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新教材2023版高中英语Unit1ScienceandScientistsSectionⅢUsingLanguage课件新人教版选择性必修第二册
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这是一份新教材2023版高中英语Unit1ScienceandScientistsSectionⅢUsingLanguage课件新人教版选择性必修第二册，共57页。
Section Ⅲ Using Language课前预习设计课堂提升素养课前预习设计自读课文 疏通文脉大意Read the text on Pages 7～9 carefully and then choose the best answer.1．Why did Qian Xuesen change his major to aviation?A．Because he was not interested in his former major.B．Because he could get a well-paid job in the future.C．Because he felt it his duty to help his homeland.D．Because the country asked him to do so.C2．What made Qian Xuesen so creative and outstanding according to the text?A．His strong interest in art like music and drawing.B．His research in the United States.C．His friends' encouragement.D．His habit of reading a lot.A3．How long did Qian Xuesen stay in the United States?A．About 15 years. B．About 20 years.C．About 25 years. D．About 30 years.B4．Which of the following is True about Hawking?A．He was born disabled.B．He was afraid to admit his faults.C．He was brave, determined as well as brilliant.D．He subscribed to the theory holding that the universe has no beginning or end.C精读课文 疏通理解障碍[读文清障]①aerospace ['eərəʊspeɪs] n．航空航天工业②have an impact on对……有影响③patriotic [ˌpeɪtri'ɒtɪk] adj.爱国的patriot n．爱国者④devotion n．奉献，献身⑤well-respected adj.受人尊敬的⑥attend school上学⑦mechanical [mə'kænɪkl] adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的mechanic [mə'kænɪk] n．机械师；机械修理工⑧break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发⑨switch...to...把……转换到……⑩aviation [ˌeɪvi'eɪʃn] n．航空制造业；航空；飞行⑪air force空军⑫defend [dɪ'fend] vt.保卫；防守；辩解defend...against...保护……免受……的伤害defence n．防御；保护；辩护⑬pursue graduate studies攻读研究生⑭over the course of在……的过程中⑮pioneer n．先锋⑯jet [dʒet] n．喷气式飞机⑰assistant [ə'sɪstənt] n．助理；助手graduate assistant研究生助理assist vt.帮助；促进⑱conduct research进行研究⑲propulsion n．推进⑳leading adj.最重要的；一流的㉑space-exploration n．太空探索㉒overcome difficulties克服困难㉓in charge of主管；掌管；负责in the charge of由……掌管；由……负责㉔missile ['mɪsaɪl] n．导弹㉕undeveloped adj.不发达的㉖nevertheless adv.然而，不过；尽管如此㉗discourage sb. from doing sth.阻碍某人做某事㉘take on承担；呈现㉙leadership ['liːdəʃɪp] n．领导；领导地位；领导才能under sb.'s leadership在某人的领导下㉚launch v．发射；发起，发动launch its first man-made satellite发射第一颗人造卫星㉛trace [treɪs] vt.追溯；追踪；查出 n．痕迹；遗迹；踪迹trace back to追溯到㉜knowledgeable adj.知识渊博的㉝in the area of frontier science research在前沿科学研究领域㉞outstanding [aʊt'stændɪ] adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的stand out脱颖而出；突出㉟appreciation n．欣赏；感谢㊱inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞㊲sadden vt.使悲伤(常用于被动语态)[原文呈现]THE FATHER OF CHINA'S AEROSPACE①Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on② China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit” who was patriotic③ and served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion④ [1], Qian was an extremely well-respected⑤ man.[1]此处过去分词短语“Described by...”作状语，其中包含一个由who引导的定语从句，与介词短语with“great scientific thought and scientific spirit”共同修饰a man。Born in Shanghai in 1911 [2], Qian attended schools⑥ in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical⑦ Engineering. However, after the Songhu Battle broke out⑧ in 1932, Qian made the decision to switch his major to⑨ aviation⑩ because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force⑪ to protect and defend⑫ the country [3].[2]此处是过去分词短语作状语。[3]此处是because引导的原因状语从句，其中包含一个由that引导的宾语从句；to protect and defend the country是动词不定式短语作目的状语。Qian went to the United States in 1935 to pursue his graduate studies⑬[4]. Over the course of⑭ the 1930s and 1940s, Qian became a pioneer⑮ in American jet⑯ and rocket technology. As a graduate assistant⑰ at the California Institute of Technology during the 1930s, Qian helped conduct important research⑱ into rocket propulsion⑲， and in the 1940s, he and several other people founded the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, now one of NASA's leading⑳ space-exploration㉑centres [5].[4]此处是动词不定式短语作目的状语。[5]此处作Jet Propulsion Laboratory的同位语。After overcoming some difficulties㉒during his final few years in the US, Qian returned to China in 1955. He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of ㉓not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile㉔programme [6]. At that time, China was poor and its rocket science was undeveloped㉕. No institute or university in China offered rocket science as a major, and there were no talents or experts in this field in China. Nevertheless㉖, Qian did not let that discourage㉗him from taking on㉘the challenge. When asked “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles？” [7], his reply was a determined “Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things that other people make.”[6]此处是not only...but also...连接两个并列成分作介词of的宾语。[7]此处是状语从句的省略形式。Under Qian's leadership㉙, China developed the Dongfeng missiles, followed by the first generation of Long March rockets [8]. In 1970, China successfully launched㉚its first man-made satellite, Dong Fang Hong Ⅰ， from a Long March rocket. Because much of the technology behind the Shenzhou rockets can also be traced㉛back to Qian's research [9], Qian earned the name of “the father of China's aerospace”．[8]此处是过去分词短语作定语。[9]此处是because引导的原因状语从句。Qian read a lot and was extremely knowledgeable㉜, especially in the area of frontier science research㉝. However, what might have made him such an outstanding㉞and creative scientist [10] was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. His deep appreciation㉟for art often gave him inspiration㊱in his scientific research.[10]此处是what引导的主语从句。On 31 October 2009, the whole country was saddened㊲ by Qian's death, and people honoured and remembered him in different ways.[课文翻译]中国航天之父也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。钱学森备受人们的尊敬，《钱学森的故事》一书的作者称他为一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人，并且他热爱祖国、甘于奉献、成就斐然。钱学森1911年出生于上海，在北京上学，之后进入上海交通大学学习铁路机械工程。然而，在1932年淞沪抗战爆发后，钱学森决定转而学习航空专业，因为他意识到中国需要拥有自己强大的空军来保护和保卫国家。钱学森于1935年赴美攻读研究生。在二十世纪三四十年代，钱学森成为美国喷气式飞机和火箭技术的先驱。二十世纪三十年代，钱学森作为加州理工学院的研究生助理，帮助进行了火箭推进的重要研究。二十世纪四十年代，他和其他几个人建立了喷气推进实验室，现在是美国国家航空航天局最重要的太空探索中心之一。在美国的最后几年，钱学森克服了一些困难后，于1955年回到中国。他受到了来自祖国的对待英雄般的欢迎，不仅负责发展中国的火箭科学，而且负责中国的太空和导弹计划。当时，中国很贫穷，火箭技术也不发达。中国没有任何学院或大学开设火箭科学专业，也没有这一领域的人才或专家。尽管如此，钱学森并没有因此而放弃挑战。当被问及“我们中国人可能制造导弹吗？”，他的回答是坚决的：“为什么不能呢？我们中国人能制造出和别人制造的一样的东西。”在钱学森的领导下，中国研发了东风导弹，随后是第一代长征火箭。1970年，中国成功地用长征火箭发射了第一颗人造卫星“东方红一号”。因为神舟火箭背后的许多技术也可以追溯到钱学森的研究，所以钱学森赢得了“中国航天之父”的称号。钱学森博览群书，知识渊博，尤其是在前沿科学研究领域。然而，使他成为如此杰出和有创造力的科学家的(原因)可能是他对其他事物的强烈兴趣，如音乐和绘画。他对艺术的深刻鉴赏力常常给他的科学研究带来灵感。2009年10月31日，钱学森去世，举国上下悲痛不已，人们用不同的方式纪念他。[读文清障]①gifted ['ɡɪftɪd] adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的gift n．天赋；天才talented adj.有才能的；天才的②be familiar with熟悉……be familiar to为……所熟悉③come down患(病)；染上(小病)④muscle n．肌肉⑤abstract ['æbstrækt] adj.抽象的；理论上的n．(文献等的)摘要concrete adj.具体的⑥achieve fame获得名声；成名⑦in general总的来说；通常⑧steady ['stedi] adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的steadily adv.稳定地；稳固地⑨concept ['kɒnsept] n．概念；观念⑩question and answer period问答环节⑪stand up站立，站起来⑫point out指出⑬correct vt.改正⑭astronomer [ə'strɒnəmə(r)] n.天文学家astronomy [ə'strɒnəmi] n．天文学astronaut n．宇航员⑮telescope ['telɪskəʊp] n．望远镜⑯besides [bɪ'saɪdz] prep.除……之外(还) adv.而且；此外⑰brilliant ['brɪliənt] adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的brilliance n．才华；光辉⑱be willing to do sth.愿意做某事⑲furthermore [ˌfɜːðə'mɔː(r)] adv.此外；再者⑳above all最重要的是；尤其是㉑fault [fɔːlt] n．弱点；过错find fault with挑剔；批评；抱怨㉒combination n．结合；联合㉓characteristic n．特点，特征[原文呈现]A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHTStephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted① scientists in physics. Most people are familiar with② images of him in his wheelchair, unable to move and using a computer to talk [1]. Since he came down③ with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles④ [2], his world became one of abstract⑤ thought.[1]此处是现在分词短语与“unable to move”并列作定语，修饰images of him。[2]此处是since引导的时间状语从句，其中包含一个由which引导的定语从句，修饰a disease。Hawking first achieved fame⑥ when he was still healthy enough to walk [3], as a graduate student in physics at Cambridge University in 1964. In general⑦， there were two main theories on the origin of the universe. The first was the steady⑧ state theory, which holds that the universe has no beginning or end [4]. The other was the big bang theory, which holds that the universe began at a single point in time and space [5]. The biggest champion of the steady state concept⑨ was Fred Hoyle, a professor at Cambridge [6]. During the question and answer period⑩ after one of Hoyle's lectures, Hawking stood up⑪ and pointed out⑫ that Hoyle had made a mistake in his maths. Once the maths was corrected⑬， it showed that the big bang theory—and not the steady state theory—was true.[7] Hawking's own work on the big bang theory was soon proven by astronomers⑭ with telescopes⑮. A star was born.[3]此处是when引导的时间状语从句。[4]此处是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the steady state theory。[5]此处是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the big bang theory。[6]此处作Fred Hoyle的同位语。[7]本句是一个复合句。“Once the...corrected”是once引导的时间状语从句；“that the...was true”是that引导的宾语从句。So, what made Stephen Hawking a genius？Besides⑯ being brilliant⑰， he was brave, though sometimes careless in what he said or did [8]. He was willing to say⑱ what others were afraid to say [9], and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about [10]. Furthermore⑲， he was quite determined. This had helped him as a scientist, and had helped him even more in his fight against his disease. Above all⑳， Hawking was willing to admit his faults㉑. This odd combination㉒of characteristics㉓ had made him one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries.[8]此处though后省略了he was; what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语。[9]此处是what引导的宾语从句。[10]此处是what引导的宾语从句，作介词of的宾语。[课文翻译]一个纯粹思想的世界史蒂芬·霍金是最有名和最有天赋的物理学家之一。大多数人都对他坐在轮椅上无法移动、用电脑说话的画面很熟悉。自从得了一种使他失去大部分肌肉功能的疾病后，他的世界就变成了一个抽象的思想世界。霍金第一次出名是在1964年，当时他还是剑桥大学物理系的研究生，身体还算健康能够走路。一般来说，关于宇宙的起源有两种主要的理论。第一个是稳态理论，该理论认为宇宙没有起点和终点。另一个理论是大爆炸理论，该理论认为宇宙始于时间和空间的一个单一点。剑桥大学教授弗雷德·霍伊尔是稳态理论最有力的支持者。在霍伊尔的一次讲座结束后的问答环节中，霍金站了起来，指出霍伊尔在计算中犯了一个错误。一旦该计算问题被修正，它就证明大爆炸理论才是正确的，而不是稳态理论。霍金自己对大爆炸理论的研究很快就被天文学家用望远镜证实了。一个明星诞生了。那么，是什么让史蒂芬·霍金成为一个天才的呢？除了聪明以外，他还很勇敢，虽然有时说话或做事会粗心。他愿意说别人不敢说的话，梦想别人不敢梦想的东西。此外，他很坚定。这对他作为一名科学家很有帮助，而且对他与疾病做斗争的帮助更大。最重要的是，霍金愿意承认自己的错误。这些性格的奇怪组合使他成为二十世纪和二十一世纪最伟大的思想家之一。Ⅰ.核心词汇根据语境写出正确的单词1．________ bridge 彩虹桥2．China's ________ science 中国的航天科学3．________ youth 爱国青年4．________ back to Qian's research 追溯到钱学森的研究5．an __________ and creative scientist 一位杰出的有创造力的科学家rainbowaerospacepatriotictraceoutstanding6．________ thought 抽象思考7．a ________ performance 一场精彩的表演8．my own ________ 我的过错9．dramatic ________ 巨大的转变10．under Qian's __________ 在钱学森的领导下11．________ down 倾盆而下12．a ________ explanation 具体的解释abstractbrilliantfaultshiftleadershippourconcreteⅡ.拓展词汇根据提示写出相应的单词1．________ ['faɪndɪ] n．发现；调查结果；(法律)判决→find v．发现→finder n．发现者2．________ [ɪ'nɪʃl] adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→initially adv.起初3．________ [mə'kænɪkl] adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的→mechanic n．机械师；机械修理工4．________ [dɪ'fend] vt.保卫；防守；辩解→defence n．防护；辩护5．________ [ə'sɪstənt] n．助理；助手adj.助理的；副的→assist v．帮助；协助；援助→assistance n．帮助；协助；支持findinginitialmechanicaldefendassistant6．________ ['liːdəʃɪp] n．领导；领导地位；领导才能→lead v．领导；带领→leader n．领导→leading adj.最好的；最重要的7．________ ['ɡɪftɪd] adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→gift n．礼物；天赋8．________ ['stedi] adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→steadily adv.平稳地；持续地9．________ [ə'strɒnəmə(r)] n．天文学家→astronomy n．天文学10．________ ['vɪvɪd] adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→vividly adv.生动地leadershipgiftedsteadyastronomervividⅢ.重点短语1．________________ (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发2．________________ 主管；掌管3．________________ 最重要的是；尤其是4．________________ 改变……到……5．________________ 患(病)；染上(小病)6．__________________ 从事……的研究7．______________________ 阻止某人做某事8．________________ 追溯到break outin charge ofabove allswitch...to...come downconduct research into/ondiscourage sb. from doing sth.trace back toⅣ.重点句型1．[句型]“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义[教材]Perhaps no other scientist ____________________ China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。2．[句型]not only...but also...[教材]He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of ___________________________________ its space and missile programme.他受到了来自祖国的英雄般的欢迎。他不仅被任命负责发展中国的火箭科学，还负责中国的太空和导弹项目。has had a greater impact onnot only developing China's rocket science but also3．[句型]过去分词作伴随状语[教材]Under Qian's leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles, ________________________ of Long March rockets.在钱学森的领导下，中国研制出了“东风”导弹，随后又研制出第一代“长征”系列火箭。4．[句型]what引导的宾语从句[教材]Besides being brilliant, he was brave, though sometimes careless in _______________．除了聪明以外，他还很勇敢，尽管有时说话或做事会粗心。followed by the first generationwhat he said or did5．[句型]make＋宾语＋宾补[教材]However, what might have _______________________________ _______ was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing.然而，使他成为如此杰出和有创造力的科学家的(原因)可能是他对其他事物的强烈兴趣，如音乐和绘画。made him such an outstanding and creativescientist课堂提升素养探究新知 发展语言知识1(教材P7)A non-Newtonian fluid is strange because you can pour it like a liquid, but if you put any pressure on it, it suddenly becomes hard as concrete.非牛顿流体很奇怪，因为你可以像倒液体一样把它倒出来，但是如果你对它施加任何压力，它会突然变得像混凝土一样坚硬。◎pour vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)；涌出；(雨)倾盆而下pour in/into 涌进pour out 倒出，涌出pour down (雨)倾盆而下[佳句] The Great Wall is such a well-known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.长城是一个如此著名的旅游景点，以至于每年都有数以百万计的游客蜂拥而至。[练通]——单句语法填空①We were about to go out when it suddenly poured ________．②Letters of complaint continued to pour ________， which made us upset.[写美]——完成句子③狂热的足球迷们疯狂地欢呼着从体育场蜂拥而出。(读后续写之动作描写)The crazy football fans ____________________， cheering wildly.downinpoured out of the stadium2(教材P7)However, after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932, Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country.然而，1932年“淞沪会战”爆发后，钱学森决定转学航空专业，因为他意识到中国需要强大的空军来保护和保卫国家。◎break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发break away from 脱离/挣脱……break down 出故障；坏掉；失败；(身体等)垮掉；消除break in 插话；破门而入break into 破门而入break up 打碎；结束；(关系等)破裂[佳句] I was in charge of putting out the fire that broke out in our office yesterday.我负责扑灭昨天我们办公室发生的火灾。[练通]——单句语法填空①[2020·浙江卷读后续写]The fierce bear bit the fence and was eager to break ________， so I stood there frozen with terror.②When the war broke ________， the outstanding mechanic seemed to have become another man, frustrated.③I am terribly sorry to hear that Sue and Mary have broken ________．[写美]——微写作④[2021·浙江6月卷读后续写]爸爸开的卡车经常在路上抛锚，这让我爸爸陷入了麻烦之中。The truck my dad drove often ___________________， which made my dad in trouble.inoutupbroke down on the way◎defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解(1)defend...from/against... 保护……免受……的伤害defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫(2)defence n. 防卫；保护；辩护in defence of 保护；为……辩护in one's defence 为某人辩护；站在某人一边[佳句] Mac jumped off the bike, seized the bike and threw it to the wolf with all his strength to defend himself.马克跳下自行车，抓起自行车，用尽全力把它扔向狼来自卫。(读后续写之肢体动作描写)[练通]——单句语法填空⑤She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if ________ defence.⑥The Great Wall was built from the Qin Dynasty and its purpose was ________ (defend) their own territories from/against the invasion of their enemies.[写美]——一句多译看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。⑦Seeing the fierce snake, he rushed ________________ like an arrow. (defend vt.)⑧Seeing the fierce snake, he rushed ________________ like an arrow. (defence n．)into defendto defend his sonin defence of his son3(教材P8)He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme.他受到了来自祖国的英雄般的欢迎。他不仅被任命负责发展中国的火箭科学，还负责中国的太空和导弹项目。◎in charge of主管；掌管；负责(1)in the charge of 由……负责；被……掌管take charge of 负责/看管(表动作)free of charge 免费(2)charge (sb.) for sth. 为……(向某人)收费/要价charge sb. with (doing) sth. 指控某人(做)某事[佳句] I will be in charge of the English speech competition, which makes me greatly honored.我将负责英语演讲比赛，这使我非常荣幸。[练通]——猜猜加黑词charge的含义①The outstanding scientist is in charge of handling the matter. ____________②I will charge you one thousand yuan for curing your severe disease. ____________③Tears of sadness and terror poured down the boy's cheeks, because he was charged with stealing the gold ring without solid proof.____________④The kind-hearted mechanic helped charge my phone.____________⑤He rose to his feet, charged through the door and disappeared in the darkness.____________负责收费控告(给……)充电向……冲去[写美]——一句多译作为学生会主席，我被委派负责你在天津逗留期间的所有活动。(应用文之活动安排)⑥As chairman of the Student Association, I was appointed ________________________________ during your stay in Tianjin.⑦As chairman of the Student Association, I was appointed ________________________________ during your stay in Tianjin.to take charge of arranging all the activitiesto be in charge of arranging all the activities◎句型公式：“not only...but also...”意为“不但……而且……”(1)“not only...but also...”连接两个并列成分，如两个主语、宾语、状语等；(2)“not only...but also...”连接两个分句，且“not only...”位于句首时，该句要部分倒装；(3)“not only...but also...”连接两个词作主语时，要根据but also后的名词决定谓语动词的单复数形式，即遵循“就近一致”原则。[佳句] From this voluntary activity, not only did I broaden my horizons but also I gained valuable experience.通过这次志愿活动，我不仅开阔了视野，而且获得了宝贵的经验。[写美]——一句多译[2020·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达]通过这次活动，我们不仅获得了园艺知识，而且对大自然有了更好的了解。⑧We______________________________________________________ nature from this activity.⑨________________________________________________________________ from this activity.(倒装)not only gained knowledge of gardening but also had a better understanding of Not only did we gain knowledge of gardening but also had a better understanding of nature [佳句] You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip enjoyable and worthwhile.要使你的旅行愉快且值得，你就必须留心观察。[练通]——单句语法填空①The man made ________ clear that he wouldn't accept the task.②Though he has often made his little sister ________， today he is made ________ by his little sister. (cry)[写美]——微写作③我的德语不太好，但我能让别人理解我的意思。I'm not very good at German, but I can ___________________．itcryto crymake myself understood5(教材P8)Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted scientists in physics.史蒂芬·霍金是最有名和最有天赋的物理学家之一。◎gifted adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的(1)be gifted in/at... 在……方面有天赋(2)gift/talent n. 礼物；天赋have a gift/talent for... 有……天赋[佳句] Brian is gifted in writing music, and he is very likely to be a Beethoven.布莱恩在创作音乐方面很有天赋，他很有可能成为贝多芬。[练通]——单句语法填空①I never doubt that special classes can help the ________ (gift) children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner.②The musician is a man of many ________ (gift), who had a gift ________ music when he was a child, and now he is ________ (gift) in playing the piano.[写美]——微写作③观众送给那个有音乐天赋的年轻天才女孩儿一些精美的礼物。The gifted young girl ___________________ was presented with some wonderful gifts by the audience.giftedgiftsforgiftedwho has a gift for music6(教材P9)Above all, Hawking was willing to admit his faults.最重要的是，霍金愿意承认自己的错误。◎above all最重要的是；尤其是after all 毕竟；终究all in all 整体说来；总而言之in all 全部；合计at all (否定句)一点也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟first of all 首先[佳句] If you want to achieve success, above all, you must be strict with yourself.如果你想取得成功，最重要的是你必须严格要求自己。[练通]——用all的相关短语填空①The university I recommend to you is Beijing Language and Culture University. _________， you'd better learn some basic Chinese before you come. ________， you will be under completely unfamiliar circumstances. ________， studying for a degree in a different culture is not easy ______. (应用文之推荐大学)[写美]——应用文之投稿②[2022·全国甲卷]总之，现在是我们致力于保护海洋的时候了。________， _______________ we devoted ourselves to protecting ocean.First of allAfter allAll in allat allAll in allit is high time that◎fault n．弱点；过错It is one's fault 是某人的过错。find fault with 挑剔，挑……的毛病[佳句] He likes to find fault with other people, which makes them very unhappy.(人物描写)他喜欢找别人的茬，这使他们很不高兴。[练通]——单句语法填空③He has many ________ (fault), and carelessness is one of them.[写美]——微写作④老实说，这是汤姆的错，但莉莉也该受责备——他们俩都说了些刻薄的话。To be honest, ________________， but Lily was also to blame—they both said some really mean things.faultsit was Tom's fault
Section Ⅲ Using Language课前预习设计课堂提升素养课前预习设计自读课文 疏通文脉大意Read the text on Pages 7～9 carefully and then choose the best answer.1．Why did Qian Xuesen change his major to aviation?A．Because he was not interested in his former major.B．Because he could get a well-paid job in the future.C．Because he felt it his duty to help his homeland.D．Because the country asked him to do so.C2．What made Qian Xuesen so creative and outstanding according to the text?A．His strong interest in art like music and drawing.B．His research in the United States.C．His friends' encouragement.D．His habit of reading a lot.A3．How long did Qian Xuesen stay in the United States?A．About 15 years. B．About 20 years.C．About 25 years. D．About 30 years.B4．Which of the following is True about Hawking?A．He was born disabled.B．He was afraid to admit his faults.C．He was brave, determined as well as brilliant.D．He subscribed to the theory holding that the universe has no beginning or end.C精读课文 疏通理解障碍[读文清障]①aerospace ['eərəʊspeɪs] n．航空航天工业②have an impact on对……有影响③patriotic [ˌpeɪtri'ɒtɪk] adj.爱国的patriot n．爱国者④devotion n．奉献，献身⑤well-respected adj.受人尊敬的⑥attend school上学⑦mechanical [mə'kænɪkl] adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的mechanic [mə'kænɪk] n．机械师；机械修理工⑧break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发⑨switch...to...把……转换到……⑩aviation [ˌeɪvi'eɪʃn] n．航空制造业；航空；飞行⑪air force空军⑫defend [dɪ'fend] vt.保卫；防守；辩解defend...against...保护……免受……的伤害defence n．防御；保护；辩护⑬pursue graduate studies攻读研究生⑭over the course of在……的过程中⑮pioneer n．先锋⑯jet [dʒet] n．喷气式飞机⑰assistant [ə'sɪstənt] n．助理；助手graduate assistant研究生助理assist vt.帮助；促进⑱conduct research进行研究⑲propulsion n．推进⑳leading adj.最重要的；一流的㉑space-exploration n．太空探索㉒overcome difficulties克服困难㉓in charge of主管；掌管；负责in the charge of由……掌管；由……负责㉔missile ['mɪsaɪl] n．导弹㉕undeveloped adj.不发达的㉖nevertheless adv.然而，不过；尽管如此㉗discourage sb. from doing sth.阻碍某人做某事㉘take on承担；呈现㉙leadership ['liːdəʃɪp] n．领导；领导地位；领导才能under sb.'s leadership在某人的领导下㉚launch v．发射；发起，发动launch its first man-made satellite发射第一颗人造卫星㉛trace [treɪs] vt.追溯；追踪；查出 n．痕迹；遗迹；踪迹trace back to追溯到㉜knowledgeable adj.知识渊博的㉝in the area of frontier science research在前沿科学研究领域㉞outstanding [aʊt'stændɪ] adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的stand out脱颖而出；突出㉟appreciation n．欣赏；感谢㊱inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞㊲sadden vt.使悲伤(常用于被动语态)[原文呈现]THE FATHER OF CHINA'S AEROSPACE①Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on② China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. Described by the authors of the Story of Qian Xuesen as a man with “great scientific thought and scientific spirit” who was patriotic③ and served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion④ [1], Qian was an extremely well-respected⑤ man.[1]此处过去分词短语“Described by...”作状语，其中包含一个由who引导的定语从句，与介词短语with“great scientific thought and scientific spirit”共同修饰a man。Born in Shanghai in 1911 [2], Qian attended schools⑥ in Beijing and then entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study Railway Mechanical⑦ Engineering. However, after the Songhu Battle broke out⑧ in 1932, Qian made the decision to switch his major to⑨ aviation⑩ because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force⑪ to protect and defend⑫ the country [3].[2]此处是过去分词短语作状语。[3]此处是because引导的原因状语从句，其中包含一个由that引导的宾语从句；to protect and defend the country是动词不定式短语作目的状语。Qian went to the United States in 1935 to pursue his graduate studies⑬[4]. Over the course of⑭ the 1930s and 1940s, Qian became a pioneer⑮ in American jet⑯ and rocket technology. As a graduate assistant⑰ at the California Institute of Technology during the 1930s, Qian helped conduct important research⑱ into rocket propulsion⑲， and in the 1940s, he and several other people founded the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, now one of NASA's leading⑳ space-exploration㉑centres [5].[4]此处是动词不定式短语作目的状语。[5]此处作Jet Propulsion Laboratory的同位语。After overcoming some difficulties㉒during his final few years in the US, Qian returned to China in 1955. He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of ㉓not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile㉔programme [6]. At that time, China was poor and its rocket science was undeveloped㉕. No institute or university in China offered rocket science as a major, and there were no talents or experts in this field in China. Nevertheless㉖, Qian did not let that discourage㉗him from taking on㉘the challenge. When asked “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles？” [7], his reply was a determined “Why not? We Chinese are able to make the same things that other people make.”[6]此处是not only...but also...连接两个并列成分作介词of的宾语。[7]此处是状语从句的省略形式。Under Qian's leadership㉙, China developed the Dongfeng missiles, followed by the first generation of Long March rockets [8]. In 1970, China successfully launched㉚its first man-made satellite, Dong Fang Hong Ⅰ， from a Long March rocket. Because much of the technology behind the Shenzhou rockets can also be traced㉛back to Qian's research [9], Qian earned the name of “the father of China's aerospace”．[8]此处是过去分词短语作定语。[9]此处是because引导的原因状语从句。Qian read a lot and was extremely knowledgeable㉜, especially in the area of frontier science research㉝. However, what might have made him such an outstanding㉞and creative scientist [10] was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. His deep appreciation㉟for art often gave him inspiration㊱in his scientific research.[10]此处是what引导的主语从句。On 31 October 2009, the whole country was saddened㊲ by Qian's death, and people honoured and remembered him in different ways.[课文翻译]中国航天之父也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。钱学森备受人们的尊敬，《钱学森的故事》一书的作者称他为一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人，并且他热爱祖国、甘于奉献、成就斐然。钱学森1911年出生于上海，在北京上学，之后进入上海交通大学学习铁路机械工程。然而，在1932年淞沪抗战爆发后，钱学森决定转而学习航空专业，因为他意识到中国需要拥有自己强大的空军来保护和保卫国家。钱学森于1935年赴美攻读研究生。在二十世纪三四十年代，钱学森成为美国喷气式飞机和火箭技术的先驱。二十世纪三十年代，钱学森作为加州理工学院的研究生助理，帮助进行了火箭推进的重要研究。二十世纪四十年代，他和其他几个人建立了喷气推进实验室，现在是美国国家航空航天局最重要的太空探索中心之一。在美国的最后几年，钱学森克服了一些困难后，于1955年回到中国。他受到了来自祖国的对待英雄般的欢迎，不仅负责发展中国的火箭科学，而且负责中国的太空和导弹计划。当时，中国很贫穷，火箭技术也不发达。中国没有任何学院或大学开设火箭科学专业，也没有这一领域的人才或专家。尽管如此，钱学森并没有因此而放弃挑战。当被问及“我们中国人可能制造导弹吗？”，他的回答是坚决的：“为什么不能呢？我们中国人能制造出和别人制造的一样的东西。”在钱学森的领导下，中国研发了东风导弹，随后是第一代长征火箭。1970年，中国成功地用长征火箭发射了第一颗人造卫星“东方红一号”。因为神舟火箭背后的许多技术也可以追溯到钱学森的研究，所以钱学森赢得了“中国航天之父”的称号。钱学森博览群书，知识渊博，尤其是在前沿科学研究领域。然而，使他成为如此杰出和有创造力的科学家的(原因)可能是他对其他事物的强烈兴趣，如音乐和绘画。他对艺术的深刻鉴赏力常常给他的科学研究带来灵感。2009年10月31日，钱学森去世，举国上下悲痛不已，人们用不同的方式纪念他。[读文清障]①gifted ['ɡɪftɪd] adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的gift n．天赋；天才talented adj.有才能的；天才的②be familiar with熟悉……be familiar to为……所熟悉③come down患(病)；染上(小病)④muscle n．肌肉⑤abstract ['æbstrækt] adj.抽象的；理论上的n．(文献等的)摘要concrete adj.具体的⑥achieve fame获得名声；成名⑦in general总的来说；通常⑧steady ['stedi] adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的steadily adv.稳定地；稳固地⑨concept ['kɒnsept] n．概念；观念⑩question and answer period问答环节⑪stand up站立，站起来⑫point out指出⑬correct vt.改正⑭astronomer [ə'strɒnəmə(r)] n.天文学家astronomy [ə'strɒnəmi] n．天文学astronaut n．宇航员⑮telescope ['telɪskəʊp] n．望远镜⑯besides [bɪ'saɪdz] prep.除……之外(还) adv.而且；此外⑰brilliant ['brɪliənt] adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的brilliance n．才华；光辉⑱be willing to do sth.愿意做某事⑲furthermore [ˌfɜːðə'mɔː(r)] adv.此外；再者⑳above all最重要的是；尤其是㉑fault [fɔːlt] n．弱点；过错find fault with挑剔；批评；抱怨㉒combination n．结合；联合㉓characteristic n．特点，特征[原文呈现]A WORLD OF PURE THOUGHTStephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted① scientists in physics. Most people are familiar with② images of him in his wheelchair, unable to move and using a computer to talk [1]. Since he came down③ with a disease which caused him to lose the use of most of his muscles④ [2], his world became one of abstract⑤ thought.[1]此处是现在分词短语与“unable to move”并列作定语，修饰images of him。[2]此处是since引导的时间状语从句，其中包含一个由which引导的定语从句，修饰a disease。Hawking first achieved fame⑥ when he was still healthy enough to walk [3], as a graduate student in physics at Cambridge University in 1964. In general⑦， there were two main theories on the origin of the universe. The first was the steady⑧ state theory, which holds that the universe has no beginning or end [4]. The other was the big bang theory, which holds that the universe began at a single point in time and space [5]. The biggest champion of the steady state concept⑨ was Fred Hoyle, a professor at Cambridge [6]. During the question and answer period⑩ after one of Hoyle's lectures, Hawking stood up⑪ and pointed out⑫ that Hoyle had made a mistake in his maths. Once the maths was corrected⑬， it showed that the big bang theory—and not the steady state theory—was true.[7] Hawking's own work on the big bang theory was soon proven by astronomers⑭ with telescopes⑮. A star was born.[3]此处是when引导的时间状语从句。[4]此处是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the steady state theory。[5]此处是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the big bang theory。[6]此处作Fred Hoyle的同位语。[7]本句是一个复合句。“Once the...corrected”是once引导的时间状语从句；“that the...was true”是that引导的宾语从句。So, what made Stephen Hawking a genius？Besides⑯ being brilliant⑰， he was brave, though sometimes careless in what he said or did [8]. He was willing to say⑱ what others were afraid to say [9], and to dream of what others were afraid to dream about [10]. Furthermore⑲， he was quite determined. This had helped him as a scientist, and had helped him even more in his fight against his disease. Above all⑳， Hawking was willing to admit his faults㉑. This odd combination㉒of characteristics㉓ had made him one of the greatest thinkers of the 20th and 21st centuries.[8]此处though后省略了he was; what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语。[9]此处是what引导的宾语从句。[10]此处是what引导的宾语从句，作介词of的宾语。[课文翻译]一个纯粹思想的世界史蒂芬·霍金是最有名和最有天赋的物理学家之一。大多数人都对他坐在轮椅上无法移动、用电脑说话的画面很熟悉。自从得了一种使他失去大部分肌肉功能的疾病后，他的世界就变成了一个抽象的思想世界。霍金第一次出名是在1964年，当时他还是剑桥大学物理系的研究生，身体还算健康能够走路。一般来说，关于宇宙的起源有两种主要的理论。第一个是稳态理论，该理论认为宇宙没有起点和终点。另一个理论是大爆炸理论，该理论认为宇宙始于时间和空间的一个单一点。剑桥大学教授弗雷德·霍伊尔是稳态理论最有力的支持者。在霍伊尔的一次讲座结束后的问答环节中，霍金站了起来，指出霍伊尔在计算中犯了一个错误。一旦该计算问题被修正，它就证明大爆炸理论才是正确的，而不是稳态理论。霍金自己对大爆炸理论的研究很快就被天文学家用望远镜证实了。一个明星诞生了。那么，是什么让史蒂芬·霍金成为一个天才的呢？除了聪明以外，他还很勇敢，虽然有时说话或做事会粗心。他愿意说别人不敢说的话，梦想别人不敢梦想的东西。此外，他很坚定。这对他作为一名科学家很有帮助，而且对他与疾病做斗争的帮助更大。最重要的是，霍金愿意承认自己的错误。这些性格的奇怪组合使他成为二十世纪和二十一世纪最伟大的思想家之一。Ⅰ.核心词汇根据语境写出正确的单词1．________ bridge 彩虹桥2．China's ________ science 中国的航天科学3．________ youth 爱国青年4．________ back to Qian's research 追溯到钱学森的研究5．an __________ and creative scientist 一位杰出的有创造力的科学家rainbowaerospacepatriotictraceoutstanding6．________ thought 抽象思考7．a ________ performance 一场精彩的表演8．my own ________ 我的过错9．dramatic ________ 巨大的转变10．under Qian's __________ 在钱学森的领导下11．________ down 倾盆而下12．a ________ explanation 具体的解释abstractbrilliantfaultshiftleadershippourconcreteⅡ.拓展词汇根据提示写出相应的单词1．________ ['faɪndɪ] n．发现；调查结果；(法律)判决→find v．发现→finder n．发现者2．________ [ɪ'nɪʃl] adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→initially adv.起初3．________ [mə'kænɪkl] adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的→mechanic n．机械师；机械修理工4．________ [dɪ'fend] vt.保卫；防守；辩解→defence n．防护；辩护5．________ [ə'sɪstənt] n．助理；助手adj.助理的；副的→assist v．帮助；协助；援助→assistance n．帮助；协助；支持findinginitialmechanicaldefendassistant6．________ ['liːdəʃɪp] n．领导；领导地位；领导才能→lead v．领导；带领→leader n．领导→leading adj.最好的；最重要的7．________ ['ɡɪftɪd] adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→gift n．礼物；天赋8．________ ['stedi] adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→steadily adv.平稳地；持续地9．________ [ə'strɒnəmə(r)] n．天文学家→astronomy n．天文学10．________ ['vɪvɪd] adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→vividly adv.生动地leadershipgiftedsteadyastronomervividⅢ.重点短语1．________________ (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发2．________________ 主管；掌管3．________________ 最重要的是；尤其是4．________________ 改变……到……5．________________ 患(病)；染上(小病)6．__________________ 从事……的研究7．______________________ 阻止某人做某事8．________________ 追溯到break outin charge ofabove allswitch...to...come downconduct research into/ondiscourage sb. from doing sth.trace back toⅣ.重点句型1．[句型]“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义[教材]Perhaps no other scientist ____________________ China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。2．[句型]not only...but also...[教材]He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of ___________________________________ its space and missile programme.他受到了来自祖国的英雄般的欢迎。他不仅被任命负责发展中国的火箭科学，还负责中国的太空和导弹项目。has had a greater impact onnot only developing China's rocket science but also3．[句型]过去分词作伴随状语[教材]Under Qian's leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles, ________________________ of Long March rockets.在钱学森的领导下，中国研制出了“东风”导弹，随后又研制出第一代“长征”系列火箭。4．[句型]what引导的宾语从句[教材]Besides being brilliant, he was brave, though sometimes careless in _______________．除了聪明以外，他还很勇敢，尽管有时说话或做事会粗心。followed by the first generationwhat he said or did5．[句型]make＋宾语＋宾补[教材]However, what might have _______________________________ _______ was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing.然而，使他成为如此杰出和有创造力的科学家的(原因)可能是他对其他事物的强烈兴趣，如音乐和绘画。made him such an outstanding and creativescientist课堂提升素养探究新知 发展语言知识1(教材P7)A non-Newtonian fluid is strange because you can pour it like a liquid, but if you put any pressure on it, it suddenly becomes hard as concrete.非牛顿流体很奇怪，因为你可以像倒液体一样把它倒出来，但是如果你对它施加任何压力，它会突然变得像混凝土一样坚硬。◎pour vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)；涌出；(雨)倾盆而下pour in/into 涌进pour out 倒出，涌出pour down (雨)倾盆而下[佳句] The Great Wall is such a well-known tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.长城是一个如此著名的旅游景点，以至于每年都有数以百万计的游客蜂拥而至。[练通]——单句语法填空①We were about to go out when it suddenly poured ________．②Letters of complaint continued to pour ________， which made us upset.[写美]——完成句子③狂热的足球迷们疯狂地欢呼着从体育场蜂拥而出。(读后续写之动作描写)The crazy football fans ____________________， cheering wildly.downinpoured out of the stadium2(教材P7)However, after the Songhu Battle broke out in 1932, Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country.然而，1932年“淞沪会战”爆发后，钱学森决定转学航空专业，因为他意识到中国需要强大的空军来保护和保卫国家。◎break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发break away from 脱离/挣脱……break down 出故障；坏掉；失败；(身体等)垮掉；消除break in 插话；破门而入break into 破门而入break up 打碎；结束；(关系等)破裂[佳句] I was in charge of putting out the fire that broke out in our office yesterday.我负责扑灭昨天我们办公室发生的火灾。[练通]——单句语法填空①[2020·浙江卷读后续写]The fierce bear bit the fence and was eager to break ________， so I stood there frozen with terror.②When the war broke ________， the outstanding mechanic seemed to have become another man, frustrated.③I am terribly sorry to hear that Sue and Mary have broken ________．[写美]——微写作④[2021·浙江6月卷读后续写]爸爸开的卡车经常在路上抛锚，这让我爸爸陷入了麻烦之中。The truck my dad drove often ___________________， which made my dad in trouble.inoutupbroke down on the way◎defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解(1)defend...from/against... 保护……免受……的伤害defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫(2)defence n. 防卫；保护；辩护in defence of 保护；为……辩护in one's defence 为某人辩护；站在某人一边[佳句] Mac jumped off the bike, seized the bike and threw it to the wolf with all his strength to defend himself.马克跳下自行车，抓起自行车，用尽全力把它扔向狼来自卫。(读后续写之肢体动作描写)[练通]——单句语法填空⑤She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if ________ defence.⑥The Great Wall was built from the Qin Dynasty and its purpose was ________ (defend) their own territories from/against the invasion of their enemies.[写美]——一句多译看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。⑦Seeing the fierce snake, he rushed ________________ like an arrow. (defend vt.)⑧Seeing the fierce snake, he rushed ________________ like an arrow. (defence n．)into defendto defend his sonin defence of his son3(教材P8)He received a hero's welcome from his homeland and was put in charge of not only developing China's rocket science but also its space and missile programme.他受到了来自祖国的英雄般的欢迎。他不仅被任命负责发展中国的火箭科学，还负责中国的太空和导弹项目。◎in charge of主管；掌管；负责(1)in the charge of 由……负责；被……掌管take charge of 负责/看管(表动作)free of charge 免费(2)charge (sb.) for sth. 为……(向某人)收费/要价charge sb. with (doing) sth. 指控某人(做)某事[佳句] I will be in charge of the English speech competition, which makes me greatly honored.我将负责英语演讲比赛，这使我非常荣幸。[练通]——猜猜加黑词charge的含义①The outstanding scientist is in charge of handling the matter. ____________②I will charge you one thousand yuan for curing your severe disease. ____________③Tears of sadness and terror poured down the boy's cheeks, because he was charged with stealing the gold ring without solid proof.____________④The kind-hearted mechanic helped charge my phone.____________⑤He rose to his feet, charged through the door and disappeared in the darkness.____________负责收费控告(给……)充电向……冲去[写美]——一句多译作为学生会主席，我被委派负责你在天津逗留期间的所有活动。(应用文之活动安排)⑥As chairman of the Student Association, I was appointed ________________________________ during your stay in Tianjin.⑦As chairman of the Student Association, I was appointed ________________________________ during your stay in Tianjin.to take charge of arranging all the activitiesto be in charge of arranging all the activities◎句型公式：“not only...but also...”意为“不但……而且……”(1)“not only...but also...”连接两个并列成分，如两个主语、宾语、状语等；(2)“not only...but also...”连接两个分句，且“not only...”位于句首时，该句要部分倒装；(3)“not only...but also...”连接两个词作主语时，要根据but also后的名词决定谓语动词的单复数形式，即遵循“就近一致”原则。[佳句] From this voluntary activity, not only did I broaden my horizons but also I gained valuable experience.通过这次志愿活动，我不仅开阔了视野，而且获得了宝贵的经验。[写美]——一句多译[2020·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达]通过这次活动，我们不仅获得了园艺知识，而且对大自然有了更好的了解。⑧We______________________________________________________ nature from this activity.⑨________________________________________________________________ from this activity.(倒装)not only gained knowledge of gardening but also had a better understanding of Not only did we gain knowledge of gardening but also had a better understanding of nature [佳句] You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip enjoyable and worthwhile.要使你的旅行愉快且值得，你就必须留心观察。[练通]——单句语法填空①The man made ________ clear that he wouldn't accept the task.②Though he has often made his little sister ________， today he is made ________ by his little sister. (cry)[写美]——微写作③我的德语不太好，但我能让别人理解我的意思。I'm not very good at German, but I can ___________________．itcryto crymake myself understood5(教材P8)Stephen Hawking was one of the most famous and gifted scientists in physics.史蒂芬·霍金是最有名和最有天赋的物理学家之一。◎gifted adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的(1)be gifted in/at... 在……方面有天赋(2)gift/talent n. 礼物；天赋have a gift/talent for... 有……天赋[佳句] Brian is gifted in writing music, and he is very likely to be a Beethoven.布莱恩在创作音乐方面很有天赋，他很有可能成为贝多芬。[练通]——单句语法填空①I never doubt that special classes can help the ________ (gift) children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner.②The musician is a man of many ________ (gift), who had a gift ________ music when he was a child, and now he is ________ (gift) in playing the piano.[写美]——微写作③观众送给那个有音乐天赋的年轻天才女孩儿一些精美的礼物。The gifted young girl ___________________ was presented with some wonderful gifts by the audience.giftedgiftsforgiftedwho has a gift for music6(教材P9)Above all, Hawking was willing to admit his faults.最重要的是，霍金愿意承认自己的错误。◎above all最重要的是；尤其是after all 毕竟；终究all in all 整体说来；总而言之in all 全部；合计at all (否定句)一点也不；(疑问句)到底；究竟first of all 首先[佳句] If you want to achieve success, above all, you must be strict with yourself.如果你想取得成功，最重要的是你必须严格要求自己。[练通]——用all的相关短语填空①The university I recommend to you is Beijing Language and Culture University. _________， you'd better learn some basic Chinese before you come. ________， you will be under completely unfamiliar circumstances. ________， studying for a degree in a different culture is not easy ______. (应用文之推荐大学)[写美]——应用文之投稿②[2022·全国甲卷]总之，现在是我们致力于保护海洋的时候了。________， _______________ we devoted ourselves to protecting ocean.First of allAfter allAll in allat allAll in allit is high time that◎fault n．弱点；过错It is one's fault 是某人的过错。find fault with 挑剔，挑……的毛病[佳句] He likes to find fault with other people, which makes them very unhappy.(人物描写)他喜欢找别人的茬，这使他们很不高兴。[练通]——单句语法填空③He has many ________ (fault), and carelessness is one of them.[写美]——微写作④老实说，这是汤姆的错，但莉莉也该受责备——他们俩都说了些刻薄的话。To be honest, ________________， but Lily was also to blame—they both said some really mean things.faultsit was Tom's fault
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