2022-2023学年四川省自贡市高二(下)期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)
展开一、阅读理解:本大题共15小题,共30分。
A
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Asia has sme f the mst suitable places in the wrld t retire.Retirement in Asia is sure t be full f extic(非本地的) experiences and unexpected adventures.
Gerge Twn,Malaysia
Gerge Twn is ne f Sutheast Asia's mst livable destinatins.Life here is bth traditinal and 21st century,and the city is extic and cmfrtable.Lw csts are a big part f the appeal.Delicius and inexpensive fd is served everywhere,and there are at least a dzen museums and ther venues fr enjying high culture.
Bali,Indnesia
Bali enjys a well-deserved reputatin as ne f the mst beautiful trpical islands in the wrld.The cean,never far away,ffers wrld class diving,surfing,parasailing and ther water sprts.On the sutheast side f Bali is the small twn f Sanur.Quiet and laid-back,Sanur feels far remved frm the crwds f turists wh flck t Bali fr vacatins and hneymns.
Da Nang,Vietnam
One f Vietnam's biggest cities with a ppulatin f ver 1 millin,Da Nang manages t be frward-thinking and prvincial at the same time.The rads and architecture are mdern,but mst f the businesses are still family run,with almst n big internatinal brand names,fast fd jints r cffee shp chains t be fund.
Chiang Mai,Thailand
Since the 1800s,Chiang Mai has been attracting turists frm the west with great weather,rich histry and distinct culture.The biggest advantage f retirement in Chiang Mai is the lw cst f living and affrdable health care.The biggest dwnside can be air pllutin during the annual burning seasn,mid-February thrugh mid-April,when lcal farmers burn their fields.
1.Which place will attract visitrs wh want t d water sprts? ______
A. Gerge Twn.B. Bali.C. Da Nang.D. Chiang Mai.
2.What d Gerge Twn and Chiang Mai have in cmmn? ______
A. They are cst-friendly areas t turists.
B. They have excellent health-care systems.
C. They are livable and pllutin-free cities.
D. They ffer delicius and inexpensive fd.
3.Where is the text prbably frm? ______
A. A research paper.B. A histry bk.
C. A travel brchure.D. A gegraphy textbk.
B
An unpublished nvel by the late literary giant Gabriel Garcia Marquez will arrive n bkstre shelves next year.The nvel called En Agst Ns Vems——rughly translated frm Spanish as See Yu In August——will be published by Penguin Randm Huse.
The Clmbian authr behind One Hundred Years f Slitude and Lve in the Time f Chlera died in 2014,leaving behind an unfinished manuscript.At the time,Garcia Marquez's family hadn't decided whether t publish the nvel psthumusly.But nw his tw sns,Rdrig and Gnzal Garcia Barcha,have cncluded that the bk shuld be read by an eager public.
"En Agst Ns Vems was the fruit f a final effrt t cntinue creating against all dds," they said."Reading it nce again almst 10 years after his death,we discvered that the text had many and very enjyable merits and nthing t prevent us frm enjying the utstanding aspects f Gab's wrk:his capacity fr inventin,the petry f language,the captivating narrative,his understanding f the human being and his affectin fr his experiences and misfrtunes,but mst especially,the lve,pssibly the main theme f all his wrk," they added,using a cmmn nickname fr Garcia Marquez .
Accrding t the publishing industry trade publicatin The Bkseller,Viking will publish the nvel in hardback,e-bk and audi versins,and Penguin Randm Huse Spain will publish it in all Spanish-speaking cuntries except Mexic.
Viking editrial directr Isabel Wall tld the website it was "exceptinally privileged t be bringing this re-discvered masterpiece int the wrld" 10 years after Garcia Marquez's death.
4.What d we knw abut Gabriel Garcia Marquez? ______
A. He refused t publish his unfinished nvel.
B. He is highly influential in the literary circle.
C. He was nt satisfied with his unfinished wrk.
D. He becmes a husehld name due t See Yu In August.
5.What impresses the readers f En Agst Ns Vems mre deeply? ______
A. The cre theme.B. The unique language.
C. The writing style.D. The prfessinal ability.
6.What des the underlined wrd"privileged"in the last paragraph refer t? ______
A. Practical.B. Cncerned.C. Hnred.D. Prfitable.
7.What is the best title fr the text? ______
A. Garcia Marquez's representative wrk will cme ut next year
B. An unfinished nvel by Garcia Marquez will becme a hit sn
C. Readers call n the publicatin f Garcia Marquez's masterpiece
D. An unpublished nvel by Garcia Marquez is set fr release next year
C
Ask ChatGPT t write a five-paragraph essay n the symblism f "The Great Gatsby"and it will prduce a respnse within secnds.That's nt all.The ability f the artificial intelligence chatbt tl(聊天机器人) is vast.
ChatGPT is a "large language mdel," which means it's able t generate readable text n demand in a wide range f styles and fr a variety f purpses.It can fix spelling and grammar errrs,give feedback n writing,write pems and sngs,create lessn plans fr teachers and much mre.It can perfrm thse tasks with nticeably mre accuracy and cherence(连贯) than previus mdels.Plus,ChatGPT is designed t be user-friendly,and it's free.It quickly has the attentin f schl administratrs,teachers,parents and students,and its presence has gained mixed respnses.
Sme say they're excited abut its ptential t advance learning fr sme students and becme a valuable tl in educatin.Thse teachers are thinking abut ways t adapt their teaching t incrprate it in their lessns.Hwever,ne f the main cncerns that educatrs have is that students might explre ChatGPT's ptential use t cheat n assignments——using the app t prduce research papers and essays instead f ding the wrk City Public Schls annunced in early January 2023 that it was banning ChatGPT acrss all district devices and netwrks.Other big city districts like Seattle and Ls Angeles have als blcked access t the app,and mre may fllw in the future,which means t receive general recgnitin,ChatGPT has a lng way t g.
Edward Tian,a student at Princetn University,recently develped an app that he said "can quickly and efficiently detect whether an essay is ChatGPT r human written."This can partially free a certain number f peple frm wrries,wh advcate a cautius use f this tl.
8.Why is the example f"The Great Gatsby"mentined? ______
A. T intrduce the essay t readers.
B. T shw the quick respnse f ChatGPT.
C. T prve the pwer f artificial intelligence.
D. T demnstrate the cmpetence f ChatGPT.
9.What can be inferred abut ChatGPT frm the secnd paragraph? ______
A. It is multifunctinal and flexible.
B. It is well-received in the educatin field.
C. It prvides users with perfectly accurate feedback.
D. It is hard t use fr students with learning disabilities.
10.What can we say abut the future f ChatGPT? ______
A. It will hld a majr share in the market.
B. It will be widely applied in different fields.
C. It can speed up the develpment f the whle industry.
D. It needs further imprvement t cater fr different needs.
11.What is the authr's attitude t the use f ChatGPT in educatin? ______
A. Favrable.B. Unclear.C. Cautius.D. Indifferent.
D
The will t live mre sustainably is certainly grwing in the UK,even if many are still unsure abut hw t put that int actin.
Mst have becme well acquainted with recycling paper,cardbard,metal and glass,thanks in large part t cuncil-prvided recycling bins fr each husehld.But when it cmes t mre difficult t recycle items,many husehlds are all at sea.It is the case that the UK is rapidly becming ne f the wrst ffenders fr e-waste in the wrld.Althugh it takes a little mre cnscius waste management,there are ways that yu can recycle these mre tricky husehld items and reduce yur envirnmental impact.
E-waste like phnes and laptps cntains precius metals,like gld,nickel and cpper,which leak txins int the grund when they decmpse(分解).Recycling the metal s in electrnics is vital then t lessen the tech industry's envirnmental and scial impact.Fr mbile phnes,yur retailer might already have a recycling initiative set up.O2 and Virgin Media ffer custmers mney in exchange fr their ld devices,depending n their cnditin.As fr ld clthes,lts f shps,like M&S,nw ffer clthes dnatin banks in-stre,while cuncil s are getting in n the act with n-street clthes recycling pints.Yu can als sell yur clthes r dnate them t charity——secnd hand apps like Depp have already ensured that the resale market in Britain grew at an impressive speed.Mattresses(床垫) are especially difficult t get rid f when they reach their end f life,and many f us are resrting t landfill.Many f the materials in mattresses,such as bx springs,are nt bidegradable(可生物降解的),s it is better t save them frm landfill by reusing them.Cmpanies like Cllect Yur Old Bed pick up yur ld mattress and bed parts and take them t be dismantled and recycled.
Individual acts alne can't fix scial ills.But each f us can d ur part t put mre energy int the search fr slutins.
12.What can we knw frm the secnd paragraph? ______
A. The UK is the wrld's largest e-waste prducer.
B. The British are having difficulty in handling e-waste.
C. The UK lacks relevant technlgy t deal with e-waste.
D. The British aren't equipped with knwledge abut waste recycling.
13.Hw des the authr develp the third paragraph? ______
A. By giving definitins.B. By explaining cncepts.
C. By prviding examples.D. By making cmparisns.
14.Which activity can be cnsidered sustainable accrding t the text? ______
A. Dnating extra items t nn-prfit rganizatins.
B. Purchasing new devices t replace ld nes.
C. Abandning utdated digital prducts.
D. Sending ld mattresses t the landfill.
15.What is the text mainly abut? ______
A. Negative impacts f e-waste.
B. Ways t recycle tricky items.
C. Resurce cnservatin effrts.
D. Sustainable practices f the British.
二、阅读七选五:本大题共5小题,共10分。
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many f us share an incredible bnd with ur pets.They prvide cmpaninship,bring happiness and fr sme even prvide a sense f purpse.S,when a pet passes away——r ges missing r is stlen——it can trigger(引发) all srts f painful emtins. (1) ______ .It's difficult t g thrugh.Here's sme advice fr dealing with the death f a pet.
Yu are nrmal
Sme may nt understand hw upsetting the lss f a pet can be and can make yu feel yu're verreacting.Yu shuld nt feel ashamed f yur emtins,and the grieving prcess can't be frced r sped alng.Be patient with yurself. (2) ______ .
( 3) ______
Bttling up yur feelings will nly make matters wrse in the lng run.Dn't be afraid t shw yur emtins.It's kay t cry r feel angry,after all yu have lst smene very special and dear t yu.Dn't be hard n yurself if sme days are mre difficult than thers.(4) ______ .These can be places yu ften went t,r the date f yur pet's arrival r their birthday.
Open up
( 5) ______ .Dn't be afraid t speak t family and friends,especially if they knew yur pet,as they can supprt yu.If a pet is lst r stlen,this can be very difficult.One thing is writing dwn hw yu feel and what yu wuld have said t yur pet.This can wrk fr any frm f lss.
A.Dn't ignre the pain
B.Pets can be ur best cmpanins
C.Life can suddenly feel very empty
D.There will be events that cause yur srrw
E.Avid the items and places related t yur pet
F.Talking abut yur feelings and yur pet can really help
G.Understand that what and hw yu are feeling is perfectly nrmal
16.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空:本大题共20小题,共30分。
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、和 D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Yesterday I had the chance t step ut f my cmfrt zne.I(1) ______ tw strangers fr help.I used t be a little bit shy,especially in the(2) ______ surrundings.It really tk(3) ______ t get ut at the very beginning.
I wuld have driven the car but I have (4) ______ my arm,s I had t use my feet t get frm the dctr's surgery t anther imprtant (5) ______ .A yung by n a bike gave me sme(6) ______ fr a shrtcut t the next village.Thugh pushed fr time,he(7) ______ .accmpanied me part f the way t shw me the start f the path.We had a laugh when I(8) ______ abut stealing his bike.It seemed having a small talk with a (9) ______ wasn't that difficult.My shyness(10) ______ .
Gt there in the end—— wing t (11) ______ a kind man wh was leaving his driveway and abut t dry the windscreen f his car.I begged him fr a(12) ______ dwn the rad,seeing as I nly had 5 minutes left.It(13) ______ tk 20 minutes n ft but nly a few minutes by car.Therefre,I asked him a favur withut(14) ______ .It was extremely (15) ______ that he was willing t assist rather than (16) ______ my request directly.
Glad I(17) ______ my instinct(直觉)—he was a very nice persn and thanks t him——and the by——I gt t my appintment a minute early.(18) ______ t the help frm kind strangers wh gave me hpe and strength,I am well (19) ______ f the fact that even small and randm acts f kindness can make a day full f jy and I wuld like t(20) ______ the kindness t mre peple.
21.A. deniedB. encunteredC. apprachedD. thanked
22.A. shabbyB. unfamiliarC. differentD. rdinary
23.A. curageB. abilityC. cnfidenceD. time
24.A. hiddenB. brkenC. lstD. treated
25.A. ccasinB. destinatinC. platfrmD. appintment
26.A. suggestinsB. lessnsC. directinsD. descriptins
27.A. stillB. yetC. everD. even
28.A. jkedB. heardC. arguedD. thught
29.A. kidB. strangerC. passer-byD. friend
30.A. returnedB. rseC. matteredD. faded
31.A. searching frB. cming acrssC. drpping byD. kncking dwn
32.A. liftB. tipC. tripD. chance
33.A. naturallyB. casuallyC. riginallyD. precisely
34.A. dubtB. evidenceC. hesitatinD. truble
35.A. surprisingB. hpefulC. beneficialD. frtunate
36.A. cmmentedB. cmprehendedC. changedD. rejected
37.A. trustedB. resistedC. cntrlledD. cnfirmed
38.A. AddictedB. AdjustingC. GratefulD. Devted
39.A. awareB. ashamedC. prudD. guilty
40.A. explainB. spreadC. dnateD. recmmend
四、语法填空:本大题共1小题,共15分。
41.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A significant part f daily life in China centers n tea.Tea and all its six primary(1) ______ (categry)——green,yellw,dark,white,lng,and black——all riginated in China.The earliest credible evidence cmes frm ancient plant remains(2) ______ (find) in 2016 in Xi'an,indicating that tea was grwn at least 2,100 years ag.
Tday,the cuntry has ver 2,000 varieties f tea,(3) ______ (differ) in taste,arma,and purpse.Accrding t(4) ______ UN reprt,abut 6 billin cups f tea are cnsumed every day.In cmparisn,nly 2 billin cups f cffee are made per day.
Generatin after generatin f tea makers experimented(5) ______ different brewing(冲泡) techniques,leaves,and ceremnies,resulting in tday's diverse tea culture.The inclusin f the cuntry's traditinal tea-making prcess n the UNESCO list will (6) ______ (bvius) generate practical benefits fr tea makers in the cuntry and acrss the wrld because mre resurces are prvided (7) ______ (prtect) such millennia-ld tea culture and technical practices.As additinal attentin (8) ______ ( bring) t this traditinal technique,the Chinese tea industry will further bst its grwth.
As ne f China's (9) ______ (ld) cultural practices,traditinal tea prcessing techniques represent the spirit f mdesty and harmny.N matter yur preference fr green and dark tea,with milk r withut,Chinese tea isn't just brews.Instead,it is a bridge (10) ______ cnnects different cultures and peples.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、短文改错:本大题共1小题,共10分。
42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,'每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
(1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
(2)只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
There is an ld man wh live alne next t my dr.When asking why he didn't live with his children,he said he didn't want interrupt them due t their different lifestyles.Every day,she likes sitting in frnt f the shp,there peple cmmunicate.He is very talkative but likes t ffer help.Beside,if peple ask him fr infrmatin,he almst knws everything.Peple like him and get used t see him because f he is smart and can give us useful ideas.He is a gd persn and we are willingly t ask him t have dinner with us.
六、书面表达:本大题共1小题,共25分。
43.假定你是校学生会主席李华。最近,有些学生经常以零食代替正餐。请你以学生会名义为学校英文报校园生活专栏写封倡议书,呼吁同学们养成健康饮食习惯。
内容包括:
(1)描述现象;
(2)阐明危害;
(3)发出号召。
注意:
(1)词数 100 左右;
(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear students,
______
Students' Unin
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、A、C
【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据文章Bali,Indnesia部分的The cean,never far away,ffers wrld class diving,surfing,parasailing and ther water sprts.(海洋,从未远离,提供世界级的潜水,冲浪,滑翔伞和其他水上运动。)可知巴厘岛将吸引想做水上运动的游客。故选B。
(2)推理判断题。根据文章Gerge Twn,Malaysia部分的Lw csts are a big part f the appeal(低成本是吸引力的一大部分)和Chiang Mai,Thailand部分的The biggest advantage f retirement in Chiang Mai is the lw cst f living and affrdable health care(清迈退休生活最大的好处是生活成本低,医疗费用也负担得起)可知乔治城和清迈有一个共同点,那就是对游客来说,这两个地方的价格都很便宜。故选A。
(3)文章出处题。根据文章第一段 Asia has sme f the mst suitable places in the wrld t retire.Retirement in Asia is sure t be full f extic(非本地的) experiences and unexpected adventures.(亚洲有一些世界上最适合退休的地方。在亚洲退休一定会是充满异国情调的经历和意想不到的冒险。)可知本文是关于一篇旅游的。A.A research paper.一篇研究论文;B.A histry bk.一本历史书;C.A travel brchure.一本旅游手册;D.A gegraphy textbk.一本地理教科书。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了亚洲一些适合退休的地方。这些地方充满异国情调的体验和意想不到的冒险。
一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
二、看题干,带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。
4~7.【答案】B、A、C、D
【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据第一段An unpublished nvel by the late literary giant Gabriel Garcia Marquez will arrive n bkstre shelves next year.(已故文学巨匠加布里埃尔•加西亚•马尔克斯的一部未出版的小说将于明年上架。)可知,加布里埃尔•加西亚•马尔克斯在文学界具有重要影响。故选B。
(2)细节理解题。根据第三段but mst especially,the lve,pssibly the main theme f all his wrk(但最特别的是爱情,这可能是他所有作品的主题)可知,核心主题给《En Agst Ns Vems》的读者留下了更深刻的印象。故选A。
(3)词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句子Viking editrial directr Isabel Wall tld the website it was "exceptinally privileged t be bringing this re-discvered masterpiece int the wrld" 10 years after Garcia Marquez's death.(《维京人》编辑总监伊莎贝尔•沃尔在加西亚•马尔克斯去世10年后告诉该网站,"非常荣幸能将这部重新发现的杰作带到世界上"。)可知,"privileged"意为"荣幸的"。A.Practical实际的;B.Cncerned担心的;C.Hnred光荣的;D.Prfitable可盈利的。故选C。
(4)标题判断题。根据全文和第一段的An unpublished nvel by the late literary giant Gabriel Garcia Marquez will arrive n bkstre shelves next year.(已故文学巨匠加布里埃尔•加西亚•马尔克斯的一部未出版的小说将于明年上架。)可知,文章主要介绍了已故文学巨匠加布里埃尔•加西亚•马尔克斯的一部未出版的小说将于明年上架。。An unpublished nvel by Garcia Marquez is set fr release next year(加西亚•马尔克斯的一部未出版的小说定于明年发行)是最好的标题。故选D。
本文为新闻报道。这篇短文主要介绍了已故文学巨匠加夫列尔•加西亚•马尔克斯的一部未发表小说将于明年出版。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据。
8~11.【答案】C、B、D、C
【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据文章第一段Ask ChatGPT t write a five-paragraph essay n the symblism f "The Great Gatsby"and it will prduce a respnse within secnds.That's nt all.The ability f the artificial intelligence chatbt tl(聊天机器人) is vast.(请ChatGPT写一篇关于《了不起的盖茨比》象征意义的五段短文,几秒钟之内就会有回复。这还不是全部。人工智能聊天工具的能力是巨大的。)可知提到《了不起的盖茨比》这个例子,是为了证明人工智能的强大。故选C。
(2)推理判断题。根据文章第二段Plus,ChatGPT is designed t be user-friendly,and it's free.It quickly has the attentin f schl administratrs,teachers,parents and students,and its presence has gained mixed respnses.(另外,ChatGPT的设计是用户友好的,而且是免费的。它很快引起了学校管理者、老师、家长和学生的注意,它的出现获得了不同的反应。)可知ChatGPT在教育领域很受欢迎。故选B。
(3)推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段Other big city districts like Seattle and Ls Angeles have als blcked access t the app,and mre may fllw in the future,which means t receive general recgnitin,ChatGPT has a lng way t g.(西雅图和洛杉矶等其他大城市也屏蔽了该应用程序,未来可能会有更多人效仿,这意味着要获得普遍认可,ChatGPT还有很长的路要走。)可知ChatGPT的未来需要进一步改进,以满足不同的需求。故选D。
(4)观点态度题。根据文章最后一段Edward Tian,a student at Princetn University,recently develped an app that he said "can quickly and efficiently detect whether an essay is ChatGPT r human written."This can partially free a certain number f peple frm wrries,wh advcate a cautius use f this tl.(普林斯顿大学的学生Edward Tian最近开发了一个应用程序,他说"可以快速有效地检测一篇文章是ChatGPT还是人类写的。"这可以部分解除一部分人的担忧,他们主张谨慎使用这一工具。)可知作者对在教育中使用ChatGPT的态度是谨慎的。A.Favrable.支持的;B.Unclear.不清楚的;C.Cautius.谨慎的;D.Indifferent.不在乎的。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人工智能聊天机器人工具ChatGPT的功能和影响。
一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
二、看题干,带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】B、C、A、D
【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据文章第二段It is the case that the UK is rapidly becming ne f the wrst ffenders fr e-waste in the wrld.Althugh it takes a little mre cnscius waste management,there are ways that yu can recycle these mre tricky husehld items and reduce yur envirnmental impact.(事实是,英国正迅速成为世界上电子垃圾的罪魁祸首之一。虽然这需要更有意识的废物管理,但有一些方法可以回收这些更棘手的家居用品,减少对环境的影响。)可知英国人在处理电子垃圾方面有困难。故选B。
(2)推理判断题。根据文章第三段Fr mbile phnes,yur retailer might already have a recycling initiative set up.O2 and Virgin Media ffer custmers mney in exchange fr their ld devices,depending n their cnditin.As fr ld clthes,lts f shps,like M&S,nw ffer clthes dnatin banks in-stre,while cuncil s are getting in n the act with n-street clthes recycling pints(对于手机,你的零售商可能已经制定了回收计划。O2和Virgin Media根据客户的状况,向他们提供资金以换取他们的旧设备。至于旧衣服,许多商店,如M&S,现在提供店内衣服捐赠银行,而议会也加入了街头衣服回收点的行动)可知作者通过举例扩展了第三段。A.By giving definitins.通过给出定义;B.By explaining cncepts.通过解释概念;C.By prviding examples.通过提供例子;D.By making cmparisns.通过比较。故选C。
(3)细节理解题。根据文章第三段Yu can als sell yur clthes r dnate them t charity——secnd hand apps like Depp have already ensured that the resale market in Britain grew at an impressive speed.(你也可以卖掉你的衣服或者捐给慈善机构---像Depp这样的二手应用已经确保了英国的二手市场以惊人的速度增长。)可知向非营利组织捐赠额外物品被认为是可持续的。故选A。
(4)主旨大意题。根据文章第一段The will t live mre sustainably is certainly grwing in the UK,even if many are still unsure abut hw t put that int actin.(在英国,以更可持续的方式生活的意愿肯定在增长,尽管许多人仍不确定如何将这一意愿付诸行动。)和最后一段Individual acts alne can't fix scial ills.But each f us can d ur part t put mre energy int the search fr slutins.(单靠个人行为无法解决社会弊病。但是,我们每个人都可以尽自己的一份力量,把更多的精力放在寻找解决办法上。)可知本文主要讲述了英国人越来越希望过上更可持续的生活,但很多人仍然不确定如何付诸行动。说明本文的主旨大意是D.Sustainable practices f the British.(英国的可持续实践)。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了英国人越来越希望过上更可持续的生活,但很多人仍然不确定如何付诸行动。
一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
二、看题干,带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】C、G、A、E、F
【解析】(1)联系上文题。根据上文S,when a pet passes away——r ges missing r is stlen——it can trigger(引发) all srts f painful emtins. (所以,当宠物去世、失踪或被偷时,它会引发各种痛苦的情绪。)可知,空处应该继续讲述引发的一些情绪。C项"生活可能会突然变得很空虚"符合语境。故选C。
(2)联系上文题。根据上文Yu are nrmal(你很正常),Yu shuld nt feel ashamed f yur emtins,and the grieving prcess can't be frced r sped alng.Be patient with yurself.(你不应该为你的情绪感到羞耻,悲伤的过程不能被强迫或加速。对自己要有耐心。)可知,此处是说这种情绪是正常的。G项"要明白你的感受是完全正常的"符合语境。故选G。
(3)标题归纳题。根据下文Bttling up yur feelings will nly make matters wrse in the lng run.Dn't be afraid t shw yur emtins.(从长远来看,压抑自己的感情只会让事情变得更糟。不要害怕表达你的情绪。)可知,本段主要是说不要忽视自己的情绪。A项"不要忽视痛苦"符合语境。故选A。
(4)联系下文题。根据下文These can be places yu ften went t,r the date f yur pet's arrival r their birthday.(这些可以是你经常去的地方,或者你的宠物到来的日期或他们的生日。)可知,空处应提到一些地方。E项"避免与宠物有关的物品和场所"符合语境。故选E。
(5)联系下文题。根据下文Dn't be afraid t speak t family and friends,especially if they knew yur pet,as they can supprt yu.(不要害怕与家人和朋友交谈,特别是如果他们认识你的宠物,因为他们会支持你。)可知,此处是说要和别人谈论自己的感受。F项"谈论你的感受和你的宠物真的很有帮助"符合语境。故选F。
本文是一篇说明文,文章介绍了一些面对身边宠物去世的建议。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读,和完形填空很类似,不同的是一个选词,一个选句子。解题时,要注意上下文语境,充分考虑信息词(选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词),选出最符合语境的句子。
21~40.【答案】D、B、A、C、D、A、A、A、B、D、B、A、D、C、A、D、A、C、A、B
【解析】(1)考查动词及语境理解。A.denied否认;B.encuntered遇到;C.apprached靠近;D.thanked感谢。根据后文Glad I(17)my instinct(直觉)—he was a very nice persn and thanks t him——and the by——I gt t my appintment a minute early.可知很高兴我相信自己的直觉---他是一个非常好的人,多亏了他---还有那个男孩---我提前一分钟到达了约会地点。说明我感谢两个陌生人的帮助。故答案为D。
(2)考查形容词及语境理解。A.shabby衣衫褴褛的;B.unfamiliar不熟悉的;C.different不同的;D.rdinary普通的。根据上句I used t be a little bit shy可知我以前有点害羞,尤其是在不熟悉的环境中。故答案为B。
(3)考查名词及语境理解。A.curage勇气;B.ability能力;C.cnfidence自信;D.time时间。根据上句I used t be a little bit shy可知我以前有点害羞,说明一开始走出去真的需要勇气。故答案为A。
(4)考查动词及语境理解。A.hidden躲藏;B.brken打破;C.lst丢失;D.treated对待。根据下句s I had t use my feet t get frm the dctr's surgery t anther imprtant (5).可知所以我不得不用我的脚从医生的手术室到另一个重要的约会。说明我本来可以开车的,但是我失去了我的手臂,故答案为C。
(5)考查名词及语境理解。A.ccasin场合;B.destinatin目的地;C.platfrm平台;D.appintment约会。根据后文I gt t my appintment a minute early可知我提前一分钟到达了约会地点。说明我不得不用我的脚从医生的手术室到另一个重要的约会。故答案为D。
(6)考查名词及语境理解。A.suggestins建议;B.lessns课;C.directins方向;D.descriptins描述。根据空后fr a shrtcut t the next village.可知一个骑自行车的小男孩给了我一些去下一个村庄的捷径的建议。故答案为A。
(7)考查副词及语境理解。A.still仍然;B.yet已经;C.ever曾经;D.even甚至。根据上句Thugh pushed fr time可知尽管时间紧迫,他还是陪我走了一段路,给我指明了路的起点。故答案为A。
(8)考查动词及语境理解。A.jked开玩笑;B.heard听到;C.argued争论;D.thught认为。根据上句We had a laugh可知当我开玩笑说偷了他的自行车时,我们大笑起来。故答案为A。
(9)考查名词及语境理解。A.kid孩子;B.stranger陌生人;C.passer-by过路人;D.friend朋友。根据前文I used t be a little bit shy可知我以前有点害羞,说明看起来和一个陌生人聊天并没有那么困难。故答案为B。
(10)考查动词及语境理解。A.returned回来;B.rse上升;C.mattered有重要性;D.faded逐渐消失,褪色。根据上句It seemed having a small talk with a (9)wasn't that difficult(看起来和一个陌生人聊天并没有那么困难。)可知我的羞怯消失了。故答案为D。
(11)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.searching fr寻找;B.cming acrss偶遇;C.drpping by顺便来访;D.kncking dwn撞倒。根据上句Gt there in the end可知最终到达了那里,说明因为遇到了一位好心人,他正离开车道,准备擦干他汽车的挡风玻璃。故答案为B。
(12)考查名词及语境理解。A.lift搭乘;B.tip建议;C.trip旅行;D.chance机会。根据后文I gt t my appintment a minute early可知我提前一分钟到达了约会地点。说明我恳求他顺路载我一程,因为我只剩下5分钟了。故答案为A。
(13)考查副词及语境理解。A.naturally自然地;B.casually休闲地;C.riginally最初地;D.precisely准确地。根据空后tk 20 minutes n ft but nly a few minutes by car.可知准确地说,步行需要20分钟,但开车只需要几分钟。故答案为D。
(14)考查名词及语境理解。A.dubt怀疑;B.evidence证据;C.hesitatin犹豫;D.truble麻烦。根据前文seeing as I nly had 5 minutes left.可知因为我只剩下5分钟了。说明我毫不犹豫地请他帮忙。故答案为C。
(15)考查形容词及语境理解。A.surprising令人惊讶的;B.hpeful有希望的;C.beneficial有好处的;D.frtunate幸运的。根据下句he was willing t assist rather than (16)my request directly.可知他愿意帮助我,而不是直接拒绝我的请求。说明这是非常令人惊讶的。故答案为A。
(16)考查动词及语境理解。A.cmmented评论;B.cmprehended理解;C.changed改变;D.rejected拒绝。根据空前It was extremely (15)that he was willing t assist rather than可知非常令人惊讶的是,他愿意帮助我,而不是直接拒绝我的请求。故答案为D。
(17)考查动词及语境理解。A.trusted信任;B.resisted抵制;C.cntrlled控制;D.cnfirmed确认。根据下句he was a very nice persn and thanks t him可知他是一个非常好的人,多亏了他。说明很高兴我相信自己的直觉。故答案为A。
(18)考查形容词及语境理解。A.Addicted上瘾的;B.Adjusting调整的;C.Grateful感激的;D.Devted奉献的。根据上句Glad I(17)my instinct(直觉)—he was a very nice persn and thanks t him——and the by——I gt t my appintment a minute early.可知很高兴我相信自己的直觉---他是一个非常好的人,多亏了他---还有那个男孩---我提前一分钟到达了约会地点。说明我对这两个人非常感激。故答案为C。
(19)考查形容词及语境理解。A.aware意识到的;B.ashamed羞愧的;C.prud自豪的;D.guilty有罪的。根据下句even small and randm acts f kindness can make a day full f jy and I wuld like t(20)the kindness t mre peple.可知我很清楚这样一个事实,即使是微小而随意的善举也能让一天充满欢乐,我愿意将这种善举传播给更多的人。be aware f意识到。故答案为A。
(20)考查动词及语境理解。A.explain解释;B.spread传播;C.dnate捐赠;D.recmmend推荐。根据空后the kindness t mre peple.可知我愿意将这种善举传播给更多的人。故答案为B。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了即使是小小的善举也能让一天充满快乐,作者希望将这种善良传递给更多人。
完形填空题的解题步骤:
1.通读全文,理解大意。重视首句信息,跳过空格,浏览全文,从整体上感知全文,理解文章大意,这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后,避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下,结合各选项的意义和用法,遵循先易后难的原则,先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题,暂时跳过,或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示,或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文,解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格,对全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读,弥补疏漏,全部做好后,务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容,确保全文文意连贯。
41.【答案】【小题1】categries
【小题2】fund
【小题3】different
【小题4】a
【小题5】n
【小题6】bviusly
【小题7】t prtect
【小题8】is brught
【小题9】ldest
【小题10】that/which
【解析】(1)考查可数名词的复数。句意:茶和它的所有六个主要类别---绿茶、黄茶、黑茶、白茶、乌龙茶和红茶---都起源于中国。前面有大于一的数字,所以用名词复数,故填categries。
(2)考查过去分词。句意:最早可信的证据来自2016年在西安发现的古代植物遗骸,表明茶叶至少在2100年前就开始种植了。find和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置定语,故填fund。
(3)考查形容词。句意:今天,这个国家有2000多种茶,口味、香气和用途各不相同。此处为形容词短语作后置定语,故填different。
(4)考查冠词。句意:根据联合国的一份报告,每天约有60亿杯茶被消耗掉。泛指一个,所以用不定冠词,UN是以辅音音素开头的,故填a。
(5)考查介词。句意:一代又一代的茶人尝试了不同的泡茶技术、茶叶和仪式,形成了今天多样化的茶文化。experiment n"实验",为固定搭配,故填n。
(6)考查副词。句意:将中国的传统制茶工艺列入联合国教科文组织名录显然将为该国和世界各地的茶商带来实际利益,因为提供了更多的资源来保护这种千年悠久的茶文化和技术实践。修饰动词,所以用副词,故填bviusly。
(7)考查动词不定式。句意:将中国的传统制茶工艺列入联合国教科文组织名录显然将为该国和世界各地的茶商带来实际利益,因为提供了更多的资源来保护这种千年悠久的茶文化和技术实践。此处为动词不定式作目的状语,填t prtect。
(8)考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:随着对这一传统技术的更多关注,中国茶业将进一步推动其增长。主句为一般将来时态,实验时间状语从句用一般现在时态,bring和主语之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,主语为不可数名词,所以谓语用第三人称单数形式,故填is brught。
(9)考查形容词最高级。句意:作为中国最古老的文化习俗之一,传统的茶叶加工工艺体现了谦虚与和谐的精神。前面有ne f和表示范围的词,所以用形容词最高级作定语,故填ldest。
(10)考查定语从句。句意:相反,它是一座连接不同文化和民族的桥梁。先行词为物,在定语从句中作主语,故填that/which。
这是一篇说明文,主要讲述了中国茶文化的发展过程。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上,灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有:固定的短语,词类的转换,名词的复数形式,副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此,这就需要在平时的学习中,牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
42.【答案】There is an ld man wh live alne next t my dr.When asking why he didn't live with his children,he said he didn't want∧ interrupt them due t their different lifestyles.Every day, she likes sitting in frnt f the shp, there peple cmmunicate.He is very talkative but likes t ffer help. Beside,if peple ask him fr infrmatin,he almst knws everything.Peple like him and get used t see him because f he is smart and can give us useful ideas.He is a gd persn and we are willingly t ask him t have dinner with us.
详解:
(1)考查定语从句谓语动词。句意:我家隔壁有一位老人,他一个人住。前后时态一致,用一般现在时;定语从句的谓语动词live和先行词an ld man一致,用第三人称单数lives,故live改为lives。
(2)考查过去分词。句意:当问他为什么不和孩子们住在一起时,他说他不想打扰他们,因为他们的生活方式不同。作时间状语,动词ask和主语he构成被动关系,用过去分词asked,故asking改为asked。
(3)考查动词不定式。句意:当问他为什么不和孩子们住在一起时,他说他不想打扰他们,因为他们的生活方式不同。want后用动词不定式作宾语,故want后加t。
(4)考查代词一致。句意:每天,他都喜欢坐在商店前,人们在那里交流。代指an ld man用he作主语,故she改为he。
(5)考查非限制性定语从句。句意:每天,他都喜欢坐在商店前,人们在那里交流。修饰先行词the shp,作非限制性定语从句peple cmmunicate的地点状语,关系词用where,故there改为where。
(6)考查连词。句意:他很健谈,而且喜欢提供帮助。根据句意可知前后是并列关系,所以用and连接is very talkative和likes t ffer help,故but改为and。
(7)考查副词。句意:此外,如果人们问他信息,他几乎什么都知道。根据句意可知表示"此外"用besides,故Beside改为Besides。
(8)考查动名词。句意:人们喜欢他,并且习惯见到他,因为他很聪明,可以给我们一些有用的想法。get used t后用动名词作宾语,故see改为seeing。
(9)考查介词。句意:人们喜欢他,并且习惯见到他,因为他很聪明,可以给我们一些有用的想法。引导原因状语从句he is smart and can give us useful ideas用连词because,故去掉f。
(10)考查形容词。句意:他是个好人,我们很乐意请他和我们一起吃饭。作表语,用形容词willing构成固定短语be willing t表示"乐于",故willingly改为willing。
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自家隔壁一位老人的故事。
短文改错的解题方法与技巧 1.首先要细读全文,弄懂全篇的意思。在读的过程可把初步确认的错误标出。2.然后再从以下几个方面仔细推敲。( 1)动词→查时态,第三人称单数、非谓语动词、语态、主复句时态是否一致。( 2)代词→查前后是否一致。it的用法,以及指示代词、人称代词、不定代词、关系代词的用法是否有误。( 3)介词→查搭配及容易误用的介词。( 4)形容词副词→查词性有否混淆,形容词与副词的比较级、最高级的用法,修饰比较级的副词等。( 5)名词→查单复数,可数不可数,是否加冠词,the,a还是an,主谓一致问题。( 6)连词→查上下文之间的逻辑关系。有否误用。3.重读全文,仔细推敲改正后的短文。读起来是否通顺,逻辑思维与短文脉络是否合理,词汇的用法、句子结构是否合理。
43.【答案】Dear students,
Sme students in ur schl have the habit f eating snacks instead f meals,which is harmful t their health.【高分句型一】We'd like t call n all students t develp healthy eating habits.(描述现象)
As we all knw,if we eat snacks frequently ,the chemicals they cntain will build up inside ur bdy and harm ur bdy.【高分句型二】Besides,snacks dn't prvide enugh nutrients that ur bdy needs t functin well fr the whle day.Therefre,we wuld call n yu t take meals instead f snacks.(阐明危害)
Let's have a healthy diet frm nw n ,Let's eat mre fruit and vegetables every day t prevent diseases s that we can keep healthy.(发出号召)
Students' Unin
【解析】高分句型一:Sme students in ur schl have the habit f eating snacks instead f meals,which is harmful t their health.
译文:我们学校的一些学生有吃零食而不吃饭的习惯,这对他们的健康有害。
分析:这句话使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二:As we all knw,if we eat snacks frequently ,the chemicals they cntain will build up inside ur bdy and harm ur bdy.
译文:众所周知,如果我们经常吃零食,它们所含的化学物质会在我们体内积聚,危害我们的身体。
分析:这句话使用了as引导的非限制性定语从句,if引导的条件状语从句,they cntain是定语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文,需要写的内容已经给出,但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译,而是要添加些内容,使文章看起来更充实,要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文,一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题,给出的要点都需要包括,缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系,不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式,同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数,不要太多也不要太少。
2022-2023学年西藏日喀则市高二(下)期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析): 这是一份2022-2023学年西藏日喀则市高二(下)期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析),共19页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解,阅读七选五,完形填空,语法填空,短文改错,书面表达等内容,欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年四川省雅安市高二(下)期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析): 这是一份2022-2023学年四川省雅安市高二(下)期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析),共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解,阅读七选五,完形填空,语法填空,短文改错,书面表达等内容,欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年四川省遂宁市高二(下)期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析): 这是一份2022-2023学年四川省遂宁市高二(下)期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析),共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解,阅读七选五,完形填空,语法填空,短文改错,书面表达等内容,欢迎下载使用。