emphasized the effect n feeling."Actins seem t fllw feeling，but really actins and feeling g tgether；and by regulating the actin，which is under the mre direct cntrl f the will，we can indirectly regulate the feeling，which is nt.Thus the path t cheerfulness，shuld ur cheerfulness be lst，is t sit up cheerfully and t act and speak as if cheerfulness were already there."
S，that's it.If yu want t be happy，just sit up and act happy.Based n these scientific findings，we can adpt certain priming effects t help make urselves cnsistently happier.
One thing we have in cmmn is ur ability t think，and thus feel.Pleasant thughts have been prven t prduce the chemicals that make us feel happy，particularly thughts and feelings f gratitude.When we purpsefully g thrugh and think abut the things we're grateful fr and deliberately feel as much gratitude as we can，we are flding ur mind with the "happy chemicals".Furthermre，by cnsciusly thinking，feeling and expressing gratitude，we will nt nly be happier in the mment，we will be"primed"t recgnize the things in ur life t appreciate.Each time this happens，the"happy chemicals"will be prduced.D this every day and we will becme cnsistently happier.This makes up fr the mmentary happiness we gain frm eating chclate r buying new clthes.Mre than that，cmbining thughts f gratitude with happy acts like smiling and laughing will have a supplementary psitive effect n ur state f mind.
8.Which f the fllwing is an example f the priming effect？ ______
A. Walking much faster after attending a lecture abut ld age.
B. Dnating mney t the pr after seeing pictures f cute cats.
C. Learning abut varius types f cars after purchasing the first car.
D. Cmpleting SO P as SOUP rather than SOAP after seeing the wrd EAT.
9.What des the underlined wrd"reciprcal"in Paragraph 3 prbably mean？ ______
A. Related.B. Tw-way.C. Well-runded.D. Oppsite.
10.What will the authr prbably agree with？ ______
A. Eating r shpping leads t cnsistent feelings f happiness.
B. Our will has greater cntrl ver emtins than ver actins.
C. Happy chemicals make us think abut the things we're grateful fr.
D. Practicing gratitude frequently prepares us fr lng-term happiness.
11.Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage？ ______
A. Prime Yurself t Be Happier.
B. Share Happiness t Enhance Wellbeing.
C. Why Gratitude Is Imprtant in Psychlgy.
D. Hw Happy Chemicals Affect Peple's Thughts.
二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。
Wrking Tgether t Save the Sea Turtles
Flrida has sme f the best beaches in the wrld.Thusands f peple visit the state t enjy the sand.But these beaches are als hme t five species f sea turtles.A majr prblem is facing these interesting creatures.（1） ______ S hw d Flridians prtect these special animals？
Sme vlunteers and researchers in Flrida take direct actin t help the turtles.They lk clsely at the sand t find the fin（鳍） marks the mther sea turtles left there.（2） ______ When they've figured ut where the eggs were laid，they mark the area ff s that n ne disturbs the eggs.They als cllect infrmatin abut the nests and tracks t help peple studying sea turtles.
These are nt the nly Flridians taking actin t help prtect these creatures.Flrida's gvernment has passed laws t save the turtles.One f these laws is"Flrida's Marine Turtle Prtectin Act".This law prhibits anyne frm disturbing r destrying marine turtles，nests，r eggs.（3） ______
Anther way Flridians wrk tgether t save these creatures is thrugh rganizatins like the Sea Turtle Cnservancy.The Sea Turtle Cnservancy helps peple take steps that will help reduce the threats that put sea turtles in danger.Fr instance，bright lights n buildings near the beach can negatively impact sea turtles.Baby sea turtles usually hatch n the sandy beach and head t the cean.When there are bright lights cming frm the ther side f the shre far frm the cean，the baby turtles get cnfused.（4） ______ T help save these turtles，The Sea Turtle Cnservancy wrks with prperty wners t make lighting in their buildings sea turtle-friendly.They als encurage Flrida residents t turn ff their lights at night if they live clse t a beach.
（ 5） ______ Smetimes，turtles mistake plastic bags fr jellyfish.They eat this trash and die.Flrida residents can vlunteer fr beach clean-ups and make sure t pick up their wn litter.They can als vte fr state leaders wh want t prtect the sea turtles' habitats.Every individual in the cmmunity has the pwer t make a difference!
A.Many f them d nt make it t the cean and die.
B.Sme f these turtle species are in danger f ging extinct.
C.This helps them t lcate where the sea turtles laid their eggs.
D.It als helps make sure that sea turtles' natural habitats are prtected.
E.Female sea turtles cme frm the cean and nt these beaches at night.
F.They use their fins t mve back acrss the beach and return t the cean.
G.Every Flridian can d their part t prtect sea turtles and their envirnment.
12.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
13.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
14.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
15.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空：本大题共10小题，共15分。
Sachin invested everything he had and brrwed sme mney frm friends t start his textile business.Despite his best effrts t maintain tp（1） ______ in his prducts，he was nly getting small prjects and the earnings were nt sufficient t（2） ______ its basic cst.His friends started asking fr their mney back，leaving him feeling defeated.One day，while sitting n a farm，Sachin met a farmer wh asked him why he lked s dwn.Sachin explained his business wasn't giving him the（3） ______ he'd hped fr and that he was thinking f selling it.
The farmer then tk Sachin t see a mang tree and a bamb tree.
"Bth the trees were planted at the same time，（4） ______ nurtured with water，fertilizer，and sunshine.In the first tw years，the mang tree grew quickly，while the bamb tree remained relatively drmant （休眠的）.It cntinued fr the third and furth years.In the fifth year，the mang tree started（5） ______ fruits.Still，there were n（6） ______ f grwth in the bamb tree.My fellw farmers tld me nt t waste any time n it.But I never gave up.One week later，there was a（7） ______ grwth in the bamb tree.Then within six weeks，the tree grew t 100 feet.Actually，in the first fur years，it was develping its rt deep undergrund fr a strng base fr utside grwth."
Sachin realized that the same principle（8） ______ his business.He went back t his friends，requested fr mre time and then began explring pprtunities t get big rders.In the third mnth，a（n）（9） ______ rder frm a multinatinal cmpany wrth millins f dllars came in.Sachin and his team delivered the rder n time，maintaining their high standards，and the cmpany cntinued t give them mre rders.Eventually，Sachin's business became highly prfitable，and he（10） ______ all the debts he wed t his friends.
17.A. rankingB. balanceC. qualityD. appearance
18.A. cverB. cutC. manageD. increase
19.A. pprtunitiesB. returnsC. cncernsD. expenses
20.A. hardlyB. equallyC. finallyD. hurriedly
21.A. bearingB. changingC. preservingD. gathering
22.A. signsB. cluesC. patternsD. respnses
23.A. slidB. steadyC. visualD. nticeable
24.A. made upB. turned intC. resulted frmD. applied t
25.A. regularB. rdinaryC. massiveD. familiar
26.A. raisedB. settledC. investedD. cnsumed
四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共10分。
27.
A
Mst peple suffer frm what is knwn as"Just-me-ism".What is that？Well，say yu leave the tap（1） ______ （run） while yu brush yur teeth，leave a light n when yu g ut r yu drp a piece f litter and can't be bthered t pick it up.And all these wuld be very harmful.T inspire yung peple t take actin fr the envirnment，animals and their cmmunity，an institute called Rts &Shts（2） ______ （establish） in the early 1990s by Dr.Jane Gdall.Rts & Shts hpes（3） ______ （invlve）millins f yung peple all ver the wrld t be a part f a cmmunity fr a shared future.
B
After cllege，I tried fr six mnths t get a jb，but my luck was bad.Finally，ne day I was in a dwntwn cffee shp，（4） ______ （bury） in the newspaper，and my luck began t change.A yung wman sitting next t me asked（5） ______ she culd read my newspaper.I said OK and we started talking.She tld me she wrked in a huge advertising cmpany and（6） ______ （lk） fr an assistant at the mment.I tld her I was interested in mass cmmunicatin and had studied it fr fur years at the university.Within ne week，I was her assistant.
C
Mst gardeners will prbably say gardening is gd fr yu.Accrding t a study，peple wh garden have a（7） ______ （healthy） diet，get mre exercise，and feel less stress.Researchers studied the benefits f gardening in shared cmmunity gardens（8） ______ peple wrk tgether.They suggest gardening may reduce stress because it expses peple t nature，while cmmunity gardens als prvide（9） ______ （chance） fr scial interactin.Therefre，they hpe the results will encurage dctrs and gvernment leaders t regard cmmunity gardens（10） ______ a vital part f the public health system.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、阅读表达：本大题共1小题，共10分。
28.There is a drive within all f us t create and express urselves thrugh art.This drive cmes frm a need t achieve a balance within urselves.Art refers t the thery and physical expressin f creativity fund in human scieties and cultures.Its majr fields include literary arts，perfrming arts （ and dance） and visual arts （，painting，phtgraphy，film and sculpture）.
Art is essential t ur culture because it prvides us with a deeper understanding f emtins.Thrugh art，we learn t feel jy in times f happiness and we see pain and despair in times f suffering.Creating art allws us t slw dwn and experience a full range f ur emtins，while viewing thers' art can release the emtins within us and allw us t explre ur feelings.This can help us heal and grw，and succeed bth persnally and prfessinally.
Art encurages critical thinking and prmtes cmmunicatin.Thrughut the entire prcess f creating and appreciating art，we need t make decisins.We use lgic and reasning t find meaning in what we see r create.Art is a medium t share thughts，ideas and visins that may nt be expressed in ther ways.Thrugh art，we gain a better understanding f past and present cultures.Yet mre imprtantly，there are n language barriers in art and therefre it is universal.
Art als enhances ur lives.The prcess f experiencing art engages bth the bdy and the mind and prvides us with time t reflect.That's why art is a necessity，nt a luxury.It can make a cmmunity mre beautiful and a wrkplace mre interesting.Our hmes reflect ur persnalities thrugh the art we chse t display.Art can inspire us，make us happy and even mtivate us.
We need t express urselves thrugh art.When we take a clser lk at ur wrld and begin t see the art and creativity in it，it can sthe，enrich r encurage urselves.Art is beautiful ，and beauty is an aesthetic quality.
(1) What drives peple t create and express themselves thrugh art？ ______
(2) Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement，then underline it and explain why.
Art helps peple gain a better understanding f past and present cultures，and the language barriers make it difficult fr peple t appreciate art. ______
(3) What is the passage mainly abut？ ______
(4) What is yur favurite art frm？And why？（In abut 40 wrds） ______
六、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共15分。
29.假设你是红星中学学生会负责人李华。学校发起"减塑捡塑，共创美好家园"活动。为了号召更多学生参与该活动，请你用英文给国际部留学生写一封倡议书，内容包括：
（1）你对该口号的理解；
（2）具体倡议。
注意：（1）词数 100左右；
（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear fellw students，
___________
Students' Unin
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、D、B
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章A Device That Easily Opens Bttles部分的Next，she made three hles f different sizes in the wd s that they culd match cmmn bttle cap sizes.Each hle als had a layer f dried，sticky ht glue，which prvided a firm grip fr the bttle caps.With a simple twist f the device，her grandmther culd pen bttles withut help.（接下来，她在木头上打了三个不同大小的洞，这样它们就可以匹配普通的瓶盖大小。每个洞都有一层干的，粘粘的热胶水，这为瓶盖提供了一个牢固的抓地力。只要简单地转动一下这个装置，她的祖母就可以在没有帮助的情况下打开瓶子。）可知阿兰娜的祖母可以通过扭动上面有孔的装置轻松打开瓶子。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章 A Cffee Cup With A Supprtive "Thumb"部分的He used rubber bands and a 3 D-printed plastic frm t make the extra "thumb"which can firmly supprt the bttm f a cup.（他使用橡皮筋和3 D打印的塑料形式来制作额外的"拇指"，可以牢牢地支撑杯子的底部。）可知罗伯特用橡皮筋和3 D打印的塑料形式制作了一个"拇指"来帮助他的祖父。故选D。
（3）观点态度题。根据文章A Device That Easily Opens Bttles部分的Next，she made three hles f different sizes in the wd s that they culd match cmmn bttle cap sizes.Each hle als had a layer f dried，sticky ht glue，which prvided a firm grip fr the bttle caps.With a simple twist f the device，her grandmther culd pen bttles withut help.（接下来，她在木头上打了三个不同大小的洞，这样它们就可以匹配普通的瓶盖大小。每个洞都有一层干的，粘粘的热胶水，这为瓶盖提供了一个牢固的抓地力。只要简单地转动一下这个装置，她的祖母就可以在没有帮助的情况下打开瓶子。）和A Reading Tl部分的Michael created a small adjustable windw-blind-style device."My friend culd islate small sectins f text while reading，"he said.（迈克尔发明了一种小型可调百叶窗式装置。"我的朋友他说："我可以在阅读时分离出文本的小部分。）可知这些学生有创意又体贴。A.Independent and patient.独立且有耐心的；B.Creative and cnsiderate.有创意又体贴的；C.Ambitius and hardwrking.雄心勃勃又勤奋的；D.Open-minded and generus.豁达大方的。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Mark Blt的工程课上，八年级学生们被要求改进产品，使其更容易被有困难的人使用。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
4~7.【答案】C、A、C、A
【解析】（1）代词指代题。根据文章第二段As a sixteen-year-ld by，yu have a lt f self-dubts and are trying t find ut wh yu are.S，yu thrw in an accident n tp f that and it kind f threw a lp int things fr me（医生告诉我没有完全康复的希望。作为一个十六岁的男孩，你有很多自我怀疑，并试图找到自己是谁。所以，除此之外，你还发生了一场事故，这让我有些不知所措。）可知that代指的是"对自己感到不确定"。A.Being unable t d sprts.不能做运动；B.Being hit by a car at sixteen.十六岁被车撞；C.Feeling uncertain abut himself.对自己感到不确定；D.Suffering physical and mental pains.遭受身体和精神上的痛苦。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第四段 Playing basketball was a really gd thing fr me.It let me see a bunch f different peple in the same situatin as me.It was gd t have a grup f friends fr supprt.（打篮球对我来说真是一件好事。它让我看到了一群和我处境相同的不同的人。有一群朋友支持是件好事。）可知玩轮椅篮球帮助作者在事故后重拾对运动的热情。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段I'm nt sure right nw abut getting ready fr the 2024 Paralympics.（我现在不确定是否为2024年残奥会做好了准备。）可知作者想在2024年残奥会上打篮球。故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。根据文章最后两段Hwever，ne thing I'm sure is that playing basketball is still number ne，with a fcus n the Paralympics.Nw I am signed as a player with a team ver in Spain and I'm explring what the next chapters f my life might be like.（但是，有一点我可以肯定的是，打篮球还是第一位的，重点是残奥会。现在我作为一名球员和一支西班牙球队签约，我正在探索我人生的下一个篇章会是什么样子。）可知本文主要讲述了打篮球增强了作者的能力。A.Hw playing basketball empwered the authr.打篮球如何增强了作者的力量；B.Hw peple arund the authr supprted him.作者周围的人是如何支持他的；C.Hw the authr's backup plan shaped him.作者的后备计划如何塑造了他；D.Hw the authr enjyed his cllege life.作者如何享受他的大学生活。故选A。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的运动经历和受伤后的转变。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】C、B、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据文章第二段Hwever，when that certain mdel f car becmes part f yur cnscius thinking，yu start "autmatically"recgnizing all f the ther cars that are the same，because yu are already"primed"t d s.（然而，当某种型号的汽车成为你有意识思维的一部分时，你就开始"自动"识别所有其他相同的汽车，因为你已经"准备好"这样做了。）可知购买第一辆汽车后了解各种类型的汽车是激发效应的一个例子。故选C。
（2）猜测词义题。根据文章第三段Reciprcal priming effects tend t prduce a cherent reactin：if yu are primed t think f ld age，yu wuld tend t act ld，and acting ld wuld reinfrce the thught f ld age.（双向激发效应往往会产生一种连贯的反应：如果你被启动想到老年，你会倾向于表现老年，而表现老年会强化老年的想法。）可知划线单词的意思是"双向的"。A.Related.相关的；B.Tw-way.双向的；C.Well-runded.全面发展的；D.Oppsite.相反的。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段When we purpsefully g thrugh and think abut the things we're grateful fr and deliberately feel as much gratitude as we can，we are flding ur mind with the "happy chemicals".（当我们有目的地回顾和思考我们感激的事情，并刻意尽可能多地感受感激时，我们的大脑中充斥着"快乐化学物质"。）可知经常练习感恩让我们为长期的幸福做好准备。故选D。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段cmbining thughts f gratitude with happy acts like smiling and laughing will have a supplementary psitive effect n ur state f mind.（将感激的想法与开心的行为如微笑和大笑结合起来会对我们的精神状态产生积极的补充作用。）可知本文主要讲述了每天都这样做，我们会变得越来越快乐。这弥补了我们从吃巧克力或买新衣服中获得的短暂快乐。因此本文的最佳标题是A.Prime Yurself t Be Happier.（让自己变得更快乐）。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了心理学中的激发效应，即当我们意识到某种事物后，我们会开始自动地注意到与之相关的其他事物。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~16.【答案】B、C、D、A、G
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句A majr prblem is facing these interesting creatures（这些有趣的生物面临着一个主要问题），可知表示"这些海龟中有一些濒临灭绝"的选项B可以承接前文，介绍海龟面临主要问题是濒临灭绝，故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据前句They lk clsely at the sand t find the fin（鳍） marks the mther sea turtles left there（他们仔细观察沙子，发现母海龟留在那里的鳍痕）；以及后句When they've figured ut where the eggs were laid，they mark the area ff s that n ne disturbs the eggs（当他们弄清楚蛋是在哪里产的时，他们会标出这个区域，这样就不会有人打扰蛋了），可知表示"这有助于他们找到海龟产卵的地方"的选项C可以承接前句观察母海龟留下的鳍痕，引出后句找到海龟产卵的地方的目的，故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据前句This law prhibits anyne frm disturbing r destrying marine turtles，nests，r eggs（该法律禁止任何人干扰或破坏海龟、巢穴或蛋），可知表示"这也有助于确保海龟的自然栖息地得到保护"的选项D可以承接前文对于这条法律的介绍，进一步介绍这条法律的另一个作用，故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据前句When there are bright lights cming frm the ther side f the shre far frm the cean，the baby turtles get cnfused（当对岸传来明亮的灯光时，海龟宝宝会感到困惑），可知表示"它们中的许多没有到达大海就死了"的选项A可以和前文构成因果关系，因为海龟宝宝弄不清方向，所以它们中的许多没有到达大海就死了，故选A。
（5）主题判断题。根据后句Smetimes，turtles mistake plastic bags fr jellyfish.They eat this trash and die.Flrida residents can vlunteer fr beach clean-ups and make sure t pick up their wn litter.They can als vte fr state leaders wh want t prtect the sea turtles' habitats.Every individual in the cmmunity has the pwer t make a difference（有时，海龟会把塑料袋误认为水母。它们吃了这些垃圾就死了。佛罗里达州的居民可以自愿参加海滩清理，并确保自己收拾垃圾。他们还可以投票给希望保护海龟栖息地的国家领导人。社区中的每个人都有权有所作为），可知表示"每个佛罗里达人都可以尽自己的一份力量来保护海龟和它们的环境"的选项G可以作为本段的主题，强调每一个佛罗里达人都可以尽自己的一份力量来保护海龟和它们的环境，故选G。
这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了拯救佛罗里达州海滩上的海龟的方法。
这个题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有帮助。
17~26.【答案】C、A、B、B、A、A、D、D、C、B
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.ranking等级；B.balance平衡；C.quality质量；D.appearance出现，外貌。根据后文Sachin and his team delivered the rder n time，maintaining their high standards，and the cmpany cntinued t give them mre rders.可知Sachin和他的团队按时交付了订单，保持了他们的高标准，公司继续给他们更多的订单。说明Sachin保持产品的最高质量。故答案为C。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.cver支付；B.cut切；C.manage设法完成；D.increase增加。根据空后its basic cst可知他只得到一些小项目，收入不足以支付基本成本。故答案为A。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.pprtunities机会；B.returns投资收益；C.cncerns关心；D.expenses费用。根据上句he was nly getting small prjects and the earnings were nt sufficient t（2）its basic cst可知他只得到一些小项目，收入不足以支付基本成本。说明Sachin解释说，他的企业没有给他所希望的回报。故答案为B。
（4）考查副词及语境理解。A.hardly几乎不；B.equally平等地；C.finally最后；D.hurriedly着急地。根据常识和上句Bth the trees were planted at the same time可知这两棵树是同时种植的，同样得到了水、肥料和阳光的滋养。故答案为B。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.bearing忍受；B.changing改变；C.preserving保护；D.gathering聚集。根据常识可知第五年，芒果树开始结果了。bear fruits结果。故答案为A。
（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.signs迹象；B.clues线索；C.patterns样式；D.respnses回复。根据下句My fellw farmers tld me nt t waste any time n it.可知我的农民朋友告诉我不要在这上面浪费时间。说明然而，竹子没有生长的迹象。故答案为A。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.slid固体的；B.steady稳定的；C.visual视觉的；D.nticeable明显的。根据下句Then within six weeks，the tree grew t 100 feet.可知然后在六周内，这棵树长到了100英尺。说明一周后，竹子有了明显的生长。故答案为D。
（8）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.made up组成；B.turned int转变成为；C.resulted frm由……导致；D.applied t应用，适用于。根据下句He went back t his friends，requested fr mre time and then began explring pprtunities t get big rders可知他回到朋友那里，要求更多的时间，然后开始寻找获得大订单的机会。说明Sachin意识到同样的原则也适用于他的生意。故答案为D。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.regular定期的；B.rdinary普通的；C.massive巨大的；D.familiar熟悉的。根据空后rder frm a multinatinal cmpany wrth millins f dllars came in.可知第三个月，一家跨国公司来了一份价值数百万美元的大订单。故答案为C。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.raised提升；B.settled解决；C.invested投资；D.cnsumed消耗。根据上句Eventually，Sachin's business became highly prfitable可知最终，Sachin的生意变得非常有利可图，他还清了欠朋友的所有债务。故答案为B。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Sachin投资了他所有的资金，并向朋友借了一些钱来开始他的纺织业务。尽管他尽力保持产品的高质量，但他只得到了一些小项目，收入不足以支付基本成本。他的朋友开始要求还钱，让他感到很沮丧。最终，Sachin的生意变得非常有利可图，他还清了欠朋友的债务。
完形填空题的解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
27.【答案】【小题1】running
【小题2】was established
【小题3】t invlve
【小题4】buried
【小题5】whether/if
【小题6】was lking
【小题7】healthier
【小题8】where
【小题9】chances
【小题10】as
【解析】（1）考查现在分词。句意：嗯，比如说你刷牙的时候让水龙头一直流水，出门的时候让灯开着，或者你掉了一片垃圾，懒得捡起来。分析可知，空处应用非谓语动词作宾语补足语，动词run和宾语the tap之间是逻辑上的主动关系，且此处表示让水龙头一直流水，故应用现在分词形式作宾补。故填running。
（2）考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：为了激励年轻人为环境、动物和他们的社区采取行动，Jane Gdall博士在20世纪90年代初建立了一个名为"根与芽"的机构。分析可知，所填词为句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语in the early 1990s可知，时态应用一般过去时，establish"建立，创建"和主语an institute之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语an institute是单数，be动词应用was。故填was established。
（3）考查动词不定式。句意："根与芽"希望让全世界数百万年轻人参与进来，成为一个共享未来的社区的一部分。根据句意表示"希望做某事"，应用hpe t d sth.，故空处应用动词不定式作宾语。故填t invlve。
（4）考查过去分词。句意：终于，有一天，我在市中心的一家咖啡店里埋头看报纸，我的运气开始变了。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作伴随状语，动词bury和I是逻辑上的被动关系，故应用bury的过去分词形式buried作状语。故填buried。
（5）考查宾语从句连接词。句意：坐在我旁边的一位年轻女子问我能不能看一下我的报纸。分析可知，空处引导宾语从句作asked的宾语，从句成分完整，结合句意可知，空处应用连接词whether或if表示"是否"。故填whether/if。
（6）考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她告诉我她在一家大型广告公司工作，目前正在寻找一名助理。分析可知，所填词为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据主句时态及时间状语at the mment可知，此处应用过去进行时，主语she为单数，be动词应用was。故填was lking。
（7）考查形容词。句意：根据一项研究，种植花木的人有健康的饮食，得到更多的锻炼，感觉更少的压力。根据后文get mre exercise及feel less stress可知，此处是把"种植花木的人"与"不种植花木的人"进行比较，故应用形容词healthy的比较级healthier作定语，修饰名词diet。故填healthier。
（8）考查定语从句关系词。句意：研究人员研究了在人们一起工作的共享社区花园中园艺的好处。分析可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为shared cmmunity gardens，表示地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
（9）考查可数名词复数。句意：他们认为，园艺可以减轻压力，因为它可以让人们接触大自然，而社区花园也提供了社交互动的机会。chance"机会"为可数名词，分析可知，空前无不定冠词，故应用其复数形式表泛指。故填chances。
（10）考查介词。句意：因此，他们希望研究结果能鼓励医生和政府领导人将社区花园视为公共卫生系统的重要组成部分。根据句意表示"把……看作……"，应用短语。故填as。
A是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Jane Gdall博士创立公益组织"根与芽"的背景和目的。
B是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者有一天在咖啡馆里幸运地找到工作的故事。
C是一篇说明文。文章介绍了园艺对身体健康的益处，应被视为公共健康系统的重要组成部分。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
28.【答案】【小题1】A need t achieve a balance within urselves.
【小题2】Art helps peple gain a better understanding f past and present cultures，and the language barriers make it difficult fr peple t appreciate art.There are n language barriers in art and therefre it is universal.
【小题3】Art has entered every crner f ur lives.We need t express urselves thrugh art.
【小题4】My favrite art frm is the perfrming arts.Because acting allws us t express ur true feelings and experience a full range f ur emtins，while viewing thers' art can release the emtins within us and allw us t explre ur feelings.
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中There is a drive within all f us t create and express urselves thrugh art.This drive cmes frm a need t achieve a balance within urselves.（我们所有人都有一种通过艺术来创造和表达自己的动力。这种动力来自于我们需要达到内心的平衡。）可知，我们需要达到内心的平衡驱使人们通过艺术来创造和表达自己。故答案为A need t achieve a balance within urselves.
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中Thrugh art，we gain a better understanding f past and present cultures.Yet mre imprtantly，there are n language barriers in art and therefre it is universal.（通过艺术，我们可以更好地了解过去和现在的文化。但更重要的是，艺术没有语言障碍，因此它是普遍的。）可知，语言障碍使人们很难欣赏艺术这个陈述是错误，因为艺术没有语言障碍，因此它是普遍的。故答案为Art helps peple gain a better understanding f past and present cultures，and the language barriers make it difficult fr peple t appreciate art.There are n language barriers in art and therefre it is universal.
（3）主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段We need t express urselves thrugh art.When we take a clser lk at ur wrld and begin t see the art and creativity in it，it can sthe，enrich r encurage urselves.Art is beautiful ，and beauty is an aesthetic quality.（我们需要通过艺术来表达自己。当我们仔细审视我们的世界，开始看到其中的艺术和创造力时，它可以抚慰、丰富或鼓励我们自己。艺术是美的，美是一种审美品质。）可知，这篇文章主要讲的是艺术已经进入了我们生活的每一个角落。我们需要通过艺术来表达自己。故答案为Art has entered every crner f ur lives.We need t express urselves thrugh art.
（4）开放题。根据文章大意以及题干的提问要求结合自己的主观感受。可以回答：我最喜欢的艺术形式是表演艺术。因为表演可以让我们表达自己的真实感受，体验我们的全方位情感，而观看他人的艺术可以释放我们内心的情感，让我们探索自己的感受。故答案为：My favrite art frm is the perfrming arts.Because acting allws us t express ur true feelings and experience a full range f ur emtins，while viewing thers' art can release the emtins within us and allw us t explre ur feelings.
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了艺术已经进入了我们生活的每一个角落。我们需要通过艺术来表达自己。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，并做出回答。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
29.【答案】Dear fellw students，
With white pllutin becming increasingly serius，I am writing t invite all f yu t participate in the "Reduce Plastic，Cllect Plastic，Create a Beautiful Hme" campaign initiated by ur schl.【高分句型一】（写信目的）
The slgan "Reduce Plastic，Cllect Plastic，Create a Beautiful Hme" emphasizes the imprtance f using less plastic，actively picking up plastic waste in ur schl and cmmunity，and cntributing t a cleaner and mre sustainable living envirnment.（你对该口号的理解）The fllwing measures may help.First，we can carry reusable bags instead f single-use plastic nes.Additinally，say n t plastic straws and cutlery，and use alternative ptins like bamb r stainless steel.（具体倡议）
I urge yu t jin us in this campaign.Only with jint effrts can we make a difference!【高分句型二】（呼吁）
Students' Unin
【解析】高分句型一：With white pllutin becming increasingly serius，I am writing t invite all f yu t participate in the "Reduce Plastic，Cllect Plastic，Create a Beautiful Hme" campaign initiated by ur schl.
译文：随着白色污染日益严重，我写信邀请大家参加我们学校发起的"减塑、收塑、创美丽家园"活动。
分析：这句话使用了with复合结构，initiated by ur schl是过去分词短语作定语。
高分句型二：Only with jint effrts can we make a difference!
译文：只有共同努力，我们才能有所作为！
分析：这句话使用了nly+介词短语置于句首，后面接部分倒装。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。