2022-2023学年天津市和平区高二(下)期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)
展开1.-Reading is the best way t pass time n the train.
- . I never g traveling withut a bk.( )
A. Yu are jkingB. That's true
C. I dn't think sD. It sunds like fun
2.-Lydia,what did ur head teacher say just nw?
-Every by and every girl as well as the teachers wh_____ t lead the grup______ asked t be at the schl gate befre 6:30in the mrning.( )
A. is; isB. are; areC. are; isD. is; are
3.—I think Tny will give us a hand.
—Dn't it.He is s busy.( )
A. agree tB. bank nC. take inD. cpe with
4.The mst pleasant thing f the rainy seasn is _____ ne can be entirely free frm dust.( )
A. whatB. thatC. whetherD. why
5.When I started my PhD and realized that I wuld need financial help,I ________ t the student advice ffice and tld them that I was a carer.( )
A. wuld gB. had gneC. was gingD. went
6.Yu must set realistic fr yurself,s yu are able t track yur grwth in the lng run.( )
A. bjectivesB. ccupatinC. capacityD. reputatin
7.Peple with lwer back pain shuld cnsult a physicians skilled in herbal medicines befre taking medicine due t severe side effects.( )
A. particularlyB. rarelyC. urgentlyD. ptentially
8.—Hw are yu getting n yur trial n the reuse f ld tires.
—The bss my prpsal as t expensive.( )
A. rejectedB. evaluatedC. plishedD. bsted
9.—We'll g camping this weekend.
— yu g in the wild,take a first aid kit with yu.It culd save yur life.( )
A. HweverB. WhereverC. In caseD. Unless
10.With bjects frm small pcket watches t clcks ver ne meter in height,each f these requires its wn unique methd restratin.( )
A. t rangeB. rangingC. rangedD. having ranged
二、阅读理解:本大题共15小题,共30分。
A
Fur Hiking Trails fr Family Turs
Warner Park Nature Center
Stp at the nature center t pick up a map f the diverse trails.Trails are pen frm daybreak t 11 Little Acrn Trail is a 150-yard lp,including five stps specially built fr children aged 6 and under.Hwever,yu are nt allwed t take baby carriages in the park.Parents have t rent them at the visitr center.
7311 Highway 1,Nashville,615-862-8555
11.Where d parents prbably g with their little readers? ______
A. 7311 Highway 100,Nashville.
B. 400 Zieglers Frt Rad,Gallatin.
C. 5911 Old Hickry Blvd,Nashville.
D. 1160 Otter Creek Rad,Nashville.
12.When is Radnr Lake State Park mst frequently visited? ______
A. In spring.B. In summer.C. In autumn.D. In winter.
13.What is the disadvantage f Warner Park Nature Center? ______
A. It is frbidden t take pets there.
B. It has shrt business hurs.
C. It has an age limit fr hikers.
D. It charges parents fr baby carriages.
B
22-year-ld New Jersey resident Je DiMe had a rare face and hands transplant last August.In 2019,DiMe fell asleep at the wheel after wrking a night shift as a prduct tester fr a drug cmpany.The car hit a pleflipped(快速翻转) ver,and burst int flames.Anther driver wh saw the accident pulled ver t rescue Di Mic.
Afterward,he underwent 20 surgeries and many skin grafts (移植) t treat his third-degree burns.Once it became clear that traditinal surgeries culdn't help him regain full visin r use f his hands,DiMe's medical team began preparing fr the risky transplant.Almst immediately,the team encuntered challenges including finding a dnr (捐献者).Hwever,abut tw years later the team finally identified a dnr in Delaware and cmpleted the 23-hur prcedure a few days later.
US surgens have cmpleted at least 18 face transplants and 35 hand transplants,accrding t the United Netwrk fr Organ Sharing (UNOS),which versees the natin's transplant system.But the face and duble hand transplant is extremely rare and had nly been tried twice befre.The first attempt was in 2009 n a patient in Paris wh died abut a mnth later frm cmplicatins (并发症).Tw years later,Bstn dctrs tried it again n a wman,but had t remve the transplanted hands days later.
As with any transplant,the danger f rejectin is the highest early n,but lasts endlessly."Yu're never free frm that risk,"a dctr said. "Transplantatin fr any patient is a prcess that plays ut ver a lng perid f time." Still,the dctr was amazed t see that DiMe was able t master skills like zipping up his jacket and putting n his shes."It's very pleasing and satisfying t all f us."
S far,DiMe has nt shwn any signs f rejecting his new face r hands. "Yu gt a new chance at life.Yu really can't give up,"he said.
14.Why did DiMe need surgeries? ______
A. He gt injured after being hit by anther driver.
B. He had an accident during his shift.
C. He was tested fr a drug cmpany.
D. He gt burned in a car accident.
15.What difficulty did the medical team experience? ______
A. Lack f dnrs.B. Repeated surgeries.
C. Serius cmplicatins.D. N previus practice t fllw.
16.Why did the authr mentin the tw surgeries in Paragraph 3? ______
A. T prve medical technlgy has greatly advanced.
B. T explain abut the dangers f such surgeries.
C. T shw DiMe's peratin was a success.
D. T stress such surgeries shuld be avided.
17.What can we infer frm the dctr's wrds in the last but ne paragraph? ______
A. It is pssible t avid the danger f rejectin.
B. DiMe's imprvement gave them a sense f pride.
C. Transplantatin is a life-saving chance fr patients.
D. It is impssible fr any high-risk patient t recver.
C
ChatGPT is an artificial-intelligence chatbt develped by San Francisc-based AI research cmpany Open AI.Released in Nvember 2022,it can have cnversatins n tpics frm histry t philsphy,generate lyrics in the style f Taylr Swift r Billy Jel,and suggest edits fr cmputer prgramming cde.
ChatGPT is trained n a vast cmpilatin f articles,websites and scial-media psts cllected frm the Internet as well as real-time cnversatins—primarily in English—with humans hired by Open AI.It learns t mimic the grammar and structure f the writing and reflects frequently-used phrases.
The chatbt isn't always accurate:its surces aren't fact-checked and it relies n human feedback t imprve its accuracy.
Open AI develped ChatGPT as part f a strategy t build AI sftware that will help the cmpany turn a prfit.In January,Micrsft unveiled a fresh multibillin-dllar investment in Open AI and said it planned t add ChatGPT int its Bing search app and ther prducts.Cmpetitrs Ggle and Baidu are pushing t launch similar tls.
ChatGPT is free.Open AI released the chatbt as a research preview and users can try it thrugh a particular website.In February,Open AI als launched a high-level versin fr $20 a mnth,starting in the US,that will give subscribers pririty access.
Media cmpanies including Buzz Feed and the publisher f Sprts Illustrated have annunced plans t generate cntent such as quizzes and articles with Chat GPT.Sme schls have blcked access t the service n their netwrks t reduce cheating,while thers are actively encuraging students t use the tls ethically(道德上).
AI chat bts and ther generative AI prgrams are mirrrs t the data they cnsume.They repeat and remix what they are fed t bth great effect and great failure.Transfrmer-based AI prgram failures are particularly difficult t predict and cntrl because the prgrams rely n such vast quantities f data that it is almst impssible fr the develpers t grasp what that data cntains.
ChatGPT,fr example,will smetimes answer questins crrectly n tpics where it gained high-quality surces and frequently talked with its human trainers.It will respnd nnsense t tpics that cntain a lt f misinfrmatin n the Internet such as cnspiracy theries.
Sme artists have als said that AI image generatrs cpy their artwrk and threaten their livelihds,while sftware engineers have said that cde generatrs rip large amunts f their cde.
18.Why des the authr mentin "Taylr Swift" in Paragraph 1? ______
A. T intrduce a tpic.B. T advertise a prduct.
C. T make a predictin.D. T present a fact.
19.Which f the fllwing made Open AI develp ChatGPT? ______
A. Mney.B. Research.
C. Micrsft.D. Ggle and Baidu.
20.What's the main idea f the last paragraph? ______
A. AI can be widely used.
B. AI shuld nt be used in the art field.
C. Many peple bject t the use f AI.
D. The use f AI shuld be frbidden.
21.In which part f a newspaper can yu read the text? ______
A. Envirnment.B. Technlgy.C. Lifestyle.D. Histry.
D
D what yu lve,and yu'll never wrk anther day in yur life.We've heard that pinin cuntless times.But des it even ring true?In fact,I think it's perfectly nrmal t lve yur jb and simultaneusly (同时发生的) recgnize the fact that it's hard wrk.That's right!Smetimes yu may feel stressed,verwhelmed r even tired ut.It desn't mean that yu're in the wrng line f wrk.
Think back t when yu were a little kid.D yu remember what yur answer was when peple leaned frward and inquired abut what yu wanted t be when yu grew up?Well,I always tld peple I wanted t be a bird.Having passins and interests is encuraged.But finding what yu lve is nly half the equatin.Yu need t be able t make a living ding it.Real-life pressures require us t pursue avenues that are able t prvide us with a decent and cmfrtable standard f living.
Wrk and play are tw vastly different things.Wrk requires effrt in rder t pay the bills and put fd n the table,whereas play is all abut fun and enjyment.If yu're lucky,yu'll be able t incrprate sme f that jy and passin int yur daily rutine.But that definitely desn't mean that yur entire career will be a walk in the park.Adding in that pressure and the expectatin f payment is exactly what separates yur jb frm everything else.Unlike fun,wrk isn't always smething that yu want t d --- it's smething that yu need t d.And,chances are,when what yu lve turns int yur jb,yu might nt lve it as much anymre.
Pretty much every psitin cmes alng with at least à few demanding tasks r respnsibilities that will simply never be enjyable.Maybe yu hate the quarterly bard meeting.Perhaps yu simply can't stand filling ut yur mnthly expense reprt.Whatever it is,there's undubtedly a certain aspect f yur daily rutine that makes yu say, "Ugh."
But remember that lving yur jb is a wnderful thing.Lving yur livelihd requires a great deal f effrt.It's pretty much human nature t enjy the things we're gd at.And in rder t be gd at yur psitin,yu need t put in sme elbw grease.Oftentimes,it's nt just the wrk that we lve.It's the reward and satisfactin we get after ding it well.And we all knw that getting things dne well invlves exerting urselves.It's a never-ending cycle.
22.Why des the authr mentin the childhd dream in Paragraph 2? ______
A. T stress the imprtance f interests.
B. T remind the gd times f childhd.
C. T make a cmparisn with a realistic career.
D. T encurage peple t stick t riginal dreams.
23.What des the authr mainly talk abut in Paragraph 4? ______
A. Peple's daily rutine f wrk.B. Sme rules f the wrkplace.
C. Tasks fr different psitins.D. The annying part f wrk.
24.What des the underlined part "elbw grease" in Paragraph 5 prbably mean? ______
A. Hard wrk.B. Rich rewards.
C. Persnal interests.D. Gd experiences.
25.What is the text mainly abut? ______
A. The truth abut wrk.B. The dangers f wrk.
C. The necessity f wrk.D. The difficulty f wrk.
三、完形填空:本大题共20小题,共20分。
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
While a lt f undergraduates live with lud rmmates,24-year-ld Niklai shares his hme with ver 600 nisy animals.It is n (1) ______ he is cntinuusly getting interrupted.
Twenty years ag his parents bught a z in Denmark and started the first z and rescue centre fr animals.Tw years ag his dad unfrtunately (2) ______ cancer and he was ut n his wn as a game develper.S he (3) ______ came hme again t his mther t (4) ______ , the z and attend t the 600 animals.
Owning a z is busy wrk with Niklai taking n many (5) ______ .feeding,cleaning and playing with the animals.600 animals may sund like (6) ______ but Niklai actually wants the z t (7) ______ .He hpes t (8) ______ his parents' gal and make it the greatest rescue.centre fr(9) ______ animals in all f Eurpe.
"As it is a rescue z,everything (10) ______ a little bit differently than it did in the(11) ______ zs.Because in general zs,it usually has (12) ______ animals.We feel a need and a(n)(13) ______ t help where we can.Thus,we (14) ______ the z int a rescue z instead," Niklai nce said.And that means taking in animals that has been treated (15) ______ r has been in labratries.And sme f ur animals may have sme scars and sme ,(16) ______ that we have t deal with r treat.
Having t supprt his mther and the z,Niklai has cme up with a(17) ______ way t cllect extra mney:a mbile app game abut the z.The game's (18) ______ will g t varius charities.Niklai believes the mney (19) ______ will surely help realize his family's (20) ______ f making their rescue centre the biggest.
26.A. dubtB. wnderC. pleasureD. use
27.A. came acrssB. appealed tC. died fD. went thrugh
28.A. latelyB. ccasinallyC. cnstantlyD. instantly
29.A. guardB. manageC. decrateD. cnstruct
30.A. eventsB. prjectsC. jbsD. perfrmances
31.A. richnessB. plentyC. maximumD. majrity
32.A. rtB. grwC. lastD. survive
33.A. achieveB. assumeC. estimateD. establish
34.A. rareB. niceC. livingD. extinct
35.A. reflectsB. fcusesC. respndsD. functins
36.A. traditinalB. histricalC. ryalD. frmal
37.A. pricelessB. frtunateC. expensiveD. perfect
38.A. cmmandB. affectinC. respnsibilityD. schedule
39.A. intrducedB. registeredC. directedD. transfrmed
40.A. cruellyB. carefullyC. aimlesslyD. sincerely
41.A. resultsB. effectsC. marksD. diseases
42.A. creativeB. cmplexC. cmmnD. universal
43.A. fundsB. scresC. prfitsD. allwances
44.A. sparedB. raisedC. savedD. charged
45.A. plicyB. suggestinC. dreamD. predictin
四、阅读表达:本大题共1小题,共10分。
46.Tina Levertn was 62 when she bught her first pair f ballet shes.She said putting her feet int the sft leather was very emtinal.She said:"I've waited a lng time fr it."
A few days later,Levertn tk her first ballet class after seeing an advertisement in a newspaper.It shwed lder wmen dancing in a class near Levertn's huse. "As I came in the dr,I fund a big smile n my face.Frm the minute I started,I felt like cming hme."
Levertn had lnged t dance as a child.Sadly,her parents culdn't affrd ballet classes,fr they were first-generatin Indian immigrants,struggling t make a living in the UK.Her father was a train driver n the undergrund in Lndn and her mther held tw cleaning jbs.Nnetheless,she harbured her dream f being a ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员).
At her present age,a grand plie-lwering(俯卧撑) t the flr with bent knees-seemed t be ut f the questin.It tk her three mnths t master the mve:leaping and landing n ne ft."I lve the struggle and the challenge f learning smething new.Peple in their 60s have a lt f self-limiting beliefs: ' I can't d it,''I'm nt gd enugh.'And maybe they're nt gd enugh.But it desn't matter,"she said.
Ballet has been transfrmative.At a medical appintment a few mnths after Levertn's first class,a nurse measured her at 163cm,half an inch taller than she had thught.She attributes (归因) the difference t imprved psture.Her muscle tne has imprved and her lwer back pain has stpped.Dancing has als brught new friends.She met a grup f lder,mre independent wmen and wrked tgether twards a team award with the Ryal Academy f Dance.And then,f curse,there is the jyful feeling. "Ballet is all the therapy (治疗) I'll ever need," said Levertn.
(1) Hw did Levertn feel after taking her dance lessn?(n mre than 1 wrd) ______
(2) What's the main idea f the third paragraph?(n mre than 12 wrds) ______
(3) What des the underlined wrd mean in paragraph 3?(n mre than 8 wrds) ______
(4) What did dancing bring t Levertn?(n mre than 10 wrds) ______
(5) What can yu learn frm Levertn's stry?And yur reasn.(n mre than 25 wrds) ______
五、书面表达:本大题共1小题,共15分。
47.假设你是晨光中学的李津,每年的8月12日是世界大象日,最近你的英国好友 Chris 给你发来邮件,询问你有关保护大象的建议。请你给他写一封回信,内容包括:
(1)写信的目的;
(1)提出建议(不少于3点);
(2)愿意提供更多帮助。
注意:
(1)词数不少于 100;
(2)可适当加入细节,使内容充实、行文连贯。
参考词汇:象牙 ivry
Dear Chris,
_______
答案和解析
1.【答案】B
【解析】答案B.
A项"你在开玩笑";C项"我不这么认为";D项"听起来真有趣";B项"确实是的";根据"I never g traveling withut a bk"可知,说话者每次旅行都会带上书(以消磨时间),说明是对上句"Reading is the best way t pass time n the train"的认同,因此B项符合语境,
故选:B.
句意:---阅读是在火车上度过时间的最好方式.
---确实是的,我从来不会不带书去旅行.
本题考查情景交际.解答此类题目首先应该读懂句意,分析上下文语境和逻辑关系.其次对每个选项中的交际用语的适用情况要掌握,根据语境锁定正确答案.关键平时学习中要对交际用语多积累多总结反复记忆.
2.【答案】C
【解析】答案:C
本题第一个空是定语从句,先行词是the teachers,谓语动词应该和先行词一致,所以用复数are.第二个空是该句的谓语,因为在as well as,alng with,tgether with等并列两个主语时,谓语要与它前面的名词或代词一致,即:"就远一致".该句主语是Every by and every girl,谓语用单数.故选C项.
句意:--琳达,我们班主任刚才说了什么?--要求每一个男生和女生还有将要带队的老师们早晨6:30在学校门口集合.
考查主谓一致.做此类题要记住主谓一致的一些规则.如:定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词保持一致;在as well as,alng with,tgether with等并列两个主语时,谓语要与它前面的名词或代词一致.
3.【答案】B
【解析】A.agree t同意;B.bank n指望;依靠;C.take in理解;欺骗;D.cpe with对付;处理。根据"He is s busy."可知,托尼很忙,不要指望他会帮忙。
故选:B。
——我想托尼会帮我们的。——别指望它。他太忙了。
考查动词短语辨析,弄清楚各个选项的含义并区别各个动词短语之间的差异,然后结合语境选择正确答案。
4.【答案】B
【解析】答案B.
"--ne can be entirely free frm dust"是做系动词is的表语,所以该部分是表语从句.分析表语从句的句子成分可知:从句中的主语是ne,can be是复合谓语,free frm dust是形容词短语做表语,句子是"主系表"结构,那么可首先排除连接代词what.连词whether引导表语从句时虽然不做成分,但是有意义,意思是"是否";连接副词why引导表语从句时,不仅在句中作状语,而且还有意义,意思是"为什么".that引导表语从句时,只起引导作用,没有任何意义,但是不能省略.联系句子所表达的意思可知横线处不缺意义,故用连词that来引导表语从句.故答案选B.
雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到沙尘的困扰.
本题考查表语从句,要掌握表语的用法和学会句子成分的分析.
5.【答案】D
【解析】分析句子可知,空处为主句的谓语,结合句中"and tld them"可知,空处动词的时态和and后的tld并列,所以空处用一般过去时。D项正确。
故选:D。
当我开始攻读博士学位,意识到自己需要经济帮助时,我去了学生咨询办公室,告诉他们我是一名护工。
解答此类问题要了解各种时态的基本含义,并区别各种时态之间的差异,了解某些时态的特殊用法,然后结合语境选择正确答案。
6.【答案】A
【解析】A.bjectives目标;B.ccupatin职业;C.capacity能力;D.reputatin名声。根据句意"你必须为自己设定现实的目标,这样你才能长期跟踪自己的成长。"空处意思应该是"目标",A项正确。
故选:A。
你必须为自己设定现实的目标,这样你才能长期跟踪自己的成长。
考查名词的词义辨析,弄清楚各个名词的词义,准确地翻译句子及备选答案,然后选择最符合题意的选项。
7.【答案】D
【解析】A.particularly特别,尤其;B.rarely很少;C.urgently迫切地;D.ptentially潜在地。根据"Peple with lwer back pain shuld cnsult a physicians skilled in herbal medicines befre taking medicine"和常识可知,药物有潜在的副作用。
故选:D。
由于潜在的严重副作用,腰痛患者在服药前应咨询精通草药的医生。
考查副词词义辨析,弄清楚各个副词的含义并区别各个副词之间的差异,了解某些副词的特殊用法,然后结合语境选择正确答案。
8.【答案】A
【解析】A.rejected拒绝;B.evaluated评估;C.plished 擦亮;磨光;D.bsted提高。根据as t expensive可知,老板因为成本太高而拒绝了建议。
故选:A。
——你的旧轮胎再利用试验进行得怎么样了?——老板以成本太高为由拒绝了我的建议。
考查动词词义辨析。弄清楚各个动词的含义并区别各个动词之间的差异,了解某些动词的特殊用法,然后结合语境选择正确答案。
9.【答案】B
【解析】题干是以对话形式出现的,第一个人给出语境"We'll g camping this weekend."第二个人提出了建议。在提出的建议中有两个句子,前一个句子是建议,后一个句子It culd save yur life.(它可以救你的命)用来说明原因。在建议的句子中,逗号后面take a first aid kit with yu.是句子主干,逗号前面是状语,选项A.Hwever无论如何;B.Wherever无论去哪里;C.In case万一;D.Unless除非。根据题意,wherever最合适。
故选:B。
——这个周末我们要去野营。
——在野外无论你走到哪里,都要带上急救箱,它能救命。
首先分析题干,弄清楚题干想要表达的意思,然后找出句子主干,分析空格部分在题干中的功能,从题干中寻找关键信息,根据关键信息确定准确答案。
10.【答案】B
【解析】分析句子结构可知,该空处为"with+宾语+宾语补足语"结构,range 意思是"从……到……范围",与宾语bjects之间为主动关系,应用现在分词,作宾语补足语。
故选:B。
从小怀表到一米多高的钟表,每件文物都需要独特的修复方法。
分析句子结构,确定非谓语动词形式,在充分理解句意的基础上,掌握非谓语动词与对应词之间的关系,结合语境做出正确选择。
11~13.【答案】B、C、D
【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据Bledse Creek State Park部分Enlarged pages frm children's bks a replaced alng the trail s that children can read rand explre. (儿童读物的放大页沿着小径被替换,让孩子们可以阅读和探索。)和400 Zieglers Frt Rad,Gallatin,615-452-3706(加勒廷齐格勒堡路400号,615-452-3706)可知,布莱德索溪州立公园里有一条路线可以供孩子们阅读和探索,它的地址是加勒廷齐格勒堡路400号。故选B。
(2)推理判断题。根据Radnr Lake State Park部分Radnr Lake State Park is famus fr its beautiful natural scenery thrughut the year.It is the peak seasn when the maple leaves turn red and the weather cls dwn a little. (拉德诺湖州立公园以其全年美丽的自然风光而闻名。当枫叶变红,天气变凉的时候是旺季。)可推断,秋季是拉德诺湖州立公园游客最多的时候。故选C。
(3)细节理解题。根据 Warner Park Nature Center部分Hwever,yu are nt allwed t take baby carriages in the park.Parents have t rent them at the visitr center. (但是,你不允许在公园里乘坐婴儿车。家长必须在游客中心租用。)可知,华纳公园自然中心的缺点在于婴儿车是收费的。故选D。
本文是一篇应用文。文章推荐了四条适合家长带孩子远足的路线。
1.直接信息题:直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息,选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2.间接信息题:间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息,但在语言表达上与原文有差异,做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3.综合信息题:综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话,可能是原文的几句话,或者是散落在文章不同的地方,要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析,而不能断章取义。
14~17.【答案】D、A、B、B
【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据第一段In 2019,DiMe fell asleep at the wheel after wrking a night shift as a prduct tester fr a drug cmpany.The car hit a ple flipped ver,and burst int flames.(2019年,DiMe在一家制药公司担任产品测试员,上完夜班后在开车时睡着了。汽车撞上了电线杆,翻了过来,然后起火了)以及第二段Afterward,he underwent 20 surgeries and many skin grafts t treat his third-degree burns.(之后,他接受了20次手术和多次皮肤移植来治疗他的三度烧伤)可知,DiMe需要手术是因为他在车祸中被烧伤了。故选D。
(2)细节理解题。根据第二段Once it became clear that traditinal surgeries culdn't help him regain full visin r use f his hands,DiMe's medical team began preparing fr the risky transplant.Almst immediately,the team encuntered challenges including finding a dnr.(一旦意识到传统手术无法帮助他恢复完全的视力或双手的使用,DiMe的医疗团队就开始为危险的移植手术做准备。几乎立即,团队就遇到了包括寻找捐赠者在内的挑战)可知,医疗队遇到的困难是缺乏捐助者。A.Lack f dnrs.缺乏捐赠者;B.Repeated surgeries.反复手术;C.Serius cmplicatins.严重的并发症;D.N previus practice t fllw.没有先例可循。故选A。
(3)推理判断题。根据第三段But the face and duble hand transplant is extremely rare and had nly been tried twice befre.The first attempt was in 2009 n a patient in Paris wh died abut a mnth later frm cmplicatins.Tw years later,Bstn dctrs tried it again n a wman,but had t remve the transplanted hands days later.(但面部和双手移植手术极为罕见,此前只进行过两次。第一次尝试是2009年在巴黎对一名患者进行的,该患者在大约一个月后死于并发症。两年后,波士顿的医生在一名女性身上再次进行了试验,但几天后不得不移除移植的双手)可推知,作者在第3段提到这两个手术是为了解释这类手术的危险。故选B。
(4)推理判断题。根据最后一段Still,the dctr was amazed t see that DiMe was able t master skills like zipping up his jacket and putting n his shes. "It's very pleasing and satisfying t all f us." (尽管如此,医生还是惊讶地发现,DiMe能够掌握拉上夹克拉链和穿鞋等技能。"这对我们所有人来说都是非常愉快和满意的。")推知,DiMe的进步让医生们感到自豪。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了22岁的新泽西居民乔•迪梅奥去年8月进行了一次罕见的面部和手部移植手术。
一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
二、看题干,带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。
18~21.【答案】A、A、C、B
【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据第一段ChatGPT is an artificial-intelligence chatbt develped by San Francisc-based AI research cmpany Open AI.Released in Nvember 2022,it can have cnversatins n tpics frm histry t philsphy,generate lyrics in the style f Taylr Swift r Billy Jel,and suggest edits fr cmputer prgramming cde.( ChatGPT是由总部位于旧金山的人工智能研究公司Open AI开发的人工智能聊天机器人。它于2022年11月发布,可以就从历史到哲学的话题进行对话,以泰勒•斯威夫特或比利•乔尔的风格创作歌词,并为计算机编程代码提供编辑建议)可推知,作者在第一段提到"泰勒•斯威夫特"是为了引出一个话题。故选A。
(2)细节理解题。根据第四段Open AI develped ChatGPT as part f a strategy t build AI sftware that will help the cmpany turn a prfit.(Open AI开发ChatGPT是其开发人工智能软件战略的一部分,该软件将帮助该公司实现盈利)可知,盈利促使Open AI开发ChatGPT。故选A。
(3)段落大意题。根据最后一段Sme artists have als said that AI image generatrs cpy their artwrk and threaten their livelihds,while sftware engineers have said that cde generatrs rip large amunts f their cde.(一些艺术家还表示,人工智能图像生成器复制了他们的作品,威胁到了他们的生计,而软件工程师则表示,代码生成器窃取了他们的大量代码)可知,最后一段的主旨是许多人反对使用人工智能。所以"C.Many peple bject t the use f AI.许多人反对使用人工智能。"正确。故选C。
(4)文章出处题。根据第一段ChatGPT is an artificial-intelligence chatbt develped by San Francisc-based AI research cmpany Open AI.Released in Nvember 2022,it can have cnversatins n tpics frm histry t philsphy,generate lyrics in the style f Taylr Swift r Billy Jel,and suggest edits fr cmputer prgramming cde.( ChatGPT是由总部位于旧金山的人工智能研究公司Open AI开发的人工智能聊天机器人。它于2022年11月发布,可以就从历史到哲学的话题进行对话,以泰勒•斯威夫特或比利•乔尔的风格创作歌词,并为计算机编程代码提供编辑建议)结合文章主要介绍了人工智能ChatGPT的开发以及特点。可推知,文章选自"技术"部分。A.Envirnment.环境;B.Technlgy.技术;C.Lifestyle.生活方式;D.Histry.历史。故选B。
短文主要介绍了由Open AI开发的人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT。该机器人可以在各种主题上进行对话,生成泰勒•斯威夫特或比利•乔尔风格的歌词,并为计算机编程代码提供编辑建议。它通过从互联网收集的大量文章、网站和社交媒体帖子以及与Open AI雇佣的人类进行的实时对话进行训练,学习模仿写作的语法和结构,并反映常用短语。然而,该机器人并不总是准确的,因为它的信息来源没有经过事实核查,并且它依赖于人类的反馈来提高准确性。Open AI开发ChatGPT是为了实现盈利的战略的一部分,微软也计划将ChatGPT整合到其Bing搜索应用程序和其他产品中。一些媒体公司和学校也开始利用ChatGPT生成内容,但也有一些人对AI生成的内容进行了质疑,并表示担心其对原创作品和代码的威胁。
1.直接信息题:直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息,选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2.间接信息题:间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息,但在语言表达上与原文有差异,做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3.综合信息题:综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话,可能是原文的几句话,或者是散落在文章不同的地方,要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析,而不能断章取义。
22~25.【答案】C、D、A、A
【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据文章第二段Having passins and interests is encuraged.But finding what yu lve is nly half the equatin.Yu need t be able t make a living ding it.Real-life pressures require us t pursue avenues that are able t prvide us with a decent and cmfrtable standard f living.(鼓励有激情和兴趣。但是找到你喜欢的东西只是这个等式的一半。你需要能够以此谋生。现实生活的压力要求我们追求能够为我们提供体面和舒适生活水平的途径。)可知,文章第二段提到童年的梦想是为了把梦想和现实中的工作进行比较。现实生活的压力要求我们追求能够为我们提供体面和舒适生活水平的途径。故选C。
(2)段落大意题。根据文章第四段Pretty much every psitin cmes alng with at least a few demanding tasks r respnsibilities that will simply never be enjyable.Maybe yu hate the quarterly bard meeting.Perhaps yu simply can't stand filling ut yur mnthly expense reprt.(几乎每个职位都至少有一些艰巨的任务或责任,这些任务或责任永远不会让人愉快。也许你讨厌季度董事会。也许你只是无法忍受填写每月的费用报表。)可知,第四段主要讲述的是工作中令人不喜欢的部分。故选D。
(3)词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文Lving yur livelihd requires a great deal f effrt.It's pretty much human nature t enjy the things we're gd at.(热爱你的生活需要付出很大的努力。享受我们擅长的事情是人类的本性。)可知,如果想要表现好,我们需要付出的是努力。选项A"Hard wrk.(努力工作);选项B"Rich rewards.(丰厚的报酬)";选项C"Persnal interests.(个人兴趣)";选项D"Gd experiences.(良好的经历)"。故选A。
(4)主旨大意题。根据文章第一段D what yu lve,and yu'll never wrk anther day in yur life.We've heard that pinin cuntless times.But des it even ring true?In fact,I think it's perfectly nrmal t lve yur jb and simultaneusly(同时发生的)recgnize the fact that it's hard wrk.(做你喜欢做的事,你这辈子就不用再工作了。这种观点我们已经听过无数次了。但这听起来是真的吗?事实上,我认为既热爱自己的工作,同时又意识到这份工作很辛苦,这是很正常的。)以及最后一段But remember that lving yur jb is a wnderful thing.Lving yur livelihd requires a great deal f effrt.It's pretty much human nature t enjy the things we're gd at.(但请记住,热爱你的工作是一件美妙的事情。热爱你的生活需要付出很大的努力。享受我们擅长的事情是人类的本性),再结合全文内容可知,文章主要介绍了关于工作的一些事实真相。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。短文主要讲述了以下几点:首先,爱你的工作并不意味着你不会感到辛苦和压力。有时候你可能会感到紧张、不堪重负甚至疲惫,但这并不意味着你选择了错误的职业。其次,找到自己喜欢的事情只是解决问题的一半,你还需要能够通过它谋生。现实生活中的压力要求我们选择能够提供体面和舒适生活水平的途径。第三,工作和娱乐是两个完全不同的概念。工作需要付出努力来支付账单和生活费用,而娱乐则是关于乐趣和享受。即使你能够将一些乐趣和热情融入日常生活,但这并不意味着整个职业生涯都会轻松愉快。最后,每个职位都会有一些让人不愉快的任务或责任,但爱你的工作是一件美好的事情,它需要付出很多努力。我们通常喜欢自己擅长的事情,而要擅长自己的职位,就需要付出努力。完成得好的满足感是我们喜欢的一部分,而这需要我们不断努力。
1.直接信息题:直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息,选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2.间接信息题:间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息,但在语言表达上与原文有差异,做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3.综合信息题:综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话,可能是原文的几句话,或者是散落在文章不同的地方,要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析,而不能断章取义。
26~45.【答案】B、C、D、B、C、B、B、A、A、D、A、D、C、D、A、D、A、C、B、C
【解析】(1)考查名词及语境理解。A.dubt怀疑;B.wnder奇怪;C.pleasure愉快;D.use使用。句意:难怪他总是被打断。根据上文"24-year-ld Niklai shares his hme with ver 600 nisy animals."和"he is cntinuusly getting interrupted."可知,他总是被打扰一点也不奇怪。故选B。
(2)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.came acrss偶遇;B.appealed t呼吁;C.died f死于;D.went thrugh经历。句意:两年前,他的父亲不幸死于癌症,而他则独自成为了一名游戏开发者。根据上文"unfrtunately"可知,尼古拉的父亲不幸因癌症去世。故选C。
(3)考查副词及语境理解。A.lately最近;B.ccasinally偶尔地;C.cnstantly不断地;D.instantly立即地。句意:于是,他立刻回到了母亲身边,管理动物园,照顾600只动物。根据上文"Tw years ag his dad unfrtunately(2)cancer and he was ut n his wn as a game develper."可知,他立即搬回家,帮母亲打理动物园。故选D。
(4)考查动词及语境理解。A.guard看守;B.manage管理;C.decrate装饰;D.cnstruct建造。句意:于是,他立刻回到了母亲身边,管理动物园,照顾600只动物。根据下文"the z and attend t the 600 animals."可知,尼古拉立即回家,帮助母亲管理动物园。故选B。
(5)考查名词及语境理解。A.events事件;B.prjects项目;C.jbs工作;D.perfrmances表现。句意:拥有一家动物园是一项繁忙的工作,尼古拉承担了许多工作:喂养,清洁和与动物玩耍。根据下文"feeding,cleaning and playing with the animals."可知,经营动物园是一份繁忙的工作。故选C。
(6)考查名词及语境理解。A.richness富裕;B.plenty丰富,许多;C.maximum最大量;D.majrity大多数。句意:600只动物可能听起来很多,但尼古拉实际上希望动物园能够发展壮大。根据上文"600 animals may sund like"可知,600只动物可能听起来已经够多了。故选B。
(7)考查动词及语境理解。A.rt生根;B.grw生长,扩大;C.last持续;D.survive幸存。句意:600只动物可能听起来很多,但尼古拉实际上希望动物园能够发展壮大。根据下文"He hpes t(8)his parents' gal and make it the greatest rescue centre fr (9)animals in all f Eurpe."可知,尼古拉希望动物园能更大一些。故选B。
(8)考查动词及语境理解。A.achieve获得,实现;B.assume假想;C.estimate估计;D.establish建立。句意:他希望能实现父母的目标,让这里成为全欧洲最大的珍稀动物救助中心。根据下文"his parents' gal"可知,尼古拉希望实现父母的目标。故选A。
(9)考查形容词及语境理解。A.rare罕见的;B.nice好的;C.living活着的;D.extinct灭绝的。句意:他希望能实现父母的目标,让这里成为全欧洲最大的珍稀动物救助中心。根据下文"animals in all f Eurpe."可知,尼古拉希望建立全欧洲最大的珍稀动物救助中心。故选A。
(10)考查动词及语境理解。A.reflects反映;B.fcuses集中;C.respnds回复;D.functins运转,起作用。句意:由于这是一个救援动物园,所有的功能都与传统动物园有所不同。根据下文"a little bit differently than it did in the(11)zs."可知,动物救援中心的一切运转方式都和传统动物园有所不同。故选D。
(11)考查形容词及语境理解。A.traditinal传统的;B.histrical历史的;C.ryal皇家的;D.frmal正式的。句意:由于这是一个救援动物园,所有的功能都与传统动物园有所不同。根据下文"Because in general zs,"可知,此处表示动物救援中心与传统动物园有所不同。故选A。
(12)考查形容词及语境理解。A.priceless无价的;B.frtunate幸运地;C.expensive昂贵的;D.perfect完美的。句意:因为在一般的动物园里,动物一般相对比较完好。根据上文"Because in general zs,"可知,在一般的动物园里,动物一般相对比较完好。故选D。
(13)考查名词及语境理解。A.cmmand命令;B.affectin影响;C.respnsibility责任;D.schedule日程。句意:我们感到有必要也有责任尽我们所能提供帮助。根据下文"t help where we can."可知,此处指尼古拉认为他们有必要和有责任在力所能及的地方提供帮助。故选C。
(14)考查动词及语境理解。A.intrduced介绍;B.registered登记;C.directed指示;D.transfrmed改变,变成。句意:因此,我们把动物园变成了一个救援动物园。根据下文"the z int a rescue z instead,"可知,尼古拉把普通动物园变成了一个救援性的动物园。故选D。
(15)考查副词及语境理解。A.cruelly残酷地;B.carefully仔细地;C.aimlessly漫无目的地;D.sincerely真诚地。句意:这意味着要收养那些被残酷对待或在实验室里待过的动物。根据下文"r has been in labratries."可知,一项收养的动物被虐待过,即被残忍地对待过。故选A。
(16)考查名词及语境理解。A.results结果;B.effects影响;C.marks分数;D.diseases疾病。句意:我们的一些动物可能会有一些疤痕和一些疾病,我们必须处理或治疗。根据下文"that we have t deal with r treat."可知,一些动物可能有他们必须处理或治疗的一些伤疤和疾病。故选D。
(17)考查形容词及语境理解。A.creative有创造力的;B.cmplex复杂的;C.cmmn共同的;D.universal普遍的。句意:为了养活母亲和动物园,尼古拉想出了一个创造性的办法来赚外快:一款关于动物园的手机应用游戏。根据下文"a mbile app game abut the z."可知,尼古拉想出了一个用创建app来筹钱,一个有创意的方法。故选A。
(18)考查名词及语境理解。A.funds基金;B.scres分数;C.prfits利润;D.allwances津贴。句意:游戏的收益将捐给各种慈善机构。根据上文"t cllect extra mney"和常识可知,此处指的是游戏的利润。故选C。
(19)考查动词及语境理解。A.spared抽出;B.raised提高,筹集;C.saved拯救;D.charged要价。句意:尼古拉相信,筹集到的钱一定会帮助他的家人实现把他们的救援中心变成最大的救援中心的梦想。根据上文"Niklai has cme up with a(17)way t cllect extra mney:a mbile app game abut the z."可知,此处是指筹到的钱。故选B。
(20)考查名词及语境理解。A.plicy政策;B.suggestin建议;C.dream梦想;D.predictin预测。句意:尼古拉相信,筹集到的钱一定会帮助他的家人实现把他们的救援中心变成最大的救援中心的梦想。根据下文"f making their rescue centre the biggest."可知,尼古拉相信筹集到的资金能帮助他的家人实现梦想,使他们的动物园成为欧洲最大的动物救援中心。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了尼古拉和他的母亲经营一家收容所,照顾600多动物。为了增加收入,Niklai设计了一款关于收容所的手机游戏。他的目标是让收容所成为欧洲最大的稀有动物救援中心。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化,试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽,综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文,了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格,所以,必须先通读一至两遍,才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句,做一句。其次要逐句分析,前后一致。选择答案时,要考虑整个句子的内容,包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后,再通读一遍文章,检查是否通顺流畅,用词得当,意思正确。
46.【答案】【小题1】Delighted/Glad
【小题2】Why Levertn didn't learn dancing when she was yung.
【小题3】Keep/Bear sth.in mind
【小题4】Health,friend and happiness
【小题5】The stry tells me that we shuld have ur wn dreams because we never knw when we will achieve them
【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第二段"As I came in the dr,I fund a big smile n my face.Frm the minute I started,I felt like cming hme."("当我进门时,我发现我脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。从我开始的那一刻起,就像回到了家。")可知,Levertn上完舞蹈课后感觉开心。故答案为Delighted/Glad.
(2)段落大意题。根据第三段"Levertn had lnged t dance as a child.Sadly,her parents culdn't affrd ballet classes,fr they were first-generatin Indian immigrants,struggling t make a living in the UK.Her father was a train driver n the undergrund in Lndn and her mther held tw cleaning jbs.Nnetheless,she harbured her dream f being a ballerina(芭蕾舞女演员).(Levertn从小就渴望跳舞。遗憾的是,她的父母没钱上芭蕾舞课,因为他们是第一代印度移民,在英国努力谋生。她的父亲是伦敦地铁的一名火车司机,母亲做过两份清洁工作。尽管如此,她仍怀揣着成为芭蕾舞演员的梦想)"可知,第三段主要介绍了Levertn小时候没能学跳舞的原因。故答案为Why Levertn didn't learn dancing when she was yung.
(3)词句猜测题。根据划线词上文"Levertn had lnged t dance as a child.Sadly,her parents culdn't affrd ballet classes"可知,Levertn从小就渴望跳舞。遗憾的是,她的父母没钱上芭蕾舞课,以及Nnetheless表示"尽管如此",说明虽然没钱去上芭蕾舞蹈,但Levertn仍然牢记自己成为芭蕾舞演员的梦想。故划线词意思是"牢记"。故答案为Keep/Bear sth.in mind.
(4)细节理解题。根据最后一段"Ballet has been transfrmative.At a medical appintment a few mnths after Levertn' s first class,a nurse measured her at 163cm,half an inch taller than she had thught.She attributes (归因) the difference t imprved psture.Her muscle tne has imprved and her lwer back pain has stpped.Dancing has als brught new friends.She met a grup f lder,mre independent wmen and wrked tgether twards a team award with the Ryal Academy f Dance.And then,f curse,there is the jyful feeling.(芭蕾舞具有变革性。在Levertn上完第一堂课几个月后的一次医疗预约中,一位护士给她测量了163厘米的身高,比她想象的要高半英寸。她将这种差异归因于姿势的改善。她的肌肉张力改善了,腰痛也停止了。跳舞也带来了新朋友。她遇到了一群年纪更大、更独立的女性,并一起努力获得皇家舞蹈学院的团队奖。当然,还有一种快乐的感觉)"可知,舞蹈给莱弗顿带来了健康、朋友和快乐。故答案为Health,friend and happiness.
(5)开放题目题。根据"你能从莱弗顿的故事中学到什么?还有你的理由"可回答:这个故事告诉我,我们应该有自己的梦想,因为我们永远不知道什么时候我们会实现它们。故答案为The stry tells me that we shuld have ur wn dreams because we never knw when we will achieve them.
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Tina Levertn从小喜欢舞蹈,但是因为家庭经济条件无法去上舞蹈课,于是在她62岁时终于实现了自己的梦想。
阅读表达,要求学生在阅读理解的基础上,根据短文后的题目,在文中找到相关的内容,并用简洁、准确的句子,将理解的内容,书面表达出来。做题时,注意表达的内容不要超出规定的字数。
47.【答案】Dear Chris,
I am glad t receive yur email asking fr my suggestins n prtecting elephants.Here are three pints I suggest t raise awareness f the imprtance f elephant prtectin.【高分句型一】(写信的目的)
Firstly,we can rganize campaigns n scial media t alert the public n the plight f elephants.By sharing articles and phts n these campaigns,we can reach ut t mre peple and encurage them t take actin.Secndly,we can cllabrate with lcal schls and cmmunity grups t rganize events such as lectures,where we can spread the message f elephant prtectin.【高分句型二】Finally,we can als raise funds t supprt rganizatins dedicated t elephant prtectin.By dnating r fundraising,we can help these rganizatins take effective measures t prtect elephants.(提出建议)
I am willing t prvide further assistance n this issue,and I wuld be happy t discuss it with yu further.(愿意提供更多帮助)
Yurs, Li Jin
【解析】高分句型一:Here are three pints I suggest t raise awareness f the imprtance f elephant prtectin.
译文:以下是我建议的三点,以提高人们对大象保护重要性的认识。
分析:这句话使用了I suggest作为定语从句修饰three pints。
高分句型二:Secndly,we can cllabrate with lcal schls and cmmunity grups t rganize events such as lectures,where we can spread the message f elephant prtectin.
译文:其次,我们可以与当地学校和社区团体合作,组织讲座等活动,在那里我们可以传播保护大象的信息。
分析:这句话使用了where引导的非限制性定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文,需要写的内容已经给出,但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译,而是要添加些内容,使文章看起来更充实,要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文,一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题,给出的要点都需要包括,缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系,不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式,同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数,不要太多也不要太少。Bledse Creek State Park
The Shreline Trail (小路) is the easiest fr yur walking with yur kids.It is 2.1 miles in natural envirnments.Dn't verlk the Reading Ranger Stry Trail,which is a half-mile paved lp (环路) accessed frm the visitr center.Enlarged pages frm children's bks are placed alng the trail s that children can read - and explre.
400 Zieglers Frt Rad,Gallatin,615-452-3706
Beaman Park Nature Center
The Henry Hllw Lp can be fllwed slwly r at a fast pace.Part f the lp runs alng Henry Creek.Trails here are designed t suit peple having different interests,s yu can decide what yu want t d with yur kids.And they are pet-friendly,t.
5911 Old Hickry Blvd,Nashville,615-862-8580
Radnr Lake State Park
Radnr Lake State Park is famus fr its beautiful natural scenery thrughut the year.It is the peak seasn when the maple leaves turn red and the weather cls dwn a little.There is the wnderful Radnr Lake Trail,partly paved,partly wded.Fllwing this trail,kids will lve seeing turtles sun ning themselves n lake branches.Als,parents can get access t free baby carriages at the gate f the park.
1160 Otter Creek Rad,Nashville,615-373-3467
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