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    2022-2023学年山西省大同市阳高一中高二(下)期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)

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    2022-2023学年山西省大同市阳高一中高二(下)期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)

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    这是一份2022-2023学年山西省大同市阳高一中高二(下)期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析),共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解,阅读七选五,完形填空,语法填空,短文改错,书面表达等内容,欢迎下载使用。
    一、阅读理解:本大题共15小题,共45分。
    A
    Cpenhagen has GREAT public transprt. It is reliable, safe, and easily accessible. Of curse, like everything in Cpenhagen, it is nt cheap. The system can be a little cnfusing, even fr lcals, but we're here t help simplify it all fr yu! And tday ur fcus is Travelling with a Bike.
    BIKES ON THE TRAIN
    Bicycles can be taken n s-tg lines fr free but yu can't take bikes thrugh Nørreprt statin during peak hurs. T take yur bike n a train, yu need t put it n the first r last carriage, clearly marked with large signs f bicycles n the utside.
    T take a bike n a reginal train, which takes yu t parts f Denmark utside Cpenhagen, yu must buy an extra ticket. The price depends n the distance and varies frm 16 kr t 28 kr.
    BIKES ON THE METRO
    Bicycles can be taken n the metr fr an extra 13 kr. Yu need t pay fr the bike with its wn ticket. Yu can't take yur bike n the metr during peak hurs.
    BIKES ON THE BUS
    Yu can bring a bike n a bus but each bus is limited t tw bikes, even if there is much space. Generally, peple d nt travel with their bikes n buses in Cpenhagen.
    BIKES ON THE FERRY(渡轮)
    Charges fr bicycles depend n the cmpany and the destinatin. Yu will need t check with the ferry cmpanies. When yu bk the ticket, yu must state that yu have a cycle, even if it's free f charge.
    1.Wh is this text prbably intended fr?
    A. Turist guides.B. Bike travelers.
    C. Lcal citizens.D. Ticket inspectrs.
    2.On which public transprt can yu take a bike fr free?
    A. A peak time s-tg train.B. A weekday reginal train.
    C. An ff-peak metr train.D. A weekend ferry.
    3.What is the disadvantage f bringing a bike n a bus?
    A. Buses are t crwded.
    B. It's against the lcal custm.
    C. Availability is nt guaranteed.
    D. It's nt welcmed by ther passengers.
    B
    Humans are very scial creatures.In additin t verbal (语言的) cmmunicatin,we als use ur bdies t help us better express ur thughts and feelings.This nn-verbal cmmunicatin is knwn as bdy language.
    Bdy language includes things like facial expressins,eye cntact and psture (姿势) .It actually develped as a frm f cmmunicatin befre humans culd speak r write.We can tell a lt abut what a persn is thinking r feeling just by lking at them.
    In fact,bdy language is s cmmn that yu may nt even realize that yu are cmmunicating many messages t thers every day withut even using wrds.Fr example,yu might mve yur head frm side t side t express the wrd "n" instead f actually saying the wrd.Or,yu might give a "thumbs (拇指) up" t shw that yu like r agree with smething.
    But nw that we are spending mre time nline,we may nt have as many in-persn interactins as befre.Because f this,ur means f nn-verbal cmmunicatin has changed,but is still an imprtant way t express ur thughts.
    Our "digital bdy language" is becming increasingly imprtant as we change hw we cmmunicate.Instead f using vice messages,we can vide chat with ur friends t shw them ur smiling face.Anther way t express ur emtins digitally is thrugh emjis (表情符号).When we are cmmunicating nline,we are nly revealing the cntent and leaving ut tnes and facial expressins.That's when emjis can help in cmmunicatin.
    Whether using vide chat t shw ur expressin r sending an emji,dn't frget the imprtance f digital bdy language and nn-verbal cmmunicatin.
    4.What des the authr mean by saying "Humans are very scial creatures"? ______
    A. Humans like living in grups.B. Humans need t cmmunicate.
    C. Humans depend n each ther.D. Humans differ frm ther beings.
    5.Why are the tw examples mentined in Paragraph 3? ______
    A. T explain hw t express n.
    B. T prve hw much ne likes smething.
    C. T demnstrate hw t cmmunicate messages.
    D. T shw hw much we underestimate bdy language.
    6.What makes digital bdy language mre and mre imprtant? ______
    A. The way f cmmunicatin.B. The vice messages we use.
    C. The time we spend nline.D. The inventin f emjis.
    7.Hw can emjis help in cmmunicatin? ______
    A. By revealing the cntent.
    B. By helping us vide chat.
    C. By expressing ur emtins.
    D. By leaving ut facial expressins.
    C
    Margt desn't have a garbage can.It desn't need ne because Margt simply desn't cause anything t get thrwn away.The restaurant desn't allw any type f single use plastic.Margt,which pened last year,is ne f the small but grwing restaurants arund the wrld aiming t avid nt nly fd leftvers,but als any garbage.
    "Fd waste has been increasing as an issue fr restaurants ver the last 10 years," says Calvin Brwn.He runs the Sustainable Restaurant Assciatin.Based in the United Kingdm,the rganizatin helps fd business becme mre envirnmentally respnsible.He says that fd waste cntributes t releasing the greenhuse gas,s there is strng mtivatin t reduce waste and help the envirnment.
    In the USA,fd waste and packing accunt fr nearly half f the material sent t landfills.Restaurants frm McDnald's t Starbucks are addressing this issue with "n straw Mndays" and limits n single-serving plastic,but a handful f restaurateurs are trying t get rid f rubbish entirely.There's als ecnmic case t be made fr waste reductin.One study shws that restaurants save seven dllars fr every dllar invested in anti- waste methds.
    Aviding fd waste is the first and perhaps mst bvius challenge fr sustainable restaurants.Dug McMaster,chef at Sil in Lndn,nly serves a set menu.This remves the wrry that ne particular item wn't sell well,and will spil in the refrigeratr.Cmpst (堆肥) is a necessity as well.Nlla (meaning "zer" in Finnish) in Helsinki,Finland is giving cmpst t its suppliers as well as its diners.Nlla als has fd- tracking sftware mre cmmnly used amng crprate fd service cmpanies t keep track f what sells and what rts.
    Smetimes restaurants call themselves envirnmentally friendly,but they might just be using the label.Calvin ffers sme pinters n what t lk fr t make sure a restaurant is truly cmmitted t sustainability.
    8.What des Margt feature? ______
    A. Its large size.B. Its pening hurs.
    C. Its zer-waste gal.D. Its plastic garbage cans.
    9.What is paragraph 3 mainly abut? ______
    A. Ways f packaging fd.
    B. The issue f investing in services.
    C. The imprtance f envirnmental prtectin.
    D. Effrts f sme restaurants t reduce rubbish.
    10.Which f the fllwing des Nlla try t d? ______
    A. Only serve a set menu.
    B. Hardly use refrigeratrs.
    C. Supply cmpst t its custmers.
    D. Keep track f diners' preferences.
    11.What des Calvin think restaurants shuld d? ______
    A. Expand fd business.
    B. Use ec-friendly labels.
    C. Save mney n dealing with kitchen garbage.
    D. Cntribute t sustainable develpment f the fd industry.
    D
    Thrugh an analysis f fMRI brain scan images taken frm 138 peple,the new artificial intelligence algrithm (算法) achieved an accuracy rate f ver 99 percent in detecting ptential indicatrs f Alzheimer's (老人痴呆症).In particular,the methd is able t pick ut signs f mild cgnitive impairment r MCI (轻度认知障碍)-which is the step between cgnitive decline (as nrmally assciated with aging) and Alzheimer's.Often,MCI wn't cme with any physical symptms that can be sptted.Hwever,it's als imprtant t nte that MCI desn't always necessarily mean Alzheimer's-but it's an imprtant ptential indicatr f the disease in the future.
    While human analysis f fMRI scans fr signs f MCI can well adapt t varius situatins,humans are nwhere near as fast r reliable as deep learning techniques,which learn frm vast databases f training data,then apply that knwledge t new data in intelligent ways.
    "Of curse,we dn't dare t suggest that a medical prfessinal shuld ever rely n any algrithm 100 percent.Think f a machine as a rbt capable f ding the mst tedius task f srting the data and searching fr features, " says Rytis Maskeliünas,an prfessr frm the Kaunas University f Technlgy (KTU) in Lithuania.
    Once the cmputer sftware has highlighted ptential cases,specialists can then review and cnfirm them.An earlier diagnsis means earlier treatment,even if we're yet t discver a way f stpping Alzheimer's cmpletely.
    "Althugh this was nt the first attempt t diagnse the early nset f Alzheimer's frm similar data,ur main breakthrugh is the accuracy f the algrithm, " says Maskeliünas.
    Varius methds are used t detect Alzheimer's right nw,including eye tracking,vice analysis,and even the installatin f sensrs in peple's hmes-but AI methds like the ne utlined in this new study prmise t be faster and simpler.
    12.What d we knw abut MCI? ______
    A. It can be identified by AI algrithm.
    B. It can be easily discvered by peple.
    C. It is certainly caused by a certain disease.
    D. It brings abut apparent physical changes.
    13.What is an advantage f human analysis f fMRI scans? ______
    A. Mre reliable.B. Mre accurate.C. Much faster.D. Mre flexible.
    14.What's authr's attitude t AI methds in identifying Alzheimer's? ______
    A. Dubtful.B. Neutral.C. Uncertain.D. Favrable.
    15.Which can be the best title fr the text? ______
    A. AI Gained a New Functin in Health Care.
    B. AI Can Offer Early Treatment fr Alzheimer's.
    C. AI Can Identify Signs f Alzheimer's with High Accuracy.
    D. Mdern Technlgies Are Helpful in Prtecting Our Health.
    二、阅读七选五:本大题共5小题,共15分。
    Have yu ever gne t a museum r a shw and been cmpletely blwn away by a piece?If yu haven't,g ut and get cultured.I'm a student at the Cllege f Visual and Perfrming Arts where we create all kinds f art every day. (16) But I dn't think thse peple truly knw the difficulties and struggles in the prcess f making art.
    First f all,we need t be inspired.Yu may think that's easy.In fact,anything can serve as a cncept f a wrk f art. (17) Smetimes we will need peple,vlunteers,bdies t d s and finding willing peple t wrk is hard.Other times we have a clear idea f what we want but we dn't knw hw t make ther peple fully understand what we're trying t get at.
    (18)We need a space t be able t be creative and that can be tricky t acquire.Smetimes we need art supplies r certain equipment and cstumes and that can cst mney.Even if we d acquire what we need,visins change and mistakes happen s we might nt end up using the resurces.
    The prcess can take weeks,mnths,and even years t be fully realized.Once cmpleted,we need t share it and find an audience and prvide an envirnment t display ur wrk.(19) What if nbdy likes what we created?What if ur visin isn't what we thught thugh cmpleted?
    Creating art is an art in itself.It is really nt as easy as many peple think. (20) It's hw we express urselves and hw we cmmunicate with the rest f the wrld.
    A.Outsiders think ur jbs easy.
    B.We shuld be quiet and creative.
    C.We might chse ther fields as well.
    D.Resurces are als a huge factr in making art.
    E.The hard part cmes when we put ur ideas int reality.
    F.And the negative thughts lve t verpwer ur minds.
    G.It takes time,patience and space when things dn't g as expected.
    16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
    17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
    18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
    19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
    20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
    三、完形填空:本大题共20小题,共40分。
    A friend f mine called me at 2 am I usually wrked thrugh the(21),s I was awake.She was(22) sme prblems and wanted t talk t me abut them.
    I was(23)with wrk,under a lt f pressure.(24)my wrk,I als had a lt n my mind.But I(25)t stp what I was ding,put it all(26)and talked t her.It did the trick because we managed t find sme kind f clarity t the(27)after the cnversatin.
    I felt happy.I knw that smetimes what(28)is nt really what yu talk abut r whether yu have fund a (n)(29)slutin t the prblem.What really cunts is knwing that when yu are ging thrugh a (n)(30)time,yu have a shulder t lean n.Just knwing that smebdy(31) enugh t give yu time,supprt and(32),withut any judgment,is enugh t(33)much f the weight that yu are carrying.
    I've ever been in situatins where I've had t(34)thrugh things by myself,with n supprt at all.Living like this makes yu very(35).But it als makes yu cynical,and caves yu feeling like yu can nly depend n yurself.
    I have had(36)frm peple at times,ttally(37)when I have really needed it.And I realise what a (n)(38)it can make,having smene t talk t.
    I really hpe that I was able t give my friend supprt.Even thugh we did nt (39)the prblem.I hpe that I was able t(40)her f sme f the weight that she was carrying.
    21.A. dayB. nightC. yearD. dusk
    22.A. ging thrughB. backing upC. lining in withD. making up fr
    23.A. equippedB. cntrastedC. prvidedD. verladed
    24.A. GivenB. IncludingC. BesidesD. Withut
    25.A. regrettedB. decidedC. hesitatedD. dedicated
    26.A. n hldB. ut f cntrlC. at handD. within reach
    27.A. prgramB. situatinC. lifeD. frtune
    28.A. takesB. determinesC. understandsD. matters
    29.A. clearB. fancyC. severeD. equal
    30.A. additinalB. frtunateC. tughD. great
    31.A. getsB. leavesC. letsD. cares
    32.A. criticismB. prfitC. presentatinD. encuragement
    33.A. stressB. cmplainC. remveD. remember
    34.A. seeB. putC. struggleD. depart
    35.A. independentB. discuragingC. admirableD. reliable
    36.A. resultB. advcateC. ignranceD. supprt
    37.A. privatelyB. unexpectedlyC. rughlyD. unfairly
    38.A. prpsalB. similarity
    C. differenceD. acknwledgement
    39.A. slveB. benefitC. ruleD. keep
    40.A. infrmB. relieveC. cnvinceD. remind
    四、语法填空:本大题共1小题,共20分。
    41."Climb Munt Tai and the whle wrld lks small." Cnfucius nce declared frm the summit.(1) ______ is a challenge t turists is the climbing t the tp f Munt Tai.It takes them three t seven hurs(2) ______ (walk) the whle way.
    Fr thusands f years,Munt Tai has been a surce f(3) ______ (inspire) fr pets and thinkers.The muntain is in the east,and in Chinese culture east(4) ______ (regard) as a sacred directin because that is where the sun and mn rise.Therefre,Munt Tai is the mst hly f China's five sacred muntains.
    In the mrning,we gt up at 4 psitin urselves fr the sunrise.Frm Jade Emperr Peak(5) ______ (lcate) amng hundreds f thers,we were frtunate enugh t see a clear sunrise.After that,we hiked fr abut five hurs(6) ______ the muntain and thrugh Peach Blssm Valley,a beautiful walk thrugh(7) ______ (flwer) peach trees and pls f water.
    The greenery up the muntain made fr(8) ______ fantastic climb,and the secnd-day valley hike was(9) ______ (sure) t me the highlight,and nt just because there were n steps up.It was(10) ______ (peace),allwing me t enjy the greater visin I had gathered frm the tp.
    (1)
    (2)
    (3)
    (4)
    (5)
    (6)
    (7)
    (8)
    (9)
    (10)
    五、短文改错:本大题共1小题,共10分。
    42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
    增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号∧,并在其下面写出该加的词。
    删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
    修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
    注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
    2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
    Dear Sir/Madam,
    I am a Chinese high schl student.I'm writing t apply t English literature majr in yur university.
    There are three reasn fr my chice.T begin with,I develped a strng interest in English since my childhd.Lsing in English literature,I find a sense f satisfactin.What's mre,it's knwn that English literature indeed plays an increasing imprtant rle in ur daily life.It nt nly enriches ur mind but als establish cultural and emtinal ties between them with freigners.Last but nt least,the majr cntributes t find a gd jb.This is why mst emplyers favr thse with a gd understanding f English literature.
    Frm where I stand,I have achieved gd academic perfrmance in all English literature exams.I make it a habit t read English literature every day.I believe that I am qualified fr the applicatin.
    I wuld appreciate it that if yu reply t me as sn as pssible.
    Yurs, Li Hua
    六、书面表达:本大题共1小题,共20分。
    43.假定你是李华,最近在准备英语课的演讲,主题为英国小说。请给你的英国朋友Mike写一封信,让他推荐一些阅读英国小说的网站,内容包括:
    ( 1)演讲主题;
    ( 2)对网站的要求;
    ( 3)期待回复。
    注意:
    ( 1)词数100左右;
    ( 2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
    答案和解析
    1~3.【答案】B、A、C
    【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在哥本哈根的自行车旅行。
    1. 根据第一段And tday ur fcus is Travelling with a Bike.(今天我们的重点是骑自行车旅行。)可知,这篇文章可能是给自行车旅行者看的。故选B。
    2. 根据BIKES ON THE TRAIN中的Bicycles can be taken n s-tg lines fr free but yu can't take bikes thrugh Nørreprt statin during peak hurs.(自行车可以免费乘坐s-tg线,但在高峰时段不能通过Nørreprt站。)可知,高峰时间s-tg列车上可以免费携带自行车。故选A。
    3. 根据BIKES ON THE BUS中的Yu can bring a bike n a bus but each bus is limited t tw bikes, even if there is much space. Generally, peple d nt travel with their bikes n buses in Cpenhagen.(你可以带一辆自行车上公共汽车,但每辆公共汽车仅限于两辆自行车,即使有很大的空间。一般来说,在哥本哈根人们不携带自行车乘公共汽车。)可知,在公共汽车上携带自行车不能得到保证。故选C。
    4~7.【答案】B、C、C、C
    【解析】(1)B.句意猜测题。根据第一段Humans are very scial creatures.In additin t verbal (语言的) cmmunicatin,we als use ur bdies t help us better express ur thughts and feelings.This nn-verbal cmmunicatin is knwn as bdy language.(人类是非常社会化的生物。除了语言交流,我们还利用身体帮助我们更好地表达我们的思想和感情。这种非语言交流被称为肢体语言。)可知,人类会利用各种方式来相互交流,这说明人类是社会化的生物,故选B。
    (2)C.推理判断题。根据第三段Fr example,yu might mve yur head frm side t side t express the wrd "n" instead f actually saying the wrd.Or,yu might give a "thumbs (拇指) up" t shw that yu like r agree with smething.(例如,你可能会左右移动你的头来表达"不"这个词,而不是实际说出这个词。或者,你可以"竖起大拇指"表明你喜欢或同意某事。)可知,第三段的两个例子表明人类是如何传达信息的,故选C。
    (3)C.细节理解题。根据第四段But nw that we are spending mre time nline,we may nt have as many in-persn interactins as befre.Because f this,ur means f nn-verbal cmmunicatin has changed,but is still an imprtant way t express ur thughts.(但现在我们花更多的时间上网,我们可能没有以前那么多的面对面交流。正因为如此,我们的非语言交流方式发生了变化,但仍然是表达我们思想的重要方式。)可知,因为我们很多时候都在网上交流,因此数字肢体语言变得越来越重要,故选C。
    (4)C.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段When we are cmmunicating nline,we are nly revealing the cntent and leaving ut tnes and facial expressins.That's when emjis can help in cmmunicatin.(当我们在网上交流时,我们只透露内容,而忽略了语气和面部表情。这时表情符号可以帮助交流。)可知,符号在交流过程中可以帮助我们表达情绪,故选C。
    本文是一篇日常生活类阅读,主要介绍了肢体语言重要的几个方面。
    做这类阅读理解,要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。
    8~11.【答案】C、D、C、D
    【解析】(1)C.细节理解题。根据文章第一段It desn't need ne because Margt simply desn't cause anything t get thrwn away.The restaurant desn't allw any type f single use plastic.Margt,which pened last year,is ne f the small but grwing restaurants arund the wrld aiming t avid nt nly fd leftvers,but als any garbage.(它不需要垃圾桶,因为Margt根本不会导致任何东西被扔掉。这家餐厅不允许使用任何类型的一次性塑料。去年开业的Margt是世界上小型但不断增长的餐厅之一,不仅旨在避免剩菜,也旨在避免任何垃圾。)可知Margt的特点是它的零浪费的目标。故选C项。
    (2)D.段落大意题。根据文章第三段Restaurants frm McDnald's t Starbucks are addressing this issue with "n straw Mndays" and limits n single-serving plastic,but a handful f restaurateurs are trying t get rid f rubbish entirely.There's als ecnmic case t be made fr waste reductin.One study shws that restaurants save seven dllars fr every dllar invested in anti- waste methds.(从麦当劳到星巴克,许多餐馆都在用"星期一没有吸管"和对一次性塑料的限制来解决这个问题,而一些餐馆老板正试图完全清除垃圾。减少浪费也有经济理由。一项研究表明,餐馆在反浪费方法上每投资1美元,就能节省7美元。)可知文章第三段主要讲的是一些餐馆在减少垃圾方面所做出的努力。故选D项。
    (3)C.细节理解题。根据文章第四段Cmpst (堆肥) is a necessity as well.Nlla (meaning "zer" in Finnish) in Helsinki,Finland is giving cmpst t its suppliers as well as its diners.Nlla als has fd- tracking sftware mre cmmnly used amng crprate fd service cmpanies t keep track f what sells and what rts.(堆肥也是一种必需。芬兰赫尔辛基的Nlla(芬兰的意思是"零")正在为其供应商和食客提供堆肥。)可知Nlla努力提供堆肥给它的顾客。故选C项。
    (4)D.推理判断题。根据文章第二段He says that fd waste cntributes t releasing the greenhuse gas,s there is strng mtivatin t reduce waste and help the envirnment.(他说,食物浪费导致释放温室气体,所以我们有强烈的动力来减少浪费和帮助环境。)以及最后一段Calvin ffers sme pinters n what t lk fr t make sure a restaurant is truly cmmitted t sustainability.(Calvin就如何确保一家餐厅真正致力于可持续发展提供了一些建议。)可知Calvin认为餐厅应该对食品工业的可持续发展作出贡献。故选D项。
    这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地的餐饮业在减少食物垃圾方面为食品业的可持续发展所做出的努力。
    阅读理解解题步骤:首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意,因为阅读理解题一般没有标题,所以,速读全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速读的过程中,应尽可能多地捕获信息材料;其次细读题材,各个击破,掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读每篇材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息,要善于抓住每段的主题句,阅读时,要有较强的针对性,对于捕获到的信息,要做认真分析,仔细推敲,理解透彻,只有这样,针对题目要求,才能做到稳、准。
    12~15.【答案】A、D、D、C
    【解析】(1)A.细节理解题。根据第一段句子Thrugh an analysis f fMRI brain scan images taken frm 138 peple,the new artificial intelligence algrithm (算法) achieved an accuracy rate f ver 99 percent in detecting ptential indicatrs f Alzheimer's (老人痴呆症).In particular,the methd is able t pick ut signs f mild cgnitive impairment r MCI (轻度认知障碍)-which is the step between cgnitive decline (as nrmally assciated with aging) and Alzheimer's.(通过分析138人的功能磁共振脑扫描图像,新的人工智能算法(算法)检测阿尔茨海默病潜在指标的准确率超过 99%(老人痴呆症).特别是,该方法能够识别轻度认知障碍或MCI的迹象(轻度认知障碍)-这是认知能力下降(通常与衰老有关)和阿尔茨海默病之间的一步。)MCI可以通过人工智能算法进行识别。故选A。
    (2)D.推理判断题。根据第二段 While human analysis f fMRI scans fr signs f MCI can well adapt t varius situatins,(虽然人类对功能磁共振成像扫描信号的分析可以很好地适应各种情况,)可知磁共振扫描的优势是它的灵活性。A.Mre reliable更可靠的;B.Mre accurate更准确的;C.Much faster更快的;D.Mre flexible更灵活的。故选D。
    (3)D.观点态度题。根据最后一段Varius methds are used t detect Alzheimer's right nw,including eye tracking,vice analysis,and even the installatin f sensrs in peple's hmes-but AI methds like the ne utlined in this new study prmise t be faster and simpler.(目前有多种方法被用于检测阿尔茨海默病,包括眼睛跟踪、语音分析,甚至在人们的家中安装传感器,但像这项新研究中概述的人工智能方法有望更快、更简单。)可知作者对于识别阿尔茨海默病的人工智能方法持支持的态度。A.Dubtful 值得怀疑的。B.Neutral中立的;C.Uncertain不确定的;D.Favrable赞成的,支持的。故选D。
    (4)C.标题归纳题。Thrugh an analysis f fMRI brain scan images taken frm 138 peple,the new artificial intelligence algrithm (算法) achieved an accuracy rate f ver 99 percent in detecting ptential indicatrs f Alzheimer's.(通过分析138人的功能磁共振脑扫描图像,新的人工智能算法(算法)检测阿尔茨海默病潜在指标的准确率超过 99%。)可知本文主要介绍了人工智能可以高精度地识别老年痴呆症的症状。A.AI Gained a New Functin in Health Care.人工智能在医疗保健领域获得了新的功能;B.AI Can Offer Early Treatment fr Alzheimer's.人工智能可以为老年痴呆症提供早期治疗;C.AI Can Identify Signs f Alzheimer's with High Accuracy人工智能可以高精度地识别老年痴呆症的症状;D.Mdern Technlgies Are Helpful in Prtecting Our Health.现代技术有助于保护我们的健康。故选C。
    本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了人工智能可以高精度地识别老年痴呆症的症状。
    做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项填写出正确答案。
    16~20.【答案】A、E、D、F、G
    【解析】(1)A.细节理解题。上文I'm a student at the Cllege f Visual and Perfrming Arts where we create all kinds f art every day.(我是一名视觉与表演艺术学院的学生,每天都在创作各种各样的艺术作品)以及下文But I dn't think thse peple truly knw the difficulties and struggles in the prcess f making art.(但是我认为那些人并不是真正了解艺术创作过程中的艰辛。)说明中间设空处需要填一个意思与其相反相对的表达。 A项"Outsiders think ur jbs easy(外人认为我们的工作很容易。)恰好与之对应,下文的thse peple指代A项中的Outsiders,下文的difficult也与A项中的easy对应。故选A项。
    (2)E.推理判断题。上文First f all,we need t be inspired.Yu may think that's easy.In fact,anything can serve as a cncept f a wrk f art(首先,我们需要灵感。你可能认为这很容易。事实上,任何东西都可以作为艺术作品的概念。)提到了艺术创作需要灵感,而任何东西都可以作为艺术作品的概念,这是容易的部分。而下文Smetimes we will need peple,vlunteers,bdies t d s and finding willing peple t wrk is hard({有时我们需要人、志愿者、人模来做这些,而找到愿意做这些工作的人很难。)提到很难找到愿意做这些工作的人,属于艺术创作工作中难的部分。因此中间需要有过度,E项"The hard part cmes when we put ur ideas int reality(我们要把想法变为实际时,困难就来了。)"恰好能把上下文衔接起来。故选E项。
    (3)D.段落大意题。本题设空处位于段首,根据下文We need a space t be able t be creative and that can be tricky t acquire.Smetimes we need art supplies r certain equipment and cstumes and that can cst mney.Even if we d acquire what we need,visins change and mistakes happen s we might nt end up using the resurces.(我们需要一个能够发挥创造力的空间,而这很难获得。有时我们需要一些艺术用品或某些设备和服装,这需要花钱。即使我们获得了我们需要的东西,我们的想法会发生变化,错误也会随之出现,所以我们可能最终不会使用这些资源。)可知,整段内容都在讲艺术创作需要用到的资源,故段首句需要含括整段内容。结合选项可知,D项"Resurces are als a huge factr in making art.(资源也是艺术创作的一个重要因素。)"一方面能概括整段内容,另一方面als与第二段的first f all对应。故选D项。
    (4)F.推理判断题。上文The prcess can take weeks,mnths,and even years t be fully realized.Once cmpleted,we need t share it and find an audience and prvide an envirnment t display ur wrk.(这个过程可能需要几周、几个月、甚至几年的时间才能完全实现。一旦完成,我们需要分享它,找个观众,并提供一个环境来展示我们的作品。)提到了作品完成后会做的事情;下文 What if nbdy likes what we created?What if ur visin isn't what we thught thugh cmpleted?(如果没有人喜欢我们创造的东西怎么办?如果我们的想法并不如我们所想的那样完成了呢?)是对完成作品后可能出现问题的假设,且都是一些消极的想法, F项"And the negative thughts lve t verpwer ur minds.(我们的大脑里总是充斥着各种消极的想法。)"恰好与下文的消极设问对应。故选F项。
    (5)G.推理判断题。上文Creating art is an art in itself.It is rally nt as easy as many peple think.(艺术创作本身就是一种艺术。这真的不像许多人想的那么容易。)总结性地提到了艺术创作并不是那么容易的;下文It's hw we express urselves and hw we cmmunicate with the rest f the wrld.(它是我们表达自我的方式,也是我们与世界交流的方式。)总结了艺术创作对从事艺术的人的意义,故中间同样需要一句总结性的话语,表明艺术创作的不易。G项"It takes time,patience and space when things dn't g as expected.(当事情不像预期那样发展时,需要时间、耐心和空间。)"恰好总结了前面几段的内容,符合文意。故选G项。
    这是一篇议论文。文章开篇提出很多人认为艺术创作的工作很简单,但作者认为这些外行人士不懂艺术创作的艰难之处,并从艺术创作的灵感、资源、时间等方面论述艺术创作工作的不易,最后总结出艺术创作本身就是一件艺术,需要耐心、时间、空间。
    关于选句填空的做题步骤:
    步骤一:快速浏览一遍备选答案,先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置:标题,句首,句中,句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
    步骤二:快速浏览文章,确定文章体裁,抓住文章结构。
    步骤三:分析篇章结构,找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
    步骤四:注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段,寻找句中衔接标志词。
    步骤五:区分相似项。
    21~40.【答案】B、A、D、C、B、A、B、D、A、C、D、D、C、C、A、D、B、C、A、B
    【解析】(1)B.考查名词及语境理解。A.day白天;B.night夜晚;C.year年份;D.dusk黄昏。句意:我通常整夜工作,所以我是醒着的。根据上文"A friend f mine called me at 2 am."以及下文"s I was awake"可知,作者经常工作到晚上很晚,所以当朋友在凌晨两点打来电话时,作者还醒着。故选B。
    (2)A.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.ging thrugh经受(尤指苦难或艰难时期);B.backing up备份;C.lining in with衬入;D.making up fr弥补。句意:她遇到了一些问题,想和我谈谈。根据空后"sme prblems"可知,作者的朋友凌晨两点打来电话,说明她遇到了一些问题。故选A。
    (3)D.考查动词及语境理解。A.equipped配备;B.cntrasted对比;C.prvided提供;D.verladed使负担过重。句意:我工作负担过重,压力很大。根据下文"under a lt f pressure"可知,作者的工作负担很重,压力很大。be verladed with"担过重"。故选D。
    (4)C.考查介词及语境理解。A.Given鉴于;B.Including包括;C.Besides除了;D.Withut没有。句意:除了工作,我还有很多心事。根据上文"I was(3)with wrk,under a lt f pressure."可知,除了作者的工作,作者还有很多事情要去考虑。故选C。
    (5)B.考查动词及语境理解。A.regretted后悔;B.decided决定;C.hesitated犹豫;D.dedicated专注。句意:但我决定停止我正在做的事情,把一切都搁置起来,然后和她谈谈。根据下文"stp what I was ding"可知,虽然作者还有很多事情要做,但是她决定放下工作陪朋友聊一聊。故选B。
    (6)A.考查介词短语及语境理解。A.n hld暂缓;B.ut f cntrl失控;C.at hand在手边;D.within reach触手可及。句意:但我决定停止我正在做的事情,把一切都搁置起来,然后和她谈谈。根据上文"stp what I was ding"可知,作者决定放下她正在做的事情,暂缓做它,然后和朋友聊一聊。故选A。
    (7)B.考查名词及语境理解。A.prgram计划;B.situatin情况;C.life生活;D.frtune财富。句意:它起到了作用,因为我们在谈话结束后我们设法弄清楚了情况。根据语境可知,作者的朋友遇到了一些问题,找作者聊天。作者觉得打完电话后她们弄清楚了情况是什么样的,所以这个电话是很有用的。故选B。
    (8)D.考查动词及语境理解。A.takes接受;B.determines确定;C.understands理解;D.matters重要。句意:我知道有时候重要的不是你在说什么,也不是你是否找到了一个明确的问题解决方案。根据下文"What really cunts is knwing that when yu are ging thrugh a(n)(10)time,yu have a shulder t lean n."可知,作者觉得有的时候重要的不是你在说什么,也不是是否找到了明确的解决方法,而是有人在你身边支持你。故选D。
    (9)A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.clear明确的;B.fancy幻想的;C.severe严重的;D.equal同的。句意:我知道有时候重要的不是你在说什么,也不是你是否找到了一个明确的问题解决方案。根据语境可知,作者认为帮助朋友就是支持她,在她遇到困难的时候给他一个肩膀依靠,而不在乎是否给她找到了解决问题的明确的方法。故选A。
    (10)C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.additinal额外的;B.frtunate幸运的;C.tugh艰难的;D.great很棒的。句意:真正重要的是,当你经历困难的时候,你有一个肩膀可以依靠。根据上文"She was(2)sme prblems and wanted t talk t me abut them."可知,作者认为帮助朋友度过困难,重要的是给她提供肩膀依靠。故选C。
    (11)D.考查动词及语境理解。A.get得到;B.leaves离开;C.lets让;D.cares关心。句意:只要知道有人足够关心你,给你时间、支持和鼓励,而不做任何判断,就足以减轻你身上的大部分负担。根据下文"give yu time,supprt"可知,作者认为当你遇到困难时,重要的是有人关心你,给你时间并支持你。故选D。
    (12)D.考查名词及语境理解。A.criticism批评;B.prfit利润;C.presentatin陈述;D.encuragement鼓励。句意:只要知道有人足够关心你,给你时间、支持和鼓励,而不做任何判断,就足以减轻你身上的大部分负担。根据上文"give yu time,supprt"可知,作者认为当你遇到困难时,重要的是有人关心你,给你时间,支持和鼓励你。故选D。
    (13)C.考查动词及语境理解。A.stress强调;B.cmplain抱怨;C.remve去除;D.remember记住。句意:只要知道有人足够关心你,给你时间、支持和鼓励,而不做任何判断,就足以减轻你身上的大部分负担。根据上文语境以及"much f the weight that yu are carrying."可知,当你遇到困难时,只要有人支持你,鼓励你,就会减轻你身上的大部分负担。故选C。
    (14)C.考查动词及语境理解。A.see看见;B.put放;C.struggle奋斗;D.depart离开。句意:我曾经遇到过这样的情况,我不得不独自一人奋斗,没有任何支持。根据下文"with n supprt at all"可知,作者也曾经遇到过困难,但是她不得不一个人去奋斗。故选C。
    (15)A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.independent独立的;B.discuraging令人沮丧的; C.admirable令人钦佩的;D.reliable可靠的。句意:这样生活使你非常独立。根据下文"leaves yu feeling like yu can nly depend n yurself可知,不得不独自一人奋斗的情况让作者变得非常独立。故选A。
    (16)D.考查名词及语境理解。A.result结果;B.advcate拥护;C.ignrance无知;D.supprt支持。句意:我有时会得到人们的支持,完全出乎意料的是,当我真的需要的时候。根据下文"having smene t talk t"可知,作者有时在遇到困难时也会找人聊一聊,寻求支持。故选D。
    (17)B.考查副词及语境理解。A privately私下地;B.unexpectedly出乎意料地;C.rughly粗略地;D.unfairly不公平地。句意:我有时会得到人们的支持,完全出乎意料的是,当我真的需要的时候。根据上文"Living like this makes yu very(15)."可知,不得不独自一人奋斗的情况让作者变得非常独立。但是出乎作者意料的是,真正需要支持时,作者也会找人倾诉。故选B。
    (18)C.考查名词及语境理解。A.prpsal提案;B.similarity相似性;C.difference差异;D.acknwledgement确认。句意:我意识到,有人可以倾诉,这会起多大的作用。根据语境可知,作者在找人寻求支持后,她意识到了这个能起多大的作用。make a difference"起作用"。故选C。
    (19)A.考查动词及语境理解。A.slve解决;B.benefit受益;C.rule统治;D keep保留。句意:尽管我们没有解决这个问题,但我希望我能够减轻她身上的一些重量。根据上文"whether yu have fund a(n)(9)slutin t the prblem"可知,作者认为尽管没有解决问题,但是也希望能够减轻她身上的一些负担。故选A。
    (20)B.考查动词及语境理解。A.infrm通知;B.relieve缓解;C.cnvince说服;D.remind提醒。句意:尽管我们没有解决这个问题,但我希望我能够减轻她身上的一些重量。根据上文"Just knwing that smebdy(11)enugh t give yu time,supprt and (12),withut any judgment,is enugh t(13)much f the weight that yu are carrying."可知,虽然没能解决她的问题,但是作者也希望能够帮她减轻负担。故选B。
    这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要讲述了作者的一个朋友深夜打来电话,因为她遇到了一些问题,需要和作者谈谈。作者放下手边的工作和朋友了聊很长的时间。虽然她们没有找到明确的解决办法,但是她觉得朋友轻松了不少。有的时候,有人倾听,有人支持就能帮助人们度过难关。
    完形填空是在单项填空的基础上发展起来的介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型。它题材广泛,体裁多样。文章内容新颖、有趣、可读性强,具有鲜明的时代感,包括社会生活、风土人情、人文环境、人物传记等。
    41.【答案】【小题1】What
    【小题2】t walk
    【小题3】inspiratin
    【小题4】is regarded
    【小题5】lcated
    【小题6】dwn
    【小题7】flwering
    【小题8】a
    【小题9】surely
    【小题10】peaceful
    【解析】(1)What.考查主语从句。句意:对游客来说,登上泰山是一项挑战。引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语,指事情应用what,句首单词首字母要大写。故填What。
    (2)t walk.考查动词不定式。句意:他们需要3到7个小时才能走完全程。此处为句型it takes sb.sme time t d sth.表示"做某事花费某人多少时间"。故填t walk。
    (3)inspiratin.考查不可数名词。句意:千百年来,泰山一直是诗人和思想家的灵感源泉。作介词的宾语,表示"灵感"应用名词inspiratin,不可数。故填inspiratin。
    (4)is regarded.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:山在东方,在中国文化中,东方被视为一个神圣的方向,因为那是太阳和月亮升起的地方。因此,泰山是中国五大神山中最神圣的一座。结合句意表示"被看作……"短语为be regarded as,陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为east,谓语用单数。故填is regarded。
    (5)lcated.考查过去分词。句意:从位于数百座山峰中的玉皇峰,我们有幸看到了晴朗的日出。分析句子结构可知lcate在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语Jade Emperr Peak构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填lcated。
    (6)dwn.考查介词。句意:之后,我们步行了大约5个小时下山,穿过桃花谷,这是一条美丽的路,穿过开花的桃树和水潭。结合句意表示"下山"应用介词dwn。故填dwn。
    (7)flwering.考查形容词。句意:之后,我们步行了大约5个小时下山,穿过桃花谷,这是一条美丽的路,穿过开花的桃树和水潭。修饰名词trees应用形容词flwering。故填flwering。
    (8)a.考查不定冠词。句意:山上的绿色植物让我有了一次奇妙的攀登,对我来说,第二天的山谷徒步旅行肯定是最精彩的,不仅仅是因为没有台阶。climb此处为泛指一次奇妙的攀登,且fantastic是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
    (9)surely.考查副词。句意:山上的绿色植物让我有了一次奇妙的攀登,对我来说,第二天的山谷徒步旅行肯定是最精彩的,不仅仅是因为没有台阶。修饰句子应用副词surely,作状语。故填surely。
    (10)peaceful.考查形容词。句意:那里很宁静,让我可以欣赏到我从高处看到的更大的景象。作表语,表示"宁静"应用形容词peaceful。故填peaceful。
    本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了泰山以及作者爬泰山的经历。
    语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用,做题时要首先明确短文大意,从词语搭配,固定句型,语法,时态等方面综合考虑,结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
    42.【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
    I am a Chinese high schl student.I'm writing t apply t English literature majr in yur university.
    There are three reasn fr my chice.T begin with,I ∧develped a strng interest in English since my childhd. Lsing in English literature,I find a sense f satisfactin.What's mre,it's knwn that English literature indeed plays an increasing imprtant rle in ur daily life.It nt nly enriches ur mind but als establish cultural and emtinal ties between them with freigners.Last but nt least,the majr cntributes t find a gd jb.This is why mst emplyers favr thse with a gd understanding f English literature.
    Frm where I stand,I have achieved gd academic perfrmance in all English literature exams.I make it a habit t read English literature every day.I believe that I am qualified fr the applicatin.
    I wuld appreciate it that if yu reply t me as sn as pssible.
    详解:
    (1)t改为fr.考查介词。句意:我写信是想申请贵校的英国文学专业。apply fr"申请",故t改为fr。
    (2)reasn改为reasns.考查可数名词的复数。句意:我的选择有三个原因。前面有大于一的数字,所以用名词复数,故reasn改为reasns。
    (3)I后面加have.考查动词时态。句意:首先,我从小就对英语产生了浓厚的兴趣。since常和现在完成时态连用,故I后面加have。
    (4)Lsing改为Lst.考查过去分词。句意:沉浸在英国文学中,我找到了一种满足感。根据固定搭配be lst in"沉浸于",可知用过去分词作状语,故Lsing改为Lst。
    (5)increasing改为increasingly.考查副词。句意:更重要的是,众所周知,英国文学确实在我们的日常生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。修饰形容词,所以用副词,故increasing改为increasingly。
    (6)establish改为establishes.考查主谓一致。句意:它不仅丰富了我们的思想,而且还建立了我们与外国人之间的文化和情感联系。和enriches并列作谓语,所以用第三人称单数形式,故establish改为establishes。
    (7)them改为us.考查代词。句意:它不仅丰富了我们的思想,而且还建立了我们与外国人之间的文化和情感联系。指"我们",所以用us作介词的宾语,故them改为us。
    (8)find改为finding.考查动名词。句意:最后但并非最不重要,专业有助于找到一份好工作。cntribute t"促进",后跟名词、动名词,故find改为finding。
    (9)why改为because.考查表语从句。句意:这是因为大多数雇主更喜欢那些了解英国文学的人。表示"因为",所以用because引导表语从句,故why改为because。
    (10)去掉that.考查句子结构。句意:如果您能尽快回复我,我将不胜感激。it作形式宾语,后跟if引导宾语从句,所以that多余,故去掉that。
    【解析】这是一篇申请信,作者给一所大学写信申请英国文学专业,介绍了自己的情况。
    1.先通读全文。认真阅读短文,在做题之前确保已经弄清大意。注意文章中上下文的逻辑关系是否正确,时态、人称、主谓、指代等是否一致。
    2.聚焦出题热点、综合运用所学语言知识,对不同的错误情况进行分析和回答(即改词、加词或减词)。
    3.再次通读全文,校对自己的改正是否正确。一般各种改错的方式都应该用到,如果出现了某一种改法(如加词、减词等)没有用到,要考虑自己的改错应该有问题,要对刚才不是很有把握的行进行推敲。
    43.【答案】Dear Mike,
    Hw is everything ging?I' ve been ccupied with the preparatin fr a speech in my English class,whse theme is abut British nvels and I badly need yur help t recmmend a website t me.【高分句型一】(演讲主题)
    The website shuld fcus n British nvels,which expses readers t classic British nvels with their authrs and creatin backgrund included. 【高分句型二】Als texts abut sme famus chapters with relevant pictures and vides are preferred.Of curse,what's n the website is expected t be easily accessible and dwnladed.(对网站的要求)
    Thanks in advance and I'm lking frward t yur early reply.(期待回复)
    Yurs,
    Li Hua
    【解析】高分句型一:I' ve been ccupied with the preparatin fr a speech in my English class,whse theme is abut British nvels and I badly need yur help t recmmend a website t me.
    译文:我一直在为英语课上的一个演讲做准备,这个演讲的主题是关于英国小说,我非常需要你的帮助来推荐一个网站给我。
    分析:这句话使用了whse引导的非限制性定语从句。
    高分句型二:The website shuld fcus n British nvels,which expses readers t classic British nvels with their authrs and creatin backgrund included.
    译文:该网站应重点关注英国小说,让读者接触英国经典小说,包括作者和创作背景。
    分析:这句话使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
    这是一篇提纲类作文,需要写的内容已经给出,但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译,而是要添加些内容,使文章看起来更充实,要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文,一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题,给出的要点都需要包括,缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系,不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式,同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数,不要太多也不要太少。

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