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【热点题型归纳+演变】2024年高考英语专题训练 专题18 完形填空之夹叙夹议文-2024届高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考通用）
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这是一份【热点题型归纳+演变】2024年高考英语专题训练 专题18 完形填空之夹叙夹议文-2024届高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（新高考通用），文件包含专题18完形填空之夹叙夹议文-2024年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练新高考通用原卷版docx、专题18完形填空之夹叙夹议文-2024年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练新高考通用解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共49页， 欢迎下载使用。
从上述统计表看，近几年新高考话题都为中学生所熟悉的话题，体裁都是记叙文(记叙文是最为高考命题人青睐的高考完形填空的体裁)。备选项所涉及词类的特点是：动词(短语)和名词为主，形容词为辅，偶尔考查副词和介词(短语)。着重考查考生对文章语境的理解、词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化的交际能力。所设置的空格特点是：句内层次设空题和句组层次设空题为主，语篇层次设空为辅。还有一个特点是：I卷的难度明显大于II卷。展望2024年高考，完形填空的命题不会有太大的变化，难度应该维持在2023年的水平，但选裁上可能有所变化：也许不会再考记叙文体裁，而换成其他体裁，比如说：夹叙夹议文体裁或议论文体裁。
【题型概述】夹叙夹议类完形填空的特点：
夹叙夹议类的文章通常采用叙议结合的写作方法，文章先进行叙述，然后再在段落的结尾或文章的末尾展开议论，说明故事所包含的哲理或总结出作者的观点。记叙和议论在文中交错运用，有的是以议论引出记叙，有的是在记叙的基础上发表议论。阅读此类文章时，考生要重点关注议论的部分，从而总结出文章的主旨。
1.事例→观点：文章首先叙述主人公经历的一件事情或所见所闻，然后针对这一事件发表自己的观点和看法，从而最终揭示一定的生活哲理。
2.观点→事例：先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来进行说明，一般是一个事例，也可能是几个事例从不同角度和侧面进行说明。
3.观点→事例→观点：首先提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例进行说明，最后再进一步阐释或者总结归纳自己的观点态度或看法。
夹叙夹议文既有记叙文的特点又有议论文的某些特征：记叙和议论在文中交错运用，其写作结构一般有下列几种：“先叙后议”“先议后叙”或“叙议交替”。较之记叙文类完形填空，夹叙夹议文类完形填空的解题难度要大得多。因而，夹叙夹议文往往是最容易造成考生失分的一种文体。
夹叙夹议类完形填空题除了具有记叙文类完形填空题的特点外，还有需要特别注意的是：解题时读懂全文的清晰思路，抓文意——理文脉——析文法，沿着“三文”的阅读思路，就能够有效提高完形填空解题的准确率。
“文意”是短文所要表达的主题意义，是作者情感态度的流露，是对具体事件的意义的升华；“文脉”即短文内容发展的线索脉络，是连接短文各个部分的主要线索；“文法”是短文的写作结构和表达手法。总之，结合首句能比较快速而有效地抓住主题，从而理解大体的“文意”；通过串联各段中的小语境梳理短文的“文脉”，结合作者的“文法”，把握故事发展的情节，感受作者的情感态度，领会作者要表达的真实意图。
技巧归纳
技巧一：利用习惯搭配和固定结构解题
【题型诠释】
完形对语法知识的测试重点在名词、代词的数和格、动词的非谓语形式、各种从句、主谓一致关系、并列结构、倒装结构、动词的时态和语态、虚拟语气等方面，并要注意结合词汇的用法、习惯用语的搭配关系和固定结构，这时考生就需要运用习惯搭配和固定结构来解题。
对于这类题型，学生在平时的学习中，要多掌握一些语法现象、多记多背一些固定结构和习惯搭配，并掌握它们的基本用法，这样就能够轻松解题了。
【典例1】(2022上·浙江宁波·高三镇海中学校考阶段练习)
During the winter f 1986 I was wrking at a cnstructin site near Oakland, Califrnia. It is nt 1 fr cnstructin wrkers’ hands t becme very painful. My hands were n 2 that year. They were bleeding at the jints f the fingers and thumbs.
3 wrk because f hurting hands is simply nt a gd chice in the cnstructin industry. Yu grit yur teeth(咬紧牙关), keep wrking, and finish the jb. One mrning I left fr wrk at 5 a.m. and arrived at a 4 . As I gt ut f my truck, I saw a newspaper delivery car and the driver struggling with newspapers. I tk a secnd lk, 5 that the man had n frearms. I was 6 t see him ding a jb that wuld require a(n) physically gifted persn. Still, he was smewhat having 7 with the larger bundles (捆) because his arms weren’t lng enugh.
On my way t pay fr the gas, I stpped and asked him if I culd 8 him. He plitely 9 my ffer. A few minutes later while I was refueling, he said, “Hey buddy, wuld yu mind tying (系) my 10 fr me?” As I was tying his shes, he went n t explain that tying his shes was the nly thing he culdn’t d fr 11 .
I stpped and lked back at him as he was getting int his car. I lked dwn at my 12 . Suddenly it hit me: I had been cmplaining abut my hurting hands fr weeks. That experience made a difference t my hurting hands. Every 13 when my hands start cracking and bleeding, I think back t that 14 in 1986. And just like magic, my hands dn’t 15 .
1. A. easyB. fairC. unusualD. certain
2. A. exceptinB. prblemC. wnderD. sense
3. A. BeginningB. StppingC. GettingD. Finishing
4. A. factryB. cmpanyC. gas statinD. plice statin
5. A. suggestingB. ignringC. thinkingD. nticing
6. A. nervusB. afraidC. happyD. amazed
7. A. difficultyB. funC. wrdsD. relatins
8. A. disturbB. apprachC. helpD. teach
9. A. examinedB. acceptedC. cnsideredD. declined
10. A. shesB. scarfC. feetD. tie
11. A. thersB. himselfC. wrkD. me
12. A. legsB. armsC. shesD. hands
13. A. weekB. nightC. mnthD. winter
14. A. encunterB. incidentC. tripD. party
15. A. bleedB. changeC. hurtD. talk
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B 12. D 13. D 14. A 15. C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在一个建筑工地干活，到了冬天，手经常被冻得裂口子流血。对此他常常抱怨，而在他看到没有小臂的送报工人后，他再也没有抱怨过。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他还是拿不动那些较大的包裹，因为他的手臂不够长。A. difficulty困难；B. fun乐趣；C. wrds话语；D. relatins关系。根据后文“with the larger bundles because his arms weren’t lng enugh.”可知，have difficulty with是一个固定搭配，意为“在很困难”，此处指他还是拿不动那些较大的包裹，因为他的手臂不够长。故选A。
技巧二：利用生活常识和文化背景解题
【题型诠释】
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确判断。
解决此类题型时，应该把自己学到的有关文化背景知识和生活常识灵活运用，注意中西文化的一些差别。但有些没有定论的、或自己没有把握的知识，不能作为判断的依据，这时就要尊重原文的描述。
【典例2】(2022上·浙江杭州·高三学军中学校考阶段练习)
I am a guide at the Califrnia Academy f Sciences. Weeks ag I was 1 with a lvely family at the Academy’s Swamp exhibit. Their yung sn was 2 by the swallw and asked many questins abut it. As the family was leaving, I asked the by if he wuld like a sticker t put n his shirt. He 3 chse a swallw sticker. The by’s yunger brther spent time 4 all the sticker chices befre chsing a butterfly. The by wh had chsen first said sftly t his father, “I didn’t see the frg sticker.” His father immediately 5 the by t ask me fr a secnd sticker. The by said, “N, I’m happy with what I have.”
I was 6 . Such wisdm, grace, and 7 , all frm an eight-year-ld by. T ften, we 8 t be happy with what we have and in ur frgetfulness we spread the 9 f discntent.
I recently purchased my first laptp cmputer. In discussins with the 10 , he said, “Within tw years, yu’ll prbably want a new ne anyway.” Why wuld I want a new ne, 11 my ld ne was wrking? Perhaps, “ 12 ” is the key wrd. I wn’t 13 need a new laptp in tw years but I “will prbably want ne”. I may want 14 things, but I dn’t need them. What I d desperately need is the peace f mind. I need t 15 each f my sudden urges t purchase r pssess as either “want” r “need”.
1. A. seeingB. visitingC. leavingD. staying
2. A. trappedB. calledC. stuckD. fascinated
3. A. quicklyB. slwlyC. deliberatelyD. casually
4. A. ging abutB. ging byC. ging frD. ging thrugh
5. A. demandedB. suggestedC. urgedD. persuaded
6. A. satisfiedB. astnishedC. pleasedD. thrilled
7. A. gratitudeB. patienceC. cncentratinD. respect
8. A. usedB. triedC. pretendedD. frgt
9. A. cnceptB. assumptinC. infectinD. lie
10. A. cashierB. hstC. salesmanD. waiter
11. A. ifB. frC. butD. besides
12. A. needB. wantC. hpeD. mind
13. A. bviuslyB. speciallyC. simplyD. necessarily
14. A. spareB. suitableC. shinyD. similar
15. A. recgnizeB. identifyC. prveD. access
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者通过小男孩买贴纸一事，懂得了知足并且能为所拥有的东西感到高兴的故事，最后论述了想要和需要的区别。
11. 考查连词和介词词义辨析。句意：如果我的旧设备正常工作，我为什么要一个新的？A. if如果；B. fr为了；C. but但是；D. besides除此以外。根据本句前半句“Why wuld I want a new ne(为什么我要一个新的)”以及下文“I wn’t 13 need a new laptp in tw years(两年内不需要新电脑)”可知，此处作者想表达的是如果自己的设备正常工作就不需要新的，这一点属于生活常识。故选A。
技巧三：利用对应成分分析法解题
【题型诠释】
完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。这属于句内层次题。
文章中的意群总是通过一定的逻辑关系连在一起，特别是并列平行的结构。这些结构要么通过标点符号体现，要么通过并列连词连接。一般来说，这些平行结构所表达的语境是一致的，学生解题时要特别注意这一点。
【典例3】(2023上·山东泰安·高三新泰市第一中学校考阶段练习)
At the age f 12, I withdrew int my bedrm with my guitar. I had neither musical talent — many 1 music lessns had prved that — nr musical training. My fingers ached as I tried t press dwn n the strings withut making them buzz (发出嗡嗡声). 2 , I wrked my way thrugh 2-, 3- and even 5-chrd (和弦) sngs and discvered the 3 thrills f these musical ntes. N ne 4 me t d this. I did this myself and f my wn free will fr a week, and the sense f happiness－ true happiness 5 in absrptin in smething－has 6 me. Fifty years later, that week’s self-directed practice became a mdel and 7 fr almst every meaningful thing I have dne since. It makes me understand the 8 between achievement and accmplishment.
The wrld favrs achievement while 9 accmplishment. The frmer is the cmpletin f the task impsed (强加) frm the utside — the 10 being a path t the next task. The latter is the end pint f an activity we have chsen, whse bnus is the sudden 11 f happiness.
The seeking f accmplishment always 12 peple. I learned s lng ag in that 13 week that simply lifting ne finger frm the guitar’s C chrd, yu shuld get the mst mving 14 in tune. I didn’t knw then it was a majr 7th chrd, a favrite f sme masters’. I just 15 accmplishment. That’s real human “achievement”.
1. A. addedB. tailredC. expectedD. failed
2. A. BesidesB. InsteadC. TherefreD. Hwever
3. A. fruitlessB. matchlessC. effrtlessD. senseless
4. A. wishedB. allwedC. requiredD. invited
5. A. maskedB. rtedC. setD. stuck
6. A. waited frB. passed byC. departed frmD. stayed with
7. A. exchangeB. reasnC. fundatinD. pririty
8. A. relatinshipB. differenceC. balanceD. similarity
9. A. ignringB. avidingC. assessingD. defending
10. A. riginB. prcessC. decisinD. reward
11. A. lackB. needC. rushD. dream
12. A. amazesB. cncernsC. frightensD. discurages
13. A. adventurusB. dangerusC. memrableD. hrrible
14. A. impressinB. perfrmanceC. sceneD. harmny
15. A. pursuedB. acceptedC. interpretedD. analysed
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. A
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者通过坚持自学一周吉他，获得了扎根于对某事的专注的真正的幸福感，这种幸福感伴随着作者并成为他此后所做的几乎每一件有意义的事情的典范和基础。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：前者是完成任务后从外界加强的奖励，使通往下一个任务的途径。A. rigin起源；B. prcess过程；C. decisin决定；D. reward奖励。根据下文“The latter is the end pint f an activity we have chsen, whse bnus”可知，空处和bnus意思接近，reward（奖励）符合语境。故选D。
技巧四：利用语境暗示分析法解题
【题型诠释】
上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次题中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。在句组层次题中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推断出正确答案。
夹叙夹议文以叙述为主，大部分篇幅在描述人物、事件，作者的观点及态度有时就隐含在其中；少部分篇幅发表议论，议论部分与叙述部分衔接紧密、逻辑严谨(通过“文法”来体现)。
解决此类题型时，要求学生增强语篇逻辑意识，弄清文章内在逻辑关系，根据上下文内容，并适当进行逻辑推理来做出选择。先易后难，循序渐进和带入答案，查读验证仍然适用于夹叙夹议文类完形填空的解题。
【典例4】(2022上·山东烟台·高三莱阳一中校考阶段练习)
Several years ag, a neighbr kid kicked a ftball and brke a basement windw f my huse. Due t financial prblems, I 1 it up, thinking I’d get t it smeday.
Over the years, I had planned t upgrade t energy-efficient windws. But with the frame (窗框) rusted (锈) and firmly 2 in the fundatin, whever did it wuld need t chisel (凿) it ut by hand. It wuld be a 3 prcess and there were six f thse windws in the huse. The cst was estimated at $15,000. It was simply 4 .
Hnestly, the thught f that windw 5 me fr years. I knew I needed t fix it, but I had built up the 6 s much in my mind that I put it ff again and again.
Then I had a jb change and needed t sell the huse befre mving away. But it was almst 7 t find a buyer if there was a brken windw. S I pulled ff the bards t face this thing head-n. I grabbed sme rust remver, 8 it arund the frame f the windw, and gave it a pull. T my astnishment, it easily 9 . I tk the windw dwntwn. It nly cst me $12. I culd have 10 the prblem fr nly $12 when it ccurred, but I let it bther me fr five years!
11 , this isn’t just abut my windw. Many f us live with brken windws f ne type r anther. They are things that seriusly affect ur 12 f life. If yu recgnize yur brken windw, dn’t 13 t mend it. It may turn ut t be 14 than expected. Usually we suffer mre in 15 than in reality.
1. A. treB. madeC. bardedD. packed
2. A. lstB. stuckC. buriedD. mixed
3. A. brain-burningB. labr-cnsumingC. energy-wastingD. risk-taking
4. A. in a messB. beynd cntrlC. at handD. ut f reach
5. A. went againstB. relied nC. ate atD. appealed t
6. A. difficultyB. cnfidenceC. cnfusinD. harm7
7. A. shamefulB. impssibleC. pintlessD. unfair
8. A. blewB. turnedC. passedD. spread
9. A. brkeB. fellC. mvedD. missed
10. A. addressedB. ignredC. delayedD. cnsidered
11. A. LuckilyB. CnsequentlyC. UnexpectedlyD. Actually
12. A. qualityB. paceC. wayD. meaning
13. A. attemptB. guaranteeC. hesitateD. pretend
14. A. easierB. tugherC. rarerD. wrse
15. A. practiceB. memryC. principleD. imaginatin
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者讲述了自己家的窗户被打破后，没有及时修理，但这个问题困扰他多年，最后发现只需要12美元就可以解决这个问题，因此告诫人们要及时修补生活中的漏洞，否则会干扰你的生活。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于经济原因，我用木板堵住被打破的窗户，打算以后再修。A. tre撕碎；B. made制作；C. barded用木板盖上；D. packed打包。根据上句“a neighbr kid kicked a ftball and brke a basement windw f my huse. Due t financial prblems(一个邻居孩子踢球，打破了我家地下室的窗户。由于经济原因)”和下文“S I pulled ff the bards(所以我拆下板子)”可知，窗户被打破了，由于经济原因，作者只好先用木板堵住。故选C。
高考练场
技巧一：利用习惯搭配和固定结构解题
(2020·全国·高考新课标II卷)
It was just after sunrise n a June mrning. “Nicl,” whse real name cannt be 41 t the public because f Italy’s privacy laws, 42 wrking the whle night at a factry in Turin. As he ften did, he stpped by the “after wrk auctin (拍卖)” 43 by the Italian plice where things 44 n the trains were sld t the highest bidder. There, amng many ther things, Nicl sptted tw paintings he thught wuld lk 45 abve his dining rm table. Nicl and anther bidder 46 until Nicl finally wn the paintings fr $32.
When Nicl retired and went t live in Sicily, he 47 the paintings with him. He hung them abve the same table he had 48 frm Turin. His sn, age 15, wh had 49 an art appreciatin class, thught that there was smething 50 abut the ne with a yung girl sitting n a garden chair. It was signed (签名) “Bnnat” r s he thught, but when he 51 it, he nly fund “Bnnard,” a French 52 he had never heard f. He bught a bk and was 53 t find a picture f the artist Pierre Bnnard sitting n the same chair in the same 54 as his father’s painting.
“That’s the garden in ur picture,” Nicl’s sn tld his father. They 55 learned that the painting they 56 was called “The Girl with Tw Chairs.” They 57 the ther painting and learned that it was 58 Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life f Fruit n a Table with a Small Dg.” The 59 called the Italian Culture Ministry; the fficial cnfirmed that the paintings were 60 and wrth as much as $50 millin.
41. A. attachedB. allcatedC. expsedD. submitted
42. A. finishedB. delayedC. cnsideredD. tried
43. A. attendedB. reservedC. cancelledD. run
44. A. shwnB. fundC. keptD. hidden
45. A. niceB. familiarC. usefulD. real
46. A. battledB. debatedC. discussedD. bargain
47. A. heldB. leftC. registeredD. brught
48. A. chsenB. receivedC. rderedD. mved
49. A. missedB. failedC. takenD. led
50. A. cncreteB. unusualC. unappealingD. natural
51. A. appreciatedB. tuchedC. researchedD. witnessed
52. A. painterB. designerC. authrD. actr
53. A. expectedB. surprisedC. anxiusD. ready
54. A. rmB. kitchenC. hallD. garden
55. A. apparentlyB. cnfidentlyC. eventuallyD. temprarily
56. A. wnedB. brrwedC. sldD. stle
57. A. cllectedB. cleanedC. framedD. studied
58. A. suitablyB. actuallyC. rightlyD. specifically
59. A. girlB. artistC. familyD. plice
60. A. cpiesB. riginalsC. mdelsD. Presents
【答案】41-45 CADBA 46-50 ADDCB 51-55 CABDC 56-60 ADBCB
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫Nicl的人在拍卖会上以低价购得两幅画。后来他的学艺术欣赏的儿子经过研究发现这两副画可能来自著名画家，他们打电话给意大利文化部，那儿的官员证实这两幅画都是画家的真迹，价值至少5000万美元。
41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicl完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因意大利的隐私法不能暴露给公众。A. attached附加，附属；B. allcated分配；C. expsed暴露；D. submitted上交。根据下文的“because f Italy’s privacy”可知，此处be expsed t“暴露”是一个固定搭配，符合语境，故选C项。
技巧二：利用生活常识和文化背景解题
(2021年新高考II卷)
Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended t be smene else many times, and has even learned t 41 different dialects (方言), leading t him being described as an “Oscar-winning actr”.
The 60-year-ld is nt an actr, but a 42 . Hwever, he is mre devted t his “ 43 ” than any real actr.
In the 1990s, a grup f thieves ften sld stlen gds with the help f sme beggars. T lk int the 44 , Wang disguised (伪装) himself and 45 the beggars. Dirty shrts and ld shes gave him the 46 f a real beggar and his cnvincing dialect sn wn him the 47 f the beggars.
“I ften 48 them t drink alchl. Once they were 49 , they began t talk a lt,” Wang said. “I’d then 50 myself t use the tilet, 51 what the beggars said, and send the 52 t my teammates.”
Wang, wh is ften in 53 situatins, is als a jud (柔道) master. “As lng as I get clse enugh, n criminal can 54 frm me,” he said.
Wang’s 55 wn him several hnrs, including a Natinal May Day Labr Medal and 11 Citatins f Merit.
41. A. teachB. cmpareC. assessD. speak
42. A. lawyerB. dctrC. plicemanD. businessman
43. A. rleB. studyC. familyD. audience
44. A. mirrrB. caseC. futureD. questin
45. A. interviewedB. jinedC. arrestedD. assisted
46. A. challengeB. experienceC. appearanceD. freedm
47. A. vteB. sympathyC. permissinD. trust
48. A. invitedB. frcedC. helpedD. expected
49. A. drunkB. desertedC. bredD. lst
50. A. guideB. persuadeC. excuseD. allw
51. A. refer tB. nte dwnC. ask abutD. miss ut
52. A. planB. agreementC. directinD. infrmatin
53. A. awkwardB. dangerusC. unfrtunateD. strange
54. A. separateB. recverC. escapeD. hear
55. A. curageB. hnestyC. kindnessD. ptimism
【答案】41-45 DCABB 46-50 CDAAC 51-55 BDBCA
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了警察王先生在过去的38年里，多次假扮别人，甚至学会了讲不同的方言，不顾危险混入犯罪团伙，成功破案的故事。
42. C 根据“a grup f thieves ften sld stlen gds”和“As lng as I get clse enugh, n criminal can...”可知，抓罪犯的应该是警察，所以这位60岁的老人不是演员，王先生是一名警察(pliceman)。
技巧三：利用对应成分分析法解题
(2021年1月高考浙江卷)
Last year I decided t d sme vlunteer wrk. I began t 36 n the Internet and discvered Vlunteer USA. Three mnths later I 37 myself n a plane t Phenix, Arizna. I was 38 at the thught f living with lads f new peple fr three mnths. Hwever, within fifteen minutes f 39 , my wrries had gne. Everyne was s 40 and like-minded that it was very 41 t feel at hme.
I was sent t the Crnad Natinal Frest fr my first 8-day 42 . We had t 43 everything we needed and walk three miles t where we wrked. It may nt seem like a 44 way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were n fire.
My jb was t 45 a stairway ut f rck. This 46 climbing up and dwn the side f a muntain inhabited (栖息) by muntain lins, althugh I shuld say they were nly heard, never 47 .
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came int being. The 48 f knwing that my 49 will be n that muntainside fr years t cme is massive.
But n the last night we were 50 in a thunderstrm. I wke up at midnight t find a swimming pl in my tent. The temperature was clse t 51 . I had t spend the rest f the night trembling in the nly 52 part f my tent.
53 , I suffered a lt. But I knw whatever I have t face in my life I was there and I 54 . I think I am much 55 fr having taken part in the prject.
36. A. calculateB. negtiateC. advertiseD. research
37. A. imaginedB. intrducedC. enjyedD. fund
38. A. annyedB. surprisedC. scaredD. excited
39. A. arrivingB. sleepingC. thinkingD. walking
40. A. cnfidentB. friendlyC. energeticD. curius
41. A. funnyB. gdC. luckyD. easy
42. A. turB. prjectC. campaignD. curse
43. A. drpB. makeC. carryD. buy
44. A. niceB. safeC. lngD. quick
45. A. buildB. testC. cleanD. guard
46. A. helpedB. endedC. allwedD. meant
47. A. huntedB. trainedC. seenD. fed
48. A. satisfactinB. ambitinC. expectatinD. intentin
49. A. wrkB. memryC. recrdD. stry
50. A. leftB. caughtC. attackedD. separated
51. A. bilingB. averageC. nrmalD. freezing
52. A. tidyB. dryC. newD. sft
53. A. By the wayB. Regardless f thatC. Needless t sayD. In either case
54. A. survivedB. resistedC. escapedD. recvered
55. A. smarterB. strngerC. happierD. busier
【答案】36-40 DDCAB 41-45 DBCCA 46-50 DCAAB 51-55 DBCAB
【导语】本文主要讲的是作者去参加一个志愿项目，历经苦难，后来变得更加强大的故事。
40. 本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。
Everyne was s 40 and like-minded that it was very 41. easy t feel at hme.
形容词 并列连词 形容词
从上述分析可以看出，第40题与“like-minded”形成对应关系。因为有and这一并列连词，并且and前后意思应该一致，由此可知正确选项。
技巧四：利用语境暗示分析法解题
(2021•高考英语全国卷乙)
Simply saying thank yu desn’t seem enugh in certain situatins. I was cnsidering this while wrking as a 41 just a few weeks ag. And it came t me then hw much easier it wuld be if we had a range f wrds that express different 42 f gratitude (感谢).
My thughts were sn 43 . We had a wman patient wh was 44 frm a knee replacement peratin. One afternn, while 45 t get int bed she cllapsed frm what was 46 discvered t be a heart attack. The cllapse was disastrus, 47 the emergency medical team and gd teamwrk. But she recvered, thugh 48 , and was ready fr discharge (出院) after fur weeks.
She was 49 fr everything that the medical and nursing team had dne fr her. On her day f discharge, we shared in her 50 at her recvery. As she was 51 she was eager t say 52 t each f us in the nursing team. When she 53 ne nurse, she tried t press a five-pund nte int her hand. My clleague 54 t accept it, saying that we were all just 55 ur jb. The patient lked puzzled, and then 56 : “Oh this isn’t fr the 57 I had. I take that as a 58 . N, this is fr setting my hair yesterday.”
And there yu have it. T many peple, 59 lives is part f the jb but styling hair is an 60 and shuld be rewarded.
41. A. cleanerB. chemistC. nurseD. dctr
42. A. gradesB. meaningsC. needsD. expectatins
43. A. brushed asideB. put t the testC. brught under discussinD. taken int accunt
44. A. departingB. escapingC. retiringD. recvering
45. A. attemptingB. chsingC. pausingD. prmising
46. A. eventuallyB. frtunatelyC. casuallyD. secretly
47. A. assessingB. requiringC. frmingD. prving
48. A. slightlyB. accidentallyC. slwlyD. happily
49. A. gratefulB. thughtfulC. srrwfulD. fearful
50. A. surpriseB. delightC. curisityD. disappintment
51. A. peratingB. thinkingC. hesitatingD. leaving
52. A. srryB. hellC. gdbyeD. yes
53. A. reachedB. cnsultedC. intrducedD. persuaded
54. A. wishedB. pretendedC. failedD. refused
55. A. enjyingB. dingC. securingD. starting
56. A. repeatedB. recitedC. repliedD. reprted
57. A. curageB. patienceC. dutyD. care
58. A. galB. givenC. pushD. greeting
59. A. riskingB. changingC. savingD. building
60. A. hnurB. abilityC. peningD. extra
【答案】41-45 CABDA 46-50 ABCAB 51-55 DCADB 56-60 CDBCD
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人的故事，表达了我们应该对别人的付出表示真诚的感谢，即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。
答案A
【解析】本题可通过语境暗示解题。根据下文中“everything that the medical and nursing team had dne fr her”可推知，她感激医护人员为她做的一切。thughtful“周到的，体贴的”；srrwful“悲伤的”；fearful“担心的,害怕的”。
名校模拟
(1)
(2023下·湖北武汉·高三武汉市第十一中学校考开学考试) A serius car crash leads ne wman t rediscver her faith in human kindness.
In March last year, the car I was driving was 1 in a serius crash with anther car n a cuntry rad. I sn 2 myself at the centre f a disrder f activity, surrunded by dctrs, plice, rescuers and members f the lcal cmmunity. An huge can pener was used t 3 me ut f my brken car and 4 an ambulance.
Over the next eight hurs, I was transprted t hspital, dragged up, X-rayed and diagnsed with a brken neck. Knwing that I’d 5 death by a fractin f a secnd sustained me thrughut the lng wait in the emergency ward and 6 me t deal with the visible distress f my hspital visitrs.
Only after I’d cnvinced the last friend t 7 culd I direct my energies inwards. Flitting (掠过) in and ut f my line f visin during my hspital stay was the Red Crss lady, a 8 presence in white wh, frm time t time, placed her head in t 9 cups f tea. After the visitrs had gne, she ventured further int my rm t 10 that I was all right.
I fund myself telling her everything: abut the shck f the 11 , my fears fr my family as a result f my injuries and abut my whle life. While I waited fr an ambulance t transprt me t anther hspital, she std by my trlley and held my hand as I ff-laded all the emtin I’d stically withheld (强忍着地) frm my family. She 12 , quiet and nn-judgmental.
Even nw, the 13 that I have her cntact details prvides me with great cmfrt. I lk frward t a day in the nt-t-distant future when my guardian angel and I can meet again, in 14 circumstances.
In times f crisis, faith can sustain us: fr me, my faith in human nature, reawakened by the 15 f a stranger, has helped ease my jurney back t recvery.
1. A. caughtB. trappedC. invlvedD. lst
2. A. fundB. imaginedC. devtedD. dreamed
3. A. pushB. frceC. getD. turn
4. A. intB. ntC. ffD. n
5. A. beatB. metC. survivedD. feared
6. A. advisedB. frcedC. rderedD. helped
7. A. assistB. leaveC. participateD. cme
8. A. patientB. cheerfulC. gentleD. plite
9. A. makeB. fferC. drinkD. take
10. A. ensureB. cnsultC. cncludeD. check
11. A. accidentB. incidentC. eventD. ccasin
12. A. puzzledB. dubtedC. stppedD. listened
13. A. pwerB. beliefC. knwledgeD. privilege
14. A. happierB. unexpectedC. strangeD. extreme
15. A. sympathyB. strengthC. dnatinD. kindness
(2)
(2023上·广东深圳·高三珠海市第一中学校联考期末) I am a prfessr f psychlgy. Sme time ag, I gt halfway thrugh a day f teaching befre a c-wrker pinted ut t me I was quite 1 wearing a different pair f shes, ne red and ne black. I felt s 2 and upset but I wuld have t g t teach my 3 like this. When I nticed hw much I wanted t disappear and avid this 4 , I was determined t face it 5 . I walked int class and 6 t the students that I was wearing tw shes frm 7 pairs, and directed their attentin t my feet. Everyne laughed and we went n with class. Years later, a 8 in that class tld me that this was the mment she first thught that maybe, just maybe, she culd be a prfessr, t.
I 9 my mistake because I realized that trying t hide it was weakening my ability t cncentrate my mind n my teaching — but I had n idea that it wuld als help shrten the 10 distance between my students and myself.
Many cntexts may 11 r shame peple fr making mistakes. Our effrts t avid them 12 ur desires fr success, and hw thers will respnd t ur mistakes. We might feel 13 and shame if we d make sme.
Hwever, mistake-making is part f learning new things, and it can 14 us clser t thers. It 15 up the pssibility f accepting mistakes gladly, letting us be mre pen and engaged in what we are ding.
1. A. impatientlyB. carelesslyC. quietlyD. slwly
2. A. cnfusedB. tuchedC. terrifiedD. embarrassed
3. A. aimB. bkC. curseD. feeling
4. A. situatinB. directinC. peratinD. ptin
5. A. besidesB. mreverC. insteadD. therwise
6. A. shutedB. appealedC. calledD. annunced
7. A. beautifulB. fancyC. differentD. clrful
8. A. wrkerB. teacherC. studentD. peer
9. A. sharedB. madeC. avidedD. crrected
10. A. physicalB. psychlgicalC. criticalD. ecnmical
11. A. recgnizeB. stpC. helpD. punish
12. A. result frmB. cme utC. give ffD. take n
13. A. self-cntrlB. self-respectC. self-cnfidenceD. self-criticism
14. A. drawB. frceC. pushD. affect
15. A. clearsB. pensC. turnsD. uses
(3)
(2023上·广东佛山·高三佛山一中校考阶段练习) I teach ecnmics at UNLV three times per week. Last Mnday, at the beginning f class, I cheerfully asked my students hw their 1 had been. One yung man said that his weekend had nt been s gd. He had his wisdm teeth 2 . The yung man then 3 t ask me why I always seemed t be s cheerful.
His questin 4 , me f smething I’d read smewhere befre: Every mrning when yu get up, yu have a 5 abut hw yu want t apprach life that day.” I said, “I chse t be cheerful.”
“Let me give yu an example,” I cntinued, 6 all sixty students in the class. “In additin t teaching here at UNLV, I als teach ut at the cmmunity cllege in Hendersn, 17 miles dwn the 7 frm where I live. One day a few weeks ag, I drve thse 17 miles t Hendersn I 8 the freeway and turned n t Cllege Drive. I nly had t drive. 9 quarter mile dwn the rad t-the cllege. But just then my car died. I tried t start it again but failed. S I put my flashers n, grabbed my bks, and marched dwn the rad t the cllege.
“As sn as I gt there I called AAA and arranged fr a tw truck t meet me at my car after class. The secretary in the Prvst’s ffice asked me what had happened. “This is my lucky day,” I smiled. She was 10 “My car brke dwn in the 11 place: ff the freeway, within walking distance f here. If my car was 12 t breakdwn tday, it culdn’t have been arranged in a mre 13 fashin,” I added. The secretary’s eyes pened wide, and then she smiled. I smiled back and headed fr class. S ended my stry.
I scanned the sixty faces in my ecnmics class at UNLV. Despite the early hur n ne seemed t be 14 , Smehw, my stry had tuched them. Or maybe it wasn’t the stry at all. In fact, it had all started with a student’s 15 that I was cheerful.
1. A. weekendB. taskC. sleepD. class
2. A. plantedB. remvedC. abandnedD. cleaned
3. A. hesitatedB. happenedC. prceededD. intended
4. A. persuadedB. warnedC. infrmedD. reminded
5. A. decisinB. chiceC. belietD. challenge
6. A. handingB. mnitringC. directingD. addressing
7. A. freewayB. districtC. pathD. street
8. A. hitB. enteredC. exitedD. sptted
9. A. extraB. antherC. therD. certain
10. A. puzzledB. relievedC. wrriedD. embarrassed
11. A. livelyB. invitingC. tlerableD. perfect
12. A. thughtB. suppsedC. cmmittedD. meant
13. A. cnvenientB. cnsiderableC. effectiveD. available
14. A. alneB. asleepC. activeD. available
15. A. faithB. prpsalC. bservatinD. emphasis
(4)
(2023上·广东江门·高三台山市第一中学校考阶段练习) I’m a mther f three and a psychlgist. Recently, I cme t understand what makes childhd valuable in its wn right.
One day, when I went t get my 7-year-ld sn frm sccer 1 , the kid 2 me with a dwncast face. The cach had 3 him fr nt fcusing n his sccer drills. He walked ut f the schl with his head and shulders 4 dwn. He seemed wrapped in 5 . But just befre he reached the car dr, he suddenly stpped, cruching (蹲伏) dwn t 6 smething n the sidewalk. His 7 went dwn lwer and lwer, and then, with cmplete jy he called ut, “Mum. Cme here. This is the 8 bug (虫子) I’ve ever seen. It has, like a millin 9 . It’s amazing.” He lked up at me, his features verflwing with energy and 10 . “Can’t we 11 here fr just a minute? I want t find ut what he des with all thse legs.”
The traditinal view f such a mment is that it is 12 , r a waste f valuable time. Yet at that mment it suddenly dawned n me that what sets children apart frm adults is nt their ignrance (无知) but their 13 fr jy. Children’s ability t becme deeply 14 in smething and get great pleasure is what adults spend the rest f their lives 15 .
1. A. appintmentB. displayC. practiceD. experience
2. A. servedB. greetedC. witnessedD. treated
3. A. enviedB. criticizedC. prmtedD. frgiven
4. A. hangingB. settlingC. puttingD. turning
5. A. shynessB. weaknessC. lnelinessD. sadness
6. A. pick upB. lk frC. stare atD. bring ut
7. A. earsB. handsC. muthD. face
8. A. biggestB. simplestC. strangestD. dullest
9. A. eyesB. armsC. legsD. feet
10. A. entertainmentB. delightC. satisfactinD. cnfusin
11. A. gatherB. playC. sitD. stay
12. A. practicalB. impssibleC. accessibleD. unnecessary
13. A. capacityB. respectC. effrtD. respnsibility
14. A. experiencedB. absrbedC. richD. skillful
15. A. seekingB. studyingC. missingD. denying
(5)
(2023上·广东湛江·高三湛江一中校考开学考试) I teach ecnmics at UNLV three times per week. Last Mnday, at the beginning f class, I cheerfully asked my students hw their 1 had been. One yung man said that his weekend had nt been s gd. He had his wisdm teeth 2 . The yung man then prceeded t ask me why I always seemed t be s 3 .
His questin 4 me f smething I’d read smewhere befre: “Every mrning when yu get up, yu have a chice abut hw yu want t 5 life that day.” I said, “I chse t be cheerful.”
“Let me give yu an example,” I cntinued, addressing all sixty students in the class. “In additin t teaching here at UNLV, I als teach ut at the cmmunity cllege in Hendersn, 17 miles dwn the 6 frm where I live. One day a few weeks ag, I drve thse 17 miles t Hendersn. I exited the freeway and turned nt Cllege Drive. I nly had t drive 7 quarter mile dwn the rad t the cllege. But just then my car died. I tried t start it again, but the engine wuldn’t 8 . S I put my flashers n, 9 my bks, and marched dwn the rad t the cllege.
“As sn as I gt there I called AAA and arranged fr a tw truck t meet me at my car after class. The 10 in the Prvst’s ffice asked me what had happened. “This is my lucky day,” I smiled. She was puzzled.
“My car brke dwn in the perfect place: ff the freeway, within walking distance f here. If my car was 11 t break dwn tday, it culdn’t have been arranged in a mre 12 fashin,” I added. The secretary’s eyes pened wide, and then she smiled. I smiled back and 13 fr class. S ended my stry.
I scanned the sixty faces in my ecnmics class at UNLV. Despite the early hur, n ne seemed t be 14 . Smehw, my stry had tuched them. Or maybe it wasn’t the stry at all. In fact, it had all started with a student’s 15 that I was cheerful.
1. A. weekendB. taskC. sleepD. class
2. A. plantedB. remvedC. abandnedD. brightened
3. A. gratefulB. thughtfulC. cheerfulD. delightful
4. A. satisfiedB. warnedC. infrmedD. reminded
5. A. sustainB. apprachC. lengthenD. enjy
6. A. streetB. districtC. pathD. freeway
7. A. antherB. therC. extraD. certain
8. A. turn utB. turn intC. turn verD. turn away
9. A. leftB. grabbedC. cveredD. hid
10. A. secretaryB. cnsultantC. assistantD. minister
11. A. thughtB. suppsedC. cmmittedD. meant
12. A. validB. cnsiderableC. intentinalD. cnvenient
13. A. headedB. inspectedC. sawD. panicked
14. A. alikeB. asleepC. activeD. available
15. A. faithB. prpsalC. bservatinD. emphasis
参考答案与解析
(1)答案：
1. C 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者遭遇严重车祸，但就在他处于危难和痛苦之中的时候遇到了一位善良的女士。女士的善良重新唤醒了作者对人性的信念。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年3月，在乡间公路上，我开的那辆车和另一辆车发生了严重的撞车事故。A. caught抓住；B. trapped陷入；C. invlved卷入；D.lst迷失。根据句中“a serius crash with anther car”可知，作者的车遭遇撞车事故，结合选项，用动词短语be invlved in...，意为“被卷入……中”，作者的车被卷入一场撞车事故之中是正确的表述。故选C项。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很快发现自己处于混乱的活动中心，周围是医生、警察、救援人员和当地社区的成员。A. fund发现，发觉；B. imagined想象；C. devted致力；D. dreamed梦想。句中“at the centre f a disrder f activity, surrunded by dctrs, plice, rescuers and members f the lcal cmmunity”是作者发生车祸后发现发生在自己身边的事情；find neself in/at/ding... 表示“(突然)发现自己处于某种状态或来到某地方”，通常带有一种出乎意料的意味。故选A项。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们用一个巨大的开罐器把我从破车里弄出来，上了一辆救护车。A. push推；B. frce力量；C. get 使，让；D. turn转变。根据句中“An huge can pener”和“ut f my brken car”可知，作者被卡车里了，需要把他弄出来；get sb. ut f...“使……从……出来”。故选C项。
4. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：他们用一个巨大的开罐器把我从破车里弄出来，送入一辆救护车。A. int到……里面；B. nt到……之上；C. ff从……离开；D. n在……之上。根据句中“an ambulance”和“I was transprted t hspital”下文可知，把作者从车里弄出来后要送进救护车；get sb. int...“让……进入……”。故选A项。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道自己与死神擦肩而过，死里逃生，这支撑着我熬过了在急诊室的漫长等待，并帮助我应对到医院探病的人表现出的明显痛苦。A. beat击败；B. met遇见；C. survived幸存，活下来；D. feared恐惧。根据下文可知，虽然作者遭遇严重车祸，但最后康复了，说明他活了下来。故选C项。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道自己与死神擦肩而过，死里逃生，这支撑着我熬过了在急诊室的漫长等待，并帮助我应对到医院探病的人表现出的明显痛苦。A. advised建议；B. frced强迫；C. rdered命令；D. helped帮助。根据上文“sustained me thrughut the lng wait in the emergency ward”可知，作者知道自己活了下来成为他的精神支柱，支撑着他，也帮助他应对各种问题。故选D项。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：只有在我说服最后一个朋友离开后，我才能把精力集中在内心。A. assist帮助；B. leave离开；C. participate参与；D. cme来。根据句中“I direct my energies inwards”可知，朋友们都离开了，没人打扰，作者才能把精力集中于内心。故选B项。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在住院期间，一位温柔的红十字会女士，穿着白色的衣服，在我视线中进进出出，不时探出头来给我倒茶。A. patient有耐心；B. cheerful愉快的；C. gentle温柔的；D. plite礼貌的。根据下文“I fund myself telling her everything”和“She 12 , quiet and nn-judgmental.”可知，作者愿意向这位红十字会的女士她吐露心声，而且她也只是默默地聆听，由此推知，她一定是一位温柔的女士，值得信任。故选C项。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在住院期间，一位温柔的红十字会女士，穿着白色的衣服，在我视线中进进出出，不时探出头来给我倒茶。A. make制造；B. ffer提供；C. drink饮用；D. take拿取。根据句中“cups f tea”可知，这位女士主动给作者提供茶水。故选B项。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：客人走后，她大胆地走进我的房间，看看我是否安好。A. ensure保证；B. cnsult咨询；C. cnclude结束；D. check查看。根据句中“I was all right”可知，她是来查看作者是否安好。故选D项。
11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现自己把一切都告诉了她：关于事故事带来的震惊，关于因为受伤我对家人的恐惧，关于我的整个人生。A. accident意外；B. incident事件；C. event活动；D. ccasin场合。根据“shck”可知，作者说的是这次撞车事故带给自己的震惊或冲击。故选A项。
12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她静静地听着，不带任何评论。A. puzzled困惑；B. dubted怀疑；C. stpped停止；D. listened倾听。根据下文“quiet and nn-judgmental”可知，作者在倾述时，她只是聆听。故选D项。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使是现在，知道我有她的联系方式也让我感到非常安慰。A. pwer力量；B. belief信仰；C. knwledge知道，了解；D. privilege特权。根据句中同位语从句“that I have her cntact details”可知，这是作者自己知道的事情。故选C项。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我期待着在不久的将来有一天，我的守护天使和我能在更快乐的情况下再次见面。A. happier更快乐；B. unexpected意外的；C. strange奇怪；D. extreme极端。根据上文可知，作者是在自己处于危难和痛苦之中与这位女士相识的，所以句中“a day in the nt-t-distant future when my guardian angel and I can meet again”所说的再次见面的时候应该是自己情况好转或康复了的时候，也就是更快乐的时候。故选A项。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在危机时刻，信念可以支撑我们：对我来说，我对人性的信念，被一个陌生人的善良重新唤醒，帮助我顺利恢复。A. sympathy同情；B. strength力量；C. dnatin捐赠；D. kindness善良。根据上文可知，作者在处于危难和痛苦之中的时候遇到了一位善良的女士，给她提供了帮助，唤醒了他对人性的信念。故选D项。
(2)答案
1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者通过主动告诉学生自己犯的错误，不但消除了自己内心的尴尬、沮丧，同时还拉进了自己与学生之间的距离。向他人敞开心扉，不仅可以了解自己，还能将自己与其他的事情联系起来。
1. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：前段时间，一天的教学进行到一半时，一位同事向我指出，我很不小心穿了一双不同的鞋，一只红一只黑。A. impatiently不耐烦地；B. carelessly粗心地；C. quietly安静地；D. slwly缓慢地。根据“wearing a different pair f shes”可知，此处指由于粗心穿错了鞋，故选B。
2. 考查形容词词辨析。句意：我感到很尴尬和沮丧，但我必须这样去教我的课程。A. cnfused困惑的；B. tuched感动的；C. terrified害怕的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。空处和“upset”并列，结合语境可知，穿错鞋应是感到尴尬，故选D。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. aim目的；B. bk书；C. curse课程；D. feeling感觉。根据上文“I gt halfway thrugh a day f teaching”可知，作者一天的教学还没完成，指必须这样去教授课程，故选C。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到我是多么想要消失和避免这种情况时，相反我决定去面对它。A. situatin情况；B. directin方向；C. peratin操作，手术；D. ptin选择。结合语境可知，此处指作者想要避免穿错鞋这种情况，故选A。
5. 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. besides此外；B. mrever而且；C. instead相反；D. therwise否则。根据上文“hw much I wanted t disappear and avid”和“I was determined t face it”可知，前后句是相反的情况，作者想要避免这样的情况，但是决定去面对它，故选C。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走进教室，向同学们宣布我穿了两双不同的鞋，并把他们的注意力引到我的脚上。A. shuted大喊；B. appealed呼吁；C. called打电话；D. annunced宣布。根据“t the students”可知，此处指作者作为老师向同学们宣布自己穿错了鞋，故选D。
7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. beautiful美丽的；B. fancy精致的，奢华的；C. different不同的；D. clrful多彩的。根据上文“I was quite __1__ wearing a different pair f shes”可知，作者穿了两双鞋中的各一只，故选C。
8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，那个班里的一个学生告诉我，那是她第一次想到也许，只是也许，她也可以成为一名教授。A. wrker工人；B. teacher老师；C. student学生；D. peer同龄人。结合上文“t the students that I was wearing tw shes…”以及空后“in that class”可知，作者告诉同学们自己穿错了鞋，此处指班里其中一个学生听完后想到自己以后也可以成为教授，故选C。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我分享了我的错误，因为我意识到试图隐藏它会削弱我专注于教学的能力——但我不知道这也有助于缩短我和学生之间的心理距离。A. shared分享；B. made制作；C. avided避免；D. crrected纠正。结合上文“I walked int class and __6__ t the students that…”可知，作者向同学们分享了自己的错误，故选A。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. physical身体的；B. psychlgical心理的；C. critical关键的；D. ecnmical经济的。根据上文“ me that this was the mment she first thught that...”可知，作者分享错误后，一个学生告诉作者她一次感觉自己也可以成为教授，故此处指缩短了自己和学生之间心理上的距离，故选B。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多情况下，人们会因为犯错而受到惩罚或羞辱。A. recgnize识别；B. stp停止；C. help帮助；D. punish惩罚。根据“shame peple fr making mistakes”可知，犯错误应是会受惩罚，故选D。
12. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们努力避免犯错是因为我们渴望成功，以及别人对我们的错误的反应。A. result frm由于；B. cme ut出现，出版；C. give ff释放，放出；D. take n呈现。结合句意可知，空后表示原因，因为我们渴望成功，所以我们努力避免犯错，故选A。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们确实犯了一些错误，我们可能会感到自我批评和羞耻。A. self-cntrl自我控制；B. self-respect自我尊重；C. self-cnfidence自信；D. self-criticism自我批评。空处和“shame”并列，所以指我们犯错时会自我批评，感到羞愧，故选D。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，犯错误是学习新事物的一部分，它可以拉近我们与他人的距离。A. draw拉（动），（向某个方向）移动；B. frce强迫；C. push推；D. affect影响。结合空后的“us clser t thers”可知，此处指犯错能拉近我们与别人的距离，故选A。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它开启了欣然接受错误的可能性，让我们更开放，更专注于我们正在做的事情。A. clears清理；B. pens打开；C. turns翻转；D. uses使用。根据“letting us be mre pen”可知，它开启了欣然接受错误的可能性，故选B。
(3)答案
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者向学生讲述自己的车子在离学校不远的地方抛锚而没有在高速公路上抛锚，这让作者感到很幸运，从而教导学生应该开朗乐观地对待生活。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周一，一开始上课，我就兴致勃勃地问学生们周末过得怎么样。A. weekend周末；B. task任务；C. sleep睡觉；D. class课。根据后文“One yung man said that his weekend had nt been s gd.(一个年轻人说他的周末过得不太好)”可知，作者问学生们周末过得怎么样。故选A。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拔掉了智齿。A. planted种植；B. remved去除，去掉；C. abandned抛弃；D. cleaned清理。根据前文“his weekend had nt been s gd”和“his wisdm teeth”可知，这个学生拔掉了智齿。故选B。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻人接着问我，为什么我总是显得那么高兴。A. hesitated犹豫；B. happened发生；C. prceeded进行，继续；D. intended打算。根据后文“t ask me why I always seemed t be s cheerful”可知，学生告诉了作者自己的周末过得怎样，接着问作者为什么显得那么高兴。故选C。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的问题让我想起了以前在什么地方读到过的一句话：“每天早上，当你起床时，你都可以选择如何对待这一天的生活，”我说。A. persuaded说服；B. warned警告；C. infrmed通知；D. reminded使……想起。根据后文“smething I’d read smewhere befre: Every mrning when yu get up, yu have a abut hw yu want t apprach life that day.”可知，学生的问题使作者想起这句话。故选D。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，当你起床时，你可以选择如何对待这一天的生活。A. decisin决定；B. chice选择；C. belief信念；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“I chse t be cheerful. (我选择开心度过)”可知，此处指选择如何对待这一天，故选B。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“让我给你们举个例子，”我接着说，面向全班60名学生。A. handing递给；B. mnitring监督；C. directing指导；D. addressing对……讲话，解决。根据上文“Let me give yu an example”指作者继续对着学生讲话，进行举例。故选D。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了在拉斯维加斯大学教书，我还在亨德森的社区大学教书，那里离我家有17英里的高速公路。A. freeway高速公路；B. district区；C. path道路；D. street街道。根据后文“the freeway and turned n t Cllege Drive”可知，那个地方有高速公路。故选A。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我下了高速公路，转到大学路。A. hit打击；B. entered进入；C. exited出去；D. sptted发现。根据后文“the freeway and turned n t Cllege Drive”可知，作者到了自己要教书的大学，所以要下高速，即从高速路出去，故选C。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只需要沿着这条路再开四分之一英里就到了大学。A. extra多余的；B. anther另一个；C. ther其他；D. certain某一个，特定的。根据语境和前文“I drve thse 17 miles t Hendersn. I 8 the freeway and turned nt Cllege Drive”可知，作者需要再开四分之一英里就到学校，这时车坏了，表示“再，另一”，后跟mile为单数，应用anther。故选B。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她很困惑。A. puzzled困惑的；B. relieved安慰的；C. wrried担心的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文““This is my lucky day,” I smiled. (“今天是我的幸运日，”我笑着说)”可知，作者遭遇了一系列不幸的事情，还说是幸运日，所以对方很困惑。故选A。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的车在一个完美的地方抛锚了：离这里不远的高速公路旁。A. lively活泼的；B. inviting诱人的；C. tlerable容忍的；D. perfect完美的。根据后文“ff the freeway, within walking distance f here”以及作者提到汽车在这个地方抛锚比在高速公路上抛锚，对作者来说方便多了，步行就可以去上课，所以认为是完美的抛锚地方。故选D。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车注定今天要抛锚，那就不能安排得更方便了。A. thught想；B. suppsed假设；C. cmmitted承诺；D. meant意思是，打算。根据后文“t break dwn tday, it culdn’t have been arranged in a mre ”可知，指汽车注定要抛锚，be meant t意为“理应发生，注定”。故选D。
13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车注定今天要抛锚，那就没有比这安排得更方便的了。A. cnvenient方便的；B. cnsiderable相当大的；C. effective有效的；D. available可获得的。根据前文“My car brke dwn in : ff the freeway, within walking distance f here.”可知，汽车在这个地方抛锚比在高速公路上抛锚，对作者来说方便多了，步行就可以去上课。故选A。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然是大清早，但是没有一个学生在打盹。A. alne孤独的；B. asleep睡着的；C. active积极的；D. available可获得的，有空的。根据上文“Despite the early hur.”可知，作者的故事感人，所以虽然是一大清早，学生中没人打盹。故选B。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这一切都是从一个学生的观察开始的，他发现我很开朗。A. faith信仰；B. prpsal提议；C. bservatin观察；D. emphasis强调。根据前文“The yung man then 3 t ask me why I always seemed t be s cheerful.”可知，一个学生观察到作者总是很高兴，引发作者讲这个故事。故选C。
(4)答案
1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. A
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己小孩“浪费时间”的事情，发现和成年人不同的是，孩子们能够深深地沉浸在某件事中，并从中获得乐趣。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，当我从足球训练中去接我7岁的儿子时，他一脸沮丧地跟我打招呼。A. appintment约会；B. display展示；C. practice训练；D. experience经历。后文提到“The cach”（教练），由此判断，作者的儿子应该是参加了足球的训练。故选C。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当我从足球训练中去接我7岁的儿子时，他一脸沮丧地跟我打招呼。A. served服务；B. greeted打招呼；C. witnessed目击；D. treated对待。前文提到“I went t get my 7-year-ld sn frm sccer practice”（我从足球训练中去接我7岁的儿子）由此判断，作者接到儿子的时候要打招呼。故选B。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：教练批评他没有把注意力集中在足球训练上。A. envied嫉妒；B. criticized批评；C. prmted提升；D. frgiven原谅。后文提到“fr nt fcusing n his sccer drills”（没有把注意力集中在足球训练上），因为训练时不认真，所以受到教练的批评。故选B。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他低垂着头和肩膀走出了学校。A. hanging垂下；B. settling安置；C. putting放置；D. turning转动。前文提到“the kid greeted me with a dwncast face”（他一脸沮丧地跟我打招呼），被教练批评了之后应该是垂头丧气的样子，肩膀也会下垂。故选A。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他似乎沉浸在悲伤之中。A. shyness害羞；B. weakness虚弱；C. lneliness孤独；D. sadness悲伤。前文提到“He walked ut f the schl with his head and shulders hanging dwn. ”（他低垂着头和肩膀走出了学校。）作者看到儿子垂头丧气，肩膀下垂的样子，以为他是沉浸在悲伤之中。故选D。
6. 考查动词词组辨析。句意：但就在他走到车门前，他突然停了下来，蹲下身子盯着人行道上的什么东西。A. pick up捡起；B. lk fr寻找；C. stare at盯着；D. bring ut出版。后文提到“This is the 8 bug (虫子) I’ve ever seen. ”（这是我见过的虫子），由此判断，作者儿子蹲下来之后是看到了人行道上的虫子，因此是盯着看。故选C。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的脸越垂越低，然后满心欢喜地喊道:“妈妈。到这里来。”A. ears耳朵；B. hands手；C. muth嘴；D. face脸。后文提到“went dwn lwer and lwer”（越来越低），为了看清楚人行道上的虫子，要把脸贴的越来越近越来越低才能看见。故选D。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我见过最奇怪的虫子。A. biggest最大的；B. simplest最简单的；C. strangest最奇怪的；D. dullest最迟钝的。后文提到“It’s amazing.”（太让人震惊了），由此判断，儿子觉得自己看到的虫子是非常奇怪的，因此感到惊讶。故选C。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它好像有几百万条腿。A. eyes眼睛；B. arms手臂；C. legs腿；D. feet脚。后文提到“ I want t find ut what he des with all thse legs.”（我想知道他有这么多腿是干什么用的。）由此判断，儿子应该是观察到虫子的腿，才想要知道这些腿是用来干嘛的。故选C。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他抬头看着我，脸上洋溢着精力和喜悦。A. entertainment娱乐；B. delight喜悦；C. satisfactin满意；D. cnfusin疑惑。前文提到“It’s amazing.”（太让人震惊了）以及“I want t find ut what he des with all thse legs.”（我想知道他有这么多腿是干什么用的。）由此判断，儿子沮丧的心情因为看到了一个奇怪的虫子而恢复过来了，脸上充满了精力和喜悦。故选B。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不能再待一会吗？A. gather集合；B. play玩耍；C. sit坐；D. stay停留。后文提到“I want t find ut what he des with all thse legs.”（我想知道他有这么多腿是干什么用的。），由此判断，儿子想要知道虫子的腿是干什么用的话就要待久一点。故选D。
12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：传统观点认为这样的时刻是不必要的，或者是浪费宝贵的时间。A. practical实际的；B. impssible不可能的；C. accessible可接近的；D. unnecessary不必要的。后文提到“r a waste f valuable time”（或者是浪费宝贵的时间。）由此判断，传统意义上来说是浪费时间的事应该是不必要的。故选D。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而就在那一刻，我突然意识到，孩子与成年人的区别不在于他们的无知，而在于他们享受快乐的能力。A. capacity能力；B. respect尊重；C. effrt努力；D. respnsibility责任。前文提到儿子被教练批评之后垂头丧气，但看见了一只虫子之后重新变得充满精力和开心起来，小孩子会因为一点事就会开心起来，说明小孩子有享受快乐的能力。故选A。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们能够深深地沉浸在某件事情中，并从中获得极大的快乐，这正是成年人用他们的余生去寻找的。A. experienced有经验的；B. absrbed全神贯注的；C. rich富有的；D. skillful熟练的。前文提到“Can’t we stay here fr just a minute? I want t find ut what he des with all thse legs.”（我们不能再待一会吗？我想知道他有这么多腿是干什么用的），由此判断，小孩子会沉迷于自己感兴趣的事情中。故选B。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们能够深深地沉浸在某件事情中，并从中获得极大的快乐，这正是成年人用他们的余生去寻找的。A. seeking寻找；B. studying学习；C. missing错过；D. denying否认。小孩子很容易被一些事情吸引并且从中获得乐趣，但人长大后这种能力就逐渐降低，因此成年人要用余生去寻找快乐。故选A。
(5)答案
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者向学生讲述自己的车子在离学校不远的地方抛锚而没有在高速公路上抛锚，这让作者感到很幸运，从而教导学生应该开朗乐观地对待生活。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周一，一开始上课，我就兴致勃勃地问学生们周末过得怎么样。A. weekend周末；B. task任务；C. sleep睡觉；D. class课。根据后文“One yung man said that his weekend had nt been s gd.”可知，作者问学生们周末过得怎么样。故选A项。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拔掉了智齿。A. planted种植；B. remved去除，去掉；C. abandned抛弃；D. brightened更明亮。根据前文“his weekend had nt been s gd”和“his wisdm teeth”可知，这个学生拔掉了智齿。故选B项。
3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那年轻人接着问我，为什么我总是看起来那么高兴。A. grateful感激的；B. thughtful深思熟虑的；C. cheerful高兴的；D. delightful令人愉快的。根据前文“I cheerfully asked my students”和后文“I chse t be cheerful.”可知，学生问作者为什么总是很高兴。故选C项。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的问题让我想起了以前在什么地方读到过的一句话：“每天早上，当你起床时，你都可以选择如何对待这一天的生活，”我说。A. satisfied满意；B. warned警告；C. infrmed通知；D. reminded使……想起。根据后文“smething I’d read smewhere befre: “Every mrning when yu get up, yu have a chice abut hw yu want t 5 life that day”可知，学生的问题使作者想起这句话。故选D项。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的问题让我想起了以前在什么地方读到过的一句话：“每天早上，当你起床时，你都可以选择如何对待这一天的生活，”我说。A. sustain维持；B. apprach接近，着手处理；C. lengthen变长；D. enjy享受。根据前文“yu have a chice abut hw yu want”及后文“life”可知，每天醒来每个人要选择如何对待生活。故选B项。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了在拉斯维加斯大学教书，我还在亨德森的社区大学教书，那里离我家有17英里的高速公路。A. street街道；B. district区；C. path道路；D. freeway高速公路。根据后文“I exited the freeway”可知，那个地方有高速公路。故选D项。
7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只需要沿着这条路再开四分之一英里就到了大学。A. anther另一个；B. ther其他；C. extra多余的；D. certain某一个。根据语境和前文“I drve thse 17 miles t Hendersn. I exited the freeway and turned nt Cllege Drive”可知，作者需要再开四分之一英里就到学校，这时车坏了。故选A项。
8. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我试着再发动一次，但引擎转不起来。A. turn ut结果是；B. turn int变成；C. turn ver翻转；D. turn away拒绝……进入。根据前文“my car died”可知，引擎转不起来。故选C项。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是我开着闪光灯，拿起书本，沿着通往大学的路走去。A. left离开；B. grabbed抓住，拿；C. cvered覆盖；D. hid隐藏。根据语境和后文“marched dwn the rad t the cllege”以及“fr class”可知，作者汽车坏了，拿起教科书，步行去学校上课。故选B项。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：教务长办公室的秘书问我发生了什么事。A. secretary秘书；B. cnsultant顾问；C. assistant助手；D. minister部长。根据后文“The secretary’s eyes pened wide”可知，此处指秘书。故选A项。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车注定今天要抛锚，那就不能安排得更方便了。A. thught想；B. suppsed假设；C. cmmitted承诺；D. meant意思是，打算。根据后文“t break dwn tday, it culdn’t have been arranged in a mre 12 fashin”可知，如果是汽车注定要抛锚，be meant t意为“理应发生，注定”。故选D项。
12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车注定今天要抛锚，那就没有比这安排得更方便的了。A. valid有效的；B. cnsiderable相当大的；C. intentinal有意的；D. cnvenient方便的。根据前文“My car brke dwn in the perfect place: ff the freeway, within walking distance f here.”可知，汽车在这个地方抛锚比在高速公路上抛锚，对作者来说方便多了，步行就可以去上课。故选D项。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也笑了笑，然后去上课了。A. headed朝(某方向)行进；B. inspected检查；C. saw看见；D. panicked恐慌。根据语境和后文“fr class”可知，作者去上课了。故选A项。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然是大清早，但是没有一个学生在打盹。A. alike类似；B. asleep睡着的；C. active积极的；D. available可获得的。根据后文“Smehw, my stry had tuched them.”可知，作者的故事感人，学生中没人打盹。故选B项。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这一切都是从一个学生的观察开始的，他发现我很开朗。A. faith信仰；B. prpsal提议；C. bservatin观察；D. emphasis强调。根据前文“The yung man then prceeded t ask me why I always seemed t be s 3 .”可知，一个学生观察到作者总是很高兴，引发作者讲这个故事。故选C项。卷别
体裁
题材
词数
动词(短语)
名词
形容词
副词
介词
连词
2023新高考I卷
记叙文
越野赛经历
225
7
7
1
0
0
0
2023新高考II卷
记叙文
帮狗狗与主人团聚
209
7
3
4
1
0
0
2023全国甲卷
记叙文
不能以外表来判断食物
249
9
4
6
0
1
0
2023全国乙卷
记叙文
美国体操运动员Duglas
244
12
3
4
1
0
0
2022新高考I卷
记叙文
宿营的乐趣
218
5
5
3
1
1
0
2022新高考II卷
记叙文
新型旅行方式
209
5
6
4
0
0
0
2022全国甲卷
记叙文
因狗结缘
277
8
7
1
3
0
0
2022全国乙卷
说明文
玩捉迷藏
261
7
7
4
2
0
0
2021新高考I卷
记叙文
我的故事
230
9
4
2
0
0
0
2021新高考II卷
记叙文
警察成功破案
192
7
7
1
0
0
0
2021全国甲卷
记叙文
入住经历
242
10
5
4
1
0
0
2021全国乙卷
夹叙夹议
表达感谢
261
10
7
1
2
0
0
2020全国卷I
记叙文
不要说谎
251
6
8
3
2
1
0
2020全国卷II
记叙文
名画真迹
287
11
4
3
2
0
0
2020全国卷III
记叙文
难对付的顾客
265
8
3
6
1
2
0
从上述统计表看，近几年新高考话题都为中学生所熟悉的话题，体裁都是记叙文(记叙文是最为高考命题人青睐的高考完形填空的体裁)。备选项所涉及词类的特点是：动词(短语)和名词为主，形容词为辅，偶尔考查副词和介词(短语)。着重考查考生对文章语境的理解、词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化的交际能力。所设置的空格特点是：句内层次设空题和句组层次设空题为主，语篇层次设空为辅。还有一个特点是：I卷的难度明显大于II卷。展望2024年高考，完形填空的命题不会有太大的变化，难度应该维持在2023年的水平，但选裁上可能有所变化：也许不会再考记叙文体裁，而换成其他体裁，比如说：夹叙夹议文体裁或议论文体裁。
【题型概述】夹叙夹议类完形填空的特点：
夹叙夹议类的文章通常采用叙议结合的写作方法，文章先进行叙述，然后再在段落的结尾或文章的末尾展开议论，说明故事所包含的哲理或总结出作者的观点。记叙和议论在文中交错运用，有的是以议论引出记叙，有的是在记叙的基础上发表议论。阅读此类文章时，考生要重点关注议论的部分，从而总结出文章的主旨。
1.事例→观点：文章首先叙述主人公经历的一件事情或所见所闻，然后针对这一事件发表自己的观点和看法，从而最终揭示一定的生活哲理。
2.观点→事例：先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来进行说明，一般是一个事例，也可能是几个事例从不同角度和侧面进行说明。
3.观点→事例→观点：首先提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例进行说明，最后再进一步阐释或者总结归纳自己的观点态度或看法。
夹叙夹议文既有记叙文的特点又有议论文的某些特征：记叙和议论在文中交错运用，其写作结构一般有下列几种：“先叙后议”“先议后叙”或“叙议交替”。较之记叙文类完形填空，夹叙夹议文类完形填空的解题难度要大得多。因而，夹叙夹议文往往是最容易造成考生失分的一种文体。
夹叙夹议类完形填空题除了具有记叙文类完形填空题的特点外，还有需要特别注意的是：解题时读懂全文的清晰思路，抓文意——理文脉——析文法，沿着“三文”的阅读思路，就能够有效提高完形填空解题的准确率。
“文意”是短文所要表达的主题意义，是作者情感态度的流露，是对具体事件的意义的升华；“文脉”即短文内容发展的线索脉络，是连接短文各个部分的主要线索；“文法”是短文的写作结构和表达手法。总之，结合首句能比较快速而有效地抓住主题，从而理解大体的“文意”；通过串联各段中的小语境梳理短文的“文脉”，结合作者的“文法”，把握故事发展的情节，感受作者的情感态度，领会作者要表达的真实意图。
技巧归纳
技巧一：利用习惯搭配和固定结构解题
【题型诠释】
完形对语法知识的测试重点在名词、代词的数和格、动词的非谓语形式、各种从句、主谓一致关系、并列结构、倒装结构、动词的时态和语态、虚拟语气等方面，并要注意结合词汇的用法、习惯用语的搭配关系和固定结构，这时考生就需要运用习惯搭配和固定结构来解题。
对于这类题型，学生在平时的学习中，要多掌握一些语法现象、多记多背一些固定结构和习惯搭配，并掌握它们的基本用法，这样就能够轻松解题了。
【典例1】(2022上·浙江宁波·高三镇海中学校考阶段练习)
During the winter f 1986 I was wrking at a cnstructin site near Oakland, Califrnia. It is nt 1 fr cnstructin wrkers’ hands t becme very painful. My hands were n 2 that year. They were bleeding at the jints f the fingers and thumbs.
3 wrk because f hurting hands is simply nt a gd chice in the cnstructin industry. Yu grit yur teeth(咬紧牙关), keep wrking, and finish the jb. One mrning I left fr wrk at 5 a.m. and arrived at a 4 . As I gt ut f my truck, I saw a newspaper delivery car and the driver struggling with newspapers. I tk a secnd lk, 5 that the man had n frearms. I was 6 t see him ding a jb that wuld require a(n) physically gifted persn. Still, he was smewhat having 7 with the larger bundles (捆) because his arms weren’t lng enugh.
On my way t pay fr the gas, I stpped and asked him if I culd 8 him. He plitely 9 my ffer. A few minutes later while I was refueling, he said, “Hey buddy, wuld yu mind tying (系) my 10 fr me?” As I was tying his shes, he went n t explain that tying his shes was the nly thing he culdn’t d fr 11 .
I stpped and lked back at him as he was getting int his car. I lked dwn at my 12 . Suddenly it hit me: I had been cmplaining abut my hurting hands fr weeks. That experience made a difference t my hurting hands. Every 13 when my hands start cracking and bleeding, I think back t that 14 in 1986. And just like magic, my hands dn’t 15 .
1. A. easyB. fairC. unusualD. certain
2. A. exceptinB. prblemC. wnderD. sense
3. A. BeginningB. StppingC. GettingD. Finishing
4. A. factryB. cmpanyC. gas statinD. plice statin
5. A. suggestingB. ignringC. thinkingD. nticing
6. A. nervusB. afraidC. happyD. amazed
7. A. difficultyB. funC. wrdsD. relatins
8. A. disturbB. apprachC. helpD. teach
9. A. examinedB. acceptedC. cnsideredD. declined
10. A. shesB. scarfC. feetD. tie
11. A. thersB. himselfC. wrkD. me
12. A. legsB. armsC. shesD. hands
13. A. weekB. nightC. mnthD. winter
14. A. encunterB. incidentC. tripD. party
15. A. bleedB. changeC. hurtD. talk
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B 12. D 13. D 14. A 15. C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在一个建筑工地干活，到了冬天，手经常被冻得裂口子流血。对此他常常抱怨，而在他看到没有小臂的送报工人后，他再也没有抱怨过。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他还是拿不动那些较大的包裹，因为他的手臂不够长。A. difficulty困难；B. fun乐趣；C. wrds话语；D. relatins关系。根据后文“with the larger bundles because his arms weren’t lng enugh.”可知，have difficulty with是一个固定搭配，意为“在很困难”，此处指他还是拿不动那些较大的包裹，因为他的手臂不够长。故选A。
技巧二：利用生活常识和文化背景解题
【题型诠释】
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地调动自己掌握的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地做出正确判断。
解决此类题型时，应该把自己学到的有关文化背景知识和生活常识灵活运用，注意中西文化的一些差别。但有些没有定论的、或自己没有把握的知识，不能作为判断的依据，这时就要尊重原文的描述。
【典例2】(2022上·浙江杭州·高三学军中学校考阶段练习)
I am a guide at the Califrnia Academy f Sciences. Weeks ag I was 1 with a lvely family at the Academy’s Swamp exhibit. Their yung sn was 2 by the swallw and asked many questins abut it. As the family was leaving, I asked the by if he wuld like a sticker t put n his shirt. He 3 chse a swallw sticker. The by’s yunger brther spent time 4 all the sticker chices befre chsing a butterfly. The by wh had chsen first said sftly t his father, “I didn’t see the frg sticker.” His father immediately 5 the by t ask me fr a secnd sticker. The by said, “N, I’m happy with what I have.”
I was 6 . Such wisdm, grace, and 7 , all frm an eight-year-ld by. T ften, we 8 t be happy with what we have and in ur frgetfulness we spread the 9 f discntent.
I recently purchased my first laptp cmputer. In discussins with the 10 , he said, “Within tw years, yu’ll prbably want a new ne anyway.” Why wuld I want a new ne, 11 my ld ne was wrking? Perhaps, “ 12 ” is the key wrd. I wn’t 13 need a new laptp in tw years but I “will prbably want ne”. I may want 14 things, but I dn’t need them. What I d desperately need is the peace f mind. I need t 15 each f my sudden urges t purchase r pssess as either “want” r “need”.
1. A. seeingB. visitingC. leavingD. staying
2. A. trappedB. calledC. stuckD. fascinated
3. A. quicklyB. slwlyC. deliberatelyD. casually
4. A. ging abutB. ging byC. ging frD. ging thrugh
5. A. demandedB. suggestedC. urgedD. persuaded
6. A. satisfiedB. astnishedC. pleasedD. thrilled
7. A. gratitudeB. patienceC. cncentratinD. respect
8. A. usedB. triedC. pretendedD. frgt
9. A. cnceptB. assumptinC. infectinD. lie
10. A. cashierB. hstC. salesmanD. waiter
11. A. ifB. frC. butD. besides
12. A. needB. wantC. hpeD. mind
13. A. bviuslyB. speciallyC. simplyD. necessarily
14. A. spareB. suitableC. shinyD. similar
15. A. recgnizeB. identifyC. prveD. access
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者通过小男孩买贴纸一事，懂得了知足并且能为所拥有的东西感到高兴的故事，最后论述了想要和需要的区别。
11. 考查连词和介词词义辨析。句意：如果我的旧设备正常工作，我为什么要一个新的？A. if如果；B. fr为了；C. but但是；D. besides除此以外。根据本句前半句“Why wuld I want a new ne(为什么我要一个新的)”以及下文“I wn’t 13 need a new laptp in tw years(两年内不需要新电脑)”可知，此处作者想表达的是如果自己的设备正常工作就不需要新的，这一点属于生活常识。故选A。
技巧三：利用对应成分分析法解题
【题型诠释】
完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。这属于句内层次题。
文章中的意群总是通过一定的逻辑关系连在一起，特别是并列平行的结构。这些结构要么通过标点符号体现，要么通过并列连词连接。一般来说，这些平行结构所表达的语境是一致的，学生解题时要特别注意这一点。
【典例3】(2023上·山东泰安·高三新泰市第一中学校考阶段练习)
At the age f 12, I withdrew int my bedrm with my guitar. I had neither musical talent — many 1 music lessns had prved that — nr musical training. My fingers ached as I tried t press dwn n the strings withut making them buzz (发出嗡嗡声). 2 , I wrked my way thrugh 2-, 3- and even 5-chrd (和弦) sngs and discvered the 3 thrills f these musical ntes. N ne 4 me t d this. I did this myself and f my wn free will fr a week, and the sense f happiness－ true happiness 5 in absrptin in smething－has 6 me. Fifty years later, that week’s self-directed practice became a mdel and 7 fr almst every meaningful thing I have dne since. It makes me understand the 8 between achievement and accmplishment.
The wrld favrs achievement while 9 accmplishment. The frmer is the cmpletin f the task impsed (强加) frm the utside — the 10 being a path t the next task. The latter is the end pint f an activity we have chsen, whse bnus is the sudden 11 f happiness.
The seeking f accmplishment always 12 peple. I learned s lng ag in that 13 week that simply lifting ne finger frm the guitar’s C chrd, yu shuld get the mst mving 14 in tune. I didn’t knw then it was a majr 7th chrd, a favrite f sme masters’. I just 15 accmplishment. That’s real human “achievement”.
1. A. addedB. tailredC. expectedD. failed
2. A. BesidesB. InsteadC. TherefreD. Hwever
3. A. fruitlessB. matchlessC. effrtlessD. senseless
4. A. wishedB. allwedC. requiredD. invited
5. A. maskedB. rtedC. setD. stuck
6. A. waited frB. passed byC. departed frmD. stayed with
7. A. exchangeB. reasnC. fundatinD. pririty
8. A. relatinshipB. differenceC. balanceD. similarity
9. A. ignringB. avidingC. assessingD. defending
10. A. riginB. prcessC. decisinD. reward
11. A. lackB. needC. rushD. dream
12. A. amazesB. cncernsC. frightensD. discurages
13. A. adventurusB. dangerusC. memrableD. hrrible
14. A. impressinB. perfrmanceC. sceneD. harmny
15. A. pursuedB. acceptedC. interpretedD. analysed
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. A
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者通过坚持自学一周吉他，获得了扎根于对某事的专注的真正的幸福感，这种幸福感伴随着作者并成为他此后所做的几乎每一件有意义的事情的典范和基础。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：前者是完成任务后从外界加强的奖励，使通往下一个任务的途径。A. rigin起源；B. prcess过程；C. decisin决定；D. reward奖励。根据下文“The latter is the end pint f an activity we have chsen, whse bnus”可知，空处和bnus意思接近，reward（奖励）符合语境。故选D。
技巧四：利用语境暗示分析法解题
【题型诠释】
上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次题中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。在句组层次题中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推断出正确答案。
夹叙夹议文以叙述为主，大部分篇幅在描述人物、事件，作者的观点及态度有时就隐含在其中；少部分篇幅发表议论，议论部分与叙述部分衔接紧密、逻辑严谨(通过“文法”来体现)。
解决此类题型时，要求学生增强语篇逻辑意识，弄清文章内在逻辑关系，根据上下文内容，并适当进行逻辑推理来做出选择。先易后难，循序渐进和带入答案，查读验证仍然适用于夹叙夹议文类完形填空的解题。
【典例4】(2022上·山东烟台·高三莱阳一中校考阶段练习)
Several years ag, a neighbr kid kicked a ftball and brke a basement windw f my huse. Due t financial prblems, I 1 it up, thinking I’d get t it smeday.
Over the years, I had planned t upgrade t energy-efficient windws. But with the frame (窗框) rusted (锈) and firmly 2 in the fundatin, whever did it wuld need t chisel (凿) it ut by hand. It wuld be a 3 prcess and there were six f thse windws in the huse. The cst was estimated at $15,000. It was simply 4 .
Hnestly, the thught f that windw 5 me fr years. I knew I needed t fix it, but I had built up the 6 s much in my mind that I put it ff again and again.
Then I had a jb change and needed t sell the huse befre mving away. But it was almst 7 t find a buyer if there was a brken windw. S I pulled ff the bards t face this thing head-n. I grabbed sme rust remver, 8 it arund the frame f the windw, and gave it a pull. T my astnishment, it easily 9 . I tk the windw dwntwn. It nly cst me $12. I culd have 10 the prblem fr nly $12 when it ccurred, but I let it bther me fr five years!
11 , this isn’t just abut my windw. Many f us live with brken windws f ne type r anther. They are things that seriusly affect ur 12 f life. If yu recgnize yur brken windw, dn’t 13 t mend it. It may turn ut t be 14 than expected. Usually we suffer mre in 15 than in reality.
1. A. treB. madeC. bardedD. packed
2. A. lstB. stuckC. buriedD. mixed
3. A. brain-burningB. labr-cnsumingC. energy-wastingD. risk-taking
4. A. in a messB. beynd cntrlC. at handD. ut f reach
5. A. went againstB. relied nC. ate atD. appealed t
6. A. difficultyB. cnfidenceC. cnfusinD. harm7
7. A. shamefulB. impssibleC. pintlessD. unfair
8. A. blewB. turnedC. passedD. spread
9. A. brkeB. fellC. mvedD. missed
10. A. addressedB. ignredC. delayedD. cnsidered
11. A. LuckilyB. CnsequentlyC. UnexpectedlyD. Actually
12. A. qualityB. paceC. wayD. meaning
13. A. attemptB. guaranteeC. hesitateD. pretend
14. A. easierB. tugherC. rarerD. wrse
15. A. practiceB. memryC. principleD. imaginatin
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者讲述了自己家的窗户被打破后，没有及时修理，但这个问题困扰他多年，最后发现只需要12美元就可以解决这个问题，因此告诫人们要及时修补生活中的漏洞，否则会干扰你的生活。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于经济原因，我用木板堵住被打破的窗户，打算以后再修。A. tre撕碎；B. made制作；C. barded用木板盖上；D. packed打包。根据上句“a neighbr kid kicked a ftball and brke a basement windw f my huse. Due t financial prblems(一个邻居孩子踢球，打破了我家地下室的窗户。由于经济原因)”和下文“S I pulled ff the bards(所以我拆下板子)”可知，窗户被打破了，由于经济原因，作者只好先用木板堵住。故选C。
高考练场
技巧一：利用习惯搭配和固定结构解题
(2020·全国·高考新课标II卷)
It was just after sunrise n a June mrning. “Nicl,” whse real name cannt be 41 t the public because f Italy’s privacy laws, 42 wrking the whle night at a factry in Turin. As he ften did, he stpped by the “after wrk auctin (拍卖)” 43 by the Italian plice where things 44 n the trains were sld t the highest bidder. There, amng many ther things, Nicl sptted tw paintings he thught wuld lk 45 abve his dining rm table. Nicl and anther bidder 46 until Nicl finally wn the paintings fr $32.
When Nicl retired and went t live in Sicily, he 47 the paintings with him. He hung them abve the same table he had 48 frm Turin. His sn, age 15, wh had 49 an art appreciatin class, thught that there was smething 50 abut the ne with a yung girl sitting n a garden chair. It was signed (签名) “Bnnat” r s he thught, but when he 51 it, he nly fund “Bnnard,” a French 52 he had never heard f. He bught a bk and was 53 t find a picture f the artist Pierre Bnnard sitting n the same chair in the same 54 as his father’s painting.
“That’s the garden in ur picture,” Nicl’s sn tld his father. They 55 learned that the painting they 56 was called “The Girl with Tw Chairs.” They 57 the ther painting and learned that it was 58 Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life f Fruit n a Table with a Small Dg.” The 59 called the Italian Culture Ministry; the fficial cnfirmed that the paintings were 60 and wrth as much as $50 millin.
41. A. attachedB. allcatedC. expsedD. submitted
42. A. finishedB. delayedC. cnsideredD. tried
43. A. attendedB. reservedC. cancelledD. run
44. A. shwnB. fundC. keptD. hidden
45. A. niceB. familiarC. usefulD. real
46. A. battledB. debatedC. discussedD. bargain
47. A. heldB. leftC. registeredD. brught
48. A. chsenB. receivedC. rderedD. mved
49. A. missedB. failedC. takenD. led
50. A. cncreteB. unusualC. unappealingD. natural
51. A. appreciatedB. tuchedC. researchedD. witnessed
52. A. painterB. designerC. authrD. actr
53. A. expectedB. surprisedC. anxiusD. ready
54. A. rmB. kitchenC. hallD. garden
55. A. apparentlyB. cnfidentlyC. eventuallyD. temprarily
56. A. wnedB. brrwedC. sldD. stle
57. A. cllectedB. cleanedC. framedD. studied
58. A. suitablyB. actuallyC. rightlyD. specifically
59. A. girlB. artistC. familyD. plice
60. A. cpiesB. riginalsC. mdelsD. Presents
【答案】41-45 CADBA 46-50 ADDCB 51-55 CABDC 56-60 ADBCB
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫Nicl的人在拍卖会上以低价购得两幅画。后来他的学艺术欣赏的儿子经过研究发现这两副画可能来自著名画家，他们打电话给意大利文化部，那儿的官员证实这两幅画都是画家的真迹，价值至少5000万美元。
41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicl完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因意大利的隐私法不能暴露给公众。A. attached附加，附属；B. allcated分配；C. expsed暴露；D. submitted上交。根据下文的“because f Italy’s privacy”可知，此处be expsed t“暴露”是一个固定搭配，符合语境，故选C项。
技巧二：利用生活常识和文化背景解题
(2021年新高考II卷)
Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended t be smene else many times, and has even learned t 41 different dialects (方言), leading t him being described as an “Oscar-winning actr”.
The 60-year-ld is nt an actr, but a 42 . Hwever, he is mre devted t his “ 43 ” than any real actr.
In the 1990s, a grup f thieves ften sld stlen gds with the help f sme beggars. T lk int the 44 , Wang disguised (伪装) himself and 45 the beggars. Dirty shrts and ld shes gave him the 46 f a real beggar and his cnvincing dialect sn wn him the 47 f the beggars.
“I ften 48 them t drink alchl. Once they were 49 , they began t talk a lt,” Wang said. “I’d then 50 myself t use the tilet, 51 what the beggars said, and send the 52 t my teammates.”
Wang, wh is ften in 53 situatins, is als a jud (柔道) master. “As lng as I get clse enugh, n criminal can 54 frm me,” he said.
Wang’s 55 wn him several hnrs, including a Natinal May Day Labr Medal and 11 Citatins f Merit.
41. A. teachB. cmpareC. assessD. speak
42. A. lawyerB. dctrC. plicemanD. businessman
43. A. rleB. studyC. familyD. audience
44. A. mirrrB. caseC. futureD. questin
45. A. interviewedB. jinedC. arrestedD. assisted
46. A. challengeB. experienceC. appearanceD. freedm
47. A. vteB. sympathyC. permissinD. trust
48. A. invitedB. frcedC. helpedD. expected
49. A. drunkB. desertedC. bredD. lst
50. A. guideB. persuadeC. excuseD. allw
51. A. refer tB. nte dwnC. ask abutD. miss ut
52. A. planB. agreementC. directinD. infrmatin
53. A. awkwardB. dangerusC. unfrtunateD. strange
54. A. separateB. recverC. escapeD. hear
55. A. curageB. hnestyC. kindnessD. ptimism
【答案】41-45 DCABB 46-50 CDAAC 51-55 BDBCA
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了警察王先生在过去的38年里，多次假扮别人，甚至学会了讲不同的方言，不顾危险混入犯罪团伙，成功破案的故事。
42. C 根据“a grup f thieves ften sld stlen gds”和“As lng as I get clse enugh, n criminal can...”可知，抓罪犯的应该是警察，所以这位60岁的老人不是演员，王先生是一名警察(pliceman)。
技巧三：利用对应成分分析法解题
(2021年1月高考浙江卷)
Last year I decided t d sme vlunteer wrk. I began t 36 n the Internet and discvered Vlunteer USA. Three mnths later I 37 myself n a plane t Phenix, Arizna. I was 38 at the thught f living with lads f new peple fr three mnths. Hwever, within fifteen minutes f 39 , my wrries had gne. Everyne was s 40 and like-minded that it was very 41 t feel at hme.
I was sent t the Crnad Natinal Frest fr my first 8-day 42 . We had t 43 everything we needed and walk three miles t where we wrked. It may nt seem like a 44 way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were n fire.
My jb was t 45 a stairway ut f rck. This 46 climbing up and dwn the side f a muntain inhabited (栖息) by muntain lins, althugh I shuld say they were nly heard, never 47 .
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came int being. The 48 f knwing that my 49 will be n that muntainside fr years t cme is massive.
But n the last night we were 50 in a thunderstrm. I wke up at midnight t find a swimming pl in my tent. The temperature was clse t 51 . I had t spend the rest f the night trembling in the nly 52 part f my tent.
53 , I suffered a lt. But I knw whatever I have t face in my life I was there and I 54 . I think I am much 55 fr having taken part in the prject.
36. A. calculateB. negtiateC. advertiseD. research
37. A. imaginedB. intrducedC. enjyedD. fund
38. A. annyedB. surprisedC. scaredD. excited
39. A. arrivingB. sleepingC. thinkingD. walking
40. A. cnfidentB. friendlyC. energeticD. curius
41. A. funnyB. gdC. luckyD. easy
42. A. turB. prjectC. campaignD. curse
43. A. drpB. makeC. carryD. buy
44. A. niceB. safeC. lngD. quick
45. A. buildB. testC. cleanD. guard
46. A. helpedB. endedC. allwedD. meant
47. A. huntedB. trainedC. seenD. fed
48. A. satisfactinB. ambitinC. expectatinD. intentin
49. A. wrkB. memryC. recrdD. stry
50. A. leftB. caughtC. attackedD. separated
51. A. bilingB. averageC. nrmalD. freezing
52. A. tidyB. dryC. newD. sft
53. A. By the wayB. Regardless f thatC. Needless t sayD. In either case
54. A. survivedB. resistedC. escapedD. recvered
55. A. smarterB. strngerC. happierD. busier
【答案】36-40 DDCAB 41-45 DBCCA 46-50 DCAAB 51-55 DBCAB
【导语】本文主要讲的是作者去参加一个志愿项目，历经苦难，后来变得更加强大的故事。
40. 本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。
Everyne was s 40 and like-minded that it was very 41. easy t feel at hme.
形容词 并列连词 形容词
从上述分析可以看出，第40题与“like-minded”形成对应关系。因为有and这一并列连词，并且and前后意思应该一致，由此可知正确选项。
技巧四：利用语境暗示分析法解题
(2021•高考英语全国卷乙)
Simply saying thank yu desn’t seem enugh in certain situatins. I was cnsidering this while wrking as a 41 just a few weeks ag. And it came t me then hw much easier it wuld be if we had a range f wrds that express different 42 f gratitude (感谢).
My thughts were sn 43 . We had a wman patient wh was 44 frm a knee replacement peratin. One afternn, while 45 t get int bed she cllapsed frm what was 46 discvered t be a heart attack. The cllapse was disastrus, 47 the emergency medical team and gd teamwrk. But she recvered, thugh 48 , and was ready fr discharge (出院) after fur weeks.
She was 49 fr everything that the medical and nursing team had dne fr her. On her day f discharge, we shared in her 50 at her recvery. As she was 51 she was eager t say 52 t each f us in the nursing team. When she 53 ne nurse, she tried t press a five-pund nte int her hand. My clleague 54 t accept it, saying that we were all just 55 ur jb. The patient lked puzzled, and then 56 : “Oh this isn’t fr the 57 I had. I take that as a 58 . N, this is fr setting my hair yesterday.”
And there yu have it. T many peple, 59 lives is part f the jb but styling hair is an 60 and shuld be rewarded.
41. A. cleanerB. chemistC. nurseD. dctr
42. A. gradesB. meaningsC. needsD. expectatins
43. A. brushed asideB. put t the testC. brught under discussinD. taken int accunt
44. A. departingB. escapingC. retiringD. recvering
45. A. attemptingB. chsingC. pausingD. prmising
46. A. eventuallyB. frtunatelyC. casuallyD. secretly
47. A. assessingB. requiringC. frmingD. prving
48. A. slightlyB. accidentallyC. slwlyD. happily
49. A. gratefulB. thughtfulC. srrwfulD. fearful
50. A. surpriseB. delightC. curisityD. disappintment
51. A. peratingB. thinkingC. hesitatingD. leaving
52. A. srryB. hellC. gdbyeD. yes
53. A. reachedB. cnsultedC. intrducedD. persuaded
54. A. wishedB. pretendedC. failedD. refused
55. A. enjyingB. dingC. securingD. starting
56. A. repeatedB. recitedC. repliedD. reprted
57. A. curageB. patienceC. dutyD. care
58. A. galB. givenC. pushD. greeting
59. A. riskingB. changingC. savingD. building
60. A. hnurB. abilityC. peningD. extra
【答案】41-45 CABDA 46-50 ABCAB 51-55 DCADB 56-60 CDBCD
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人的故事，表达了我们应该对别人的付出表示真诚的感谢，即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。
答案A
【解析】本题可通过语境暗示解题。根据下文中“everything that the medical and nursing team had dne fr her”可推知，她感激医护人员为她做的一切。thughtful“周到的，体贴的”；srrwful“悲伤的”；fearful“担心的,害怕的”。
名校模拟
(1)
(2023下·湖北武汉·高三武汉市第十一中学校考开学考试) A serius car crash leads ne wman t rediscver her faith in human kindness.
In March last year, the car I was driving was 1 in a serius crash with anther car n a cuntry rad. I sn 2 myself at the centre f a disrder f activity, surrunded by dctrs, plice, rescuers and members f the lcal cmmunity. An huge can pener was used t 3 me ut f my brken car and 4 an ambulance.
Over the next eight hurs, I was transprted t hspital, dragged up, X-rayed and diagnsed with a brken neck. Knwing that I’d 5 death by a fractin f a secnd sustained me thrughut the lng wait in the emergency ward and 6 me t deal with the visible distress f my hspital visitrs.
Only after I’d cnvinced the last friend t 7 culd I direct my energies inwards. Flitting (掠过) in and ut f my line f visin during my hspital stay was the Red Crss lady, a 8 presence in white wh, frm time t time, placed her head in t 9 cups f tea. After the visitrs had gne, she ventured further int my rm t 10 that I was all right.
I fund myself telling her everything: abut the shck f the 11 , my fears fr my family as a result f my injuries and abut my whle life. While I waited fr an ambulance t transprt me t anther hspital, she std by my trlley and held my hand as I ff-laded all the emtin I’d stically withheld (强忍着地) frm my family. She 12 , quiet and nn-judgmental.
Even nw, the 13 that I have her cntact details prvides me with great cmfrt. I lk frward t a day in the nt-t-distant future when my guardian angel and I can meet again, in 14 circumstances.
In times f crisis, faith can sustain us: fr me, my faith in human nature, reawakened by the 15 f a stranger, has helped ease my jurney back t recvery.
1. A. caughtB. trappedC. invlvedD. lst
2. A. fundB. imaginedC. devtedD. dreamed
3. A. pushB. frceC. getD. turn
4. A. intB. ntC. ffD. n
5. A. beatB. metC. survivedD. feared
6. A. advisedB. frcedC. rderedD. helped
7. A. assistB. leaveC. participateD. cme
8. A. patientB. cheerfulC. gentleD. plite
9. A. makeB. fferC. drinkD. take
10. A. ensureB. cnsultC. cncludeD. check
11. A. accidentB. incidentC. eventD. ccasin
12. A. puzzledB. dubtedC. stppedD. listened
13. A. pwerB. beliefC. knwledgeD. privilege
14. A. happierB. unexpectedC. strangeD. extreme
15. A. sympathyB. strengthC. dnatinD. kindness
(2)
(2023上·广东深圳·高三珠海市第一中学校联考期末) I am a prfessr f psychlgy. Sme time ag, I gt halfway thrugh a day f teaching befre a c-wrker pinted ut t me I was quite 1 wearing a different pair f shes, ne red and ne black. I felt s 2 and upset but I wuld have t g t teach my 3 like this. When I nticed hw much I wanted t disappear and avid this 4 , I was determined t face it 5 . I walked int class and 6 t the students that I was wearing tw shes frm 7 pairs, and directed their attentin t my feet. Everyne laughed and we went n with class. Years later, a 8 in that class tld me that this was the mment she first thught that maybe, just maybe, she culd be a prfessr, t.
I 9 my mistake because I realized that trying t hide it was weakening my ability t cncentrate my mind n my teaching — but I had n idea that it wuld als help shrten the 10 distance between my students and myself.
Many cntexts may 11 r shame peple fr making mistakes. Our effrts t avid them 12 ur desires fr success, and hw thers will respnd t ur mistakes. We might feel 13 and shame if we d make sme.
Hwever, mistake-making is part f learning new things, and it can 14 us clser t thers. It 15 up the pssibility f accepting mistakes gladly, letting us be mre pen and engaged in what we are ding.
1. A. impatientlyB. carelesslyC. quietlyD. slwly
2. A. cnfusedB. tuchedC. terrifiedD. embarrassed
3. A. aimB. bkC. curseD. feeling
4. A. situatinB. directinC. peratinD. ptin
5. A. besidesB. mreverC. insteadD. therwise
6. A. shutedB. appealedC. calledD. annunced
7. A. beautifulB. fancyC. differentD. clrful
8. A. wrkerB. teacherC. studentD. peer
9. A. sharedB. madeC. avidedD. crrected
10. A. physicalB. psychlgicalC. criticalD. ecnmical
11. A. recgnizeB. stpC. helpD. punish
12. A. result frmB. cme utC. give ffD. take n
13. A. self-cntrlB. self-respectC. self-cnfidenceD. self-criticism
14. A. drawB. frceC. pushD. affect
15. A. clearsB. pensC. turnsD. uses
(3)
(2023上·广东佛山·高三佛山一中校考阶段练习) I teach ecnmics at UNLV three times per week. Last Mnday, at the beginning f class, I cheerfully asked my students hw their 1 had been. One yung man said that his weekend had nt been s gd. He had his wisdm teeth 2 . The yung man then 3 t ask me why I always seemed t be s cheerful.
His questin 4 , me f smething I’d read smewhere befre: Every mrning when yu get up, yu have a 5 abut hw yu want t apprach life that day.” I said, “I chse t be cheerful.”
“Let me give yu an example,” I cntinued, 6 all sixty students in the class. “In additin t teaching here at UNLV, I als teach ut at the cmmunity cllege in Hendersn, 17 miles dwn the 7 frm where I live. One day a few weeks ag, I drve thse 17 miles t Hendersn I 8 the freeway and turned n t Cllege Drive. I nly had t drive. 9 quarter mile dwn the rad t-the cllege. But just then my car died. I tried t start it again but failed. S I put my flashers n, grabbed my bks, and marched dwn the rad t the cllege.
“As sn as I gt there I called AAA and arranged fr a tw truck t meet me at my car after class. The secretary in the Prvst’s ffice asked me what had happened. “This is my lucky day,” I smiled. She was 10 “My car brke dwn in the 11 place: ff the freeway, within walking distance f here. If my car was 12 t breakdwn tday, it culdn’t have been arranged in a mre 13 fashin,” I added. The secretary’s eyes pened wide, and then she smiled. I smiled back and headed fr class. S ended my stry.
I scanned the sixty faces in my ecnmics class at UNLV. Despite the early hur n ne seemed t be 14 , Smehw, my stry had tuched them. Or maybe it wasn’t the stry at all. In fact, it had all started with a student’s 15 that I was cheerful.
1. A. weekendB. taskC. sleepD. class
2. A. plantedB. remvedC. abandnedD. cleaned
3. A. hesitatedB. happenedC. prceededD. intended
4. A. persuadedB. warnedC. infrmedD. reminded
5. A. decisinB. chiceC. belietD. challenge
6. A. handingB. mnitringC. directingD. addressing
7. A. freewayB. districtC. pathD. street
8. A. hitB. enteredC. exitedD. sptted
9. A. extraB. antherC. therD. certain
10. A. puzzledB. relievedC. wrriedD. embarrassed
11. A. livelyB. invitingC. tlerableD. perfect
12. A. thughtB. suppsedC. cmmittedD. meant
13. A. cnvenientB. cnsiderableC. effectiveD. available
14. A. alneB. asleepC. activeD. available
15. A. faithB. prpsalC. bservatinD. emphasis
(4)
(2023上·广东江门·高三台山市第一中学校考阶段练习) I’m a mther f three and a psychlgist. Recently, I cme t understand what makes childhd valuable in its wn right.
One day, when I went t get my 7-year-ld sn frm sccer 1 , the kid 2 me with a dwncast face. The cach had 3 him fr nt fcusing n his sccer drills. He walked ut f the schl with his head and shulders 4 dwn. He seemed wrapped in 5 . But just befre he reached the car dr, he suddenly stpped, cruching (蹲伏) dwn t 6 smething n the sidewalk. His 7 went dwn lwer and lwer, and then, with cmplete jy he called ut, “Mum. Cme here. This is the 8 bug (虫子) I’ve ever seen. It has, like a millin 9 . It’s amazing.” He lked up at me, his features verflwing with energy and 10 . “Can’t we 11 here fr just a minute? I want t find ut what he des with all thse legs.”
The traditinal view f such a mment is that it is 12 , r a waste f valuable time. Yet at that mment it suddenly dawned n me that what sets children apart frm adults is nt their ignrance (无知) but their 13 fr jy. Children’s ability t becme deeply 14 in smething and get great pleasure is what adults spend the rest f their lives 15 .
1. A. appintmentB. displayC. practiceD. experience
2. A. servedB. greetedC. witnessedD. treated
3. A. enviedB. criticizedC. prmtedD. frgiven
4. A. hangingB. settlingC. puttingD. turning
5. A. shynessB. weaknessC. lnelinessD. sadness
6. A. pick upB. lk frC. stare atD. bring ut
7. A. earsB. handsC. muthD. face
8. A. biggestB. simplestC. strangestD. dullest
9. A. eyesB. armsC. legsD. feet
10. A. entertainmentB. delightC. satisfactinD. cnfusin
11. A. gatherB. playC. sitD. stay
12. A. practicalB. impssibleC. accessibleD. unnecessary
13. A. capacityB. respectC. effrtD. respnsibility
14. A. experiencedB. absrbedC. richD. skillful
15. A. seekingB. studyingC. missingD. denying
(5)
(2023上·广东湛江·高三湛江一中校考开学考试) I teach ecnmics at UNLV three times per week. Last Mnday, at the beginning f class, I cheerfully asked my students hw their 1 had been. One yung man said that his weekend had nt been s gd. He had his wisdm teeth 2 . The yung man then prceeded t ask me why I always seemed t be s 3 .
His questin 4 me f smething I’d read smewhere befre: “Every mrning when yu get up, yu have a chice abut hw yu want t 5 life that day.” I said, “I chse t be cheerful.”
“Let me give yu an example,” I cntinued, addressing all sixty students in the class. “In additin t teaching here at UNLV, I als teach ut at the cmmunity cllege in Hendersn, 17 miles dwn the 6 frm where I live. One day a few weeks ag, I drve thse 17 miles t Hendersn. I exited the freeway and turned nt Cllege Drive. I nly had t drive 7 quarter mile dwn the rad t the cllege. But just then my car died. I tried t start it again, but the engine wuldn’t 8 . S I put my flashers n, 9 my bks, and marched dwn the rad t the cllege.
“As sn as I gt there I called AAA and arranged fr a tw truck t meet me at my car after class. The 10 in the Prvst’s ffice asked me what had happened. “This is my lucky day,” I smiled. She was puzzled.
“My car brke dwn in the perfect place: ff the freeway, within walking distance f here. If my car was 11 t break dwn tday, it culdn’t have been arranged in a mre 12 fashin,” I added. The secretary’s eyes pened wide, and then she smiled. I smiled back and 13 fr class. S ended my stry.
I scanned the sixty faces in my ecnmics class at UNLV. Despite the early hur, n ne seemed t be 14 . Smehw, my stry had tuched them. Or maybe it wasn’t the stry at all. In fact, it had all started with a student’s 15 that I was cheerful.
1. A. weekendB. taskC. sleepD. class
2. A. plantedB. remvedC. abandnedD. brightened
3. A. gratefulB. thughtfulC. cheerfulD. delightful
4. A. satisfiedB. warnedC. infrmedD. reminded
5. A. sustainB. apprachC. lengthenD. enjy
6. A. streetB. districtC. pathD. freeway
7. A. antherB. therC. extraD. certain
8. A. turn utB. turn intC. turn verD. turn away
9. A. leftB. grabbedC. cveredD. hid
10. A. secretaryB. cnsultantC. assistantD. minister
11. A. thughtB. suppsedC. cmmittedD. meant
12. A. validB. cnsiderableC. intentinalD. cnvenient
13. A. headedB. inspectedC. sawD. panicked
14. A. alikeB. asleepC. activeD. available
15. A. faithB. prpsalC. bservatinD. emphasis
参考答案与解析
(1)答案：
1. C 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. A 15. D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者遭遇严重车祸，但就在他处于危难和痛苦之中的时候遇到了一位善良的女士。女士的善良重新唤醒了作者对人性的信念。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年3月，在乡间公路上，我开的那辆车和另一辆车发生了严重的撞车事故。A. caught抓住；B. trapped陷入；C. invlved卷入；D.lst迷失。根据句中“a serius crash with anther car”可知，作者的车遭遇撞车事故，结合选项，用动词短语be invlved in...，意为“被卷入……中”，作者的车被卷入一场撞车事故之中是正确的表述。故选C项。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很快发现自己处于混乱的活动中心，周围是医生、警察、救援人员和当地社区的成员。A. fund发现，发觉；B. imagined想象；C. devted致力；D. dreamed梦想。句中“at the centre f a disrder f activity, surrunded by dctrs, plice, rescuers and members f the lcal cmmunity”是作者发生车祸后发现发生在自己身边的事情；find neself in/at/ding... 表示“(突然)发现自己处于某种状态或来到某地方”，通常带有一种出乎意料的意味。故选A项。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们用一个巨大的开罐器把我从破车里弄出来，上了一辆救护车。A. push推；B. frce力量；C. get 使，让；D. turn转变。根据句中“An huge can pener”和“ut f my brken car”可知，作者被卡车里了，需要把他弄出来；get sb. ut f...“使……从……出来”。故选C项。
4. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：他们用一个巨大的开罐器把我从破车里弄出来，送入一辆救护车。A. int到……里面；B. nt到……之上；C. ff从……离开；D. n在……之上。根据句中“an ambulance”和“I was transprted t hspital”下文可知，把作者从车里弄出来后要送进救护车；get sb. int...“让……进入……”。故选A项。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道自己与死神擦肩而过，死里逃生，这支撑着我熬过了在急诊室的漫长等待，并帮助我应对到医院探病的人表现出的明显痛苦。A. beat击败；B. met遇见；C. survived幸存，活下来；D. feared恐惧。根据下文可知，虽然作者遭遇严重车祸，但最后康复了，说明他活了下来。故选C项。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道自己与死神擦肩而过，死里逃生，这支撑着我熬过了在急诊室的漫长等待，并帮助我应对到医院探病的人表现出的明显痛苦。A. advised建议；B. frced强迫；C. rdered命令；D. helped帮助。根据上文“sustained me thrughut the lng wait in the emergency ward”可知，作者知道自己活了下来成为他的精神支柱，支撑着他，也帮助他应对各种问题。故选D项。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：只有在我说服最后一个朋友离开后，我才能把精力集中在内心。A. assist帮助；B. leave离开；C. participate参与；D. cme来。根据句中“I direct my energies inwards”可知，朋友们都离开了，没人打扰，作者才能把精力集中于内心。故选B项。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在住院期间，一位温柔的红十字会女士，穿着白色的衣服，在我视线中进进出出，不时探出头来给我倒茶。A. patient有耐心；B. cheerful愉快的；C. gentle温柔的；D. plite礼貌的。根据下文“I fund myself telling her everything”和“She 12 , quiet and nn-judgmental.”可知，作者愿意向这位红十字会的女士她吐露心声，而且她也只是默默地聆听，由此推知，她一定是一位温柔的女士，值得信任。故选C项。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在住院期间，一位温柔的红十字会女士，穿着白色的衣服，在我视线中进进出出，不时探出头来给我倒茶。A. make制造；B. ffer提供；C. drink饮用；D. take拿取。根据句中“cups f tea”可知，这位女士主动给作者提供茶水。故选B项。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：客人走后，她大胆地走进我的房间，看看我是否安好。A. ensure保证；B. cnsult咨询；C. cnclude结束；D. check查看。根据句中“I was all right”可知，她是来查看作者是否安好。故选D项。
11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现自己把一切都告诉了她：关于事故事带来的震惊，关于因为受伤我对家人的恐惧，关于我的整个人生。A. accident意外；B. incident事件；C. event活动；D. ccasin场合。根据“shck”可知，作者说的是这次撞车事故带给自己的震惊或冲击。故选A项。
12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她静静地听着，不带任何评论。A. puzzled困惑；B. dubted怀疑；C. stpped停止；D. listened倾听。根据下文“quiet and nn-judgmental”可知，作者在倾述时，她只是聆听。故选D项。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使是现在，知道我有她的联系方式也让我感到非常安慰。A. pwer力量；B. belief信仰；C. knwledge知道，了解；D. privilege特权。根据句中同位语从句“that I have her cntact details”可知，这是作者自己知道的事情。故选C项。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我期待着在不久的将来有一天，我的守护天使和我能在更快乐的情况下再次见面。A. happier更快乐；B. unexpected意外的；C. strange奇怪；D. extreme极端。根据上文可知，作者是在自己处于危难和痛苦之中与这位女士相识的，所以句中“a day in the nt-t-distant future when my guardian angel and I can meet again”所说的再次见面的时候应该是自己情况好转或康复了的时候，也就是更快乐的时候。故选A项。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在危机时刻，信念可以支撑我们：对我来说，我对人性的信念，被一个陌生人的善良重新唤醒，帮助我顺利恢复。A. sympathy同情；B. strength力量；C. dnatin捐赠；D. kindness善良。根据上文可知，作者在处于危难和痛苦之中的时候遇到了一位善良的女士，给她提供了帮助，唤醒了他对人性的信念。故选D项。
(2)答案
1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了作者通过主动告诉学生自己犯的错误，不但消除了自己内心的尴尬、沮丧，同时还拉进了自己与学生之间的距离。向他人敞开心扉，不仅可以了解自己，还能将自己与其他的事情联系起来。
1. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：前段时间，一天的教学进行到一半时，一位同事向我指出，我很不小心穿了一双不同的鞋，一只红一只黑。A. impatiently不耐烦地；B. carelessly粗心地；C. quietly安静地；D. slwly缓慢地。根据“wearing a different pair f shes”可知，此处指由于粗心穿错了鞋，故选B。
2. 考查形容词词辨析。句意：我感到很尴尬和沮丧，但我必须这样去教我的课程。A. cnfused困惑的；B. tuched感动的；C. terrified害怕的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。空处和“upset”并列，结合语境可知，穿错鞋应是感到尴尬，故选D。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. aim目的；B. bk书；C. curse课程；D. feeling感觉。根据上文“I gt halfway thrugh a day f teaching”可知，作者一天的教学还没完成，指必须这样去教授课程，故选C。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到我是多么想要消失和避免这种情况时，相反我决定去面对它。A. situatin情况；B. directin方向；C. peratin操作，手术；D. ptin选择。结合语境可知，此处指作者想要避免穿错鞋这种情况，故选A。
5. 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. besides此外；B. mrever而且；C. instead相反；D. therwise否则。根据上文“hw much I wanted t disappear and avid”和“I was determined t face it”可知，前后句是相反的情况，作者想要避免这样的情况，但是决定去面对它，故选C。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走进教室，向同学们宣布我穿了两双不同的鞋，并把他们的注意力引到我的脚上。A. shuted大喊；B. appealed呼吁；C. called打电话；D. annunced宣布。根据“t the students”可知，此处指作者作为老师向同学们宣布自己穿错了鞋，故选D。
7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. beautiful美丽的；B. fancy精致的，奢华的；C. different不同的；D. clrful多彩的。根据上文“I was quite __1__ wearing a different pair f shes”可知，作者穿了两双鞋中的各一只，故选C。
8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，那个班里的一个学生告诉我，那是她第一次想到也许，只是也许，她也可以成为一名教授。A. wrker工人；B. teacher老师；C. student学生；D. peer同龄人。结合上文“t the students that I was wearing tw shes…”以及空后“in that class”可知，作者告诉同学们自己穿错了鞋，此处指班里其中一个学生听完后想到自己以后也可以成为教授，故选C。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我分享了我的错误，因为我意识到试图隐藏它会削弱我专注于教学的能力——但我不知道这也有助于缩短我和学生之间的心理距离。A. shared分享；B. made制作；C. avided避免；D. crrected纠正。结合上文“I walked int class and __6__ t the students that…”可知，作者向同学们分享了自己的错误，故选A。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. physical身体的；B. psychlgical心理的；C. critical关键的；D. ecnmical经济的。根据上文“ me that this was the mment she first thught that...”可知，作者分享错误后，一个学生告诉作者她一次感觉自己也可以成为教授，故此处指缩短了自己和学生之间心理上的距离，故选B。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多情况下，人们会因为犯错而受到惩罚或羞辱。A. recgnize识别；B. stp停止；C. help帮助；D. punish惩罚。根据“shame peple fr making mistakes”可知，犯错误应是会受惩罚，故选D。
12. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们努力避免犯错是因为我们渴望成功，以及别人对我们的错误的反应。A. result frm由于；B. cme ut出现，出版；C. give ff释放，放出；D. take n呈现。结合句意可知，空后表示原因，因为我们渴望成功，所以我们努力避免犯错，故选A。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们确实犯了一些错误，我们可能会感到自我批评和羞耻。A. self-cntrl自我控制；B. self-respect自我尊重；C. self-cnfidence自信；D. self-criticism自我批评。空处和“shame”并列，所以指我们犯错时会自我批评，感到羞愧，故选D。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，犯错误是学习新事物的一部分，它可以拉近我们与他人的距离。A. draw拉（动），（向某个方向）移动；B. frce强迫；C. push推；D. affect影响。结合空后的“us clser t thers”可知，此处指犯错能拉近我们与别人的距离，故选A。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它开启了欣然接受错误的可能性，让我们更开放，更专注于我们正在做的事情。A. clears清理；B. pens打开；C. turns翻转；D. uses使用。根据“letting us be mre pen”可知，它开启了欣然接受错误的可能性，故选B。
(3)答案
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者向学生讲述自己的车子在离学校不远的地方抛锚而没有在高速公路上抛锚，这让作者感到很幸运，从而教导学生应该开朗乐观地对待生活。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周一，一开始上课，我就兴致勃勃地问学生们周末过得怎么样。A. weekend周末；B. task任务；C. sleep睡觉；D. class课。根据后文“One yung man said that his weekend had nt been s gd.(一个年轻人说他的周末过得不太好)”可知，作者问学生们周末过得怎么样。故选A。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拔掉了智齿。A. planted种植；B. remved去除，去掉；C. abandned抛弃；D. cleaned清理。根据前文“his weekend had nt been s gd”和“his wisdm teeth”可知，这个学生拔掉了智齿。故选B。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻人接着问我，为什么我总是显得那么高兴。A. hesitated犹豫；B. happened发生；C. prceeded进行，继续；D. intended打算。根据后文“t ask me why I always seemed t be s cheerful”可知，学生告诉了作者自己的周末过得怎样，接着问作者为什么显得那么高兴。故选C。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的问题让我想起了以前在什么地方读到过的一句话：“每天早上，当你起床时，你都可以选择如何对待这一天的生活，”我说。A. persuaded说服；B. warned警告；C. infrmed通知；D. reminded使……想起。根据后文“smething I’d read smewhere befre: Every mrning when yu get up, yu have a abut hw yu want t apprach life that day.”可知，学生的问题使作者想起这句话。故选D。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，当你起床时，你可以选择如何对待这一天的生活。A. decisin决定；B. chice选择；C. belief信念；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“I chse t be cheerful. (我选择开心度过)”可知，此处指选择如何对待这一天，故选B。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“让我给你们举个例子，”我接着说，面向全班60名学生。A. handing递给；B. mnitring监督；C. directing指导；D. addressing对……讲话，解决。根据上文“Let me give yu an example”指作者继续对着学生讲话，进行举例。故选D。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了在拉斯维加斯大学教书，我还在亨德森的社区大学教书，那里离我家有17英里的高速公路。A. freeway高速公路；B. district区；C. path道路；D. street街道。根据后文“the freeway and turned n t Cllege Drive”可知，那个地方有高速公路。故选A。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我下了高速公路，转到大学路。A. hit打击；B. entered进入；C. exited出去；D. sptted发现。根据后文“the freeway and turned n t Cllege Drive”可知，作者到了自己要教书的大学，所以要下高速，即从高速路出去，故选C。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只需要沿着这条路再开四分之一英里就到了大学。A. extra多余的；B. anther另一个；C. ther其他；D. certain某一个，特定的。根据语境和前文“I drve thse 17 miles t Hendersn. I 8 the freeway and turned nt Cllege Drive”可知，作者需要再开四分之一英里就到学校，这时车坏了，表示“再，另一”，后跟mile为单数，应用anther。故选B。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她很困惑。A. puzzled困惑的；B. relieved安慰的；C. wrried担心的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文““This is my lucky day,” I smiled. (“今天是我的幸运日，”我笑着说)”可知，作者遭遇了一系列不幸的事情，还说是幸运日，所以对方很困惑。故选A。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的车在一个完美的地方抛锚了：离这里不远的高速公路旁。A. lively活泼的；B. inviting诱人的；C. tlerable容忍的；D. perfect完美的。根据后文“ff the freeway, within walking distance f here”以及作者提到汽车在这个地方抛锚比在高速公路上抛锚，对作者来说方便多了，步行就可以去上课，所以认为是完美的抛锚地方。故选D。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车注定今天要抛锚，那就不能安排得更方便了。A. thught想；B. suppsed假设；C. cmmitted承诺；D. meant意思是，打算。根据后文“t break dwn tday, it culdn’t have been arranged in a mre ”可知，指汽车注定要抛锚，be meant t意为“理应发生，注定”。故选D。
13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车注定今天要抛锚，那就没有比这安排得更方便的了。A. cnvenient方便的；B. cnsiderable相当大的；C. effective有效的；D. available可获得的。根据前文“My car brke dwn in : ff the freeway, within walking distance f here.”可知，汽车在这个地方抛锚比在高速公路上抛锚，对作者来说方便多了，步行就可以去上课。故选A。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然是大清早，但是没有一个学生在打盹。A. alne孤独的；B. asleep睡着的；C. active积极的；D. available可获得的，有空的。根据上文“Despite the early hur.”可知，作者的故事感人，所以虽然是一大清早，学生中没人打盹。故选B。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这一切都是从一个学生的观察开始的，他发现我很开朗。A. faith信仰；B. prpsal提议；C. bservatin观察；D. emphasis强调。根据前文“The yung man then 3 t ask me why I always seemed t be s cheerful.”可知，一个学生观察到作者总是很高兴，引发作者讲这个故事。故选C。
(4)答案
1. C 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. A
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己小孩“浪费时间”的事情，发现和成年人不同的是，孩子们能够深深地沉浸在某件事中，并从中获得乐趣。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，当我从足球训练中去接我7岁的儿子时，他一脸沮丧地跟我打招呼。A. appintment约会；B. display展示；C. practice训练；D. experience经历。后文提到“The cach”（教练），由此判断，作者的儿子应该是参加了足球的训练。故选C。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当我从足球训练中去接我7岁的儿子时，他一脸沮丧地跟我打招呼。A. served服务；B. greeted打招呼；C. witnessed目击；D. treated对待。前文提到“I went t get my 7-year-ld sn frm sccer practice”（我从足球训练中去接我7岁的儿子）由此判断，作者接到儿子的时候要打招呼。故选B。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：教练批评他没有把注意力集中在足球训练上。A. envied嫉妒；B. criticized批评；C. prmted提升；D. frgiven原谅。后文提到“fr nt fcusing n his sccer drills”（没有把注意力集中在足球训练上），因为训练时不认真，所以受到教练的批评。故选B。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他低垂着头和肩膀走出了学校。A. hanging垂下；B. settling安置；C. putting放置；D. turning转动。前文提到“the kid greeted me with a dwncast face”（他一脸沮丧地跟我打招呼），被教练批评了之后应该是垂头丧气的样子，肩膀也会下垂。故选A。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他似乎沉浸在悲伤之中。A. shyness害羞；B. weakness虚弱；C. lneliness孤独；D. sadness悲伤。前文提到“He walked ut f the schl with his head and shulders hanging dwn. ”（他低垂着头和肩膀走出了学校。）作者看到儿子垂头丧气，肩膀下垂的样子，以为他是沉浸在悲伤之中。故选D。
6. 考查动词词组辨析。句意：但就在他走到车门前，他突然停了下来，蹲下身子盯着人行道上的什么东西。A. pick up捡起；B. lk fr寻找；C. stare at盯着；D. bring ut出版。后文提到“This is the 8 bug (虫子) I’ve ever seen. ”（这是我见过的虫子），由此判断，作者儿子蹲下来之后是看到了人行道上的虫子，因此是盯着看。故选C。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的脸越垂越低，然后满心欢喜地喊道:“妈妈。到这里来。”A. ears耳朵；B. hands手；C. muth嘴；D. face脸。后文提到“went dwn lwer and lwer”（越来越低），为了看清楚人行道上的虫子，要把脸贴的越来越近越来越低才能看见。故选D。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我见过最奇怪的虫子。A. biggest最大的；B. simplest最简单的；C. strangest最奇怪的；D. dullest最迟钝的。后文提到“It’s amazing.”（太让人震惊了），由此判断，儿子觉得自己看到的虫子是非常奇怪的，因此感到惊讶。故选C。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它好像有几百万条腿。A. eyes眼睛；B. arms手臂；C. legs腿；D. feet脚。后文提到“ I want t find ut what he des with all thse legs.”（我想知道他有这么多腿是干什么用的。）由此判断，儿子应该是观察到虫子的腿，才想要知道这些腿是用来干嘛的。故选C。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他抬头看着我，脸上洋溢着精力和喜悦。A. entertainment娱乐；B. delight喜悦；C. satisfactin满意；D. cnfusin疑惑。前文提到“It’s amazing.”（太让人震惊了）以及“I want t find ut what he des with all thse legs.”（我想知道他有这么多腿是干什么用的。）由此判断，儿子沮丧的心情因为看到了一个奇怪的虫子而恢复过来了，脸上充满了精力和喜悦。故选B。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不能再待一会吗？A. gather集合；B. play玩耍；C. sit坐；D. stay停留。后文提到“I want t find ut what he des with all thse legs.”（我想知道他有这么多腿是干什么用的。），由此判断，儿子想要知道虫子的腿是干什么用的话就要待久一点。故选D。
12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：传统观点认为这样的时刻是不必要的，或者是浪费宝贵的时间。A. practical实际的；B. impssible不可能的；C. accessible可接近的；D. unnecessary不必要的。后文提到“r a waste f valuable time”（或者是浪费宝贵的时间。）由此判断，传统意义上来说是浪费时间的事应该是不必要的。故选D。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而就在那一刻，我突然意识到，孩子与成年人的区别不在于他们的无知，而在于他们享受快乐的能力。A. capacity能力；B. respect尊重；C. effrt努力；D. respnsibility责任。前文提到儿子被教练批评之后垂头丧气，但看见了一只虫子之后重新变得充满精力和开心起来，小孩子会因为一点事就会开心起来，说明小孩子有享受快乐的能力。故选A。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们能够深深地沉浸在某件事情中，并从中获得极大的快乐，这正是成年人用他们的余生去寻找的。A. experienced有经验的；B. absrbed全神贯注的；C. rich富有的；D. skillful熟练的。前文提到“Can’t we stay here fr just a minute? I want t find ut what he des with all thse legs.”（我们不能再待一会吗？我想知道他有这么多腿是干什么用的），由此判断，小孩子会沉迷于自己感兴趣的事情中。故选B。
15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们能够深深地沉浸在某件事情中，并从中获得极大的快乐，这正是成年人用他们的余生去寻找的。A. seeking寻找；B. studying学习；C. missing错过；D. denying否认。小孩子很容易被一些事情吸引并且从中获得乐趣，但人长大后这种能力就逐渐降低，因此成年人要用余生去寻找快乐。故选A。
(5)答案
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者向学生讲述自己的车子在离学校不远的地方抛锚而没有在高速公路上抛锚，这让作者感到很幸运，从而教导学生应该开朗乐观地对待生活。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周一，一开始上课，我就兴致勃勃地问学生们周末过得怎么样。A. weekend周末；B. task任务；C. sleep睡觉；D. class课。根据后文“One yung man said that his weekend had nt been s gd.”可知，作者问学生们周末过得怎么样。故选A项。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拔掉了智齿。A. planted种植；B. remved去除，去掉；C. abandned抛弃；D. brightened更明亮。根据前文“his weekend had nt been s gd”和“his wisdm teeth”可知，这个学生拔掉了智齿。故选B项。
3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那年轻人接着问我，为什么我总是看起来那么高兴。A. grateful感激的；B. thughtful深思熟虑的；C. cheerful高兴的；D. delightful令人愉快的。根据前文“I cheerfully asked my students”和后文“I chse t be cheerful.”可知，学生问作者为什么总是很高兴。故选C项。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的问题让我想起了以前在什么地方读到过的一句话：“每天早上，当你起床时，你都可以选择如何对待这一天的生活，”我说。A. satisfied满意；B. warned警告；C. infrmed通知；D. reminded使……想起。根据后文“smething I’d read smewhere befre: “Every mrning when yu get up, yu have a chice abut hw yu want t 5 life that day”可知，学生的问题使作者想起这句话。故选D项。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的问题让我想起了以前在什么地方读到过的一句话：“每天早上，当你起床时，你都可以选择如何对待这一天的生活，”我说。A. sustain维持；B. apprach接近，着手处理；C. lengthen变长；D. enjy享受。根据前文“yu have a chice abut hw yu want”及后文“life”可知，每天醒来每个人要选择如何对待生活。故选B项。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了在拉斯维加斯大学教书，我还在亨德森的社区大学教书，那里离我家有17英里的高速公路。A. street街道；B. district区；C. path道路；D. freeway高速公路。根据后文“I exited the freeway”可知，那个地方有高速公路。故选D项。
7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只需要沿着这条路再开四分之一英里就到了大学。A. anther另一个；B. ther其他；C. extra多余的；D. certain某一个。根据语境和前文“I drve thse 17 miles t Hendersn. I exited the freeway and turned nt Cllege Drive”可知，作者需要再开四分之一英里就到学校，这时车坏了。故选A项。
8. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我试着再发动一次，但引擎转不起来。A. turn ut结果是；B. turn int变成；C. turn ver翻转；D. turn away拒绝……进入。根据前文“my car died”可知，引擎转不起来。故选C项。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是我开着闪光灯，拿起书本，沿着通往大学的路走去。A. left离开；B. grabbed抓住，拿；C. cvered覆盖；D. hid隐藏。根据语境和后文“marched dwn the rad t the cllege”以及“fr class”可知，作者汽车坏了，拿起教科书，步行去学校上课。故选B项。
10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：教务长办公室的秘书问我发生了什么事。A. secretary秘书；B. cnsultant顾问；C. assistant助手；D. minister部长。根据后文“The secretary’s eyes pened wide”可知，此处指秘书。故选A项。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车注定今天要抛锚，那就不能安排得更方便了。A. thught想；B. suppsed假设；C. cmmitted承诺；D. meant意思是，打算。根据后文“t break dwn tday, it culdn’t have been arranged in a mre 12 fashin”可知，如果是汽车注定要抛锚，be meant t意为“理应发生，注定”。故选D项。
12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我的车注定今天要抛锚，那就没有比这安排得更方便的了。A. valid有效的；B. cnsiderable相当大的；C. intentinal有意的；D. cnvenient方便的。根据前文“My car brke dwn in the perfect place: ff the freeway, within walking distance f here.”可知，汽车在这个地方抛锚比在高速公路上抛锚，对作者来说方便多了，步行就可以去上课。故选D项。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也笑了笑，然后去上课了。A. headed朝(某方向)行进；B. inspected检查；C. saw看见；D. panicked恐慌。根据语境和后文“fr class”可知，作者去上课了。故选A项。
14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然是大清早，但是没有一个学生在打盹。A. alike类似；B. asleep睡着的；C. active积极的；D. available可获得的。根据后文“Smehw, my stry had tuched them.”可知，作者的故事感人，学生中没人打盹。故选B项。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这一切都是从一个学生的观察开始的，他发现我很开朗。A. faith信仰；B. prpsal提议；C. bservatin观察；D. emphasis强调。根据前文“The yung man then prceeded t ask me why I always seemed t be s 3 .”可知，一个学生观察到作者总是很高兴，引发作者讲这个故事。故选C项。卷别
体裁
题材
词数
动词(短语)
名词
形容词
副词
介词
连词
2023新高考I卷
记叙文
越野赛经历
225
7
7
1
0
0
0
2023新高考II卷
记叙文
帮狗狗与主人团聚
209
7
3
4
1
0
0
2023全国甲卷
记叙文
不能以外表来判断食物
249
9
4
6
0
1
0
2023全国乙卷
记叙文
美国体操运动员Duglas
244
12
3
4
1
0
0
2022新高考I卷
记叙文
宿营的乐趣
218
5
5
3
1
1
0
2022新高考II卷
记叙文
新型旅行方式
209
5
6
4
0
0
0
2022全国甲卷
记叙文
因狗结缘
277
8
7
1
3
0
0
2022全国乙卷
说明文
玩捉迷藏
261
7
7
4
2
0
0
2021新高考I卷
记叙文
我的故事
230
9
4
2
0
0
0
2021新高考II卷
记叙文
警察成功破案
192
7
7
1
0
0
0
2021全国甲卷
记叙文
入住经历
242
10
5
4
1
0
0
2021全国乙卷
夹叙夹议
表达感谢
261
10
7
1
2
0
0
2020全国卷I
记叙文
不要说谎
251
6
8
3
2
1
0
2020全国卷II
记叙文
名画真迹
287
11
4
3
2
0
0
2020全国卷III
记叙文
难对付的顾客
265
8
3
6
1
2
0
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