专题28 读书与梦想-2024届高考英语时文阅读外刊精选精练

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专题28
读书与梦想
【原文·外刊阅读】
Frm reading t dreaming
（文章来源：Glbal Times）
Speaking f ne's reading life, mst peple wuld prbably think f their first bk, r hw many bks they have read. Fr me thugh, I dn't have an answer t either, as all the bks I've read are lst in my river-like memries. While I have lst these tw "essential" questins f reading, I frtunately haven't lst everything in my lng memry, s let me take yu int my reading life.
Accrding t my parents, my reading life started when I was 1 year ld. Yu prbably think I'm making things up, because nbdy can read anything when they are 1 year ld, and I have t admit that yu are right. I culd nly listen t small picture bks n my small bed beside my mm. She was a great stryteller and always spke while adding a lt f facial expressins. Even if I culdn't read, I culd understand the meaning f her facial expressins. Smetimes I wnder why she didn't chse a jb as an actress. Anyway, that was the first perid f my reading life: listening.
The secnd part f my reading life is called "bridge bk." A bridge bk is a kind f bk that cnnects picture bks and textbks. At that time, my Chinese and English vcabulary wasn't very large, s I had t turn t bridge bks as they were the easiest fr me. I was like a frg in a well. I didn't knw there was a bigger wrld f bks waiting fr me t explre.
The next perid was between when I was 5 and a half t 7 years ld. In this perid f my life, I started t see the wrld in a different and wider way. I started t walk ut f that deep well and learned there were flcks and flcks f bks waiting fr me. I, f curse, "ditched" bridge bks and went int the arms f textbks and started t read them. In the wrld f textbks, I felt a dr was pened in frnt f me, and the light was puring thrugh the dr, s I stepped int the light and started t read tns and tns f bks.
The bks weren't all the same, sme were rmantic, like Ntre Dame f Paris and Les Miserables, and sme were science fictin and nnfictin. There were lts f bks that I liked, fr example: The Three-Bdy Prblem and the Harry Ptter series. But my favrite bk wasn't any f them, it was a bk called Hw T Build A Car by Adrian Newey. Prbably yu haven't heard abut this bk r this persn, but in the F1 Paddck, Adrian and his bk are very famus. 1996 Wrld Champin Damn Hill nce said, "Adrian has a unique gift fr understanding drivers and racing cars. He is ultra cmpetitive but never frgets t have fun. An immensely likable man." And the Guardian called him "the leading Frmula One designer f his generatin."
The reasn I chse this bk has everything t d with my hbby: F1. Frmula One is the FIA's (Federatin Internatinale del'Autmbile) highest level f car racing. It represents the best car making in the wrld. Adrian is the best f all f them. This bk mainly talks abut his life as a designer. It all started in 1958 when Adrian used car parts t understand hw t make cars quicker.
Nw yu wuld prbably ask, why d I like this bk? Why wuld I like a kid that hadn't dne well in schl? What's s special abut it? Isn't it just a bk abut an ld guy wh had wn a lt f champinships? S nw I'm ging t tell yu what's s special abut this bk.
It was all because my liking f F1 and the technical parts f the cars. If I hadn't watched F1, I wuld never have read this bk. My first memry f F1 was in 2019, in Bahrain, when Charles Leclerc's engine had a failure, and lst his win and his first ple-t-win. It wasn't a gd memry but it was indeed my first memry abut this sprt. In 2021, I started t watch every race in the year, but instead f wanting t drive, I became very interested in hw t race and in aerdynamics. After my research I fund Adrian was the best, s I started t lk fr his autbigraphy and fund this bk. This bk didn't just tell me what these cars were called, it als tld me hw they wrk. Fr example: Adrian tells us hw he designed the brake duct and the assciated wing n the RB8 with a picture. It allwed me t learn abut the mst advanced technlgy in the paddck. It als lighted up a new career path fr me.
When I was yung, I wanted t be a firefighter, then a dctr, then a pliceman, but nw I have a new career wish: t becme a race car r a plane designer. After I read Adrian's autbigraphy I thught f this as a career, but, f curse, learning physics wn't be very easy, especially at that depth. Nt everyne can becme an expert in this subject, especially in such a precise and difficult field, but as the Chinese pem says, "The sharp swrd cmes frm the sharpening, plum blssms' scent cmes frm the cld weather." My gal is t "never give up, n matter the situatin." Will yu wrk hard and step int the future with me?
【原创·阅读理解】
1.When did the authr's reading life fficially begin accrding t their parents, and what was the first perid called?
A. At the age f 2; The Bridge Bk Era.
B. At the age f 1; The Listening Perid.
C. At the age f 5; The Textbk Explratin Phase.
D. At the age f 3; The Early Vcabulary Develpment Stage.
【答案】B
【解析】
作者的阅读生活从1岁开始，最初的阶段被称为“听书时期”。故选B项。
2.What characterized the secnd part f the authr's reading life, knwn as the "bridge bk" phase?
A. The authr's ability t read cmplex nvels.
B. The dminance f picture bks.
C. The intrductin f mre advanced vcabulary.
D. The transitin between picture bks and textbks.
【答案】D
【解析】
文章提到“桥梁书”阶段是指连接图画书和教科书的一种书，表示作者在这一阶段经历了从图画书到教科书的过渡。故选D项。
3.What inspired the authr's interest in the bk "Hw T Build A Car" by Adrian Newey?
A. The authr's passin fr racing and the technical aspects f cars.
B. Recmmendatins frm the authr's schl teachers.
C. The ppularity f the bk amng the authr's friends.
D. The authr's preference fr rmantic nvels.
【答案】A
【解析】
作者之所以对Adrian Newey的《Hw T Build A Car》感兴趣，是因为他对赛车和汽车技术方面有浓厚的兴趣。故选A项。
【精选·名校好题】
Ⅰ
（2023·江西高一联考）Fishing trips t Canada are a traditin fr Jeffrey Hardy and his three friends frm America. This summer in 2023, the frest air plluted with wildfire smke frced the men t give up their mid-June fishing plan. Canada’s wildfire seasn put its turism industry at a crucial time.
Except sme days f pr air quality, majr Canadian cities remain unaffected by wildfires. The fires are in the cuntry’s nrthern areas that have drawn travelers interested in utdr experiences in years past.
In a recent reprt by Destinatin Canada, a marketing rganizatin, half f the ttal spent by internatinal visitrs is in Vancuver, Trnt and Mntreal. But ther Canadian destinatins attractive t visitrs have been affected by the wildfires.
In preparatin fr increasing visitr sizes and nging wildfires, sme businesses are thinking abut changing their peratins, which see utdr recreatin(娱乐) as a turism pprtunity. A nnprfit travel agency is cnsidering creating a questinnaire (调查问卷) fr custmers t shw when they wuld cancel a bking because f rad clses frm the wildfires, pr air quality and a lack f visibility.
Turism in British Clumbia cntributes (贡献) greatly t its ecnmy. The prvince has varius recreatinal fferings, frm the majr ski destinatins t hiking alng the cast. Blackcmb, a helicpter tur cmpany, has canceled its sightseeing fferings, using mst f its helicpters n the firefighting effrt until at least early August.“ It’s the questin f flying ur custmers arund n sightseeing turs r putting ut fires within 10 kilmeters f ur bases and the cmmunities that we live in,” said Jrdy Nrris, the cmpany’s turism directr. “We made it clear t bth ur staff and ur custmers that we have a duty t prtect the backyard.”
Darrin Rig, a phtgrapher, recently saw a pht f a beautiful waterfall engulfed in fire n a media page. “I’m sure that’s nt ging t last lng, and everything will turn t nrmal.” he said.
1．Which part f Canada is mst affected by the wildfire?
A．The nrthern areas. B．Canada’s central part.
C．Majr Canadian cities.D．Places with few visitrs.
2．What can be inferred abut Jrdy Nrris?
A．He is sad abut his cmpany’s lss frm the fire.
B．He is glad t jin in the fight against the wildfire.
C．He is cnfident abut the use f the questinnaire.
D．He is stressed abut the fire’s effect n his cmpany.
3．What des the underlined wrd “engulfed” in paragraph 6 mean?
A．Rescued.B．Stuck.C．Cvered.D．Prtected.
4．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Turism Suffers Great Lss in the Wildfire
B．All f Canada Have Acted t Beat Wildfire
C．Mst f Canada Is Affected by the Wildfire
D．Wildfire Wn’t Stp Canada’s Turism Develpment
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。加拿大的山林大火使旅游业受到很大的影响，但是人们依然对加拿大旅游业的发展充满信心。
1． 细节理解题。根据第二段“The fires are in the cuntry’s nrthern areas that have drawn travelers interested in utdr experiences in years past.（大火发生在该国北部地区，过去几年吸引了对户外体验感兴趣的旅行者）”可知火山主要影响的是加拿大北部。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据第五段Jrdy Nrris所说的话“We made it clear t bth ur staff and ur custmers that we have a duty t prtect the backyard.（我们向员工和顾客明确指出，我们有责任保护后院）”可以判断他为自己的公司能够参加灭火行动感到高兴。故选B。
3．词义猜测题。根据最后一段“I’m sure that’s nt ging t last lng, and everything will turn t nrmal.(我确信这不会持续太久，一切都会恢复正常的)”可以判断摄影师比较乐观，他所看到的是瀑布被大火吞噬的照片。故engulf可以用cver替代。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“Canada’s wildfire seasn put its turism industry at a crucial time.（加拿大的野火季节让其旅游业处于关键时刻）”以及最后一段“I’m sure that’s nt ging t last lng, and everything will turn t nrmal.(我确信这不会持续太久，一切都会恢复正常的)”可知全文讲述一场山火对加拿大旅游业的影响，谈到这场火灾的分布及其对旅游业的影响，以及旅游业的从业人员对未来旅游业发展的乐观态度。所以，用D项“Wildfire Wn’t Stp Canada’s Turism Develpment”作为本文题目，与文章主题相符合。故选D。
Ⅱ
（2023·上海松江高三期末）Antibitics, which can destry r prevent the grwth f bacteria and cure infectins, are vital t mdern medicine. Their ability t kill bacteria withut harming the patient has saved billins f lives and made surgical prcedures much safer. But after decades f veruse, their pwers are fading. Sme bacteria have evlved resistance, creating a grwing army f superbugs, against which there is little effective treatment. Antimicrbial (抗菌的) resistance, expected t kill 10 millin peple a year by 2050 up frm arund 1 millin in 2019, has been seen as a crisis by many.
It wuld be unwise t rely n new antibitics t slve the prblem. The rate at which resistance emerges is increasing. Sme new drugs last nly tw years befre bacteria develp resistance. When new antibitics d arrive, dctrs ften stre them, using them nly reluctantly and fr shrt perids when faced with the mst persistent infectins. That limits sales, making new antibitics an unappealing idea fr mst drug firms.
Gvernments have been trying t fix the prblem by channeling cash int research in drug firms. That has prduced nly limited imprvements. But there is a phenmenn wrth a lk. Micrbilgists have knwn fr decades that disease-causing bacteria can suffer frm illnesses f their wn. They are supersensitive t attacks by phages, specialized viruses that infect bacteria and ften kill them. Phages are cnsidered a prmising alternative t antibitics.
Using ne disease-causing virus t fight bacteria has several advantages. Like antibitics, phages nly tend t chse particular targets, leaving human cells alne as they infect and destry bacterial nes. Unlike antibitics, phages can evlve just as readily as bacteria can, meaning that even if bacteria d develp resistance, phages may be able t evlve arund them in turn.
That, at least, is the thery. The truble with phages is that cmparatively little is knwn abut them. After the discvery f penicillin, the first antibitic, in 1928, they were largely ignred in the West. Given the severity f the antibitic-resistance prblem, it wuld be a gd idea t find ut mre abut them.
The first step is t run mre clinical trials. Interest frm Western firms is grwing. But it is being held back by the fact that phages are an even less appealing investment than antibitics. Since they are natural living things, there may be truble patenting them, making it hard t recver any investment.
Gvernments can help fun d basic research int phage treatment and clarify the law arund exactly what is and is nt patentable. In time they can set up phage banks s as t make prductin cheaper. And they can spread awareness f the risks f verusing antibitics, and the ptential benefits f phages.
5．We can learn frm paragraphs 1 and 2 that .
A．dctrs tend t use new antibitics when the patients ask fr them
B．antimicrbial resistance is develping mre rapidly than predicted
C．new antibitics fail t attract drug firms due t limited use f them
D．previus antibitics are effective in slving mdern health prblems
6．What is phages’ advantage ver antibitics?
A．They can increase human cells when fighting bacteria.
B．They are nt particular abut which cells t infect and kill.
C．They can evlve accrdingly when bacteria develp resistance.
D．They are t sensitive t be infected by disease-causing bacteria.
7．Accrding t the passage, the bstacle t phage treatment is that .
A．there is little chance f patenting phages in the future
B．gvernments prvide financial supprt fr ther research
C．the emergence f superbugs hlds back drug firms’ interest
D．ver-dependence n antibitics distracts attentin frm phages
8．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．Gvernments fail t stp the use f antibitics.
B．Phages culd help prevent an antibitics crisis.
C．Develpment f antibitics is limited by phages.
D．Antimicrbial resistance calls fr new antibitics.
【答案】5．B 6．C 7．D 8．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了噬菌体可以替代问题多多的抗生素，有许多优点，建议政府多方面采取措施推动推广。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“The rate at which resistance emerges is increasing. Sme new drugs last nly tw years befre bacteria develp resistance. (耐药性出现的速度越来越快。一些新药的药效只有两年，细菌就会产生抗药性)”可知，抗菌素耐药性的发展比预期的要快。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段“Unlike antibitics, phages can evlve just as readily as bacteria can, meaning that even if bacteria d develp resistance, phages may be able t evlve arund them in turn.(与抗生素不同，噬菌体可以像细菌一样迅速进化，这意味着即使细菌产生耐药性，噬菌体也可以反过来在细菌周围进化)”可知，噬菌体相对于抗生素的优势是当细菌产生耐药性时，它们会相应地进化。故选C。
67．细节理解题。根据第五段“The truble with phages is that cmparatively little is knwn abut them. After the discvery f penicillin, the first antibitic, in 1928, they were largely ignred in the West. Given the severity f the antibitic-resistance prblem, it wuld be a gd idea t find ut mre abut them.(噬菌体的问题在于，人们对它们的了解相对较少。1928年，第一种抗生素青霉素被发现后，它们在西方基本上被忽视了。考虑到抗生素耐药性问题的严重性，找到更多关于它们的信息将是一个好主意)”可知，噬菌体治疗的障碍是对抗生素的过度依赖分散了对噬菌体的关注。故选D。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Antibitics, which can destry r prevent the grwth f bacteria and cure infectins, are vital t mdern medicine. Their ability t kill bacteria withut harming the patient has saved billins f lives and made surgical prcedures much safer. But after decades f veruse, their pwers are fading. Sme bacteria have evlved resistance, creating a grwing army f superbugs, against which there is little effective treatment. Antimicrbial(抗菌的) resistance, expected t kill 10 millin peple a year by 2050 up frm arund 1 millin in 2019, has been seen as a crisis by many.(抗生素对现代医学至关重要，它可以消灭或阻止细菌的生长，并治愈感染。它们在不伤害病人的情况下杀死细菌的能力挽救了数十亿人的生命，并使外科手术更加安全。但经过几十年的过度使用，它们的力量正在减弱。一些细菌已经进化出了耐药性，产生了越来越多的超级细菌，而目前几乎没有有效的治疗方法。抗微生物药物耐药性被许多人视为一场危机。预计到2050年，每年将导致1000万人死亡，而2019年约为100万人)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要解释了噬菌体可以替代问题多多的抗生素，有许多优点，建议政府多方面采取措施推动推广，所以本文的主旨是噬菌体可以帮助预防抗生素危机。故选B。