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第13讲 介词和介词短语（练习）-备战2024中考英语一轮复习精品课件+讲义+练习（全国通用）
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第13讲 介词和介词短语（模拟精练+真题演练）单项选择1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Oh, it’s you, Ella! Your voice sounds quite different ________ the phone. What’s happening?A．from B．in C．on D．by【答案】C【详解】句意：哦，是你，埃拉！你的声音在电话里听起来很不一样。发生了什么事？考查介词辨析。from从、来自；in在……里；on在……上；by通过、凭借。根据“Your voice sounds quite different ... the phone.”可知，你的声音在电话里听起来很不一样。on the phone“在电话里”，固定搭配。故选C。2．（2023·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）—Which do you like better, tea or coffee? —Neither. I prefer water ________ sugar in it.A．to B．with C．than【答案】B【详解】句意：——茶和咖啡，你更喜欢哪一个？——都不喜欢。我喜欢加糖的水。考查介词辨析。to到；with具有；than比。根据“I prefer water...sugar in it.”可知，喜欢带有糖的水，故选B。3．（2023·吉林四平·校联考模拟预测）—It’s impossible to learn physics well ________ knowledge of math.—I couldn’t agree more! So we should also learn math well.A．against B．beyond C．without【答案】C【详解】句意：——没有数学知识就不可能学好物理。——我完全同意！所以我们也应该好好学习数学。考查介词辨析。against靠；beyond超过；without没有。根据“It’s impossible to learn physics well...knowledge of math”可知没有数学知识，不可能学好物理，用介词without。故选C。4．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第十六中学校联考模拟预测）Ben was helping his mother with the housework when the rain began to beat heavily ________ the windows.A．across B．against C．above【答案】B【详解】句意：Ben正在帮妈妈做家务，这时雨开始重重地打在窗户上。考查介词辨析。across穿过；against依，碰；above在上方。根据“beat heavily...the windows”可知是重重地敲打窗户，用介词against。故选B。5．（2023·安徽芜湖·校联考模拟预测）________ July this year, the 31st World University Games will start in Chengdu.A．At B．On C．In D．By【答案】C【详解】句意：今年七月，第31届世界大学生运动会将在成都举行。考查介词辨析。at在某个时刻；on在某一天，具体时间；in在某年某月；by到……为止。“July”意为“七月”，月份前用in。故选C。6．（2023·福建厦门·厦门双十中学校考模拟预测）To my great joy, my family is always ________ me whatever I decide to do.A．behind B．to C．against【答案】A【详解】句意：令我非常高兴的是，无论我决定做什么，我的家人总是支持我。考查介词辨析。behind在……的后面；to到；against反对。根据“my family is always… me whatever I decide to do.”可知，我的家人总是支持我。意思是说总是在我身后，所以用behind。故选A。7．（2023·福建漳州·校联考模拟预测）Cathy always makes good use of her time to study, even _________ her lunch time.A．through B．during C．between【答案】B【详解】句意：凯西总是充分利用时间去学习，甚至在她的午餐期间。考查介词。through通过；during在……期间；between在两者之间。根据后面宾语“her lunch time”可知，此处表示吃午饭期间也学习，用介词during，故选B。8．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州铜盘中学校考模拟预测）— How do you relax in your free time?— ________ doing sports and watching movies.A．By B．At C．On【答案】A【详解】句意：——你在空闲时间是如何放松的？——通过运动和看电影。考查介词辨析。by通过；at在；on在上面。根据“How do you relax in your free time”可知是通过运动和看电影来放松，用介词by。故选A。9．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考模拟预测）________ June 1st, kids ________ 14 usually dress up to celebrate Children’s Day.A．In；over B．In；under C．On；over D．On；under【答案】D【详解】句意：6月1日，14岁以下的孩子们通常会盛装打扮来庆祝儿童节。考查介词辨析。in用于指某个较长的时间（年、月、季节）；on用于指具体某一天，如星期几，节日以及具体某一天的早中晚；over大于；under低于。第一空后为“June 1st”，指具体的某一天应用介词on，A、B选项可排除。根据语境可知，此处指的是庆祝儿童节，通常14岁以下的孩子会庆祝这个节日，故第二空应用介词under。故选D。10．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考模拟预测）I watched the film The River Runs Red with my parents ________ the afternoon of January 24th.A．to B．in C．at D．on【答案】D【详解】句意：1月24日下午，我和父母一起看了电影《满江红》。考查介词辨析。to到；in后可接年、月、季节；at后可接具体时刻；on后接具体一天或某一天的上/下午。题干中的“the afternoon of January 24th”具体到了1月24日的下午，所以用on。故选D。11．（2023·四川凉山·模拟预测）—It is known to us all that Taiwan is an important part of China.—Yes, it lies ________ the southeast of China.A．on B．to C．in D．at【答案】C【详解】句意：——众所周知，台湾是中国的重要组成部分。——是的，它位于中国的东南部。考查介词辨析。on表示接壤；to表示隔海相望；in在……范围内；at在。台湾是中国领土的一部分，在范围内，用in，故选C。12．（2023·甘肃武威·统考模拟预测）After work, we can relax ourselves ________ eating watermelons and we can cut watermelons ________ knives.A．by; by B．with; by C．with; with D．by; with【答案】D【详解】句意：下班后，我们可以通过吃西瓜放松自己，我们可以用刀切西瓜。考查介词辨析。by通过；with和、用。根据“we can relax ourselves…eating watermelons”可知第一空填“通过”符合语境，指的是通过吃西瓜放松自己；根据“we can cut watermelons…knives”可知第二空填“用”符合语境，指的是用刀切西瓜。故选D。13．（2023·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测）She said she couldn’t have won the Best Actress ___________ her family’s support.A．on B．without C．from D．through【答案】B【详解】句意：她说，如果没有家人的支持，她不可能获得最佳女主角奖。考查介词辨析。on在……上；without没有；from来自；through穿过。根据“She said she couldn’t have won the Best Actress...her family’s support.”可知，没有她家人的支持，她不可能获得最佳女主角奖，介词without“没有”符合语境。故选B。14．（2023·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测）Carol said he couldn’t have won the Best Actor ________ his wife’s support.A．on B．from C．through D．without【答案】D【详解】句意：卡罗尔说，如果没有妻子的支持，他不可能获得最佳男主角奖。考查介词辨析。on在……上；from从……开始；through通过；without没有。根据“Carol said he couldn’t have won the Best Actor”可知，此处是“如果没有妻子的支持”。故选D。15．（2023·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测）_______ her family’s support, she couldn’t have won the Best Actress.A．From B．Without C．Through D．On【答案】B【详解】句意：如果没有家人的支持，她不可能获得最佳女主角。考查介词辨析。from从；without没有；through通过；on关于。根据“... her family’s support, she couldn’t have won the Best Actress.”可推出此处表示没有家人的支持成不了最佳女主角。故选B。16．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆一中校考三模）With the sunshine shining ________ the window, everything in the room looks so bright.A．against B．through C．across D．between【答案】B【详解】句意：阳光透过窗户照进来，房间里的一切看起来都很明亮。考查介词辨析。against靠；through通过；across通过；between在……之间。根据“With the sunshine shining...the window”可知阳光透过窗户，从内部通过用through。故选B。17．（2023·新疆乌鲁木齐·乌市一中校考模拟预测）According to the news, giant panda Yaya will return home ________ April 7, 2023.A．on B．in C．at D．for【答案】A【详解】句意：消息称，大熊猫丫丫将于2023年4月7日回国。考查时间介词。on用在具体的某一天（星期几、几月几日）或某一天的上午、下午或晚上名词前；in用在表示周、月、年、季节等表示一段时间的名词前；at 在具体的时间点前；for用时间段前，表示做某事做了多长时间。根据空格后“April 7, 2023”可知，用介词on。故选A。18．（2023·河北石家庄·校联考一模）—How do you make yourself relaxed before you give a speech?—________ taking a deep breath.A．With B．On C．By D．For【答案】C【详解】句意：——演讲前你如何让自己放松？——通过深呼吸。考查介词词义辨析。With和；On在……上面；By通过；For为了，给。根据问句可知，是在问演讲前让自己放松的方式。而by doing sth.意为“通过做某事”，和题意相符。故选C。19．（2023·湖南株洲·统考二模）All of us went to the zoo ________ Tom. Because he had to look after his little brother at home.A．except B．besides C．with【答案】A【详解】句意：除了汤姆，我们所有人都去了动物园。因为他必须在家照顾他的弟弟。考查介词辨析。except除……之外（不包括在内）；besides除……之外（包括在内）；with和。根据“Because he had to look after his little brother at home.”可知因为他要照顾弟弟，所以除了他之外其他人都去了动物园，故此处用介词except表示“除……之外（不包括）”。故选A。20．（2023·河北秦皇岛·统考三模）—Could you tell me when the play starts today?—It starts _________ 8:00 p.m. A．on B．in C．by D．at【答案】D【详解】句意：——你能告诉我这出戏今天什么时候开始吗？——晚上8点开始。考查介词辨析。on用于星期、具体日期以及具体某一天的早午晚前；in用于世纪、朝代、年月、季节前；by通过；at用于时刻、重大节日和固定搭配上。根据“It starts ... 8:00 p.m.”可知，空后是具体的时刻，此处应该用介词at。故选D。21．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）Giant panda Ya Ya which was sent to America as a symbol of peace returned to China ________ the evening on April 27th, 2023.A．at B．in C．on【答案】B【详解】句意：作为和平象征被送往美国的大熊猫丫丫于2023年4月27日晚返回中国。考查介词辨析。at在某时刻；in在某年某月某季节，或者在早中晚；on在具体某一天。根据“the evening on April 27th”可知此处指“在晚上”，用结构in the evening；on表示具体某一天的晚上用结构on the morning of...。故选B。22．（2023·江苏镇江·统考一模）The Tomb-Sweeping Day, a traditional Chinese festival, usually falls ________ April 5.A．on B．at C．in D．by【答案】A【详解】句意：清明节是中国的传统节日，通常在4月5日。考查介词辨析。on后接具体到某一天的时间或具体某一天的早晨、下午和晚上；at后接钟点或中午、夜间；in后加没有具体到某一天的时间（世纪、年、季节、月）或者早晨、下午和晚上；by到……之前。根据“April 5”可知，此处指的是具体的某一天，因此应用介词on。 故选A。23．（2023·河北衡水·统考二模）The 19th Asian Games will take place ________ September 23rd in Hangzhou, Zhejiang.A．in B．at C．for D．on【答案】D【详解】句意：第19届亚运会将于9月23日在浙江杭州举行。考查介词辨析。in其后加早中晚，月份，季节，年份等；at其后加时间点；for其后加一段时间；on其后加星期或具体的时间。“September 23rd”是具体的时间，用介词on，故选D。24．（2023·辽宁盘锦·校联考三模）People usually admire the moon ________ the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival.A．on B．in C．at D．to【答案】A【详解】句意：人们通常在中秋节的晚上赏月。考查介词辨析。on在具体某一天或某一天的早中晚；in在某年某月某季节；at在某时刻；to到。根据“the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival”可知是在中秋节的晚上，用介词on。故选A。25．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考三模）Tian Zhou 6 spaceship was successfully sent up into space ________ 21:22 pm, on May 10th.A．in B．during C．for D．at【答案】D【详解】句意：5月10日晚21时22分，天舟六号宇宙飞船成功升空。考查介词辨析。in后接年、月、季节等；during在……期间；for后加一段时间；at后接具体时刻。此处指天舟六号在5月10日晚21时22分升空，21:22 pm表具体时刻，其前应加介词at。故选D。26．（2023·海南省直辖县级单位·统考一模）Mary is flying to France. She will arrive ________ Paris ________ the morning of April 28.A．to; on B．in; on C．at; in【答案】B【详解】句意：玛丽很快就要飞往法国了。她将在4月28日上午到达巴黎。考查介词辨析。arrive at+小地点，到达某处；arrive in +大地点（国家、城市），到达某处。 Paris表大地点，应用arrive in。表示具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上，要用介词on；表示泛指的上午、下午、晚上用介词in。 the morning of April 28指具体一天的上午，应用on。故选B。27．（2023·辽宁铁岭·校联考一模）Mingming is taller than me and he sits ________ me in the classroom.A．among B．from C．between D．behind【答案】D【详解】句意：明明比我高，他在教室里坐在我后面。考查介词。among在……中间（三者或三者以上）；from来自；between在……中间（两者）；behind在……后面。根据“Mingming is taller than me”可知，他坐在“我”后面，故选D。28．（2023·云南昆明·统考二模）Giant panda Ya Ya arrived ________ Shanghai Pudong International Airport ________ April 27th, 2023 from Memphis, Tennessee.A．in; in B．on; at C．at; on D．in; on【答案】C【详解】句意：大熊猫丫丫于2023年4月27日从田纳西州孟菲斯市抵达上海浦东国际机场。考查介词辨析。arrive in到达，后接大地点；arrive at到达，后接小地点。上海浦东国际机场是小地点，其前应用at。in后接年、月、季节等；at后接具体时刻；on后接具体某一天。April 27th, 2023指具体的一天，其前应加on。故选C。29．（2023·四川凉山·统考模拟预测）— Last week, all my classmates went to the science museum ________ me. I was in hospital.— What a pity!A．besides B．except C．including【答案】B【详解】句意：——上周，除了我，我所有的同学都去了科学博物馆。我住院了。——多么遗憾！考查介词辨析。besides除了……之外（还）；except除了……之外，不包括；including包括。根据“all my classmates went to the science museum…me”及“I was in hospital”可知，我住院了，所以除了我之外，所有的同学都去了科学博物馆，故选B。30．（2022·甘肃酒泉·校考模拟预测）—Do you know any other foreign languages ________ English?—Yes, I’m also good at Japanese and French.A．besides B．except C．except for D．beside【答案】A【详解】句意：——除了英语，你还会其他外语吗？——是的，我还擅长日语和法语。考查介词。besides除……之外还有，包括除了的对象在内；except除了，不包括除了的对象；except for除了，除了整体中的一部分，常用于对具体细节进行说明；beside在……旁边。根据下文答语“Yes, I’m also good at Japanese and French.”可知，是包括英语在内，问是否知道其他的外语，因此用besides。故选A。二、语法选择（2023·广东广州·华南师大附中校考三模）I have been afraid of water in my whole life. At the age of 34, I didn’t have 31 memory of ever enjoying water. Even walking around the edge of 32 pool was uncomfortable for me. 33 I hid my fear in order to save face, and few people knew 34 .I 35 not forget the last summer 36 I spent with my sister Lori learning swimming. After taking baby steps for many days, I 37 by her down the gentle slope into the pool. She was encouraging me 38 a step deeper, and then another. I had gone 39 several swimming lessons. Every time, when the water 40 my chest, Lori would quickly realize that I was almost to my limit. I breathed a sigh of relief and turned to walk back out the shallow end.“Let’s try going this way.” Lori said.I was shocked as I understood what she meant. She wanted me to walk along the edge of the pool to the opposite end. I saw the blue-painted block numbers. Five and a half feet? No way!“Just try it!” Lori pressed.As the water 41 increased. I moved more and more slowly. As we neared the 42 mark, my progress was 43 difficult that I tried to move forward. I did it! I stood on the floor of the far end of the pool, enjoying cheers and applause from fellow swimmers. Sometimes, 44 deal of all is to walk into something you are afraid of and come out a winner at the end, no matter 45 long it takes to get there.31．A．some B．every C．any D．no32．A．a B．an C．the D．/33．A．Though B．But C．Unless D．If34．A．them B．its C．these D．it35．A．can B．must C．should D．may36．A．when B．who C．that D．where37．A．am led B．lead C．led D．was led38．A．taking B．take C．taken D．to take39．A．for B．away C．through D．by40．A．reaches B．reached C．has reached D．is reaching41．A．depth B．deep C．deeply D．deepen42．A．five foot B．five-feet C．five-foot D．five foot’s43．A．too B．so C．very D．such44．A．big B．bigger C．more bigger D．the biggest45．A．how B．which C．what D．whether【答案】31．C 32．A 33．B 34．D 35．A 36．C 37．D 38．D 39．C 40．B 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．A【导语】本文主要介绍了怕水的作者克服内心的恐惧学习游泳的故事。31．句意：34岁的时候，我没有任何享受水的记忆。some一些，用于肯定句；every每个；any一些，用于否定句；no不。此处是否定句，表示没有任何享受水的记忆，用any。故选C。32．句意：甚至在水池边散步都让我感到不舒服。a不定冠词表泛指，后接以辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词表泛指，后接以元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词表特指；/零冠词。此处泛指“一个水池”，pool以辅音音素开头，其前用不定冠词a。故选A。33．句意：但为了面子，我隐瞒了自己的恐惧，很少有人知道。Though尽管；But但是；Unless除非；If如果。前后句意出现转折，用But表转折。故选B。34．句意：但为了面子，我隐瞒了自己的恐惧，很少有人知道。them他们；its它的；these这些；it它。此处用it指代自己怕水这件事。故选D。35．句意：我不能忘记去年夏天和姐姐Lori一起学习游泳。can能够；must必须；should应该；may可能。此处用can not forget表示“不能忘记”。故选A。36．句意：我不能忘记去年夏天和姐姐Lori一起学习游泳。when先行词是时间，在从句中作状语；who先行词是人，在从句中作主语；that先行词指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；where先行词是地点，在从句中作状语。此处先行词the last summer，虽也表示时间，但在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句。故选C。37．句意：在像婴儿学步好几天之后，我在她的带领下走下了平缓的斜坡，进入游泳池。am led一般现在时的被动语态；lead原形；led过去式；was led一般过去时的被动语态。结合“by her”可知用被动语态，结合“spent”可知用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。38．句意：她鼓励我再深入一步，然后又深入一步。taking动名词或现在分词；take动词原形；taken过去分词；to take动词不定式。encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”。故选D。39．句意：我经历了几次游泳课程。for为了；away离开；through通过；by通过。go through“经历”，此处指经历了几次游泳课。故选C。40．句意：每次当水到达我的胸部，Lori都会很快意识到我几乎达到了极限。reaches三单；reached过去式；has reached现在完成时；is reaching现在进行时。根据“would”、“breathed”等可知用一般过去时。故选B。41．句意：随着水的深度增加，我的移动越来越慢。depth深度，名词；deep深的，形容词；deeply深地，副词；deepen加深，动词。此处用名词作主语。故选A。42．句意：当我们接近五英尺的标记时，我的进程很困难，我努力向前移动。five foot错误搭配；five-feet错误搭配；five-foot五英尺的；five foot’s错误搭配。此处缺少定语，用five-foot作定语。故选C。43．句意：当我们接近五英尺的标记时，我的进程很困难，我努力向前移动。too太；so如此；very非常；such如此的。根据“... difficult that I tried to move forward”可知空后是形容词，此处用so ... that结构引导结果状语从句。故选B。44．句意：有时，最好的处理方式就是走进你害怕的东西，成功地走出来，无论要花多长时间。big大的；bigger更大的；more bigger错误搭配；the biggest最大的。根据“of all”可知此处用最高级，其前加the。故选D。45．句意：有时，最好的处理方式就是走进你害怕的东西，成功地走出来，无论要花多长时间。how如何；which哪个；what什么；whether是否。how long“多久，多长时间”。故选A。三、语法填空（2023·湖北恩施·统考二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A primary school in rural China has become popular recently. It 46 (provide) free meals for its students.There 47 more than 1,000 teachers and students in Jingwai Mingde Primary School in Xuanwei, Yunnan Province. The school plants 48 (vegetable) and raises pigs and chickens itself. The produce is 49 (use) to feed the students.Each class has a piece of land 50 (plant) vegetables or raise animals. Students do farm work during the class twice a week 51 the help of the teachers.The school has 52 (set) up a greenhouse with fruit trees for students to learn about nature, instead of 53 (listen) to teachers in the classroom. There is also a zoo in the school. It keeps some animals to help students get along with animals.Do the students like the school? Sure, they really enjoy the 54 (color) school life. They can grow vegetables 55 their own, eat healthily and play with animals.【答案】46．provides 47．are 48．vegetables 49．used 50．to plant 51．with 52．set 53．listening 54．colorful 55．on【导语】本文主要介绍了中国农村的一所小学。46．句意：它为学生提供免费膳食。根据前句“A primary school in rural China has become popular recently.”可知本文时态为一般现在时，此处主语“It”为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填provides。47．句意：云南省宣威市京外明德小学现有师生1000余人。根据“There…more than 1,000 teachers and students”可知此处为there be句型，时态是一般现在时，主语“teachers and students”为复数。故填are。48．句意：学校自己种菜、养猪和养鸡。根据“raises pigs and chickens”可知此处指的是自己种菜，当表达的意思是多种多样的蔬菜时，就可以用vegetables，即复数形式。故填vegetables。49．句意：农产品是用来养活学生的。根据“The produce is… to feed the students.”可知考查短语be used to do sth“被用来做某事”，故填used。50．句意：每个班级都有一块地用来种菜或饲养动物。根据“Each class has a piece of land…vegetables or raise animals.”可知此处表示目的，可填动词不定式来表目的，故填to plant。51．句意：学生们在老师的帮助下每周两次在课堂上做农活。with the help of…意为“在……的帮助下”，为固定用法，故填with。52．句意：学校用果树搭建了一个温室，让学生们了解自然，而不是在教室里听老师讲课。根据空前的“has”可知时态为现在完成时，空处应填动词的过去分词，set的过去分词为set。故填set。53．句意：学校用果树搭建了一个温室，让学生们了解自然，而不是在教室里听老师讲课。空前有介词“of”，空处应填动名词，故填listening。54．句意：当然，他们真的很享受丰富多彩的学校生活。根据“Sure, they really enjoy the…school life.”可知，空处应填形容词作定语修饰名词“school life”，color的形容词形式为colorful“丰富多彩的”，故填colorful。55．句意：他们可以自己种菜，吃得健康，还可以和动物玩耍。on one’s own“独自地”，为固定用法，故填on。一、单项选择1．（2023·青海·统考中考真题）The four pandas in Chongqing Zoo were born on the same day _______ 2019.A．on B．at C．in【答案】C【详解】句意：重庆动物园的四只大熊猫于2019年同一天出生。考查时间介词。on后接具体某一天等；at后接具体时刻等；in后接具体年月等。根据“2019”可知此处是在2019年，用介词in。故选C。2．（2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）—________ my surprise, the restaurant is a actually very nice.—The service is also great.A．In B．At C．On D．To【答案】D【详解】句意：——让我惊讶的是，这家餐厅实际上非常好。——服务也很棒。考查介词辨析。in在里面；at在；on在上面；to到。to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”，固定短语，故选D。3．（2023·山东东营·统考中考真题）Bees (蜜蜂) can help plants grow. ________ bees, we wouldn’t have enough food.A．From B．Like C．Except D．Without【答案】D【详解】句意：蜜蜂能帮助植物生长。没有蜜蜂，我们将没有足够的食物。考查介词辨析。From从；Like像；Except除了……之外；Without没有。根据“Bees can help plants grow.”可知，没有蜜蜂，植物生长慢，我们将会没有足够的食物。故选D。4．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）No one helped me. I did it all ________ myself.A．for B．of C．by D．about【答案】C【详解】句意：没有人帮我。这一切都是我一个人做的。考查介词辨析。for为了；of……的；by通过；about关于。根据“No one helped me”可知，此处指“我”独自做的，by oneself“某人自己，独自”。故选C。5．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）Everything begins to grow ________ spring. It’s full of hope.A．in B．on C．at D．for【答案】A【详解】句意：万物在春天开始生长。它充满了希望。考查介词辨析。in后加某年某月某季节；on后加具体的某一天；at后加具体时刻；for后加时间段。根据“spring”可知此处是指季节，应用介词in。故选A。6．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）________ the teacher’s help, I have made much progress.A．Thanks to B．As for C．Such as D．Up to【答案】A【详解】句意：多亏了老师的帮助，我取得了很大的进步。考查短语辨析。Thanks to多亏了；As for至于；Such as例如；Up to多达。根据“the teacher’s help, I have made much progress”可知，多亏了老师的帮助才取得了进步，故选A。7．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）About 12,000 people took part in the 2023 Suqian Marathon ________ April 2.A．at B．on C．in D．to【答案】B【详解】句意：4月2日，约1.2万人参加了2023宿迁马拉松比赛。考查介词辨析。at后接具体时刻；on后接具体一天；in后接年、月、季节等；to到。April 2指具体的一天，其前应加介词on。故选B。8．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）It’s a good idea to visit Beijing ________ October.A．at B．on C．in D．to【答案】C【详解】句意：在十月份参观北京是个好主意。考查时间介词。at后接具体时刻等；on后接具体某一天等；in后接年月等；to到。根据“October”可知此处表示在十月，用介词in。故选C。9．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）The girl takes her dog for a walk ________ the river every evening.A．in B．along C．over D．under【答案】B【详解】句意：这个女孩每天晚上带着她的狗沿着河边散步。考查介词辨析。in在里面；along沿着；over在上面；under在下面。根据“The girl takes her dog for a walk...the river every evening.”可知，是沿着河边散步，故选B。10．（2023·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）A new bridge was built ________ the Yellow River last year.A．around B．across C．against D．along【答案】B【详解】句意：去年在黄河上建了一座新桥。考查介词辨析。around围绕；across横穿；against反对；along沿着。根据常识可知桥应该是横跨黄河，用across，故选B。11．（2023·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题）Three Shenzhou XV heroes successfully came back to the Earth ________ June 4, 2023.A．at B．on C．in D．until【答案】B【详解】句意：2023年6月4日，三名神舟十五号英雄成功返回地球。考查时间介词的用法。at后接具体的时刻；on后接具体的一天；in后接某年某月某季节；until直到。“June 4, 2023”是具体的一天，空处应填on，故选B。12．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）Look! The traffic light is green. We can go ________ the road now.A．across B．above C．below D．against【答案】A【详解】句意：看！交通灯是绿色的。我们现在可以过马路了。考查介词辨析。across横穿；above在……上方；below在……下方；against反对。根据“Look! The traffic light is green”可知是绿灯，所以可以横穿马路，go across“横穿”，故选A。13．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）The newly-built teaching building provides the students ________ a comfortable learning environment.A．for B．to C．with D．in【答案】C【详解】j句意：新建的教学楼为学生提供了一个舒适的学习环境。考查介词辨析。for为了；to到；with和；in在……里。动词短语provide sb with sth表示“给某人提供某物”。故选C。14．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）The 20th National Congress of the CPC was convened (召开) __________ October 16th, 2022.A．on B．in C．by【答案】A【详解】句意：党的二十大在2022年10月16日召开。考查介词辨析。on用在具体某一天的前面；in后接不具体时间；by到……为止。“October 16th, 2022.”是具体到某一天的时间，其前用介词on。故选A。15．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）It is impolite to speak loudly ________.A．in danger B．in public C．in person【答案】B【详解】句意：在公共场合大声说话是不礼貌的。考查介词短语。in danger处于危险中；in public在公共场合；in person亲自。根据“It is impolite to speak loudly”可知在公共场合大声说话是不礼貌的。故选B。16．（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）— Did Alan and Lily join the art club ________ June 20th, 2023?—Yes, I joined it, too.A．on B．in C．at【答案】A【详解】句意：——阿兰和莉莉是在2023年6月20日加入美术俱乐部的吗？——是的，我也加入了。考查介词辨析。on在具体某天；in在某年、月、季节等；at在某时刻。“June 20th, 2023”具体到6月20日这一天，时间介词用on。故选A。17．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考中考真题）Bills is ________ all the other runners. It seems that he will be the winner.A．next to B．far from C．ahead of【答案】C【详解】句意：比尔跑在所有赛跑者的前面。看来他会是赢家。考查介词短语辨析。next to在旁边；far from远离；ahead of领先。根据“It seems that he will be the winner”可知，他跑在其他人的前面，所以会是赢家，故选C。18．（2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）China launched (发射) Shenzhou-16 manned space ship successfully ________ May 30, 2023.A．at B．on C．in【答案】B【详解】句意：2023年5月30日，中国成功发射神州十六号载人飞船。考查介词辨析。at在，后接具体的时间点；on在，后接具体的某一天；in在，后接年、月等时间段。根据“May 30, 2023”可知2023年5月30日是具有的一天，应用介词on。故选B。19．（2023·福建·统考中考真题）The toy is ________ my little brother. I bought it yesterday.A．for B．from C．by【答案】A【详解】句意：这个玩具是给我弟弟的。我昨天买的。考查介词辨析。for为了；from从；by被。根据“The toy is...my little brother. I bought it yesterday.”可知，玩具是给我弟弟的，故选A。二、语法选择（2023·广东广州·统考中考真题）It was a beautiful spring day in a forest in ancient China. High up in a tree, a mother bird was watching 1 six baby birds come out of the eggs lovingly. Five of them were strong. They chirped loudly. But 2 last one that came out was not strong at all. This little one 3 Little Six. He was weak and quiet. He was not fast enough 4 the worms (虫子) Mama Bird brought back. Little Six ate 5 food, so he was always hungry. And he didn’t like that.Little Six didn’t have a strong body. 6 he had a strong will. He decided 7 he would get stronger. He would do exercises and flap (拍动) his wings every day.Every morning, Little Six would rise 8 the sun even came up. When his brothers and sisters woke, Little Six had already finished all his exercises. Morning after morning, he practiced 9 his wings, and they were getting stronger and stronger. He always got the first worms Mama brought back home.All through the spring, Little Six woke up 10 than his brothers and sisters. Week after week, he worked harder than they did. He 11 eat big meals and did not go hungry any more.After a couple of months, all the baby birds had grown well. Mama Bird brought them together and 12 them to fly. 13 everyone’s surprise, Little Six was the first to start flying!“Chirp! Chirp! 14 at me!” Little Six cried 15 while his brothers and sisters still fought hard, trying to fly up.1．A．she B．her C．hers D．herself2．A．a B．an C．the D．/3．A．called B．was calling C．was called D．were called4．A．get B．got C．getting D．to get5．A．little B．few C．much D．many6．A．and B．but C．because D．so7．A．what B．why C．when D．that8．A．before B．after C．until D．if9．A．flap B．to flap C．flapping D．flapped10．A．early B．earlier C．earliest D．the earliest11．A．could B．might C．should D．must12．A．teach B．teaches C．taught D．will teach13．A．In B．To C．For D．At14．A．Look B．Looks C．To look D．Looking15．A．happy B．happier C．happiness D．happily【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．D【导语】本文主要讲一只小鸟出生就比其他鸟脆弱，后来经过自己不断的努力让自己变得强壮，再也没有挨饿并第一个学会飞翔的故事。1．句意：在一棵高高的树上，一只鸟妈妈正慈爱地看着她的六个鸟宝宝从鸟蛋里孵出来。she她；her她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself她自己。空处修饰“six baby birds”应用形容词性物主代词，故选B。2．句意：但是最后一只鸟出来了，并没有那么强壮。a/an是不定冠词，表示泛指。a用在辅音音素前；an用在元音音素前。the是定冠词，表示特指。此处特指最后一只鸟，用the。故选C。3．句意：这只小鸟被叫做小六。called称呼，过去式；was calling正在叫；was called被叫做，主语是第一人称或单数；were called被叫做，主语是第二人称或复数。此处“This little one”与“call”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是单数。故选C。4．句意：他没有那么快的去拿到鸟妈妈带回来的虫子。get得到，动词原形；got过去式；getting现在分词；to get不定式。enough+to do“足够……去做某事”。故选D。5．句意：小六几乎没有吃到了一点食物，所以他总是很饿。little很少，修饰不可数名词；few很少，修饰可数名词；much很多，修饰不可数名词；many很多，修饰可数名词。根据“so he was always hungry. And he didn’t like that.”可知很饿应是没有吃到食物，修饰food，应用little。故选A。6．句意：小六没有一个强壮的身体，但是他有一个强大的意志。and并且；but但是；because因为；so因此。根据“Little Six didn’t have a strong body....he had a strong will.”可知前后是转折关系，故选B。7．句意：他决心变得更强壮。what什么；why为什么；when什么时候；that那，或作引导词无实意。根据“He decided...he would get stronger.”可知此处是that引导的宾语从句，从句是陈述句用that引导。故选D。8．句意：每天早上小六赶在太阳升起之前起来。before在……之前；after在……之后；until直到；if如果。根据“...the sun even came up.”可知是在太阳升起之前起来。故选A。9．句意：每天早上，日复一日，他练习拍打他的翅膀，并且它们变得越来越强壮了。flap拍打，动词原形；to flap不定式；flapping现在分词；flapped过去式或过去分词。practiced doing sth“练习做某事”。故选C。10．句意：整个春天，小六比其他的哥哥姐姐们醒来的更早。early早，副词原形；earlier比较级；earliest最高级；the earliest最高级。根据“than his brothers and sisters.”可知是比较级，故选B。11．句意：他能够吃掉大餐，再也没有挨饿了。could能够；might可能；should应该；must必须。根据“...eat big meals and did not go hungry any more.”可知是能吃掉大餐。故选A。12．句意：鸟妈妈把他们放到一起，并教他们飞翔。teach教；teaches三单形式；taught过去式；will teach一般将来时。根据“brought”可知时态是过去式。故选C。13．句意：令每只鸟都吃惊的是，小六是第一个开始飞的。In在……里面；To到；For为了；At在。to one’s surprise“令某人吃惊的是”。故选B。14．句意：“吱吱！吱吱！看我” 小六开心地叫道。Look看，动词原形；Looks三单形式；To look不定式；Looking现在分词。此处是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。15．句意：小六开心地叫道，而他的哥哥姐姐们还仍然在努力的尝试着来飞翔。happy开心的，形容词原级；happier更开心的，比较级；happiness名词；happily开心地，副词。空处修饰cried用副词形式，故选D。
第13讲 介词和介词短语（模拟精练+真题演练）单项选择1．（2023·浙江·模拟预测）Oh, it’s you, Ella! Your voice sounds quite different ________ the phone. What’s happening?A．from B．in C．on D．by【答案】C【详解】句意：哦，是你，埃拉！你的声音在电话里听起来很不一样。发生了什么事？考查介词辨析。from从、来自；in在……里；on在……上；by通过、凭借。根据“Your voice sounds quite different ... the phone.”可知，你的声音在电话里听起来很不一样。on the phone“在电话里”，固定搭配。故选C。2．（2023·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）—Which do you like better, tea or coffee? —Neither. I prefer water ________ sugar in it.A．to B．with C．than【答案】B【详解】句意：——茶和咖啡，你更喜欢哪一个？——都不喜欢。我喜欢加糖的水。考查介词辨析。to到；with具有；than比。根据“I prefer water...sugar in it.”可知，喜欢带有糖的水，故选B。3．（2023·吉林四平·校联考模拟预测）—It’s impossible to learn physics well ________ knowledge of math.—I couldn’t agree more! So we should also learn math well.A．against B．beyond C．without【答案】C【详解】句意：——没有数学知识就不可能学好物理。——我完全同意！所以我们也应该好好学习数学。考查介词辨析。against靠；beyond超过；without没有。根据“It’s impossible to learn physics well...knowledge of math”可知没有数学知识，不可能学好物理，用介词without。故选C。4．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第十六中学校联考模拟预测）Ben was helping his mother with the housework when the rain began to beat heavily ________ the windows.A．across B．against C．above【答案】B【详解】句意：Ben正在帮妈妈做家务，这时雨开始重重地打在窗户上。考查介词辨析。across穿过；against依，碰；above在上方。根据“beat heavily...the windows”可知是重重地敲打窗户，用介词against。故选B。5．（2023·安徽芜湖·校联考模拟预测）________ July this year, the 31st World University Games will start in Chengdu.A．At B．On C．In D．By【答案】C【详解】句意：今年七月，第31届世界大学生运动会将在成都举行。考查介词辨析。at在某个时刻；on在某一天，具体时间；in在某年某月；by到……为止。“July”意为“七月”，月份前用in。故选C。6．（2023·福建厦门·厦门双十中学校考模拟预测）To my great joy, my family is always ________ me whatever I decide to do.A．behind B．to C．against【答案】A【详解】句意：令我非常高兴的是，无论我决定做什么，我的家人总是支持我。考查介词辨析。behind在……的后面；to到；against反对。根据“my family is always… me whatever I decide to do.”可知，我的家人总是支持我。意思是说总是在我身后，所以用behind。故选A。7．（2023·福建漳州·校联考模拟预测）Cathy always makes good use of her time to study, even _________ her lunch time.A．through B．during C．between【答案】B【详解】句意：凯西总是充分利用时间去学习，甚至在她的午餐期间。考查介词。through通过；during在……期间；between在两者之间。根据后面宾语“her lunch time”可知，此处表示吃午饭期间也学习，用介词during，故选B。8．（2023·福建福州·福建省福州铜盘中学校考模拟预测）— How do you relax in your free time?— ________ doing sports and watching movies.A．By B．At C．On【答案】A【详解】句意：——你在空闲时间是如何放松的？——通过运动和看电影。考查介词辨析。by通过；at在；on在上面。根据“How do you relax in your free time”可知是通过运动和看电影来放松，用介词by。故选A。9．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考模拟预测）________ June 1st, kids ________ 14 usually dress up to celebrate Children’s Day.A．In；over B．In；under C．On；over D．On；under【答案】D【详解】句意：6月1日，14岁以下的孩子们通常会盛装打扮来庆祝儿童节。考查介词辨析。in用于指某个较长的时间（年、月、季节）；on用于指具体某一天，如星期几，节日以及具体某一天的早中晚；over大于；under低于。第一空后为“June 1st”，指具体的某一天应用介词on，A、B选项可排除。根据语境可知，此处指的是庆祝儿童节，通常14岁以下的孩子会庆祝这个节日，故第二空应用介词under。故选D。10．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考模拟预测）I watched the film The River Runs Red with my parents ________ the afternoon of January 24th.A．to B．in C．at D．on【答案】D【详解】句意：1月24日下午，我和父母一起看了电影《满江红》。考查介词辨析。to到；in后可接年、月、季节；at后可接具体时刻；on后接具体一天或某一天的上/下午。题干中的“the afternoon of January 24th”具体到了1月24日的下午，所以用on。故选D。11．（2023·四川凉山·模拟预测）—It is known to us all that Taiwan is an important part of China.—Yes, it lies ________ the southeast of China.A．on B．to C．in D．at【答案】C【详解】句意：——众所周知，台湾是中国的重要组成部分。——是的，它位于中国的东南部。考查介词辨析。on表示接壤；to表示隔海相望；in在……范围内；at在。台湾是中国领土的一部分，在范围内，用in，故选C。12．（2023·甘肃武威·统考模拟预测）After work, we can relax ourselves ________ eating watermelons and we can cut watermelons ________ knives.A．by; by B．with; by C．with; with D．by; with【答案】D【详解】句意：下班后，我们可以通过吃西瓜放松自己，我们可以用刀切西瓜。考查介词辨析。by通过；with和、用。根据“we can relax ourselves…eating watermelons”可知第一空填“通过”符合语境，指的是通过吃西瓜放松自己；根据“we can cut watermelons…knives”可知第二空填“用”符合语境，指的是用刀切西瓜。故选D。13．（2023·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测）She said she couldn’t have won the Best Actress ___________ her family’s support.A．on B．without C．from D．through【答案】B【详解】句意：她说，如果没有家人的支持，她不可能获得最佳女主角奖。考查介词辨析。on在……上；without没有；from来自；through穿过。根据“She said she couldn’t have won the Best Actress...her family’s support.”可知，没有她家人的支持，她不可能获得最佳女主角奖，介词without“没有”符合语境。故选B。14．（2023·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测）Carol said he couldn’t have won the Best Actor ________ his wife’s support.A．on B．from C．through D．without【答案】D【详解】句意：卡罗尔说，如果没有妻子的支持，他不可能获得最佳男主角奖。考查介词辨析。on在……上；from从……开始；through通过；without没有。根据“Carol said he couldn’t have won the Best Actor”可知，此处是“如果没有妻子的支持”。故选D。15．（2023·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测）_______ her family’s support, she couldn’t have won the Best Actress.A．From B．Without C．Through D．On【答案】B【详解】句意：如果没有家人的支持，她不可能获得最佳女主角。考查介词辨析。from从；without没有；through通过；on关于。根据“... her family’s support, she couldn’t have won the Best Actress.”可推出此处表示没有家人的支持成不了最佳女主角。故选B。16．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆一中校考三模）With the sunshine shining ________ the window, everything in the room looks so bright.A．against B．through C．across D．between【答案】B【详解】句意：阳光透过窗户照进来，房间里的一切看起来都很明亮。考查介词辨析。against靠；through通过；across通过；between在……之间。根据“With the sunshine shining...the window”可知阳光透过窗户，从内部通过用through。故选B。17．（2023·新疆乌鲁木齐·乌市一中校考模拟预测）According to the news, giant panda Yaya will return home ________ April 7, 2023.A．on B．in C．at D．for【答案】A【详解】句意：消息称，大熊猫丫丫将于2023年4月7日回国。考查时间介词。on用在具体的某一天（星期几、几月几日）或某一天的上午、下午或晚上名词前；in用在表示周、月、年、季节等表示一段时间的名词前；at 在具体的时间点前；for用时间段前，表示做某事做了多长时间。根据空格后“April 7, 2023”可知，用介词on。故选A。18．（2023·河北石家庄·校联考一模）—How do you make yourself relaxed before you give a speech?—________ taking a deep breath.A．With B．On C．By D．For【答案】C【详解】句意：——演讲前你如何让自己放松？——通过深呼吸。考查介词词义辨析。With和；On在……上面；By通过；For为了，给。根据问句可知，是在问演讲前让自己放松的方式。而by doing sth.意为“通过做某事”，和题意相符。故选C。19．（2023·湖南株洲·统考二模）All of us went to the zoo ________ Tom. Because he had to look after his little brother at home.A．except B．besides C．with【答案】A【详解】句意：除了汤姆，我们所有人都去了动物园。因为他必须在家照顾他的弟弟。考查介词辨析。except除……之外（不包括在内）；besides除……之外（包括在内）；with和。根据“Because he had to look after his little brother at home.”可知因为他要照顾弟弟，所以除了他之外其他人都去了动物园，故此处用介词except表示“除……之外（不包括）”。故选A。20．（2023·河北秦皇岛·统考三模）—Could you tell me when the play starts today?—It starts _________ 8:00 p.m. A．on B．in C．by D．at【答案】D【详解】句意：——你能告诉我这出戏今天什么时候开始吗？——晚上8点开始。考查介词辨析。on用于星期、具体日期以及具体某一天的早午晚前；in用于世纪、朝代、年月、季节前；by通过；at用于时刻、重大节日和固定搭配上。根据“It starts ... 8:00 p.m.”可知，空后是具体的时刻，此处应该用介词at。故选D。21．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）Giant panda Ya Ya which was sent to America as a symbol of peace returned to China ________ the evening on April 27th, 2023.A．at B．in C．on【答案】B【详解】句意：作为和平象征被送往美国的大熊猫丫丫于2023年4月27日晚返回中国。考查介词辨析。at在某时刻；in在某年某月某季节，或者在早中晚；on在具体某一天。根据“the evening on April 27th”可知此处指“在晚上”，用结构in the evening；on表示具体某一天的晚上用结构on the morning of...。故选B。22．（2023·江苏镇江·统考一模）The Tomb-Sweeping Day, a traditional Chinese festival, usually falls ________ April 5.A．on B．at C．in D．by【答案】A【详解】句意：清明节是中国的传统节日，通常在4月5日。考查介词辨析。on后接具体到某一天的时间或具体某一天的早晨、下午和晚上；at后接钟点或中午、夜间；in后加没有具体到某一天的时间（世纪、年、季节、月）或者早晨、下午和晚上；by到……之前。根据“April 5”可知，此处指的是具体的某一天，因此应用介词on。 故选A。23．（2023·河北衡水·统考二模）The 19th Asian Games will take place ________ September 23rd in Hangzhou, Zhejiang.A．in B．at C．for D．on【答案】D【详解】句意：第19届亚运会将于9月23日在浙江杭州举行。考查介词辨析。in其后加早中晚，月份，季节，年份等；at其后加时间点；for其后加一段时间；on其后加星期或具体的时间。“September 23rd”是具体的时间，用介词on，故选D。24．（2023·辽宁盘锦·校联考三模）People usually admire the moon ________ the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival.A．on B．in C．at D．to【答案】A【详解】句意：人们通常在中秋节的晚上赏月。考查介词辨析。on在具体某一天或某一天的早中晚；in在某年某月某季节；at在某时刻；to到。根据“the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival”可知是在中秋节的晚上，用介词on。故选A。25．（2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考三模）Tian Zhou 6 spaceship was successfully sent up into space ________ 21:22 pm, on May 10th.A．in B．during C．for D．at【答案】D【详解】句意：5月10日晚21时22分，天舟六号宇宙飞船成功升空。考查介词辨析。in后接年、月、季节等；during在……期间；for后加一段时间；at后接具体时刻。此处指天舟六号在5月10日晚21时22分升空，21:22 pm表具体时刻，其前应加介词at。故选D。26．（2023·海南省直辖县级单位·统考一模）Mary is flying to France. She will arrive ________ Paris ________ the morning of April 28.A．to; on B．in; on C．at; in【答案】B【详解】句意：玛丽很快就要飞往法国了。她将在4月28日上午到达巴黎。考查介词辨析。arrive at+小地点，到达某处；arrive in +大地点（国家、城市），到达某处。 Paris表大地点，应用arrive in。表示具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上，要用介词on；表示泛指的上午、下午、晚上用介词in。 the morning of April 28指具体一天的上午，应用on。故选B。27．（2023·辽宁铁岭·校联考一模）Mingming is taller than me and he sits ________ me in the classroom.A．among B．from C．between D．behind【答案】D【详解】句意：明明比我高，他在教室里坐在我后面。考查介词。among在……中间（三者或三者以上）；from来自；between在……中间（两者）；behind在……后面。根据“Mingming is taller than me”可知，他坐在“我”后面，故选D。28．（2023·云南昆明·统考二模）Giant panda Ya Ya arrived ________ Shanghai Pudong International Airport ________ April 27th, 2023 from Memphis, Tennessee.A．in; in B．on; at C．at; on D．in; on【答案】C【详解】句意：大熊猫丫丫于2023年4月27日从田纳西州孟菲斯市抵达上海浦东国际机场。考查介词辨析。arrive in到达，后接大地点；arrive at到达，后接小地点。上海浦东国际机场是小地点，其前应用at。in后接年、月、季节等；at后接具体时刻；on后接具体某一天。April 27th, 2023指具体的一天，其前应加on。故选C。29．（2023·四川凉山·统考模拟预测）— Last week, all my classmates went to the science museum ________ me. I was in hospital.— What a pity!A．besides B．except C．including【答案】B【详解】句意：——上周，除了我，我所有的同学都去了科学博物馆。我住院了。——多么遗憾！考查介词辨析。besides除了……之外（还）；except除了……之外，不包括；including包括。根据“all my classmates went to the science museum…me”及“I was in hospital”可知，我住院了，所以除了我之外，所有的同学都去了科学博物馆，故选B。30．（2022·甘肃酒泉·校考模拟预测）—Do you know any other foreign languages ________ English?—Yes, I’m also good at Japanese and French.A．besides B．except C．except for D．beside【答案】A【详解】句意：——除了英语，你还会其他外语吗？——是的，我还擅长日语和法语。考查介词。besides除……之外还有，包括除了的对象在内；except除了，不包括除了的对象；except for除了，除了整体中的一部分，常用于对具体细节进行说明；beside在……旁边。根据下文答语“Yes, I’m also good at Japanese and French.”可知，是包括英语在内，问是否知道其他的外语，因此用besides。故选A。二、语法选择（2023·广东广州·华南师大附中校考三模）I have been afraid of water in my whole life. At the age of 34, I didn’t have 31 memory of ever enjoying water. Even walking around the edge of 32 pool was uncomfortable for me. 33 I hid my fear in order to save face, and few people knew 34 .I 35 not forget the last summer 36 I spent with my sister Lori learning swimming. After taking baby steps for many days, I 37 by her down the gentle slope into the pool. She was encouraging me 38 a step deeper, and then another. I had gone 39 several swimming lessons. Every time, when the water 40 my chest, Lori would quickly realize that I was almost to my limit. I breathed a sigh of relief and turned to walk back out the shallow end.“Let’s try going this way.” Lori said.I was shocked as I understood what she meant. She wanted me to walk along the edge of the pool to the opposite end. I saw the blue-painted block numbers. Five and a half feet? No way!“Just try it!” Lori pressed.As the water 41 increased. I moved more and more slowly. As we neared the 42 mark, my progress was 43 difficult that I tried to move forward. I did it! I stood on the floor of the far end of the pool, enjoying cheers and applause from fellow swimmers. Sometimes, 44 deal of all is to walk into something you are afraid of and come out a winner at the end, no matter 45 long it takes to get there.31．A．some B．every C．any D．no32．A．a B．an C．the D．/33．A．Though B．But C．Unless D．If34．A．them B．its C．these D．it35．A．can B．must C．should D．may36．A．when B．who C．that D．where37．A．am led B．lead C．led D．was led38．A．taking B．take C．taken D．to take39．A．for B．away C．through D．by40．A．reaches B．reached C．has reached D．is reaching41．A．depth B．deep C．deeply D．deepen42．A．five foot B．five-feet C．five-foot D．five foot’s43．A．too B．so C．very D．such44．A．big B．bigger C．more bigger D．the biggest45．A．how B．which C．what D．whether【答案】31．C 32．A 33．B 34．D 35．A 36．C 37．D 38．D 39．C 40．B 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．A【导语】本文主要介绍了怕水的作者克服内心的恐惧学习游泳的故事。31．句意：34岁的时候，我没有任何享受水的记忆。some一些，用于肯定句；every每个；any一些，用于否定句；no不。此处是否定句，表示没有任何享受水的记忆，用any。故选C。32．句意：甚至在水池边散步都让我感到不舒服。a不定冠词表泛指，后接以辅音音素开头的单词；an不定冠词表泛指，后接以元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词表特指；/零冠词。此处泛指“一个水池”，pool以辅音音素开头，其前用不定冠词a。故选A。33．句意：但为了面子，我隐瞒了自己的恐惧，很少有人知道。Though尽管；But但是；Unless除非；If如果。前后句意出现转折，用But表转折。故选B。34．句意：但为了面子，我隐瞒了自己的恐惧，很少有人知道。them他们；its它的；these这些；it它。此处用it指代自己怕水这件事。故选D。35．句意：我不能忘记去年夏天和姐姐Lori一起学习游泳。can能够；must必须；should应该；may可能。此处用can not forget表示“不能忘记”。故选A。36．句意：我不能忘记去年夏天和姐姐Lori一起学习游泳。when先行词是时间，在从句中作状语；who先行词是人，在从句中作主语；that先行词指人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；where先行词是地点，在从句中作状语。此处先行词the last summer，虽也表示时间，但在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句。故选C。37．句意：在像婴儿学步好几天之后，我在她的带领下走下了平缓的斜坡，进入游泳池。am led一般现在时的被动语态；lead原形；led过去式；was led一般过去时的被动语态。结合“by her”可知用被动语态，结合“spent”可知用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。38．句意：她鼓励我再深入一步，然后又深入一步。taking动名词或现在分词；take动词原形；taken过去分词；to take动词不定式。encourage sb. to do sth.“鼓励某人做某事”。故选D。39．句意：我经历了几次游泳课程。for为了；away离开；through通过；by通过。go through“经历”，此处指经历了几次游泳课。故选C。40．句意：每次当水到达我的胸部，Lori都会很快意识到我几乎达到了极限。reaches三单；reached过去式；has reached现在完成时；is reaching现在进行时。根据“would”、“breathed”等可知用一般过去时。故选B。41．句意：随着水的深度增加，我的移动越来越慢。depth深度，名词；deep深的，形容词；deeply深地，副词；deepen加深，动词。此处用名词作主语。故选A。42．句意：当我们接近五英尺的标记时，我的进程很困难，我努力向前移动。five foot错误搭配；five-feet错误搭配；five-foot五英尺的；five foot’s错误搭配。此处缺少定语，用five-foot作定语。故选C。43．句意：当我们接近五英尺的标记时，我的进程很困难，我努力向前移动。too太；so如此；very非常；such如此的。根据“... difficult that I tried to move forward”可知空后是形容词，此处用so ... that结构引导结果状语从句。故选B。44．句意：有时，最好的处理方式就是走进你害怕的东西，成功地走出来，无论要花多长时间。big大的；bigger更大的；more bigger错误搭配；the biggest最大的。根据“of all”可知此处用最高级，其前加the。故选D。45．句意：有时，最好的处理方式就是走进你害怕的东西，成功地走出来，无论要花多长时间。how如何；which哪个；what什么；whether是否。how long“多久，多长时间”。故选A。三、语法填空（2023·湖北恩施·统考二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A primary school in rural China has become popular recently. It 46 (provide) free meals for its students.There 47 more than 1,000 teachers and students in Jingwai Mingde Primary School in Xuanwei, Yunnan Province. The school plants 48 (vegetable) and raises pigs and chickens itself. The produce is 49 (use) to feed the students.Each class has a piece of land 50 (plant) vegetables or raise animals. Students do farm work during the class twice a week 51 the help of the teachers.The school has 52 (set) up a greenhouse with fruit trees for students to learn about nature, instead of 53 (listen) to teachers in the classroom. There is also a zoo in the school. It keeps some animals to help students get along with animals.Do the students like the school? Sure, they really enjoy the 54 (color) school life. They can grow vegetables 55 their own, eat healthily and play with animals.【答案】46．provides 47．are 48．vegetables 49．used 50．to plant 51．with 52．set 53．listening 54．colorful 55．on【导语】本文主要介绍了中国农村的一所小学。46．句意：它为学生提供免费膳食。根据前句“A primary school in rural China has become popular recently.”可知本文时态为一般现在时，此处主语“It”为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填provides。47．句意：云南省宣威市京外明德小学现有师生1000余人。根据“There…more than 1,000 teachers and students”可知此处为there be句型，时态是一般现在时，主语“teachers and students”为复数。故填are。48．句意：学校自己种菜、养猪和养鸡。根据“raises pigs and chickens”可知此处指的是自己种菜，当表达的意思是多种多样的蔬菜时，就可以用vegetables，即复数形式。故填vegetables。49．句意：农产品是用来养活学生的。根据“The produce is… to feed the students.”可知考查短语be used to do sth“被用来做某事”，故填used。50．句意：每个班级都有一块地用来种菜或饲养动物。根据“Each class has a piece of land…vegetables or raise animals.”可知此处表示目的，可填动词不定式来表目的，故填to plant。51．句意：学生们在老师的帮助下每周两次在课堂上做农活。with the help of…意为“在……的帮助下”，为固定用法，故填with。52．句意：学校用果树搭建了一个温室，让学生们了解自然，而不是在教室里听老师讲课。根据空前的“has”可知时态为现在完成时，空处应填动词的过去分词，set的过去分词为set。故填set。53．句意：学校用果树搭建了一个温室，让学生们了解自然，而不是在教室里听老师讲课。空前有介词“of”，空处应填动名词，故填listening。54．句意：当然，他们真的很享受丰富多彩的学校生活。根据“Sure, they really enjoy the…school life.”可知，空处应填形容词作定语修饰名词“school life”，color的形容词形式为colorful“丰富多彩的”，故填colorful。55．句意：他们可以自己种菜，吃得健康，还可以和动物玩耍。on one’s own“独自地”，为固定用法，故填on。一、单项选择1．（2023·青海·统考中考真题）The four pandas in Chongqing Zoo were born on the same day _______ 2019.A．on B．at C．in【答案】C【详解】句意：重庆动物园的四只大熊猫于2019年同一天出生。考查时间介词。on后接具体某一天等；at后接具体时刻等；in后接具体年月等。根据“2019”可知此处是在2019年，用介词in。故选C。2．（2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）—________ my surprise, the restaurant is a actually very nice.—The service is also great.A．In B．At C．On D．To【答案】D【详解】句意：——让我惊讶的是，这家餐厅实际上非常好。——服务也很棒。考查介词辨析。in在里面；at在；on在上面；to到。to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”，固定短语，故选D。3．（2023·山东东营·统考中考真题）Bees (蜜蜂) can help plants grow. ________ bees, we wouldn’t have enough food.A．From B．Like C．Except D．Without【答案】D【详解】句意：蜜蜂能帮助植物生长。没有蜜蜂，我们将没有足够的食物。考查介词辨析。From从；Like像；Except除了……之外；Without没有。根据“Bees can help plants grow.”可知，没有蜜蜂，植物生长慢，我们将会没有足够的食物。故选D。4．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）No one helped me. I did it all ________ myself.A．for B．of C．by D．about【答案】C【详解】句意：没有人帮我。这一切都是我一个人做的。考查介词辨析。for为了；of……的；by通过；about关于。根据“No one helped me”可知，此处指“我”独自做的，by oneself“某人自己，独自”。故选C。5．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）Everything begins to grow ________ spring. It’s full of hope.A．in B．on C．at D．for【答案】A【详解】句意：万物在春天开始生长。它充满了希望。考查介词辨析。in后加某年某月某季节；on后加具体的某一天；at后加具体时刻；for后加时间段。根据“spring”可知此处是指季节，应用介词in。故选A。6．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）________ the teacher’s help, I have made much progress.A．Thanks to B．As for C．Such as D．Up to【答案】A【详解】句意：多亏了老师的帮助，我取得了很大的进步。考查短语辨析。Thanks to多亏了；As for至于；Such as例如；Up to多达。根据“the teacher’s help, I have made much progress”可知，多亏了老师的帮助才取得了进步，故选A。7．（2023·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）About 12,000 people took part in the 2023 Suqian Marathon ________ April 2.A．at B．on C．in D．to【答案】B【详解】句意：4月2日，约1.2万人参加了2023宿迁马拉松比赛。考查介词辨析。at后接具体时刻；on后接具体一天；in后接年、月、季节等；to到。April 2指具体的一天，其前应加介词on。故选B。8．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）It’s a good idea to visit Beijing ________ October.A．at B．on C．in D．to【答案】C【详解】句意：在十月份参观北京是个好主意。考查时间介词。at后接具体时刻等；on后接具体某一天等；in后接年月等；to到。根据“October”可知此处表示在十月，用介词in。故选C。9．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）The girl takes her dog for a walk ________ the river every evening.A．in B．along C．over D．under【答案】B【详解】句意：这个女孩每天晚上带着她的狗沿着河边散步。考查介词辨析。in在里面；along沿着；over在上面；under在下面。根据“The girl takes her dog for a walk...the river every evening.”可知，是沿着河边散步，故选B。10．（2023·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）A new bridge was built ________ the Yellow River last year.A．around B．across C．against D．along【答案】B【详解】句意：去年在黄河上建了一座新桥。考查介词辨析。around围绕；across横穿；against反对；along沿着。根据常识可知桥应该是横跨黄河，用across，故选B。11．（2023·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题）Three Shenzhou XV heroes successfully came back to the Earth ________ June 4, 2023.A．at B．on C．in D．until【答案】B【详解】句意：2023年6月4日，三名神舟十五号英雄成功返回地球。考查时间介词的用法。at后接具体的时刻；on后接具体的一天；in后接某年某月某季节；until直到。“June 4, 2023”是具体的一天，空处应填on，故选B。12．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）Look! The traffic light is green. We can go ________ the road now.A．across B．above C．below D．against【答案】A【详解】句意：看！交通灯是绿色的。我们现在可以过马路了。考查介词辨析。across横穿；above在……上方；below在……下方；against反对。根据“Look! The traffic light is green”可知是绿灯，所以可以横穿马路，go across“横穿”，故选A。13．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）The newly-built teaching building provides the students ________ a comfortable learning environment.A．for B．to C．with D．in【答案】C【详解】j句意：新建的教学楼为学生提供了一个舒适的学习环境。考查介词辨析。for为了；to到；with和；in在……里。动词短语provide sb with sth表示“给某人提供某物”。故选C。14．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）The 20th National Congress of the CPC was convened (召开) __________ October 16th, 2022.A．on B．in C．by【答案】A【详解】句意：党的二十大在2022年10月16日召开。考查介词辨析。on用在具体某一天的前面；in后接不具体时间；by到……为止。“October 16th, 2022.”是具体到某一天的时间，其前用介词on。故选A。15．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）It is impolite to speak loudly ________.A．in danger B．in public C．in person【答案】B【详解】句意：在公共场合大声说话是不礼貌的。考查介词短语。in danger处于危险中；in public在公共场合；in person亲自。根据“It is impolite to speak loudly”可知在公共场合大声说话是不礼貌的。故选B。16．（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）— Did Alan and Lily join the art club ________ June 20th, 2023?—Yes, I joined it, too.A．on B．in C．at【答案】A【详解】句意：——阿兰和莉莉是在2023年6月20日加入美术俱乐部的吗？——是的，我也加入了。考查介词辨析。on在具体某天；in在某年、月、季节等；at在某时刻。“June 20th, 2023”具体到6月20日这一天，时间介词用on。故选A。17．（2023·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·统考中考真题）Bills is ________ all the other runners. It seems that he will be the winner.A．next to B．far from C．ahead of【答案】C【详解】句意：比尔跑在所有赛跑者的前面。看来他会是赢家。考查介词短语辨析。next to在旁边；far from远离；ahead of领先。根据“It seems that he will be the winner”可知，他跑在其他人的前面，所以会是赢家，故选C。18．（2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）China launched (发射) Shenzhou-16 manned space ship successfully ________ May 30, 2023.A．at B．on C．in【答案】B【详解】句意：2023年5月30日，中国成功发射神州十六号载人飞船。考查介词辨析。at在，后接具体的时间点；on在，后接具体的某一天；in在，后接年、月等时间段。根据“May 30, 2023”可知2023年5月30日是具有的一天，应用介词on。故选B。19．（2023·福建·统考中考真题）The toy is ________ my little brother. I bought it yesterday.A．for B．from C．by【答案】A【详解】句意：这个玩具是给我弟弟的。我昨天买的。考查介词辨析。for为了；from从；by被。根据“The toy is...my little brother. I bought it yesterday.”可知，玩具是给我弟弟的，故选A。二、语法选择（2023·广东广州·统考中考真题）It was a beautiful spring day in a forest in ancient China. High up in a tree, a mother bird was watching 1 six baby birds come out of the eggs lovingly. Five of them were strong. They chirped loudly. But 2 last one that came out was not strong at all. This little one 3 Little Six. He was weak and quiet. He was not fast enough 4 the worms (虫子) Mama Bird brought back. Little Six ate 5 food, so he was always hungry. And he didn’t like that.Little Six didn’t have a strong body. 6 he had a strong will. He decided 7 he would get stronger. He would do exercises and flap (拍动) his wings every day.Every morning, Little Six would rise 8 the sun even came up. When his brothers and sisters woke, Little Six had already finished all his exercises. Morning after morning, he practiced 9 his wings, and they were getting stronger and stronger. He always got the first worms Mama brought back home.All through the spring, Little Six woke up 10 than his brothers and sisters. Week after week, he worked harder than they did. He 11 eat big meals and did not go hungry any more.After a couple of months, all the baby birds had grown well. Mama Bird brought them together and 12 them to fly. 13 everyone’s surprise, Little Six was the first to start flying!“Chirp! Chirp! 14 at me!” Little Six cried 15 while his brothers and sisters still fought hard, trying to fly up.1．A．she B．her C．hers D．herself2．A．a B．an C．the D．/3．A．called B．was calling C．was called D．were called4．A．get B．got C．getting D．to get5．A．little B．few C．much D．many6．A．and B．but C．because D．so7．A．what B．why C．when D．that8．A．before B．after C．until D．if9．A．flap B．to flap C．flapping D．flapped10．A．early B．earlier C．earliest D．the earliest11．A．could B．might C．should D．must12．A．teach B．teaches C．taught D．will teach13．A．In B．To C．For D．At14．A．Look B．Looks C．To look D．Looking15．A．happy B．happier C．happiness D．happily【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．D【导语】本文主要讲一只小鸟出生就比其他鸟脆弱，后来经过自己不断的努力让自己变得强壮，再也没有挨饿并第一个学会飞翔的故事。1．句意：在一棵高高的树上，一只鸟妈妈正慈爱地看着她的六个鸟宝宝从鸟蛋里孵出来。she她；her她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself她自己。空处修饰“six baby birds”应用形容词性物主代词，故选B。2．句意：但是最后一只鸟出来了，并没有那么强壮。a/an是不定冠词，表示泛指。a用在辅音音素前；an用在元音音素前。the是定冠词，表示特指。此处特指最后一只鸟，用the。故选C。3．句意：这只小鸟被叫做小六。called称呼，过去式；was calling正在叫；was called被叫做，主语是第一人称或单数；were called被叫做，主语是第二人称或复数。此处“This little one”与“call”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是单数。故选C。4．句意：他没有那么快的去拿到鸟妈妈带回来的虫子。get得到，动词原形；got过去式；getting现在分词；to get不定式。enough+to do“足够……去做某事”。故选D。5．句意：小六几乎没有吃到了一点食物，所以他总是很饿。little很少，修饰不可数名词；few很少，修饰可数名词；much很多，修饰不可数名词；many很多，修饰可数名词。根据“so he was always hungry. And he didn’t like that.”可知很饿应是没有吃到食物，修饰food，应用little。故选A。6．句意：小六没有一个强壮的身体，但是他有一个强大的意志。and并且；but但是；because因为；so因此。根据“Little Six didn’t have a strong body....he had a strong will.”可知前后是转折关系，故选B。7．句意：他决心变得更强壮。what什么；why为什么；when什么时候；that那，或作引导词无实意。根据“He decided...he would get stronger.”可知此处是that引导的宾语从句，从句是陈述句用that引导。故选D。8．句意：每天早上小六赶在太阳升起之前起来。before在……之前；after在……之后；until直到；if如果。根据“...the sun even came up.”可知是在太阳升起之前起来。故选A。9．句意：每天早上，日复一日，他练习拍打他的翅膀，并且它们变得越来越强壮了。flap拍打，动词原形；to flap不定式；flapping现在分词；flapped过去式或过去分词。practiced doing sth“练习做某事”。故选C。10．句意：整个春天，小六比其他的哥哥姐姐们醒来的更早。early早，副词原形；earlier比较级；earliest最高级；the earliest最高级。根据“than his brothers and sisters.”可知是比较级，故选B。11．句意：他能够吃掉大餐，再也没有挨饿了。could能够；might可能；should应该；must必须。根据“...eat big meals and did not go hungry any more.”可知是能吃掉大餐。故选A。12．句意：鸟妈妈把他们放到一起，并教他们飞翔。teach教；teaches三单形式；taught过去式；will teach一般将来时。根据“brought”可知时态是过去式。故选C。13．句意：令每只鸟都吃惊的是，小六是第一个开始飞的。In在……里面；To到；For为了；At在。to one’s surprise“令某人吃惊的是”。故选B。14．句意：“吱吱！吱吱！看我” 小六开心地叫道。Look看，动词原形；Looks三单形式；To look不定式；Looking现在分词。此处是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。15．句意：小六开心地叫道，而他的哥哥姐姐们还仍然在努力的尝试着来飞翔。happy开心的，形容词原级；happier更开心的，比较级；happiness名词；happily开心地，副词。空处修饰cried用副词形式，故选D。
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