广东省深圳市宝安区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份广东省深圳市宝安区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末考试英语试卷（Word版附解析），共31页。试卷主要包含了 Why did Dr， What des Dr等内容，欢迎下载使用。

注意事项：
1. 答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3考试结束后将本试卷和答题卡一并交回
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Biggest Natinal Park On Cntinents
America
Cvering nearly half f the wrld’s largest island, Nrtheast Greenland Natinal Park is currently the glbe’s single largest natinal park and biggest land-based prtected area. It cvers 972, 000 square kilmeters. The vast Greenland: Ice Sheet makes up mst f the park, but there’s als a lng castline that is hme t musk xen, plar bears and many ther Arctic creatures.
Oceania
Cvering 36, 000 square kilmeters, the Munga-Thirri-Simpsn Desert Natinal Park was set up in 2021 t prtect the beautiful desert landscapes f far nrthern Suth Australia. It includes ne f the wrld’s largest dune (沙丘) fields. As well as mre than 150 bird species, the park prvides hme fr many animals.
Asia
Funded in 2021, China’s Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park is nw the largest in Asia, cvering 190, 700 square kilmeters f the snw-cvered Qinghai-Tibet Plateau that prvides the headwaters f the Yangtze, Yellw and Lancang rivers. Rugh and remte, the highlands harbr a range f rare, endangered animal species. The park als includes cultural sites.
Africa
Sme f the wrld’s highest and biggest sand dunes are the centerpiece f western Namibia’s Namib-Naukluft Natinal Park, Africa’s largest at 49, 768 square kilmeters. Easy t explre with yur wn, vehicle, the main park rad leads t mst dunes and frest. Ht air balln flights ffer a bird’s eye view f the whle park. It is als knwn fr plants and animals that have adapted t ne f the Earth’s mst dry places.
1. Where is the wrld largest natinal park lcated?
A. In Asia.B. In Africa.C. In America.D. In Oceania.
2. What makes the Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park special?
A. Its large ice sheet.B. Cultural scenic spts.
C. Highest sand dunes.D. Rare Arctic creatures.
3. Hw can visitrs enjy the full view f the Namib-Naukluft Natinal Park?
A. By taking bats.B. By driving vehicles.
C By riding bicycles.D. By riding ht air ballns.
B
On March 1, Dr. Jseph Dituri began a prject t stay fr 100 days at a special htel called Jules’s Undersea Ldge 30 feet under the cean surface in a cnservatin area in Key Larg.
The farther yu g belw the cean’s surface, the greater the pressure. Dr. Dituri wanted t learn hw this pressure wuld affect the human bdy ver time. He believes that high pressure culd help peple live lnger and stay healthier as they get lder. It culd als help dctrs treat different medical prblems, including brain injuries.
While he was living underwater, Dr. Dituri stayed busy. He ften exercised in the mrning. He kept teaching his cllege classes virtually and had nline chats with ver 5,500 students frm 15 different cuntries. He als wrked with cean experts t figure ut ways t preserve the cean. He even had a number f visitrs wh dve dwn t spend a little time with him.
On June 9, Dr. Dituri returned t the surface with a new wrld recrd, beating the ld recrd f 73 days. Many friends, family, and ther supprters were there t greet him and celebrate his success. Dctrs quickly checked him ut t make sure he was kay.
Actually, Dr. Dituri went thrugh several big changes. Fr ne thing, he became 1. 3 centimeters shrter during his time in the higher undersea pressure. Sleeping much better, his health greatly imprved in a cuple f ways. Dr. Dituri and his team plan t study the infrmatin they cllected during the prject. In Nvember, Dr. Dituri will speak at an imprtant medical meeting in Sctland abut the discveries the scientists made during the prject.
Dr. Dituri says his favrite part f the prject was talking with yung peple. “Wh knws?” he said. “Maybe ne day ne f them will cme. back and break the recrd we just set. My greatest hpe is that I have inspired a new generatin f explrers and researchers t push past all bundaries.
4. What is Jules’s Undersea Ldge special fr?
A. Its cnvenience.B. Its reputatin.C. Its lcatin.D. Its luxuriusness.
5. Why did Dr. Dituri decide t stay lng in the htel?
A. T treat his brain injuries.B. T live lnger and healthier.
C. T deal with medical prblems.D. T test ne f his academic ideas.
6. Which statement best describes Dr. Dituri’s undersea life?
A. He kept a daily rutine almst as usual.
B. He was busy with medical experiments.
C. He led a dull life separated frm the thers.
D. He set a wrld recrd f living 73 days underwater.
7. What des Dr. Dituri wish yung peple t d?
A. Cmmunicate mre with him.B. Explre the unknwn bravely.
C. Study the infrmatin f the prject.D. Meet at the cnference in Sctland.
C
Each year, mre than 27 millin U.S. and Canadian kids get t schl by bus. Mst f thse buses run n diesel (柴油) fuel, which give ut pllutin that riders can take in. Pllutin levels can be several times higher inside a diesel schl bus than utside it. Why? Pllutin can leak in frm the flr r blw in thrugh windws.
A U. S. gvernment prgram started in 2012 ffered schls’ mney spent n cleaner schl buses but nt all schls culd get it. Five years later emissins frm buses in the winning districts fell. And a year after getting new buses, student attendance had imprved in thse districts. Fr an average district f 10, 000 students, abut six mre students attended ‘schl each day’ in the winning districts, cmpared t the lsing districts. Winning schls with higher rates f bus-riding kids had an average f 14 mre students in class each day. And winning districts that replaced the ldest schl buses? They had an average f 45 mre students in schl each day.
Thse numbers may sund small, but they add up. And schl attendance matters fr student achievement. Almst 3 millin U. S. kids ride schl buses mre than 20 years ld. If U. S. schl districts had replaced all f thse lder buses, there wuld have been 1. 3 millin fewer student absences each year.
There might be ther reasns fr better attendance. Fr example, maybe kids preferred new buses. Hwever, the mst-likely reasn fr fewer student absences was better health. A study dne n adults shwed that a brief expsure t diesel emissins reduced “netwrk cnnectivity” in the brain. In ther studies, such netwrk-cnnectivity changes have been linked t wrsened memry and mental tasks. A Washingtn State prgram upgraded pllutin cntrls in ld diesel buses. Afterward, fewer kids were hspitalized in thse districts than in schls withut bus upgrades.
Almst all U. S. schl districts can apply fr the prgram. But schls in lw-incme areas, in tribal areas and, in rural areas will get pririty. Kids in these areas tend t face the mst health risks frm lder buses.
8. What can we infer abut diesel schl buses frm the first paragraph?
A. They have a shrt service life.
B. They perate cst-effectively.
C. They accmmdate few passengers.
D. They d much harm t schl children.
9. Why is the increase in schl attendance small but imprtant?
A. It is a lng accumulatin.B. It is a winning cnditin.
C. It is a measuring standard.D. It is a student achievement.
10. Hw des the bus replacement bring better student attendance?
A. By reducing the netwrk cnnectivity.
B. By bettering the health state f students.
C. By imprving student satisfactin with schls.
D. By meeting students’ demand fr schl bus drivers.
11. What des the text mainly talk abut?
A. The “netwrk cnnectivity” in the brain.
B. The great wrk n cleaner schl buses.
C. A U. S. gvernment prgram fr educatin.
D. Better attendance due t new schl buses.
D
First-year cllege students ften are expected r required t live in drmitries. In the rest years, it’s usually up t thse students t decide whether t live n r ff campus.
But sme schls dn’t prvide an ptin and require fur years f n-campus living fr full-time students. Living n campus has been shwn t increase retentin (保留) and attendance rates amng freshman and secnd-year students, accrding t a 2021 reprt. There are exceptins, hwever. At sme clleges, students may be freed frm the requirement if they are, fr instance, cmmuters (通勤生), fifth-year senirs, at least 23 years f age r legally married.
Residential husing at clleges is nt limited t shared rms and bathrms. Alternatives include flats, apartments, Greek huses r living-learning cmmunities fr students with shared interests. On-campus students als have access t services and resurces such as residence life staff wh can help if a husing issue arises. When students live in a cmmunity, they are frced t live with different peple, learn mre abut themselves and abut the thers, and tell each ther their stries.
On the ther hand, ff-campus living prvides students with mre independence, as they are nt cnstrained by schl husing plicies. Off-campus students gain mre real-wrld experience in areas like paying their wn bills, finding renter’s insurance, cking their wn meals and negtiating r reviewing cntracts. If students are chsing t live ff campus, they shuld really think it thrugh and talk t smene that lived ff campus. D their hmewrk and lk at all the csts befre they make that decisin. Make sure, t, that they are chsing peple that they can live with.
At first glance, ff-campus husing can appear less expensive. But the additinal expenses utside f rent — like utilities, grceries, Internet access, cable and furniture — are ften verlked. T reduce ff-campus csts, sme students chse t verpack huses r apartments, smetimes with fur r five peple in a tw-bedrm huse. Unlike ff-campus husing, the ttal cst f living n campus is typically all-inclusive, cveting rent, utilities, furniture, Wi-Fi and a meal plan.
12. Why d sme clleges require all the students t live n campus?
A. T keep them stay lnger n campus fr classes.
B. T make sure all students can live in shared rms.
C. T make as much prfit as pssible fr the clleges.
D. T mnitr all f their students as easily as pssible.
13. What shuld students d befre living ff campus?
A. They shuld find smene t take care f them.
B They shuld fully develp the ability t live alne.
C. They shuld learn all aspects f ff-campus living.
D. They shuld seek accmmdatin thrugh an agent.
14. What des the underlined wrd “verpack” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Overlk.B. Overcnsume.C. Overestimate.D. Overlad.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Residential Husing At Different Clleges
B. Chice Between Husing On r Off Campus
C. Accmmdatin Situatin Fr Cllege Students
D. Different Living Experience On r Off Campus
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If yu’re afraid t fly yu’re in gd cmpany. Abut 40% f Americans feel sme fear at the thught f flying. ____16____, these tips can help.
____17____
Expsure therapy is the idea that being expsed t smething yu’re afraid f ver and ver again calms dwn yur limbic system s it desn’t fire up as fast. That culd mean less anxiety in the lng run.
During the night, distract yurself
When we’re really anxius, we can’t think straight. The key is t try t cnnect t yur ratinal, thinking brain. When we really fcus n thinking, like ding a math prblem, ur emtinal brain calms dwn. Try a crsswrd puzzle r Sudku, read a really juicy rmance nvel r get thrugh a pile f paperwrk. ____18____.
If yu hit turbulence (气流), dn’t frce yurself t calm dwn
During a rugh flight, yu might be t take slw, deep breaths t calm dwn. ____19____ . It’s nearly impssible t stp yur fight-r-flight respnse, nce it’s been triggered. Remind yurself that yur bdy is having a nrmal respnse t a perceived threat.
Cnsult with a dctr abut medicatin (冥想), if yu feel yu might need it
There are medicatins pretty quickly taking dwn anxiety. ____20____, talk with yur primary care dctr r a psychiatrist. Try t think f a medicatin that’s nt just shrt-term, but smething that can help yu bring yur baseline anxiety dwn.
A. But dn’t try t stp the experience
B. Try t hld back yur feeling f fear
C. If yu d need medicatin t get n a plane
D. Bard yur flight with plenty f distractins
E. Face yur fear, repeatedly but in small dses
F. If yu did almst anything but can’t avid flights
G. That’s where I agree with because that experience is terrible
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I feared it was ging t be a terrible firewrk seasn this year. The bangs (巨响)____21____ befre the first f July and lasted three mre days. I have never been a big fan f firewrks since I was a by. It was then that a lcal fair ____22____ a huge firewrk shw near ur huse and I saw hw the huge ____23____ terrified ur dgs. I sat n the____24____ in the huse with them during the whle shw, hlding their____25____ bdies.
I knw a lt f peple enjy the____26____ light shws the firewrks can put n at times. They can be bright and beautiful. Still, I find that I____27____ the gentler lights f summers t these nisy nes. I lve seeing the mn rising ____28____ abve the hills in the evening. The shining stars always lk s wnderful when yu take the time t____29____ int the sky and watch them shine.
I als_____30_____ the beautiful, blinking lights f the fireflies (萤火虫) at this_____31_____ f year. Seeing their lvely, little lights as they_____32_____ arund always fills my heart with jy and light as well. It feeds my sul and reminds me f what a glrius_____33_____ we live in.
I think we all might d better t develp and grw the gentler_____34_____ within urselves. They are meant t be_____35_____ with thers. They are meant t be shined.
21.
A. buncedB. resundedC. ripenedD. resigned
22.
A. launchedB. assessedC. canceledD. assigned
23.
A. bnusB. niseC. sightD. feast
24.
A. carpetB. funtainC. grassD. rf
25.
A. frighteningB. excitingC. calmingD. trembling
26.
A. subsequentB. vividC. singleD. primitive
27.
A. preferB. applyC. cmpareD. devte
28.
A. initiallyB. substantiallyC. slwlyD. bviusly
29.
A. break dwnB. lk upC. rise upD. flw away
30.
A. seizeB. releaseC. raiseD. fancy
31.
A. timeB. ageC. edgeD. mercy
32.
A. lieB. fleeC. flyD. stick
33.
A. wrldB. cmmunityC. dreamD. flat
34.
A. sundsB. levelsC. lightsD. images
35.
A. helpedB. sharedC. cmparedD. cmmunicated
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 16-year-ld girl frm Changsha, Hunan Prvince, reached the tp f Qmlangma with success, ____36____(becme) the yungest Chinese female t cnquer (征服) the wrld’s highest muntain frm the suthern slpe.
Xu is a first-year high schl student. In April, she left Changsha fr Nepal, began her trek(涉) frm Lukla, arrived at the base camp____37____ started her altitude adjustment training. At 10 pm Beijing time n May 14, Xu started trekking frm Camp 4 at____38____ altitude f 7, 950 meters. After a hard 10-hur climb, she____39____(successful) reached the tp.
Xu’s father was the first persn frm Hunan Prvince____40____(reach) the tp f Qmlangma. Influenced by her father, Xu ____41____(explre)remte areas with him since she was very yung. Despite her yung age, Xu has already climbed five muntains ver 5, 000 meters in China. Althugh Xu has rich climbing experience, she gets high-intensity____42____(prfessin) training nn-stp t cnquer Qmlangma. Last year, she climbed Munt Muztagata, ____43____ stands 7, 546 meters.
”Human beings____44____(be)small in the face f nature. We shuld respect nature and get clser t Qmlangma,” said Xu. She hpes t cnquer the highest peak in each f the seven _____45_____(cntinent)and t be able t reach the Nrth Ple and Suth Ple ne day.
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校英语报正在进行题为“My Greatest Happiness”的英语征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.你最大的快乐;
2.你快乐的源泉。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Greatest Happiness
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Hi, Cnnie.”My sister-in-law’s familiar bright and clear vice greeted me frm the ther end f the phne line early ne Mnday afternn. “Mm and I just finished baking banana bread, and we’d lve t bring yu ut a warm laf. Can yu have the cffee n in half an hur?”
Since thughts f my mther-in-law’s freshly baked banana bread cluded my sensibilities and made me unable t think f an excuse, I replied in my cheeriest vice, “Of curse, cme n up. I’ll be here!”
What was I thinking? I can’t let my mther-in-law see the huse like this! She’s under the impressin that I’m perfect. I had t attempt t clean the huse within thirty minutes. The past week, hwever, had been even busier than usual with running my five very active kids back and frth fr extra-curricular activities. As a result, the huse was neglected.
T add t my awkward situatin, I had spent the mrning sitting in the garden drinking cffee in an effrt t recver frm the rushed weekend f activities. But I tld myself, “Where there’s a will, there’s a way. Then I put my wrds int actin!
I cleaned up the kitchen in ten minutes. Things were lking gd, and I still had twenty minutes remaining. I quickly swept the living rm, thrwing tys int the ty bx as I wrked my way acrss the flr. Glancing at the clck n my way upstairs t the kids’ bedrms, I was relieved t find I had five minutes t spare. That gave me just enugh time t tidy up the bathrm and run a brush thrugh my hair.
Whew! I did it! I put n a fresh pt f cffee, and since my guests hadn’t yet arrived, I decided t wipe ff the chicken eggs I had gathered after taking the kids t the bus stp. It wuld be a nice gesture t give them sme eggs in return fr the banana bread.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was finishing the last egg when I heard a knck at the dr behind me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
But that smile was shrt-lived when my ldest sn ran thrugh the frnt dr.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
深圳市宝安区高三期末考试英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3考试结束后将本试卷和答题卡一并交回
第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Biggest Natinal Park On Cntinents
America
Cvering nearly half f the wrld’s largest island, Nrtheast Greenland Natinal Park is currently the glbe’s single largest natinal park and biggest land-based prtected area. It cvers 972, 000 square kilmeters. The vast Greenland: Ice Sheet makes up mst f the park, but there’s als a lng castline that is hme t musk xen, plar bears and many ther Arctic creatures.
Oceania
Cvering 36, 000 square kilmeters, the Munga-Thirri-Simpsn Desert Natinal Park was set up in 2021 t prtect the beautiful desert landscapes f far nrthern Suth Australia. It includes ne f the wrld’s largest dune (沙丘) fields. As well as mre than 150 bird species, the park prvides hme fr many animals.
Asia
Funded in 2021, China’s Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park is nw the largest in Asia, cvering 190, 700 square kilmeters f the snw-cvered Qinghai-Tibet Plateau that prvides the headwaters f the Yangtze, Yellw and Lancang rivers. Rugh and remte, the highlands harbr a range f rare, endangered animal species. The park als includes cultural sites.
Africa
Sme f the wrld’s highest and biggest sand dunes are the centerpiece f western Namibia’s Namib-Naukluft Natinal Park, Africa’s largest at 49, 768 square kilmeters. Easy t explre with yur wn, vehicle, the main park rad leads t mst dunes and frest. Ht air balln flights ffer a bird’s eye view f the whle park. It is als knwn fr plants and animals that have adapted t ne f the Earth’s mst dry places.
1. Where is the wrld largest natinal park lcated?
A. In Asia.B. In Africa.C. In America.D. In Oceania.
2. What makes the Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park special?
A. Its large ice sheet.B. Cultural scenic spts.
C. Highest sand dunes.D. Rare Arctic creatures.
3. Hw can visitrs enjy the full view f the Namib-Naukluft Natinal Park?
A. By taking bats.B. By driving vehicles.
C. By riding bicycles.D. By riding ht air ballns.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了各大洲最大的国家公园以及它们的特点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由文章America部分中“Cvering nearly half f the wrld’s largest island, Nrtheast Greenland Natinal Park is currently the glbe’s single largest natinal park and biggest land-based prtected area. It cvers 972,000 square kilmeters. (东北格陵兰国家公园几乎覆盖了世界上最大岛屿的一半，是目前世界上最大的国家公园和最大的陆地保护区。它占地97.2万平方公里。)” 说明Nrtheast Greenland Natinal Park是目前全球最大的国家公园，并且它位于格陵兰，属于美洲大陆的一部分。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Asia部分中“Funded in 2021, China’s Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park is nw the largest in Asia, cvering 190,700 square kilmeters f the snw-cvered Qinghai-Tibet Plateau that prvides the headwaters f the Yangtze, Yellw and Lancang rivers, Rugh and remte, the highlands harbr a range f rare, endangered animal species. The park als includes cultural sites. (中国的三江源国家公园成立于2021年，是目前亚洲最大的国家公园，占地19.7万平方公里，位于冰雪覆盖的青藏高原上，是长江、黄河和澜沧江的源头。崎岖偏远的高地是许多珍稀濒危动物的栖息地。该公园还包括文化遗址。)”三江源国家公园不光拥有自然保护价值，其中提到的“cultural sites”表明它包括了文化风景名胜区。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Africa部分中“Sme f the wrld’s highest and biggest sand dunes are the centerpiece f western Namibia’s Namib-Naukluft Natinal Park, Africa’s largest at 49,768 square kilmeters. Easy t explre with yur wn vehicle, the main park rad leads t mst dunes and frest, Ht air balln flights ffer a bird’s eye view f the whle park. (一些世界上最高和最大的沙丘位于纳米比亚西部的纳米布-瑙克卢夫特国家公园的中心，这是非洲最大的公园，占地47968平方公里。主要的公园很容易用自己的交通工具探索，道路通往大多数沙丘和森林。乘坐热气球可以鸟瞰整个公园。)”这段文字讲述了，热气球飞行提供全公园的鸟瞰，意味着可以全面观赏公园。故选D。
B
On March 1, Dr. Jseph Dituri began a prject t stay fr 100 days at a special htel called Jules’s Undersea Ldge 30 feet under the cean surface in a cnservatin area in Key Larg.
The farther yu g belw the cean’s surface, the greater the pressure. Dr. Dituri wanted t learn hw this pressure wuld affect the human bdy ver time. He believes that high pressure culd help peple live lnger and stay healthier as they get lder. It culd als help dctrs treat different medical prblems, including brain injuries.
While he was living underwater, Dr. Dituri stayed busy. He ften exercised in the mrning. He kept teaching his cllege classes virtually and had nline chats with ver 5,500 students frm 15 different cuntries. He als wrked with cean experts t figure ut ways t preserve the cean. He even had a number f visitrs wh dve dwn t spend a little time with him.
On June 9, Dr. Dituri returned t the surface with a new wrld recrd, beating the ld recrd f 73 days. Many friends, family, and ther supprters were there t greet him and celebrate his success. Dctrs quickly checked him ut t make sure he was kay.
Actually, Dr. Dituri went thrugh several big changes. Fr ne thing, he became 1. 3 centimeters shrter during his time in the higher undersea pressure. Sleeping much better, his health greatly imprved in a cuple f ways. Dr. Dituri and his team plan t study the infrmatin they cllected during the prject. In Nvember, Dr. Dituri will speak at an imprtant medical meeting in Sctland abut the discveries the scientists made during the prject.
Dr. Dituri says his favrite part f the prject was talking with yung peple. “Wh knws?” he said. “Maybe ne day, ne f them will cme. back and break the recrd we just set. My greatest hpe is that I have inspired a new generatin f explrers and researchers t push past all bundaries.
4. What is Jules’s Undersea Ldge special fr?
A. Its cnvenience.B. Its reputatin.C. Its lcatin.D. Its luxuriusness.
5. Why did Dr. Dituri decide t stay lng in the htel?
A. T treat his brain injuries.B. T live lnger and healthier.
C. T deal with medical prblems.D. T test ne f his academic ideas.
6. Which statement best describes Dr. Dituri’s undersea life?
A He kept a daily rutine almst as usual.
B. He was busy with medical experiments.
C. He led a dull life separated frm the thers.
D. He set a wrld recrd f living 73 days underwater.
7. What des Dr. Dituri wish yung peple t d?
A. Cmmunicate mre with him.B. Explre the unknwn bravely.
C. Study the infrmatin f the prject.D. Meet at the cnference in Sctland.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了约瑟夫·迪图里博士在基拉戈水下酒店进行100天实验以研究深海压力对身体的影响，期间保持常规生活，打破世界记录，并激励年轻人勇探未知。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“On March 1, Dr. Jseph Dituri began a prject t stay fr 100 days at a special htel called Jules’s Undersea Ldge 30 feet under the cean surface in a cnservatin area in Key Larg.”（3月1日，约瑟夫·迪图里(Jseph Dituri)博士开始了一个项目，他将在基拉戈(Key Larg)一个保护区的海平面下30英尺处的一家名为“朱尔斯海底小屋”(Jules’s Undersea Ldge)的特殊酒店住上100天。）可知，朱尔斯的海底小屋的特别之处是它的位置位于海平面下30英尺处。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Dr. Dituri wanted t learn hw this pressure wuld affect the human bdy ver time. He believes that high pressure culd help peple live lnger and stay healthier as they get lder. It culd als help dctrs treat different medical prblems, including brain injuries.”（迪图里博士想了解这种压力随着时间的推移会如何影响人体。他认为，随着年龄的增长，高血压可以帮助人们活得更长，更健康。它还可以帮助医生治疗不同的医疗问题，包括脑损伤。）可知，迪图里医生决定在酒店里待很久是因为他想检验他的一个学术观点。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“While he was living underwater, Dr. Dituri stayed busy. He ften exercised in the mrning. He kept teaching his cllege classes virtually and had nline chats with ver 5, 500 students frm 15 different cuntries. He als wrked with cean experts t figure ut ways t preserve the cean. He even had a number f visitrs wh dve dwn t spend a little time with him.”（在水下生活期间，迪图里一直很忙。他经常在早上锻炼。他一直在网上教授他的大学课程，并与来自15个不同国家的5500多名学生在线聊天。他还与海洋专家一起研究保护海洋的方法。他甚至有一些游客潜入水中和他待一会儿。）可推知，迪图里博士在海底的生活和往常一样。故选A项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“My greatest hpe is that I have inspired a new generatin f explrers and researchers t push past all bundaries.”（我最大的希望是，我激励了新一代的探险家和研究人员去突破所有的界限。）可知，迪图里博士希望年轻人勇敢地探索未知。故选B项。
C
Each year, mre than 27 millin U.S. and Canadian kids get t schl by bus. Mst f thse buses run n diesel (柴油) fuel, which give ut pllutin that riders can take in. Pllutin levels can be several times higher inside a diesel schl bus than utside it. Why? Pllutin can leak in frm the flr r blw in thrugh windws.
A U. S. gvernment prgram started in 2012 ffered schls’ mney spent n cleaner schl buses but nt all schls culd get it. Five years later, emissins frm buses in the winning districts fell. And a year after getting new buses, student attendance had imprved in thse districts. Fr an average district f 10, 000 students, abut six mre students attended ‘schl each day’ in the winning districts, cmpared t the lsing districts. Winning schls with higher rates f bus-riding kids had an average f 14 mre students in class each day. And winning districts that replaced the ldest schl buses? They had an average f 45 mre students in schl each day.
Thse numbers may sund small, but they add up. And schl attendance matters fr student achievement. Almst 3 millin U. S. kids ride schl buses mre than 20 years ld. If U. S. schl districts had replaced all f thse lder buses, there wuld have been 1. 3 millin fewer student absences each year.
There might be ther reasns fr better attendance. Fr example, maybe kids preferred new buses. Hwever, the mst-likely reasn fr fewer student absences was better health. A study dne n adults shwed that a brief expsure t diesel emissins reduced “netwrk cnnectivity” in the brain. In ther studies, such netwrk-cnnectivity changes have been linked t wrsened memry and mental tasks. A Washingtn State prgram upgraded pllutin cntrls in ld diesel buses. Afterward, fewer kids were hspitalized in thse districts than in schls withut bus upgrades.
Almst all U. S. schl districts can apply fr the prgram. But schls in lw-incme areas, in tribal areas and, in rural areas will get pririty. Kids in these areas tend t face the mst health risks frm lder buses.
8. What can we infer abut diesel schl buses frm the first paragraph?
A. They have a shrt service life.
B. They perate cst-effectively.
C. They accmmdate few passengers.
D. They d much harm t schl children.
9. Why is the increase in schl attendance small but imprtant?
A. It is a lng accumulatin.B. It is a winning cnditin.
C. It is a measuring standard.D. It is a student achievement.
10. Hw des the bus replacement bring better student attendance?
A By reducing the netwrk cnnectivity.
B. By bettering the health state f students.
C. By imprving student satisfactin with schls.
D. By meeting students’ demand fr schl bus drivers.
11. What des the text mainly talk abut?
A. The “netwrk cnnectivity” in the brain.
B. The great wrk n cleaner schl buses.
C. A U. S. gvernment prgram fr educatin.
D. Better attendance due t new schl buses.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国校巴更新计划如何减少柴油污染，提高学生出勤率和健康水平。老旧巴士被指出对学生健康不利，新巴士实施后出勤有所改善。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“U. S. and Canadian kids get t schl by bus. Mst f thse buses run n diesel (柴油) fuel, which give ut pllutin that riders can take in. Pllutin levels can be several times higher inside a diesel schl bus than utside it. Why? Pllutin can leak in frm the flr r blw in thrugh windws.”（美国和加拿大的孩子坐公共汽车上学。这些公共汽车大多使用柴油燃料，而柴油所产生的污染会让乘客吸入。柴油校车内的污染水平可能比外面高几倍。为什么？污染可以从（校车）地板漏进来，或者从窗户吹进来。）可知，从第一段我们可以推断出柴油校车对学生有很大的危害。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Thse numbers may sund small, but they add up. And schl attendance matters fr student achievement. Almst 3 millin U. S. kids ride schl buses mre than 20 years ld. If U. S. schl districts had replaced all f thse lder buses, there wuld have been 1. 3 millin fewer student absences each year.”（这些数字听起来可能很小，但积少成多。出勤率对学生的成绩很重要。近300万美国儿童乘坐的校车年龄超过20岁。如果美国的学区更换了所有的旧巴士，那么就只有1辆了。每年减少300万学生缺勤。）可知，学校出勤率的增加很小却很重要是因为这是一个积累的过程。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“There might be ther reasns fr better attendance. Fr example, maybe kids preferred new buses. Hwever, the mst-likely reasn fr fewer student absences was better health.”（提高出勤率可能还有其他原因。例如，也许孩子们更喜欢新公交车。然而，学生缺勤减少最有可能的原因是健康状况好转。）可知，公交车更换通过改善学生的健康状况来提高学生出勤率。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。全文主要谈论的是更换新校巴带来的更好的学生出勤率。文中详细说明了美国某些学区采取行动换新巴士后，学生的出勤情况如何改善，以及这一改变如何积极影响到学生的健康和学习成绩。尽管文中也提到了美国政府的项目和对大脑网络连接性的研究，但这些都是为了支持主题。因此D选项“Better attendance due t new schl buses”（由于有了新的校车，出勤率提高了。）正确地反映了文本的主旨。故选D项。
D
First-year cllege students ften are expected r required t live in drmitries. In the rest years, it’s usually up t thse students t decide whether t live n r ff campus.
But sme schls dn’t prvide an ptin and require fur years f n-campus living fr full-time students. Living n campus has been shwn t increase retentin (保留) and attendance rates amng freshman and secnd-year students, accrding t a 2021 reprt. There are exceptins, hwever. At sme clleges, students may be freed frm the requirement if they are, fr instance, cmmuters (通勤生), fifth-year senirs, at least 23 years f age r legally married.
Residential husing at clleges is nt limited t shared rms and bathrms. Alternatives include flats, apartments, Greek huses r living-learning cmmunities fr students with shared interests. On-campus students als have access t services and resurces such as residence life staff wh can help if a husing issue arises. When students live in a cmmunity, they are frced t live with different peple, learn mre abut themselves and abut the thers, and tell each ther their stries.
On the ther hand, ff-campus living prvides students with mre independence, as they are nt cnstrained by schl husing plicies. Off-campus students gain mre real-wrld experience in areas like paying their wn bills, finding renter’s insurance, cking their wn meals and negtiating r reviewing cntracts. If students are chsing t live ff campus, they shuld really think it thrugh and talk t smene that lived ff campus. D their hmewrk and lk at all the csts befre they make that decisin. Make sure, t, that they are chsing peple that they can live with.
At first glance, ff-campus husing can appear less expensive. But the additinal expenses utside f rent — like utilities, grceries, Internet access, cable and furniture — are ften verlked. T reduce ff-campus csts, sme students chse t verpack huses r apartments, smetimes with fur r five peple in a tw-bedrm huse. Unlike ff-campus husing, the ttal cst f living n campus is typically all-inclusive, cveting rent, utilities, furniture, Wi-Fi and a meal plan.
12. Why d sme clleges require all the students t live n campus?
A. T keep them stay lnger n campus fr classes.
B. T make sure all students can live in shared rms.
C. T make as much prfit as pssible fr the clleges.
D. T mnitr all f their students as easily as pssible.
13. What shuld students d befre living ff campus?
A. They shuld find smene t take care f them.
B. They shuld fully develp the ability t live alne.
C. They shuld learn all aspects f ff-campus living.
D. They shuld seek accmmdatin thrugh an agent.
14. What des the underlined wrd “verpack” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Overlk.B. Overcnsume.C. Overestimate.D. Overlad.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Residential Husing At Different Clleges
B. Chice Between Husing On r Off Campus
C. Accmmdatin Situatin Fr Cllege Students
D. Different Living Experience On r Off Campus
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍的是大学生选择校内外住宿的优劣，并提供了选择建议，分析了校内住宿对学习的益处和校外住宿的独立生活技能需求。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But sme schls dn’t prvide an ptin and require fur years f n-campus living fr full-time students. Living n campus has been shwn t increase retentin (保留) and attendance rates amng freshman and secnd-year students, accrding t a 2021 reprt.(有些学校不提供这种选择，并要求全日制学生在校内生活四年。2021年的一份报告显示，住在校园里可以提高大一和二年级学生的留校率和出勤率。)”可知，一份报告显示，学校要求学生在校内生活能提高大一和大二学生的留效率和出勤率；由此可知，有些大学要求所有的学生都住在校园里为了让他们在上课在校园的时间更长。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Off-campus students gain mre real-wrld experience in areas like paying their wn bills, finding renter’s insurance, cking their wn meals and negtiating r reviewing cntracts. If students are chsing t live ff campus, they shuld really think it thrugh and talk t smene that lived ff campus.(校外学生在支付自己的账单、为租房者找保险、自己做饭、谈判或审查合同等方面获得了更多的实际经验。)”可知，住在校外，学生要考虑支付自己的账单，找保险、自己做饭、协商或者审查合同等方面，结合下文中的“D their hmewrk and lk at all the csts befre they make that decisin. Make sure, t, that they are chsing peple that they can live with.(在做决定之前，先做足功课，看看所有的成本。同时也要确保他们选择了可以一起生活的人。)”可知，作者建议选择校外居住前要做足功课，考虑所有的成本以及确保选择了可以一起生活的人；由此可知，选择校外居住前需要考虑到方方面面的问题。故选C项。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词前的“T reduce ff-campus csts(为了减少校外居住的成本)”以及划线单词后的“smetimes with fur r five peple in a tw-bedrm huse(有时四五个人住在一套两居室的房子里。)”可知，为了降低成本，有些学生选择在两室的卧房里住进四五个人，说明房子里住的人太多，由此可推断，划线单词verpack的意思应与“塞满或者挤满”意思相近。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段“First-year cllege students ften are expected r required t live in drmitries. In the rest years, it’s usually up t thse students t decide whether t live n r ff campus.(大学一年级的学生通常被期望或要求住在宿舍里。在剩下的几年里，通常由这些学生决定是住在校内还是校外。)”可知，大学一年级的学生要求住在宿舍，但在接下来的几年里有学生决定住在校内还是校外，结合下文介绍的校内居住和校外住宿的利和弊，并提供了相关的建议可知，本文主要介绍的是关于学生在校内和校外住房之间选择的讨论；由此可知，题目“校内居住还是校外居住的选择”与本文内容相符，且概括了本文的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If yu’re afraid t fly, yu’re in gd cmpany. Abut 40% f Americans feel sme fear at the thught f flying. ____16____, these tips can help.
____17____
Expsure therapy is the idea that being expsed t smething yu’re afraid f ver and ver again calms dwn yur limbic system s it desn’t fire up as fast. That culd mean less anxiety in the lng run.
During the night, distract yurself
When we’re really anxius, we can’t think straight. The key is t try t cnnect t yur ratinal, thinking brain. When we really fcus n thinking, like ding a math prblem, ur emtinal brain calms dwn. Try a crsswrd puzzle r Sudku, read a really juicy rmance nvel r get thrugh a pile f paperwrk. ____18____.
If yu hit turbulence (气流), dn’t frce yurself t calm dwn
During a rugh flight, yu might be t take slw, deep breaths t calm dwn. ____19____ . It’s nearly impssible t stp yur fight-r-flight respnse, nce it’s been triggered. Remind yurself that yur bdy is having a nrmal respnse t a perceived threat.
Cnsult with a dctr abut medicatin (冥想), if yu feel yu might need it
There are medicatins pretty quickly taking dwn anxiety. ____20____, talk with yur primary care dctr r a psychiatrist. Try t think f a medicatin that’s nt just shrt-term, but smething that can help yu bring yur baseline anxiety dwn.
A. But dn’t try t stp the experience
B. Try t hld back yur feeling f fear
C If yu d need medicatin t get n a plane
D. Bard yur flight with plenty f distractins
E. Face yur fear, repeatedly but in small dses
F. If yu did almst anything but can’t avid flights
G. That’s where I agree with because that experience is terrible
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何克服飞行恐惧，包括面对恐惧、分散注意力、接受恐惧和寻求医疗帮助等方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Abut 40% f Americans feel sme fear at the thught f flying.(大约40%的美国人一想到坐飞机就感到害怕)”引出话题，提到很多人坐飞机感到害怕。以及下文“these tips can help.(这些建议会有所帮助)”提到有帮助的建议。由此可知，F项If yu did almst anything but can’t avid flights(如果你做了几乎所有的事情，但无法避免航班)起到承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
【17题详解】
由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“Expsure therapy is the idea that being expsed t smething yu’re afraid f ver and ver again calms dwn yur limbic system s it desn’t fire up as fast. That culd mean less anxiety in the lng run.(暴露疗法是指，一次又一次地暴露在你害怕的事物中，会让你的大脑边缘系统平静下来，这样它就不会那么快地兴奋起来。从长远来看，这可能意味着更少的焦虑)”可知，本段讲的是一次又一次地暴露在你害怕的事物中。由此可知，E项Face yur fear, repeatedly but in small dses.(面对你的恐惧，反复但要从小做起)与本段主旨一致，能够总结该段内容。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Try a crsswrd puzzle r Sudku, read a really juicy rmance nvel r get thrugh a pile f paperwrk.(试试填字游戏或数独游戏，读一本有趣的浪漫小说，或者处理一堆文书工作)”可知，此处提到一些分散自己的注意力的方法。由此可知，D项Bard yur flight with plenty f distractins.(带着很多让你分心的东西登机)和上文意思一致，为对上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接。故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“During a rugh flight, yu might be t take slw, deep breaths t calm dwn. (在颠簸的飞行中，你可能需要缓慢地深呼吸来平静下来)”可知，此处提到遇到气流时的颠簸飞行。以及下文“It’s nearly impssible t stp yur fight-r-flight respnse, nce it’s been triggered.(一旦你的“战或逃”反应被触发，你几乎不可能停止这种反应)”说明你采取行为的结果。由此可知，A项But dn’t try t stp the experience(但不要试图阻止这种体验)起到承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选A项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“There are medicatins pretty quickly taking dwn anxiety.(有些药物能很快消除焦虑)”以及下文“talk with yur primary care dctr r a psychiatrist.(与你的初级保健医生或精神科医生谈谈)”可知，此处提到药物能很快消除焦虑。由此可知，C项If yu d need medicatin t get n a plane(如果你确实需要药物才能上飞机)承接上文内容，同时和下文形成一句完整的话，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选C项。
第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I feared it was ging t be a terrible firewrk seasn this year. The bangs (巨响)____21____ befre the first f July and lasted three mre days. I have never been a big fan f firewrks since I was a by. It was then that a lcal fair ____22____ a huge firewrk shw near ur huse and I saw hw the huge ____23____ terrified ur dgs. I sat n the____24____ in the huse with them during the whle shw, hlding their____25____ bdies.
I knw a lt f peple enjy the____26____ light shws the firewrks can put n at times. They can be bright and beautiful. Still, I find that I____27____ the gentler lights f summers t these nisy nes. I lve seeing the mn rising ____28____ abve the hills in the evening. The shining stars always lk s wnderful when yu take the time t____29____ int the sky and watch them shine.
I als_____30_____ the beautiful, blinking lights f the fireflies (萤火虫) at this_____31_____ f year. Seeing their lvely, little lights as they_____32_____ arund always fills my heart with jy and light as well. It feeds my sul and reminds me f what a glrius_____33_____ we live in.
I think we all might d better t develp and grw the gentler_____34_____ within urselves. They are meant t be_____35_____ with thers. They are meant t be shined.
21.
A buncedB. resundedC. ripenedD. resigned
22.
A. launchedB. assessedC. canceledD. assigned
23.
A. bnusB. niseC. sightD. feast
24.
A. carpetB. funtainC. grassD. rf
25.
A. frighteningB. excitingC. calmingD. trembling
26.
A. subsequentB. vividC. singleD. primitive
27.
A. preferB. applyC. cmpareD. devte
28.
A. initiallyB. substantiallyC. slwlyD. bviusly
29.
A. break dwnB. lk upC. rise upD. flw away
30.
A. seizeB. releaseC. raiseD. fancy
31.
A. timeB. ageC. edgeD. mercy
32.
A. lieB. fleeC. flyD. stick
33.
A. wrldB. cmmunityC. dreamD. flat
34.
A. sundsB. levelsC. lightsD. images
35.
A. helpedB. sharedC. cmparedD. cmmunicated
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者对烟花的看法，他认为烟花太吵了，他更喜欢看月亮，星星和萤火虫的光芒，他认为这些光芒能够让人感到温暖，让人们的心里充满喜悦。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在7月1日之前，砰砰声响彻大地，又持续了三天。A. bunced反弹；B. resunded回响；C. ripened成熟；D. resigned辞职。根据上文“I feared it was ging t be a terrible firewrk seasn this year.”提到作者害怕烟花的季节。以及下文“and lasted three mre days.”由此可知，此处应表示爆炸声响彻大地，并持续了三天多。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，一个当地的集市在我们家附近举行了一场盛大的烟花表演，我看到了巨大的噪音是如何把我们的狗吓坏的。A. launched举办；B. assessed评价；C. canceled取消；D. assigned分配。根据下文“a huge firewrk shw”由此可知，此处应表示一个当地的集市在我们家附近举行了一场盛大的烟花表演。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，一个当地的集市在我们家附近举行了一场盛大的烟花表演，我看到了巨大的噪音是如何把我们的狗吓坏的。A. bnus奖金；B. nise噪音；C. sight视野；D. feast盛宴。根据上文提到的举行了一场盛大的烟花表演，以及下文“terrified ur dgs.”由此可知，此处应表示作者看到了巨大的噪音是如何把狗吓坏的。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个演出期间，我和它们一起坐在屋子的地毯上，抱着它们颤抖的身体。A. carpet地毯；B. funtain喷泉；C. grass草地上；D. rf屋顶。根据常识以及上文“I sat n”和下文“in the huse”由此可知，此处应表示作者和他的狗狗们一起坐在屋子的地毯上。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整个演出期间，我和它们一起坐在屋子的地毯上，抱着它们颤抖的身体。A. frightening害怕的；B. exciting激动的；C. calming镇静的；D. trembling颤抖的。根据上文“I saw hw the huge nise terrified ur dgs.”提到作者看到了巨大的噪音是如何把狗吓坏的，由此可知，此处应表示作者抱着狗狗们颤抖的身体。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道很多人喜欢生动的灯光表演，有时可以放烟花。A. subsequent随后的；B. vivid生动的；C. single单一的；D. primitive原始的。根据下文“light shws the firewrks can put n at times.”由此可知，此处应表示作者知道很多人喜欢生动的灯光表演，有时可以放烟花。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不过，我发现我更喜欢夏天柔和的光，而不是这些嘈杂的光。A. prefer更喜欢；B. apply运用，申请；C. cmpare比较；D. devte贡献。根据下文“the gentler lights f summers t these nisy nes.”提到夏天柔和的光以及嘈杂的光，由此可知，此处应表示作者更喜欢夏天柔和的光，而不是这些嘈杂的光。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢看月亮在晚上慢慢地从山上升起。A. initially最初；B. substantially大量地；C. slwly缓慢地；D. bviusly明显地。根据上文“I lve seeing the mn rising”以及下文“abve the hills in the evening.”由此可知，此处应表示作者喜欢看月亮在晚上慢慢地从山上升起。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当你花时间仰望天空，看着它们闪耀的时候，闪烁的星星总是那么美妙。A. break dwn分解，坏掉；B. lk up仰望；C. rise up起来；D. flw away流走。根据上文“The shining stars always lk s wnderful”提到闪烁的星星总是那么美妙，由此可知，此处应表示作者仰望天空，看着闪烁的星星。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还幻想着每年这个时候萤火虫闪烁的美丽光芒。A. seize抓住；B. release释放；C. raise提高；D. fancy幻想。根据句意以及下文“the beautiful, blinking lights f the fireflies (萤火虫) at this____11____ f year.”由此可知，此处应表示作者幻想着每年这个时候萤火虫闪烁的美丽光芒。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还幻想着每年这个时候萤火虫闪烁的美丽光芒。A. time时间；B. age年龄；C. edge边缘；D. mercy怜悯。根据上文提到的作者更喜欢夏天柔和的光，而不是这些嘈杂的光。以及该句中的“blinking lights f the fireflies”由此可知，此处应表示作者幻想着每年这个时候萤火虫闪烁的美丽光芒。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到他们可爱的小灯，当他们飞来飞去时，我的心也充满了快乐和光明。A. lie躺；B. flee逃跑；C. fly飞；D. stick坚持。根据常识以及下文“fills my heart with jy and light as well.”由此可知，此处应表示当萤火虫飞来飞去时，作者内心充满了快乐和光明。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它滋养了我的灵魂，提醒我我们生活在一个多么美好的世界。A. wrld世界；B. cmmunity社区；C. dream梦想；D. flat公寓。根据句意以及下文“we live in”由此可知，此处应表示萤火虫发出的亮光，滋养了作者的灵魂，提醒我作者生活在一个多么美好的世界。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为我们都可以更好地发展和培养自己内心的温和之光。A. sunds声音；B. levels水平；C. lights光；D. images形象。根据上文内容可知，文章一直围绕“lights”光而展开的，由此可知，此处应表示作者认为我们都可以更好地发展和培养自己内心的温和之光。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们是用来与他人分享的。A. helped帮助；B. shared分享；C. cmpared比较；D. cmmunicated交流。根据句意以及下文“They are meant t be shined.”由此可知，此处应表示这些温和之光是用来与他人分享的。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 16-year-ld girl frm Changsha, Hunan Prvince, reached the tp f Qmlangma with success, ____36____(becme) the yungest Chinese female t cnquer (征服) the wrld’s highest muntain frm the suthern slpe.
Xu is a first-year high schl student. In April, she left Changsha fr Nepal, began her trek(涉) frm Lukla, arrived at the base camp____37____ started her altitude adjustment training. At 10 pm Beijing time n May 14, Xu started trekking frm Camp 4 at____38____ altitude f 7, 950 meters. After a hard 10-hur climb, she____39____(successful) reached the tp.
Xu’s father was the first persn frm Hunan Prvince____40____(reach) the tp f Qmlangma. Influenced by her father, Xu ____41____(explre)remte areas with him since she was very yung. Despite her yung age, Xu has already climbed five muntains ver 5, 000 meters in China. Althugh Xu has rich climbing experience, she gets high-intensity____42____(prfessin) training nn-stp t cnquer Qmlangma. Last year, she climbed Munt Muztagata, ____43____ stands 7, 546 meters.
”Human beings____44____(be)small in the face f nature. We shuld respect nature and get clser t Qmlangma,” said Xu. She hpes t cnquer the highest peak in each f the seven _____45_____(cntinent)and t be able t reach the Nrth Ple and Suth Ple ne day.
【答案】36. becming
37. and 38. an
39. successfully
40. t reach
41. has been explring##has explred
42. prfessinal
43. which 44. are
45. cntinents
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了长沙16岁的女孩徐卓媛成功登顶珠峰的故事。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：来自湖南省长沙市的一名16岁女孩成功登顶珠峰，成为从南坡登顶世界最高峰的最年轻的中国女性。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，becme和逻辑主语A 16-year-ld girl为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填becming。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意：今年4月，她离开长沙前往尼泊尔，从卢卡开始了长途跋涉，到达大本营，开始了她的海拔调整训练。根据句意可知，此处为连词and连接前后两个谓语动词，保持并列关系。故填and。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：北京时间5月14日晚上10点，徐从海拔7950米的4号营地开始徒步旅行。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语at an altitude f…“在……高度”，满足句意要求，所以此处为冠词an的填入。故填an。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：经过10个小时的艰苦攀登，她成功地到达了山顶。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词successfully作状语修饰动词reached。故填successfully。
【40题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：徐的父亲是湖南第一个登上珠穆朗玛峰的人。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式t d作后置定语修饰persn，the first persn…t d“第一个做……的人”为惯用表达。故填t reach。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：受父亲的影响，徐从小就跟随父亲到偏远地区探险。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据句意以及该句since可知，此处为现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，主语Xu为第三人称单数，所以为动词三单形式。故填has been explring/has explred。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然有丰富的登山经验，但为了征服珠穆朗玛峰，她一直在接受高强度的专业训练。由空后training为名词可知，此处为形容词prfessinal“专业的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填prfessinal。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：去年，她登上了海拔7546米的穆兹塔加塔山。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词Munt Muztagata在从句中作主语成分。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在大自然面前，人类是渺小的。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由该句为引语可知，此处应为一般现在时，主语Human beings为复数意义名词，所以为动词复数形式。故填are。
【45题详解】
考查名词复数形式。句意：她希望能够征服七大洲的最高峰，并有一天能够到达北极和南极。由空前seven可知，此处为名词复数形式。故填cntinents。
第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校英语报正在进行题为“My Greatest Happiness”的英语征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.你最大的快乐;
2.你快乐的源泉。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Greatest Happiness
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
My Greatest Happiness
I lve spending time with my family because it brings us clser tgether. I find I develp greater lve fr them as the years pass, despite ur differences r disagreements. I can always depend upn them in times f difficulty. I lve family dinners, which have always been the greatest happiness in my life. I lve hw everyne gets tgether and we talk ver the meal. The cnversatin desn’t have t be relevantly imprtant; mstly we talk abut ur day and each ther. Lts f laughter is invlved and everyne feels lved and included. That’s what makes us s happy. Family is cnstant, and s is my happiness.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校英语报正在进行题为“My Greatest Happiness”的英语征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
依赖：depend upn→rely n
尽管：despite→in spite f
重要的：imprtant→vital
快乐：happy→pleased
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I find I develp greater lve fr them as the years pass, despite ur differences r disagreements.
拓展句：Althugh we smetimes disagree with each ther, I find I develp greater lve fr them as the years pass.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I lve spending time with my family because it brings us clser tgether. (运用了because引导原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] That’s what makes us s happy. (运用了what引导表语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Hi, Cnnie.”My sister-in-law’s familiar bright and clear vice greeted me frm the ther end f the phne line early ne Mnday afternn. “Mm and I just finished baking banana bread, and we’d lve t bring yu ut a warm laf. Can yu have the cffee n in half an hur?”
Since thughts f my mther-in-law’s freshly baked banana bread cluded my sensibilities and made me unable t think f an excuse, I replied in my cheeriest vice, “Of curse, cme n up. I’ll be here!”
What was I thinking? I can’t let my mther-in-law see the huse like this! She’s under the impressin that I’m perfect. I had t attempt t clean the huse within thirty minutes. The past week, hwever, had been even busier than usual with running my five very active kids back and frth fr extra-curricular activities. As a result, the huse was neglected.
T add t my awkward situatin, I had spent the mrning sitting in the garden drinking cffee in an effrt t recver frm the rushed weekend f activities. But I tld myself, “Where there’s a will, there’s a way. Then I put my wrds int actin!
I cleaned up the kitchen in ten minutes. Things were lking gd, and I still had twenty minutes remaining. I quickly swept the living rm, thrwing tys int the ty bx as I wrked my way acrss the flr. Glancing at the clck n my way upstairs t the kids’ bedrms, I was relieved t find I had five minutes t spare. That gave me just enugh time t tidy up the bathrm and run a brush thrugh my hair.
Whew! I did it! I put n a fresh pt f cffee, and since my guests hadn’t yet arrived, I decided t wipe ff the chicken eggs I had gathered after taking the kids t the bus stp. It wuld be a nice gesture t give them sme eggs in return fr the banana bread.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was finishing the last egg when I heard a knck at the dr behind me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
But that smile was shrt-lived when my ldest sn ran thrugh the frnt dr.
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【答案】I was finishing the last egg when I heard a knck at the dr behind me. I led them in and culdn’t help smiling when the first wrds ut f my sister-in-law’s muth were, “Ww, yur huse is s tidy, and yu even have time t wash eggs!” We entered the dining rm and sat dwn at the table. As I excused myself t g back int the kitchen t get the cffee and put the delicius bread n a platter, I heard them whispering that they didn’t understand hw I did it with five kids. I felt such a wnderful sense f satisfactin and a big smile spread acrss my face.
But that smile was shrt-lived when my ldest sn ran thrugh the frnt dr. With a lk f shck n his face, he ludly asked, “Mm, wh cleaned the huse?” My muth fell pen, and I did what any mther f a smart-muthed teenager wuld d. I cleverly suggested, “Sit dwn and have sme f Grandma’s delicius banana bread, sn!” Then I quickly changed the subject and gave my sn a warning lk. He received my signal and went t greet his grandma and aunt with a big smile.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者丈夫的姐姐和作者的婆婆要给作者送一些香蕉面包，作者内心是不愿意让她们来的，因为过去的一周很​​忙碌，没有时间收拾家里，以至于家里很乱，而一直以来作者给婆婆的印象都是完美的。在作者不得已答应让她们来后，作者在三十分钟内把房子打扫赶紧以欢迎她们的到来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我完成最后一个鸡蛋时，我听到身后有人敲门。”可知，第一段可描写婆婆和姐姐到来后看到屋子很干净，夸赞作者，作者感到很高兴且很满足。
②由第二段首句内容“但当我的大儿子跑进前门时，这种微笑很快就消失了。”可知，第二段可描写作者的大儿子回来看到屋子很干净，不禁惊叹，问是谁打扫的屋子，作者赶紧转移话题，避免了尴尬。
2.续写线索：她们到来——看到屋子很干净夸赞作者——作者感到高兴且满足——大儿子回来，问谁打扫的屋子——作者转移话题——儿子领会到作者的意思，于是自己的奶奶和姑姑打招呼
3.词汇激活行为类
①进入：enter/g int
②返回：g back int/return
③建议：suggest/advise
情绪类
①满足：satisfactin/cntent
②震惊：shck/astnishment
【点睛】[高分句型1] I led them in and culdn’t help smiling when the first wrds ut f my sister-in-law’s muth were, “Ww, yur huse is s tidy, and yu even have time t wash eggs!” （由when引导的状语从句）
[高分句型2]As I excused myself t g back int the kitchen t get the cffee and put the delicius bread n a platter, I heard them whispering that they didn’t understand hw I did it with five kids. （由as引导的状语从句和that引导的宾语从句以及hw引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型3]With a lk f shck n his face, he ludly asked, “Mm, wh cleaned the huse?”（运用了with复合结构）