考点01-名词知识点总结+习题（含答案）

这是一份考点01-名词知识点总结+习题（含答案），共9页。
名词词义辨析；
名词的数；
名词的主谓一致；
名词所有格。
一、名词的分类
二、可数名词

三、不可数名词
1、不可数名词做主语，谓语动词用单三。
2、用量词修饰不可数名词
e.g. 一瓶水 a bttle f water → 两瓶水 tw bttles f water （此时谓语动词用复数）
一张纸 a piece f paper → 五张纸 five pieces f paper
3、不可数名词的其他用法
四、名词所有格
五、名词的句法功能
单项填空
The __________ is my favurite fruit.
A. biscuit B. sausage C. strawberry D. chclate
Put n the___，r yu can't see the 3D film clearly.
A. glasses B. glves C. hat D. sweater
—In China，we use red paper fr hngba because red means gd luck.
—That's interesting! l want t knw all the Chinese __________.
A. traditins B. sentences C. ntices D. prblems
Yur leg lks really bad! I think yu shuld send fr a ________ abut that.
A. pilt B. dctr C. singer D. pstman
Hi，Mm is a mving film. It has been n fr several mnths in the ________.
A. museum B. bank C. library D. cinema
His father is a great __________ in Leishenshan Hspital in Wuhan. He is s busy that he hasn't had a gd rest fr several mnths.
A. actr B. singer C. vilinist D. dctr
One __________ f the bk is missing，s I can't learn the whle stry.
A. cpy B. page C. writer D. reader
My peple，My cuntry is a famus mvie，and I have seen it twice in the
A. bank B. cinema C. supermarket D. library
单项填空
His beautiful music has brught __________ t peple all ver the wrld.
A. difficulty B. pleasure C. weather D. danger
Zhang Guimei started the first free senir high schl fr girls t help get an __________in Lijiang，Yunnan.
A. educatin B. invitatin C. infrmatin D. imaginatin
Maria is full f __________ because she takes exercise every day.
A. energy B. talent C. humur D. wealth
Wuld yu send me sme __________ f yurs? I miss yu very much
A. magazine B. phts C. mney D. advice
Kate is s shy that she desn't have __________ t sing in public.
A. pwer B. curage C. energy D. time
If the temperature is belw ℃，water will turn int ________ the pen air.
A. ice B. steam C. fg D. rain
---Can yu tell me the __________ f the sweater?
---Yes，it's ￥125.
A. clr B. price C. shape
---Why d Chinese peple like red?
---Because the clur red is the __________ f gd luck in China.
A. reasn B. hpe C. dream D. symbl
单项填空
Excuse me，is the museum far frm here?-—N，it's abut __________.
A. 5 minutes walk B. 5 minute walk C. 5 minutes' walk D. 5 minute's walk
There are many __________ teachers in this primary schl.
A. wman B. wman's C. wmen D. wmen's
The wman in a hat is __________ aunt.
A. Jack and Jhn B. Jack's and Jhn C. Jack's and Jhn's D. Jack and Jhn's
---What wuld yu like t drink，girls?
--- __________, please.
A. Tw glass f water B. Tw glass f waters C. Tw cups f tea D. Tw cups f teas
Tday is September 10th. It's __________ Day. Let's g and buy sme flwers fr ur teachers.
A. Teachers B. Teachers' C. the Teachers' D. Teacher's
They are thse __________ bags. Please put them n the bus.
A. visitr B. visitrs C. visitr's D. visitrs'
—Hw sn shall we start the bicycle trip?
__________
A. In five day's time. B. In five days' time. C. In five days time. D. Fr five days.
Yu needn't wait fr Tm any lnger. He must be having supper at __________.
A. the Smith's B. the Smiths' C. the Smiths D. Smiths
单项填空
The twins __________ fnd f the new idea in the magazine article.
A. be B. am C. is D. are
There __________ tw dictinaries n the bkcase. Yu can use either f them.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
A lt f freigners __________ familiar with the famus places f interest in China.
A.am B. is C. are D. be
Neither Tm nr I __________ interested in playing WeChat.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
---Why are yu walking s quickly，Edward?
---There __________ a talent shw in ten minutes.
A. will have B. will be C. is ging t have D. are ging t be
The number f the students in ur class __________ 50. And a number f them __________ English.
A. is; like B. are; like C. is; likes D. are; likes
Jhn as well as his classmates ________ ding their hmewrk frm 6 t 7 yesterday evening.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
The ppulatin f the city _______ very large，and ne third f the ppulatin _______ farmers.
A. are; are B. is; are C. are; is D. is; is
一、单项填空
Put it dwn，Jim. Yu mustn't read __________ letter.
A. else anyne's B. anyne else's C. anyne's else D. anyne else
In Nrth America，yu cannt stand t clse t peple. Give them mre persnal __________.
A. fun B. space C. time D. infrmatin
If yu have __________ in learning smething，yu'll be able t learn it well.
A. interest B. habit C. hbby D. result
we can see the __________ n their faces when they talk abut the great achievements in the past few years.
A. pride B. regret C. ability D. attentin
After years f war，the peple in Syria are thirsty fr __________.
A. price B. nise C. peace D. curse
The __________ between Dalian and Beijing nly takes abut an hur.
A. flight B. plane C. transprt D. distance
Culd yu give me sme __________ n hw t spend the cming hliday?
A. knwledge B. hbbies C. suggestins D. infrmatin
Sally has made big __________ in Chinese. She can even understand Beijing Opera very well.
A. memries B. vcabulary C. decisins D. prgress
二、用所给词适当形式填空
A Chinese father made sme nice dresses fr his daughter with his ____________ ld shirts. (wife)
Wuld yu mind giving me sme ____________ n hw t plant trees? (advice)
Mre and mre students have realised the ____________ f gd habits. (imprtant)
I haven't gt the ____________ t Daming's birthday. I'm a little sad. (invite)
A music ____________ is ging t be held in ur city. Wuld yu like t jin in it? (cmpete)
Mr. Smith has made a ____________ t raise mney t help the pr. (decide)
T be a ____________ ，yu have t be knwledgeable and hard-wrking. (science)
The ____________ n the tree turn yellw in autumn. (leaf)
It 's abut three ____________ ride by high-speed rail frm Dalian t Shenyang. (hur).
Our teacher is very angry with yur brther because he made many ____________ in his hmewrk. (mistake)
考点一 1~4 CAAB 5~8 DDBB
考点二 1~4 BAAB 5~8 BABD
考点三 1~4 CCDC 5~8 BDBB
考点四 1~4 DCCA 5~8 BACB
综合练习
1~4 BBAA 5~8 CACD
1. wife's 2. advice 3. imprtance 4. invitattin 5. cmpetitin
6. decisin 7. scientist 8. leaves 9. hurs’ 10. mistakes考点 1
名 词
专有名词
人名、地名、国名
Lndn伦敦，Tm汤姆，the Great Wall长城，Asia亚洲
书名、电影名、各种标语
Spider Man 《蜘蛛侠》
机构、组织、团体
UNESCO联合国教科文组织，
Beijing University北京大学
月份、星期、节日
Mnday星期一，Natinal day国庆节
普通名词
可数
名词
个体名词：girl，apple，city，nurse
集体名词：peple（人们），family（家庭）
不可数
名词
物质类：water，il，paper
不可数名词做主语时谓语动词用单数
抽象类：happiness，health
【知识拓展】
集体名词的分类：
本身是复数，如，cattle牛群，peple人们，plice警察。
本身单复数均可表示，如audience观众，class班级，club俱乐部，cmpany公司， family家庭，grup组，team队（当这一类词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于其表示的具体含义，如果作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词用单数形式；如果指的是具体成员，则谓语动词用复数形式）
family做个体名词时表示家庭成员、家人；做集体名词时表示家庭。
e.g.
► tw families 两个家庭
► Our family are very friendly. 我们的家人都很友好
►The family is the basic unit f sciety. 家庭是构成社会的基本单位。
►My family are ging n a trip this summer. 我们全家今年夏天要外出旅游。
1、可数名词变复数的规则变化
① 一般情况下直接+s：egg→eggs，banana→bananas
② 以e结尾+s：eye→eyes
③ 以-s，-sh，-ch，-x结尾+es：watch→watches，bx→bxes
④ 以辅音字母加y结尾，去y+ies：family → families
⑤ 以f或fe结尾，去f或fe+ves：self→selves，wlf→wlves，leaf→leaves
⑥ 以结尾的：
有生命+es：hre→heres，ptat→ptates，tmat→tmates，negr→negres
无生命+s：pht→phts，
【知识拓展】
① Kangar→Kangars（袋鼠+s）
② 以ch结尾的名词：ch发音为/k/的名词，其复数形式直接在词尾加-s，e.g. stmach→stmachs
2、不规则变化
① 变元音：man→men，wman→wmen，tth→teeth，ft→feet
② 不规则：child→children，muse→mice，gse→geese
③ 只有复数形式：trusers、scissrs、pants、glasses、shes
【知识拓展】
① 以下单词为单复数同形：fish，sheep，deer，Chinese，Japanese
（fish表示的种类可数，e.g. five fishes 五种鱼）
（关于“某国人”的单复数口诀：中日不变英法变，其余s后面添
e.g. Englishman→Englishmen，Frenchman→Frenchmen，American→Americans，Australian→Australians，Canadian→Canadians）
② 有些名词表面为复数形式，实为单数。
e.g. Maths数学，Physics物理，plitics政治，news新闻，the United Natins 联合国
③ 还有一些单词做可数名词和不可数名词时意思不同，e.g.
wrk做可数名词意为“作品”，做不可数名词意为“工作”
experience做可数名词意为“经历”，做不可数名词意为“经验”
3、复合名词变复数
① 有man、wman修饰时：
一个男老师 a man teacher→ 两个男老师 tw men teachers
一个女医生 a wman dctr→两个女医生 tw wmen dctrs
② 其余的把最后一个名词变复数：
一个信箱a mail bx → 两个信箱tw mail bxes
一棵梨树 a pear tree → 两颗梨树 tw pear trees
（1）常见的不可数名词
不能用具体的数字来表示：
cttn棉花，fd食物，hair头发，health健康，ice冰，wind风
（2）可转化为可数名词的物资名称
① 有些物质名词在表达个体概念时，是可数名词：
rain雨→a rain一场雨，wind风→a wind一阵风，
beer啤酒→a beer一杯啤酒，paper纸→a paper一份论文
② 有些物质名词的复数形式表示特殊含义：
Water水→waters海域，wd木头→wds森林，custm习惯→custms海关
（3）可转化为可数名词的抽象名词
抽象名词表示具体的人或事物时，被视为可数名词，可与不定冠词连用，也可有复数形式，表示＂某种人或事＂。
disappintment失望→a disappintment令人失望的事，
experience经验→an experience 一次经历，
success成功→a success成功的人或事
（4）可转化为可数名词的专有名词
有的专有名词也可以用作可数名词，可以由不定冠词修饰，也可有复数形式。e.g.
► A Mr. Black is waiting fr yu. 一个叫布莱克的先生在等你。
【易错警示】
某些不可数名词，有形容词修饰时，之前常加不定冠词。
a deep lve 深深的爱，a gd educatin 良好的教育，a gd time 一段美好时光，
a heavy fg 一场浓雾，a lng silence 长时间沉寂，a rich dinner 一顿丰盛的晚餐
1、有生命的名词所有格
① 一般情况下直接+’s：我爸爸的书 my father’s bk
② 以s结尾的复数名词+’：他们爸爸的工作 their fathers’ jb，教师节 Teachers’ Day
③ 不以s结尾的复数名词+’s：儿童节 Children’s Day
④ 几人共有的东西在最后一个名词后+’s：莉莉和艾米(共同)的房间Lily and Amy’s rm
⑤ 几人分别有的东西每个名词后+’s：莉莉和艾米(不同)的房间Lily’s and Amy’s rm
⑥ 所有格表示某人的家：我叔叔家 my uncle’s
2、无生命的名词所有格用f
e.g. 中国的历史 the histry f China，at the end f this term
但表时间、距离、世界、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命的名词直接在词尾加-’s或-’。e.g. five minutes’ walk 五分钟的路程
3、双重所有格
表示所属物的名词前有冠词（a/an），数词（ne，tw...），不定代词（sme，all，any...），物主代词（my，yur...），指示代词（this，that...时，常用＂f +’s所有格＂形式，即双重所有格来表示所属关系。
e.g.
my dad’s friend = a friend f my dad’s我爸爸的朋友
a pht f my sister’s 我妹妹的一张照片
this bk f my classmate’s 我同学的这本书
序号
功能
例句
1
作主语
Newspapers are useful. 报纸有用。
2
作宾语
Have yu received my letter? 你收到我的信了吗？（作动词的宾语）
The bks are n the desk. 书在桌子上。（作介词的宾语）
3
作表语
Time is mney. 时间就是金钱。
4
作补足语
We made him manager f the cmpany. 我们选他当公司的经理。
5
作同位语
Yu students g first. 你们学生先走。
6
作状语
We’ll meet next Sunday. 我们下周日见。
7
作定语
I am an English teacher. 我是一位英语老师。
【知识扩展】
名词作定语一般用其单数形式。
e.g. a paper bag纸袋，a she shp鞋店，a ftball fan球迷
有些常以复数形式出现的名词作定语时用复数形式。
e.g. a clthes shp服装店，a glasses stre眼镜店，a gds train货运列车
数词加名词构成的形容词（中间有连字符）作定语时，名词常使用单数形式。
e.g. a five-year-ld by 一个三岁的男孩，a 500-metre-lng rpe 一条五百米的绳子
所有格作定语和名词直接作定语的区别：
名词所有格作定语时，表示的是所有关系，即归谁所有。
e.g. Tm’s bks 汤姆的书（汤姆和书之间是所属关系，即书是汤姆的）。
而名词直接作定语时，与被修饰的名词之间没有所属关系，如：she shp鞋店
▶▶▶ 名词练习题 ◀◀◀
考点一
可数名词
考点二
不可数名词
考点三
名词所有格
考点四
名词的主谓一致
综合练习
考点 1
名 词参考答案