河南省周口市川汇区周口恒大中学2023-2024学年高三下学期开学英语试题

这是一份河南省周口市川汇区周口恒大中学2023-2024学年高三下学期开学英语试题，共21页。试卷主要包含了请将答案正确填写在答题卡上等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考试时间：120分钟；满分：120分
注意事项：
1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、C D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A Guide t the PMU
Fd
Open frm 6:30 am t 9 pm, the PMU cafeteria serves snacks, drinks, ice cream bars and meals. Yu can pay with cash r yur ID cards. Yu can add meal mney t yur ID cards at the Frnt Desk. Even if yu d nt buy yur fd in the cafeteria, yu can use the tables t eat yur lunch, t have meetings and t study.
If yu are n campus in the evening r late at night, yu can buy snacks, fast fd, and drinks in the Lwer Café lcated in the bttm level f the Guglas Centre. This area is ften used fr entertainment such as cncerts, games r TV watching.
Relaxatin
The Glbe, lcated in the bttm level f McMillan Hall, is available fr relaxing, studying , cking, and eating. Mnthly activities are held here fr all internatinal students. Hurs are 10 am t 10 pm, clsed n Sundays.
Health
Lcated n the tp flr f Duglas Hall, the Wellness Centre is cmmitted t physical, emtinal and scial health. A dctr and nurse is available if yu have health questins r need immediate medical help r persnal advice. The cst f this is included in yur medical insurance. Hurs are Mnday t Friday, 9am t nn and 1:00 t 4:30 pm.
Academic Supprt
All students have access t the Writing Centre n the upper flr f Duglas Hall. Here, qualified vlunteers will wrk with yu n written wrk, grammar, vcabulary, and ther academic skills. Yu can sign up fr an appintment n the sign-up sheet utside the dr, tw 30-minute appintments per week maximum. This service is free.
Transprtatin
The PMU Express is a shuttle service. The shuttle transprts students between campus and the shpping center, leaving frm the Mattsn Centre. Operatin hurs are between 8 am and 3 pm. Saturdays nly. Rund trip fare is $1.
1．What des the Guide tell us abut the PMU cafeteria?
A．It’s pen t the public fr 10 hurs a day.
B．It’s used fr entertainment nly.
C．It’s lcated in the McMillan Hall.
D．It’s pssessed f many uses.
2．Fr students interested in studying and cking, they can g t the Glbe________.
A．at 9 am n SaturdayB．at 11 am n Friday
C．at 9 pm n SundayD．at 11 pm n Mnday
3．What shuld yu d t get help frm the Writing Centre?
A．Fill a sign-up frm.B．Apply n the Internet.
C．Call the Center.D．Write a recmmendatin letter.
B
Peple’s ability t remember fades with age — but ne day, researchers might be able t use a simple, drug-free methd t buck this trend.
In a study published n 22 August in Nature Neurscience, Rbert Reinhart, a cgnitive neurscientist at Bstn University in Massachusetts, and his clleagues demnstrate that zapping(刺激) the brains f adults aged ver 65 with weak electrical currents repeatedly ver several days led t memry imprvements that persisted fr up t a mnth.
Using a nn-invasive methd f stimulating the brain knwn as transcranial alternating current stimulatin (TACS), which delivers electrical currents thrugh electrdes n the surface f the scalp, Reinhart’s team cnducted a series f experiments n 150 peple aged between 65 and 88. Participants carried ut a memry task in which they were asked t recall lists f 20 wrds that were read alud by an experimenter. The participants underwent TACS fr the entire duratin f the task, which tk 20 minutes.
After fur cntinuus days f this prtcl, participants wh received high-frequency stimulatin f the drslateral prefrntal crtex(背外侧前额叶皮质) had an imprved ability t remember wrds frm the beginning f the lists, a task that depends n lng-term memry. Lw-frequency zaps t the inferir parietal lbe(顶下小叶) enhanced participants’ recall f items later in the lists, which invlves ‘wrking’ memry — the memry that allws the brain t stre infrmatin temprarily. Participants’ memry perfrmance imprved ver the fur days — and the gains persisted even a mnth later. Thse wh had the lwest levels f general cgnitive functin befre the study experienced the largest memry imprvements.
“I was bth impressed and surprised by this, by this paper,” says Simn Hanslmayr, a cgnitive neurscientist at the University f Glasgw, UK. He ntes that alng with ther scientists, he has been sceptical abut whether TACS can lead t meaningful changes in cgnitin. One issue has been that TACS devices generate electrical currents much weaker than thse created by ther methds f stimulating the brain, s it hasn’t always been clear whether they can transmit enugh electricity t the brain t mdify its functin. Hwever, the authrs f this study cnvincingly shwed that their prtcl was linked t “cnsistent and quite strng imprvements in memry”, Hanslmayr says.
4．What des the underlined wrd “buck” mean in paragraph 1?
A．Operate.B．Destry.C．Fllw.D．Resist.
5．What can we learn abut the experiments?
A．The experiments invlved peple aged ver 65 and yung students with gd memry.
B．Participants were required t recall lists f 20 wrds when they read the wrds alud.
C．Stimulating the inferir parietal lbe with lw-frequency bsted the shrt-term memry.
D．High-frequency stimulatin f the drslateral prefrntal crtex imprved ‘wrking’ memry.
6．Why has Simn Hanslmayr been sceptical abut TACS?
A．The electricity sent by TACS is nt sufficient t guarantee meaningful changes in cgnitin.
B．The peple wh have pr cgnitive functin experienced the least memry imprvements.
C．TACS devices generate electrical currents as weak as thse created by ther methds.
D．TACS devices cannt ensure cnsistent and quite strng imprvements in memry.
7．What is the text mainly abut?
A．TACS can lead t meaningful changes in cgnitin.
B．TACS can help peple with cnditins such as Alzheimer’s disease.
C．Brain stimulatin leads t lng-lasting imprvements in memry.
D．Brain stimulatin benefits thse with pr cgnitive functin mst.
C
Have yu ever spent half an hur searching the Internet which, as yu find ut afterwards, lasted three hurs, r pened a bk shrtly after breakfast and a little while later nticed that the rm was getting darker?
Mst peple can remember experiencing such a state. Yur mind wasn't wandering; yu were ttally fcused and cncentrated n that activity, t such an extent that yu were nt even aware f yurself. Psychlgists call these fully absrbing experiences flw states, which were discvered and named by a wrld-famus psychlgist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. His celebrated bk Flw: The Psychlgy f Happiness became an instant best-seller, making its way t the tp self-help classics.
The state f flw happens under very specific cnditins-when we encunter a challenge that is testing fr ur skills, and yet ur skills and capacities are such that it is just abut pssible t meet this challenge. S bth the challenge and the skills are at high levels, stretching us almst t the limit. If challenges exceed skills, ne can becme anxius. If skills exceed challenges, we usually becme bred. Neither f these tw cases result in flw.
What is als interesting in flw is the almst ttal absence f emtins during the actual prcess. One seems t be almst beynd experiencing emtins, mst likely because the awareness f self is nt present. Mihaly himself is als very much aware f the ptential negative impact f the flw. One philspher nce describes his wn experience f flw: “When I get ttally invlved in the cnversatin, I am nt aware f myself, the wrld arund r the passage f time. Smetimes, I may becme addictive t that existence, unwilling t cpe with ther daily rutines f life, like frgetting dinner, and saying gdbye t my children.”
8．What is the purpse f Paragraph 1?
A．T ffer a general backgrund f the tpic.B．T make an verall utline fr the passage.
C．T intrduce the tpic f the passage.D．T clarify the definitin f the tpic.
9．In which f the fllwing experience can we enter "flw state"?
A．Adpting a dg.B．Watching TV.
C．Playing the chess.D．Arguing with thers.
10．What can we infer frm the third paragraph?
A．The state f flw is little cnditinal.B．Genius at nrmal schls ften gets bred.
C．Challenges at high levels push us t the limit.D．Skills play the mst imprtant part in flw.
11．Why des the writer qute the philspher's wrds?
A．T shw the drawbacks f the flw.B．T stress the value f self-awareness.
C．T underline the absence f emtins.D．T indicate the difficulty f enjying the flw.
D
There is nthing mre imprtant than the safety f ur children. Did yu knw that unintentinal injury(意外伤害) is the main cause f death in children under 14 years ld and with a third f them happening in the hme? One f the tp reasns a child under the age f three will visit an emergency rm is because f husehld injuries and sadly, 70% f children wh die frm unintentinal injuries are under the age f fur. Every rm in the hme will have its wn set f child safety prblems. Tw f the main danger znes are the kitchen and the bathrm.
Befre I became a yung mther, I crawled(爬) arund the huse n my hands and knees t see things frm a child’s perspective(视角). Yu wuld be amazed at what yu can discver by ding smething s simple. We didn’t have tilet cvers. A child is tp heavy because their heads are bigger than their bdies and can easily fall int the tilet.
Yu might be surprised with the number f children falling ut f windws every year, especially during the summer mnths. Smething as simple as a child leaning against a windw screen can result in a serius injury. The best way t prevent this type f injury is by setting up a child safety windw guard.
As parents, we d the best we can by prviding as much prtectin as pssible t make sure f the safety f children. And as there are s many prducts(产品) ut there t help us d this, there is nthing like gd ld-fashined supervisin(监护). S, use cmmn sense and prducts that help t keep yur child safe, and yu will have prvided a safe envirnment fr yur children.
12．What’s the main reasn fr death in children under 14 accrding t Paragraph 1?
A．Age prblems.B．N sense f safety.
C．Danger areas.D．Unexpected injuries.
13．Why did the writer crawl arund the huse n hands and knees?
A．T cver the tilet slwly.
B．T prtect her child carefully.
C．T lk fr smething interesting.
D．T discver danger frm a child’s pint.
14．What shuld we d t prtect children frm falling ut f windws?
A．Keep away frm a windw.B．Place a safety windw guard.
C．Mve away the windw screen.D．Lean(倚) against the windw firmly.
15．What’s the last paragraph mainly abut?
A．Tips n keeping children safe.B．Prducts fr children.
C．Grwth speed f children.D．Ways t lk after children.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Quizzes help students learn better
Did yu knw that if yu quiz ( 测验) students nce a week, they perfrm better n midterms and final exams? 16 Weekly quizzes, n tp f instant teacher feedback (反馈意见), have a psitive impact n students.
Nt all quizzes are bad.
17 Hwever, after quizzing with lw-stakes (minr t n grades), students have been shwn t have a grade pint 3x higher n their final.
The mst helpful kind f quiz is the ne that is the least time-cnsuming. 18 It is as simple as asking students t write dwn facts frm the previus day. And it is ften easier t give students a brief quiz n a prir class lessn.
Quizzes prevent students frm lsing fcus.
19 Even when the lecture is abut smething we’re interested in, smetimes it seems inevitable (不可避免 的 ) that, at sme pint, we will lse fcus. As a cnsequence, we will nt retain (记住) the infrmatin that’s taught.
Quizzing students n material as they learn culd be a great way t grab their attentin. Quizzing students als helps their cmprehensin levels and helps them retain infrmatin better.
20
Quizzes give the teacher an idea f hw well the class grasps the cncepts. Teachers can understand where students need help. After a quiz, students have a better idea f hw well they grasp the material. This will (hpefully) mtivate them t study mre, and als help them divide their study time mre effectively by fcusing n the infrmatin that needs imprvement.
A．Studying is mre efficient after a quiz.
B．There is a fear that quizzing students ften will lead t anxiety.
C．Quizzed students tend t utperfrm students wh aren’t quizzed.
D．They will get int the habit f reflecting n their learning independently.
E．We all knw what it’s like t be sitting in class and have ur minds wander.
F．Students wh aren’t quizzed quickly frget cntent withut this learning strategy.
G．This is why quick and easy practice quizzes n recently taught cntent are the mst beneficial.
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30 分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
There’s a lt that can be cnveyed in a handshake. Thrughut histry, such a(n) 21 was used t cmplete a business deal, 22 friendship, r signal trust.
But tuching strangers can als lead t ther, less beneficial shared 23 – like disease utbreaks. As fears abut COVID-19 increase, France has warned its citizens t 24 handshakes. Hwever, with histries dating back thusands f years, the greeting is likely t 25 established t be s easily stpped
A ppular thery abut the handshake’s 26 is that it began as a gesture f 27 . Grasping hands prved yu were nt hlding a weapn – and 28 them was a way t ensure yur partner had nthing hiding up their sleeve.
There may be a 29 explanatin fr its lasting pwer. In a 2015 study, researchers in Israel filmed handshakes between hundreds f strangers and fund nearly a quarter f participants 30 their hands uncnsciusly afterwards. 31 , they cncluded that a handshake may be used t detect chemical signals, and pssibly as a means f 32 – just as ther animals d by smelling each ther.
Behaviral scientist Val Curtis in Lndn says that ne pssible 33 fr the handshake as greeting is t imply that the ther persn is 34 enugh t share germs (细菌) with. Because f this, the 35 can g in and ut f style depending n public health cncerns.
21．A．messageB．expressinC．actD．slutin
22．A．indicateB．describeC．valueD．end
23．A．utcmesB．beliefsC．cncernsD．emtins
24．A．understandB．pauseC．studyD．change
25．A．clearlyB．riginallyC．fficiallyD．firmly
26．A．advantageB．meaningC．benefitD．rigin
27．A．peaceB．appreciatinC．pwerD．satisfactin
28．A．wavingB．hldingC．shakingD．searching
29．A．detailedB．histricalC．scientificD．cultural
30．A．washedB．sniffedC．clappedD．grasped
31．A．BesidesB．TherefreC．MeanwhileD．Hwever
32．A．prtectinB．warningC．cntrlD．cmmunicatin
33．A．rleB．reasnC．meansD．surce
34．A．matureB．cautiusC．reliableD．tugh
35．A．theryB．tpicC．researchD．practice
第Ⅱ 卷(非选择题 共55分)
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个这适当的单词或括号内单词的正确式。
When peple 36 (face) with health r nutritin questins, it is 37 (increasing) cmmn t g nline and diagnse (诊断) themselves. But the Internet is full f cnflicting health warnings with n regulatin t get rid f the wrng advice, sme f which 38 (be) extremely dangerus! Als, search engines rank results by 39 (ppular) rather than accuracy, s slid facts can be tricky t find. It is wrth 40 (check) if the writer f an nline piece is prperly qualified as an expert. Anyne can call 41 (they) a “diet expert”, “nutritinist” and even a “dctr”-given (考虑到) it culd refer t qualificatins like a PhD．But remember, nly fficially 42 (recgnize) practicing dctrs as well as dietitians have degrees 43 giving practical medical suggestins. S if yu are unsure and still wndering 44 the chclate diet really des wrk r nt, then it pays t make 45 appintment with yur dietician r dctr. The truth is ut there, and yu just need t lk in the right place!
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你校于上周举办了运动会，你参加了4×100接力赛 (relay race)。请给你的英国好友Kevin发邮件，谈你的经历及感受。内容包括：
1. 介绍你的参赛经历；
2. 谈谈你的感受。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Kevin,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。
It all started with a simple questin: “Can I paint yur prtrait?”
In the summer f 2015, Petersn and his wife, Vanessa, had just mved t Santa Ana, Califrnia. Outside the cuple’s furth-flr apartment, a hmeless man was ften yelling n the street crner, smetimes keeping them awake at night. Petersn, 28. wuld pass the guy n his way t his jb, but they never spke . What culd they pssibly have in cmmn?
One day, Petersn was relaxing in his living rm, reading a bk, when his quiet was disturbed by the hmeless man. Inspired by the bk’s cmpassinate message, Petersn made an unexpected decisin: He was ging t g utside and intrduce himself.
In that first cnversatin, Petersn learned the man’ s name was Faris. He’d mved t Califrnia t pursue a care er in music, but he sn fell n hard times and ended up living n the street fr mre than a decade.
“It was the weirdest thing t me,” Petersn recalled later. “I saw beauty n the face f a man wh hadn’t shaved in prbably a year, had vergrwn finger nails, prbably hadn’t had a shwer in clse t a year. But his stry, the life inside f him, inspired me.”And even thugh Petersn, a graduate f the Cleveland Institute f Art, hadn’t picked up a paintbrush in abut eight years, he fund himself asking if he culd paint Faris’s prtrait. Faris said yes.
Petersn’s cnnectin with Faris led him t frm Faces In the Cmmunity(FIC), a nnprfit rganizatin fcused n befriending and painting prtraits f members f the cmmunity wh are unhused. Petersn sells the prtraits sign atured by bth subject and artist fr a few thusand dllars, splitting the prceeds(收入) and putting half int what he calls a”lve accunt”fr his mdel. He then helps peple use the mney t get back n their feet. Of curse, Faris was the first t benefit frm FIC．
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Seeing his prtrait, the hmeless man was mved t tears.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Inspired by Petersn and Faris, many artists jined them.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．A
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章是关于PMU的大学服务指南。
1．细节理解题。根据Fd部分第一句“Open frm 6:30 am t 9 pm, the PMU cafeteria serves snacks, drinks, ice cream bars and meals.(PMU自助餐厅的营业时间为早上6点半至晚上9点，提供小吃、饮料、雪糕和正餐)”和第三句“Even if yu d nt buy yur fd in the cafeteria, yu can use the tables t eat yur lunch, t have meetings and t study.(即使你不买你的食物在自助餐厅，你可以使用桌子吃你的午餐，开会和学习)”可知，这份指南告诉我们PMU自助餐厅有许多用途。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据Health部分最后一句“Hurs are Mnday t Friday, 9am t nn and 1:00 t 4:30 pm.(开放时间为周一至周五，上午9点至中午，下午1点至4:30)”可知，周五上午十一点是Glbe的开放时间。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据Academic Supprt部分最后一句“Yu can sign up fr an appintment n the sign-up sheet utside the dr, tw 30-minute appintments per week maximum.(你可以在门外的报名表上注册一个预约，每周最多两个30分钟的预约)”可知，如果想得到写作中心的帮助，你需要填写一个注册表格。故选A。
4．D 5．C 6．A 7．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究人员发现用弱电流反复刺激成年人的大脑，可以使记忆改善持续长达一个月。
4．词义猜测题。根据文章第一段中的“Peple’s ability t remember fades with age（人的记忆力会随着年龄的增长而衰退）”和句中的转折连词but以及划线词后面的this trend可知，研究人员找到的办法应该是能够抵制人的记忆力随着年龄的增长而衰退的趋势。故选D项。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“Lw-frequency zaps t the inferir parietal lbe(顶下小叶) enhanced participants’ recall f items later in the lists, which invlves ‘wrking’ memry — the memry that allws the brain t stre infrmatin temprarily.（下顶叶的低频电击增强了参与者对列表中后面的项目的回忆，这涉及到“工作”记忆——允许大脑临时存储信息的记忆）”可知，低频刺激顶叶对短时记忆有促进作用。故选C项。
6．细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子“He ntes that alng with ther scientists, he has been sceptical abut whether TACS can lead t meaningful changes in cgnitin. One issue has been that TACS devices generate electrical currents much weaker than thse created by ther methds f stimulating the brain, s it hasn’t always been clear whether they can transmit enugh electricity t the brain t mdify its functin.（他指出，和其他科学家一样，他一直怀疑tACS是否能导致认知的有意义的改变。 一个问题是，TACS设备产生的电流比其他刺激大脑的方法产生的电流弱得多，所以一直不清楚它们是否能向大脑传输足够的电流来改变大脑的功能）”可知，Simn Hanslmayr怀疑TACS是因为TACS发出的电流不足以保证认知发生有意义的变化。故选A项。
7．主旨大意题。这篇文章的主要内容是研究人员发现用弱电流反复刺激成年人的大脑，可以使记忆改善持续长达一个月。故选C项。
8．C 9．C 10．B 11．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了“心流状态”这一心理活动现象，指的是你没有走神，完全专注于这个活动，以至于你甚至没有意识到你自己。介绍了“心流状态”发生的条件以及缺点。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“Have yu ever spent half an hur searching the Internet which, as yu find ut afterwards, lasted three hurs, r pened a bk shrtly after breakfast and a little while later nticed that the rm was getting darker?(你是否曾经花了半个小时在网上搜索，结果发现持续了三个小时；或者你是否曾在早餐后不久打开一本书，不一会儿就发现房间变暗了？)”以及第二段中“Mst peple can remember experiencing such a state. Yur mind wasn't wandering; yu were ttally fcused and cncentrated n that activity, t such an extent that yu were nt even aware f yurself. Psychlgists call these fully absrbing experiences flw states, which were discvered and named by a wrld-famus psychlgist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. (大多数人都记得经历过这种状态。你没有走神；你完全专注于这个活动，以至于你甚至没有意识到你自己。心理学家称这些完全吸收的体验为心流状态，这是由世界著名心理学家米哈里·契克森米哈里发现并命名的)”可推知，第一段的目的是为了第二段关于“心流状态”的文章主题。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The state f flw happens under very specific cnditins-when we encunter a challenge that is testing fr ur skills, and yet ur skills and capacities are such that it is just abut pssible t meet this challenge. S bth the challenge and the skills are at high levels, stretching us almst t the limit.(心流的状态发生在非常特定的条件下——当我们遇到一个考验我们技能的挑战时，而我们的技能和能力刚好可以应对这个挑战。 所以挑战和技能都是高水平的，几乎把我们拉伸到极限)”可推知，四个选项中只有“下棋”可以考验我们的技能，而我们的能力也可以应对这个挑战，能让我们可以进入“心流状态”。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据第三段中“If challenges exceed skills, ne can becme anxius. If skills exceed challenges, we usually becme bred.(如果挑战超过了技能，人就会变得焦虑。如果技能超过了挑战，我们通常会感到无聊)”可推知，天才属于技能超过了挑战，所以在普通学校经常感到无聊。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Mihaly himself is als very much aware f the ptential negative impact f the flw. One philspher nce describes his wn experience f flw: “When I get ttally invlved in the cnversatin, I am nt aware f myself, the wrld arund r the passage f time. Smetimes, I may becme addictive t that existence, unwilling t cpe with ther daily rutines f life, like frgetting dinner, and saying gdbye t my children.”(米哈里本人也非常清楚流的潜在负面影响。一位哲学家曾描述过他自己的心流体验：“当我完全投入到对话中，我不会意识到自己、周围的世界或时间的流逝。有时候，我可能会对这种存在上瘾，不愿意处理其他日常生活的常规，比如忘记吃饭，和孩子们说再见。”)”可推知，作者引用哲学家的话是为了展示“心流状态”的缺点。故选A。
12．D 13．D 14．B 15．A
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，文章讲述了父母应注意儿童安全的一些方面，且告诉父母应如何保护儿童安全。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Did yu knw that unintentinal injury is the main cause f death in children under 14 years ld and with a third f them happening in the hme?(你知道意外伤害是14岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因，其中三分之一发生在家里吗)”可知，意外伤害是14岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因。故选D项。
13．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Every rm in the hme will have its wn set f child safety prblems. Tw f the main danger znes are the kitchen and the bathrm.(家里的每个房间都会有自己的一套儿童安全问题。两个主要的危险区域是厨房和浴室)”及第二段“Befre I became a yung mther, I crawled arund the huse n my hands and knees t see things frm a child’s perspective.(在我成为一个年轻的母亲之前，我用手和膝盖在房子里爬来爬去，从孩子的角度看问题)”可知，作者用手和膝盖在房子里爬来爬去是为了从孩子的角度发现危险。故选D项。
14．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Smething as simple as a child leaning against a windw screen can result in a serius injury. The best way t prevent this type f injury is by setting up a child safety windw guard.(像孩子靠在窗纱上这样简单的事情都可能导致严重的伤害。防止这类伤害的最好方法是设置儿童安全窗护罩)”可知，我们应该放置一个安全的窗户防护装置防止孩子从窗户掉出去。故选B项。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“As parents, we d the best we can by prviding as much prtectin as pssible t make sure f the safety f children. And as there are s many prducts ut there t help us d this, there is nthing like gd ld-fashined supervisin. S, use cmmn sense and prducts that help t keep yur child safe, and yu will have prvided a safe envirnment fr yur children.(作为父母，我们尽我们所能提供尽可能多的保护，以确保孩子的安全。有这么多的产品可以帮助我们做到这一点，没有什么比好的老式监督更好的了。所以，使用常识和产品来保护你的孩子的安全，你就为你的孩子提供了一个安全的环境)”可知，最后一段给出了父母保护儿童安全的小贴士。故选A项。
16．C 17．F 18．G 19．E 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了测试如何使学生更好地学习。
16．根据空前内容“Did yu knw that if yu quiz ( 测验) students nce a week, they perfrm better n midterms and final exams?(你知道吗？如果你每周给学生做一次小测验，他们在期中和期末考试中的表现会更好。)”可知，上文提到的是如果每周给学生做一次测试，那么学生在考试中表现会更好。选项C“Quizzed students tend t utperfrm students wh aren’t quizzed.(接受测试的学生往往比没有接受测试的学生表现更好。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的都是测试会让学生的表现更好。故选C。
17．根据空后内容“Hwever, after quizzing with lw-stakes (minr t n grades), students have been shwn t have a grade pint 3x higher n their final.(然而，经过低风险的测验(次要到没有分数)，学生们在期末考试中得到了3倍的成绩。)”可知，下文提到的是经过测试的学生期末发挥的很好。选项F“Students wh aren’t quizzed quickly frget cntent withut this learning strategy.(如果没有这种学习策略，没有接受测试的学生很快就会忘记内容。)”指的是没有经常测试的学生很快就会忘记学习内容，和下文形成对比，符合空后的“hwever”。故选F。
18．根据空前内容“The mst helpful kind f quiz is the ne that is the least time-cnsuming.(最有用的测验是那种最省时的测验。)”可知，省时的测试很有用。选项G“This is why quick and easy practice quizzes n recently taught cntent are the mst beneficial.(这就是为什么快速和简单的练习测试最近教的内容是最有益的。)”是上文内容的延续，指的都是省时的测试很有用。同时引出下文内容“It is as simple as asking students t write dwn facts frm the previus day. And it is ften easier t give students a brief quiz n a prir class lessn.(这就像要求学生写下前一天的事实一样简单。在之前的课上给学生一个简短的小测验通常更容易。)”故选G。
19．根据空后内容“Even when the lecture is abut smething we’re interested in, smetimes it seems inevitable (不可避免的) that, at sme pint, we will lse fcus.(即使讲座是关于我们感兴趣的东西，有时似乎不可避免的是，在某些时候，我们会失去重点。)”可知，下文指的是即便是面对自己感兴趣的内容，我们也会有时候走神。选项E“We all knw what it’s like t be sitting in class and have ur minds wander.(我们都知道坐在教室里走神是什么感觉。)”自然引出下文内容，符合段意。故选E。
20．空处为小标题，为本段内容的概述。根据下文内容“Quizzes give the teacher an idea f hw well the class grasps the cncepts. Teachers can understand where students need help. After a quiz, students have a better idea f hw well they grasp the material. This will (hpefully) mtivate them t study mre, and als help them divide their study time mre effectively by fcusing n the infrmatin that needs imprvement. (测验可以让老师了解学生对概念的掌握程度。老师可以了解学生需要帮助的地方。在测验之后，学生们对他们掌握材料的程度有了更好的了解。这将(极有希望)激励他们学习更多，也帮助他们更有效地分配学习时间，专注于需要改进的信息。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是测试可以提高学习效率。选项A“Studying is mre efficient after a quiz.(测验后学习更有效率。)”正是本段内容的综述。故选A。
21．C 22．A 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．C 30．B 31．B 32．D 33．B 34．C 35．D
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章对握手行为产生的原因和是否应该继续进行了说明。
【详解】1.考查名词辨析。句意：纵观历史，这样的行为常被用来完成商业交易，表示友谊或信任。A.message信息；B.expressin表达，表情；C.act行为；（戏剧的）幕；D.slutin解决方法。根据前文There’s a lt that can be cnveyed in a handshake（握手可以传达很多信息）可知，此处是指握手这种行为。故选C。
2.考查动词辨析。句意：纵观历史，这样的行为常被用来完成商业交易，表示友谊或信任。A.indicate显示；B.describe描述；C.value估值，珍惜；D.end结束。根据前文There’s a lt that can be cnveyed in a handshake（握手可以传达很多信息）可知，此处是指握手可以表示友谊，故选A。
3.考查名词辨析。句意：但是，触摸陌生人也会导致其他不太有益的结果——比如疾病爆发。A.utcmes结果；B.beliefs信仰；C.cncerns担心，关系；D.emtins情绪。根据后文like disease utbreaks可知，此次是指导致不好的结果。故选A。
4.考查动词辨析。句意：随着人们对COVID-19的担忧加剧，法国已经警告其公民不要握手。A.understand明白；B.pause暂停；C.study学习，研究；D.change改变。根据前文As fears abut COVID-19 increase可知，法国害怕握手会导致疾病爆发，所以警告其公民不要握手。故选B。
5.考查副词辨析。句意：然而，由于已有几千年的历史，这种打招呼方式很可能已经根深蒂固，不容易被阻止。A.clearly清晰地；B.riginally起初；C.fficially官方地，正式地；D.firmly牢牢地。根据with histries dating back thusands f years可知，此处是指握手这种行为历史悠久根深蒂固。故选D。
6.考查名词辨析。句意：一种关于握手起源的流行理论是，它最初是作为一种和平的姿态。A.advantage优势；B.meaning意义；C.benefit好处；D.rigin起源。根据it began as a gesture可知，此处是指关于握手起源的流行理论。故选D。
7.考查名词辨析。句意：一种关于握手起源的流行理论是，它最初是作为一种和平的姿态。A.peace和平；B.appreciatin欣赏，感激；C.pwer力量；D.satisfactin满意。根据后文Grasping hands prved yu were nt hlding a weapn（握手证明你没有拿武器）可知，此处是指握手最初是作为一种和平的姿态。故选A。
8.考查动词辨析。句意：握紧的手证明你并没有拿着武器，而晃动则是一种确保你的搭档没有什么藏在袖子里的方法。A.waving摇摆；B.hlding举；C.shaking晃动；D.searching查找。根据“ ensure yur partner had nthing hiding up their sleeve.”可知，此处是指握紧手和晃动手的意义。故选C。
9.考查形容词辨析。句意：它的持久力量可能有科学的解释。A.detailed详细的；B.histrical历史上的；C.scientific科学的；D.cultural文化的。根据后文In a 2015 study（在2015年的一项研究中）可知，此处是指科学的解释。故选C。
10.考查动词辨析。句意：在2015年的一项研究中，以色列的研究人员对数百名陌生人的握手进行了拍摄，发现近四分之一的参与者在握手后会无意识地闻自己的手。A.washed洗；B.sniffed嗅；C.clapped拍手；D.grasped掌握，抓住。根据后文 just as ther animals d by smelling each ther（就像其他动物通过嗅对方一样所做的一样）可知，此处是指近四分之一的参与者在握手后会无意识地闻自己的手。故选B。
11.考查副词辨析。句意：因此，他们得出结论，握手可以用来检测化学信号，也可能是一种交流的手段——就像其他动物通过嗅觉互相交流一样。A.Besides另外；B.Therefre因此；C.Meanwhile与此同时；D.Hwever但是。前文讲研究人员发现近四分之一的参与者在握手后会无意识地闻自己的手，因此得出了握手可以用来检测化学信号，也可能是一种交流的手段的结论。故选B。
12.考查名词辨析。句意：因此，他们得出结论，握手可以用来检测化学信号，也可能是一种交流的手段——就像其他动物通过嗅觉互相交流一样。A.prtectin保护；B.warning警告；C.cntrl控制；D.cmmunicatin交流。根据后文 just as ther animals d by smelling each ther（就像其他动物通过嗅对方一样所做的一样）可知，此处是指握手像动物嗅对方一样，是一种交流方式。故选D。
13.考查名词辨析。句意：伦敦的行为科学家瓦尔·柯蒂斯说，将握手作为问候的一个可能原因是暗示对方足够可靠，可以与之分享细菌。A.rle角色；B.reasn理由；C.means方式；D.surce来源。前文是在分析将握手作为问候的，此处也是对其原因的另一个解释。 reasn fr“的原因”。故选B。
14.考查形容词辨析。句意：伦敦的行为科学家瓦尔·柯蒂斯说，将握手作为问候的一个可能原因是暗示对方足够可靠，可以与之分享细菌。A.mature成熟的；B.cautius谨慎的；C.reliable可靠的；D.tugh艰难的，粗糙的。根据t share germs (细菌) with可知，只有认为此人可靠才会与之分享细菌。故选C。
15.考查名词辨析。句意：正因为如此，这种做法可能会根据公共卫生问题而流行病的爆发过时。A.thery理论；B.tpic主题；C.research调查；D.practice惯例，练习。此处是指握手这种惯例行为。故选D。
36．are faced 37．increasingly 38．is 39．ppularity 40．checking 41．themselves 42．recgnized 43．in 44．whether 45．an
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当很多人有健康或营养方面的问题时，他们会直接去百度搜索，自我诊断。这其实是不科学的，因为搜索引擎的结果是按照受欢迎的程度而不是按照准确性来排序的。因此百度不是医生，遇到问题，最好和医生预约，去应该去的地方。
36．考查动词短语和时态。句意：当人们面临健康或营养问题时，上网自我诊断越来越普遍。分析句子可，此处为动词短语be faced with“面对……”，满足句意要求，结合下文时态可知，此处应为一般现在时，主语peple为复数意义名词，所以为动词复数形式。故填are faced。
37．考查副词。句意：当人们面临健康或营养问题时，上网自我诊断越来越普遍。由副词修饰形容词可知，此处为副词increasingly作状语修饰形容词cmmn。故填increasingly。
38．考查主谓一致。句意：但是互联网上充满了相互矛盾的健康警告，没有任何规定来消除错误的建议，其中一些是极其危险的！分析句子可知，本句的主语是“sme f which”，which指代前面的不可数名词advice，因此此处动词应为三单形式。故填is。
39．考查名词。句意：此外，搜索引擎根据受欢迎程度而不是准确性对结果进行排名，因此很难找到可靠的事实。分析句子可知，本空是后面的名词accuracy进行对比，所以本空也要用ppular的名词形式。故填ppularity。
40．考查动名词。句意：检查一篇网络文章的作者是否有资格成为专家是值得的。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语sth be wrth ding“值得做某事”，所以此处为动名词形式。故填checking。
41．考查反身代词。句意：任何人都可以称自己为“饮食专家”、“营养学家”，甚至“医生”——考虑到它可能指的是像博士这样的资格。根据句意可知，此处为call neself可译为“自称……”，满足句意要求，所以此处为反身代词的填入。故填themselves。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：但请记住，只有官方认可的执业医生和营养师才拥有资格提供实用的医疗建议。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰dctrs，dctrs和recgnize为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填recgnized。
43．考查介词。句意：但请记住，只有官方认可的执业医生和营养师才拥有资格提供实用的医疗建议。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语have degree in ding“有资格做某事”，所以此处为介词in的填入。故填in。
44．考查宾语从句。句意：所以，如果你还不确定巧克力饮食是否真的有效，那就去和你的营养师或医生预约吧。分析句子可知，此处为从属连词whether表示“是否”引导的宾语从句，满足句意要求。故填whether。
45．考查冠词。句意：所以，如果你还不确定巧克力饮食是否真的有效，那就去和你的营养师或医生预约吧。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语make an appintment“与某人有约会，有约定”，满足句意要求，此处表示和医生预约，是泛指概念。故填an。
46．Dear Kevin,
I am s excited t intrduce t yu that ur schl held the schl sprts meeting last week, and I participated in the 4×100 relay race.
Our class selected fur classmates wh ran the fastest, including me, and we all had the determinatin t win the race. Unfrtunately, the first athlete in ur class tripped s that ur class fell slightly behind at first. The athletes frm anther class suddenly failed t grasp the relay batn, causing them t delay their time. At that mment, it was my turn. I fught hard and rushed twards the finishing line. In the end, we wn. Hw thrilling and exciting this game was!
Thrugh this cmpetitin, we understand that we must have cnfidence and patience t grasp every chance and ur curage t make it.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Kevin写封邮件，谈谈你参加了学校上周举办的校运会的4×100接力赛(relay race)的经历及感受。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：participate in→ take part in
挑选：select→ chse
最后：in the end→ at last
成功：make it→ succeed
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The athletes frm anther class suddenly failed t grasp the relay batn, causing them t delay their time.
拓展句：The athletes frm anther class suddenly failed t grasp the relay batn, which caused them t delay their time.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Unfrtunately, the first athlete in ur class tripped s that ur class fell slightly behind at first.（运用了s that引导的结果状语从句）
【高分句型2】The athletes frm anther class suddenly failed t grasp the relay batn, causing them t delay their time.（运用了现在分词causing充当结果状语）
47．Seeing his prtrait, the hmeless man was mved t tears. He benefited a lt frm it. He said t Petersn, “It was yur help that kept me ff the streets, and my heart is full f gratitude. I want t make gd use f the mney t start a business, and I want t d my best t help thse wh need help in the future, ”Petersn replied, “Yu are welcme. Actively helping peple in need f help is my greatest jy” With these wrds, the tw men hugged each ther tightly.
Inspired by Petersn and Faris, many artists jined them.The artists say they will call n mre peple t help the hmeless. Over time, mre and mre artists have jined FIC, and by helping mre and mre hmeless peple t expand the impact and attract mre artists. As mre and mre peple were helped, the rganizatin became mre and mre ppular and was hnred by the gvernment. As time went n, FIC sld mre and mre prtraits and earned mre and mre incme, which was widely recgnized by the sciety.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Petersn认识流浪汉Faris后，他突发奇想成立了一个非盈利组织，专注于与社区无家可归的成员交朋友，并为他们画肖像，通过售卖肖像所得的钱帮助他们重新站起来的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“看到他的画像，流浪汉感动得流下了眼泪。”可知，第一段可描写流浪汉的感激之情和心理活动。
②由第二段首句内容“受Petersn和Faris的启发，许多艺术家加入了他们。”可知，第二段可描写许多艺术家加入后，FIC这一组织不断发展壮大的情况。
2.续写线索：帮画像——感激——呼吁——发展——壮大——影响
3.词汇激活
行为类
①充满：be full f/be filled with
②利用：make use f/take advantage f
③尽力：d ne’s best/try ne’s best/try ne’s utmst
情绪类
①感激：gratitude/feel grateful
②积极地：actively/psitively
【点睛】【高分句型1】It was yur help that kept me ff the streets, and my heart is full f gratitude.(运用了强调句式)
【高分句型2】As time went n, FIC sld mre and mre prtraits and earned mre and mre incme, which was widely recgnized by the sciety.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)