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252，内蒙古自治区赤峰市红山区赤峰第四中学2023-2024学年高三上学期开学英语试题
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这是一份252，内蒙古自治区赤峰市红山区赤峰第四中学2023-2024学年高三上学期开学英语试题，共24页。试卷主要包含了 请将各题答案填写在答题卡上，15， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1. 本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What des the wman ask the by t stp ding?
A. Getting ut f the elevatr.
B. Ging t the playgrund.
C. Jumping in the elevatr.
2. What will happen abut the city center?
A. There will be mre pllutin.
B. There will be mre parking areas.
C. There will be mre bicycle tracks.
3. Hw will the wman pay?
A. In cash. B. By credit card. C. By check.
4. Why is the wman unsatisfied with the fish?
A. It tastes terrible. B. It is served t late. C. It’s nt what she rdered.
5. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. At a gas statin. C. In a theatre.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各您看到的资料都源自我们平台，20多万份最新小初高试卷，家威鑫 MXSJ663 免费下载 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Wh des the man want t speak t?
A. Mary Jnes. B. David Bwie. C. Jack Stewart.
7. When will the training curse start?
A. On June 12th. B. On July 12th. C. On July 22nd.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Hw much is the rent fr the extra large tent per day?
A. $10. B. $50. C. $60.
9. What will the man d next?
A. Reserve a tent. B. Lk fr a camping site. C. Change his camping plan.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When will the man visit the campus?
A. On Mnday mrning. B. On Mnday afternn. C. On Tuesday afternn.
11. Which year f cllege are the speakers prbably in nw?
A. The first year. B. The secnd year. C. The third year.
12. What activity will the man take part in n Tuesday mrning?
A. Library Tur. B. Careers Lecture. C. Student Unin Inductin.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What psitin is the man applying fr?
A. A music teacher. B. A radi hst. C. A TV prducer.
14. What des the man say abut sending e-mails?
A. He is gd at it.
B. He needs time t practice it.
C. He prefers making phne calls t it.
15. What des the jb invlve accrding t the wman?
A. A lt f traffic. B. Getting up early. C. Dealing with cmplaints.
16. Wh appears in the man’s reference list?
A. His frmer bss. B. His frmer clleague. C. His frmer classmate.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When will the race be held this year?
A. On May 11th. B. On May 23rd. C. On May 24th.
18. Where des the race start?
A. At the ftball grund.
B. On the nrth side f the park.
C. At the main entrance f the park.
19. What can every runner get this year?
A. A T-shirt. B. A pair f running shes. C. A water bttle.
20. Wh can run in the race free f charge?
A. Children between 8 and 15.
B. Children under the age f 8.
C. Adults wh have registered in advance.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Vlunteer at the EcTarium! We simply culd nt ffer the prgrams and special events that make the EcTarium a unique resurce t ur cmmunity withut ur diverse and dedicated crps f vlunteers. T be cnsidered fr a mre specific psitin, lk thrugh the vlunteer listings belw, and submit an applicatin.
Z Ambassadr Vlunteer
Our z ambassadr vlunteers will assist the Zlgy Department t cnnect with guests thrugh engaging educatinal experiences abut ur animal residents. We are lking fr vlunteers wh are passinate abut animals and excited t interact with guests f all ages. Vlunteers may als cmplete behaviral studies n numerus animals within the care f the EcTarium t help enhance the welfare fr ur animals!
Animal Care Vlunteer
Animal care vlunteers will aid in all areas f husbandry (农牧业), including feeding, cleaning, recrd keeping, training animals, and behaviral bservatins. They will wrk with a variety f animals under ur care, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and insects. The psitin is physically demanding and requires wrking in all weather cnditins.
Educatin Prgram Vlunteer
Thrugh cnversatins and hands-n activities, educatin prgram vlunteers help visitrs make meaningful cnnectins t ur exhibits, encurage curisity and scientific inquiry, and challenge visitrs t dive deeper int the cncepts explred at ur museum.
Cllectins Vlunteer
The EcTarium seeks vlunteers wh are interested in making a cntributin t science by uncvering lst specimens (标本) in the EcTarium cllectin! Phtgraph, measure, and take ntes n birds, eggs, seashells, r pressed flwers. This is an excellent psitin fr a high schl r cllege student cnsidering a career in bilgy r lab science. It is als apprpriate fr citizen scientists f any age. It ffers an pprtunity t see examples f rare r extinct plants and animals.
1. What can an animal care vlunteer d?
A Cllect lst specimens.
B. Learn t feed and clean animals.
C. Finish sme studies n the exhibits.
D. Help elderly visitrs interact with animals.
2. Which psitin mst suits a bilgy majr?
A. Cllectins Vlunteer.B. Animal Care Vlunteer.
C. Educatin Prgram Vlunteer.D. Z Ambassadr Vlunteer.
3. What is the main purpse f the text?
A. T list the advantages f vlunteers.
B. T spread knwledge abut vlunteers.
C. T train mre peple t becme vlunteers.
D. T intrduce sme psitins abut vlunteers.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了生态博物馆提供的几个志愿者职位的具体情况和具体要求。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。文章Animal Care Vlunteer部分讲到“Animal care vlunteers will aid in all areas f husbandry (农牧业), including feeding, cleaning, recrd keeping, training animals, and behaviral bservatins. (动物关爱志愿者将在畜牧业的所有领域提供帮助，包括喂养、清洁、记录、训练动物和行为观察)”可知，爱护动物志愿者可以学习喂养和清洁动物。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。文章Cllectins Vlunteer部分讲到“This is an excellent psitin fr a high schl r cllege student cnsidering a career in bilgy r lab science (对于考虑从事生物学或实验室科学职业的高中生或大学生来说，这是一个非常好的职位)”可知，收集志愿者最适合生物专业的学生。故选A。
3题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了生态博物馆提供的几个志愿者职位的具体情况和具体要求。文章第一段讲到“T be cnsidered fr a mre specific psitin, lk thrugh the vlunteer listings belw, and submit an applicatin(要考虑更具体的职位，请查看下面的志愿者名单，然后提交申请)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是介绍一些关于志愿者的职位。故选D。
B
A self-described “girly girl”, nine-year-ld Zandra Cunningham was cnstantly begging her parents fr the latest beauty prducts. One day her dad simply tld her “n”, which inspired her t make her wn.
Zandra has been recgnized by Entrepreneur magazine as ne f the yungest millinaires in America. When asked abut her experience as a child entrepreneur (企业家) Zandra says, “It wasn’t frightening. When yu’re yung, yu dn’t have that fear mentality. ‘Maybe it’s nt ging t wrk’ never really crssed my mind.” Fr Zandra, it became a challenge t separate her persnal interest frm what her custmers actually wanted. “There were a lt f things that I felt were gd ideas, but they wuldn’t fit int the market,” she says. Being part f the market herself, Zandra felt she had a unique perspective that allwed her t truly listen and respnd t her custmers.
It started as a hbby fr Zandra and her mm. They’d play arund with different ingredients until they fund frmulas they liked “thrugh trial and errr”. Slwly, they started transfrming the pastime int a brand. Zandra began selling her prducts at lcal markets, and a few years later—when Zandra was 12 years ld — the family started a shp fr Zandra Beauty. At the time, Zandra Beauty was ne f the first brands t ffer plant-based and rganic beauty prducts at an affrdable price. The 21-year-ld has essentially grwn up alngside her brand—but her gals have remained the same: “Our main fcus is t push ut amazing prducts that are safe fr everyne and the earth.”
“There’re s many brands ding similar things, but there’s still s much rm t grw,” says Zandra. “Yur custmers are ut there, and yu just have t find smething that’s ging t set yu apart.”
4. What can be inferred frm Zandra’s wrds in paragraph 2?
A. Her yung mind made her fearless.
B. Her parents supprted her greatly.
C. She had much precius experience.
D. She was always very caring.
5. Which f the fllwing is the mst imprtant in Zandra’s pinin?
A. Sharing her persnal interests.B. The diversity f hbbies.
C. Changing the glbal market.D. The need f custmers.
6. What kind f prduct des Zandra mainly pursue?
A. The ne that is cheap and useful.
B. The ne that is enjyed by her mm.
C. The ne that is created by trial and errr.
D. The ne that is reliable and ec-friendly.
7. What is Zandra’s attitude twards the future f her brand?
A. Hpeful.B. Cncerned.C. Dubtful.D. Relieved.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了九岁的Zandra Cunningham从小就对美容产品感兴趣，她自学制作美容产品并在当地市场销售，后来创立了自己的美容品牌Zandra Beauty。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中Zandra的话“It wasn’t frightening. When yu’re yung, yu dn’t have that fear mentality. ‘Maybe it’s nt ging t wrk’ never really crssed my mind.(这并不可怕。当你年轻的时候，你不会有那种恐惧的心态。我从来没有想过“也许这行不通”)”可知，从Zandra的话可以推出年轻的头脑使她无所畏惧。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Fr Zandra, it became a challenge t separate her persnal interest frm what her custmers actually wanted. “There were a lt f things that I felt were gd ideas, but they wuldn’t fit int the market,” she says. Being part f the market herself, Zandra felt she had a unique perspective that allwed her t truly listen and respnd t her custmers.(对Zandra来说，将她的个人兴趣与客户的实际需求区分开来是一项挑战。她说：“有很多东西我觉得是好主意，但它们不适合市场。”作为市场的一部分，Zandra觉得她有一个独特的视角，使她能够真正倾听和回应她的客户)”可知，Zandra认为自己觉得好的不一定适合市场，不能根据自己的个人兴趣来推断客户的实际需求，真正倾听和回应她的客户的需求才是最重要的。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“At the time, Zandra Beauty was ne f the first brands t ffer plant-based and rganic beauty prducts at an affrdable price. The 21-year-ld has essentially grwn up alngside her brand—but her gals have remained the same: “Our main fcus is t push ut amazing prducts that are safe fr everyne and the earth.”(当时，赞德拉美容是第一个以可承受的价格提供植物性和有机美容产品的品牌之一。这位21岁的女孩基本上是和她的品牌一起成长的，但她的目标一直保持不变：“我们的主要重点是推出对每个人和地球都安全的神奇产品。”)”可知，Zandra的产品是植物性的有机美容产品，对每个人和地球都是安全的。所以她的产品主要追求产品的可靠和环保。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Zandra的话“There’re s many brands ding similar things, but there’s still s much rm t grw(有很多品牌在做类似的事情，但仍有很大的发展空间)”和“Yur custmers are ut there, and yu just have t find smething that’s ging t set yu apart.(你的客户就在那里，你只需要找到能让你与众不同的东西)”可推知，Zandra认为自己的品牌仍然有很大的发展空间，对自己品牌的未来满怀希望。故选A项。
C
Pwer frm hme-based wind turbines (涡轮机) can be used lcally, r sld back t the pwer cmpany t ffset pwer csts. Pwer cmpanies buy green pwer frm hmewners at retail (零售) rates, rather than the lwer whlesale rates.
There is a great deal f pwer t use in the wind, and even a small hmewner can get invlved. An effective way t use wind pwer is with a hme wind turbine. Wind pwer is incnsistent in mst areas f the wrld, s a wind generatr alne is seldm sufficient t pwer a huse.
Hwever, a single wind generatr can ease pwer cst in a husehld, especially cupled with ther frms f clean energy, such as slar pwer. Multiple turbines can even be cnnected with a battery strage system fr the husehld that wants t be cmpletely reliant n air fr pwer. One f the mst impressive aspects f air as a pwer surce is that nce the turbine is in place, it perates at zer carbn prductin, making it an extremely envirnmentally friendly pwer surce.
When siting wind turbines, the fllwing factrs shuld be kept in mind: check with the lcal gvernment fr the laws and regulatins abut siting wind turbines. Wind speeds are always higher at the tp f a hill, n a shreline, and in places clear f trees and ther structures. Remember that trees grw ver the years; wind turbine twers d nt. Ensure neighbrs are infrmed f plans early n t avid cnflict later n. Wind turbines can be a surce f green pwer that will keep paying ff fr years t cme, thugh the initial investment can be high. Bear in mind that the wind turbines are als likely t cause prblems fr wildlife, especially birds and bats.
8. What des the underlined wrd “ffset” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Result in.B. Call ff.C. Make up fr.D. Give rise t.
9. Why is a wind turbine inadequate t meet the pwer demand f a huse?
A. Wind turbines have a lw efficiency.
B. Smetimes there is little wind t take advantage f.
C. The husehld cnsumes t much electricity.
D. Wind pwer is cnsistent in mst areas f the wrld.
10. Which ges against building a huse cmpletely reliant n green pwer?
A. Multiple turbines.B. A battery strage system.
C. Slar pwer.D. Carbn prductin.
11. What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A. The best places fr siting wind turbines.
B. The disadvantages f siting wind turbines.
C. Matters needing attentin when siting wind turbines.
D. Csts and dangers f siting wind turbines eclgically.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家庭式风力发电机的工作原理、优势、使用注意事项等，旨在向读者提供关于这种绿色能源技术的全面信息。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“Pwer cmpanies buy green pwer frm hmewners at retail (零售) rates, rather than the lwer whlesale rates.(电力公司以零售价格从房主手中购买绿色电力，而不是以较低的批发价格购买。)”可推测，电力公司可购买家用风力涡轮机产生的电力从而抵消电力消耗。选项A“Result in (导致)”；选项B“Call ff (取消)”；选项C“Make up fr (弥补，抵消)”；选项D“Give rise t (引起)”；所以划线单词和项中的make up fr意义一致。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Wind pwer is incnsistent in mst areas f the wrld, s a wind generatr alne is seldm sufficient t pwer a huse.(风力发电在世界上大多数地区是不稳定的，所以单独的风力发电机很少足以为一所房子供电。)”可知，风力涡轮机不足以满足一个家庭的电力需求是因为风力发电在世界上大多数地区是不稳定的，有时候并没有风可利用。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Hwever, a single wind generatr can ease pwer cst in a husehld, especially cupled with ther frms f clean energy, such as slar pwer. Multiple turbines can even be cnnected with a battery strage system fr the husehld that wants t be cmpletely reliant n air fr pwer. One f the mst impressive aspects f air as a pwer surce is that nce the turbine is in place, it perates at zer carbn prductin, making it an extremely envirnmentally friendly pwer surce.(然而，一个风力发电机可以减轻家庭的电力成本，特别是与其他形式的清洁能源，如太阳能相结合。多个涡轮机甚至可以连接到一个电池存储系统，供想要完全依赖空气供电的家庭使用。空气作为动力源最令人印象深刻的方面之一是，一旦涡轮机就位，它就会以零碳排放的方式运行，使其成为一种极其环保的动力源。)”可判断，选项A“Multiple turbines(多涡轮)”、选项B“A battery strage system.(电池存储系统)”和选项C“Slar pwer(太阳能)”都是绿色环保的。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“When siting wind turbines, the fllwing factrs shuld be kept in mind: check with the lcal gvernment fr the laws and regulatins abut siting wind turbines. Wind speeds are always higher at the tp f a hill, n a shreline, and in places clear f trees and ther structures. Remember that trees grw ver the years; wind turbine twers d nt. Ensure neighbrs are infrmed f plans early n t avid cnflict later n.(风电机组选址时，应注意以下几点:向当地政府查询有关风电机组选址的法律法规。在山顶、海岸线上以及没有树木和其他建筑物的地方，风速总是更高。记住，树木会随着岁月而生长;而风力涡轮机塔则不然。确保邻居们尽早了解计划，以避免以后的冲突。)”可知，最后一段主要讲述的是风力涡轮机选址注意事项。故选C。
D
Researchers have lng thught that rewards like fd r mney encurage learning in the brain by causing the release f dpamine (多巴胺), knwn t enhance the strage f new infrmatin. Nw, a new study describes hw learning still ccurs in the absence f rewards.
The study explred the relatinship between dpamine and acetylchline (乙酰胆碱). Past research had shwn that they cmpete with ne anther. T prvide sme clarity, the study authrs fcused n when and under what circumstances dpamine levels are high at the same time as acetylchline levels are lw. They fund that this situatin ccurs frequently, even in the absence f rewards.
“Our findings challenge the current understanding f when and hw dpamine and acetylchline wrk tgether,” said study lead authr Anne Krk. “Rather than creating unique cnditins fr learning, rewards take advantage f a mechanism that is already in place and is cnstantly at wrk.”
The study team gave dzens f mice access t a wheel n which they culd run r rest. On ccasin, the researchers ffered the animals a drink f water. Then they recrded the mice’s brain activity and measured the amunt f dpamine and acetylchline released at different mments. As expected, the drink treats created the typical patterns f dpamine and acetylchline release that are prmpted by rewards. Hwever, the team als bserved that befre receiving water treats, dpamine and acetylchline already fllwed “rise and fall” cycles apprximately twice every secnd. Krk ntes that this pattern cntinued regardless f whether the mice were running r standing still. “Similar brain waves have been bserved in humans during perids f self-examinatin and rest,” she adds.
“These results may help explain hw the brain learns n its wn, withut the need fr external rewards,” said study senir authr Niclas Tritsch.
Tritsch says, “The results f the study may als ffer insight int new ways f understanding depressin. Lack f mtivatin is a cmmn symptm f depressin, making it challenging t perfrm basic tasks. It is pssible that a disruptin (扰乱) in the internal-drive system might be cntributing t this issue.”
12. What des the new study find abut dpamine and acetylchline?
A. Their cmpetitive relatinship.
B. The effective cperatin between them.
C. Their existing wrking mechanism.
D. The rle they play in infrmatin strage.
13. What d the experiments n mice shw?
A. Hw muse brains prcess new infrmatin.
B. The release patterns f dpamine and acetylchline.
C. What causes the release f dpamine and acetylchline.
D. The difference between muse brain waves and thse f humans.
14. What might be the cause f depressin accrding t the text?
A. Lack f mtivatin.
B. Lack f external rewards.
C. The inability t deal with tasks.
D. The disrder f the internal-drive system.
15. What is the main idea f the text?
A. Learning ability can be imprved cnstantly.
B. Learning can ccur withut external rewards.
C. Rewards encurage learning in the brain.
D. Dpamine release is the key t learning.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了一项关于大脑学习的新研究，挑战了以往认为奖励是促进学习的因素的观念。该研究发现，在没有外部奖励的情况下，多巴胺和乙酰胆碱仍然会相互作用，产生一种特定的模式。这种模式持续发生，不受实验中的老鼠是否在跑步或休息的影响。研究结果可能有助于解释大脑如何在自主学习时运作，并为理解抑郁症提供新的视角。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“T prvide sme clarity, the study authrs fcused n when and under what circumstances dpamine levels are high at the same time as acetylchline levels are lw. They fund that this situatin ccurs frequently, even in the absence f rewards. (为了更明确一些，该研究的作者关注的是何时以及在何种情况下多巴胺水平高而乙酰胆碱水平低。他们发现，即使在没有奖励的情况下，这种情况也经常发生)”可知，新的研究发现了多巴胺和乙酰胆碱水平变化的条件，即两者的作用机制。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“As expected, the drink treats created the typical patterns f dpamine and acetylchline release that are prmpted by rewards. Hwever, the team als bserved that befre receiving water treats, dpamine and acetylchline already fllwed “rise and fall” cycles apprximately twice every secnd. Krk ntes that this pattern cntinued regardless f whether the mice were running r standing still. (不出所料，这些水创造了多巴胺和乙酰胆碱释放的典型模式，这些模式是由奖励引起的。然而，该团队还观察到，在接受水的奖励之前，多巴胺和乙酰胆碱已经遵循大约每秒两次的“上升和下降”周期。Krk指出，无论老鼠是在奔跑还是静止不动，这种模式都会继续)”可知，在老鼠身上的实验显示了多巴胺和乙酰胆碱一直在进行周期性地释放，即两者的释放模式。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Lack f mtivatin is a cmmn symptm f depressin, making it challenging t perfrm basic tasks. It is pssible that a disruptin (扰乱) in the internal-drive system might be cntributing t this issue. (缺乏动力是抑郁症的常见症状，使完成基本任务变得困难。内部驱动系统的紊乱可能是导致此问题的原因之一)”可知，内部驱动系统的紊乱可能是抑郁症的原因。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Nw, a new study describes hw learning still ccurs in the absence f rewards. (现在，一项新的研究描述了在没有奖励的情况下学习是如何发生的)”可知，文章主要围绕一项关于大脑学习的新研究展开，该研究发现，在没有外部奖励的情况下，多巴胺和乙酰胆碱仍然会相互作用，产生一种特定的模式。这种模式持续发生，不受实验中的老鼠是否在跑步或休息的影响。这挑战了以往认为奖励是促进学习的因素的观念，有助于解释大脑如何在自主学习时运作，并为理解抑郁症提供新的视角。因此，文章主要是关于“学习可以在没有外部奖励的情况下进行”。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While scializing cmes naturally fr sme, it can be a struggle fr thers. Shyness is a nrmal, cmmn persnality trait (特征). ____16____. If yu’re ften hesitant t engage in scial situatins, yu may interact with thse arund yu in a mre cmfrtable way. We utline fur strategies fr vercming shyness in life.
Get Excited Abut A New Adventure
Yu may have been shy mst f yur life. ____17____. Wrking thrugh shyness and develping increased cnfidence may seem like a discuraging task fr yu, but viewing the jurney as an exciting adventure t parts unknwn can be exciting and, in turn, may bst yur self-esteem.
Pay Attentin T Yur Wrds
____18____. Talking t yurself in a negative way when describing yurself can damage yur self-cnfidence. Cnsider replacing phrases like “I am shy” with “I am learning t be mre cmfrtable” in scial situatins. This can g a lng way tward mving frm shyness t cnfidence.
Practice Mindfulness (正念)
Mindfulness invlves drawing yur attentin t the present and being aware f yur thughts, feelings, and surrundings. ____19____. In ne study, participants in a mindfulness prgram experienced an imprved view f their self-wrth.
Take Small Steps
Getting started can be the hardest part f learning hw t be mre scial fr thse wh are shy. ____20____. Yu can start ut small. Try chatting with the teller at the bank r the persn ahead f yu in the checkut line. This can help yu build cnfidence and wrk yur way up t mre difficult challenges.
A. If s, that’s a part f yu that yu’re used t
B. Smetimes the best path tward addressing a fear is expsure
C. Mindfulness can help reduce symptms f scial anxiety disrder
D. Taking time t tend t yur appearance can make a big difference
E. Hw we cmmunicate and characterize urselves can be pwerful
F. Hwever, shyness can make it hard fr peple t cnnect with thers and achieve their gals
G. But engaging with peple desn’t have t be practiced as an imprtant wrk presentatin
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. E 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了克服害羞的四个策略。
【16题详解】
上文“Shyness is a nrmal, cmmn persnality trait (特征).(害羞是一种正常的、普遍的性格特征)”介绍害羞是一种正常的、普遍的性格特征，F项“Hwever, shyness can make it hard fr peple t cnnect with thers and achieve their gals (然而，害羞会使人们难以与他人交流，难以实现自己的目标)”承接上文，说明害羞可能带来的不良影响，与上文构成转折关系，进而引出下文“We utline fur strategies fr vercming shyness in life.(我们概述了克服生活中害羞的四种策略)”中克服害羞的策略，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
【17题详解】
上文“Yu may have been shy mst f yur life.(你可能一生中大部分时间都很害羞)”假设了一种情况：你可能一生中大部分时间都很害羞，A项“If s, that’s a part f yu that yu’re used t (如果是这样的话，那是你生活中已经习惯了的一部分)”再次强调害羞已经成为生活习惯，进而引出下文“viewing the jurney as an exciting adventure t parts unknwn can be exciting (把这段旅程看作是一场令人兴奋的冒险，去探索未知的地方，这是令人兴奋的)”中把克服害羞视为对习惯的挑战，视为一场冒险的表达，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
【18题详解】
小标题“Pay Attentin T Yur Wrds(注意你的话语)”提出注意语言，E项“Hw we cmmunicate and characterize urselves can be pwerful (我们交流和描述自己的方式会很产生巨大影响)”说明了要注意话语的原因：我们交流和描述自己时选择的话语会产生巨大影响，下文“Talking t yurself in a negative way when describing yurself can damage yur self-cnfidence.(在描述自己时用消极的方式会损害你的自信)”承接E项，对影响进行了具体地举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据小标题“Practice Mindfulness (正念) (修习正念)”和上文“Mindfulness invlves drawing yur attentin t the present and being aware f yur thughts, feelings, and surrundings.(正念包括把你的注意力集中到现在，意识到你的想法、感觉和周围的环境)”可知本段讲正念，C项“Mindfulness can help reduce symptms f scial anxiety disrder(正念可以帮助减轻社交焦虑障碍的症状)”承接上文，介绍正念的作用，上下文语意一致。故选C项。
【20题详解】
上文“Getting started can be the hardest part f learning hw t be mre scial fr thse wh are shy.(对于那些害羞的人来说，如何开始可能是学习如何更合群的的最难的部分)”提出“开始”是最难的部分，G项“But engaging with peple desn’t have t be practiced as an imprtant wrk presentatin(但是，与人互动并不需要像重要的工作报告那样去练习)”承接上文，说明虽然很难，但也并不像练习工作报告那样正式，也没有那么难，进而引出下文的正确方法“Yu can start ut small.(从小事做起，一步一步来)”。故选G项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Packing up my luggage, I felt a wave f fear. Maybe tmrrw’s flight wuld be ____21____ and I didn’t have t g after all — I ____22____ hped. It was May 2022, and I’d ____23____ my jb in Lndn t begin a year-lng jurney arund the wrld.
I lved t travel and had been ____24____ t visit many cuntries with friends and family. This time, I’d be travelling alne, which was pretty ____25____ fr a wman with a disability, thugh I have learnt t ____26____ life in a wheelchair since I was 7.
Accessibility isn’t much f a(n) ____27____ in sme cuntries, but my first ____28____ n my sl trip was Bali. Althugh I’d ensured my htel wuldn’t be a prblem, I culdn’t ____29____ any risks.
“If it desn’t ____30____, yu can always cme hme.” my parents ____31____ me. But I wasn’t ging t give up withut a ____32____.
In Bali, the htel where I stayed was ____33____ by a kind wman wh made sure I had ____34____ t the shwer and anything else I needed. With her help, I made it t a muntain ____35____ and saw mst f the island’s sights. As ____36____, the view frm the tp was thrilling.
After that, I made the trip up as I went, staying in a cuntry until I gt ____37____ and mved n t the next. Wherever I went, such as Africa and Asia, I was greatly impressed by the ____38____ f strangers helping me.
____39____ I’d visited a ttal f 66 cuntries n my wn by February 2023. Nw, I’m fully ____40____ that a disability desn’t have t stp a persn frm getting ut there and seeing the wrld.
21.
A. arrangedB. analysedC. bkedD. cancelled
22.
A. curiuslyB. secretlyC. dubtfullyD. prudly
23.
A. prmisedB. prvedC. fundD. quit
24.
A. sensitiveB. nervusC. frtunateD. unwilling
25.
A. disappintingB. frighteningC. embarrassingD. exciting
26.
A. bject tB. cmpare tC. adapt tD. belng t
27.
A. issueB. experienceC. demandD. benefit
28.
A. cllectinB. cmmunicatinC. assumptinD. destinatin
29.
A. ridB. updateC. rganizeD. tlerate
30.
A. wrk utB. settle dwnC. cme utD. break dwn
31.
A. believedB. ignredC. helpedD. cmfrted
32.
A. strategyB. rewardC. fightD. supprt
33.
A. challengedB. runC. damagedD. suspected
34.
A. accessB. respnseC. referenceD. addictin
35.
A. villageB. rangeC. peakD. stream
36.
A. preparedB. explainedC. requiredD. predicted
37.
A. fascinatedB. bredC. accustmedD. amused
38.
A. crueltyB. stubbrnnessC. kindnessD. selfishness
39.
A. T start withB. Frm then nC. Nw and thenD. Sner r later
40.
A. cnvincedB. guessedC. wrriedD. questined
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了自己作为残疾人独自旅行的故事和感受。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许明天的航班会取消，这样我就不用去了——我暗自希望。A. arranged安排；B. analysed分析；C. bked预定；D. cancelled取消。根据前文的“I felt a wave f fear”和后文的“I didn’t have t g after all — I 2 hped.”可知，作者害怕去，所以希望明天的航班会被取消。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许明天的航班会取消，这样我就不用去了——我暗自希望。A. curiusly好奇地；B. secretly暗自感觉地；C. dubtfully怀疑地；D. prudly骄傲地。根据前文的“Maybe tmrrw’s flight wuld be 1 and I didn’t have t g”可知，也许明天的航班会取消，这样就不用去了，这是作者暗自希望的。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是2022年5月，我辞去了在伦敦的工作，开始了为期一年的环球旅行。A. prmised答应；B. prved证明；C. fund发现；D. quit离开（工作职位、学校等）。根据后文的“t begin a year-lng jurney arund the wrld”可知，作者开始了为期一年的环球旅行，可推测出作者辞去了在伦敦的工作。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢旅行，并有幸与朋友和家人一起访问了许多国家。A. sensitive敏感的；B. nervus紧张的；C. frtunate幸运的；D. unwilling不情愿的。根据前文的“I lved t travel”和后文“visit many cuntries with friends and family”可知，作者喜欢旅行，与朋友和家人一起访问了许多国家，所以作者认为这是幸运的。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一次，我将独自旅行，这对一个有残疾的女人来说是相当可怕的，尽管我从7岁起就学会了适应轮椅的生活。A. disappinting令人失望的；B. frightening可怕的；C. embarrassing令人尴尬的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据前文的“I’d be travelling alne”和后文“fr a wman with a disability”可知，对一个有残疾的女人来说独自旅行是相当可怕的。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这一次，我将独自旅行，这对一个有残疾的女人来说是相当可怕的，尽管我从7岁起就学会了适应轮椅的生活。A. bject t反对；B. cmpare t与……相比；C. adapt t适应；D. belng t属于。根据后文的“life in a wheelchair since I was 7”可知，从7岁起作者就学会了适应轮椅的生活。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一些国家，交通便利性不是什么大问题，但我独自旅行的第一个目的地是巴厘岛。A. issue问题；B. experience经验；C. demand需求；D. benefit利益。根据前文的“Accessibility isn’t much f a(n)”可知，无障碍在一些国家不是什么大问题。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一些国家，交通便利性不是什么大问题，但我独自旅行的第一个目的地是巴厘岛。A. cllectin藏品；B. cmmunicatin交流；C. assumptin假设；D. destinatin目的地。根据后文的“n my sl trip was Bali”可知，作者独自旅行的第一个目的地是巴厘岛。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我保证我住的酒店不会有问题，但我无法消除任何风险。A. rid摆脱，消除，去掉；B. update更新；C. rganize组织；D. tlerate容许。根据前文的“Althugh I’d ensured my htel wuldn’t be a prblem, I culdn’t”和后文“any risks”可知，逗号前为让步状语从句，与逗号后的句子构成转折，所以虽然作者保证自己住的酒店不会有问题，但却无法消除任何风险。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果进展不顺利，你可以随时回家。A. wrk ut进展（顺利）；B. settle dwn锻炼；C. cme ut出来；D. break dwn发生故障。根据后文的“yu can always cme hme”可知，父母安慰作者如果旅行进展不顺利，可以随时回家。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父母安慰我说。A. believed相信；B. ignred忽略；C. helped帮助；D. cmfrted安慰。根据前文的“If it desn’t 10 , yu can always cme hme”可知，“如果旅行进展不顺利，可以随时回家”，这是父母对作者的安慰。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我不会不战而退。A. strategy策略；B. reward奖励；C. fight战斗；D. supprt支持。根据前文的“I wasn’t ging t give up withut”可知，父母安慰作者如果旅行进展不顺利，可以随时回家，但是作者不想不战而退。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在巴厘岛，我住的酒店是由一位好心的女士经营的，她确保我有淋浴和其他我需要的东西。A. challenged挑战；B. run经营；C. damaged破坏；D. suspected怀疑。根据后文的“by a kind wman wh made sure I had 14 t the shwer and anything else I needed.”可知，她确保作者可以淋浴和其他作者需要的东西，可推知酒店是由这位善良的女士经营的。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在巴厘岛，我住的酒店是由一位好心的女士经营的，她确保我有淋浴和其他我需要的东西。A. access获得的机会；B. respnse响应；C. reference参考；D. addictin上瘾。根据后文的“t the shwer and anything else I needed”可知，经营酒店的女士确保作者可以淋浴和其他作者需要的东西。have access t sth.“能够获得某物”。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的帮助下，我登上了一座山峰，看到了岛上的大部分风景。A. village村；B. range范围；C. peak山峰；D. stream流动。根据下文的“the view frm the tp was thrilling”可知，作者从山顶俯瞰景色，所以作者在她的帮助下，登上了一座山峰。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如预测的那样，从山顶俯瞰的景色令人激动。A. prepared准备；B. explained解释道；C. required要求；D. predicted预测。根据后文的“the view frm the tp was thrilling”可知，从山顶俯瞰的景色令人激动，这是上山之前就预测到的。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，我就按照我所去的地方去旅行，在一个国家呆着，直到我感到无聊，然后去下一个国家。A. fascinated着迷的；B. bred无聊的；C. accustmed习惯的；D. amused好笑的。根据后文的“and mved n t the next”可知，作者去下一个国家，是因为作者感到无聊了，想换一个地方。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论我走到哪里，比如非洲和亚洲，我都对陌生人帮助我的善良印象深刻。A. cruelty残忍；B. stubbrnness固执；C. kindness善良；D. selfishness自私。根据后文的“strangers helping me”可知，陌生人帮助作者，这是善良的行为。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：从那时起，到2023年2月，我已经独自访问了66个国家。A. T start with 起初，首先；B. Frm then n从那时起；C. Nw and then不时；D. Sner r later迟早。根据后文的“I’d visited a ttal f 66 cuntries n my wn by February 2023”可知，从那时起，即自从巴厘岛的旅行，到2023年2月，作者已经独自访问了66个国家。故选B项。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，我完全相信残疾并不一定会阻止一个人走出去看世界。A. cnvinced确信的；B. guessed猜测；C. wrried担心的；D. questined怀疑的。根据前文“I’d visited a ttal f 66 cuntries n my wn by February 2023.”和后文的“that a disability desn’t have t stp a persn frm getting ut there and seeing the wrld”可知，残疾并不一定会阻止一个人走出去看世界，这是作者现在所相信的。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cld temperature, biting wind, heavy snw and slippery rads are the cmmn challenges ____41____ truble r even interrupt winter utings.
The first cld wave f winter ____42____ (strike) Nrtheast China since Nvember, causing a temperature drp f 6℃ t 8℃ and snw accumulatin f ver 30 ____43____ (centimeter). Hwever, fr the students and the faculty (全体教师) at Harbin Institute f Technlgy in Nrtheast China, wh have been severely affected by the recent cld wave and blizzard, their rutes have been made easy, warm and safe thanks t the newly built skywalks n the campus. They ____44____ (cmfrtable ) mve between classrms, libraries, cafeterias, drmitries and the gym in shrt sleeves thrugh skywalks all within a 5-minute walk. Sme students have even been sptted ____45____ (enjy) ice cream while admiring the snwy scenery alng the pathways. Praise and ____46____ (admire) have pured in fr the usefulness f the skywalks and the thughtfulness f the cllege.
____47____ (launch) in 2022, the cnstructin f skywalks n campus is aimed at effectively reducing the impact f extreme weather ____48____ the campus life and enhancing cnvenience fr bth faculty and students. With ____49____ ttal length f 1,330.13 meters, the skywalks are built in three phrases. Currently, 881.81-meter skywalks are _____50_____ (access).
【答案】41. that##which
42. has struck/has stricken
43. centimeters##centimetres
44. cmfrtably
45. enjying
46. admiratin
47. Launched
48. n##upn
49. a 50. accessible
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国东北地区哈尔滨工业大学新建天桥为师生提供便利的事迹。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：寒冷的气温、刺骨的寒风、大雪和湿滑的道路是困扰甚至中断冬季外出的常见挑战。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“the cmmn challenges”，关系词在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：自11月以来，第一波冬季寒潮袭击了中国东北地区，造成气温下降6至8℃，积雪超过30厘米。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“since Nvember”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“The first cld wave f winter”，单数，谓语动词用has。故填has stuck或has stricken。
【43题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：自11月以来，第一波冬季寒潮袭击了中国东北地区，造成气温下降6至8℃，积雪超过30厘米。根据空前的“30”可知，空处为可数名词的复数形式。故填centimeters/centimetres。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们穿着短袖舒适地穿梭于教室、图书馆、食堂、宿舍和健身房之间，步行不到5分钟。修饰动词“mve”用副词形式。故填cmfrtably。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一些学生甚至被看到一边欣赏小路上的雪景，一边享用冰淇淋。非谓语动词担当主语补足语，构成短语：spt sb. ding sth.，意为“看到某人在做某事”，符合本句句意。故填enjying。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：人们纷纷赞美和赞赏天桥的实用性和学院的周到。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式担当主语。故填admiratin。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：校园天桥于2022年启动，旨在有效减少极端天气对校园生活的影响，并为教师和学生提供便利。非谓语动词担当状语，主语“the cnstructin f skywalks”和动词“launch”之间为被动关系；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Launched。
【48题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：校园天桥于2022年启动，旨在有效减少极端天气对校园生活的影响，并为教师和学生提供便利。固定短语：the impact n/upn…，意为“对……的影响”，符合句意。故填n或upn。
【49题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：空中步道总长1330.13米，分三期建造。短语：a length f，意为“长……”，符合句意。故填a。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：目前，881.81米的空中步道可供使用。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词担当表语，意为“可供使用”。故填accessible。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(/)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分
This mrning I went t my favrite restaurant fr breakfast as usually. Tuched by an elderly cuple next t me, s I ffered t pay fr them. Knwing their request, the wner there tld me ne f her unfrgettable day. It was a cld mrning that she went with her baby t the stre. Her baby was screaming and crying, and she said srry t all the ther peple try t shp in peace. Then, when she gt the bill, she realized that smene else have paid fr it. It tuched her s much that it brings her t tears. After she saw me ding this, it reminded her that mment which meant s much t her.
【答案】1. usually→ usual
2. 去掉s
3. their→ my
4. day→ days
5. that→ when/and
6. the→ a
7. try→ trying
8. have→ had
9. brings→ brught
10. her后加f/abut
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者吃早餐时为一对老夫妇买单的善举，而这一善举也让店主想起自己曾经得到的善举。
【详解】1. 考查固定短语。句意：今天早上我像往常一样去我最喜欢的餐馆吃早餐。固定短语：as usual，意为“像往常一样”，符合本句句意。故将usually改为usual。
2. 考查句子结构。句意：因为被我旁边的一对老夫妇感动了，我主动提出为他们买单。分析句子结构可知，“Tuched by an elderly cuple next t me”为状语，逗号后为主句，不需要用“s”连接。故将s去掉。
3. 考查代词。句意：店老板知道我的要求后，给我讲了她难忘的一天。分析句意可知，老板是听到我想为老人买单的要求，而不是“他们的”要求。故将their改为my。
4. 考查名词的数。句意：店老板知道我的要求后，给我讲了她难忘的一天。固定搭配：ne f the +名词的复数形式，意为“……之一”。故将day改为days。
5. 考查句子结构。 句意：那是一个寒冷的早晨，她带着孩子去商店。分析句子结构可知，“she went with her baby t a stre”可以为并列句，也可以是定语从句。如果是并列句，和上文没有转折关系，可用and连接；如果是定语从句，先行词为“a cld mrning”在定语从句中担当时间状语，可用when引导。故将that改为when或and。
6. 考查冠词。句意：那是一个寒冷的早晨，她带着孩子去商店。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词。故将the改为a。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：她的孩子又哭又闹，她向所有想安静购物的人道歉。非谓语担当后置定语，被修饰词“all the ther peple”和动词“try”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故将try改为trying。
8. 考查时态。句意：然后，当她拿到账单时，她意识到别人已经付过钱了。这里为从句谓语动词，根据主句时态以及句意可知，从句时态为过去完成时。故将have改为had。
9. 考查时态。句意：这件事使她感动得流下了眼泪。这里为从句谓语动词，根据主句时态可知，从句时态为一般过去时。故将brings改为brught。
10. 考查固定短语。句意：她看到我这样做后，想起了那个对她意义重大的时刻。固定短语：remind sb. f/abut sth，意为“使某人想起……”。故在her后加f或abut。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 你校英文报正在组织题为“My Understanding f Space Explratin”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 太空探索的重要性；
2. 你的理由；
3. 举例说明。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 题目已为你写好。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My Understanding f Space Explratin
In my pinin, space explratin is crucial fr the prgress and develpment f mankind. The reasns are as fllws.
First f all it expands ur understanding f the universe and its rigin, cntributing t advancements in astrnmy. In additin, it drives technlgical innvatin and imprves ur everyday lives. Technlgies like satellite cmmunicatin and weather frecast have develped frm space prgrams. Lastly, space explratin presents pprtunities fr future resurce utilizatin.
We ften benefit frm space explratin. Fr example, when we g t an unfamiliar place, we always turn t GPS fr help, and that is ne f the achievements f space explratin. In a wrd, by investing in space explratin, we pave the way fr a better future.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的稿件。要求考生用英语写一篇短文投稿，参加校英文报组织的题为“My Understanding f Space Explratin”的征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：crucial→ imprtant
其次：in additin → what’s mre
最后：lastly→ last but nt least
简言之：in a wrd → in shrt
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In a wrd, by investing in space explratin, we pave the way fr a better future.
拓展句：In a wrd, if we invest in space explratin, we pave the way fr a better future.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First f all, it expands ur understanding f the universe and its rigin, cntributing t advancements in astrnmy.（运用了现在分词形式担当结果状语）
【高分句型2】Fr example, when we g t an unfamiliar place, we always turn t GPS fr help, and that is ne f the achievements f space explratin.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
听力答案：1—5 CCBAC 6—10 BBCAB 11—15 AABAB 16—20 BCACA
1. 本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。
2. 请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What des the wman ask the by t stp ding?
A. Getting ut f the elevatr.
B. Ging t the playgrund.
C. Jumping in the elevatr.
2. What will happen abut the city center?
A. There will be mre pllutin.
B. There will be mre parking areas.
C. There will be mre bicycle tracks.
3. Hw will the wman pay?
A. In cash. B. By credit card. C. By check.
4. Why is the wman unsatisfied with the fish?
A. It tastes terrible. B. It is served t late. C. It’s nt what she rdered.
5. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a restaurant. B. At a gas statin. C. In a theatre.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各您看到的资料都源自我们平台，20多万份最新小初高试卷，家威鑫 MXSJ663 免费下载 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Wh des the man want t speak t?
A. Mary Jnes. B. David Bwie. C. Jack Stewart.
7. When will the training curse start?
A. On June 12th. B. On July 12th. C. On July 22nd.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Hw much is the rent fr the extra large tent per day?
A. $10. B. $50. C. $60.
9. What will the man d next?
A. Reserve a tent. B. Lk fr a camping site. C. Change his camping plan.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When will the man visit the campus?
A. On Mnday mrning. B. On Mnday afternn. C. On Tuesday afternn.
11. Which year f cllege are the speakers prbably in nw?
A. The first year. B. The secnd year. C. The third year.
12. What activity will the man take part in n Tuesday mrning?
A. Library Tur. B. Careers Lecture. C. Student Unin Inductin.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What psitin is the man applying fr?
A. A music teacher. B. A radi hst. C. A TV prducer.
14. What des the man say abut sending e-mails?
A. He is gd at it.
B. He needs time t practice it.
C. He prefers making phne calls t it.
15. What des the jb invlve accrding t the wman?
A. A lt f traffic. B. Getting up early. C. Dealing with cmplaints.
16. Wh appears in the man’s reference list?
A. His frmer bss. B. His frmer clleague. C. His frmer classmate.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When will the race be held this year?
A. On May 11th. B. On May 23rd. C. On May 24th.
18. Where des the race start?
A. At the ftball grund.
B. On the nrth side f the park.
C. At the main entrance f the park.
19. What can every runner get this year?
A. A T-shirt. B. A pair f running shes. C. A water bttle.
20. Wh can run in the race free f charge?
A. Children between 8 and 15.
B. Children under the age f 8.
C. Adults wh have registered in advance.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Vlunteer at the EcTarium! We simply culd nt ffer the prgrams and special events that make the EcTarium a unique resurce t ur cmmunity withut ur diverse and dedicated crps f vlunteers. T be cnsidered fr a mre specific psitin, lk thrugh the vlunteer listings belw, and submit an applicatin.
Z Ambassadr Vlunteer
Our z ambassadr vlunteers will assist the Zlgy Department t cnnect with guests thrugh engaging educatinal experiences abut ur animal residents. We are lking fr vlunteers wh are passinate abut animals and excited t interact with guests f all ages. Vlunteers may als cmplete behaviral studies n numerus animals within the care f the EcTarium t help enhance the welfare fr ur animals!
Animal Care Vlunteer
Animal care vlunteers will aid in all areas f husbandry (农牧业), including feeding, cleaning, recrd keeping, training animals, and behaviral bservatins. They will wrk with a variety f animals under ur care, including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and insects. The psitin is physically demanding and requires wrking in all weather cnditins.
Educatin Prgram Vlunteer
Thrugh cnversatins and hands-n activities, educatin prgram vlunteers help visitrs make meaningful cnnectins t ur exhibits, encurage curisity and scientific inquiry, and challenge visitrs t dive deeper int the cncepts explred at ur museum.
Cllectins Vlunteer
The EcTarium seeks vlunteers wh are interested in making a cntributin t science by uncvering lst specimens (标本) in the EcTarium cllectin! Phtgraph, measure, and take ntes n birds, eggs, seashells, r pressed flwers. This is an excellent psitin fr a high schl r cllege student cnsidering a career in bilgy r lab science. It is als apprpriate fr citizen scientists f any age. It ffers an pprtunity t see examples f rare r extinct plants and animals.
1. What can an animal care vlunteer d?
A Cllect lst specimens.
B. Learn t feed and clean animals.
C. Finish sme studies n the exhibits.
D. Help elderly visitrs interact with animals.
2. Which psitin mst suits a bilgy majr?
A. Cllectins Vlunteer.B. Animal Care Vlunteer.
C. Educatin Prgram Vlunteer.D. Z Ambassadr Vlunteer.
3. What is the main purpse f the text?
A. T list the advantages f vlunteers.
B. T spread knwledge abut vlunteers.
C. T train mre peple t becme vlunteers.
D. T intrduce sme psitins abut vlunteers.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了生态博物馆提供的几个志愿者职位的具体情况和具体要求。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。文章Animal Care Vlunteer部分讲到“Animal care vlunteers will aid in all areas f husbandry (农牧业), including feeding, cleaning, recrd keeping, training animals, and behaviral bservatins. (动物关爱志愿者将在畜牧业的所有领域提供帮助，包括喂养、清洁、记录、训练动物和行为观察)”可知，爱护动物志愿者可以学习喂养和清洁动物。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。文章Cllectins Vlunteer部分讲到“This is an excellent psitin fr a high schl r cllege student cnsidering a career in bilgy r lab science (对于考虑从事生物学或实验室科学职业的高中生或大学生来说，这是一个非常好的职位)”可知，收集志愿者最适合生物专业的学生。故选A。
3题详解】
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了生态博物馆提供的几个志愿者职位的具体情况和具体要求。文章第一段讲到“T be cnsidered fr a mre specific psitin, lk thrugh the vlunteer listings belw, and submit an applicatin(要考虑更具体的职位，请查看下面的志愿者名单，然后提交申请)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是介绍一些关于志愿者的职位。故选D。
B
A self-described “girly girl”, nine-year-ld Zandra Cunningham was cnstantly begging her parents fr the latest beauty prducts. One day her dad simply tld her “n”, which inspired her t make her wn.
Zandra has been recgnized by Entrepreneur magazine as ne f the yungest millinaires in America. When asked abut her experience as a child entrepreneur (企业家) Zandra says, “It wasn’t frightening. When yu’re yung, yu dn’t have that fear mentality. ‘Maybe it’s nt ging t wrk’ never really crssed my mind.” Fr Zandra, it became a challenge t separate her persnal interest frm what her custmers actually wanted. “There were a lt f things that I felt were gd ideas, but they wuldn’t fit int the market,” she says. Being part f the market herself, Zandra felt she had a unique perspective that allwed her t truly listen and respnd t her custmers.
It started as a hbby fr Zandra and her mm. They’d play arund with different ingredients until they fund frmulas they liked “thrugh trial and errr”. Slwly, they started transfrming the pastime int a brand. Zandra began selling her prducts at lcal markets, and a few years later—when Zandra was 12 years ld — the family started a shp fr Zandra Beauty. At the time, Zandra Beauty was ne f the first brands t ffer plant-based and rganic beauty prducts at an affrdable price. The 21-year-ld has essentially grwn up alngside her brand—but her gals have remained the same: “Our main fcus is t push ut amazing prducts that are safe fr everyne and the earth.”
“There’re s many brands ding similar things, but there’s still s much rm t grw,” says Zandra. “Yur custmers are ut there, and yu just have t find smething that’s ging t set yu apart.”
4. What can be inferred frm Zandra’s wrds in paragraph 2?
A. Her yung mind made her fearless.
B. Her parents supprted her greatly.
C. She had much precius experience.
D. She was always very caring.
5. Which f the fllwing is the mst imprtant in Zandra’s pinin?
A. Sharing her persnal interests.B. The diversity f hbbies.
C. Changing the glbal market.D. The need f custmers.
6. What kind f prduct des Zandra mainly pursue?
A. The ne that is cheap and useful.
B. The ne that is enjyed by her mm.
C. The ne that is created by trial and errr.
D. The ne that is reliable and ec-friendly.
7. What is Zandra’s attitude twards the future f her brand?
A. Hpeful.B. Cncerned.C. Dubtful.D. Relieved.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了九岁的Zandra Cunningham从小就对美容产品感兴趣，她自学制作美容产品并在当地市场销售，后来创立了自己的美容品牌Zandra Beauty。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中Zandra的话“It wasn’t frightening. When yu’re yung, yu dn’t have that fear mentality. ‘Maybe it’s nt ging t wrk’ never really crssed my mind.(这并不可怕。当你年轻的时候，你不会有那种恐惧的心态。我从来没有想过“也许这行不通”)”可知，从Zandra的话可以推出年轻的头脑使她无所畏惧。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Fr Zandra, it became a challenge t separate her persnal interest frm what her custmers actually wanted. “There were a lt f things that I felt were gd ideas, but they wuldn’t fit int the market,” she says. Being part f the market herself, Zandra felt she had a unique perspective that allwed her t truly listen and respnd t her custmers.(对Zandra来说，将她的个人兴趣与客户的实际需求区分开来是一项挑战。她说：“有很多东西我觉得是好主意，但它们不适合市场。”作为市场的一部分，Zandra觉得她有一个独特的视角，使她能够真正倾听和回应她的客户)”可知，Zandra认为自己觉得好的不一定适合市场，不能根据自己的个人兴趣来推断客户的实际需求，真正倾听和回应她的客户的需求才是最重要的。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“At the time, Zandra Beauty was ne f the first brands t ffer plant-based and rganic beauty prducts at an affrdable price. The 21-year-ld has essentially grwn up alngside her brand—but her gals have remained the same: “Our main fcus is t push ut amazing prducts that are safe fr everyne and the earth.”(当时，赞德拉美容是第一个以可承受的价格提供植物性和有机美容产品的品牌之一。这位21岁的女孩基本上是和她的品牌一起成长的，但她的目标一直保持不变：“我们的主要重点是推出对每个人和地球都安全的神奇产品。”)”可知，Zandra的产品是植物性的有机美容产品，对每个人和地球都是安全的。所以她的产品主要追求产品的可靠和环保。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Zandra的话“There’re s many brands ding similar things, but there’s still s much rm t grw(有很多品牌在做类似的事情，但仍有很大的发展空间)”和“Yur custmers are ut there, and yu just have t find smething that’s ging t set yu apart.(你的客户就在那里，你只需要找到能让你与众不同的东西)”可推知，Zandra认为自己的品牌仍然有很大的发展空间，对自己品牌的未来满怀希望。故选A项。
C
Pwer frm hme-based wind turbines (涡轮机) can be used lcally, r sld back t the pwer cmpany t ffset pwer csts. Pwer cmpanies buy green pwer frm hmewners at retail (零售) rates, rather than the lwer whlesale rates.
There is a great deal f pwer t use in the wind, and even a small hmewner can get invlved. An effective way t use wind pwer is with a hme wind turbine. Wind pwer is incnsistent in mst areas f the wrld, s a wind generatr alne is seldm sufficient t pwer a huse.
Hwever, a single wind generatr can ease pwer cst in a husehld, especially cupled with ther frms f clean energy, such as slar pwer. Multiple turbines can even be cnnected with a battery strage system fr the husehld that wants t be cmpletely reliant n air fr pwer. One f the mst impressive aspects f air as a pwer surce is that nce the turbine is in place, it perates at zer carbn prductin, making it an extremely envirnmentally friendly pwer surce.
When siting wind turbines, the fllwing factrs shuld be kept in mind: check with the lcal gvernment fr the laws and regulatins abut siting wind turbines. Wind speeds are always higher at the tp f a hill, n a shreline, and in places clear f trees and ther structures. Remember that trees grw ver the years; wind turbine twers d nt. Ensure neighbrs are infrmed f plans early n t avid cnflict later n. Wind turbines can be a surce f green pwer that will keep paying ff fr years t cme, thugh the initial investment can be high. Bear in mind that the wind turbines are als likely t cause prblems fr wildlife, especially birds and bats.
8. What des the underlined wrd “ffset” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Result in.B. Call ff.C. Make up fr.D. Give rise t.
9. Why is a wind turbine inadequate t meet the pwer demand f a huse?
A. Wind turbines have a lw efficiency.
B. Smetimes there is little wind t take advantage f.
C. The husehld cnsumes t much electricity.
D. Wind pwer is cnsistent in mst areas f the wrld.
10. Which ges against building a huse cmpletely reliant n green pwer?
A. Multiple turbines.B. A battery strage system.
C. Slar pwer.D. Carbn prductin.
11. What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A. The best places fr siting wind turbines.
B. The disadvantages f siting wind turbines.
C. Matters needing attentin when siting wind turbines.
D. Csts and dangers f siting wind turbines eclgically.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家庭式风力发电机的工作原理、优势、使用注意事项等，旨在向读者提供关于这种绿色能源技术的全面信息。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“Pwer cmpanies buy green pwer frm hmewners at retail (零售) rates, rather than the lwer whlesale rates.(电力公司以零售价格从房主手中购买绿色电力，而不是以较低的批发价格购买。)”可推测，电力公司可购买家用风力涡轮机产生的电力从而抵消电力消耗。选项A“Result in (导致)”；选项B“Call ff (取消)”；选项C“Make up fr (弥补，抵消)”；选项D“Give rise t (引起)”；所以划线单词和项中的make up fr意义一致。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Wind pwer is incnsistent in mst areas f the wrld, s a wind generatr alne is seldm sufficient t pwer a huse.(风力发电在世界上大多数地区是不稳定的，所以单独的风力发电机很少足以为一所房子供电。)”可知，风力涡轮机不足以满足一个家庭的电力需求是因为风力发电在世界上大多数地区是不稳定的，有时候并没有风可利用。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Hwever, a single wind generatr can ease pwer cst in a husehld, especially cupled with ther frms f clean energy, such as slar pwer. Multiple turbines can even be cnnected with a battery strage system fr the husehld that wants t be cmpletely reliant n air fr pwer. One f the mst impressive aspects f air as a pwer surce is that nce the turbine is in place, it perates at zer carbn prductin, making it an extremely envirnmentally friendly pwer surce.(然而，一个风力发电机可以减轻家庭的电力成本，特别是与其他形式的清洁能源，如太阳能相结合。多个涡轮机甚至可以连接到一个电池存储系统，供想要完全依赖空气供电的家庭使用。空气作为动力源最令人印象深刻的方面之一是，一旦涡轮机就位，它就会以零碳排放的方式运行，使其成为一种极其环保的动力源。)”可判断，选项A“Multiple turbines(多涡轮)”、选项B“A battery strage system.(电池存储系统)”和选项C“Slar pwer(太阳能)”都是绿色环保的。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“When siting wind turbines, the fllwing factrs shuld be kept in mind: check with the lcal gvernment fr the laws and regulatins abut siting wind turbines. Wind speeds are always higher at the tp f a hill, n a shreline, and in places clear f trees and ther structures. Remember that trees grw ver the years; wind turbine twers d nt. Ensure neighbrs are infrmed f plans early n t avid cnflict later n.(风电机组选址时，应注意以下几点:向当地政府查询有关风电机组选址的法律法规。在山顶、海岸线上以及没有树木和其他建筑物的地方，风速总是更高。记住，树木会随着岁月而生长;而风力涡轮机塔则不然。确保邻居们尽早了解计划，以避免以后的冲突。)”可知，最后一段主要讲述的是风力涡轮机选址注意事项。故选C。
D
Researchers have lng thught that rewards like fd r mney encurage learning in the brain by causing the release f dpamine (多巴胺), knwn t enhance the strage f new infrmatin. Nw, a new study describes hw learning still ccurs in the absence f rewards.
The study explred the relatinship between dpamine and acetylchline (乙酰胆碱). Past research had shwn that they cmpete with ne anther. T prvide sme clarity, the study authrs fcused n when and under what circumstances dpamine levels are high at the same time as acetylchline levels are lw. They fund that this situatin ccurs frequently, even in the absence f rewards.
“Our findings challenge the current understanding f when and hw dpamine and acetylchline wrk tgether,” said study lead authr Anne Krk. “Rather than creating unique cnditins fr learning, rewards take advantage f a mechanism that is already in place and is cnstantly at wrk.”
The study team gave dzens f mice access t a wheel n which they culd run r rest. On ccasin, the researchers ffered the animals a drink f water. Then they recrded the mice’s brain activity and measured the amunt f dpamine and acetylchline released at different mments. As expected, the drink treats created the typical patterns f dpamine and acetylchline release that are prmpted by rewards. Hwever, the team als bserved that befre receiving water treats, dpamine and acetylchline already fllwed “rise and fall” cycles apprximately twice every secnd. Krk ntes that this pattern cntinued regardless f whether the mice were running r standing still. “Similar brain waves have been bserved in humans during perids f self-examinatin and rest,” she adds.
“These results may help explain hw the brain learns n its wn, withut the need fr external rewards,” said study senir authr Niclas Tritsch.
Tritsch says, “The results f the study may als ffer insight int new ways f understanding depressin. Lack f mtivatin is a cmmn symptm f depressin, making it challenging t perfrm basic tasks. It is pssible that a disruptin (扰乱) in the internal-drive system might be cntributing t this issue.”
12. What des the new study find abut dpamine and acetylchline?
A. Their cmpetitive relatinship.
B. The effective cperatin between them.
C. Their existing wrking mechanism.
D. The rle they play in infrmatin strage.
13. What d the experiments n mice shw?
A. Hw muse brains prcess new infrmatin.
B. The release patterns f dpamine and acetylchline.
C. What causes the release f dpamine and acetylchline.
D. The difference between muse brain waves and thse f humans.
14. What might be the cause f depressin accrding t the text?
A. Lack f mtivatin.
B. Lack f external rewards.
C. The inability t deal with tasks.
D. The disrder f the internal-drive system.
15. What is the main idea f the text?
A. Learning ability can be imprved cnstantly.
B. Learning can ccur withut external rewards.
C. Rewards encurage learning in the brain.
D. Dpamine release is the key t learning.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了一项关于大脑学习的新研究，挑战了以往认为奖励是促进学习的因素的观念。该研究发现，在没有外部奖励的情况下，多巴胺和乙酰胆碱仍然会相互作用，产生一种特定的模式。这种模式持续发生，不受实验中的老鼠是否在跑步或休息的影响。研究结果可能有助于解释大脑如何在自主学习时运作，并为理解抑郁症提供新的视角。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“T prvide sme clarity, the study authrs fcused n when and under what circumstances dpamine levels are high at the same time as acetylchline levels are lw. They fund that this situatin ccurs frequently, even in the absence f rewards. (为了更明确一些，该研究的作者关注的是何时以及在何种情况下多巴胺水平高而乙酰胆碱水平低。他们发现，即使在没有奖励的情况下，这种情况也经常发生)”可知，新的研究发现了多巴胺和乙酰胆碱水平变化的条件，即两者的作用机制。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“As expected, the drink treats created the typical patterns f dpamine and acetylchline release that are prmpted by rewards. Hwever, the team als bserved that befre receiving water treats, dpamine and acetylchline already fllwed “rise and fall” cycles apprximately twice every secnd. Krk ntes that this pattern cntinued regardless f whether the mice were running r standing still. (不出所料，这些水创造了多巴胺和乙酰胆碱释放的典型模式，这些模式是由奖励引起的。然而，该团队还观察到，在接受水的奖励之前，多巴胺和乙酰胆碱已经遵循大约每秒两次的“上升和下降”周期。Krk指出，无论老鼠是在奔跑还是静止不动，这种模式都会继续)”可知，在老鼠身上的实验显示了多巴胺和乙酰胆碱一直在进行周期性地释放，即两者的释放模式。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Lack f mtivatin is a cmmn symptm f depressin, making it challenging t perfrm basic tasks. It is pssible that a disruptin (扰乱) in the internal-drive system might be cntributing t this issue. (缺乏动力是抑郁症的常见症状，使完成基本任务变得困难。内部驱动系统的紊乱可能是导致此问题的原因之一)”可知，内部驱动系统的紊乱可能是抑郁症的原因。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Nw, a new study describes hw learning still ccurs in the absence f rewards. (现在，一项新的研究描述了在没有奖励的情况下学习是如何发生的)”可知，文章主要围绕一项关于大脑学习的新研究展开，该研究发现，在没有外部奖励的情况下，多巴胺和乙酰胆碱仍然会相互作用，产生一种特定的模式。这种模式持续发生，不受实验中的老鼠是否在跑步或休息的影响。这挑战了以往认为奖励是促进学习的因素的观念，有助于解释大脑如何在自主学习时运作，并为理解抑郁症提供新的视角。因此，文章主要是关于“学习可以在没有外部奖励的情况下进行”。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While scializing cmes naturally fr sme, it can be a struggle fr thers. Shyness is a nrmal, cmmn persnality trait (特征). ____16____. If yu’re ften hesitant t engage in scial situatins, yu may interact with thse arund yu in a mre cmfrtable way. We utline fur strategies fr vercming shyness in life.
Get Excited Abut A New Adventure
Yu may have been shy mst f yur life. ____17____. Wrking thrugh shyness and develping increased cnfidence may seem like a discuraging task fr yu, but viewing the jurney as an exciting adventure t parts unknwn can be exciting and, in turn, may bst yur self-esteem.
Pay Attentin T Yur Wrds
____18____. Talking t yurself in a negative way when describing yurself can damage yur self-cnfidence. Cnsider replacing phrases like “I am shy” with “I am learning t be mre cmfrtable” in scial situatins. This can g a lng way tward mving frm shyness t cnfidence.
Practice Mindfulness (正念)
Mindfulness invlves drawing yur attentin t the present and being aware f yur thughts, feelings, and surrundings. ____19____. In ne study, participants in a mindfulness prgram experienced an imprved view f their self-wrth.
Take Small Steps
Getting started can be the hardest part f learning hw t be mre scial fr thse wh are shy. ____20____. Yu can start ut small. Try chatting with the teller at the bank r the persn ahead f yu in the checkut line. This can help yu build cnfidence and wrk yur way up t mre difficult challenges.
A. If s, that’s a part f yu that yu’re used t
B. Smetimes the best path tward addressing a fear is expsure
C. Mindfulness can help reduce symptms f scial anxiety disrder
D. Taking time t tend t yur appearance can make a big difference
E. Hw we cmmunicate and characterize urselves can be pwerful
F. Hwever, shyness can make it hard fr peple t cnnect with thers and achieve their gals
G. But engaging with peple desn’t have t be practiced as an imprtant wrk presentatin
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. E 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了克服害羞的四个策略。
【16题详解】
上文“Shyness is a nrmal, cmmn persnality trait (特征).(害羞是一种正常的、普遍的性格特征)”介绍害羞是一种正常的、普遍的性格特征，F项“Hwever, shyness can make it hard fr peple t cnnect with thers and achieve their gals (然而，害羞会使人们难以与他人交流，难以实现自己的目标)”承接上文，说明害羞可能带来的不良影响，与上文构成转折关系，进而引出下文“We utline fur strategies fr vercming shyness in life.(我们概述了克服生活中害羞的四种策略)”中克服害羞的策略，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
【17题详解】
上文“Yu may have been shy mst f yur life.(你可能一生中大部分时间都很害羞)”假设了一种情况：你可能一生中大部分时间都很害羞，A项“If s, that’s a part f yu that yu’re used t (如果是这样的话，那是你生活中已经习惯了的一部分)”再次强调害羞已经成为生活习惯，进而引出下文“viewing the jurney as an exciting adventure t parts unknwn can be exciting (把这段旅程看作是一场令人兴奋的冒险，去探索未知的地方，这是令人兴奋的)”中把克服害羞视为对习惯的挑战，视为一场冒险的表达，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
【18题详解】
小标题“Pay Attentin T Yur Wrds(注意你的话语)”提出注意语言，E项“Hw we cmmunicate and characterize urselves can be pwerful (我们交流和描述自己的方式会很产生巨大影响)”说明了要注意话语的原因：我们交流和描述自己时选择的话语会产生巨大影响，下文“Talking t yurself in a negative way when describing yurself can damage yur self-cnfidence.(在描述自己时用消极的方式会损害你的自信)”承接E项，对影响进行了具体地举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据小标题“Practice Mindfulness (正念) (修习正念)”和上文“Mindfulness invlves drawing yur attentin t the present and being aware f yur thughts, feelings, and surrundings.(正念包括把你的注意力集中到现在，意识到你的想法、感觉和周围的环境)”可知本段讲正念，C项“Mindfulness can help reduce symptms f scial anxiety disrder(正念可以帮助减轻社交焦虑障碍的症状)”承接上文，介绍正念的作用，上下文语意一致。故选C项。
【20题详解】
上文“Getting started can be the hardest part f learning hw t be mre scial fr thse wh are shy.(对于那些害羞的人来说，如何开始可能是学习如何更合群的的最难的部分)”提出“开始”是最难的部分，G项“But engaging with peple desn’t have t be practiced as an imprtant wrk presentatin(但是，与人互动并不需要像重要的工作报告那样去练习)”承接上文，说明虽然很难，但也并不像练习工作报告那样正式，也没有那么难，进而引出下文的正确方法“Yu can start ut small.(从小事做起，一步一步来)”。故选G项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Packing up my luggage, I felt a wave f fear. Maybe tmrrw’s flight wuld be ____21____ and I didn’t have t g after all — I ____22____ hped. It was May 2022, and I’d ____23____ my jb in Lndn t begin a year-lng jurney arund the wrld.
I lved t travel and had been ____24____ t visit many cuntries with friends and family. This time, I’d be travelling alne, which was pretty ____25____ fr a wman with a disability, thugh I have learnt t ____26____ life in a wheelchair since I was 7.
Accessibility isn’t much f a(n) ____27____ in sme cuntries, but my first ____28____ n my sl trip was Bali. Althugh I’d ensured my htel wuldn’t be a prblem, I culdn’t ____29____ any risks.
“If it desn’t ____30____, yu can always cme hme.” my parents ____31____ me. But I wasn’t ging t give up withut a ____32____.
In Bali, the htel where I stayed was ____33____ by a kind wman wh made sure I had ____34____ t the shwer and anything else I needed. With her help, I made it t a muntain ____35____ and saw mst f the island’s sights. As ____36____, the view frm the tp was thrilling.
After that, I made the trip up as I went, staying in a cuntry until I gt ____37____ and mved n t the next. Wherever I went, such as Africa and Asia, I was greatly impressed by the ____38____ f strangers helping me.
____39____ I’d visited a ttal f 66 cuntries n my wn by February 2023. Nw, I’m fully ____40____ that a disability desn’t have t stp a persn frm getting ut there and seeing the wrld.
21.
A. arrangedB. analysedC. bkedD. cancelled
22.
A. curiuslyB. secretlyC. dubtfullyD. prudly
23.
A. prmisedB. prvedC. fundD. quit
24.
A. sensitiveB. nervusC. frtunateD. unwilling
25.
A. disappintingB. frighteningC. embarrassingD. exciting
26.
A. bject tB. cmpare tC. adapt tD. belng t
27.
A. issueB. experienceC. demandD. benefit
28.
A. cllectinB. cmmunicatinC. assumptinD. destinatin
29.
A. ridB. updateC. rganizeD. tlerate
30.
A. wrk utB. settle dwnC. cme utD. break dwn
31.
A. believedB. ignredC. helpedD. cmfrted
32.
A. strategyB. rewardC. fightD. supprt
33.
A. challengedB. runC. damagedD. suspected
34.
A. accessB. respnseC. referenceD. addictin
35.
A. villageB. rangeC. peakD. stream
36.
A. preparedB. explainedC. requiredD. predicted
37.
A. fascinatedB. bredC. accustmedD. amused
38.
A. crueltyB. stubbrnnessC. kindnessD. selfishness
39.
A. T start withB. Frm then nC. Nw and thenD. Sner r later
40.
A. cnvincedB. guessedC. wrriedD. questined
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了自己作为残疾人独自旅行的故事和感受。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许明天的航班会取消，这样我就不用去了——我暗自希望。A. arranged安排；B. analysed分析；C. bked预定；D. cancelled取消。根据前文的“I felt a wave f fear”和后文的“I didn’t have t g after all — I 2 hped.”可知，作者害怕去，所以希望明天的航班会被取消。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许明天的航班会取消，这样我就不用去了——我暗自希望。A. curiusly好奇地；B. secretly暗自感觉地；C. dubtfully怀疑地；D. prudly骄傲地。根据前文的“Maybe tmrrw’s flight wuld be 1 and I didn’t have t g”可知，也许明天的航班会取消，这样就不用去了，这是作者暗自希望的。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是2022年5月，我辞去了在伦敦的工作，开始了为期一年的环球旅行。A. prmised答应；B. prved证明；C. fund发现；D. quit离开（工作职位、学校等）。根据后文的“t begin a year-lng jurney arund the wrld”可知，作者开始了为期一年的环球旅行，可推测出作者辞去了在伦敦的工作。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢旅行，并有幸与朋友和家人一起访问了许多国家。A. sensitive敏感的；B. nervus紧张的；C. frtunate幸运的；D. unwilling不情愿的。根据前文的“I lved t travel”和后文“visit many cuntries with friends and family”可知，作者喜欢旅行，与朋友和家人一起访问了许多国家，所以作者认为这是幸运的。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一次，我将独自旅行，这对一个有残疾的女人来说是相当可怕的，尽管我从7岁起就学会了适应轮椅的生活。A. disappinting令人失望的；B. frightening可怕的；C. embarrassing令人尴尬的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据前文的“I’d be travelling alne”和后文“fr a wman with a disability”可知，对一个有残疾的女人来说独自旅行是相当可怕的。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这一次，我将独自旅行，这对一个有残疾的女人来说是相当可怕的，尽管我从7岁起就学会了适应轮椅的生活。A. bject t反对；B. cmpare t与……相比；C. adapt t适应；D. belng t属于。根据后文的“life in a wheelchair since I was 7”可知，从7岁起作者就学会了适应轮椅的生活。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一些国家，交通便利性不是什么大问题，但我独自旅行的第一个目的地是巴厘岛。A. issue问题；B. experience经验；C. demand需求；D. benefit利益。根据前文的“Accessibility isn’t much f a(n)”可知，无障碍在一些国家不是什么大问题。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一些国家，交通便利性不是什么大问题，但我独自旅行的第一个目的地是巴厘岛。A. cllectin藏品；B. cmmunicatin交流；C. assumptin假设；D. destinatin目的地。根据后文的“n my sl trip was Bali”可知，作者独自旅行的第一个目的地是巴厘岛。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我保证我住的酒店不会有问题，但我无法消除任何风险。A. rid摆脱，消除，去掉；B. update更新；C. rganize组织；D. tlerate容许。根据前文的“Althugh I’d ensured my htel wuldn’t be a prblem, I culdn’t”和后文“any risks”可知，逗号前为让步状语从句，与逗号后的句子构成转折，所以虽然作者保证自己住的酒店不会有问题，但却无法消除任何风险。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果进展不顺利，你可以随时回家。A. wrk ut进展（顺利）；B. settle dwn锻炼；C. cme ut出来；D. break dwn发生故障。根据后文的“yu can always cme hme”可知，父母安慰作者如果旅行进展不顺利，可以随时回家。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父母安慰我说。A. believed相信；B. ignred忽略；C. helped帮助；D. cmfrted安慰。根据前文的“If it desn’t 10 , yu can always cme hme”可知，“如果旅行进展不顺利，可以随时回家”，这是父母对作者的安慰。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我不会不战而退。A. strategy策略；B. reward奖励；C. fight战斗；D. supprt支持。根据前文的“I wasn’t ging t give up withut”可知，父母安慰作者如果旅行进展不顺利，可以随时回家，但是作者不想不战而退。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在巴厘岛，我住的酒店是由一位好心的女士经营的，她确保我有淋浴和其他我需要的东西。A. challenged挑战；B. run经营；C. damaged破坏；D. suspected怀疑。根据后文的“by a kind wman wh made sure I had 14 t the shwer and anything else I needed.”可知，她确保作者可以淋浴和其他作者需要的东西，可推知酒店是由这位善良的女士经营的。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在巴厘岛，我住的酒店是由一位好心的女士经营的，她确保我有淋浴和其他我需要的东西。A. access获得的机会；B. respnse响应；C. reference参考；D. addictin上瘾。根据后文的“t the shwer and anything else I needed”可知，经营酒店的女士确保作者可以淋浴和其他作者需要的东西。have access t sth.“能够获得某物”。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的帮助下，我登上了一座山峰，看到了岛上的大部分风景。A. village村；B. range范围；C. peak山峰；D. stream流动。根据下文的“the view frm the tp was thrilling”可知，作者从山顶俯瞰景色，所以作者在她的帮助下，登上了一座山峰。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如预测的那样，从山顶俯瞰的景色令人激动。A. prepared准备；B. explained解释道；C. required要求；D. predicted预测。根据后文的“the view frm the tp was thrilling”可知，从山顶俯瞰的景色令人激动，这是上山之前就预测到的。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，我就按照我所去的地方去旅行，在一个国家呆着，直到我感到无聊，然后去下一个国家。A. fascinated着迷的；B. bred无聊的；C. accustmed习惯的；D. amused好笑的。根据后文的“and mved n t the next”可知，作者去下一个国家，是因为作者感到无聊了，想换一个地方。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论我走到哪里，比如非洲和亚洲，我都对陌生人帮助我的善良印象深刻。A. cruelty残忍；B. stubbrnness固执；C. kindness善良；D. selfishness自私。根据后文的“strangers helping me”可知，陌生人帮助作者，这是善良的行为。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：从那时起，到2023年2月，我已经独自访问了66个国家。A. T start with 起初，首先；B. Frm then n从那时起；C. Nw and then不时；D. Sner r later迟早。根据后文的“I’d visited a ttal f 66 cuntries n my wn by February 2023”可知，从那时起，即自从巴厘岛的旅行，到2023年2月，作者已经独自访问了66个国家。故选B项。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，我完全相信残疾并不一定会阻止一个人走出去看世界。A. cnvinced确信的；B. guessed猜测；C. wrried担心的；D. questined怀疑的。根据前文“I’d visited a ttal f 66 cuntries n my wn by February 2023.”和后文的“that a disability desn’t have t stp a persn frm getting ut there and seeing the wrld”可知，残疾并不一定会阻止一个人走出去看世界，这是作者现在所相信的。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cld temperature, biting wind, heavy snw and slippery rads are the cmmn challenges ____41____ truble r even interrupt winter utings.
The first cld wave f winter ____42____ (strike) Nrtheast China since Nvember, causing a temperature drp f 6℃ t 8℃ and snw accumulatin f ver 30 ____43____ (centimeter). Hwever, fr the students and the faculty (全体教师) at Harbin Institute f Technlgy in Nrtheast China, wh have been severely affected by the recent cld wave and blizzard, their rutes have been made easy, warm and safe thanks t the newly built skywalks n the campus. They ____44____ (cmfrtable ) mve between classrms, libraries, cafeterias, drmitries and the gym in shrt sleeves thrugh skywalks all within a 5-minute walk. Sme students have even been sptted ____45____ (enjy) ice cream while admiring the snwy scenery alng the pathways. Praise and ____46____ (admire) have pured in fr the usefulness f the skywalks and the thughtfulness f the cllege.
____47____ (launch) in 2022, the cnstructin f skywalks n campus is aimed at effectively reducing the impact f extreme weather ____48____ the campus life and enhancing cnvenience fr bth faculty and students. With ____49____ ttal length f 1,330.13 meters, the skywalks are built in three phrases. Currently, 881.81-meter skywalks are _____50_____ (access).
【答案】41. that##which
42. has struck/has stricken
43. centimeters##centimetres
44. cmfrtably
45. enjying
46. admiratin
47. Launched
48. n##upn
49. a 50. accessible
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国东北地区哈尔滨工业大学新建天桥为师生提供便利的事迹。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：寒冷的气温、刺骨的寒风、大雪和湿滑的道路是困扰甚至中断冬季外出的常见挑战。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“the cmmn challenges”，关系词在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：自11月以来，第一波冬季寒潮袭击了中国东北地区，造成气温下降6至8℃，积雪超过30厘米。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“since Nvember”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“The first cld wave f winter”，单数，谓语动词用has。故填has stuck或has stricken。
【43题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：自11月以来，第一波冬季寒潮袭击了中国东北地区，造成气温下降6至8℃，积雪超过30厘米。根据空前的“30”可知，空处为可数名词的复数形式。故填centimeters/centimetres。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们穿着短袖舒适地穿梭于教室、图书馆、食堂、宿舍和健身房之间，步行不到5分钟。修饰动词“mve”用副词形式。故填cmfrtably。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一些学生甚至被看到一边欣赏小路上的雪景，一边享用冰淇淋。非谓语动词担当主语补足语，构成短语：spt sb. ding sth.，意为“看到某人在做某事”，符合本句句意。故填enjying。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：人们纷纷赞美和赞赏天桥的实用性和学院的周到。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式担当主语。故填admiratin。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：校园天桥于2022年启动，旨在有效减少极端天气对校园生活的影响，并为教师和学生提供便利。非谓语动词担当状语，主语“the cnstructin f skywalks”和动词“launch”之间为被动关系；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Launched。
【48题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：校园天桥于2022年启动，旨在有效减少极端天气对校园生活的影响，并为教师和学生提供便利。固定短语：the impact n/upn…，意为“对……的影响”，符合句意。故填n或upn。
【49题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：空中步道总长1330.13米，分三期建造。短语：a length f，意为“长……”，符合句意。故填a。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：目前，881.81米的空中步道可供使用。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词担当表语，意为“可供使用”。故填accessible。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(/)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分
This mrning I went t my favrite restaurant fr breakfast as usually. Tuched by an elderly cuple next t me, s I ffered t pay fr them. Knwing their request, the wner there tld me ne f her unfrgettable day. It was a cld mrning that she went with her baby t the stre. Her baby was screaming and crying, and she said srry t all the ther peple try t shp in peace. Then, when she gt the bill, she realized that smene else have paid fr it. It tuched her s much that it brings her t tears. After she saw me ding this, it reminded her that mment which meant s much t her.
【答案】1. usually→ usual
2. 去掉s
3. their→ my
4. day→ days
5. that→ when/and
6. the→ a
7. try→ trying
8. have→ had
9. brings→ brught
10. her后加f/abut
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者吃早餐时为一对老夫妇买单的善举，而这一善举也让店主想起自己曾经得到的善举。
【详解】1. 考查固定短语。句意：今天早上我像往常一样去我最喜欢的餐馆吃早餐。固定短语：as usual，意为“像往常一样”，符合本句句意。故将usually改为usual。
2. 考查句子结构。句意：因为被我旁边的一对老夫妇感动了，我主动提出为他们买单。分析句子结构可知，“Tuched by an elderly cuple next t me”为状语，逗号后为主句，不需要用“s”连接。故将s去掉。
3. 考查代词。句意：店老板知道我的要求后，给我讲了她难忘的一天。分析句意可知，老板是听到我想为老人买单的要求，而不是“他们的”要求。故将their改为my。
4. 考查名词的数。句意：店老板知道我的要求后，给我讲了她难忘的一天。固定搭配：ne f the +名词的复数形式，意为“……之一”。故将day改为days。
5. 考查句子结构。 句意：那是一个寒冷的早晨，她带着孩子去商店。分析句子结构可知，“she went with her baby t a stre”可以为并列句，也可以是定语从句。如果是并列句，和上文没有转折关系，可用and连接；如果是定语从句，先行词为“a cld mrning”在定语从句中担当时间状语，可用when引导。故将that改为when或and。
6. 考查冠词。句意：那是一个寒冷的早晨，她带着孩子去商店。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词。故将the改为a。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：她的孩子又哭又闹，她向所有想安静购物的人道歉。非谓语担当后置定语，被修饰词“all the ther peple”和动词“try”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故将try改为trying。
8. 考查时态。句意：然后，当她拿到账单时，她意识到别人已经付过钱了。这里为从句谓语动词，根据主句时态以及句意可知，从句时态为过去完成时。故将have改为had。
9. 考查时态。句意：这件事使她感动得流下了眼泪。这里为从句谓语动词，根据主句时态可知，从句时态为一般过去时。故将brings改为brught。
10. 考查固定短语。句意：她看到我这样做后，想起了那个对她意义重大的时刻。固定短语：remind sb. f/abut sth，意为“使某人想起……”。故在her后加f或abut。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 你校英文报正在组织题为“My Understanding f Space Explratin”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1. 太空探索的重要性；
2. 你的理由；
3. 举例说明。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 题目已为你写好。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My Understanding f Space Explratin
In my pinin, space explratin is crucial fr the prgress and develpment f mankind. The reasns are as fllws.
First f all it expands ur understanding f the universe and its rigin, cntributing t advancements in astrnmy. In additin, it drives technlgical innvatin and imprves ur everyday lives. Technlgies like satellite cmmunicatin and weather frecast have develped frm space prgrams. Lastly, space explratin presents pprtunities fr future resurce utilizatin.
We ften benefit frm space explratin. Fr example, when we g t an unfamiliar place, we always turn t GPS fr help, and that is ne f the achievements f space explratin. In a wrd, by investing in space explratin, we pave the way fr a better future.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的稿件。要求考生用英语写一篇短文投稿，参加校英文报组织的题为“My Understanding f Space Explratin”的征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
重要的：crucial→ imprtant
其次：in additin → what’s mre
最后：lastly→ last but nt least
简言之：in a wrd → in shrt
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In a wrd, by investing in space explratin, we pave the way fr a better future.
拓展句：In a wrd, if we invest in space explratin, we pave the way fr a better future.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First f all, it expands ur understanding f the universe and its rigin, cntributing t advancements in astrnmy.（运用了现在分词形式担当结果状语）
【高分句型2】Fr example, when we g t an unfamiliar place, we always turn t GPS fr help, and that is ne f the achievements f space explratin.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
听力答案：1—5 CCBAC 6—10 BBCAB 11—15 AABAB 16—20 BCACA
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