专题01 阅读理解（第2期）-2024届浙江高考英语模拟试题分项汇编

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Apply fr the 2024 –2025 Schl Year
We are thrilled yu are cnsidering Marist Schl fr yur child’s next chapter. Marist has tw primary entry pints fr students in 7th and 9th grades t which we typically accept 150 and 50 students respectively.
Marist Schl utilizes Ravenna, an applicatin management system, fr all aspects f the admissins prcess. Thrugh Ravenna, parents can access the Marist applicatin, submit supprting materials, track applicatin status, and view admissin decisins. Our applicatin fr the 2024 - 2025 schl year will be available late September with a January 22, 2024 deadline.
Imprtantly, Marist cntinues t require the SSAT as part f the applicatin prcess. On Saturday, January 6, 2024, Marist will serve as a cmmunity test site fr the SSAT. This is the last natinal testing day prir t ur applicatin deadline when a first set f SSAT scres is due.
Imprtant Dates
1．Wh is this article mainly intended fr?
A．Students in all grades.B．Students in 6th r 8th grades.
C．Parents f children in 6th r 8th grades.D．Parents f children in 7th t 9th grades.
2．What d we knw abut Ravenna?
A．It deals with entry applicatins.B．It prmtes schl management.
C．It is accessible the whle schl year.D．It mnitrs the admissins prcess.
3．Which can be a pssible date fr applicants t submit teacher evaluatins?
A．August 30, 2023.B．January 26, 2024.
C．February 3, 2024.D．March 30, 2024.
In 1959, Handler changed hw ty dlls were made when she intrduced “Barbie” t the wrld. With her mature figure, Barbie was ne f the first “grwn-up” dlls t hit the retail market.
Handler wanted t create a ty that was different frm the baby dlls that dminated little girls’ ty bxes. She wanted a dll that girls culd prject their future dreams upn and allwed fr limitless clthing and career chices. Inspired by paper dlls f the time, Handler, t much disagreement, made sure Barbie had the bdy f a grwn wman.
“My wn philsphy f Barbie,” Handler wrte in her autbigraphy, “was that thrugh the dll, the little girl culd be anything she wanted t be. Barbie always represented the fact that a wman had chices.”
There’s even a Barbie fr cancer patients — Brave Barbie — a partnership between Mattel and CureSearch that sends a bald (光头的) Barbie t families affected by cancer. “Gifting my daughter a Barbie wh suffered frm cancer was tremendus,” Michelle, a cancer survivr said, “We wuld play with that Barbie tgether and I’d heartbreakingly watch her pretend t take the dll t the hspital fr chem (化疗), r place its lng wig n tp f its head and tell the dll ‘It’s time t be beautiful again.’”
Bald Barbie was super brave and went n awesme adventures after chem. Smetimes she felt sick and needed t sleep, but wuld feel much better after a rest. Bald Barbie always beat the cancer and went n t live a lng and happy life with her family. That Barbie became s much mre than a plastic dll — she was a means f cmmunicatin and a cping mechanism during an extremely distressing time fr little families.
4．Why did Handler create Barbie?
A．T make a hit in the retail market.B．T appeal t girls with her diverse utfits.
C．T d a prject n wmen’s career chices.D．T inspire girls t make chices as they wish.
5．Hw might Michelle feel when watching her daughter with Brave Barbie?
A．Sad yet cmfrted.B．Envius yet prud.
C．Overwhelmed and ashamed.D．Heartbrken and regretful.
6．What des Brave Barbie mean t Michelle’s family?
A．A reliable emtinal supprt.B．A glue fr brken relatinships.
C．An effective practical treatment.D．A secret medium f negtiatin.
7．Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A．A medical jurnal.B．A charity brchure.
C．A financial reprt.D．A stry cllectin.
That dinsaurs ate the mammals (哺乳动物) that ran beneath their feet is nt in dubt. Nw an extrardinary fssil newly described in Scientific Reprts, unearthed by a team led by Gang Han at Hainan Vcatinal University f Science and Technlgy in China, shws that smetimes the tables were turned.
The fssil -dated t abut 125 millin years ag, during the Cretaceus perid-was frmed when a flw f biling vlcanic mud swallwed tw animals seemingly lcked in a life-and-death fight. The ne n tp is a mammal. This animal is a herbivrus species clsely related t the Triceratps (三角恐龙). Animal interactins such as this are exceptinally cam e in the fssil recrd.
One pssibility is that the mammal was eating smething already dead, ther than hunting live prey. These days it is uncmmn fr small mammals t attack much larger animals. But it is nt unheard f. And Dr. Han and his clleagues pint ut that thse mammals which eat dead bdies typically leave tth marks all ver the bnes f the animals. The dinsaur’s remains shw n such marks. There is als a chance the fssil culd be a fake. Mre and mre cnvincing fake s have emerged, as this ne did -thugh Dr. Han and his clleagues argue that the cmplexly cnnected nature f the skeletns (骨骼) makes that unlikely, t.
Assuming it is genuine, the discvery serves as a reminder that nt all dinsaurs were enrmus during the Cretaceus and nt all mammals were tiny. Frm nse t tail, the dinsaur is just 1.2 meters lng. The mammal is a bit under half a meter in length. Despite being half the size, the mammal has ne paw firmly wrapped arund ne f its prey’s limbs, and anther pulling n its jaw. It is biting dwn n the dinsaur’s chest, and has ripped ff tw f its ribs. Befre they were interrupted, it seems that the mammal was winning.
8．Which idim is clsest in meaning t underlined part “the tables were turned” in paragraph 1?
A．The fittest survives.B．The hunters becme hunted.
C．Frtune always favrs the brave.D．The truth will always cme t light.
9．Why des the authr mentin the “tth mark” in paragraph 3?
A．T prve the fssil was fake.B．T shw the frming f the fssil.
C．T illustrate the prcess f hunting.D．T suggest the dinsaur was hunted alive.
10．What makes Dr. Han think the fssil is genuine?
A．The size f the fssil.B．The absence f fake fssils.
C．The cmplexity f the skeletns.D．The cnsistency f the pinins.
11．What is the functin f the last paragraph?
A．It ffers a cause.B．It highlights a slutin.
C．It justifies the cnclusin.D．It prvides a new discvery.
Philsphers have a bad reputatin fr expressing themselves in a dry and bring way. The ideals fr mst philsphical writing are precisin, clarity, and the srt f cnceptual analysis that leaves n hair un-split.
There is nthing wrng with clarity, precisin, and the like — but this isn’t the nly way t d philsphy. Outside academic jurnals, abstract philsphical ideas are ften expressed thrugh literature, cinema, and sng. There’s nthing that grabs attentin like a gd stry, and there are sme great philsphical stries that delight and engage, rather than putting the reader t sleep.
One f the great things abut this is that, unlike frmal philsphy, which tries t be very clear, stries dn’t wear their meanings n their sleeve — they require interpretatin, and ften express cnflicting ideas fr the reader t wrestle with.
Cnsider what philsphers call the metaphysics (形而上学) f race — an area f philsphy that explrers the questin f whether r nt race is real. There are three main psitins that yu can take n these questins. Yu might think that a persn’s race is written in their genes (a psitin knwn as “bilgical realism”). Or yu might think f race as scially real, like days f the week r currencies (“scial cnstructinism”). Finally, yu might think that races are unreal — that they’re mre like leprechauns (一种魔法精灵) than they are like Thursdays r dllars (“anti-realism”).
A great example f a stry with scial cnstructinist taking n race is Gerge Schuyler’s nvel Black N Mre. In the bk, a Black scientist named Crkman invents a prcedure that makes Black peple visually indistinguishable frm Whites. Thusands f African Americans flck t Crkman’s Black N Mre clinics and pay him their hard-earned cash t underg the prcedure. White racists can n lnger distinguish thse peple wh are “really” White frm thse wh merely appear t be White. In a final episde, Crkman discvers that new Whites are actually a whiter shade f pale than thse wh were brn that way, which kicks ff a trend f sunbathing t darken ne’s skin-darkening it s as t lk mre While.
Philsphically rich stries like this bring mre technical wrks t life. They are stries t think with.
12．What des the authr think f philsphical stries?
A．The meaning behind is very bvius.
B．They am extremely precise and frmal.
C．They ften cause cnflicts amng readers.
D．They are engaging and inspire critical thinking.
13．Which categry might “Christmas” fall int accrding t paragraph 4?
A．Scial cnstructinism.B．Anti-realism.
C．Bilgical realism.D．Literary realism.
14．What is Black N Mre in paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A．Racial issues caused by skin clrs.
B．A sciety view n race and self-image.
C．Black peple accepted by the white sciety.
D．The rigin f sun bathing amng white peple.
15．What is the best title f the text?
A．Stries Made EasyB．Stries t Think with
C．Psitins in PhilsphyD．Nature f Philsphical Writing
阅读理解【2024·浙江省金华市金华十校高三上学期一模】
The rmantic Rhine, which flws mre than 700 miles frm Switzerland t the Nrth Sea, is ne f the mst ppular cruising(巡游) rivers in Eurpe, with many ptins available. Take a lk at things t d in Rhine River!
Amsterdam
Many Rhine River Cruises begin r end in Amsterdam. This city is ppular amng multiple age grups and types f travelers fr its relaxing atmsphere. Grab a bicycle and enjy an afternn f cafes, art, and histrical sites. The Anne Frank Huse is a ppular attractin in Amsterdam. Be sure t check if yur river cruise can help with advance tickets as the lines are cnsistently lng, thugh.
Neuschwanstein Castle
This fairytale castle is in the heart f Bavaria, Germany. Situated in the Black Frest, and cnjuring up(唤起) visins f princes and princesses, it is an extremely ppular turist attractin. It was in fact ne f the inspiratins fr Walt Disney’s Sleeping Beauty Castle. If yur Rhine River cruise includes a stp in Munich, there’s a gd chance that visits t Neuschwanstein will be available.
Strasburg
If yu’re lking fr a classic Eurpean cuntry twn, this is the stp fr yu Strasburg has a typical French feel, with cbblestned streets, small shps, and f curse a cathedral. Be sure t visit picturesque Petite France, the histric quarter f twn, and Rhan Palace t walk in the ftsteps f Marie Antinette, the last queen f France befre the French Revlutin. Strasburg is als a delightful place fr visit fr Christmas markets.
Basel
Sharing three internatinal brders: Switzerland, Germany, and France, Basel presents a fascinating cmbinatin f cultures, cuisines, and languages. Yu can enjy several wnderful histric sights in Basel, within a shrt distance frm each ther, and dn’t miss a walk thrugh the Btanical Gardens
1．What d Amsterdam and Strasburg have in cmmn?
A．They have histrical sites.
B．They have a relaxing French style.
C．They are hme t big shpping malls.
D．They are famus fr the picturesque scenery.
2．What might be the reasn fr Neuschwanstein Castle’s ppularity?
A．Its mysterius stry.B．Its favurable lcatin
C．Its fairytale rmance.D．Its inspiratin fr films.
3．Which stp wuld yu recmmend mst t thse wh want t experience diverse cultures?
A．AmsterdamB．Neuschwanstein Castle.
C．StrasburgD．Basel.
I ask every student I interview fr admissin t my institutin, Pitzer Cllege, the same questin, “What d yu lk frward t the mst in cllege?” I was astnished and delighted recently when a student replied, “I lk frward t the pssibility f failure.” Of curse, this is nt hw mst students respnd t the questin when sitting befre the persn wh can make decisins abut their academic futures, but this yung man tk a risk.
“Yu see, my parents have never let me fail,” he said. “When I want t take a chance at smething, they remind me it’s nt a safe rute t take. Taking a mre demanding curse r trying an activity I may nt succeed in, they tell me, will ruin my chances at cllege admissin.”
I wish I culd tell yu this is an uncmmn stry, but kids all ver the wrld admit they are under great pressure t be perfect. When I was traveling in China last fall and asked a Chinese student what she did fr fun, she replied: “I thught I wasn’t suppsed t tell yu that? I wuldn’t want yu t think I am nt serius abut my wrk!”
Students are usually in shck when I laugh and tell them I never expect perfectin. Of curse, this ges against everything they’ve been tld. Hw culd a dean (院长) f admissin at ne f America’s mst selective institutins nt want the best and the brightest? The reality is, perfectin desn’t exist, and we dn’t expect t see it in a cllege applicatin. In fact, admissin fficers tend t questin students wh present themselves as individuals withut shrtcmings.
We get the mst excited when we read an applicatin that seems real. It’s s rare t hear stries f defeat. If their perspectives are f lessns learned, these applicants tend t jump t the tp at highly selective clleges. We believe an errr in high schl shuld nt define the rest f yur life, but hw yu respnd culd shape yu frever.
4．What can we learn abut the student in the first tw paragraphs?
A．He is taught nt t take risks.
B．He tries t avid any chance f failure.
C．He cares little abut his academic futures
D．He is seldm allwed t take part in activities.
5．Why des the authr mentin the Chinese student in paragraph 3?
A．T emphasize the imprtance f hard wrk.
B．T cmpare students frm different cuntries.
C．T give an example f the students he favrs.
D．T illustrate the widespread stress n students
6．What is prbably admissin fficers’ attitude twards a perfect applicatin?
A．Dubtful.B．Cnfused.C．Favrable.D．Casual.
7．What is the key t success in cllege accrding t the authr?
A．A desire fr perfectin
B．The ability t learn frm defeats.
C．The pprtunity f making mistakes.
D．An experience f defeat in high schl
The sharp fin (鳍). The rws upn rws f sharp teeth. The large black eyes. The sharks yu see n televisin in Jaws r Discvery’s ”Shark Week“ are nt the friendliest lking creatures. They aren’t exactly an animal yu want t find near yu while swimming in the cean. Despite their prtrayals (刻画) in mvies and ppular culture, sharks are cmplicated, misunderstd creatures that are weaker than they appear.
One very cmmn misunderstanding abut sharks is their desire t hunt humans. Actually when sharks attack humans, it is because they mistake a human fr their nrmal prey (猎物),seals r dlphins. They dn’t seek ut humans n purpse. Statistically, yu are mre likely t be struck by lightning than be bitten by a shark.
Sharks are very imprtant t the cean as they are at the tp f the fd chain. Sme sharks even cntrl the balance f an ecsystem thrugh fear alne. Tiger sharks in Australia help prtect seagrass meadws frm turtles. Turtles eat the seagrass and withut the sharks, will destry these meadws. When tiger sharks are present thugh, the turtles are scared away, hlding back their appetite fr seagrass and prtecting its grwth.
Thugh sharks have a reputatin fr being very scary t humans, the sad truth is that they shuld be scared f humans. The number f sharks in the cean is steadily drpping. There are a few reasns fr this. Fr ne, they mature quite slwly, ver several years, and prduce relatively few yung. Fr anther, verfishing f sharks is happening because mre and mre peple want their fins. Abut 100 millin sharks are killed every year accrding t Natinal Gegraphic. Shark fin is a way fr peple t shw ff their wealth. Shark fins are als believed t have medicinal benefits, thugh there is n evidence r prf that they actually d.
8．What d mst peple think abut sharks?
A．They are ugly.
B．They are imprtant
C．They are vilent.
D．They are cmplicated.
9．The authr cmpares shark bites t lightning strikes t shw they are_________.
A．DeadlyB．rareC．unavidableD．unpredictable
10．Why shuld sharks be scared f humans accrding t the authr?
A．Humans keep sharks t shw ff.
B．Humans kill sharks in large quantities.
C．Humans catch sharks fr medical research.
D．Humans are greater in number than sharks
11．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．SOS: Save Our Sharks!
B．Sharks: King f the Ocean
C．Shark Fins: An Eclgical Crisis
D．Sharks: Killers r Misunderstd?
If yu’ve gt mre than ne kid, yu’re shwing favritism, whether yu knw it r nt.
“Parents may favr ne child ver anther, fr a lt f reasns. The child may have an easy temperament (性情) r might behave particularly well r may lk like yu,” says Susan Newman, a psychlgist. “But regardless f the reasn, every child must be made t feel lved and special, in rder t fully develp.” Newman warns that favring ne child ver their siblings (兄弟姐妹) publicly can have a significantly negative effect.
“The unfavred child can feel defeated, and unmtivated, as a result f wrking hard t get parental supprt, with n success,” says Yelena Gidenk, a licensed cunselr. “He rshe may als suffer frm depressin and becme angry, bitter, r jealus,” she adds Children feeling this way may act ut, in an effrt t get their parent’s attentin, making matters wrse. They may als behave inapprpriately, becming the black sheep, which they believe their parents already see. “Unfavred children may have a hard time accepting wh they are, since they d nt feel accepted by their parents,” adds Gidenk.
Favritism is nt exactly a bn fr the favred child, either. Kids wh feel that they are their parent’s favrite smetimes translate that int a g pass fr their behavir in future relatinships. “Favred children may feel a sense f entitlement, and that rules d nt apply t them,” says Gidenk. This can negatively affect the way they act in schl, at wrk, and in their friendships.
It may seem absurd, but the ppsite can als ccur. Favred children may experience anxiety and insecurity, resulting frm their favrite child status. “Children are bservant. They knw when they are getting praise fr things they have nt earned, such as being yur favrite. Fr this reasn, they knw, and fear, that these things might be taken away frmthem at any time, fr any reasn,” says Gidenk
Newman urges parents t remember that it’s nt pssible t treat children equally because they are all different. What parents can, and shuld d is talk t their kids abut hw, and why, they treat them the way they d. “Accrding t research, parents dn’t talkabut this. They dn’t say why ne child gets mre time than anther. If they d, they are preserving their bnd with each child,” says Newman
12．What can we learn abut unfavred children?
A．They want t please their parents
B．They care little abut their siblings.
C．They tend t lack a sense f identity
D．They hpe t be the black sheep f the family.
13．What des the underlined wrd “bn” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Blessing.B．Challenge.C．Hnr.D．Burden.
14．What des Newman suggest parents d in the last paragraph?
A．Treat their children equally
B．Explain themselves t their children
C．Strengthen their bnd with their children
D．Remve the differences between their children
15．What is the text mainly abut?
A．The slutins t parental favritism
B．The cnsequences f parental favritism
C．An analysis f why parents play favrites
D．A cntrast between favred and unfavred children
阅读理解【2024·浙江省宁波市高三上学期第一次模拟】
In September, thusands f mnuments, civic buildings and private hmes thrw pen their drs t ffer a rare glimpse f nrmally f-limits spaces. Here are sme less-knwn treasures arund the UK.
Guided tur f Gladstne’s Library, Hawarden
Gladstne’s Library in Hawarden will be running special turs as part f the Open Drs-Wales festival. It was built as a memrial t prime minister Wiliam Gladstpe, Take a tur f beautiful Reading Rms husing 150,000 bks.
September 16, 10 am-2 pm, bking required.
Britannia Panpticn Music Hall, Glasgw
The atmspheric Britannia Panpticn will be shwing ff its cllectin f theatrical relics, prps and cstumes. Sample Victrian items at the wrld’s ldest surviving music hall withut bking.
September 15 and 16, 11 am-5 pm and September 17, 12 pm-5 pm
Gthic Temple, Stwe Gardens
Visitrs t Stwe Gardens will be ffered a rare chance t see inside the 18th century Gthic Temple. Thugh it’s nrmally rented as a hliday let, its circular rms and msaic ceilings will be pen t prebked visitrs fr ne weekend.
September 16 and 17, 10: 30 am-4: 30 pm, free f charge
Appletn Twer: Schl f Infrmatics, Edinburgh University
As part f Sctland’s Drs Open Days festival, Edinburgh University’s Appletn Twer will be ffering turs f the wrld-leading Schl, including a visit t the study suite n Level 9 which ffers far-reaching views f the Edinburgh skyline.
September 23, 11 am-2 pm, bking in advance.
1．What can visitrs d at Britannia Panpticn Music Hall?
A．They can appreciate theatre-related items
B．They can listen t the ldest surviving music
C．They can visit a study rm with far-reaching scenery.
D．They can read in Reading Rms with 150,000 bks in stre.
2．Which f the fllwing will appeal t architecture fans?
A．Gthic Temple. Stwe Gardens
B．Britannia Panpticn Music Hall, Glasgw.
C．Guided tur f Gladstne’s Library. Hawarden
D．Appletn Twer: Schl f Infrmatics, Edinburgh University
3．What d Guided tur f Gladstne’s Library and Appletn Twer have in cmmn?
A．They bth last fr fur hurs.B．They bth require early reservatins
C．They bth hnr wrld famus figuresD．They bth ffer special views t visitrs.
I was invited t be an instructr at a high-schl leadership camp in Michigan. Abut an hur int the first day, bvius discmfrt and shyness f a by caught my eye. I culd sense that this whle experience was freign t him. He needed a friend. I walked twards him, made my first interactin but failed.
At lunch the next day, as the campers eagerly participated in the camp sng, my gaze wandered ver nise and was caught by the by under the tree, sitting alne and staring ut f the windw. I tried again, with the same questins as befre. He again replied, “Yeah, I’m all right. I just dn’t really get int this stuff.” As I left the cafeteria, I realized this was ging t take mre time and effrt - if it was even pssible t get thrugh t him at all.
Days flew with me spending mre time with him and finally came the camp night when I saw what wuld be ne f the mst vivid memries f my life. The by, nce cnfined t the shadws f the tree, was a dancing wnder. I watched as he shared the meaningful time with peple at whm he culdn’t even lk just days earlier. I culdn’t believe it was the same persn.
A few mnths after the camp, I received an unexpected call frm the by, wh infrmed me f his nging immigratin t a freign cuntry. A lng pause fllwed and then he said, “I went back t schl with cnfidence. I made new friends. My grades went up. The past few mnths were the best f my life.”
In that instant, I realized hw easy it is t give a bit f yurself every day. Yu may never knw hw much each gesture may mean t smene else. I tell this stry as ften as I can, and when I d, I urge thers t lk ut fr their wn “by under the tree”.
4．Hw did the by feel at the beginning f the leadership camp?
A．Anxius and bred.B．Uneasy and lnely.
C．Prud and enthusiastic.D．Cmfrtable and cnfident.
5．What did the authr suggest by mentining “a dancing wnder” in Paragraph 3?
A．The by was expert in dancing.B．The by became the fcus f the camp.
C．The by cntributed cnsiderably t the camp night.D．The by began t pen up and scialize with thers.
6．The by called the authr mainly t .
A．shw ff his recent prgressB．express his gratitude t the authr
C．recall the best memries in the campD．share cncerns abut the appraching immigratin
7．What message des the stry cnvey?
A．Camps help students shape their character
B．Every student has the pprtunity t shine.
C．Sincere care makes a difference t students’ grwth.
D．Reserved students face mre challenges in their lives.
When driving, Clara-Marina Martinez takes dwn any unusual behaviur she sees n the rad. She then feeds these int machine-learning algrithms (算法), a frm f AI, which are intended t prduce a system reliable enugh fr a car t drive itself withut any disturbance frm the driver, and cpe with all situatins n the rad. But this prving hard t achieve, carmakers chse t scale back many attempts t d s. Last year, fr instance, Uber, a ride-hailing service, sld ff its unit develping self-driving cars at a lw price.
Autnmus vehicles are basted as being nt just cnvenient but ptentially safer. Hwever, just as peple take time t learn hw t drive safely, machines are n exceptin. The RAND Crpratin, an American think-tank, calculates that t develp a system 20% safer than a human driver, a fleet f 100 self-driving cars wuld have t perate 24 hurs a day, 365 days a year, and cver 14 billin kilmetres. At average rad speeds, that wuld take abut 400 years.
Carmakers such as Prsche therefre accelerate the develpment prcess using simulatrs (模拟器). These teach sftware abut danger nly rarely encuntered in reality. Dr Martinez and her clleagues emply “game engines”, the prgrams that generate pht realistic images in cmputer games, t d this. These are used t create virtual wrlds thrugh which the sftware can drive.
Hw quickly, if ever, all this will translate int reality remains t be seen. Bth regulatrs and custmers will need t vercme dubt that a sftware driver really can be safer than human. Frm Prsche’s pint f view, thugh, there is ne ther relevant questin. Given that much f the reasn fr wning a sprts car is fr wners t shw ff what they regard as their driving skills, just hw big a market will there be fr a versin where sftware takes thse basting rights away?
8．What d the underlined wrds “scale back” mean in Paragraph 1?
A．MakeB．Overlk.C．Encurage.D．Reduce.
9．The learning prcess f autnmus vehicles’ safe driving can be described as___________.
A．time-cnsumingB．fast-pacedC．thught-prvkingD．well-designed
10．What challenge d autnmus vehicles bring t Prsche?
A．Ensuring the pleasure f drivingB．Making their sprts cars affrdable.
C．Remving public dubts abut safety.D．Integrating game engines int their vehicles.
11．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Prsche: Sprts Cars at RiskB．Self-driving Cars: Still Sme Way t G
C．Simulatrs: The Cre f Autnmus VehiclesD．Machine Learning Algrithms: The Arrival f Al
Gldfish may seem like simple creatures swimming in a glass tank, but they pssess a rather cmplicated navigatin system, as discvered by researchers at the University f Oxfrd Led by Dr. Adelaide Sibeaux, the study aims t shed light n ur understanding f hw fish, and ptentially humans, estimate distances using what culd be described as an internal GPS.
Writing in the jurnal Prceedings f the Ryal Sciety B, Sibeaux and clleagues reprt hw they created a tank in their experiment with 2cm-wide black and white vertical stripes (条纹) n the walls, cnnected by similar stripes acrss the flr. The team trained nine gldfish t swim a set distance f 70cm and then return t their starting pint when waved at. The experiment aimed t investigate hw the fish wuld estimate this distance withut any gestures, under different patterns.
Over multiple trials, the gldfish averaged a swim distance f 74cm, give r take 17cm, when presented with the vertical 2cm-wide stripes. Hwever, when the stripe pattern was altered t either narrwer vertical stripes, checked patterns, r hrizntal stripes, the fish’s behavir changed significantly. Narrwer vertical stripes led them t verestimating the distance by 36%, while hrizntal stripes resulted in highly incnsistent estimatins.
Accrding t the researchers, the gldfish appeared t be using an “ptic (光学的) flw mechanism” based n the visual density f their envirnment. They kept track f hw frequently the vertical pattern switched between black and white t estimate hw far they had traveled. The study suggests that different ptic flw mechanisms are used by mammals, including humans, based n angular (有角度的) mtin f visual features. The study implies that the use f visually based distance infrmatin culd have emerged early in the evlutinary timeline.
“This study is nvel because, despite knwing that fish respnd t gemetric infrmatin regarding directin and distance, we dn’t knw hw they estimate distances,” Prfessr Clin Lever, althugh nt invlved in the study, said, “it’s exciting t explre fish spatial mapping because fish navigatin evlved earlier and better than mst mammals.”
12．Why did Dr. Adelaide Sibeaux cnduct the study n gldfish?
A．T test the accuracy f gldfish’s internal GPS.
B．T create an advanced navigatin system fr humans
C．T uncver hw an inbuilt GPS helps calculate distances.
D．T explre the relatinships between gldfish and humans
13．What can we learn abut the experiment?
A．Peple gestured the gldfish thrughut the experiment
B．The tank was decrated with clrful backgrund patterns
C．Gldfish tended t underestimate distances with hrizntal stripes.
D．The change in the tank setting led t the gldfish's incrrect judgment.
14．It can be cncluded frm the furth paragraph that ____________.
A．ptic flw mechanism is unique t humans
B．mammals develped flw mechanism lng befre gldfish
C．gldfish evaluated the distance with multidimensinal visual infrmatin
D．visual density f the envirnment strengthened the lcating ability f gldfish
15．What attitude des Prfessr Clin hld twards the study?
A．Neutral.B．Ambiguus.C．Disapprving.D．Favrable.
阅读理解【2024·浙江省温州市高三上学期11月第一次适应性考试】
Thanks Fr Giving 4 Miler
Thurs. Nvember 23, 2023
The Event
Sign up tday fr the 2023 Thanks Fr Giving 4 Miler and Kids Dash that will take place this Thanksgiving in New Albany! Cme ut and jin us fr a fun kick ff t Thanksgiving Day festivities! As always, 100% f ur net prceeds g t help thse in need.
All are welcme, including cmpetitive runners, jggers, and walkers wanting t enjy time with friends and lved nes. Registratin ends n Nvember 22, 2023.
The Fee
There is n fficial race fee. Yu can give as much r as little as yu want. Hwever-a $40 minimum dnatin is required t get ur sft T-shirt. Our gal is t feed as many families in Central Ohi as we can. Yu can help by running ur race, spreading the wrd, r making a dnatin. Yu may bring any dnatin yu want, frm a can f sup t cash. Let’s make a difference.
Event Day Timeline
6:30 am: Race day check-in begins.
8:00 am: Opening ceremny (仪式) begins!
8:15 am: Kids Dash begins!
8:30 am: The Thanks Fr Giving 4 Miler kicks ff!
Awards
The tp three verall male and female finishers will receive a gift certificate. The tp three male and female finishers in each f the fllwing age grups will receive a pumpkin (南瓜) pie: 14 and under, 15-19, 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40-44, 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, 65-69, 70 and abve. Every participant f the kids race receives a finisher’s medal!
Safety
Fr safety, please n bicycles, skatebards, inline skates, r participatin with pets.
1．What is Thanks Fr Giving 4 Miler and Kids Run?
A．A marathn race.B．A charity event.
C．A kid-targeted activity.D．A hliday get-tgether.
2．What will a man ranking secnd in his age grup be sure t win?
A．A sft T-shirt.B．A pumpkin pie.
C．A gift certificate.D．A finisher’s medal.
3．What is required fr participatin?
A．Bringing a dnatin.
B．Reaching a certain age.
C．Registering in advance.
D．Wearing safety equipment.
Five-year-ld Mustafa is smiling fr the first time in ages. She did nt receive a new ty r her favrite candy; rather, she gt a wig (假发).
Mustafa had t g thrugh painful prcedures after being diagnsed (诊断) with cancer at an early age. Her father expressed her sadness when she lst her hair after mnths f chemtherapy (化疗). “She saw children her age jumping in playgrunds and spending hurs styling their hair, while she culdn’t. Lsing her hair made her hpeless, negatively impacting her respnse t treatment,” the girl’s father said.
Cming frm a less frtunate family, Mustafa nw sits in a humble hairdresser’s in Cair, sliding her fingers thrugh her new lng hair as she lks in the mirrr with fresh enthusiasm. Behind that smile and renewed cnfidence is Salam, frm Egypt, wh has been persnally funding and designing free wigs fr children with cancer t give them pwer t defeat their illness.
Salam tk up his missin when he saw a viral vide n scial media f a yung cancer patient wh was excited at receiving a new wig. It was the mment when he decided t prvide free wigs t children with cancer t lift up their spirits. “Many families can barely affrd expensive cancer treatment csts, let alne cstly csmetic (美容) services that can play a huge rle in restring children’s cnfidence and giving them strength t cntinue their treatment,” said Salam.
As part f the self-funded initiative, Salam purchases the necessary requirements t make a wig, while his father helps design hairstyles t serve different children. S far, Salam has helped ver 15 children walk ut f his shp empwered with big smiles.
Despite the several challenges, Salam said making wigs gives him as much happiness as it des fr his yung custmers. “Children need the emtinal and mral supprt t g thrugh this tugh illness.” He added, “Lsing their hair drives them t withdraw int themselves ut f fear and embarrassment. I cannt help in their treatment, but I can help them get thrugh it.”
4．Why are a ty and candy mentined in paragraph 1?
A．T suggest the girl’s age.
B．T imply a serius illness.
C．T shw the shrtage f tys.
D．T highlight the value f the wig.
5．What can be learned frm the father’s wrds?
A．Hair style matters much.
B．Sprts benefit Mustafa.
C．Hair lss depressed Mustafa.
D．Mustafa’s treatment failed.
6．What led t Salam’s decisin n the missin?
A．His sympathy.
B．Family supprt.
C．Gvemment fund.
D．Mustafa’s enthusiasm.
7．What kind f persn is Salam accrding t the passage?
A．Cautius and creative.B．Inspiring and talented.
C．Caring and determined.D．Ambitius and patient.
The integratin f artificial intelligence (AI) in educatinal technlgy (EdTech) has brught incmparable cnvenience and efficiency t classrms wrldwide. Hwever, despite these advancements, it is crucial t recgnize the challenges these AI-driven tls pse t the autnmy and prfessinal judgment f instructrs.
One f its primary cncerns is the depersnalizatin f instructin. These tls ften rely n pre-packaged digital cntent and standardized slutins, leaving insufficient rm fr instructrs t tailr their teaching methds. Each student pssesses unique characteristics. Instructrs, armed with their wealth f experience and knwledge, are best psitined t tailr their appraches t these individual needs. Hwever, AI-driven tls restrict their ability t d s effectively, resulting in a ne-size-fits-all apprach that fails t inspire students t reach their maximum ptential.
EdTech cmpanies ffer step-by-step slutins t textbk prblems. These are intended t act as study aids. Hwever, sme students emply this feature as a means t merely cpy slutins withut cmprehending cncepts. Cnsequently, instances f cheating n assignments and exams becme widespread. While these tls may ffer cnvenience, students may use external resurces r cperate with thers during quizzes, affecting the hnesty f their learning utcmes.
The implicatins f this depersnalizatin and the increase in academic dishnesty are far-reaching. By decreasing the rle f instructrs as facilitatrs f meaningful educatinal interactins, we run the risk f preventing the grwth f critical thinking and prblem-slving skills amng students. Educatin shuld nt nly fcus n knwledge acquisitin, but shuld als develp the ability t analyze, evaluate, and apply that knwledge in real-wrld cntexts. It shuld help ne’s mind grw, nt simply memrize infrmatin. Thrugh dynamic classrm discussins, cperative prjects, and hands-n activities, instructrs play a crucial rle in develping these essential skills.
While AI-driven EdTech tls undeniably have their virtues, we must nt lse sight f the imprtance f preserving instructr autnmy and educatinal experience. Instead f relying nly n pre-packaged cntent and standardized slutins, these tls shuld be designed t empwer instructrs t adapt and custmize their appraches while taking full advantage f the benefits f technlgy.
8．What d the underlined wrds “the depersnalizatin f instructin” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Tailred methds fr individuals.B．Instructrs’ dependence n Al.
C．Insufficient resurces f Al-driven tls.D．The ne-size-fits-all apprach.
9．What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A．A pssible slutin.
B．A further prblem.
C．A well-meant intentin.
D．A suggested applicatin
10．In what aspect d students suffer mst with AI-driven EdTech educatin?
A．Thinking skills.B．Teamwrk building.
C．Interest develpment.D．Knwledge acquisitin.
11．What is cnveyed abut Al-driven EdTech tls in the last paragraph?
A．They shuld be used widely.
B．Their benefits deserve ur attentin.
C．Their resurces need enriching.
D．They shuld supprt instructr autnmy.
In 1970s, a psychlgist named J. P. Guilfrd cnducted a famus study f creativity knwn as the nine-dt puzzle (九点谜题). He challenged research subjects t cnnect all nine dts using just fur straight lines withut lifting their pencils frm the page. All the participants limited the pssible slutins t thse within the imaginary square. Only 20 percent managed t break ut f the cnfinement (束缚) and cntinue their lines in the white space surrunding the dts.
The fact that 80 percent f the participants were effectively blinded by the bundaries f the square led Guilfrd t jump t the sweeping cnclusin that creativity requires yu t g utside the bx. The idea went viral. Overnight, it seemed that creativity experts everywhere were teaching managers hw t think utside the bx. The cncept enjyed such strng ppularity that n ne bthered t check the facts. N ne, that is, befre tw different research teams-Clarke Burnham with Kenneth Davis, and Jseph Alba with Rbert Weisberg-ran anther experiment.
Bth teams fllwed the same way f dividing participants int tw grups. The first grup was given the same instructins as the participants in Guilfrd’s experiment. The secnd grup was tld that the slutin required the lines t be drawn utside the imaginary bx. Guess what? Only 25 percent slved the puzzle. In statistical terms, this 5 percent imprvement is insignificant as this culd be called sampling errr.
Let’s lk a little mre clsely at the surprising result. Slving this prblem requires peple t literally think utside the bx. Yet participants’ perfrmance was nt imprved even when they were given specific instructins t d s. That is, direct and clear instructins t think utside the bx did nt help. That this advice is useless shuld effectively have killed ff the much widely spread — and therefre, much mre dangerus — metaphr (比喻) that ut-f-the-bx thinking bsts creativity. After all, with ne simple yet brilliant experiment, researchers had prven that the cnceptual link between thinking utside the bx and creativity was a misunderstanding.
12．What did the nine-dt puzzle study fcus n?
A．Visual perceptin.
B．Thinking patterns.
C．Practical experience.
D．Theretical knwledge.
13．Why did the tw research teams run the fllw-up experiment?
A．T test the catchy cncept.
B．T cntradict the initial idea.
C．T cllect supprting evidence
D．T identify the underlying lgic.
14．Which f the fllwing best describes the fllw-up experiment?
A．Grundless.B．Inspiring.C．Fruitless.D．Revealing.
15．Which is the best title fr the passage?
A．Puzzle Slving: A Key T Creativity
B．Thinking Outside the Bx: A Misguided Idea
C．Nine-Dt Puzzle: A Magic Test
D．Creative Thinking: We Fell Fr The Trap
阅读理解【2024·浙江金华第一中学月考】
Camping tips: Which vernight wilderness experience is right fr yu?
If yu’re an experienced backpacker, read n further. This article is fr camping rkies, thse wh have never slept beneath the stars r haven’t pitched a tent since their yuth but are seriusly thinking abut vernighting in the wilderness.
Car camping
At its mst basic, car camping invlves packing a tent, sleeping bag, fld-up chair, cler and camp stve int yur vehicle and staying at a drive-up campgrund. Nearly every natinal park, and many state and cunty parks and private facilities, ffer drive-up campgrunds with restrms, ptable water, fire rings r pits, and maybe even ht shwers. S there are lts f chices.
The dwnside f car camping is the fact that these campgrunds are ften packed with ther campers. Nt a lt f privacy, they can be nisy, and pssibly hinder yur quest f cmmuning with nature.
Backpacking
N vehicle required; just yur feet and a gd pair f hiking bts r shes t get yu t the next vernight spt. A multi-day hiking trip is withut dubt the mst immersive way t experience the great utdrs.
Different frm maybe car camping, it requires the least expense and equipment. All yu really need are a backpack, sleeping bag, water bttle, small first-aid kit, enugh fd t last the entire travel. It can be dne just abut anywhere n the planet.
Bat Camping
While this des invlve wning r renting a watercraft r using a ferry r water taxi service t reach the vernight site, camping via cane, kayak, raft r bat ffers a similar get-away-frm-it-all adventure as backpacking.
Experienced paddlers and baters usually prefer t camp n their wn alng a secluded shreline. But many adventure r wilderness utfitters ffer guided trips that can last anywhere frm a cuple f days t tw r three weeks. With a bat, yu can smetimes camp places that nt even backpackers can reach.
1．Wh are the intended readers?
A．Red-blded malesB．White-cllar staff
C．Blue-blded turistsD．Green-hand campers
2．What can yu learn frm the passage?
A．Backpacking allws yu t cmmunicate with nature deeply.
B．Car camping is the mst ecnmic way t experience nature.
C．The drive-up campgrunds prvide peple with private envirnment.
D．Bat camping ffers the same adventures as backpacking.
3．In which clumn will yu find this passage?
A．FeatureB．StyleC．TravelD．Entertainment
Shawn Triplett knew there was a desperate need t help the children f Mayfield, Kentucky, after a deadly strm struck the twn.
Mayfield was ne f the twns hardest hit after a line f strms crssed the central US n Friday night and Saturday mrning. Triplett- a Mayfield resident and a frmer sldier — was in Chicag that Friday night. Alarmed by the weather reprts, his wife and tw yung children went t stay in a htel f the nearby twn, Paducah, withut suffering the strms and ultimately ut f the path f the trnades(龙卷风).
Able t return hme the next mrning, Triplett was shcked by hw the twn was destryed and wanted t help hwever he culd. He arrived at the vlunteer center, where he was asked t guide a pht-jurnalist thrugh streets filled with remains. That night, the tw returned t shelters where they saw many suffered families including ne wman cmfrting her sn ver their lst Christmas.
“It was very heartbreaking, t much fr me t handle, ” he said. Therefre, he decided that mre needed t be dne fr the children affected by the strm. Nticing that supplies available were essentials such as generatrs (发 电机) and bttled water, he turned t his friends n scial media fr dnatins s that he culd g t Walmart and purchase tys and gifts fr the kids. Arund $2, 000 were raised, and the stre gave Triplett a discunt upn learning f his effrts. As wrd spread n websites, mre dnatins pured in. He was able t return the fllwing day and anther $6,000 was spent n tys and bard games, he said. Frty pairs f shes were als picked up at a lcal She Sensatin. Triplett and ther vlunteers will wrap and distribute the tys fr any child r family in need. He credits the kindness f everyne wh tried t help and get families back n their feet right befre the hlidays.
4．Why were Triplett and his families safe frm the disaster?
A．They were rescued by sldiers.B．They didn’t cme back t Mayfield.
C．They were helped by an aid agency.D．They happened t be travelling in Chicag.
5．What did Triplett see in the shelters?
A．A vlunteer cleaning the street.B．A by crying fr his lst families.
C．A pht-jurnalist taking pictures.D．A mther calming her child dwn.
6．What d Triplett’s dnatins mainly cntain?
A．First-aid kits.B．Emergency fd.C．Essential supplies.D．Entertainment items.
7．Which f the fllwing can best describe Triplett?
A．Generus and hard-wrking.B．Brave and energetic.
C．Sympathetic and warm-hearted.D．Fresighted and determined.
Many peple have participated int lts f virtual meetings these years. Sme research shws this adjustment might nt impact wrkplace prductivity t any great degree. A new study, thugh, suggests therwise.
In the study, 602 participants were randmly paired and asked t cme up with creative uses fr a prduct. They were als randmly selected t wrk tgether either in persn r virtually. The pairs were then ranked by assessing their ttal number f ideas, as well as thse cncepts’ degree f nvelty, and asked t submit their best idea. Amng the grups, virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas, suggesting that smething abut face-t-face interactin generates mre creative ideas. The findings culd stiffen emplyers' reslve t urge r require their emplyees t cme back t the ffice.
“We ran this experiment based n feedback frm cmpanies that it was harder t innvate with remte wrkers,” said lead researcher Melanie Brucks.“Unlike ther frms f virtual cmmunicatin, like phne calls r e-mail, videcnferencing cpies the in-persn experience quite well, s I was surprised when we fund meaningful differences between in-persn and vide interactin fr idea generatin.”
When randm bjects were placed in bth the virtual and physical rms, the virtual pairs f participants spent mre time lking directly at each ther rather than letting their lk wander abut the rm and taking in the entire scene. Eyeing ne's whle envirnment and nticing the randm bjects were assciated with increased idea generatin. On platfrms, the screen ccupies ur interactins. Our lk wavers less. “Lking away might cme acrss as rude,” said Brucks,“s we have t lk at the screen because that is the defined cntext f the interactin, the same way we wuldn't walk t anther rm while talking t smene in persn.”
Like mst educatrs, Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past three years, and she did ntice sme benefits f the apprach as well. Her students were mre likely t take turns speaking and her shyer students spke up mre ften, rid f the anxiety that cmes frm addressing a large classrm. Brucks fund that ne slutin t imprving virtual idea generatin might be t simply turn ff the camera, fr her students felt “freer” and mre creative when asked t d s. And this may be sund advice fr the wrkplace.
8．What des the underlined wrd “stiffen” in Paragraph 2 mst prbably mean?
A．Shake.B．Revise.C．Challenge.D．Strengthen.
9．What can we infer frm the passage?
A．Creative ideas may emerge frm casual thughts.
B．Participants shuld make eye cntact in an nline meeting.
C．The feedback frm cmpanies were surprising and valuable.
D．Videcnferencing can't cmpare with in-persn cmmunicatin.
10．Hw des the authr mainly develp the text?
A．By giving example.B．By drawing cnclusins.
C．By raising questins.D．By cmparing situatins.
11．What can we learn abut Brucks’ students?
A．They relieved anxiety by speaking up.B．They prgressed in fcusing attentin.
C．They tk advantage f virtual learning.D．They displayed talent fr public speaking.
Fr many Americans, regular exercise is a cmplicated cmmitment—ne made at the beginning f January that fades ut within weeks r mnths. Busy wrk schedules, a lack f mtivatin and unease twards exercising in public all cntribute t the discuraging statistics that nly arund a quarter f adults exercise enugh per week.
This mnth, enterptiser Trent Ward and designer Yves Behar are uncvering their design fr a mirrr fitness system, Frme. Frme is reflective like a mirrr, uses machine learning t heighten wrkuts, and ffers attachments including ankle belts, rpe handles and a heart rate mnitr. When nt in use, the tw arms that frm the resistance pulley (滑轮) system fld behind it and the display screen disappears, turning Frme int a simple full—length mirrr.
Interest in hme exercise has particularly increased recently arund the wrld. Hme wrkut apps have seen a significant uptick in dwnlads, and trendy brands like Peltn have rlled ut free virtual wrkuts fr everyne stuck indrs. One French athlete wh was kept away frm thers chse t run an entire marathn n his 23-ft balcny.
But beynd the new restrictins affecting daily wrkut rutines, Ward and Behar are tapping int the same cncerns that have made every hme wrkut appealing：the ability t save time and sweat in the privacy f ne’s hme. In an age f persnal metrics (衡量标准)--where ne can measure their heart rate and sleep cycles with smart watches and train fr marathns with AI smart sneakers----Ward and Behar want t imprve exercise thrugh machine learning. Frme evaluates perfrmance and adjusts weights accrdingly. Easy access t ne’s wn perfrmance data als makes it easier t track that prgress and stay mtivated.
Thugh it’s t sn t tell if mirrr gyms will be the trend f the late 2010s t 2020s, Behar explained that having a screen in the hme can becme the basis fr mre than just fitness, such as shpping r telemedicine.
12．What des paragraph 2 mainly fcus n?.
A．The ways t perate Frme.B．The features f Frme.
C．The reasns t develp Frme.D．The thery behind Frme.
13．Hw can Peltn benefit its users?
A．By ffering them nline wrkuts fr free.
B．By raising their interest in marathn.
C．By keeping them far away frm thers.
D．By entertaining them with all kinds f dwnlads.
14．What makes hme wrkut appealing accrding t paragraph 4?
A．The better results than utdr activities.
B．The fresher air at hme.
C．The privacy f hme.
D．The cnvenient access t mass data.
15．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Can Frme Have Mre Pwerful Functins?
B．Des Regular Exercise Keep up with New Technlgy?
C．Is the New Trend f Smart Machines at Hme available?
D．Is this AI—Pwered "Mirrr Gym" the Future f Hme Exercise?
阅读理解【2024·浙江省杭州市第九中学统测】
Guided turs at the Natinal Museum at Suth Kingstn
Out f Hurs Titan Turs
Bk a tur with ne f ur knwledgeable tur guides t get up clse t all the main characters in ur wrld-famus Dinsaurs gallery. Yu’ll get t learn hw dinsaurs were first discvered, hw they adapted t life n Earth and why they’re s imprtant t ur science tday.
13:00-14:00 Weekends nly.
Behind the Lens Tur
Have yu ever wndered why wildlife phtgraphy can be used t make a difference t the natural wrld? Jin ur hsts fr a special tur f the Wildlife Phtgrapher f the Year exhibitin and discver the stries behind the phts. We will intrduce yu t sme surprising stries as well as the impact that these phts have had n wildlife cnservatin effrts.
9:00-10:00 Wednesday & Friday.
Behind the Scenes Tur: Spirit Cllectin
G behind the scenes with ur science educatrs fr a lk at the Museum’s fascinating zlgy cllectin preserved. As we explre sme f the Darwin Centre’s 27 kilmeters f shelves, yu’ll encunter treasures hidden amng the 22 millin animal specimens (标本)hused here.
14:00-15:00 Mnday clsed.
Histry f the Natural Histry Museum Tur
With stries stretching frm Waterhuse t Darwin, yu’ll get t jurney thrugh time and discver mre abut hw the incredible ‘Cathedral f Nature’ became wrld-famus. What’s mre, nce the tur is finished, yu will have the pprtunity t visit the whle Museum at yur wn pace, newly equipped with yur behind-the-scenes knwledge.
14:00-15:00 Mnday t Friday.
1．What can yu d n Behind the Lens Tur?
A．Tell stries abut nature.
B．Dig int wildlife phtgraphy.
C．Discver tips t take phts.
D．Jin in a grup t prtect wildlife.
2．Which tur can yu take if yu g t the museum n Mnday afternn?
A．Out f Hurs Titan Turs.
B．Behind the Lens Tur.
C．Behind the Scenes Tur: Spirit Cllectin.
D．Histry f the Natural Histry Museum Tur.
3．In what clumn f the museum website culd yu find the text?
A．Shp.B．Jin and Supprt.
C．What’s n.D．Membership.
The turn f the year is traditinally the time fr reviewing ne’s life, and perhaps fr making sme reslutins as t what t cncentrate n in the cming year; and fr many years past I have taken advantage f the hliday perid t review my wn gal and ambitin.
One thing I d decide t d this year, with sme unwillingness, is t give up writing the Grumpy Old Bkman clumn in this magazine. It’s nt that I’ve lst interest in the bk wrld, yu understand. But Lenard Wlf, husband f writer Virginia Wl, used t say that a man shuld change his career every seven years. Thugh persnally I wuld say that changing yur whle career s ften is ging a bit far, I d find, during my wn wrking life, that it acts as a great refresher if yu can ccasinally try a new jb within the same rganizatin r line f business.
It is in fact well ver 15 years since ur editr wrte t me and asked if I wuld be interested in writing a regular piece abut what was, even then, a rapidly changing publishing scene. He apprached me because since 2004 I had been writing a regular blg called, amazingly enugh, Grumpy Old Bkman.
As my mnthly survey f develpments in bth traditinal and digital publishing cntinued, in this magazine, I began t realize that writers in this century, f bth fictin and nn-fictin, are living in smething clse t a paradise. Once, yu struggled fr years t find a publisher—r an agent if yu wanted ne—but nw yu can publish yur wn stuff, either digitally r in paperback, withut it csting yu a penny piece. Amazing.
After abut five years f prducing such clumns, at just under a thusand wrds a time, it ccurred t me that, rather than let these essays drift away n the seas f time, it might be f value t ptential readers t publish my thughts and cmments in bk frm. Hence, in 2014, I published the first 69 GOB clumns in paperback frmat, using Amazn’s Create space facilities. Title: Writers Rejice! A mnthly diary f the dawn f the digital age, which was my first trial. And nw I sincerely wish a new 2022.
4．Why des the authr want t give up writing the clumn?
A．He fllws Lenard Wlf’s suggestin.
B．He is very keen n trying smething new.
C．He is fed up with the career linked t bks.
D．He’s used t changing his jb every seven years.
5．Accrding t the authr, what can be inferred frm Paragraph 4?
A．It is a blessing t live in the present times.
B．Publishing industry is a prfitable business.
C．It is rather hard t publish bks nwadays.
D．Nw it is amazing t find a publisher easily.
6．What d yu think f the authr?
A．Purpseful and gd at self-reflecting.
B．Dedicated but easy t dubt himself.
C．Emtinal and gd at cntrlling himself.
D．Ambitius but reluctant t change himself,
7．What des the authr mainly want t tell us?
A．Giving up timely is anther virtue.
B．The beginning f a year is a new start.
C．Reflectin can drive us t push frward.
D．Changing the jb means a new pprtunity.
As a kid grwing up in a suburb f Lndn, I lved t g lking fr the perfect park bench. Sme Sunday mrnings, my dad culd be persuaded t drive t new parks. We’d have a kick-arund with a sccer ball, share a bag f Dtrits and check ut all the benches in the area, reading the wrds n them.
The gd park bench leaves me in a state, smewhere between nstalgia (怀旧) and eager antic ratin (一份滑稽). Where nce I was excited by the wrds carved n wd, I nw find, as a 10-year-ld, that I’m mre appreciative f each bench’s quiet sticism (坦然谈定), the way they are willing t wait ut their tum in every weather, remaining available t all-cmers. Like a gd bk r piece f music, a park bench allws fr a sense f slitude and cmmunity at the same time, which is crucial t life in a great city.
Part f my recessin with park benches is as spaces where histry settles. By planting seeds f curisity, and making space fr reflectin, park benches becme drs t the past. Maybe that’s the greatest pwer f the park bench: its rapacity (贪婪) encurages the art f bservatin. A gd bench catches us in ur quietest, mst vulnerable (脆弱的) mments, when we may be pen t imagining new nanauves and revisiting ld nes. Our masks are taken ff, hung frm the bench’s wrught irn (锻铁). On ther nearby benches,babies are being burped (打嗝). Glances exchanged. Sandwiches eaten. Newspapers read it.
Lately, I’ve fund me sitting n a lt f cramped metal benches f the kind that dn’t invite yu t stay lng, r uneasy nes that leave yu cld. That’s because public seating is becming an endangered species. Our cities are becming mre like Disneyland, which has been quietly remving public seating and replacing it with mre restaurant seating. If yu want a mment’s rest in 2Ist-century America, yu have t pen yur wallet.
One recent Sunday, I wandered thrugh Central Park. T be in Central Park in what is hpefully the pandemic’s twilight is t be reminded f the beauty f living in a city that still makes space fr park benches in the mdem cityscape.
8．Hw did the writer lead in the tpic?
A．By describing the scene f the park.B．By intrducing his childhd experience.
C．By revealing his passin fr Lndn.D．By shwing his father’s affectin fr him.
9．What can we learn abut the writer after he grew up?
A．He liked the feel park benches brught t him.B．He enjyed the peace in the park very much.
C．He was still crazy abut the wrds n the bench.D．He was suffering great frustratin in his 40s.
10．What des the underlined wrd “slitude” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Achievements.B．Lss.C．Happiness.D．Privacy.
11．Why is public seating becming an endangered species?
A．It is cmmercialized.B．It is usually made f metal.
C．It is quite ut f date.D．It is uncmfrtable t sit there.
In the threatening truble f climate change, grwing cmmercial crps n slar farms is a ptentially efficient use f agricultural land that can bth increase cmmercial fd prductin and imprve slar panel perfrmance and lngevity(寿命), accrding t a new Crnell research.
“We nw have, fr the first time, a physics-based tl t estimate the csts and benefits f c-lcating slar panels and cmmercial agriculture in terms f increased pwer cnversin efficiency and slar-pancl lngevity, ” said lead authr Henry Williams, a dctral student in Crnell Engineering.
“There is ptential fr agrivltaic (农业光伏) systems-where agriculture and slar panels cexist-t prvide increased passive cling thrugh taller panel heights, mre reflective grund cver and higher evaptranspiratin (蒸散) rates cmpared t traditinal slar farms,” said Max Zhang, prfessr in the Sibley Schl f Mechanical and Aerspace Engineering, “We can generate renewable electricity and cnserve farmland thrugh agrivltaic systems.” In New Yrk, fr example, abut 40% f slar farm capacity has been develped n agricultural lands, while abut 84% f land suitable fr slar develpment is agricultural, accrding t a previus research study frm Zhang’s grup.
The engineers shwed that slar panels munted ver vegetatin reveal surface temperature drps cmpared t thse built ver bare grund. Slar panels were munted 4 meters abve a cttn crp and the slar panels shwed temperature reductins by up t 10 degrees Celsius, cmpared with thse munted a half-meter abve bare sil.
“As yu decrease the slar panel perating temperature, yu can increase efficiency and imprve the lngevity f yur slar panels, ” said Williams, “We’re shwing duble benefits. On ne hand, yu have fd prductin fr farmers, and n the ther hand, we’ve shwn imprved lngevity and imprved cnversin efficiency fr slar develpers.”
“Up t this pint, mst f the benefits frm agrivltaic systems have been arund areas with abundant sunshine, ” said Zhang, “This research is taking a step tward evaluating the applicatin f agrivltaics in climates representative f the Nrtheastern U. S. in relaxing the land-use cmpetitin it faces.”
12．What des the new Crnell research cnvey?
A．Grwing cmmercial crps can relieve climate change.
B．It’s cstly t imprve slar panel perfrmance and lngevity.
C．Cmmercial agriculture can increase pwer cnversin efficiency.
D．The cexistence f slar panels and cmmercial crps is mutually beneficial.
13．Why des the authr list the figures in paragraph 3?
A．T shw the prmising future f agrivltaics.
B．T indicate the lack f slar farms in New Yrk.
C．T tell agricultural lands are based n slar farms.
D．T demnstrate agricultural farms are mre develped.
14．What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A．The Nrtheastern US is rich in agricultural lands.
B．Ht climate znes are ideal fr develping agrivltaics.
C．The research made a breakthrugh in land-use cmpetitin.
D．The applicatin f agrivltaics in Nrtheastern US prved practical.
15．Which is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Appraches t Tackling Wrld Climate Change
B．Methds f Increasing Agricultural Prductin
C．Agrivltaics Have Been Well Received in the US
D．Grwing Crps at Slar Farms Generates Higher Efficiency
阅读理解【2024·浙江省湖州丽水衢州三市期中教学质量检测】
Fur Bks abut Curius Creatures
In these brilliant bks find ut abut fleas, fxes and sme unexpected friendships.
Animal Sidekicks
by Macken Murphy.
Illustrated by Dragan Krdic
This illustrated bk explres the idea f symbisis-animals that frm amazing relatinships t help each ther. Yu'll learn abut clwnfish living peacefully with pisnus sea anemne, the frg that lives with a tarantula, and lts mre.
The Secret Life f Fxes
by Chle Petrylak.
Have yu ever sptted a fx n the streets f yur twn at night r even in yur back garden? Wildlife enthusiasts will lve finding ut mre abut the mysterius lives f fxes. As well as lts f interesting infrmatin, this bk includes great ideas fr ways t help fxes near yu.
Please Dn't Bite Me
by Nazzy Pakpur.
Illustrated by Owen Davey
Did yu knw that wasps can build nests as much as five metres wide? Or that fleas can jump 150 times their wn height? Hw d msquites track yu dwn? This interesting illustrated bk digs ut the surprising lives f sme f the buzzing, biting and stinging insects that are all arund.
Stne age beasts
by BenLerwill.
Illustrated by Grahame Baker-Smith
Travel back in time t meet incredible creatures in this beautiful bk. It features many f the prehistric animals that ur human ancestrs wuld have met face-t-face in the Stne Age. Learn abut the wlly mammth, the sabre-tthed cat, and the six-metre snake that nce slithered alng the frest flr.
1．In which bk can yu find the fish that help clean sharks' teeth?
A．Animal Sidekicks.B．The Secret Life f Fxes.C．Please Dn't Bite Me.D．Stne Age Beasts.
2．Hw is the bk The Secret Life f Fxes different frm thers?
A．It deals with a curius creature.B．It has n illustratins in the bk.
C．It nly attracts wildlife enthusiasts.D．It desn't mentin relatinships f creatures.
3．What kind f creatures are mentined in the bk Stne Age Beasts?
A．Amazing and giant cean life.B．Mysterius and fascinating birds.
C．Interesting and surprising insects.D．Unbelievable and ancient animals.
Frm the time he was a yung by, Jim Haskins always had a bk in his hand. While ther kids were utside playing ball, Jim was usually reading. He culd be fund in ne f his favrite places: curled up underneath the kitchen table r up in the tree that grew in his frnt yard.
Jim was brn in Demplis, Alabama, during the time f segregatin (隔离). Because Jim was Black, he was nt allwed t check ut a single bk at the public library. Libraries were fr whites nly. The laws f segregatin separated Jim frm all the bks he lnged t read. But Jim was determined. He cnvinced a teacher at schl t lend him bks f her wn. He even managed t get sme public library bks thrugh a white wman whm his mm wrked fr ding laundry.
When Jim was a teenager, Black Americans’ struggle fr equal rights was becming the civil rights mvement. Many brave peple were taking risks by refusing t fllw unfair segregatin laws. Jim went t Mntgmery, Alabama, and jined a civil rights grup. The grup was headed by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Jim believed in King’s nnvilent apprach t change. Once, during a peaceful march, Jim was arrested. Because f that, his cllege expelled him.
He did graduate frm anther cllege. Afterward, he went n t teach schl in Harlem, a part f New Yrk City. As a teacher, he had truble finding bks that interested his Black students. S he decided t write his wn bks abut successful Black Americans. Thrugh his writing, he met and interviewed many f the peple he admired, including Rsa Parks.
Tday, libraries have mre than ne hundred bks written by Jim Haskins, the by wh lved t read, and tday, children f all races can walk thrugh the drs f any public library and find interesting bks that infrm, entertain, and inspire them.
4．What can we learn frm the descriptin in paragraph 1?
A．Jim Haskins studied harder than ther kids.
B．Jim Haskins had n interest in playing ball.
C．Jim Haskins was enthusiastic abut reading.
D．Jim Haskins preferred t read under the table.
5．What des the underlined wrd “expelled” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Dismissed.B．Prmted.C．Praised.D．Mnitred.
6．Why was Jim Haskins determined t write his wn bks?
A．T rise t be a famus writer.B．T put an end t segregatin.
C．T appeal t Black students.D．T intrduce the peple he admired.
7．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Pathways int the LibraryB．Anxiety fr Knwledge
C．Struggle fr Equal RightsD．Prtest against Segregatin
Sme talk f building settlements n the mn r mars t help make sure humanity survives lng int the future. Others have their sights set clser t hme: n future cities under the cean.
“Technlgically speaking, it is abslutely pssible t clnize the bttm f the sea,” says Fabien Custeau, a well-knwn cean explrer wh nce spent 31 days living in what is nw the wrld’s nly functining undersea habitat, Aquarius. It’s abut the size f a schl bus and lcated 62 feet belw the cean surface ff the Flrida Keys.
Just as astrnauts test what it wuld be like t live in space, aquanauts try ut undersea living with an eye n the future. Escaping frm disasters such as climate change, wars, r pandemics is ne reasn t live under the sea. Others include studying, explring, r appreciating the cean. It’s cstly and expensive t cnstantly keep up an cean habitat which must pump in r make its wn air, electricity, and fresh water. Inhabitants have t deal with high pressure. And infectins can develp rapidly due t high humidity.
Despite the challenges, several new cean habitats and cities are under cnstructin. A series f space statin-like undersea living quarters fr aquanauts called Prteus are scheduled t be cmpleted by 2025 ff Curaca, an island nrth f Venezuela in Suth America. An undersea clny called Ven Base Alpha will be built near a hydrthermal vent, which wuld supply it with energy. Meanwhile, an undersea city called Ocean Spiral in Japan wuld link its surface t the deep sea, using the difference in pressure t generate energy and prduce fresh water. This sunds amazing, but it wuld be extremely expensive and remains just a design.
Nt everyne agrees that building hmes in the cean is a gd idea. This type f develpment culd place even mre strain n ecsystems that are already struggling with pllutin and climate change. It’s imprtant t make sure that any cnstructin is dne carefully, says Susanne Menden-Deuer, an ceangrapher at the University f Rhde Island. Wild undersea habitats shuld be treated as “the precius, irreplaceable resurce that they are,” she says.
8．What d we knw abut Aquarius?
A．It is still under cnstructin.
B．It functins as an undersea schl bus.
C．It is the nly cean habitat in peratin.
D．It nly allws a persn t live there fr 31 days.
9．What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A．The present and future f living under the sea.
B．The reasns and challenges f living under the sea.
C．The purpse and cst f building undersea settlements.
D．The prblems and findings f building undersea settlements.
10．What wuld be the result f building hmes in the cean accrding t the text?
A．Rapid develpment f undersea habitats.
B．Prtectin f irreplaceable cean resurce.
C．Negative impacts n undersea ecsystems.
D．Struggles with pllutin and climate change.
11．Where is the text mst prbably taken frm?
A．A textbk.
B．An exam paper.
C．An academic article.
D．A science magazine.
Far, far belw yur feet lies a surce f nearly endless energy. Earth's cre is abut as ht as the surface f the Sun, s ht that it melts the rcky layers abve it int magma, r liquid rck. Wuldn't it be great if we culd tap int all that energy? In sme places, we d!
The Geysers is an area nrth f San Francisc in Califrnia where magma's heat turns a reservir f undergrund water int steam. This regin is hme t 18 gethermal pwer plants. The steam rises up thrugh spaces between the rcks undergrund, a bit like hw steam purs frm a teakettle biling n a stve. The pwer plant has pipelines that send the steam int the turbines (涡轮机) where electricity flw is generated. Once the steam leaves the turbine, it ges int a cling twer where it turns back int liquid. Then it's piped back int the reservir t be reheated again. Other kinds f gethermal pwer plants pump ht grundwater int the pwer plant. Then the pressure is reduced, causing the liquid t flash int steam that turns the turbine and generates electricity flw. Once the steam cls and turns back int liquid, it's pumped back dwn int the reservir t begin the cycle again.
S why dn't we all heat ur hmes with free steam frm the earth? First, the heat has t be clse enugh t the surface fr us t reach it. Next, there has t be plenty f undergrund water t be heated. Finally, there has t be a layer f rck that water r steam can flw thrugh. S in places where all three f thse things cme tgether, gethermal energy can be a pwerful renewable energy surce. Besides, when a gethermal plant returns water back int the ht rcks f a reservir, it makes the rck crack a bit, which can cause small earthquakes. There's anther danger that cmes with drilling near magma-pipes and ther equipment might melt if they hit a pcket f magma r are caught in an eruptin. One gethermal plant in Hawaii was partially buried by lava in 2018. But engineers are hpeful that the repaired plant will generate even mre pwer. Gethermal energy isn't the answer fr everywhere, but it's a piece f the puzzle t help slw climate change.
12．In which part f pwer plants is the electricity made?
A．The turbine.B．The reservir.C．The pipeline.D．The twer.
13．What prevents free steam frm being widely develped accrding t paragraph 3?
A．Hard surface and pssible earthquakes.
B．Changeable climate and unqualified equipment.
C．Limited undergrund water and thin layers f rck.
D．Unsuitable gelgical cnditins and ptential dangers.
14．Why is the buried gethermal plant in Hawaii mentined?
A．T demnstrate the great effrt that engineers made.
B．T shw the pwer that the repaired plant can generate.
C．T illustrate the danger caused by drilling near magma.
D．T praise the engineers wh repaired the generate plant.
15．What is the authr's attitude twards gethermal energy?
A．Uncncerned.B．Unclear.C．Dubtful.D．Apprving.
阅读理解【2024·浙江省绍兴蕺山外国语学校检测】
While attractins like the Shard and the Lndn Eye ffer excellent perspectives, they’re always busy and ticket prices are steep. But with a little insider knwledge, yu can save yur punds and bag yur skyline phts withut the crwds thrugh accessing the fllwing viewpints.
Parliament Hill
Lndn is mstly flat, but if yu knw where t lk there are a few hills that prvide natural (and free) high pints ffering city views with a side rder f fresh air.
One f the mst central is Parliament Hill n Hampstead Heath——at 98m, ne f Lndn’s highest natural viewpints. Frm here, n a clear day, yu can sit n the park bench that featured in mvies like Run Fatby Run and Ntes n a Scandal.
Entry fee: free
The Garden Museum Twer
If yu exit left ut f Westminster statin, battle yur way ver the bridge and then turn right, past the view f Big Ben and walk alng the suth side f the Thames, yu’ll cme t a medieval (中 世纪的) church.
While yu might be interested in British garden design, it’s the 14th-Century twer that’s the main attractin fr phtgraphers. Climb the 131 steps f the narrw spiral staircase and yu’ll emerge nt ne f the finest riverside viewpints in the city——with views acrss t the Palace f Westminster n the right.
Entry fee: Adult f16, r Twer nly 4
The IFS Clud Cable Car
If yu want t sar ver Lndn in a glass pd, the bvius place t g is the Lndn Eye. But a cheaper and crwd-free alternative is t ride the IFS Clud Cable Car.
The views are impressive at any time, but the Cable Car stays pen late, s yu can even enjy magnificent sunsets frm the west——facing side r admire the twinkling city lights after dark.
Entry fee: E6 ne-way
Seabird, Suthwark
Lndn has n shrtage f rftp venues (场所) ffering knckut cityscape views, s it can be hard t pick just ne r tw. But fr lcatin, angles and a great experience, it desn’t get much better than Seabird, n the 14th flr f the Hxtn htel in Suthwark with nthing t blck views n three sides.
Entry fee: Buy a drink: draught beer csts ₤6.50 r small glass f wine is ₤9; a prtin f lives csts₤5.
1．Where can yu g if yu want t phtgraph the 14th-Century twer?
A．The Lndn Eye.
B．The suth side f the Thames.
C．The rftp venues.
D．A place near St Paul’s Cathedral.
2．In which viewpint can yu just buy a drink and enjy free city views?
A．Parliament Hill.
B．The Garden Museum Twer.
C．The IFS Clud Cable Car.
D．Seabird, Suthwark.
3．What d the 4 viewpints have in cmmn?
A．They are free.
B．They are well-knwn.
C．They are nt crwded.
D．They are nt cheap.
When yu are struggling with yur mental health, getting active may be ne f the last things yu feel like ding. But if yu can muster the energy, evidence shws that exercise has a pwerfully beneficial effect. One 2019 study, published in JAMA Psychiatry, fund that physical activity is an effective preventin strategy fr depressin. Anther 2015 paper fund that exercise can be as helpful in treating mild t mderate depressin as antidepressants and psychtherapy.
“We have knwn fr a lng time that exercise prmtes physilgical and neurchemical(神经化学的) respnses that make yu feel gd, says Prf Nanette Mutrie f the University f Edinburgh's Institute fr Sprt, Physical Educatin and Health Sciences. When we exercise, the brain releases endrphins, as well as dpamine and sertnin. “Very ften, these same chemicals frm part f antidepressant drugs, leading t the happy feelings, she says.
There is als a psychlgical cmpnent t exercise that makes us feel gd, says Mutrie. “When yu’re exercising, yu are imprving yur self-esteem, mastering a new task and meeting new peple. All these wrk tgether t help lift up spirits.”
Jermaine Jhnsn, anther persnal trainer suggests aviding cardi, like running. “That can raise the heart rate and fuel yur anxiety,” he says. Instead, he suggests that yu try strength training. Because yu can measure yur prgress with weight training - heavier weights r mre repetitins - yu will be able t see hw much yu are imprving, which culd lift yur md.
Finally, the act f putting n a pair f trainers can, n its wn, be a frm f self-care. “Even if yu leave after a few minutes, yu've already achieved smething just by ging t the gym, says Jhnsn. Fcus n the fact that yu went t the gym in the first place, nt that yu left. And take everything ne step at a time. Yu're in cntrl.
4．Why are the tw studies mentined in Paragraph 1?
A．T intrduce the tpic.B．T supprt the writer’s pinin
C．T raise further questins.D．T give detailed descriptin.
5．What makes us feel gd when we exercise accrding t Mutrie?
A．The drugs we take.B．The amunt f exercise
C．The way f exercise.D．The chemicals released
6．What’s Jermaine Jhnsn’s attitude tward running?
A．Disapprving.B．Unclear.C．Supprtive.D．Tlerant
7．What's the best title fr the passage?
A．New Studies Published.B．Running Strengthens Yur Heart.
C．Wrkut Heals Yur Mind.D．Gym Imprves Yur Md.
Ri de Janeir, a clurful urban area divided by frest-cvered muntains and edged by glden castlines, has lng attracted internatinal turists with its samba-fuelled nights and spectacular landscapes. Nw, the “Marvellus City”, as it’s knwn by Brazilians, is appealing t a new type f traveller with its Digital Nmad Visa, which was launched acrss the cuntry last year. The lcal gvernment has been pushing ahead with investments t make the city increasingly suitable fr remte wrkers, including imprving cnnectivity with citywide5G cverage.
Ri-brn peple cherish playing sprts, being in nature and scialising after wrking hurs and it's this wrk-life balance that makes Ri s appealing t digital nmads ver ther Brazilian cities. The beaches, frest hikes and numerus utdr drinking spts are all n the drstep f anyne wh lives in the Suth Zne, making it easy t slip int a fun activity nce the laptp has been clsed fr the day.
Getting residency in Brazil was nce very cmplex and trublesme, but the Digital Nmad Visa has made the prcess easier. It enables visitrs t keep their current emplyment in anther cuntry while allwing stays f ne year, with the ptin f renewing fr anther 12 mnths. Applicants must prvide prf f wrk and earn at least US $1,500 (£1,200) per mnth r have US$18.000 (£14,400) in savings.
Ri is a bit mre expensive than Sa Paul, but still, cmpared t Western prices, it’s just really gd value. Inland neighburhds such as Flameng, Btafg and Catete are cheaper ptins that are still lcated near beaches, hikes and vibrant nightlife.
Hwever Brazil’s reputatin f crime can alarm sme digital nmads cnsidering making the mve t Ri. Thugh mst vilent crimes ccur in pr areas, travellers are required t avid theft r being rbbed.
English isn’t widely spken thrughut Ri. It’s wrth learning sme Prtuguese basics befre ging t Ri r ding a Prtuguese curse upn arriving fr lnger-term residents.
8．What in Ri de Janeir has always been appealing t travellers?
A．Mdern city and cheap living.B．Clrful night life and great landscapes
C．Green muntains and castlines.D．New facilities and gvernment plicies.
9．Why d digital nmads chse t stay in Ri?
A．They can cncentrate n wrk there.B．There is n wrk requirement there
C．They enjy 5G cverage everywhere.D．There is clrful life besides wrk.
10．What might yu infer abut the Digital Nmad Visa hlders?
A．They can speak English.B．They can speak French.
C．They can speak Prtuguese.D．They can speak Spanish
11．Where might the passage be taken frm?
A．A travel magazine.B．A text bk
C．A mvie review.D．A bigraphy
Alchl has lng been an imprtant part f wrkplace culture. In almst all aspects f life, regular alchl cnsumptin has even been encuraged: frm cllege and university all thrugh t the wrkplace either t strengthen relatinship r t uplift spirits. Hsting meetings at bars and restaurants with drinks flwing is even part f sme cmpanies' business strategy, thrugh which ptential business partners get drunk tgether t becme friends, s they can trust each ther nt t harm the ther persn's prfessinal interests.
Althugh sme emplyees welcme alchl int their wrk lives, the emphasis n drinking culture in the wrkplace desn’t suit all. Research frm 2019, cnducted by researchers at the University f Stavanger in Nrway, fund that when emplyers r supervisrs initiate drinking, emplyees feel it their bligatin t participate. And amng peple in the UK, half f thse surveyed by researchers at the University f Stirling in Sctland admitted t being pressured int drinking alchl by clleagues and family. It als shwed that generally, men felt frced int drinking mre ften than wmen, with men 20% mre likely t be encuraged int drinking by their clleagues and 37% mre by their bsses.
Yet, as central as drinking is t wrkplace scialisatin and strategy, there are signs that sme cmpanies are re-thinking the rle f alchl in prfessinal settings. After all, many wrkers dn’t drink fr persnal reasns, and interactins invlving alchl at wrk can cause anxiety. The increasingly large ppulatin f Gen Zers (Z世代，网生代) are pushing fr deeper and calmer cnversatins withut alchl.
Accrding t a survey f 2,400 wrkers and 250 emplyees in the UK frm Ttaljbs, mre than ne in three wrkers see drinking with clleagues as utdated. Tactics (策略，方法) like nn-alchlic ptins and bnding activities that aren’t dependent n alchl nt nly create a mre inclusive envirnment fr nn-drinkers where they feel equally valued, and are welcme, but a space where staff wh d drink feel cmfrtable - then everyne wins.
12．What’s Paragraph 1 mainly abut?
A．Peple’s lve fr alchl.B．Peple’s prejudice abut alchl
C．The harm alchl des.D．The rle alchl plays at wrk.
13．What des the underlined wrd “bligatin” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Respnsibility.B．Superirity.C．Opprtunity.D．Capability
14．What can we knw abut Gen Zers?
A．They are mainly emplyers.
B．They think alchl stps clear thinking
C．They regard alchl as effective bnding.
D．They may increase alchl cnsumptin
15．What des the last paragraph suggest?
A．Scial activities depend n alchl.
B．Mst wrkers regard alchl utdated.
C．There are alternatives t please everyne.
D．The drinking staff shuld stay in ne space.
阅读理解【2024·浙江省义乌五校第一次联考】
Summer Semester is an ptinal third semester fr UQ (The University f Queensland) students, r an pprtunity t discver new knwledge and skills fr nn-UQ students. Each year, UQ has a number f curses available fr enrllment in the intensive 8-week Summer Semester.
Wh can apply
Anyne is qualified t enrll in the Summer Semester, but please nte sme curses are nly available t current students wh are enrlled in a UQ degree.
Past applicants have included:
●current UQ students
●students frm ther universities, including internatinal students
●prfessinals
●adults frm a range f backgrunds
●high-schl students
Hw t apply
If yu are a current UQ student, yu can access yur student accunt t enrll. If yu're enrlled at anther Australian university and yu want t undertake a curse at UQ during Summer Semester fr credit twards yur prgram at yur hme institutin, yu shuld apply as a “crss-institutinal student”. Befre yu apply, make sure yu get apprval frm yur hme university and cnfirm yu can get credit fr yur UQ studies.
Summer Semester imprtant dates
Hw t make a paymentSee the Hw t Pay page r cntact Student Central fr infrmatin abut payment methds.
21．Which wrd can best describe the past applicants f Summer Semester?
A．Skilled.B．Yung.C．Diverse.D．Cmpetent.
22．Hw can a UQ undergraduate student apply fr the Summer Semester?
A．By accessing the Hw t Pay page.B．By lgging nt the student accunt.
C．By calling Student Central.D．By cnfirming with the prgram directr.
23．What is an imprtant timing fr a nn-UQ student in particular?
A．31 Octber, 2023.B．10 Nvember, 2023.
C．8 December, 2023.D．18 December, 2023.
The library f Pharah Ramesses I is said t have brne the inscriptin (碑文) “the huse f healing fr the sul”. Dylan Thmas, an English writer, reprtedly liked t relax by reading Agatha Christie’s detective nvels. As fr the nvelist Yiyun Li, it was War and Peace that helped her get thrugh the tughest times; when she launched a virtual reading grup f Le Tlsty’s masterpiece in lckdwn, 3,000 peple signed up.
In recent years, a grwing bdy f research has backed up the idea that bks nt nly entertain, but als help us recver and grw. They ffer cmpaninship t the lnely, insight t the anxius, and release t thse wh feel trapped.
This feature has mtivated Ann Cleeves t turn her attentin t the ld lng-lasting biblitherapy, she then c-spnsred such a prgram in nrtheast England, wrking with public health teams. Biblitherapy is an apprach emplying bks and ther frms f literature t imprve a patient’s mental health. A review f several studies fund such prgrams have a lng-term effect n peple’s well-being.
But Cleeves has a brader idea in mind. Writing fr The Guardian, she described hw reading and writing fictin helped her understand her wn respnse and allwed her t escape int a different wrld. The reading caches will match their patients with apprpriate petry and nvels as well as nn-fictin based n patients’ cnditin, and will intrduce them t librarians and ther readers. After all, what is uplifting t ne reader will seem twee (太花哨的) t anther and what ne finds unpleasant may be reassuring t the next.
Fr Cleeves, it is happy t see peple seek self-discvery in the wrld f bks. Sme may respnd t children’s classic The Secret Garden; thers will recgnize themselves in Tni Mrrisn’s nvels. An ancient idea has fund fresh resnance (共鸣).
24．What did Dylan Thmas and Yiyun Li have in cmmn?
A．They turned t bks fr spiritual cmfrt.
B．They sught inspiratin in freign cuntries.
C．They had a great influence n the wrld literature.
D．They nce launched a reading grup during tugh times.
25．What inspired Ann Cleeves t c-spnsr the prgram?
A．The supprt frm public teams.
B．The healing pwer f bks.
C．The ppularity f the prgram amng peple.
D．The lack f such a prgram in nrtheast England.
26．What can be inferred abut biblitherapy?
A．It can greatly imprve public health.
B．It can bring a bm in bk markets.
C．It can bring in diverse frms f literature.
D．It can be used as a cure fr depressin.
27．Hw des a reading cach play his r her rle?
A．By assisting readers in writing their wn fictin.
B．By helping librarians srt ut all kinds f bks
C．By suiting specific bks t patients.
D．By recrding readers’ respnse t different bks.
The cnventinal wisdm abut insects has been that they are unthinking, unfeeling creatures whse behavir is entirely hardwired (天生的). But in the 1990s researchers began making surprising discveries abut insect minds. Sme species f wasps (黄蜂) recgnize their nest mates’ faces and acquire impressive scial skills. Fr example, they can infer the fighting strengths f ther wasps relative t their wn just by watching ther wasps fight amng themselves.
Given the substantial wrk n the cmplexity f insect cgnitin (认知), it might seem surprising that it tk scientists s lng t ask whether, if they are that smart, culd als be sentient, capable f feeling. Since we have n direct windw int the inner wrld f an animal that cannt verbally cmmunicate its thughts and feelings, the questin f whether insects are sentient remained academic.
15 years ag, I perfrmed an experiment in which we asked whether bumblebees culd learn abut t hreat frm their natural enemies. We built a plastic spider mdel with a mechanism that wuld briefly trap a bumblebee between tw spnges befre releasing it. The bumblebees shwed a significant change in their behavir after being attacked by the rbtic spider. Perhaps unsurprisingly, they learned t avid flwers with spiders and meticulusly scanned every flwer befre landing. Curiusly, hwever, they sme times even fled frm imaginary threats, scanning and then abandning a perfectly safe, spider-free flwer. Althugh this incidental bservatin did nt cnstitute frmal ev idence f an emtinlike state, it did pen the dr t the idea that such states might exist in insects.
Sme research suggested that insects might have psitive states f mind. Researchers discvered that bees actively seek ut drugs such as nictin e and caffein e when given the chice and even treat themselves with nictin e when sick. Male fruit flies stressed by being rbbed f mating pprtunities prefer fd cntaining alchl, and bees even shw withdrawal symptms when remved frm an alchl-rich diet.
Why wuld insects cnsume mind-altering substances if there isn't a mind t alter? But these suggestive hints f negative and psitive mind states still fell shrt f what was needed t demnstrate that insects are sentient.
28．What des the example f the wasps indicate?
A．Insects shw signs f intelligence.
B．Insects can d cmplex calculatins.
C．Insects can scialize in a skillful way.
D．Insects live in highly cmplex scieties.
29．What des the underlined wrd “meticulusly” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A．Hesitantly.B．Casually.C．Eagerly.D．Carefully.
30．What was unexpected abut the bumblebees’ behavir in the experiment?
A．They avided flwers with spiders.
B．They settled n flwers despite threats.
C．They might abandn spider-free flwers.
D．They might get scared away by ther insects.
31．What des the text mainly discuss?
A．What insects' varius behavir can reveal.
B．Hw insects cmmunicate their thughts.
C．What amazing pwers insects pssess.
D．Whether insects are capable f feeling.
The scientist’s jb is t figure ut hw the wrld wrks, t “trture (拷问)” Nature t reveal her secrets, as the 17th century philspher Francis Bacn described it. But wh are these peple in the lab cats (r sprts jackets, r T-shirts and jeans) and hw d they wrk? It turns ut that there is a gd deal f mystery surrunding the mystery-slvers.
“One f the greatest mysteries is the questin f what it is abut human beings — brains, educatin, culture etc. that makes them capable f ding science at all,” said Clin Allen, a cgnitive scientist at Indiana University.
Tw vital ingredients seem t be necessary t make a scientist: the curisity t seek ut mysteries and the creativity t slve them. “Scientists exhibit a heightened level f curisity,” reads a 2007 reprt n scientific creativity. “They g further and deeper int basic questins shwing a passin fr knwledge fr its wn sake.” Max Planck, ne f the fathers f quantum physics, nce said, the scientist “must have a vivid and intuitive imaginatin, fr new ideas are nt generated by deductin (推论), but by an artistically creative imaginatin.”
But thers disagree with this universal scientific mind. They believe that scientists have special abilities that set them apart. Discvering these abilities may be hard, Allen thinks, as many scientists will be reluctant t reveal them and wuld prefer t preserve the mystery f creativity, fearing that if it became an bject f study it wuld lse its magic.
But fr Allen, this is all part f a bigger questin f what lies behind anyne’s behavir. “We are nly just beginning t understand hw the characteristics f rganisms, including urselves, aren’t the fixed prducts f either genes r f envirnment/culture, but each f us is the prduct f a cntinual interactive prcess in which we help build the envirnments that in turn shape us,” he said.
“As lng as ur best technlgy fr seeing inside the brain requires subjects t lie nearly mtinless while surrunded by a giant magnet, we’re nly ging t make limited pr gress n these questins,” Allen said.
32．Why des the authr mentin Max Planck in paragraph 3?
A．T intrduce a famus scientist.B．T stress the rle f creativity in science.
C．T cmpare different views n science.D．T illustrate what is curisity inscience.
33．What d Allen's wrds in the last tw paragraphs suggest?
A．Human behavir is changeable and unpredictable.
B．We are passively influenced by ur genes and culture.
C．Our interactin with the envirnment makes us wh we are.
D．Current technlgy has revealed a lt abut human behavir.
34．What is Allen’s attitude t the current study n the human brain?
A．Cautius.B．Indifferent.C．Apprving.D．Pessimistic.
35．What is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Wh Are The Mystery-slversB．Scientists Are Nt Brn But Made
C．Great Mystery: What Makes A ScientistD．Slving Mysteries: Inside A Scientist's Mind
阅读理解【2024·浙江省诸暨中学等2校期中】
If yu haven’t decided hw t spend yur summer, yu may want t think abut the pssibility f participating in a summer prgram.
Virtual Experience:Harvard’s High Schl Prgrams
If yu’re wndering what cllege is like, Harvard ffers nline cllege prgrams just fr high schl students wh are curius. Harvard’s high schl prgrams allw yu t take real curses and earn cllege credit. Financial aid is available fr qualifying students.
Virtual Experience:American University High Schl Summer Schlars
This multi-week, nline prgram helps high schl students pursue their interests in a variety f tpics. Each nline curse is 1-credit hur. Rising sphmres, junirs, and senirs with a 3.0 GPA (Grade Pints Average) can chse 1 curse frm 14 subjects-frm Plitical Actin and Public Plicy t Oceangraphy and mre.
Virtual Experience:Wrcester Plytechnic Institute(WPI) — Frntiers Prgram
This nline, summer prgram is designed fr high schl students entering their junir and senir years. Prgram participants are challenged t explre the uter limits f their knwledge in science, technlgy, engineering, and math (STEM) with current labratry techniques and explring unslved prblems acrss a wide range f disciplines.
Virtual/In-Persn Opprtunities:Immerse Educatin Prgrams
Immerse Educatin’s summer prgrams ffer in-persn and nline curses in a variety f subjects and take place thrughut the United Kingdm and Australia. Students ages 11-18 frm arund the wrld get t learn n the campuses f Cambridge, Oxfrd, Lndn and the University f Sydney.
1．Which prgram will yu pssibly chse if yu are frm a family n a tight budget?
A．Immerse Educatin Prgrams.
B．Harvard’s High Schl Prgrams.
C．American University High Schl Summer Schlars.
D．Wrcester Plytechnic Institute(WPI)-Frntiers Prgram.
2．What d these fur prgrams have in cmmn?
A．They prvide access t nline learning.B．They set academic requirements.
C．They ffer participants cllege credits.D．They take place in the United States.
3．Wh is the text mainly intended fr?
A．Cllege staff.B．Cllege students.
C．Prgram rganizers.D．High schl students.
Halfway thrugh the wmen’s slalm (障碍滑雪赛) event at the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Schi, Russia,18-year-ld Mikaela Shiffrin held a cmmanding lead ver the greatest wmen’s slalm skiers in the wrld. On her final run, she burst frm the start huse at breakneck speed, zigzagging(曲折前进) arund the ples in crazy rhythm.
Skiing has always been a big part f Mikaela’s life. Her dad ski raced all thrugh cllege and her mm raced and cached skiing. The Shiffrins taught Mikaela and her brther, Taylr, t ski at a very yung age. At tw and a half years ld, Mikaela made her first ski run n plastic skis. Frm ages 8 t 11, she wrked hard,repeating hundreds f training runs n small hills t learn the crrect techniques f slalm skiing.
When Mikaela was 11, she attended the Burke Muntain Academy, a Vermnt barding schl fr skiers. She tk classes, studied, and practiced her skiing crazily. Accrding t Burke Muntain Academy headmaster Kirk Dwyer, “What separated Mikaela frm thers was the degree f her effrt t be the best. Her cmmitment t cnditining, getting prper sleep, eating crrectly, ding the drills, and watching vide was unusual fr an 11-t 13-year-ld. Mikaela practiced mre than anyne and believed in herself then and nw.”
By the time she was 17, she had already wn her first Wrld Cup race.
Fr Mikaela, wrking hard is a full-time jb. Even her ff-seasn is wrk time. In the summer, when Mikaela is ff the ski slpes and in the gym, her daily training cnsists f six t seven hurs f weight lifting cre bdy wrk, and biking t imprve her strength and flexibility. She des all f this s that she can dash dwn a muntain at speeds tpping 50 miles per hur while cutting back and frth arund gates with astnishing precisin.
“If yu’re passinate abut yur gals, whatever they are,” she says, “there’s n limit t what yu can achieve. Give it yur all!”
4．What can we learn frm paragraph 2?
A．Mikaela came frm a skiing family.B．Mikaela’s mther taught her t ski first.
C．Mikaela trained harder than her brther.D．Mikaela’s father cached skiing in clleges.
5．Why were headmaster Kirk Dwyer’s wrds cited?
A．T praise the gd students in his schl.
B．T stress the great imprtance f practice.
C．T shw Mikaela’s difference frm thers.
D．T highlight Mikaela’s great devtin t training.
6．Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Mikaela?
A．Cmpetent and smart.B．Cnfident and creative.
C．Aggressive and ptimistic.D．Cmmitted and self-disciplined.
7．Where is this text prbably taken frm?
A．A textbk.B．A nvel.C．A magazine.D．A brchure.
Mre than 40 cmpanies and institutes, including Chinese chip-making cmpany Semicnductr Manufacturing Internatinal Crp, have established a wrking cmmittee n autmtive (汽车的) electrnic cmpnents standards, as part f the natin’s brader push t develp the dmestic aut chip (芯片) industry.
The mve came as a lng-time shrtage in aut chips has highlighted the imprtance f prcessrs in vehicles which are getting increasingly smarter and internet-cnnected. Yang Xudng, head f the electrnic infrmatin department at the Ministry f Industry and Infrmatin Technlgy, said electrnic cmpnents represented by chips are the key and heart f autmtive electrnic systems, and are als an imprtant fundatin fr the intelligent transfrmatin f the autmtive industry.
China’s autmtive electrnics industry started relatively late, has a relatively high degree f dependence n imprts, and the standardizatin f wrk is falling behind ther leading cuntries. Meanwhile, during a glbal shrtage f aut chips, dmestic chips and cmpnent cmpanies are als beefing up the research and develpment f key prducts, and aut makers have becme mre willing t buy hmegrwn aut chips.
In such a cntext, there is an urgent need t establish a standard system applicable t China’s autmtive chip and cmpnent industry, guide its healthy and sustainable develpment, Yang added. “We will prmte the establishment f a set f much-needed autmtive chip and cmpnent standards as sn as pssible, and speed up the standard cnstructin prcess. Meanwhile, we will als increase plicy and financial supprt t prmte the supply capacity f dmestic autmtive chips and cmpnents,”Yang added.
Chen Daji, vice president f China Electrnics Standardizatin Institute, a prfessinal institute fr standardizatin in the field f electrnics and IT industry under the Ministry f Industry and Infrmatin Technlgy, said when drafting the industry standards, such wrk needs t be guided by industrial needs, fcus n main technical issues, strengthen the industrial fundatin, and prmte the develpment f key standards fr autmtive electrnics.
8．What’s the purpse f setting up a cmmittee n aut electrnic cmpnents standards?
A．T prmte China’s aut chip industry.B．T slve the great shrtage in aut chips.
C．T develp glbal chip-making industry.D．T bst the cperatin amng cmpanies.
9．What des paragraph 2 mainly fcus n abut aut chips?
A．Its shrtage.B．Its significance.C．Its cmpnents.D．Its applicatin.
10．Which f the fllwing urges China t fund the standard system?
A．China’s great demand fr dmestic chips.B．China’s lack f leading industry standards.
C．China’s slw develpment f key prducts.D．China’s heavy reliance n verseas markets.
11．What is Yang Xudng’s attitude twards the establishment f such a standard?
A．Reserved.B．Unclear.C．Supprtive.D．Tlerant.
Much like peple whse relatives r friends have died, rphaned (成为孤儿的) elephants get by with a little help frm their friends, accrding t a study.
Scientists in the United States and Kenya analysed stress hrmnes (激素) in the baby elephants whse mthers had died, expecting t find higher levels. Instead, the supprt f their peers appeared t reduce the rphans’ level f anxiety.
The study, published last week in the jurnal Cmmunicatins Bilgy, cncluded that scial relatinships have a psychlgical impact n the yung elephants. Elephants have strng familial and grup ties. Befre the age f nine, baby elephants rarely mve away mre than 30 feet (nine metres) frm their mthers, and even a few hurs f separatin lead t jyus reunin. The bnd between female elephants and their yung has lng been thught t reduce stress.
Expecting t find that the rphaned elephants, which tend t die early at a higher rate than thse whse mthers are still alive, wuld be mre depressed, the team analysed stress hrmne levels in the waste matter f 36 yung elephants in the nature reserves in nrthern Kenya between 2015 and 2016. Twenty-five f the elephants had lst their mthers t drught r hunting between 2009 and 2013, when a rise in the demand fr ivry left many elephants n the reserves mtherless.
Hwever, the researchers were surprised t find that lng-term stress hrmne levels were similar amng rphans and elephants with living mthers. Jenna Parker, the study’s main authr and a prfessr at Clrad State University, said their unexpected resilience is directly linked t scial supprt frm ther elephants, specifically cmpanins f a similar age. Thse with mre “friends” had significantly lwer stress hrmne levels. The results may encurage elephant rphanages t pair up animals t help them t recver frm lss and adapt t future threats.
It culd be a timely mve as interactins between humans and elephants are n the rise, thanks in part t drught related t climate change. Experts say the increased cnflict is a threat t Kenya’s 36,000 strng elephant ppulatin.
12．What did the scientists fcus n abut rphaned elephants in the study?
A．Their peers.B．Their family.C．Their psychlgy.D．Their grwth.
13．What can we learn frm paragraph 3?
A．Separatin is necessary fr yunger elephants.
B．Yung elephants are attached t their mthers.
C．Yunger elephants are fnd f wandering alne.
D．Female elephants dminate yung elephants’ life.
14．What des the underlined wrd “resilience” prbably mean in paragraph 5?
A．Difference.B．Anxiety.C．Recvery.D．Result.
15．Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A．Orphaned Elephants Find Relief in Friends.
B．Elephants Have a Strng Bnd with Mthers.
C．Stress Levels are Higher in Yung Elephants.
D．Orphaned Elephants Have Been Suffering a Lt.
September 2023 - March 2024
Marist Schl admissins events
Late September 2023
Marist 2024 - 2025 applicatin available in Ravenna
Octber 2023 - January 2024
Required SSAT testing
December 3, 2023
Open Heuse
January 22, 2024
Deadline t apply t Marist; preliminary applicatin and fee, parent and student questinnaires, and a first set f SSAT scres are due
February 1, 2024
Deadline fr Marist t receive any utstanding supplemental materials; transcripts, teacher and administratr evaluatins, and parish/church verificatin frm are due
February 12, 2024
Deadline t submit separate tuitin assistance applicatin
March 30, 2024
AAAIS cmmn ntificatin date
April 11, 2024
Deadline t respnd t ffer f admissin
Date
Event
Mnday 11 September, 2023
Summer Semester class timetable available t students
Tuesday 31 Octber, 2023
Applicatin fr crss-institutinal enrllment due
Friday 10 Nvember, 2023
Due date fr enrllment
Mnday 27 Nvember, 2023
Classes cmmence
Friday 8 December, 2023
Last date fr additin r substitutin f curses
Mnday 18 December, 2023
Due date fr payment f fees and charges