第17讲 任务型阅读解题技巧-新七年级译林版英语暑假重难点精讲及专项训练

这是一份第17讲 任务型阅读解题技巧-新七年级译林版英语暑假重难点精讲及专项训练，共8页。试卷主要包含了任务型阅读题型介绍，任务型阅读题型做题技巧，填空，信息归纳，多任务混合问题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 题型解题技巧
一、任务型阅读题型介绍
任务型阅读是近几年在各地中考阅读试题中比较常见的题型。要求考生在阅读文章后能够对文章细节精准把握的一种读写结合能力检测的题型。
二、任务型阅读题型做题技巧
还原句子类
这种题型要求根据句意结构和上下文提示，选择合适的句子填空，使句意通顺，文意连贯。主要考查句意结构和单词形式，包括各种单词形式、动词的时态语态、非谓语动词等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握文意和语境，在正确理解的基础上选出正确的句子。
五选五是常见的呈现形式，要求考生把句子还原到语篇中，考查的是学生的文本语篇分析能力，从而使上下文在语义，语法，结构上完整。技巧及注意事项如下：1.判断挖空所处的位置：一般来讲位于句首通常是概括文章的总结性话语；文章中部通常是转折或者并列关系；文章末尾通常是总结段落或全文。2.根据连接词判断语境：连接词诸如but意味着上下文的语义关系出现转折，遇到此类情况就要弄得上下文说的是什么。而and等并列词语一般是描述前后两个或多个相似的事情。3.根据作者语气口吻推断：该类文章一般情况下主旨明确，有作者自己的态度倾向，所以做题时要看出作者持哪一方态度，不能选择有悖于作者思想的句子。
回答问题类
（1）快速通读课文，掌握文章大意。
浏览完题目后，带着问题快速通读全文，对文章的大意有一个初步的了解，同时找到文章中的关键句，并确定第二遍细读的重点部分，对于不影响理解和做题的部分可以一带而过，更不必在个别词上花时间。
（2）提取有效信息，根据题目要求进行改写。
在速度短文后，再回头看题后的问题。这时，能一锤定音的答案就先写好，不能马上确定的答案，根据第一遍速读时的印象到原文中找相关的信息，再进行推敲。尽管有相当的一部分题在原文中能找到答案，不需要推敲，但是大多数还是需要大家进行改写和重组的。
（3）仔细推敲，认真复查
做完题目后，要立足整体，将完成后的句子再通读一遍，看看所改写的句子是否流畅，语句是否通顺。同时还要照顾原文，看看答案是否与原文意义相符，时态一致。确保答案正确，大小写无误，语法正确，逻辑合理。
完成句子或表格类
阅读短文填空，即根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断，提炼语言填空。首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这对题目的判断至关重要，需要考生综合所有的细节来理解把握。
综合任务类
任务型阅读通常有回答问题型，判断正误型，阅读填空型，英汉互译型等题型，不仅考查学生阅读理解层面 能力，更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。阅读短文回答问题，即根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断，组织语言回答问题。首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这对题目的判断至关重要，需要考生综合所有的细节来理解把握。
判断正误类
“正误判断型阅读理解题”解题思路：
（1）阅读原文，捕捉信息。理解大意。先通读原文，捕捉文中所提供的信息，抓住文章大意，理清全文脉络。
（2）审读题目，找出相关的依据。读懂短文内容再读题目，把握每一个待判定句子的含义，通过寻读法在原文中找出每一个问题相关的段落与词句，然后依据短文内容对试题所给出的句子进行是非判断。
（3）重读短文，逐题复核，检查无误。完成正误判断后必须将短文重复一遍，以加深对短文的理解，在此基础上再对每一道题进行复查，对一些似是而非的句子，一定要重新认真识别。
第二部分 任务型阅读专项训练（含解析）
一、回答问题
As summer arrives, it’s imprtant t drink a lt t keep us cl. What are the ppular drinks in the US?
Sprts drinks and fruit drinks are quite ppular. But there are tw main(主要的) drinks, that Americans enjy mst: water and sda. Arund 10.9 billin gallns (加仑)f water is drunk every year, and l2.8 billin gallns f sda is drunk, t. Sda is the mst ppular drink. It’s fizzy(冒泡的) and ppular with friends. Perhaps it is the best fr parties. Hwever, if yu are playing sprts, sda is nt a gd drink. The fizzy and sweet drinks may make yu uncmfrtable when exercising. The best drink fr sprts is water. That’s because it has n calries(卡路里) and keeps yu fresh during sprts. Besides, dctrs tell us that drinking water each day is healthy.
Fr many kids, juice r milk are their favrites. These drinks are healthy and give kids vitamins and energy during the day. Adults usually chse tea r cffee.
1．Hw many kinds f drinks are mentined in the passage?
_________________ kinds f drinks are mentined in the passage.
2．What drinks d Americans enjy mst accrding t the passage?
Americans enjy _____________ mst accrding t the passage.
3．Why is sda nt a gd drink when peple are exercising?
Because sda may _____________ when peple are exercising.
4．What is the best drink fr sprts?
The best drink fr sprts is _____________.
5．What’s the main idea f the passage?
The main idea f the passage is abut _____________.
二、信息匹配
配对阅读，左栏是五位学生对自己亲人的介绍，右栏是七个相关人物的介绍，请为每位学生选择合适的人物。
三、填空
My name is Nancy. I’m a student in Beijing Internatinal Schl. I ften walk t schl, but smetimes I take a bus t schl. I always d my hmewrk in the evening. I never watch TV in the afternn. On Sundays, I usually play sccer with my friends, but smetimes I have a picnic with my parents n the hill. I seldm see a mvie.
根据短文内容，完成下列表格。每空一词。
四、信息归纳
阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容完成句子。
December 25th is Christmas Day. In many cuntries, it is the mst imprtant day in a year. Peple all cme back t their hmes. On Christmas Day, peple sing and dance day and night. They have a gd time.
Mst families buy a Christmas tree fr their children. And there are sme presents in the tree here and there. Peple als put presents in children’s stckings (长筒袜）. In many places, Father Christmas brings presents t them. He is a kind man in red clthes. There is a big bag n his back. In it there are a lt f presents.
On Christmas Day, peple enjy all kinds f fd. But sme pr（贫穷的）peple have n huses t live in and have n fd t eat.
16．December 25th is ____________.
17．On Christmas Day, peple ____________ day and night.
18．Peple als put ______________ in children’s stckings.
19．There is ____________ n Father Christmas’ back.
20．On Christmas Day, peple enjy ______________ fd.

五、多任务混合问题

It’s getting warmer and the grass is greener. Hw fine it is t relax n the grass. But signs such as “keep ff the grass*” in China always make me afraid. In the UK, peple can relax in the pen air r in the parks at any time.
If it’s a sunny day, peple will just sit n the grass and feel the sun’s warmth. Families enjy spending their weekends n the grass. There, families can bring smething t eat r drink and play cards with family members r friends; children can play chess and tell each ther jkes.
Als, in mst schls, grass fields are like a sft study desk fr students. They can enjy reading bks and learn in the green envirnment. They als talk, laugh, listen t music and play games n the grass.
In sme parks, there are many kinds f green grass fr peple t relax and play sprts n. Be smart t find the gd ne, and yu may feel yurself sitting in the middle f a sccer game.
Hwever, there is ne rule when yu enjy the green grass: keep it clean!
21．When the writer thinks f the signs “keep ff the grass”, he feels ________.
A．quietB．afraidC．friendlyD．tired
22．Frm the passage, students in the UK dn’t ________ n the grass in a schl.
A．read bksB．play cardsC．play gamesD．listen t music
23．The underlined wrd “ne “in the passage refers t _______.
A．the green grassB．a study deskC．the parkD．the sccer game
24．Abut the grass in the UK, we can knw that ________.
A．peple must keep ff the grass
B．there’s little grass in the parks
C．children can’t sit n the grass n sunny days
D．peple must fllw rules t enjy the grass
25．D yu think we shuld keep ff the grass? Why d yu think s?
____________________________________________________________________________________

6． My brther is 16 years ld. He is very tall. He can play basketball very well.
7． My mther is a husewife. She can ck very delicius fd.
8． My sister is very gd at badmintn. She ften plays badmintn with me.
9． My grandpa is ld, but he still wrks n the farm every day.
10． My father is a teacher. He is 42 years ld.
A．Mr. Black is a farmer. He is very ld, but he is very strng.
B．Tm is a tall by. He is 16 years ld.
C．Mr. Brwn is a middle-aged man. He teaches English in a middle schl.
D．Mrs. Smith is a nurse. She wrks in a hspital.
E. Je likes basketball very much, but he is t shrt.
F. Sally is an active girl. She likes badmintn very much.
G. Mrs. David desn’t have a jb. She just stays at hme and cks the meals.
Nancy’s Activities
Nancy is a 11． in Beijing Internatinal Schl.
She ften ges t schl n 12．.
She always 13． her hmewrk in the evening.
She 14． watches TV in the afternn.
On 15．, she usually plays sccer with her friends.
参考答案
一
答案
1．Six
2．water and sda
3．make yu uncmfrtable
4．water
5．the ppular drinks in the US
短文大意
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在美国夏天受欢迎的饮料。
解析
1．通读全文可知，文章中共提到了water、sda、juice、milk、tea和 cffee六种饮料。故填Six。
2．根据文中“But there are tw main(主要的) drinks, that Americans enjy mst: water and sda.”可知，美国人最喜欢水和苏打水。故填water and sda。
3．根据文中“Hwever, if yu are playing sprts, sda is nt a gd drink. The fizzy and sweet drinks may make yu uncmfrtable when exercising.”可知，人们在锻炼的时候，苏打水不是好饮料，因为苏打水可能会让你不舒服。故填make yu uncmfrtable。
4．根据文中“The best drink fr sprts is water.”可知， 最好的运动饮料是水。故填water。
5．通读全文可知，文章的主要内容是关于在美国受欢迎的饮料。故填the ppular drinks in the US。
二
短文大意
这里是对五个不同的人的不同情况的介绍进行配对。
答案解析
6．根据题干“My brther is 16 years ld. He is very tall. He can play basketball very well.”可知，这里描述的是兄弟的情况，与B选项“汤姆是一个高个子男孩。他16岁。”一致，故选B。
7．根据题干“My mther is a husewife. She can ck very delicius fd.”可知，这里描述的是母亲的情况，与G选项“大卫夫人没有工作。她只是待在家里做饭。”描述一致，故选G。
8．根据题干“My sister is very gd at badmintn.”可知，这里是描述妹妹的情况，与F选项“萨莉是一个活跃的女孩。她非常喜欢羽毛球。”描述一致，故选F。
9．根据题干“My grandpa is ld, but he still wrks n the farm every day.”可知，这里是描述爷爷的情况，与A选项“布莱克先生是一位农民。他很老了，但他很强壮。”描述相符，故选A。
10．根据题干“My father is a teacher. He is 42 years ld.”可知，这是描述自己的父亲的情况，与C选项“布朗先生是位中年人。他在一所中学教英语。”描述一致，故选C。
三
短文大意
文章介绍了作者是一名学生，详细介绍了自己平时的生活作息情况。
答案解析
11．根据“My name is Nancy. I’m a student in Beijing Internatinal Schl.”可知，Nancy是北京国际学校的一名学生，故填student。
12．根据“I ften walk t schl”可知，作者经常步行去上学，n ft“步行”，故填ft。
13．根据“I always d my hmewrk in the evening.”可知，作者经常在晚上做作业，句子主语是She，动词应用三单形式，故填des。
14．根据“I never watch TV in the afternn.”可知，作者在下午从不看电视，故填never。
15．根据“On Sundays, I usually play sccer with my friends”可知，作者通常在周日和朋友们踢足球，故填Sundays。
四
答案
16．Christmas Day
17．sing and dance
18．presents
19．a big bag
20．all kinds f
文章大意
12月25日是圣诞节，圣诞节在大多数国是最重要的节日。大多数家庭为他们的孩子买一棵圣诞树，圣诞树上有一些礼物。人们也把礼物放在孩子们的袜子里。在圣诞节那天，人们喜欢各种各样的食物，但有些穷人没有房子住，没有食物吃。
解析
16．根据“December 25th is Christmas Day.”可知，12月25日是圣诞节，故填Christmas Day。
17．根据“On Christmas Day, peple sing and dance day and night.”可知，在圣诞节，人们日夜唱歌跳舞，故填sing and dance。
18．根据“Peple als put presents in children’s stckings (长筒袜）.”可知，人们也把礼物放在孩子们的长袜里，故填presents。
19．根据“There is a big bag n his back.”可知，圣诞老人的背上有一个大袋子，故填a big bag。
20．根据“On Christmas Day, peple enjy all kinds f fd.”可知，在圣诞节，人们享受各种各样的食物，故填all kinds f。
五
短文大意
在中国，如果你想去草地上休息，你会看到“请勿践踏草坪”的标志，但在英国，人们可以随时在户外或公园里的草地上放松。
答案解析
21．细节理解题。根据第一段“But signs such as “keep ff the grass” in China always make me afraid.”可知，看到“请勿践踏草坪”这样的标志，作者会感到害怕。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段“They can enjy reading bks and learn in the green envirnment*. They als talk, laugh, listen t music and play games n the grass.”可知，学生们可以在草地上读书、聊天、说笑、听音乐、玩游戏。B选项没有提到，故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据第四段“In sme parks, there are many kinds f green grass fr peple t relax and play sprts n. Be smart t find the gd ne”可知，ne代指上句话 “there are many kinds f green grass”提到的“green grass”，故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据短文最后“Hwever, there is ne rule when yu enjy the green grass: keep it clean!”可知，在草地上放松，需要记住一个规则：保持草坪干净。D选项符合文意，故选D。
25．这是一个开放式的问题，意为“你认为我们应该远离草坪吗？为什么？”，学生们可以根据实际情况做出回答。如Yes, I think s, because we must prtect the grass.“是的，因为我们必须保护草坪”或者N, I dn’t think s, because peple can have fun playing n the grass.“不，我不这样认为，因为人们在草地上能玩得很开心”。故填Yes, I think s, because we must prtect the grass./N, I dn’t think s, because peple can have fun playing n the grass.