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北师大版高中英语选择性必修第四册UNIT 12Period 1作业含答案
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这是一份北师大版高中英语选择性必修第四册UNIT 12Period 1作业含答案，共10页。
UNIT 12 Period One基础练 (建议用时：8分钟) Ⅰ．单项选择 1．If you can afford it, buy some ________ devices, like a washing machine.A．labour-saving B．productive C．time-consuming D．general 2．The company has successfully ________ new products and services.A．corresponded B．innovated C．entertained D．reduced 3．We are responsible for the care and ________ of all our patients.A．well-being B．richness C．hardship D．poverty 4．A child’s ________ develops rapidly between the ages of four and five.A．intelligence B．innovation C．adaption D．invention 【答案】1-4 ABAA Ⅱ．单词拼写 1．Singing can create a sense of ________ (幸福).2．The newscast usually covers topical events and ________ (娱乐节目).3．We must promote originality, inspire creativity and encourage i__________ .4．This morning a bomb in a ________ (垃圾) bag exploded and injured 15 people.5．He was hopeful that the next round of talks would also be ________ (富有成效的).【答案】1．well-being 2．entertainments 3．innovation 4．garbage 5．productive Ⅲ．单句语法填空 1．As a youth he discovered a ________ (gifted) for teaching.2．They should put warning labels on those nasty little ________ (device).3．They ____________ (entertain) by top singers, dancers and celebrities.4．He was one of the most creative and ______ (innovation) engineers of his generation.【答案】1．gift 2．devices 3．were entertained 4．innovative Ⅳ．完成句子 1．Version 1 of the process ______________ production.流程的第 1版投入生产运行。2．The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to ________________ the change.这个世界将会不同，所以我们必须准备好适应变化。3．Repeat positive affirmations when you start to __________________ or in the midst of self doubt.当你感到沮丧或对自己产生怀疑的时候，请反复地正面肯定自己。4．__________________ your dreams and one day they may come true.坚持你的梦想，总有一天它们会实现的。【答案】1．is placed into 2．adapt to 3．feel down 4．Hold on to 提升练 (建议用时：25分钟) Ⅰ．阅读理解 China’s space program made great progress today when it successfully landed the Zhurong rover on Mars. After months in orbit around the red planet，the Tianwen-1 spacecraft released the Zhurong rover for a landing at the preselected landing site close to an ancient ocean shoreline on Utopia Planitia. Chinese scientists are now getting ready to roll the 529 pound rover off its landing platform for a three-month exploration. But the vehicle could work well beyond this goal and end up exploring Mars for years.The Zhurong rover carries six scientific instruments. Two cameras will provide information about the Martian landscape，while a laser(激光) instrument will analyze the composition of the rocks and soil. A magnetometer(磁力计) will measure magnetic fields，and a climate station will study the atmosphere，temperature，pressure，wind，and sound on Mars. The most exciting instrument aboard the rover，however，is the underground searching radar，which will be used to search for small pockets of water or ice buried 33 feet below the surface. Such pockets of water or ice could prove extremely valuable for future crewed missions. Even more exciting，these pockets of water，sheltered from radiation，may contain simple life forms.“Because the landing site is very close to an ancient ocean shoreline that was not explored by NASA’s Viking 2 lander in 1975，the data will uncover more secrets of Mars. ” says James Head，a scientist at Brown University. Tianwen-1 and Zhurong are of great significance for stimulating the scientific enthusiasm and the creativity of the whole world, strengthening our ability to explore the unknown and expanding the living space of humanity，Head adds.Unlike NASA，China has already offered to share with the world the data from Tianwen-1 and Zhurong the same way it has done with data from its lunar exploration missions.1．Which instrument is most likely to detect life forms on Mars?A．The radar. B．The magnetometer.C．The cameras. D．The laser instrument.2．What is James Head’s attitude to China’s Martian program?A．Skeptical. B．Uninterested.C．Positive. D．Conservative.3．What can we infer from the last paragraph?A．NASA is more generous in sharing data with the world.B．Zhurong might meet NASA’s Viking 2 on Utopia Planitia.C．China’s space programs will benefit scientists around the world.D．Data from China’s lunar explorations are not available to foreign scientists.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述中国首次火星探测“祝融号”火星车已经安全到达火星表面。1．A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The most exciting instrument aboard the rover, however, is the underground searching radar, which will be used to search for small pockets of water or ice buried 33 feet below the surface. Such pockets of water or ice could prove extremely valuable for future crewed missions(火星车上最令人兴奋的仪器是地下搜索雷达，它将用于搜索埋在地表以下33英尺的小水区或冰区。这些水区或冰区对未来的载人任务极有价值。). ”可知，雷达可以最有可能监测到火星上的生命体。故选A项。2．C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Tianwen-1 and Zhurong are of great significance for stimulating the scientific enthusiasm and the creativity of the whole world, strengthening our ability to explore the unknown and expanding the living space of humanity, Head adds(Head补充道：’天问一号’和’祝融号’对激发全世界的科学热情和创造力，增强我们探索未知的能力，拓展人类的生存空间具有重要意义). ”可知，Head对中国的火星计划抱着积极的态度。故选C项。3．C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Unlike NASA, China has already offered to share with the world the data from Tianwen-1 and Zhurong the same way it has done with data from its lunar exploration missions(与美国宇航局不同的是，中国已经提出与世界分享’天问一号’和’祝融号’的数据，就像它与月球探测任务的数据一样). ”可知，中国的太空计划将使世界各地的科学家受益。故选C项。Ⅱ．完形填空 I was in the middle of a sweet dream when a noise shocked me. Bam! Bam! It sounded like a hammer pounding on a __1__ nail. Bam! Bam! Bam! Who could be hammering at three in the morning? It must be Charlie again, making another __2__ .Just as I was putting on my slippers and bathrobe, the noise __3__ . I sat at the edge of my bed and listened. Tick! Tick! Tick! It __4__ me of my first wristwatch. Its __5__ tempo(节奏) had always helped me fall asleep.I started __6__ dangerously leaning to the left，when the ticking stopped. It was now __7__ by a buzz，similar to the noise coming from a beehive in midsummer，only __8__ . I shivered(颤抖) . I’m __9__ to bees! Even just thinking about it or hearing a bee-like sound makes me __10__ .“I can’t __11__ anymore！” I shouted，now wide __12__ and marched to the next apartment. My neighbour didn’t open the door until I knocked the door a third time. His curly brown hair was __13__ every way. He wore red spotted pants and a loose strawberry shirt.I pointed at my noiseless watch. “Do you know what time it is? ” He grabbed my arm and glanced at my timepiece. “Oh，my God! I didn’t realise it was that late. I’m busy working on a machine that can cure insomnia(失眠症). It’s almost finished. Do you want to see it？” I should have known. His last invention was supposed to remove bad __14__ but only it was __15__ by rotten eggs instead of electricity.1．A．tiny B．loose C．tough D．sharp 2．A．restlessness B．furniture C．invention D．music 3．A．arose B．changed C．disappeared D．grew 4．A．told B．dropped C．reminded D．confirmed 5．A．cheerful B．loud C．various D．regular 6．A．bouncing off B．falling down C．sliding down D．nodding off 7．A．replaced B．interrupted C．recorded D．emphasized 8．A．sweeter B．louder C．happier D．deeper 9．A．allergic B．approachable C．accustomed D．accessible 10．A．sleepy B．refreshed C．dizzy D．infected 11．A．make it B．get it C．catch it D．take it 12．A．open B．awake C．angry D．energetic 13．A．falling out B．sticking up C．blown dry D．tied back 14．A．noises B．nails C．habits D．smells 15．A．sounded B．powered C．released D．suspended 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在深夜睡觉做梦时突然被一声巨响惊醒，之后发现是邻居正在研制一种所谓的能治疗失眠的机器。通过本文，作者旨在讽刺邻居的发明，因为在这之前邻居曾发明了一种以臭鸡蛋为动力的除臭的机器。1．C 考查形容词。句意：那声音听起来像是用锤子在敲一颗坚硬的钉子。A．tiny极小的；B．loose宽松的；C．tough坚硬的；D．sharp锋利的。根据上文“Bam! Bam! It sounded like a hammer pounding on…”可知，那个声音很大，像锤子在敲一颗坚硬的钉子。故选C项。2．C 考查名词。句意：肯定又是查理在做另一项发明。A．restlessness坐立不安，不安定；B．furniture家具；C．invention发明；D．music音乐。根据最后一段的“His last invention was supposed to remove bad __14__ but only it was __15__ by rotten eggs instead of electricity. ”的提示可知，作者知道邻居爱发明，认为这是他又在做另一项发明。故选C项。3．B 考查动词。句意：就在我穿上拖鞋和浴袍的时候，声音变了。A．arose出现；B．changed改变；C．disappeared消失；D．grew生长。根据下文“Tick! Tick! Tick！”以及上文“Bam! Bam！”可知，声音发生了变化。故选B项。4．C 考查动词。句意：它让我想起了我的第一块手表。A．told告诉；B．dropped下降；C．reminded使想起；D．confirmed确认。根据下文“me of my first wristwatch”可知，那个声音让作者想起了自己的第一块手表。故选C项。5．D 考查形容词。句意：它有规律的节奏总是能帮助我入睡。A．cheerful快乐的；B．loud大声的；C．various各种各样的；D．regular有规律的。根据上文“Tick! Tick! Tick！”以及空后“helped me fall asleep”可知，此处表示“它有规律的节奏总是能帮助我入睡”。故选D项。6．D 考查动词短语。句意：当滴答声停止时，我开始打瞌睡，危险地向左倾斜。A．bouncing off反弹；B．falling down跌倒；C．sliding down滑下来；D．nodding off打瞌睡。根据上文“helped me fall asleep”可知，钟表有规律的节奏总是能帮助作者入睡；现在的声音就像表的声音，所以作者开始打瞌睡。故选D项。7．A 考查动词。句意：现在它被嗡嗡声取代了，类似于仲夏蜂巢发出的声音，只是更响。A．replaced代替；B．interrupted打扰；C．recorded记录；D．emphasized强调。根据下文的“… by a buzz, similar to the noise coming from a beehive in midsummer, only __8__ . I shivered (颤抖) . ”可知，声音被嗡嗡声取代了。故选A项。8．B 考查形容词。句意：同上题。A．sweeter更甜的；B．louder更大声的；C．happier更高兴的；D．deeper更深的。根据上文的“similar to the noise coming from a beehive in midsummer”可知，那个嗡嗡声类似于仲夏蜂巢发出的声音。既然作者能在自己家里听到，所以那个声音肯定比蜂巢发出的声音更大。故选B项。9．A 考查形容词。句意：我对蜜蜂过敏！A．allergic过敏的；B．approachable亲切友善的；C．accustomed习惯的；D．accessible可使用的。根据上文“I shivered. ”以及下文“Even just thinking about it or hearing a bee-like sound makes me __10__ . ”可知，作者是对蜜蜂过敏，所以在颤抖。故选A项。10．C 考查形容词。句意：即使只是想到或听到蜜蜂般的声音都会让我头晕。A．sleepy困倦的；B．refreshed恢复精神的；C．dizzy头晕目眩的；D．infected受感染的。根据上文“I’m __9__ to bees! Even just thinking about it or hearing a bee-like sound makes me…”可知，作者对蜜蜂过敏，所以即使只是想到或听到蜜蜂般的声音都会感到头晕。故选C项。11．D 考查动词短语。句意：我再也受不了了！ A．make it成功；B．get it得到；C．catch it抓住；D．take it默默忍受。根据下文“I shouted, now wide __12__ and marched to the next apartment. ”可知，作者再也受不了。故选D项。12．B 考查形容词。句意：我喊道，现在完全清醒了，大步走到隔壁公寓。A．open打开的；B．awake醒着的；C．angry生气的；D．energetic精力充沛的。根据空后“… and marched to the next apartment. My neighbor didn’t open the door until I knocked the door a third time. ”可知，作者现在完全清醒了。故选B项。13．A 考查动词短语。句意：他卷曲的棕色头发从四面八方掉了下来。A．falling out掉落；B．sticking up竖起；C．blown dry吹干；D．tied back向后扎。根据空后“every way”可知，他的头发从四面八方掉了下来。故选A项。14．D 考查名词。句意：他的上一项发明是为了去除臭味，但它是用臭鸡蛋而不是电驱动的。A．noises噪音；B．nails钉子；C．habits习惯；D．smells气味。根据下文“…but only it was __15__ by rotten eggs instead of electricity. ”可知，他的上一项发明是为了去除臭味。故选D项。15．B 考查动词。句意：同上题。A．sounded听起来；B．powered驱动；C．released释放；D．suspended暂停。根据下文“instead of electricity”可知，此处指用臭鸡蛋而不是电来驱动。故选B项。Ⅲ．语法填空 Lake Powell，the second largest human-made reservoir(水库) in the US，has lost nearly 7% of its potential storage capacity since it 1.________ (build) in 1963.In addition to water 2.________ (lose) due to years of drought，the US Geological Survey found，Lake Powell 3.________ (face) an average annual loss in storage capacity of about 33，270 acre-feet per year between 1963 and 2018．That’s enough water 4.________ (fill) the Reflecting Pool on the National Mall about 1，600 times.The capacity of the reservoir is becoming smaller mainly because of sediments(沉淀物) 5.________ (flow) in from the Colorado and San Juan rivers. Those sediments settle at the bottom of the reservoir 6.________ decrease the total amount of water that the reservoir can hold. It’s bad news for a region 7.________ has already faced water shortages and extreme wildfires due to the drought.Lake Powell is 8.________ important reservoir in the Colorado River Basin. Both Lake Powell and nearby Lake Mead，the nation’s largest reservoir，are drying up 9.________ an alarming rate. In August，the government declared a water shortage on the Colorado River for the first time after Lake Mead’s water level decreased to a record low，leading to cuts in water consumption for the 10．________ (state) in the Southwest that began in January.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了由于干旱，鲍威尔湖的水位不仅直线下降，它的总容量也在减少。1．was built 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：鲍威尔湖是美国第二大人工水库，自1963年建成以来，其潜在蓄水能力已经损失了近7%。空格处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语 “in 1963”，可知句子的时态为一般过去时；空格处和句子的主语it之间是被动关系。由此可知，空格处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was built。2．loss 考查名词。句意：美国地质调查局发现，除了多年干旱导致的水分流失外，鲍威尔湖在1963年至2018年期间平均每年面临约33 270英亩英尺的蓄水量损失。空格处在句中作宾语，应用名词的形式，表示抽象概念为不可数名词。故填loss。3．faced 考查动词的时态。句意：同上题。空格处在句中作谓语。根据时间状语“between 1963 and 2018”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时。故填faced。4．to fill 考查非谓语动词。句意：那些水足够灌满国家广场上的倒影池约1 600次。空格处在句中作非谓语，表示将来，应用动词不定式作定语。故填to fill。5．flowing 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于从科罗拉多河和圣胡安河流入的沉积物，水库的容量越来越小。空格处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语sediments (沉淀物)之间是逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词作定语。故填flowing。6．and 考查连词。句意：这些沉积物沉积在水库底部，并且减少了水库可以容纳的总水量。分析句子结构可知，空格处表示并列，应用and。故填and。7．which/that 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这对一个由于干旱已经面临缺水和极端野火的地区来说是个坏消息。空格处引导定语从句且在句中作指物的主语，先行词为region。故填which/that。8．an 考查冠词。句意：鲍威尔湖是科罗拉多河流域一个重要的水库。空格处后为单数名词，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，又因空后的important的发音以元音音素开头，要用an修饰。故填an。9．at 考查介词。句意：鲍威尔湖和附近的米德湖(美国最大的水库)正以惊人的速度干涸。at a rate of…意为 “以……的速度”。故填at。10．states 考查名词。句意：在8月，在米德湖水位降至历史最低点后，政府首次宣布科罗拉多河缺水，导致美国西南部各州从1月开始削减用水量。空格处在句中作宾语，应用名词，根据后面的定语“in the Southwest”可知，空格处应用名词的复数的形式。故填states。
UNIT 12 Period One基础练 (建议用时：8分钟) Ⅰ．单项选择 1．If you can afford it, buy some ________ devices, like a washing machine.A．labour-saving B．productive C．time-consuming D．general 2．The company has successfully ________ new products and services.A．corresponded B．innovated C．entertained D．reduced 3．We are responsible for the care and ________ of all our patients.A．well-being B．richness C．hardship D．poverty 4．A child’s ________ develops rapidly between the ages of four and five.A．intelligence B．innovation C．adaption D．invention 【答案】1-4 ABAA Ⅱ．单词拼写 1．Singing can create a sense of ________ (幸福).2．The newscast usually covers topical events and ________ (娱乐节目).3．We must promote originality, inspire creativity and encourage i__________ .4．This morning a bomb in a ________ (垃圾) bag exploded and injured 15 people.5．He was hopeful that the next round of talks would also be ________ (富有成效的).【答案】1．well-being 2．entertainments 3．innovation 4．garbage 5．productive Ⅲ．单句语法填空 1．As a youth he discovered a ________ (gifted) for teaching.2．They should put warning labels on those nasty little ________ (device).3．They ____________ (entertain) by top singers, dancers and celebrities.4．He was one of the most creative and ______ (innovation) engineers of his generation.【答案】1．gift 2．devices 3．were entertained 4．innovative Ⅳ．完成句子 1．Version 1 of the process ______________ production.流程的第 1版投入生产运行。2．The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to ________________ the change.这个世界将会不同，所以我们必须准备好适应变化。3．Repeat positive affirmations when you start to __________________ or in the midst of self doubt.当你感到沮丧或对自己产生怀疑的时候，请反复地正面肯定自己。4．__________________ your dreams and one day they may come true.坚持你的梦想，总有一天它们会实现的。【答案】1．is placed into 2．adapt to 3．feel down 4．Hold on to 提升练 (建议用时：25分钟) Ⅰ．阅读理解 China’s space program made great progress today when it successfully landed the Zhurong rover on Mars. After months in orbit around the red planet，the Tianwen-1 spacecraft released the Zhurong rover for a landing at the preselected landing site close to an ancient ocean shoreline on Utopia Planitia. Chinese scientists are now getting ready to roll the 529 pound rover off its landing platform for a three-month exploration. But the vehicle could work well beyond this goal and end up exploring Mars for years.The Zhurong rover carries six scientific instruments. Two cameras will provide information about the Martian landscape，while a laser(激光) instrument will analyze the composition of the rocks and soil. A magnetometer(磁力计) will measure magnetic fields，and a climate station will study the atmosphere，temperature，pressure，wind，and sound on Mars. The most exciting instrument aboard the rover，however，is the underground searching radar，which will be used to search for small pockets of water or ice buried 33 feet below the surface. Such pockets of water or ice could prove extremely valuable for future crewed missions. Even more exciting，these pockets of water，sheltered from radiation，may contain simple life forms.“Because the landing site is very close to an ancient ocean shoreline that was not explored by NASA’s Viking 2 lander in 1975，the data will uncover more secrets of Mars. ” says James Head，a scientist at Brown University. Tianwen-1 and Zhurong are of great significance for stimulating the scientific enthusiasm and the creativity of the whole world, strengthening our ability to explore the unknown and expanding the living space of humanity，Head adds.Unlike NASA，China has already offered to share with the world the data from Tianwen-1 and Zhurong the same way it has done with data from its lunar exploration missions.1．Which instrument is most likely to detect life forms on Mars?A．The radar. B．The magnetometer.C．The cameras. D．The laser instrument.2．What is James Head’s attitude to China’s Martian program?A．Skeptical. B．Uninterested.C．Positive. D．Conservative.3．What can we infer from the last paragraph?A．NASA is more generous in sharing data with the world.B．Zhurong might meet NASA’s Viking 2 on Utopia Planitia.C．China’s space programs will benefit scientists around the world.D．Data from China’s lunar explorations are not available to foreign scientists.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述中国首次火星探测“祝融号”火星车已经安全到达火星表面。1．A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The most exciting instrument aboard the rover, however, is the underground searching radar, which will be used to search for small pockets of water or ice buried 33 feet below the surface. Such pockets of water or ice could prove extremely valuable for future crewed missions(火星车上最令人兴奋的仪器是地下搜索雷达，它将用于搜索埋在地表以下33英尺的小水区或冰区。这些水区或冰区对未来的载人任务极有价值。). ”可知，雷达可以最有可能监测到火星上的生命体。故选A项。2．C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Tianwen-1 and Zhurong are of great significance for stimulating the scientific enthusiasm and the creativity of the whole world, strengthening our ability to explore the unknown and expanding the living space of humanity, Head adds(Head补充道：’天问一号’和’祝融号’对激发全世界的科学热情和创造力，增强我们探索未知的能力，拓展人类的生存空间具有重要意义). ”可知，Head对中国的火星计划抱着积极的态度。故选C项。3．C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Unlike NASA, China has already offered to share with the world the data from Tianwen-1 and Zhurong the same way it has done with data from its lunar exploration missions(与美国宇航局不同的是，中国已经提出与世界分享’天问一号’和’祝融号’的数据，就像它与月球探测任务的数据一样). ”可知，中国的太空计划将使世界各地的科学家受益。故选C项。Ⅱ．完形填空 I was in the middle of a sweet dream when a noise shocked me. Bam! Bam! It sounded like a hammer pounding on a __1__ nail. Bam! Bam! Bam! Who could be hammering at three in the morning? It must be Charlie again, making another __2__ .Just as I was putting on my slippers and bathrobe, the noise __3__ . I sat at the edge of my bed and listened. Tick! Tick! Tick! It __4__ me of my first wristwatch. Its __5__ tempo(节奏) had always helped me fall asleep.I started __6__ dangerously leaning to the left，when the ticking stopped. It was now __7__ by a buzz，similar to the noise coming from a beehive in midsummer，only __8__ . I shivered(颤抖) . I’m __9__ to bees! Even just thinking about it or hearing a bee-like sound makes me __10__ .“I can’t __11__ anymore！” I shouted，now wide __12__ and marched to the next apartment. My neighbour didn’t open the door until I knocked the door a third time. His curly brown hair was __13__ every way. He wore red spotted pants and a loose strawberry shirt.I pointed at my noiseless watch. “Do you know what time it is? ” He grabbed my arm and glanced at my timepiece. “Oh，my God! I didn’t realise it was that late. I’m busy working on a machine that can cure insomnia(失眠症). It’s almost finished. Do you want to see it？” I should have known. His last invention was supposed to remove bad __14__ but only it was __15__ by rotten eggs instead of electricity.1．A．tiny B．loose C．tough D．sharp 2．A．restlessness B．furniture C．invention D．music 3．A．arose B．changed C．disappeared D．grew 4．A．told B．dropped C．reminded D．confirmed 5．A．cheerful B．loud C．various D．regular 6．A．bouncing off B．falling down C．sliding down D．nodding off 7．A．replaced B．interrupted C．recorded D．emphasized 8．A．sweeter B．louder C．happier D．deeper 9．A．allergic B．approachable C．accustomed D．accessible 10．A．sleepy B．refreshed C．dizzy D．infected 11．A．make it B．get it C．catch it D．take it 12．A．open B．awake C．angry D．energetic 13．A．falling out B．sticking up C．blown dry D．tied back 14．A．noises B．nails C．habits D．smells 15．A．sounded B．powered C．released D．suspended 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在深夜睡觉做梦时突然被一声巨响惊醒，之后发现是邻居正在研制一种所谓的能治疗失眠的机器。通过本文，作者旨在讽刺邻居的发明，因为在这之前邻居曾发明了一种以臭鸡蛋为动力的除臭的机器。1．C 考查形容词。句意：那声音听起来像是用锤子在敲一颗坚硬的钉子。A．tiny极小的；B．loose宽松的；C．tough坚硬的；D．sharp锋利的。根据上文“Bam! Bam! It sounded like a hammer pounding on…”可知，那个声音很大，像锤子在敲一颗坚硬的钉子。故选C项。2．C 考查名词。句意：肯定又是查理在做另一项发明。A．restlessness坐立不安，不安定；B．furniture家具；C．invention发明；D．music音乐。根据最后一段的“His last invention was supposed to remove bad __14__ but only it was __15__ by rotten eggs instead of electricity. ”的提示可知，作者知道邻居爱发明，认为这是他又在做另一项发明。故选C项。3．B 考查动词。句意：就在我穿上拖鞋和浴袍的时候，声音变了。A．arose出现；B．changed改变；C．disappeared消失；D．grew生长。根据下文“Tick! Tick! Tick！”以及上文“Bam! Bam！”可知，声音发生了变化。故选B项。4．C 考查动词。句意：它让我想起了我的第一块手表。A．told告诉；B．dropped下降；C．reminded使想起；D．confirmed确认。根据下文“me of my first wristwatch”可知，那个声音让作者想起了自己的第一块手表。故选C项。5．D 考查形容词。句意：它有规律的节奏总是能帮助我入睡。A．cheerful快乐的；B．loud大声的；C．various各种各样的；D．regular有规律的。根据上文“Tick! Tick! Tick！”以及空后“helped me fall asleep”可知，此处表示“它有规律的节奏总是能帮助我入睡”。故选D项。6．D 考查动词短语。句意：当滴答声停止时，我开始打瞌睡，危险地向左倾斜。A．bouncing off反弹；B．falling down跌倒；C．sliding down滑下来；D．nodding off打瞌睡。根据上文“helped me fall asleep”可知，钟表有规律的节奏总是能帮助作者入睡；现在的声音就像表的声音，所以作者开始打瞌睡。故选D项。7．A 考查动词。句意：现在它被嗡嗡声取代了，类似于仲夏蜂巢发出的声音，只是更响。A．replaced代替；B．interrupted打扰；C．recorded记录；D．emphasized强调。根据下文的“… by a buzz, similar to the noise coming from a beehive in midsummer, only __8__ . I shivered (颤抖) . ”可知，声音被嗡嗡声取代了。故选A项。8．B 考查形容词。句意：同上题。A．sweeter更甜的；B．louder更大声的；C．happier更高兴的；D．deeper更深的。根据上文的“similar to the noise coming from a beehive in midsummer”可知，那个嗡嗡声类似于仲夏蜂巢发出的声音。既然作者能在自己家里听到，所以那个声音肯定比蜂巢发出的声音更大。故选B项。9．A 考查形容词。句意：我对蜜蜂过敏！A．allergic过敏的；B．approachable亲切友善的；C．accustomed习惯的；D．accessible可使用的。根据上文“I shivered. ”以及下文“Even just thinking about it or hearing a bee-like sound makes me __10__ . ”可知，作者是对蜜蜂过敏，所以在颤抖。故选A项。10．C 考查形容词。句意：即使只是想到或听到蜜蜂般的声音都会让我头晕。A．sleepy困倦的；B．refreshed恢复精神的；C．dizzy头晕目眩的；D．infected受感染的。根据上文“I’m __9__ to bees! Even just thinking about it or hearing a bee-like sound makes me…”可知，作者对蜜蜂过敏，所以即使只是想到或听到蜜蜂般的声音都会感到头晕。故选C项。11．D 考查动词短语。句意：我再也受不了了！ A．make it成功；B．get it得到；C．catch it抓住；D．take it默默忍受。根据下文“I shouted, now wide __12__ and marched to the next apartment. ”可知，作者再也受不了。故选D项。12．B 考查形容词。句意：我喊道，现在完全清醒了，大步走到隔壁公寓。A．open打开的；B．awake醒着的；C．angry生气的；D．energetic精力充沛的。根据空后“… and marched to the next apartment. My neighbor didn’t open the door until I knocked the door a third time. ”可知，作者现在完全清醒了。故选B项。13．A 考查动词短语。句意：他卷曲的棕色头发从四面八方掉了下来。A．falling out掉落；B．sticking up竖起；C．blown dry吹干；D．tied back向后扎。根据空后“every way”可知，他的头发从四面八方掉了下来。故选A项。14．D 考查名词。句意：他的上一项发明是为了去除臭味，但它是用臭鸡蛋而不是电驱动的。A．noises噪音；B．nails钉子；C．habits习惯；D．smells气味。根据下文“…but only it was __15__ by rotten eggs instead of electricity. ”可知，他的上一项发明是为了去除臭味。故选D项。15．B 考查动词。句意：同上题。A．sounded听起来；B．powered驱动；C．released释放；D．suspended暂停。根据下文“instead of electricity”可知，此处指用臭鸡蛋而不是电来驱动。故选B项。Ⅲ．语法填空 Lake Powell，the second largest human-made reservoir(水库) in the US，has lost nearly 7% of its potential storage capacity since it 1.________ (build) in 1963.In addition to water 2.________ (lose) due to years of drought，the US Geological Survey found，Lake Powell 3.________ (face) an average annual loss in storage capacity of about 33，270 acre-feet per year between 1963 and 2018．That’s enough water 4.________ (fill) the Reflecting Pool on the National Mall about 1，600 times.The capacity of the reservoir is becoming smaller mainly because of sediments(沉淀物) 5.________ (flow) in from the Colorado and San Juan rivers. Those sediments settle at the bottom of the reservoir 6.________ decrease the total amount of water that the reservoir can hold. It’s bad news for a region 7.________ has already faced water shortages and extreme wildfires due to the drought.Lake Powell is 8.________ important reservoir in the Colorado River Basin. Both Lake Powell and nearby Lake Mead，the nation’s largest reservoir，are drying up 9.________ an alarming rate. In August，the government declared a water shortage on the Colorado River for the first time after Lake Mead’s water level decreased to a record low，leading to cuts in water consumption for the 10．________ (state) in the Southwest that began in January.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了由于干旱，鲍威尔湖的水位不仅直线下降，它的总容量也在减少。1．was built 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：鲍威尔湖是美国第二大人工水库，自1963年建成以来，其潜在蓄水能力已经损失了近7%。空格处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语 “in 1963”，可知句子的时态为一般过去时；空格处和句子的主语it之间是被动关系。由此可知，空格处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was built。2．loss 考查名词。句意：美国地质调查局发现，除了多年干旱导致的水分流失外，鲍威尔湖在1963年至2018年期间平均每年面临约33 270英亩英尺的蓄水量损失。空格处在句中作宾语，应用名词的形式，表示抽象概念为不可数名词。故填loss。3．faced 考查动词的时态。句意：同上题。空格处在句中作谓语。根据时间状语“between 1963 and 2018”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时。故填faced。4．to fill 考查非谓语动词。句意：那些水足够灌满国家广场上的倒影池约1 600次。空格处在句中作非谓语，表示将来，应用动词不定式作定语。故填to fill。5．flowing 考查非谓语动词。句意：由于从科罗拉多河和圣胡安河流入的沉积物，水库的容量越来越小。空格处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语sediments (沉淀物)之间是逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词作定语。故填flowing。6．and 考查连词。句意：这些沉积物沉积在水库底部，并且减少了水库可以容纳的总水量。分析句子结构可知，空格处表示并列，应用and。故填and。7．which/that 考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这对一个由于干旱已经面临缺水和极端野火的地区来说是个坏消息。空格处引导定语从句且在句中作指物的主语，先行词为region。故填which/that。8．an 考查冠词。句意：鲍威尔湖是科罗拉多河流域一个重要的水库。空格处后为单数名词，表示泛指，应用不定冠词，又因空后的important的发音以元音音素开头，要用an修饰。故填an。9．at 考查介词。句意：鲍威尔湖和附近的米德湖(美国最大的水库)正以惊人的速度干涸。at a rate of…意为 “以……的速度”。故填at。10．states 考查名词。句意：在8月，在米德湖水位降至历史最低点后，政府首次宣布科罗拉多河缺水，导致美国西南部各州从1月开始削减用水量。空格处在句中作宾语，应用名词，根据后面的定语“in the Southwest”可知，空格处应用名词的复数的形式。故填states。
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