高二英语下学期开学考试（天津卷）-2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（外研版2019）

这是一份高二英语下学期开学考试（天津卷）-2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（外研版2019），共21页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分第Ⅰ卷两部分等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．—I think ur headmaster shuld be invited t the party.
—________. He will be treated as ur hnred guest.
A．It's up t yuB．I agree abslutelyC．Yu must be jkingD．It desn't matter
2．T prperly srt garbage, we use different ______ fr different garbage.
A．agencies
B．capsules
C．criteria
D．cntainers
3．Chaplin was nt just a genius; he was amng the mst_______figures in film histry.
A．influential
B．rewarding
C．cnvincing
D．lifelng
4．In the past fur decades China has_______imprved the living standards f the rdinary peple.
A．mutually
B．urgently
C．dramatically
D．bjectively
5．It was reprted that an agreement_______between the tw cmpanies and that they wuld carry ut a prject tgether.
A．had reached
B．had been reached
C．was reached
D．has been reached
6．Henry will nt be able t attend the meeting tnight because_______.
A．he must teach a class
B．he will be teaching a class
C．he teaches a class
D．he will have been teaching
7．These prblems_______by them the whle mrning yesterday.
A．were being discussed
B．were discussed
C．have been discussed
D．have been discussing
8．We tk_______fr granted that they wuld accept ur advice.
A．that
B．this
C．it
D．them
9．Thugh nt ging as planned, the party_______t be very successful.
A．turned up
B．turned ut
C．turned in
D．turned n
10．Ever since high schl he has_______jurnalism and nw he has already becme a very gd jurnalist.
A．develped an appetite fr
B．taken advantage f
C．made the best use f
D．paid mre attentin t
11．It’s nly right that human beings shuld learn t live_______nature because they cexist with each ther.
A．in hnur fB．in harmny withC．in return frD．in cntrl f
12．_______all my classmates, I wish t say thanks t the teachers fr giving us s much supprt.
A．In spite f
B．Instead f
C．On behalf f
D．Regardless f
13．It is unfair fr the children_______the Internet if yu nly prvide nline curses.
A．withut access t
B．in cntrl f
C．in the act f
D．alng the lines f
14．The fast develpment f the Internet has_______many changes t ur daily life.
A．brught upB．tk utC．tk inD．brught frth
15．The plice have searched fr the lst child fr a frtnight, but_______.
A．in vain
B．in turn
C．in time
D．in rder
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the mdern age. There are species that are becming 16 every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. S scientists are trying their best t 17 the species frm ging ut f existence.
Chris and Tim wrk at a z, helping endangered cranes with their 18 . Emma, a female crane, has been in their 19 since she arrived in 2004.
Brn at an internatinal crane fundatin, Emma was 20 by human caretakers. This led t an unexpected 21 ,thugh she had a wnderful time there. Emma had 22 taken herself as a crane and becme deeply attached t humans. She 23 living with male cranes, and even had a 24 fr killing sme f them, which made it 25 fr her t becme a mther.
26 ,the tw zkeepers didn’t want t see the extinctin f this precius species. With their patience and effrts, they successfully develped a 27 f artificial breeding(人工繁殖) and natural reprductin. This 28 Emma t give birth t five baby cranes.
The tw keepers are prud f their prductive wrk. But befre they can be 29 ,mre effrts must be made, because the ppulatin f the crane in the wild is n the 30 ,and many ther species appear headed tward extinctin. 31 ,nt everyne has realized that wildlife has thughts, feelings, and mst imprtantly, equal rights t survive.
Hw can we 32 the ever-widening gap that separates us frm ther animals? Chris and Tim ffered us the 33 :human beings tk it fr granted that their 34 held all the slutins, but maybe their hearts can be a better 35 .
16．A．extinctB．curiusC．adventurusD．distinct
17．A．ridB．banC．splitD．save
18．A．administratinB．reprductinC．adaptatinD．recreatin
19．A．eyeB．spiritC．careD．stry
20．A．brught upB．seized upC．came acrssD．came up
21．A．sacrificeB．effrtC．victryD．cnsequence
22．A．unfrtunatelyB．cheerfullyC．rarelyD．instantly
23．A．rejectedB．hesitatedC．decidedD．adred
24．A．cncernB．cmpetenceC．fameD．gift
25．A．inspiring.B．unlikelyC．illegalD．vital
26．A．InsteadB．MreverC．TherefreD．Hwever
27．A．systemB．cmbinatinC．cllectinD．strategy
28．A．allwedB．urgedC．frcedD．frbade
29．A．indicatedB．guaranteedC．defeatedD．frecasted
30．A．riseB．increaseC．declineD．bm
31．A．After allB．By the wayC．In additinD．In cntrast
32．A．penB．leaveC．identifyD．bridge
33．A．rewardB．replyC．awardD．requirement
34．A．prgramsB．actinsC．brainsD．perfrmances
35．A．guideB．cmpaninC．clleagueD．example
第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Sydney Cinemas in Histric Buildings
The Orpheum
Running since 1935, the Orpheum is f beautiful art design. When it was built, the Orpheum was used as a theatre with a stage and dressing rms. It culd seat 1,735 peple. Later, the theatre was turned int a shpping mall. Hwever, in 1986 the theatre was bught by Mike Walsh OBE and turned int a theatre again. Nw this six-screen cinema shws ld and new films t peple. And yu can still enjy live (现场的) music n weekends.
Where: Hayden Orpheum Picture Palace, 380 a Military a Rad, Cremrne
The Ritz
This family-wned cinema was built in 1937. At first, the cinema had a number f wners until, in 1993, when the wners planned t pull dwn the building, the lcal gvernment rdered peple t prtect it frever. Since then, anther five screens have been added, making the Ritz ne f Sydney’s ldest multiscreen cinemas. It’s knwn fr its beautiful architecture (建筑风格) and lw ticket prices.
Where: 45 St. Pauls Street, Randwick
Glden Age Cinema and Bar (酒吧)
Glden Age Cinema has been carefully rebuilt. It nw includes a wnderful bar that serves wines, beers and ccktails, and serves snacks and fd specials t match the cinema prgram. Als in the building Glden Stage features live music acts. A trip t Glden Age Cinema is a relaxing experience fr visitrs.
Where: 80 Cmmnwealth Street, Surry Hills
36．When it was built, the Orpheum was designed t be ________.
A．a barB．a railway statinC．a theatreD．a shpping mall
37．Which f the fllwing is still wned by a family? ________
A．The Orpheum.B．The Ritz.
C．Glden Age Cinema.D．Glden Age Bar.
38．If yu are interested in drinking, yu are suppsed t g t ________.
A．380 Military RadB．45 St. Pauls street
C．80 Cmmnwealth StreetD．Hayden Orpheum Picture Palace
39．What d the first tw cinemas have in cmmn? ________
A．They have beautiful art design.
B．They are wned by the lcal gvernment.
C．They bth serve films as well as drinks.
D．They were nce turned int shpping malls.
40．Which ne is TRUE accrding t the passage? ________
A．The Ritz can hld up t 1,735 peple.
B．The Orpheum served as a cinema frm 1935 t 1986.
C．The ldest multi-screen cinema in Sydney is the Ritz.
D．Yu can enjy live music in the Orpheum n weekends.
B
Every ne f us may have been hurt by thers—either by their wrds r actins. The best way t deal with the prblem is t “frgive and frget”.
“It is well established that learning t frgive thers can have psitive benefits fr ne’s physical and mental health,” Saima Nreen, a scientist at the University f St. Andrews, UK, tld the Huffingtn Pst.
Recently, Nreen and her research team have fund ne mre reasn that yu shuld stick t this principle—frgiving smebdy wh has hurt yu makes it easier fr yu t frget the unhappy memry, accrding t their new study.
In the study, researchers asked vlunteers t read descriptins f 40 different situatins that cntained bad actins such as stealing, lying and cheating. Imagining being the victims (受害者), vlunteers then had t decide whether they wuld be able t frgive. Tw weeks later, vlunteers tk part in a memry test. In the test, they were shwn a series f wrds related t the situatins they had read abut and then were asked t recall certain nes.
The results shwed that peple were less likely t remember the details f the unpleasant experiences if they had fund frgiveness in their hearts. In cntrast, if they hadn’t frgiven the mistake, they culd always remember what had happened.
Hwever, frgiving smene wh has hurt yu is always easier said than dne. S Nreen hpes that ne day in the near future research will give rise t pwerful therapeutic (有疗效的) tls that will enable peple t “frgive and frget” mre effectively.
41．Accrding t the passage, Saima Nreen is ________.
A．a reprter f Huffingtn
B．a scientist frm UK
C．a student at a university
D．a vlunteer in the test
42．What have Nreen and her team fund recently?
A．Frgiving helps us t frget unhappy memries.
B．They have fund n reasn t hurt ther peple.
C．A memry test is necessary t help peple frgive.
D．An unpleasant experience can be easily frgtten.
43．The right rder f the fllwing steps f the study shuld be ________.
a. Take a memry test. b. Imagine being a victim.
c. Decide whether t frgive r nt. d. Read descriptins f 40 different situatins.
A．d→b→a→cB．a→b→d→c
C．a→d→b→cD．d→b→c→a
44．What des the underlined wrd “recall” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A．Translate.B．Chse.C．Remember.D．Explain.
45．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．It’s impssible t frgive smene.
B．Nreen has finished her research reprt.
C．The therapeutic tls have been invented.
D．There may be sme therapeutic tls sn.
C
The man is ding smething n his lawn (草坪). As I pass, he is cleaning a lng strap (带子). It is hung between tw trees. He nds at me. I used t live in this neighbrhd in my childhd. But I dn’t remember him. I nd and smile back, but cntinue dwn the street.
When I return, the man is standing n the strap. He is walking and jumping. I ask him hw lng he has been tightrpe-walking (走钢丝).
“Nt a tightrpe.” He says. “A slack line (扁带). Since Octber. Want t try?” I am scared f things that are unstable (不稳定的) and narrw. All my life, I have tried t avid them. But I am in my frties. Time itself is narrwing in frnt f me. I find myself suddenly kicking ff my shes, standing in my scks. I ask his name, “Merlin.” He explains that I shuld get my right ft up first. I d. The strap, nly 3 cm r s wide, starts shaking widely.
“Pay n attentin. I will hld yu. Keep yur eyes straight ahead. If yu are t fall, just bend yur knees.” I hld fast t his shulders. He is s cmfrting that when I have finally gt tw feet n the line, I cannt bring myself t let g. There is a strange mment when yu frget yurself and frget that there is anything at all abut meeting a man and getting yurself abve his grass. It is nly fr a few secnds. But I let g. I take Merlin, laughing, and jump ff.
I have never frgtten: accept the strange shaking. It is nt the rpe. It is yu.
46．The first paragraph suggests that ________.
A．the man is ding smething magic n the street
B．the authr is paying a visit t her hmetwn
C．the authr is lst in the neighbrhd
D．the man is busy cleaning his lawn
47．Why des the authr decide t try the slack line?
A．Because she wants t kill time.
B．Because slack-lining is her hbby.
C．Because she wants t make full use f the time.
D．Because the man prmises t prtect her.
48．What is Merlin ding when the authr stands n the strap?
A．Standing n the strap as well.B．Standing beside the authr.
C．Watching the authr n the street.D．Hlding an end f the strap.
49．Befre letting herself g n the line, the authr seems t ________.
A．frget everythingB．lse heart at nce
C．fall ff the lineD．shake wildly
50．Which might be the mst suitable title fr the passage?
A．A stranger wh cleared my fearB．A man wh taught me t walk n the strap
C．An impressive game n the lawnD．A funny game in my childhd
D
Aasritha Duriseti, an eighth-grade student at Carsn Middle Schl wanted t help her grandmther wh struggled t pen bttle caps. She fund a slutin in her engineering class, where students were tasked with adapting existing prducts t make daily life easier fr peple with challenges.
Aasritha’s creativity kicked in as she researched existing bttle-pening devices. “The shape and size f a cellphne are familiar,” she said. T create a better bttle pener, Aasritha used a piece f wd. It was shaped like a cellphne. Next, she put three hles in the wd. The hles were in different sizes s that they culd match cmmn bttle cap sizes. Each hle als had a layer f dried ht glue, prviding a strng hld fr the bttle caps. With a simple twisting mtin, her grandmther culd pen bttles withut assistance.
While addressing challenges thse with learning disabilities, mvement challenges and ther issues face, students like Aasritha used mre than their math, physics, and tl skills. They als learned abut empathy (共情). “Empathy is lking at prblems frm anther persn’s pint f view,” Aasritha’s teacher, Mark Blt, said. “It’s an imprtant part f engineering. Engineers need t put themselves in their prduct users’ shes t build effective slutins.” It was empathy, while watching friends and family deal with daily tasks, that pushed ther students’ prjects.
Student Michael nticed hw reading disrder made it difficult fr his friends t fllw alng n pages full f text. Their brains tend t cnfuse the rder f numbers, letters, and ther images. S Michael created a small adjustable windw-blind-style device. “My friend culd separate small sectins f text while reading,” he said.
In the prcess, students tried different versins f their prducts t make the best ne t shw the class. Rather than having step-by-step directins fr the prjects, Blt preferred t leave students’ creative paths pen. “If we want t d better, we have t have a chance t fail,” he said.
51．What might be a slutin t Aasritha’s engineering class task?
A．T better wheelchairs.B．T invent new prducts.
C．T raise mney fr the disabled.D．T teach lwer-grade students engineering.
52．Why are the three hles’ sizes different in Aasritha’s bttle pener?
A．T ensure a wider use.B．T make the mst f space.
C．T beautify the bttle pener.D．T make the pener easier t hld.
53．Accrding t Mark Blt, while designing prducts engineers shuld ________.
A．ask fr the users’ adviceB．be thughtful f their users
C．imprve their wrk effectivenessD．fcus mre n the peple arund them
54．Hw des Michael’s device wrk?
A．By reading the text t its users.
B．By adding a dictinary t the text.
C．By putting wrds in different clrs.
D．By fcusing users’ attentin n specific reading areas.
55．What des Mark Blt think is imprtant in the students’ creatin?
A．Aiming t be the best creatr.
B．Having rm fr free explratin.
C．Fllwing a strict set f rules and steps.
D．Serving different functins in different situatins.
第二部分:写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。
I was still a fresh graduate frm high schl; I gt a chance t wrk. During my first day f wrk, I came early. I was the first ne t arrive in the ffice. Perhaps it was due t excitement, I had perfrmed well in my given tasks. Everything went smthly in my wrk. The passin when I started was still the same passin I am feeling until nw. Furthermre, I didn’t frget t d well in my studies. In fact, I still managed t review my ntes, t becme active in classes and t scre high in tests.
I had learned new things as I started wrking there. Dealing and interacting with peple were sme f the remarkable learning I had. Mrever, it was als very fulfilling when I had helped my parents diminish their finances in my wn ways.
It is nt that easy t study while wrking. There are truly pressures in between them. Smetimes, deadlines f the schl prject and errands(差事) frm the bss g tgether. Smetimes, there are misunderstandings between clleagues. There are just sme sacrifices and challenges f becming a wrking student.
Yet, it is my will and I am very happy with it because I am learning and grwing. They say, “Yu can’t serve tw masters at a time. ” It is pssible, but it is a challenge. I knw that I can balance studies and wrk. Mrever, I knw that I can still keep my relatinships with my family, friends and lved nes. I knw that I can still share my talents despite my busy life. I just enjy everything because every mment f being a wrking student is a truly remarkable experience.
56．What did the authr learn frm wrk accrding t the text? (n mre than 5 wrds)
57．What is the meaning f the underlined wrd “diminish” in Paragraph 2? (ne wrd)
58．Why is it nt easy fr the authr t study while wrking? (n mre than 10 wrds)
59．Why is the authr satisfied with his becming a wrking student? ( n mre than 8 wrds)
60．Wuld yu like t be a wrking student? Why r why nt? (n mre than 30 wrds)
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
61．假定你是新华中学的学生李华，你校将在下周末举办以“践行低碳生活,共创美好家园”为主题的展览，请给学校的美国外教Sam写一封邀请信，请他与你一起去观展。内容包括：
1. 展览的时间和地点；
2. 对该展览内容的介绍；
3. 发出邀请。
注意：
1. 词数100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文流畅；
3. 标题和开头结尾不计入总词数。
参考词汇：低碳生活 lw-carbn lifestyle, 展览 n. exhibitin
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：—我认为应该邀请我们的校长来参加聚会。—我完全同意。他将被视为我们的贵宾。A. It's up t yu由你做主； B. I agree abslutely我完全同意； C. Yu must be jking你一定是在开玩笑吧;D. It desn't matter没关系。根据答句句意可知，回答者对于前者的提议表示“同意”，故选B。
2．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了正确地分类垃圾，我们使用不同的垃圾箱来处理不同的垃圾。A. agencies机构；B. capsules胶囊；C. criteria标准；D. cntainers容器。分析句子，此处表示“垃圾箱，容器”用cntainer。故选D。
3．A
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：卓别林不仅是个天才；他是电影史上最有影响力的人物之一。A. influential有影响力的；B. rewarding有回报的；C. cnvincing令人信服的；D. lifelng终生的。根据句意可知，此处表示“有影响力的”。故选A。
4．C
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在过去的四十年里，中国 显著地提高了普通人民的生活水平。A. mutually互相地；B. urgently紧急地；C. dramatically显著地；D. bjectively客观地。根据句意可知，此处表示“显著地”用dramatically。故选C。
5．B
【详解】考查动词。句意：据报道，这两家公司已经达成协议，他们将共同实施一个项目。分析句子，此处表示“达成协议”用reach an agreement，句中agreement与reach之间是被动关系，且在was reprted之前，故使用过去完成时的被动语态。故选B。
6．B
【详解】考查动词。句意：亨利今晚不能参加会议了，因为他将会一直上课。分析句子，句子表示将来的某个时刻正在发生某个动作，故使用将来进行时。故选B。
7．A
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：昨天他们整个上午都在讨论这些问题。主语These prblems与谓语动词discuss构成被动关系，结合后文the whle mrning yesterday可知为过去进行时的被动语态。故选A。
8．C
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我们想当然地认为他们会接受我们的建议。固定句型take it fr granted that表示“理所当然地认为”。故选C。
9．B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：聚会虽然没有按计划进行，但结果非常成功。A. turned up出现；B. turned ut结果是；C. turned in上交；D. turned n打开。分析句子，此处表示“结果是”用turn ut。故选B。
10．A
【详解】考查动词。句意：从高中开始他就这样了他对新闻产生了兴趣，现在已经成为一名非常优秀的记者。A. develped an appetite fr养成了对……的兴趣；B. taken advantage f利用；C. made the best use f充分利用；D. paid mre attentin t注意。根据后文“现在已经成为一名非常优秀的记者”可知，之前他对新闻产生了兴趣。故选A。
11．B
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这是唯一正确的，人类应该学会与自然和谐共处，因为他们彼此共存。A. in hnur f为纪念；B. in harmny with与……和谐；C. in return fr作为……的报答；D. in cntrl f控制。根据后文“nature because they cexist with each ther”指和自然和谐共处，故选B。
12．C
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我谨代表全体同学向老师们表示感谢，感谢他们给我们这么多的支持。A. In spite f尽管；B. Instead f取而代之；C. On behalf f代表；D. Regardless f不管。此处表示“代表”，用n behalf f。故选C。
13．A
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果你只提供网络课程，对没有网络的孩子来说是不公平的。A. withut access t不能接触；B. in cntrl f控制；C. in the act f正在做；D. alng the lines f在某方面。根据“It is unfair”可知，此处表示“不能接触互联网的孩子们”用withut access t。故选A。
14．D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：互联网的快速发展给我们的日常生活带来了许多变化。A. brught up抚养；B. tk ut拿出；C. tk in理解；D. brught frth产生。根据后文“many changes t ur daily life”指产生许多变化，故选D。
15．A
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：警察找了那个走失的孩子两个星期，但一无所获。A. in vain徒劳地；B. in turn依次地；C. in time及时；D. in rder有顺序地。分析句子，此处but表示转折关系，即虽然警察找了两个星期，但是结果是徒劳地。故选A。
16．A 17．D 18．B 19．C 20．A 21．D 22．C 23．A 24．C 25．B 26．D 27．B 28．A 29．B 30．C 31．D 32．D 33．B 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文是篇说明文。在当今社会，野生动物面临着巨大的威胁，许多种类都濒临灭绝。文章以白枕鹤为例，讲述了人们是如何努力帮助它们繁衍生产，摆脱灭绝的危险；同时文章也希望人们能意识到野生动物也拥有思想、情感和生存的权利，用心去帮助它们。
16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每天都有物种濒临灭绝。A. extinct 灭绝的；B. curius 好奇的；C. adventurus 勇于冒险的；D. distinct 不同的。根据上一句“Wildlife has been greatly threatened in the mdern age.”可推断，每天都有野生动物物种面临灭绝的危险。故选A。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，科学家们正在尽最大努力拯救这个物种，使其免于灭绝。A. rid 消除、摆脱；B. ban 禁止；C. split 分裂；D. save 拯救。根据第1题可知每天都有物种濒临灭绝，所以科学家们是要拯救这些物种。故选D。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：克里斯和蒂姆在动物园工作，帮助濒危的仙鹤繁殖。A. administratin 管理；B. reprductin 繁殖；C. adaptatin 适应；D. recreatin 娱乐、消遣。根据第四段提到的“ artificial breeding(人工繁殖) and natural reprductin. ”及“ give birth t five baby cranes.”可知，他们是帮助濒临灭绝的仙鹤繁殖后代。故选B。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：艾玛是一只雌性鹤，自2004年来到这里以来一直受到他们的照顾。A. eye 眼睛；B. spirit 精神；C. care 关怀、照顾；D. stry 故事。根据第三段“Brn at an internatinal crane fundatin, Emma was ___5___by human caretakers. ”可知，艾玛一直在人类的照顾下长大的。故选C。
20．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：艾玛出生在一个国际仙鹤基地，由人类饲养员抚养长大。A. brught up 抚养、养育；B. seized up 中止、卡住；C. came acrss 偶遇、无意间发现；D. came up 被提出、走近。根据第4题和第三段“ becme deeply attached t humans.”（对人类产生了深厚的感情）可知，艾玛从小是由人类抚养长大的。故选A。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管她在那里过得很愉快，但这却带来了意想不到的结果。A. sacrifice 牺牲；B. effrt 努力；C. victry 胜利；D. cnsequence 结果。根据第三段“which made it ___10___ fr her t becme a mther.”及第四段“the tw zkeepers didn’t want t see the extinctin f this precius species. ”可知，人类的关爱使她无法繁殖后代，面临灭绝的危险，所以是一个意想不到的结果。故选D。
22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：艾玛很少把自己当作仙鹤，与人类产生了深厚的感情。A. unfrtunately 不幸地；B. cheerfully 愉快地；C. rarely 少有、罕见地；D. instantly 立刻、马上。根据上一句“This led t an unexpected cnsequence”可知，人类的关爱导致了意想不到的结果，艾玛对人类产生了依恋之情；同时根据下文中“killing sme f them”可知，她甚至杀死一些雄鹤，说明她很少把自己当成仙鹤。故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她拒绝和雄鹤一起生活。A. rejected 拒绝；B. hesitated 犹豫；C. decided 决定；D. adred 爱慕。根据句意，她杀死了一些雄鹤，说明她不愿意与他们一起生活。故选A。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：甚至因杀死了一些雄鹤而出名，这使她不可能成为一个母亲。A. cncern 担心、忧虑；B. cmpetence 能力、胜任；C. fame 名声；D. gift 礼物。根据本句句意，她杀死了雄鹤，不可能有雄鹤愿意和她一起繁殖后代了，说明她因此而出名。故选C。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使她不可能成为一个母亲。A. inspiring 令人激励的；B. unlikely 不可能的；C. illegal 不合法的；D. vital 关键的。根据前文“ She rejected living with male cranes, and even had a fame fr killing sme f them, ”可知，艾玛不愿和雄鹤生活，甚至还杀死了一些雄鹤，所以不可能繁殖后代了。故选B。
26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这两名动物园管理员不希望看到这种珍贵物种的灭绝。A. Instead 反之；B. Mrever 而且；C. Therefre 所以；D. Hwever 然而。根据第三段“which made it unlikely fr her t becme a mther.”可知，艾玛不可能繁殖后代了，这就会导致这种珍贵物种的灭绝，所以这里用hwever，表示转折关系比较符合语境。故选D。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的耐心和努力下，他们成功地开发出了人工繁殖和自然繁殖的结合。A. system 体系、系统；B. cmbinatin 结合；C. cllectin 收集；D. strategy 策略。根据句子结构，这里符合 a cmbinatin f ... and ...的固定短语；结合句意和常识，应该是人们的努力帮助实现了自然生产，所以是人工繁殖和自然繁殖的结合。故选B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让艾玛生下了五只鹤宝宝。A. allwed 允许；B. urged 催促；C. frced 逼迫；D. frbade 禁止。根据上一句“With their patience and effrts, they successfully develped a cmbinatin f artificial breeding(人工繁殖) and natural reprductin.”可知，在两位动物园管理员的努力下，成功开发了繁殖技术，使得艾玛生下了宝宝。所以是这种结合的技术允许艾玛有了当妈妈的机会。故选A。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但要保证这些，还必须付出更多努力，因为野生鹤的数量在减少，而且许多其他物种正走向灭绝。A. indicated 表明；B. guaranteed 保证；C. defeated 打败；D. frecasted 预报。根据第四段“This allwed Emma t give birth t five baby cranes.”可知，艾玛诞下五子，消除了濒临灭绝的危险；但是鹤的数量还是在减少，其他物种也濒临灭绝，所以要想确保得之不易的成果，还需要努力。故选B。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为野外的仙鹤数量在减少，而且许多其他物种正走向灭绝。A. rise 上升、增长；B. increase 增加；C. decline 下降、减少；D. bm 繁荣。根据“and many ther species appear headed tward extinctin.”可知，两句为并列递进关系，所以前文提到的人们还需继续努力，才能确保仙鹤不被灭绝的原因是“仙鹤数量在减少”符合语境。故选C。
31．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：相反，不是每个人都意识到野生动物有思想，有感情，最重要的是，有平等的生存权利。A. After all 毕竟；B. By the way 顺便说一句；C. In additin 此外；D. In cntrast 与此相反。根据前文“mre effrts must be made”可知，作者认为人们应给更加努力来保护野生动物，但是事实是不是每个人都能意识到这些的，所以这里用“相反”符合语境。故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们怎样才能缩小我们与其他动物之间不断扩大的鸿沟呢? A. pen 打开；B. leave 离开、留下；C. identify 识别、确认；D. bridge 消除（隔阂）、弥合（分歧）。根据第五段“nt everyne has realized that wildlife has thughts, feelings, and mst imprtantly, equal rights t survive.”可知，不是每个人都能意识到野生动物是有思想、感情和平等生存的权利的，说明人们和动物之间是有鸿沟的，所以作者提出如何才能消缩小这种鸿沟。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：克里斯和蒂姆给了我们答复。A. reward 酬谢、回报；B. reply 回答、答复；C. award 奖品；D. requirement 要求。根据上一句“Hw can we ___17___ the ever-widening gap that separates us frm ther animals? ”作者提出了问题，所以这里是二人给出了回答。故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人类想当然地认为他们的大脑拥有所有的解决方案，但也许他们的心可以成为更好的向导。A. prgrams 程序、项目；B. actins 行为、行动；C. brains 大脑；D. perfrmances 表演。根据下文中“ hearts”并结合句意可知，这里应用“brains”与其相对应，表达不能光有想法，还要用心做事。故选C。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人类想当然地认为他们的大脑拥有所有的解决方案，但也许他们的心可以成为更好的向导。A. guide 向导；B. cmpanin 伙伴；C. clleague 同事；D. example 例子。根据第五段“nt everyne has realized that wildlife has thughts, feelings, and mst imprtantly, equal rights t survive.”可知，人们没有意识到野生动物有思想和情感，拥有平等生存的权利，所以要想缩小人类与它们之间的鸿沟，就要从心里上认识到这些问题，这样才能真正解决问题。所以说人们的心可能才是解决问题的向导。故选A。
36．C 37．B 38．C 39．A 40．D
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了悉尼历史建筑中的电影院。
36．细节理解题。根据文章The Orpheum部分中“When it was built, the Orpheum was used as a theatre with a stage and dressing rms.(当Orpheum剧院建成时，它被用作一个有舞台和更衣室的剧院。)”可知，当Orpheum建成时，被用做一个有舞台和更衣室的剧院。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据文章The Ritz部分中的“This family-wned cinema was built in 1937. At first, the cinema had a number f wners until, in 1993, when the wners planned t pull dwn the building, the lcal gvernment rdered peple t prtect it frever.(这家家庭影院建于1937年。起初，电影院有很多所有者，直到1993年，当业主计划拆除这座建筑时，当地政府命令人们永远保护它。)”可知，Ritz剧院为家族拥有的。故选B。
38．细节理解题。根据文章Glden Age Cinema and Bar部分中的“It nw includes a wnderful bar that serves wines, beers and ccktails, and serves snacks and fd specials t match the cinema prgram.(它现在包括一个很棒的酒吧，供应葡萄酒、啤酒和鸡尾酒，并提供小吃和特别食品，以配合电影节目。)”可知，黄金时代电影院拥有一个很棒的酒吧，由此可知，如果你对喝酒感兴趣，可以去黄金时代电影院。它的地址为“80 Cmmnwealth Street, Surry Hills”。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据文章The Orpheum部分中“Running since 1935, the Orpheum is f beautiful art design.(从1935年开始运营，Orpheum是一个美丽的艺术设计。)”以及“The Ritz”部分中的“It’s knwn fr its beautiful architecture (建筑风格) and lw ticket prices.(它以美丽的建筑和低廉的票价而闻名。)”可知，这两家剧院都拥有漂亮的艺术设计。故选A。
40．细节理解题。根据文章The Orpheum部分中“And yu can still enjy live (现场的) music n weekends.(周末你还可以欣赏现场音乐。)”可知，在Orpheum剧院，周末还可以欣赏现场音乐。故选D。
41．B 42．A 43．D 44．C 45．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述的是在面对他人伤害时，处理这个问题的最好方式就是“宽恕和忘记”。
41．细节理解题。分析第二段中的““It is well established that learning t frgive thers can have psitive benefits fr ne’s physical and mental health,” Saima Nreen, a scientist at the University f St. Andrews, UK, tld the Huffingtn Pst.(“众所周知，学会原谅他人可以对一个人的身心健康产生积极的好处，”英国圣安德鲁斯大学的科学家Saima Nreen告诉赫芬顿邮报)”可知，Saima Nreen后面的内容为其同位语，所以Saima Nreen应是科学家。故选B项。
42．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Recently, Nreen and her research team have fund ne mre reasn that yu shuld stick t this principle—frgiving smebdy wh has hurt yu makes it easier fr yu t frget the unhappy memry, accrding t their new study.(最近，Nreen和她的研究团队发现了另一个你应该坚持这个原则的理由 - 根据他们的新研究，原谅伤害过你的人会让你更容易忘记不快乐的记忆)”可知，研究发现，宽恕伤害过你的人使你更容易忘记不快乐记忆，所以，宽恕帮助我们忘记不快乐的记忆。故选A项。
43．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the study, researchers asked vlunteers t read descriptins f 40 different situatins that cntained bad actins such as stealing, lying and cheating. Imagining being the victims (受害者), vlunteers then had t decide whether they wuld be able t frgive. Tw weeks later, vlunteers tk part in a memry test.(在这项研究中，研究人员要求志愿者阅读40种不同情况的描述，这些情况包含偷窃，撒谎和作弊等不良行为。想象自己是受害者，志愿者必须决定他们是否能够原谅。两周后，志愿者参加了记忆测试)”可知，这个实验是先阅读40种不同的含有不良行为的情况，然后再将自己想象为受害者，接着确定是否原谅他们，两周后再参加记忆测试，该研究过程与D项顺序吻合。故选D项。
44．词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Tw weeks later, vlunteers tk part in a memry test.(两周后，志愿者参加了记忆测试。)”可知，两周后要参加记忆测试，结合“In the test, they were shwn a series f wrds related t the situatins they had read abut and then were asked t recall certain nes.(在测试中，他们被展示了一系列与他们所读到的情况相关的单词，然后被要求回忆某些单词)”的内容可知，划线单词所在的句子表述的是“记忆测试”的细节，故划线单词可猜测为“记忆，记住”的意思。故选C项。
45．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“S Nreen hpes that ne day in the near future research will give rise t pwerful therapeutic (有疗效的) tls that will enable peple t “frgive and frget” mre effectively.(因此，诺琳希望在不久的将来的某一天，研究将产生强大的治疗工具，使人们能够更有效地“原谅和忘记”)”可知，Nreen希望在将来能有一种强大的治疗工具可以帮助人们更高效地“宽恕和忘记”，由此可推断，在未来很可能会出现治疗工具。故选D项。
46．B 47．C 48．B 49．A 50．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者害怕不稳定和狭窄的东西，为了充分过好余生，在Merlin的鼓励下，自己站在带子上，最后作者接受了奇怪的摇晃，克服了恐惧。
46．推理判断题。根据第一段“The man is ding smething n his lawn (草坪). As I pass, he is cleaning a lng strap (带子). It is hung between tw trees. He nds at me. I used t live in this neighbrhd in my childhd. But I dn’t remember him. I nd and smile back, but cntinue dwn the street.(这个人正在他的草坪上做一些事情。当我经过时，他正在清洗一条长皮带。它挂在两棵树之间。他朝我点了点头。我小时候就住在这个街区。但我不记得他了。我点了点头，微笑着回应，但继续沿着街道走下去。)”可知，作者正在拜访她的家乡。故选B项。
47．推理判断题。根据第三段中“‘Nt a tightrpe.’ He says. ‘A slack line (扁带). Since Octber. Want t try?’ I am scared f things that are unstable (不稳定的) and narrw. All my life, I have tried t avid them. But I am in my frties. Time itself is narrwing in frnt f me. I find myself suddenly kicking ff my shes, standing in my scks. I ask his name, ‘Merlin.’ He explains that I shuld get my right ft up first.(‘不是走钢丝。’他说。‘一根扁带。自去年10月以来。想试试吗? ’我害怕不稳定和狭窄的东西。我这辈子都在努力避开它们。但我已经四十多岁了。时间本身在我面前变得越来越短。我发现自己突然脱了鞋，只穿着袜子站着。我问他的名字，‘Merlin’他解释说，我应该先抬起右脚。)”可知，作者决定试试这条扁带是因为她想充分利用时间。故选C项。
48．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“‘Pay n attentin. I will hld yu. Keep yur eyes straight ahead. If yu are t fall, just bend yur knees.’ I hld fast t his shulders.(‘别在意。我会抱着你。眼睛直视前方。如果你要跌倒，就屈膝。’我紧紧抓住他的肩膀。)”可知，当作者站在带子上时，Merlin站在作者身边。故选B项。
49．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“He is s cmfrting that when I have finally gt tw feet n the line, I cannt bring myself t let g. There is a strange mment when yu frget yurself and frget that there is anything at all abut meeting a man and getting yurself abve his grass. It is nly fr a few secnds. But I let g.(他是如此地安慰我，以至于当我终于站稳脚跟时，我无法让自己松手。有一个奇怪的时刻，你会忘记自己，忘记了遇到一个男人并让自己超越他的草地有什么意义。只有几秒钟的时间。但我放手了。)”可知，在让自己走到带子上之前，作者似乎忘记了一切。故选A项。
50．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据倒数第二段“‘Pay n attentin. I will hld yu. Keep yur eyes straight ahead. If yu are t fall, just bend yur knees.’ I hld fast t his shulders. He is s cmfrting that when I have finally gt tw feet n the line, I cannt bring myself t let g. There is a strange mment when yu frget yurself and frget that there is anything at all abut meeting a man and getting yurself abve his grass. It is nly fr a few secnds. But I let g. I take Merlin, laughing, and jump ff.(‘别在意。我会抱着你。眼睛直视前方。如果你要跌倒，就屈膝。’我紧紧抓住他的肩膀。他是如此地安慰我，以至于当我终于站稳脚跟时，我无法让自己松手。有一个奇怪的时刻，你会忘记自己，忘记了遇到一个男人并让自己超越他的草地有什么意义。只有几秒钟的时间。但我放手了。我笑着抱着Merlin，然后跳了下去。)”以及最后一段“I have never frgtten: accept the strange shaking. It is nt the rpe. It is yu.(我从来没有忘记:接受奇怪的摇晃。不是绳子的问题。是你。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者害怕不稳定和狭窄的东西，为了充分过好余生，在Merlin的鼓励下，自己站在带子上，最后作者接受了奇怪的摇晃，克服了恐惧。A项“一个陌生人消除了我的恐惧”符合题意，为最佳标题。故选A项。
51．A 52．A 53．B 54．D 55．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在Carsn Middle Schl八年级的机械工程课上，学生们不仅学会了通过对现有设备的改造使周围人的生活更加便利，而且还学会了站在他人角度去思考，关心他们的需求。
51．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“She fund a slutin in her engineering class, where students were tasked with adapting existing prducts t make daily life easier fr peple with challenges. (她在工程课上找到了一个解决方案，让学生们调整现有产品，让有挑战的人的日常生活更轻松。)”可知，在工程课上，学生们调整现有产品，让有身体困难的人的日常生活更轻松。所以，Aasritha的工程课任务可能是改进轮椅。故选A。
52．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The hles were in different sizes s that they culd match cmmn bttle cap sizes. (这些孔有不同的尺寸，这样它们就可以与常见的瓶盖尺寸相匹配。)”可知，Aasritha的开瓶器上有三个大小不同的孔是为了与常见的瓶盖尺寸相匹配，即确保开瓶器的更广泛的使用。故选A。
53．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It’s an imprtant part f engineering. Engineers need t put themselves in their prduct users’ shes t build effective slutins. (这是工程的重要组成部分。工程师需要设身处地为产品用户着想，以制定有效的解决方案。)”可知，Mark Blt认为，在设计产品时，工程师应该为用户着想。故选B。
54．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“S Michael created a small adjustable windw-blind-style device. “My friend culd separate small sectins f text while reading,” he said. (于是，Michael发明了一种小型可调节百叶窗式装置。他说：“我的朋友在阅读时可以把文本的小部分分开。”)”可知，Michael的设备是可调节的，在阅读时读者可以把文本的小部分分开。也就是说该装置通过将用户的注意力集中在特定的阅读领域。故选D。
55．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Rather than having step-by-step directins fr the prjects, Blt preferred t leave students’ creative paths pen. “If we want t d better, we have t have a chance t fail,” he said. (Blt更愿意让学生的创作之路敞开大门，而不是为项目制定循序渐进的指导方针。“如果我们想做得更好，我们就必须有失败的机会，”他说。)”可知，Blt认为,学生的创作中有自由探索的空间很重要。故选B。
56．Dealing and interacting with peple. 57．Reduce/Decrease/Lessen/Decline/Relieve/Mderate. 58．Because there are truly pressures between wrk and study. 59．Because he is learning and grwing. 60．(答案不唯一)Yes, I’d like t. Because it can help me learn t deal and interact with peple and accumulate wrking experience, which des gd t my future career. /N, I’d rather nt. Because as a student, I shuld cncentrate n my study instead f being disturbed by wrk.
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者第一次开始工作时的感受和体会，作者学到了与人打交道和互动，虽然一边工作一边学习不是一件容易的事，但是作者也很高兴自己在学习和成长。
56．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“I had learned new things as I started wrking there. Dealing and interacting with peple were sme f the remarkable learning I had.(当我开始在那里工作时，我学到了新的东西。与人打交道和互动是我学到的一些了不起的东西)”作者从工作中学到了与人打交道和互动。故答案为Dealing and interacting with peple.
57．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中“I had learned new things as I started wrking there.(当我开始在那里工作时，我学到了新的东西)”以及画线词上文“Mrever, it was als very fulfilling when I had helped my parents”和后文“their finances in my wn ways.”可知，作者找到了工作，所以觉得能用自己的方式帮助我的父母减少经济开支，对此感到很满足。画线词意思为“减少，下降”。故答案为Reduce/Decrease/Lessen/Decline/Relieve/Mderate.
58．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“It is nt that easy t study while wrking. There are truly pressures in between them.(一边工作一边学习不是一件容易的事。两者之间确实存在压力)”可知，作者一边工作一边学习不容易，因为工作和学习之间确实存在压力。故答案为Because there are truly pressures between wrk and study.
59．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“Yet, it is my will and I am very happy with it because I am learning and grwing.(然而，这是我的意愿，我很高兴，因为我在学习和成长)”可知，作者对他成为一个打工的学生感到满意，因为他在学习和成长。故答案为Because he is learning and grwing.
60．本题为开放性题目，言之有理即可，答案不唯一。题干问：你想成为一个打工的学生吗？为什么或为什么不？可回答：是的，我想。因为它可以帮助我学会与人打交道和互动，积累工作经验，这对我未来的职业生涯是有好处的。/不，我不想。因为作为一名学生，我应该集中精力学习，而不是被工作打扰。故答案为Yes, I’d like t. Because it can help me learn t deal and interact with peple and accumulate wrking experience, which des gd t my future career. /N, I’d rather nt. Because as a student, I shuld cncentrate n my study instead f being disturbed by wrk.
61．Dear Sam,
I am very delighted t tell yu that ur schl is ging t hld an exhibitin, which aims t raise students’ awareness f lw-carbn lifestyle. I wuld like t invite yu t attend this activity.
This exhibitin is ging t be held in the schl hall at 3 p.m. this Friday. During the activity, we will watch sme pictures and vides abut current envirnmental prblems and hw t slve them with a lw-carbn lifestyle. Thse pictures and vides are taken and made by us students and sme f them even have wn awards. This will be surely a fantastic exhibitin fr yu t knw ur creative ideas. I hpe that yu wuld accept my invitatin.
Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是新华中学的学生李华，你校将在下周末举办以“践行低碳生活,共创美好家园”为主题的展览，请给学校的美国外教Sam写一封邀请信，请他与你一起去观展。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：hld→thrw
参加：attend→participate in
解决：slve→deal with
无疑；肯定：surely→undubtedly
2.句式拓展
合并句子
原句：This exhibitin is ging t be held in the schl hall at 3 p.m. this Friday. During the activity, we will watch sme pictures and vides abut current envirnmental prblems and hw t slve them with a lw-carbn lifestyle.
拓展句：This exhibitin is ging t be held in the schl hall at 3 p.m. this Friday, during which time we will watch sme pictures and vides abut current envirnmental prblems and hw t slve them with a lw-carbn lifestyle.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am very delighted t tell yu that ur schl is ging t hld an exhibitin, which aims t raise students’ awareness f lw-carbn lifestyle.（运用了that引导宾语从句，which引导定语从句）
【高分句型2】. During the activity, we will watch sme pictures and vides abut current envirnmental prblems and hw t slve them with a lw-carbn lifestyle.（运用了疑问词+不定式作宾语）