专题04 高考阅读理解之主旨大意题-2024年高考英语实用讲义之冲刺阅读理解高分

这是一份专题04 高考阅读理解之主旨大意题-2024年高考英语实用讲义之冲刺阅读理解高分，共18页。试卷主要包含了 常见命题形式，标题类，99等内容，欢迎下载使用。

\l _Tc17565 6.1篇章主旨题 PAGEREF _Tc17565 1
\l _Tc1468 6.2篇章目的题 PAGEREF _Tc1468 7
\l _Tc13225 6.3段落主旨题 PAGEREF _Tc13225 14
六. 阅读理解—主旨大意题
6.1篇章主旨题
【命题方式】
1. 常见命题形式(主旨类)
The main idea/ key pint f this passage is that _______.
The passage is mainly abut ______.
The tpic/ subject discussed in the passage is that ______.
Frm the passage we can learn/cnclude that _____.
The last paragraph is chiefly cncerned with ______.
Which f the fllwing statements best expresses the main idea f the passage?
Which f the fllwing best states the theme f the passage?
2.标题类(best title)
The best title/ headline fr this passage is _______.
What might be the best title fr the stry?
【解题技巧】
1.定位文章的主旨句：【标题、首段、尾段、段落首句、段落尾句】及【高频词】。
2.没有明显主旨句：各段中心句总结相加法或者语文总结中心思想法。
3.标题题还可以用反向逆推法，即锁定选项标题，以此自己构思一篇文章，看看和阅读文章的安排构思是否一致。
【分析选项特点】
正确选项特点：
1. 是主题句、关键词2. 能概括文章全部内容 3. 含义深刻或说明道理
错误选项特点：
1. 无中生有的新内容2. 范围过宽或过窄（某一细节内容） 3. 偷换概念
文章标题特点：
1.独特新颖（吸引读者） 2.概括性强（不能只概括某些事实和细节） 3.短小精悍
【典例分析】
1
Wuld it surprise yu t learn that, like animals, trees cmmunicate with each ther and pass n their wealth t the next generatin?
UBC Prfessr Simard explains hw trees are much mre cmplex than mst f us
ever imagined. Althugh Charles Darwin thught that trees are cmpeting fr survival f the fittest, Simard shws just hw wrng he was. In fact, the ppsite is true: trees survive thrugh their c-peratin and supprt, passing arund necessary nutritin "depending n wh needs it".
Nitrgen (氮) and carbn are shared thrugh miles f undergrund fungi (真菌)
netwrks, making sure that all trees in the frest eclgical system give and receive just the right amunt t keep them all healthy. This hidden system wrks in a very similar way t the netwrks f neurns (神经元) in ur brains, and when ne tree is destryed, it affects all.
Simard talks abut "mther trees", usually the largest and ldest plants n which all ther trees depend. She explains hw dying trees pass n the wealth t the next generatin, transprting imprtant minerals t yung trees s they may cntinue t grw. When humans cut dwn "mther trees" with n awareness f these highly cmplex "tree scieties" r the netwrks n which they feed, we are reducing the chances f survival fr the entire frest.
"We didn't take any ntice f it" Simard says sadly. "Dying trees mve nutritin int the yung trees befre dying, but we never give them chance." If we culd put acrss the message t the frestry industry, we culd make a huge difference twards ur envirnmental prtectin effrts fr the future.
What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Old Trees Cmmunicate Like Humans B. Yung Trees Are In Need Of Prtectin
C. Trees Are Mre Awesme Than Yu Think D. Trees Cntribute T Our Sciety
2
Hney frm the African frest is nt nly a kind f natural sugar, it is als delicius. Mst peple, and many animals, like eating it. Hwever, the nly way fr them t get that hney is t find a wild bees' nest and take the hney frm it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult t find them. In parts f Africa, thugh, peple and animals lking fr hney have a strange and unexpected helper - a little bird called a hney guide.
The hney guide des nt actually like hney, but it des like the wax in the beehives (蜂房). The little bird cannt reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees' nest. S, when it finds a suitable nest, it lks fr smene t help it. The hney guide gives a lud cry that attracts the attentin f bth passing animals and peple. Once it has their attentin, it flies thrugh the frest, waiting frm time t time fr the curius animal r persn as it leads them t the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the fllwer reaches in t get at the delicius hney as the bird patiently waits and watches. Sme f the hney, and the wax, always falls t the grund, and this is when the hney guide takes its share.
Scientists d nt knw why the hney guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its effrts t get it. The birds seem t be able t smell wax frm a lng distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking hney frm his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.
What can be the best title fr the text?
Wild Bees B. Wax and Hney C. Beekeeping in Africa D. Hney-Lver's Helper
3
Alng the river banks f the Amazn and the Orinc there lives a bird that swims befre it can fly, flies like a fat chicken, eats green leaves, has the stmach f a cw and has claws (爪) n its wings when yung. They build their hmes abut 4.6m abve the river, an imprtant feature (特征) fr the safety f the yung. It is called the hatzin.
In appearance, the birds f bth sexes lk very much alike with brwn n the back and cream and red n the underside. The head is small, with a large set f feathers n the tp, bright red eyes, and blue skin. Its nearest relatives are the cmmn birds, cucks. Its mst striking feature, thugh, is nly fund in the yung.
Baby hatzins have a claw n the leading edge f each wing and anther at the end f each wing tip. Using these fur claws, tgether with the beak (喙), they can climb abut in the bushes, lking very much like primitive birds must have dne. When the yung hatzins have learned t fly, they lse their claws.
During the drier mnths between December and March hatzins fly abut the frest in grups f 20 t 30 birds, but in April, when the rainy seasn begins, they cllect tgether in smaller living units f tw t seven birds fr prducing purpses.
1. What is the text mainly abut?
A. Hatzins in dry and rainy seasns.
B. The relatives and enemies f hatzins.
C. Primitive birds and hatzins f the Amazn.
D. The appearance and living habits f hatzins.
2. Yung hatzins are different frm their parents in that .
A. they lk like yung cucks B. they have claws n the wings
C. they eat a lt like a cw D. they live n river banks
3. What can we infer abut primitive birds frm the text?
A. They had claws t help them climb.
B. They culd fly lng distances.
C. They had fur wings like hatzins.
D. They had a head with lng feathers n the tp.
4. Why d hatzins cllect tgether in smaller grups when the rainy seasn cmes?
A. T find mre fd.B. T prtect themselves better.
C. T keep themselves warm.D. T prduce their yung.
4
Science can’t explain the pwer f pets, but many studies have shwn that the cmpany f pets can help lwer bld pressure (血压) and raise chances f recvering frm a heart attack, reduce lneliness and spread all-rund gd cheer.
Any wner will tell yu hw much jy a pet brings. Fr sme, an animal prvides mre cmfrt than a husband/wife. A 2002 study by Karen Allen f the State University f New Yrk measured stress (紧张) levels and bld pressure in peple — half f them pet wners — while they perfrmed 5 minutes f mental arithmetic (算术) r held a hand in ice water. Subjects cmpleted the tasks alne, with a husband/wife, a clse friend r with a pet. Peple with pets did it best. Thse tested with their animal friends had smaller change in bld pressure and returned mst quickly t baseline heart rates. With pets in the rm, peple als made fewer math mistakes than when ding in frnt f ther cmpanins. It seems peple feel mre relaxed (放松) arund pets, says Allen, wh thinks it may be because pets dn’t judge.
A study reprted last fall suggests that having a pet dg nt nly raises yur spirits but may als have an effect n yur eating habits. Researchers at Nrthwestern Memrial Hspital spent a year studying 36 fat peple and their equally fat dgs n diet-and-exercise prgrams; a separate grup f 56 peple withut pets were put n a diet prgram. On average, peple lst abut I1 punds, r 5% f their bdy weight. Their dgs did even better, lsing an average f 12 punds, mre than 15% f their bdy weight. Dg wners didn’t lse any mre weight than thse withut dgs but, say researchers, gt mre exercise verall — mstly with their dgs — and fund it wrth ding.
1. What des the text mainly discuss?
A. What pets bring t their wners. B. Hw pets help peple calm dwn.
C. Peple’s pinins f keeping pets. D. Pet’s value in medical research.
2. We learn frm the text that a persn with heart disease has a better chance f getting well if .
A. he has a pet cmpanin B. he has less stress f wrk
C. he ften des mental arithmetic D. he is taken care f by his family
3. Accrding t Allen, why did the peple d better with pets arund when facing stressful tasks?
A. They have lwer bld pressure. B. They becme mre patient.
C. They are less nervus. D. They are in higher spirits.
4. The research mentined in the last paragraph reprts that _____.
A. peple with dgs did mre exercise
B. dgs lst the same weight as peple did
C. dgs liked exercise much mre than peple did
D. peple withut dgs fund the prgram unhelpful
5
When the dg named Judy sptted the first sheep in her life, she did what cmes naturally. The fur-year-ld dg set ff racing after the sheep acrss several fields and, being a city animal, lst bth her sheep and her sense f directin. Then she ran alng the edge f cliff ( 悬崖) and fell 100 feet, buncing ff a rck int the sea.
Her wner Mike Hlden panicked and celled the castguard f Crnwall, wh turned up in secnds. Six vlunteers slid dwn the cliff with the help f a rpe but gave up all hpe f finding her alive after a 90-minute search.
Three days later, a hurricane hit the cast near Crnwall. Mr. Hlden returned hme frm his hliday upset and cnvinced his pet was dead. He cmfrted himself with the thught she had died in the mst beautiful part f the cuntry.
Fr the next tw weeks, the Hldens were heartbrken . Then, ne day, the phne rang and Steve Tregear, the castguard f Crnwall, asked Hlder if he wuld like his dg bark.
A birdwatcher, armed with a telescpe, fund the pet sitting desperately n a rck. While he sunded the alarm, a student frm Leeds climbed dwn the cliff t cllect Judy.
The dg had initially been kncked uncnscius (失去知觉的) but had survived by drinking water frm a fresh scream at the base f the cliff. She may have fed n the bdy f a sheep which had als fallen ver the edge. “The dg was very thin and hungry,” Steve Tregear said, “It was a very dg. She survived because f a plentiful supply f fresh water,” he added.
It was, as Mr. Hlden admitted, “a minr miracle (奇迹)”.
1. The dg Jdy fell dwn the cliff when she was .
A. rescuing her wner B. caught in a hurricane
C. blcked by a rck D. running after a sheep
2. Wh sptted Judy after the accident?
A. A birdwatcher. B. A student frm Leeds.
C. Six vlunteers. D. The castguard f Crnwall.
3. What can we infer frm the text?
A. Peple like t travel with their pets.
B. Judy was taken t the fields fr hunting.
C. Luck plays a vital rle in Judy's survival.
D. Hlden cared little where Judy was buried.
4. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. Miracle f the Castguard B. Surviving a Hurricane
C. Dangers in the Wild D. Cming Back frm the Dead
6
Wrking wmen make up nearly half f the U.S. wrkfrce, and 51 percent f prfessinal wrkers, like dctrs, lawyers, nurses and accuntants, are female. While climbing the career ladder can be rewarding, it ften cmes with ne big dwnside: weight gain!
New research published this week in the Internatinal Jurnal f Obesity shws that wrking wmen are mre likely t be verweight, and the mre yu wrk, the mre punds yu’re likely t pile n. Like many wmen, I wrk... a lt! As a self-emplyed nutritin cmmunicatins specialist, I sit at my desk, in frnt f a cmputer, fr hurs n end. Sitting alne is ne f the wrst things yu can d fr yur health, and it’s directly linked t being verweight and increased fatness, s the fact that wmen in the wrkfrce gain weight isn’t that surprising. If yu wrk, yu have less time t mve arund. Obesity（肥胖症）researchers are revealing many ther ways that emplyment is harmful t yur diet and waistline.
In the Internatinal Jurnal f Obesity study, sme 9,276 Australian wmen aged 45-50 had their bdy weight and emplyment status mnitred fr tw years. Results? Thse wh wrked mre than 35 hurs were likely t gain weight cmpared t thse wh wrked fewer hurs r were ut f the wrkfrce. What’s mre, the mre hurs a wman wrked in a week, the mre weight she gained.
The authrs f the Australian study attribute weight gain amng wrking wmen t inactivity, lack f time fr fd preparatin, mre use f prepared fds, high levels f stress, lack f sleep and cnsuming mre alchl. I’ll als add in travel, meals eaten ut and wrking at night as ther factrs that I can find t make balancing wrk with a healthy diet a challenge.
1.The text abve is prbably taken frm ______.
A. a sprts reprt B. a fashin jurnal
C. a health and fitness magazine D. an advertisement pst
2.A wman wh wrks as an accuntant is mre likely t ______.
A. gain mre weight B. have mre time t mve arund
C. wrk a full time jb D. keep a balanced diet
3.Which is NOT the cause f wrking wmen weight gaining accrding t the passage？
A. Lacking time fr fd preparatin. B. Using mre prepared fd.
C. Cnsuming t much alchl. D. Taking part in mre activities.
4.What can be a suitable title fr the test?
A. Less activity leads t fat. B. Ways f gaining weight.
C. Effects f weight gaining. D. Wrking wmen mre likely pile n punds
6.2篇章目的题
【命题方式】
The purpse/intentin f this passage is that ______.
The authr’s purpse f writing the text is mst likely t .
【解题技巧】
1.说明文：t infrm readers（告知读者某些信息）
2.议论文：t persuade readers（说服读者接受某种观点）
3.记叙文：t make peple laugh, t tell an interesting experience，t entertain readers（娱乐读者，让人发笑）
4.广告文体写作目的题一般用advertise!文章首尾句看是否有关键信息点,比如bk,可能是书的前言或简介,若有价格,与钱有关或访问某网站,则可能是广告(advertisement): t sell a prduct r a service, t attract mre visitrs/readers/audience.
5.新闻报道写作目的题常用reprt!若首段有小括号,里面有新华,搜狐,网易,新浪,路透,BBC等提示,如(XINHUA NET),或每段首句有具体时间信息点,则选项一定与news有关!
【典例分析】
1
ADDIS ABABA, Ethipia - One f the wrld's mst famus fssils (化石) - the 3.2 millin-year-ld Lucy skeletn ( 骨骼 ) unearthed in Ethipia in 1974 - will g n an exhibitin tur abrad fr the first time in the United States, fficials said Tuesday. Even the Ethipian public has nly seen Lucy twice.
The Lucy n exhibitin at the Ethipian Natinal Museum in the capital. Addis Ababa is a replica while the real remains are usually lcked in a secret strerm. A team frm the Museum f Natinal Service in t U.S. tur. Texas spent fur years disscusing with the Ethipians fr the U.S. tur. Which will start in Hustn next September.
"Ethipia's rich culture f bth the past and tday, is ne f the best kept secrets in the wrld," said Jel Bartsch, directr f the Hustn museum.
The six-year tur will als g t Washingtn, New Yrk. Denver and Chicag. Officials said six ther U.S. cities may be n the tur. But they said plans had nt yet been wrked ut. Traveling with Lucy will be 190 ther fssils.
Lucy, her name taken frm a Beatles sng that played in a camp the night f her discvery, is part f the skeletn f what was nce a 3½-ft-ball ape-man (猿人).
The authr writes this text mainly t .
A. intrduce a few U.S. museums B. describe sme research wrk
C. discuss the value f an ape-man D. reprt a cming event
2
When I first gt an email accunt ten years ag, I received cmmunicatins nly frm family, friends, and clleagues. Nw it seems that every time I check my e-mail, I have an endless series f advertisement and ther crrespndence that d nt interest the at all. If we want e-mail t cntinue t be useful, we need special laws that make spamming(发送垃圾邮件) a crime.
If lawmakers d nt d smething sn t prhibit spam, the prblem will certainly get much wrse. Cmputer prgrams allw spammers t spend hundreds f millins f e-mails almst instantly. As mre and mre advertisers turn t spam t sell their prducts, individual（个人的）e-mail bxes are ften flded with spam e-mails. Wuld peple cntinue t use e-mail if they had t deal with an annying amunt f spam each time?
This prblem is trubling fr individuals and cmpanies as well. Many spam emails cntain cmputer viruses that can shut dwn the entire netwrk f a cmpany. Cmpanies rely n e-mail n fr their emplyees t cmmunicate with each ther. Spam frequently causes failures in their lcal cmmunicatins netwrks, and their emplyees are thus unable t cmmunicate effectively. Such a situatin results in a lss f prductivity and requires cmpanies t repeatedly repair their netwrks. These cmputer prblems raise prductin csts f cmpanies, which are, in the end, passed n t the cnsumer.
Fr these reasns, I believe that lawmakers need t legislate (立法) against spam. Spammers shuld be fined, and perhaps sent t prisn if they cntinue t disturb peple. E-mail is a tl which helps peple all ver the wrld t cmmunicate cnveniently, but spam is destrying this cnvenience.
What is the purpse f the text?
A. T infrm B. T educate C. T persuade D. T instruct
3
Eating t much fatty fd, exercising t little and smking can raise yur future risk f heart disease. But there is anther factr that can cause yur heart prblems mre immediately: the air yu breathe.
Previus studies have linked high expsure (暴露）t envirnmental pllutin t an increased risk f heart prblem, but tw analyses nw shw that pr air quality can lead t heart attack r strke (中风）within as little as a few hurs after expsure. In ne review f the research, scientists fund that peple expsed t high levels f pllutants (污染物）were up t 5% mre likely t suffer a heart attack within days f expsure than thse with lwer expsure. A separate study f strke patients shwed that even air that the U. S. Envirnmental Prtectin Agency (EPA) cnsiders t be f “mderate” (良好）quality and relatively safe fr ur health can raise the risk f strke as much as 34% within 12 t 14 hurs f expsure.
The authrs f bth studies stress that these risks are relatively small fr healthy peple and certainly mdest cmpared with ther risk factrs such as smking and high bld pressure. Hwever, it is imprtant t be aware f these dangers because everyne is expsed t air pllutin regardless f lifestyle chices. S stricter regulatin by the EPA f pllutants may nt nly imprve envirnmental air quality but culd als becme necessary t prtect public health.
The authr’s purpse f writing the text is mst likely t .
A. infrm B. persuade C. describe D. entertain
4
Finally, a cell phne
That's ... a phne
With rates as lw as $3.75 per week!
“Well, I finally did it. I finally decided t enter the digital age and get a cell phne. My kids have been annying me and the last straw was when my car brke dwn，and I was stuck by the highway fr an hur befre smene stpped t help. But when I went t the cell phne stre, I almst changed my mind. The phnes all have cameras, cmputers and a "glbal-psitining" smething r ther that's suppsed t spt me frm space. Gdness, all I want t d is t be able t talk t my grandkids! The peple at the stre weren't much help. They culdn't understand why smene wuldn't want a phne the size f a pstage stamp. And the rate plans! They were cnfusing, and expensive ... and the cntract (合同）lasted fr tw years! I'd almst given up until a friend tld me abut her new Jitterbug phne. Nw, I have the cnvenience and safety f being abut t stay in tuch --- with a phne I can actually use.”
Affrdable plans that I can understand一and n cntract t sign (签订）！ Unlike ther cell phnes，Jitterbug has plans that make sense. Why shuld I pay fr minutes I'm never ging t use? And if I d talk mre than I plan, I wn't find myself with n minutes like my friend wh has a prepaid phne. Best f all, there is n cntract t sign—s I'm nt lcked in fr years at a time. The US-based custmer service is secnd t nne. And the phne gets service anywhere in the cuntry.
Call nw and receive a FREE gift when yu rder. Try Jitterbug fr 30 days and if yu dn't lve it, just return it! Why wait, the Jitterbug cmes ready t use right ut f the bx. If yu aren't as happy with it as I am, yu can return it and get yur mney back. Call nw, the Jitterbug prduct experts are ready t answer yur questins. Call 1-888-809-8794 r visit www. jitterbugdirect.cm.
The main purpse f the passage is t _____.
A. tell a custmer's stry f Jitterbug
B. prvide tw ways t rder Jitterbug
C. give a brief intrductin f Jitterbug
D. attract ptential custmers t Jitterbug
5
The prductin f cffee beans is a huge, prfitable business, but, unfrtunately, full-sun prductin is taking ver the industry and bringing abut a lt f damage. The change in hw cffee is grwn frm shade-grwn prductin t full-sun prductin endangers the very existence f, certain animals and birds, and even disturbs the wrld’s eclgical balance.
On a lcal level, the damage f the frest required by full-sun fields affects the area’s birds and animals. The shade f the frest trees prvides a hme fr birds and ther special(物种) that depend n the trees’ flwers and fruits. Full-sun cffee grwers destry this frest hme. As a result, many special are quickly dying ut.
On a mre glbal level, the destructin f the rainfrest fr full-sun cffee fields als threatens (威胁) human life. Medical research ften makes use f the frests' plant and animal life, and the destructin f such species culd prevent researchers frm finding cures fr certain diseases. In additin, new cffee-grwing techniques are pisning the water lcally, and eventually the wrld's grundwater.
Bth lcally and glbally, the cntinued spread f full-sun cffee plantatins (种植园) culd mean the destructin f the rainfrest eclgy. The lss f shade trees is already causing a slight change in the wrld's climate, and studies shw that lss f xygen-giving trees als leads t air pllutin and glbal warming. Mrever, the new grwing techniques are cntributing t acidic (酸性的) sil cnditins.
It is bvius that the way much cffee is grwn affects many aspects f life, frm the lcal envirnment t the glbal eclgy. But cnsumers d have a chice. They can purchase shade-grwn cffee whenever pssible, althugh at a higher cst. The future health f the planet and mankind is surely wrth mre than an inexpensive cup f cffee.
1. What can we learn abut full-sun cffee prductin frm Paragraph 4?
A. It limits the spread f new grwing techniques.
B. It leads t air pllutin and glbal warming.
C. It slws dwn the lss f shade trees.
D. It imprves lcal sil cnditins.
2. The purpse f the text is t .
A. entertain B. advertise C. instruct D. persuade
3. Where des this text prbably cme frm?
A. An agricultural magazine.B. A medical jurnal.
C. An engineering textbk. D. A turist guide.
4. Which f the fllwing shws the structure f the whle text?

【解析】
1.B细节理解题。根据文章第四段的句子：The lss f shade trees is already causing a slight change in the wrld's climate, and studies shw that lss f xygen-giving trees als leads t air pllutin and glbal warming.可知阳光充足的咖啡生产会带来空气污染和全球气温变暖，故选B。
2.D写作意图题。根据文章最后一段的句子：But cnsumers d have a chice. They can purchase shade-grwn cffee whenever pssible, althugh at a higher cst.可知作者的意图是劝说人们购买阴凉处种植的咖啡，这样对环境是有好处的，故选D。
3.A推理判断题。文章介绍阳光充足的咖啡生产会带来的破坏，应该是出自一本农业杂志，故选A。
4.A文章结构题。文章第一段介绍阳光充足的咖啡生产的话题，二、三、四段介绍了阳光充足的咖啡生产带来的破坏，第五段说服人们去购买对环境有利的阴凉处种植的咖啡，所以是总分总的结构，故选A。
6
I'd planned t spend my weekend in the sun, ptting flwers utdrs. But that was befre the pair f crws (乌鸦). Out f nwhere, they had set up their base camp in ur backyard.
We first discvered ur feathered enemies n Friday mrning. It was early, and the sund the birds made traveled thrugh ur neighbrhd. I figured they'd g away sn. But, n. They were getting luder and prbably annying my neighbrs nearly as much as us with the nise. I admit I gt a little desperate.
Then, n Sunday afternn, I lked ut the kitchen windw t see ur dg Quatchi staring at smething n the grund. I went t explre and fund a small cal-black bird in the grass. Its eyes were milky, and it stayed perfectly still as my dg walked twards it. Only when Quatchi tuched his nse t its head did it walk away. I grabbed the dg and lcked him inside and came back with my camera.
It never ccurred t me that the yung wuld be hanging ut n the grund, grwing and gaining strength as its parents guarded it frm abve. The secnd I saw this little creature I frgave the crws.
T be hnest, I've never been much f a bird persn. I als have a healthy respect fr birds. They're basically living dinsaurs.
I wish they'd chsen anther backyard. There are nly s many sunny days in Seattle, and I still can't d any gardening ut there. But I'm als grateful that I gt t see this little bit f nature unfld up clse. It's pretty amazing.
The experience has als strengthened my desire t create a beautiful backyard garden that attracts lts f bees, butterflies, and yes, birds. They are welcme here.
The authr writes the text mainly t _____.
A. shw an annying situatin B. share a persnal experience
C. call n readers t prtect birds D. seek advice n dealing with crws
7
Stained glass (彩色玻璃) artists create different designs by making cuts n the glass t “scre” it and then breaking ff the pattern that they want t use in the finished prduct. The mst difficult cut in stained glass is called an inside cut. Basically, it’s a curved (弯曲的) line where yu thrw away the part inside f the curve. The prblem with inside cuts is that the edges f the curve tend t break ff when the pieces f scred glass are brken apart.
As the artist talked abut inside cuts, he said, “The glass will break int pieces if yu try t cut t much ff at nce. The best way t d an inside cut is t slice ff smaller curves piece-by-piece. In fact, it’s nt just the best way t d it, but it’s the nly way t d it.”
Hw many times d yu try t make a big change and cut the entire piece at nce? We cnvince urselves that we can d this all the time. We’ll cmmit t transfrming ur diet vernight r we get inspired t launch a business in a weekend r we finally get mtivated t wrk ut and push urselves t the edge f burning ut.
Why nt apprach yur gals and dreams like a stained glass artist? Starting by slicing a shallw curve and breaking a small piece ff, yu cut a slightly deeper curve and break that ff until yu have yur full inside cut. By slwly cutting deeper and deeper curves, yu prevent the glass frm breaking as it change shape.
Of curse, change isn’t easy — n matter hw yu d it. Slw gains are bring, but if we keep making small imprvements, then pretty sn we will end up with a beautiful masterpiece n ur hands instead f a bunch f brken pieces.
What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T shw his lve f stained glass.
B. T intrduce the skill f an inside cut.
C. T appreciate designs f stained glass artists.
D. T share his pinins n hw t make a change.
6.3段落主旨题
【命题方式】
What is the third paragraph mainly abut?
What is the main idea f paragraph 1?
What des Paragraph 3 fcus n?
What des Paragraph 3 intend t tell us?
【解题技巧】
找常具有概括性和深刻性的段落主题句。
1）第一句是中心句：即第一句是中心，然后围绕这一主题作具体的陈述。如果从第二句就开始对第一句进行说明，论述或描述，那第一句就是主题句。有些段落，在主题句后面有明显引出细节的信号词，如fr example, an example f; first, secnd, next, last, finally; t begin with, als, besides; ne, the ther; sme, thers等。在阅读中应尽量利用上述信号词来确定主题句的位置。
2）第二句是中心句：第一句是过渡句。第二句与第一句存在转折关系（but, hwever, yet, in fact）或者递进关系（mrever, after all, indeed）
3）句尾是中心句：有些文章会在开头列举事实, 然后通过论证阐述作者的核心论点。因此，如果第一句话不是概括性的或综合性的话，最好快速读一读段落的最后一个句子，看看它是否具备主题句的特征。一般说来，当一种观点不易向人解释清楚或不易被人接受时，主题句便会到段落的末尾才出现。学生可以充分利用引出结论的信号词。如s，s that, therefre，thus，cnsequently; in cnclusin，in shrt; in a wrd, t sum up；all in all; generally等来确定主题句的位置在段尾。
4）没有明显的中心句：充分发挥语文总结中心思想能力，能用最简洁的一两个词概括总结出段落主旨大意。
1
Grwn-ups are ften surprised by hw well they remember smething they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man wh has nt had a chance t g swim fr years can still swim as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get n a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his sn. A mther wh has nt thught abut the wrds fr years can teach her daughter the pem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star". Remember the stry f Cinderella r Gldilcks and the Three Bears.
What is the main idea f paragraph 1?
A. Peple remember well what they learned in childhd.
B. Children have a better memry than grwn-ups.
C. Pem reading is a gd way t learn wrds.
D. Stries fr children are easy t remember.
2
The chip is abut the size f a grain f rice. Implanting the chip nly takes abut a secnd and is said t hurt nly very briefly. The chips g under the skin between the thumb and frefinger. With a chip in the hand, a persn can enter the ffice building, buy fd, sign int cmputers and mre, simply by waving that hand near a scanner. The chips will he als used t identify emplyees. Emplyees wh want cnvenience, but d nt want t have a micrchip implanted under their skin, can wear a wristband r a ring with a chip instead. They can perfrm the same tasks with a wave f their hands as if they had an implanted chip.
What is the third paragraph mainly abut?
A. The substitutes f the chips. B. The advantages f the chips.
C. The places t implant the chips. D. The ptential risks f implanting the chips.
3
But the Internatinal Unin fr the Cnservatin f Nature (IUCN)’s first wrldwide health check f the plants says that they are cming under huge pressure frm human activities such as land use changes, cmmercial and residential develpments and shrimp farming. But the paper said the driver f cacti species extinctin was the “uncntrlled cllectin f live plants and private decrating cllectins, and annual agriculture.”
What des the third paragraph mainly tell us?
A. What causes cacti species extinctin B. What gives peple pressure
C. What IUCN has fund D. What farmers have planted
4
Hwever, can these kinds f games really be fun and can being absrbed in virtual reality be gd fr us? Shuld we wrry abut their effects n ur health? Ppular games like Grand Theft Aut have been blamed fr everything frm falling results at schl t causing acts f extreme vilence. Internet safety adviser, Alan MacKenzie, thinks “any peple understandably will just think that a game is just a game and nt realizing the exact cntent that’s in there”. He gives an example f the vilence, which he says is “whlly inapprpriate fr anybdy, nt t mentin children.”
Paragraph 3mainly talks abut .
A. games cntain extreme vilence
B. the cntents f the game are cmplex
C. gaming is a harmful frm f entertainment
D. ppular games lead t students' falling results at schl
5
Halfway up Ben Navis, ne f his shes brke, s he had t tape the shes t his feet t make sure they stayed n. The weather didn’t make it easy fr himeither, as he claimed that it rained pretty much the whle time, and he had t g against 40 t 50 miles an hur winds. Due t these difficult cnditins, Ben and his friend had t turn back after reaching 900 meters up the muntain.
What des Paragraph 3 fcus n?
A. The difficulties in the climb. B. The climbing rute.
C. The terrible weather. D. The unexpected incident.
6
It is an idea that has appealed t Jeanne Ellitt. Her 93-year-ld mther Mary Derr lives with her in Suth Kingstwn. Derr has dementia (痴呆). The Jy fr All cat that Ellitt bught this year has becme a true cmpanin fr Derr. The cat stays with Derr and keeps her calm while Elit is at wrk. Ellitt said a rbtic cat that helps her mther t remember t take her medicine and be careful when she walks wuld be greater.
What des Paragraph 3 intend t tell us?
A. The mre functins f the cat, the better.
B. The cat gives much help t the elderly.
C. There is n cure fr dementia at present.
D. Mary Derr wuld have died withut the cat.
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