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新教材2023版高中英语Unit4JourneyAcrossaVastLandSectionⅡLearningAboutLanguage课件新人教版选择性必修第二册
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这是一份新教材2023版高中英语Unit4JourneyAcrossaVastLandSectionⅡLearningAboutLanguage课件新人教版选择性必修第二册，共16页。
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language语法专项突破过去分词(短语)作表语和状语[自主感知]①The next day was clear and mild, and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.②Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.③However, they did not anticipate seeing such an open country, and were truly amazed.④For both of them, the thought of crossing the whole country by rail was exciting.⑤Before starting out, they spent a couple of days in Vancouver, seeing the sights. [自我发现]1．句①和句③中， 黑体词都是形容词化的过去分词， 在句中作________， 表示主语的性质或所处的状态。2．句②中的过去分词短语在句中作________。作状语用的过去分词(短语)和句子的主语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系， 或称为________关系。3．句④中的黑体词是-ing形式作________。4．句⑤中的黑体部分是-ing短语作________。表语状语被动表语状语[语法规则]一、过去分词作表语1．意义：用在系动词后面， 构成系表结构， 表示主语所处的状态， 此时过去分词大多已变成了形容词。When we heard of it, we were deeply moved.当我们听说这件事时， 我们深受感动。The frightened look on her face suggested that she was frightened by the frightening scene.她脸上害怕的表情表明她被这恐怖的场面吓着了。2．过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。这一结构从形式上与被动语态相同， 但被动语态强调主语所承受的动作。试比较：The book is well written.这本书写得好。(作表语，表示状态)The book was written by a soldier.这本书是由一位士兵写的。(被动语态， 强调动作) [巧学活用1]——用所给动词的正确形式填空①They became so ________ (worry)that they stayed awake all night.②The situation became so ________ (worry)that something should be done at once.③When he heard the ________ story, he was deeply ________ (move)．④Tom was more ________ (surprise) than ___________ (disappoint) at this news.⑤We got a little________ (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.worriedworryingmovingmovedSurprised disappointedsunburnt二、过去分词作状语1．过去分词作状语的具体用法表示被动的或完成的动作，这时句子的主语和过去分词之间为逻辑上的被动关系。而现在分词(短语)作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。Written in a hurry, this article was not so good.因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。Deeply moved by the film, the children began to cry.孩子们被这部电影深深打动，哭了起来。过去分词通常在句中作时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、让步状语、方式状语和伴随状语等。(1)过去分词作时间状语，在句中相当于一个时间状语从句。Asked about his address(＝When he was asked about his address), the little boy didn't respond.问及他的地址时，小男孩没有作答。(2)过去分词作原因状语，在句中相当于一个原因状语从句。Annoyed at the decision(＝As he was annoyed at the decision), he refused to attend the meeting.由于对这个决定很生气，他拒绝参加会议。(3)过去分词作条件状语，在句中相当于一个条件状语从句。Given more time(＝If they were given more time), the trees could grow taller.如果再多给一点时间，这些树会长得更高。(4)过去分词作让步状语，在句中相当于一个让步状语从句。Left (＝Although he was left) alone at home, John didn't feel afraid at all.虽然约翰被单独留在家里，但他一点都不害怕。(5)过去分词作方式、伴随状语。Followed by a group of students, the teacher entered the classroom.＝The teacher entered the classroom and he was followed by a group of students.老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。(6)“连词＋过去分词”结构过去分词作状语时，前面有时可以加上when, if, while, though, even if, until, unless等连词， 这种结构可以看作是一种省略的状语从句(省略部分多为“主语＋be的多种形式”)。需要注意的是， 省略的主语必须和主句的主语相同或是it。Even if invited (＝Even if I'm invited), I won't take part in the party.即使受到邀请， 我也不会参加这个聚会的。[名师提醒] 过去分词(短语)作状语表状态部分过去分词来源于系表结构， 作状语时不表示“被动关系”， 而是表示状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost in(陷入某种状态)、seated(坐着的)、hidden(躲着)、absorbed in(沉溺于)、dressed in(穿着)、tired of(厌烦了)等。 Lost/Absorbed in deep thought, she didn't hear the sound.由于陷入沉思， 所以她没有听到那个声音。Dressed in a new dress, she looks very beautiful.穿着一件新衣服， 她看上去很漂亮。[巧学活用2]——同义句转换①Seen from the top of the mountain, the whole town looks more beautiful.→_________________________________，the whole town looks more beautiful.②The teacher came into the room, and was followed by two students.→The teacher came into the room, ___________________．③When they were asked who had broken the vase, the children all kept silent.→____________________________， the children all kept silent.When it is seen from the top of the mountainfollowed by two studentsWhen asked who had broken the vase2．过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系， 即表示被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系， 即表示主动。[巧学助记] 分词作状语记忆口诀分词作状语，主语是问题。前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出后，再来判关系。主动用-ing, 被动用-ed。Used for a long time, the book looks old.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去陈旧了。Using the book, I find it very useful.在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。Following the students, the headteacher entered the classroom.跟着学生，班主任进了教室。Followed by the students, the headteacher entered the classroom.被学生跟着，班主任进了教室。[巧学活用3]——单句语法填空①________ (impress) by the beautiful scenery, I forgot to go back home in time.②________ (look) out of the window, I found many children playing on the playground.③The old man walked into the room, ________ (support) by his son.④____________ (represent) our school, I am glad to tell you something about these activities.⑤________ (grow) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.ImpressedLookingsupportedRepresentingGrown
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language语法专项突破过去分词(短语)作表语和状语[自主感知]①The next day was clear and mild, and they were pleased to see the beautiful mountains looking out over the city.②Seen from the train window, the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.③However, they did not anticipate seeing such an open country, and were truly amazed.④For both of them, the thought of crossing the whole country by rail was exciting.⑤Before starting out, they spent a couple of days in Vancouver, seeing the sights. [自我发现]1．句①和句③中， 黑体词都是形容词化的过去分词， 在句中作________， 表示主语的性质或所处的状态。2．句②中的过去分词短语在句中作________。作状语用的过去分词(短语)和句子的主语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系， 或称为________关系。3．句④中的黑体词是-ing形式作________。4．句⑤中的黑体部分是-ing短语作________。表语状语被动表语状语[语法规则]一、过去分词作表语1．意义：用在系动词后面， 构成系表结构， 表示主语所处的状态， 此时过去分词大多已变成了形容词。When we heard of it, we were deeply moved.当我们听说这件事时， 我们深受感动。The frightened look on her face suggested that she was frightened by the frightening scene.她脸上害怕的表情表明她被这恐怖的场面吓着了。2．过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。这一结构从形式上与被动语态相同， 但被动语态强调主语所承受的动作。试比较：The book is well written.这本书写得好。(作表语，表示状态)The book was written by a soldier.这本书是由一位士兵写的。(被动语态， 强调动作) [巧学活用1]——用所给动词的正确形式填空①They became so ________ (worry)that they stayed awake all night.②The situation became so ________ (worry)that something should be done at once.③When he heard the ________ story, he was deeply ________ (move)．④Tom was more ________ (surprise) than ___________ (disappoint) at this news.⑤We got a little________ (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.worriedworryingmovingmovedSurprised disappointedsunburnt二、过去分词作状语1．过去分词作状语的具体用法表示被动的或完成的动作，这时句子的主语和过去分词之间为逻辑上的被动关系。而现在分词(短语)作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。Written in a hurry, this article was not so good.因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。Deeply moved by the film, the children began to cry.孩子们被这部电影深深打动，哭了起来。过去分词通常在句中作时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、让步状语、方式状语和伴随状语等。(1)过去分词作时间状语，在句中相当于一个时间状语从句。Asked about his address(＝When he was asked about his address), the little boy didn't respond.问及他的地址时，小男孩没有作答。(2)过去分词作原因状语，在句中相当于一个原因状语从句。Annoyed at the decision(＝As he was annoyed at the decision), he refused to attend the meeting.由于对这个决定很生气，他拒绝参加会议。(3)过去分词作条件状语，在句中相当于一个条件状语从句。Given more time(＝If they were given more time), the trees could grow taller.如果再多给一点时间，这些树会长得更高。(4)过去分词作让步状语，在句中相当于一个让步状语从句。Left (＝Although he was left) alone at home, John didn't feel afraid at all.虽然约翰被单独留在家里，但他一点都不害怕。(5)过去分词作方式、伴随状语。Followed by a group of students, the teacher entered the classroom.＝The teacher entered the classroom and he was followed by a group of students.老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。(6)“连词＋过去分词”结构过去分词作状语时，前面有时可以加上when, if, while, though, even if, until, unless等连词， 这种结构可以看作是一种省略的状语从句(省略部分多为“主语＋be的多种形式”)。需要注意的是， 省略的主语必须和主句的主语相同或是it。Even if invited (＝Even if I'm invited), I won't take part in the party.即使受到邀请， 我也不会参加这个聚会的。[名师提醒] 过去分词(短语)作状语表状态部分过去分词来源于系表结构， 作状语时不表示“被动关系”， 而是表示状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost in(陷入某种状态)、seated(坐着的)、hidden(躲着)、absorbed in(沉溺于)、dressed in(穿着)、tired of(厌烦了)等。 Lost/Absorbed in deep thought, she didn't hear the sound.由于陷入沉思， 所以她没有听到那个声音。Dressed in a new dress, she looks very beautiful.穿着一件新衣服， 她看上去很漂亮。[巧学活用2]——同义句转换①Seen from the top of the mountain, the whole town looks more beautiful.→_________________________________，the whole town looks more beautiful.②The teacher came into the room, and was followed by two students.→The teacher came into the room, ___________________．③When they were asked who had broken the vase, the children all kept silent.→____________________________， the children all kept silent.When it is seen from the top of the mountainfollowed by two studentsWhen asked who had broken the vase2．过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系， 即表示被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系， 即表示主动。[巧学助记] 分词作状语记忆口诀分词作状语，主语是问题。前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出后，再来判关系。主动用-ing, 被动用-ed。Used for a long time, the book looks old.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去陈旧了。Using the book, I find it very useful.在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。Following the students, the headteacher entered the classroom.跟着学生，班主任进了教室。Followed by the students, the headteacher entered the classroom.被学生跟着，班主任进了教室。[巧学活用3]——单句语法填空①________ (impress) by the beautiful scenery, I forgot to go back home in time.②________ (look) out of the window, I found many children playing on the playground.③The old man walked into the room, ________ (support) by his son.④____________ (represent) our school, I am glad to tell you something about these activities.⑤________ (grow) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.ImpressedLookingsupportedRepresentingGrown
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