2023年上海市虹口区高三上学期高考一模英语试卷含详解

这是一份2023年上海市虹口区高三上学期高考一模英语试卷含详解，共37页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
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1. A. In a schl. B. In a gas statin. C. In a hspital. D. In a garage.
2. A. At 9:30. B. At 9:40. C. At 10:09. D. At 10:39.
3. A. Planning a sprts event. B. Writing up lcal news.
C. Reading a newspaper. D. Putting up advertisements.
4. A. It is luxurius. B. It is satisfactry. C. It is cmpetitive. D. It is disappinting.
5. A. He has had t many hlidays this year. B. He isn’t in the md t travel.
C. Phuket is t far fr a family hliday. D. Family hlidays n lnger interest him.
6. A. His grandma is quite fnd f the dress.
B. The salad and dressing tastes very gd.
C. The salad and dressing can’t match his grandma’s.
D. His grandma can’t make delicius salad with dressing.
7. A. She is the speakers’ bss. B. She is nt at hme this Saturday.
C. She is nt easy-ging. D. She seldm invites peple t her hme.
8. A. The wman desn’t like Serbia. B. The wman has been t Serbia.
C. The wman is planning a trip t Serbia. D. The wman has n idea abut Serbia.
9. A. Live with Jane and Sphie.
B. Ask Sphie abut her accmmdatin.
C. Invite Vivian t be her rmmate.
D. Share a rm with Jane.
10. A. The plane will leave at 3:20. B. The plane’s departure time remains unknwn.
C. The man has just missed his flight. D. The man is at a wrng check in cunter.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the passages and the cnversatin. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11 A. 64 years. B. 59 years. C. 56 years. D. 46 years.
12. A. Develping better health care systems. B. Ging thrugh the Cvid 19 crisis.
C. Easing the burden t the health services. D. Lwering the public health budgets.
13. A. WHO’s effective wrk in Africa.
B. Develpment f new health plicies.
C. Measures t lift peple frm pverty.
D. Suggestins fr public health effrts in Africa.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14. A. Quitting t talk t smene. B. Leaving the ffice withut telling anyne.
C. Abandning extra wrk duties. D. Stpping wrrying abut wrk perfrmance.
15. A. Firing the trubled emplyees quietly. B. Frgetting abut inactive wrkers.
C. Creating a better cmmunicatin culture. D. Building a direct system f pushing messages.
16. A. Reasns behind an ffice culture. B. Slutins t a wrkplace cnflict.
C. Tips fr a successful jb interview. D. Steps f building a lively cmmunity.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17. A. Wrking n his paper. B. Thinking f a prfessr.
C. Taking a nap. D. Lking fr a reference bk.
18. A. It is cmplicating. B. It is bring.
C. It is inspiring. D. It is challenging.
19. A. A student gave a lecture n American Revlutin.
B. The prfessr failed t answer a student’s questin.
C. The prfessr shwed his mastery f American histry.
D. A student was asked a tugh questin by the prfessr.
20. A. Prfessr Rivers thinks highly f Prfessr Andersn.
B. Prfessr Rivers is interested in wmen’s studies.
C. Prfessr Rivers knws little in this area.
D. Prfessr Rivers has a lt f spare time.
II. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Runners and Cyclists Use GPS Mapping t Make Art
Fitness apps and the pwer f live satellite tracking have allwed runners, cyclists and thers t draw hearts, animals, birthday wishes — and even hmages t Vermeer — acrss their lcal landscapes.
In 1665, Jhannes Vermeer dabbed (轻涂) the last drp f paint nt a canvas (帆布) in his Dutch studi, ___1___ (cmplete) his masterpiece “Girl with a Pearl Earring.” On an April day 357 years later, Janine Strng slwed her bike t stp, paused her fitness app, and watched as the snaking line f her cycling rute ___2___ (draw) the shape f Vermeer’s masterpiece ver the streets f Brklyn.
Ms. Strng creates ___3___ has cme t be knwn as “GPS art” — a practice ___4___ uses the Glbal Psitining System mapping capabilities f mdern phne apps like Strava t create digital drawings using an athlete’s rute acrss the landscape. ___5___ f biking n a straight path r in circles arund a park, Ms. Strng plans her rides in the shapes f birthday cakes, stars, birds, lins — and the ccasinal Vermeer.
The hbby has grwn with the widespread availability f satellite tracking fr use by rdinary peple, in fitness apps like Nike Run Club r MapMyRide. It is nw a ppularity n Strava ften ___6___ (refer) t as “Strava art.”
Strava art has existed since that app’s release in 2009, but it experienced a sudden increase in use during the pandemic (疫情). Accrding t Michael Jseph, a senir cmmunicatins manager at the cmpany, mre than three billin activities ___7___ (uplad) t Strava since the beginning f 2020.
T cmplete her digital visin f “Girl with a Pearl Earring,” Ms. Strng biked almst 50 miles arund suthern Brklyn, carefully checking Strava ___8___ (make) sure that each turn, circle, and straightaway was achieving the icnic earring and head cvering f Vermeer’s riginal. “I always have a big smile n my face ___9___ it wrks ut and I uplad it and it’s dne,” she said. “It’s a far ___10___ (satisfying) feeling.”
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Outdr Play Benefits Kids’ Mental Restratin
Many f the psychlgical benefits f utdr play are already well established. Our brains ____11____ in natural landscapes, and ur perceptual (感知的) systems are particularly well suited t wild utdr spaces.
This means that natural scenes prvide the perfect level f ____12____, which is thught t help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily distractable. Supprting this thery, ne study fund that children with attentin-deficit hyperactivity disrder (ADHD) were better able t ____13____ fllwing a 20-minute walk in the park, cmpared t a 20-minute walk n the streets f a well-kept urban area. Being expsed t grass and trees seemed t have had a beneficial effect n their minds. The authrs recmmended using such “dses (剂量) f nature” as a safe and ____14____ way f supprting children with ADHD, alngside ther tls.
Besides these ____15____ effects, utdr play can ffer valuable learning experiences. Fr example, playing with mud r sand can help children develp the way their senses and mvement ____16____, which allws the child t gradually understand his r her bdily signals.
Such activities — away frm the huse r classrm — may als help children t find ways t cpe with emtins that may be hard t ____17____ in ther envirnments. S-called “sand tray therapy”, which invlves using sand and clay t express ne’s thughts and feelings, is an accepted frm f cunselling fr children wh are struggling t ____18____ their emtinal state.
When it cmes t the child’s physical health, the mst bvius advantage f utdr play may be the exercise. A child may find it easier t build up strength and endurance in a large pen space resulting in a(n) ____19____ risk f verweight, accrding t ne study led by Elizabeth Gershff, prfessr f human develpment and family sciences at the University f Texas at Austin, US.
The latest findings, hwever, suggest there culd be a(n) ____20____ f ther advantages t playing in natural envirnments — and the secret may be alive in the mud itself.
III. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Des a reassuring tuch n the back bring yu cmfrt during a tugh day? A new study finds, when it cmes t tuching, peple aren’t even ____21____ abut wh’s ding it. Researchers in Germany say the tuch f a humanid (人形的) rbt makes peple ____22____ and mre likely t fllw their requests.
Instead f being ____23____ n ther humans, researchers are hping that ne day rbts may be able t fulfill the rles f therapists, persnal trainers, and even life caches. Their study fllws the widespread increase f tuch ____24____ during the COVID-19 pandemic. Several studies have pinted ut hw physical distancing and islatin is creating a variety f negative effects that increase feelings f stress, depressin, and anxiety.
In this research, 48 students engaged in a cnversatin with NAO – a prgrammable research rbt. During the curse, fr sme participants, the rbt briefly and seemingly randmly ____25____ the back f the participant’s hand.
This differed frm the design f ther studies, which have relied n ____26____ tuch. In respnse t the rbt’s tuch, mst participants smiled and laughed, and nne ____27____. Results shw thse wh were tuched were mre likely t ____28____ the rbt urging them t shw interest in a particular academic curse discussed during the cnversatin. Participants als reprted a better ____29____ state after the rbt’s tap n the hand. ____30____, students wh were tuched were mre likely t give the rbt a higher scre fr physical attractiveness (althugh these participants still nly rated pr NAO a 2.5 ut f 5 n average).
“A rbt’s nn-functinal tuch ____31____ t humans,” Laura Hffmann frm Ruhr University and her team write. “Slightly tapping human participants’ hands during a cnversatin resulted in better feelings and mre cmpliance (依从) t the request f a humanid rbt.”
“It is remarkable that simple and brief tap n the back f participants’ hands shwed such an effect. Invlving mre cmplex and ____32____ tuching frm a rbt might increase engagement and cmpliance.”
As the researchers argue, this small study – ne f the first t examine the ____33____ f rbt-initiated tuch – suggests that thrugh the use f cmfrting tuches, rbt therapists culd better ____34____ patients t engage in healthy activities such as exercise. Hwever, they cautin that much abut human-rbt ____35____ are cmplex, with there still mre t be learned abut the difference between human and rbt tuch.
21. A. curiusB. crazyC. pickyD. certain
22. A. happierB. freerC. mre stressedD. mre frightened
23. A. hardB. dependentC. impressedD. based
24. A. cmpletinB. frmatinC. imaginatinD. starvatin
25. A. watchedB. pattedC. cleanedD. blcked
26. A. human-initiatedB. time-pressedC. technique-basedD. gal-riented
27. A. made utB. thught backC. pulled awayD. set ff
28. A. lk verB. g alng withC. take ffD. stand up against
29. A. physicalB. emtinalC. financialD. scial
30. A. HweverB. TherefreC. FurthermreD. Still
31. A. mattersB. seesC. relatesD. gets
32. A. warmerB. lngerC. mre friendlyD. mre frceful
33. A. theryB. histryC. trendD. ptential
34. A. warnB. persuadeC. frceD. cntrl
35. A. similaritiesB. cnflictsC. cnstructinsD. interactins
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
I knw peple wh say they dn’t watch televisin, and I always nd and agree. Reading requires intelligence, and televisin is merely entertainment, right?
I’m ging t Sctland this year, and three different peple tld me I must watch “Outlander” befre I g, which is like “Game f Thrnes” fr fans f rmance nvels. I watched the first fur hurlng episdes back t back. When I std up frm the cuch I felt sick, and it wasn’t just the ckies, ppcrn and peanut butter sandwiches I’d had withut nticing. It was dark utside, and I felt ashamed. I had spent half a day n the cuch. Research fr Sctland? Nt exactly.
A few days later I had a library bk due: The Natinal Bk Award winner The Friend, by Sigrid Nunez. I needed t finish it, s I read the last half straight thrugh. I was absrbed in Nunez’s New Yrk City, wrrying abut the herin’s career and her future. I finished the bk with tears in my eyes and std up feeling, well, great.
I had wasted anther fur hurs n my cuch. I hadn’t eaten as much junk fd because I needed my hands free—and nt sticky—s I culd turn pages and return the bk t the library relatively clean, but I hadn’t mved and nce again it was dark utside. Why did I feel s much better and guilt-free?
All the research says reading a bk is gd fr yu. It reduces stress, prmtes cmprehensin and imaginatin, relieves depressin, helps yu sleep and may cntribute t preventing Alzheimer’s. The act f physically turning a page creates a mmentary pause fr understanding t sink in. Our brains have t wrk t translate the black squiggles (弯弯曲曲的线条) n the page int wrds and then interpret the meaning and intent f thse wrds. When a character is described as tall with brwn hair, a reader creates her wn picture. TV takes all that imaginatin away.
But there’s a lt f gd TV nw. I’d like t say the answer t TV versus bks must be, as Aristtle said, “Mderatin in all things,” thugh he never had a televisin r a cmputer and had t read his scrlls (长卷纸) by candlelight. I agree that t much televisin is bad fr yu. I knw I feel better if I read, but it wn’t stp me frm watching t: My secnd DVD f “Outlander” has just arrived, and as sn as I get this essay dne, the rest f my day is free.
36. By “I always nd and agree” (paragraph 1), the authr implies that _______.
A. she shuld be plite t get the cnversatin t g n
B. she is reluctant t admit that she watches televisin
C. she believes thse wh say they dn’t watch TV
D. she desn’t think highly f TV either
37. The phrase “back t back” (paragraph 2) is clsest in meaning t “_______”.
A. frm mrning till nightB. ne after anther withut a break
C. leaning against the back f the cuchD. lking at the ppsite directin
38. The authr felt better after reading The Friend than watching “Outlander”, mst prbably because _______.
A. she didn’t feel hungry fr any snacks
B. the TV series gt her t cancel her trip t Sctland
C. the televisin series was n mre attractive than the bk
D. she regarded reading as mre rewarding than watching TV
39. What can be cncluded frm all the research intrduced in paragraph 5?
A. Reading is active while watching TV is passive.
B. Reading invlves physical exercises while watching TV desn’t.
C. Reading stimulates the brain t cncentrate while watching TV desn’t.
D. Reading is gd fr ne’s mental health while watching TV is bad fr it.
(B)
Guidelines fr Pster Presentatins
Date: Friday 28 Octber
Time: 1300-14.20 (Presenters are required t be by their psters by 12.55 sharp.)
Pster Sessin Frmat
- The pster sessin is a self-explanatry exhibit where the presenter(s) is/are available fr ne-n-ne discussin.
- All the in-persn pster presentatins will take place simultaneusly (同时进行的). See belw fr specific details f nline pster presentatins.
Pster design and Layut
- Each pster shuld measure abut 90×120cm (36×48 inches).
- The texts and illustratins shuld be readable frm 150cm (abut 5 feet) away.
- Psters can be hand-written r printed in clur/black and white.
Set-up and Remval
- Psters will be displayed by fixing them n bards/walls prvided. Yu will be given the necessary tls t carry ut this task.
- Presenters are required t hang their psters during the lunch break (12:00-13:00) n Friday 28 Octber and remve them after the sessin (14:20).
- Presenters are respnsible fr the set-up and remval f their wn psters. Staff will als be in the pster area t assist yu.
- Each pster presentatin will be numbered in the prgramme schedule. Pster numbers will als be shwn n the display bards. Make sure the pster is fixed under the crrect number.
- Playing f lud audi r vide clips is nt allwed, keeping in mind the nise level in the hall.
Fr nline pster presentatins:
- Once yur pster is ready, take a gd picture f it and send it t us at least ne week befre the cnference. We’ll take a print ut f this and display it like the ther psters. This will help the audience in the Hall in Chennai t lk at them befre they can lg int yur presentatin at the assigned time.
- During pster presentatin whever wuld like t interact with yu will lg int yur sessin. This will be fr the entire duratin f the presentatin with brief explanatins and Q&A interspersed (穿插) with each ther. Participants can mve arund t ther pster presentatins during this perid, bth nline and in-persn.
40. Accrding t the guidelines, the psters have t be _______.
A. handwritten n paper in black and white
B. hung n the walls f a specific area in the hall
C. easily recgnizable frm five meters away
D. numbered by an n-site staff member
41. Which f the fllwing is a specific requirement fr nline pster presenters?
A. They shuld remain nline fr the entire 100 minutes.
B. They shuld get ready fr presentatin at exactly12:55.
C. They need t send an e-versin f their psters t the rganizer.
D. They will be required t give explanatins r answer questins.
42. The passage is meant fr _______.
A. peple wh have unslved questins t cnsult abut
B. peple wh are interested in visiting an exhibitin
C. peple wh are skilled at making gd psters
D. peple wh want t exhibit their psters
(C)
Much like beauty, art is in the eye f the behlder. The artwrk we are attracted t can give insight int ur persnality, such as whether we are t quick r t slw, calm r mdy. Studies int art preferences date back t the 1930s — mst f them examining the extent t which peple like r dislike different paintings. Research shws that a persn’s interest in art is mre strngly related t certain persnality traits than t scial class, age, r gender.
In particular, a persnality trait called “penness” is the best predictr f whether individuals are interested in art. On the ther side, thse wh identify as “cnscientius (一丝不苟的)”, are ften less drawn t the arts. These traits are part f the Big Five, a widely accepted persnality thery based n nearly a century f research.
The mdel claims that each persnality is cmpsed f a cmbinatin f five cre traits: penness, cnscientiusness, extrversin (enjying being with ther peple), agreeableness (being pleasant) and neurticism (feeling wrried and nervus). Rather than stating a persn as being either shy r utging, the Big Five Mdel believes that everyne lies smewhere between the tw extremes.
Persnality traits may als affect the way peple visually scan art. A 2018 study tracked participants’ eye mvements as they studied abstract artwrk. The majrity f participants cncentrated n the upper-right part. This makes sense, as the right half f the brain is specialized fr visual and spatial prcessing, and als plays a significant rle in prcessing the emtins that art draws ut. Hwever, participants wh tended tward neurticism fcused n the left side f the picture, and thse with mental disease paid mre attentin t the bttm f the picture.
Even with the impressive amunt f research int the relatinship between peple’s persnality traits and their lve fr art, there are still hles in the theries. Fr instance, sme scientists claim that the Big Five Mdel desn’t translate acrss cultures and is mainly targeted tward thse living in develped natins. Als, mst studies have fcused n tw-dimensinal art, like paintings, and haven’t yet captured differing preferences fr the variety f media that exist arund the wrld. Then there’s the fact that ur art preferences change ver time and are infrmed by ur ages, relatinships and life experiences.
Peple’s preferences fr art are nearly as cmplicated as art itself. But if yu’re lking fr a quick test f smene’s general persnality traits, it desn’t hurt t glance at what’s hanging n their walls.
43. Which f the fllwing is the best illustratin f “art is in the eye f the behlder” in paragraph 1?
A. We judge a piece f art based n whether it is cnsidered beautiful.
B. The beauty f a piece f artwrk depends n its quality and price.
C. The wner f the artwrk is the ne wh lves it the mst.
D. Whether an artwrk is appealing is a subjective matter.
44. The shadwed area in each f the fllwing pictures is the part a persn fcuses n when enjying an abstract painting. Accrding t the 2018 study, which best illustrates the perceptin f a persn wh tends t be in anxiety?
A. B.
C. D.
45. What can be inferred frm the passage abut the Big Five Mdel?
A. It is a glbally accepted measuring system.
B. Everyne can fit int ne f the five categries.
C. There is much evidence f scientific studies t back it.
D. It can explain the change in ur art preference ver time.
46. What is the best title f this passage?
A. What des yur taste in art say abut yu?
B. Hw t reveal ne’s persnality traits?
C Why d we like the artwrk we like?
D. Hw t discver yur art preference?
Sectin C
Directins: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Scial Engineering
When using scial media, many users may nt be thinking f the scial engineering implicatins that can arise with t much ver-sharing f persnal infrmatin. Hwever, what peple share in psts can paint a very vivid picture f a persn – which can then be misused by hackers.
“____47____ Scial engineering is the number ne cause f mst spiteful data breaches (泄露),” said Rger Grimes, data-driven defense specialist at cyber security firm KnwBe4. “Nthing else is even clse, percentage-wise,” Grimes warned, “Nearly every rganizatin culd best imprve their cyber security defense plans if they fcused far mre n reducing the likelihd f scial engineering. N ther single defense culd d mre t prtect an rganizatin against hacking and malware (恶意软件).”
“Every rganizatin shuld lk t see what they can imprve in their defense-in-depth plan (e.g., plicies, technical defenses, and educatin) t defeat scial engineering. It is because almst n rganizatin apprpriately fcuses the necessary resurces and training against scial engineering that allws hackers and malware t be s lng-term successful. ____48____”
The security experts warn that even in the cntext f “scial media,” users shuldn’t let their guard dwn. ____49____ “As individuals, we are aware f the persnal threats psed by cyber attacks directed against us,” suggested Erfan, cyber security expert at data security Cmfrte AG. “T avid being victimized, it’s best t perate under the mindset that digital ftprints exist everywhere and can never be cmpletely wiped ut.”
“As members f businesses and rganizatins, we knw that enterprise data is always a tempting target fr hackers,” Erfan cntinued. “____50____ Preventing attacks and breaches is nt 100 percent fl-prf, s we can nly hpe that big techs have instituted the measures f data-centric security applied directly t data in case that sensitive infrmatin falls int the wrng hands.”
A. In fact, this is where users shuld actually adpt a mre cautius attitude.
B. The recent attack against Twitter shuld underscre the need fr data-centric security.
C. Fr develpers, this vulnerability als shws there’s still a need fr prper input validatin and ensure that any request is authrized.
D. Hackers lve that defenders are distracted and dn’t fcus apprpriate resurces n the number ne threat.
E. Organizatins shuld make a jint effrt t prtect the sensitive data frm explitatin.
F. This is just ne mre example f the success f scial engineering used by hackers.
IV. Summary Writing
51. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Are Oceans Silent?
Mst sea creatures, frm whales and dlphins t fish, sharks and shrimps, respnd t sund, and many can prduce it. They use it t hunt and t hide, find mates and fd, send messages and give warnings, establish territries, warn ff cmpetitrs, cnfuse their targets, deceive enemies, and sense changes in water and cnditins. Marine animals click bnes, grind teeth and belch gases (磨牙打嗝); use special rgans t make varius nises. Far frm the ‘silent deep’, the ceans are s nisy.
Int this age-lng cnfused nise in the blink f an evlutinary eye, has entered a new thunder: the trembling sund f mighty engines as 46,220 large ships passed the wrld’s shipping curses. Scientists say that backgrund nise in the cean has increased rughly by 15 decibels (分贝) in the past 50 years. It may nt sund like much in verall terms, but it is enugh, accrding t many marine bilgists, t mask the nrmal sunds f cean life ging abut its business. At its mst intense, sme even say nise causes whales t becme disriented, dlphins t suffer frm ‘the bends’, fish t g deaf, leave their breeding grunds r fail t frm grups—enugh t disrganize the basic bilgy f tw thirds f the planet.
“Undersea nise pllutin is like the death f a thusand cuts”, says Sylvia Earie, chief scientist f the U.S. Natinal Oceanic and Atmspheric Administratin. “Each sund in itself may nt be a matter f critical cncern, but taken all tgether, the nise frm shipping, earthquake-related surveys, and military activity is creating a ttally different envirnment than existed even 50 years ag. That high level f nise is bund t have a hard, sweeping impact n life in the sea.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
52. 如果你不是真的对这个比赛感兴趣，何必费口舌打听呢？（bther）（汉译英）
53. 尤其令人担心的是现如今如何保护方言成了老大难问题。(t…t) (汉译英)
54. 这支五人登山队被困野外时间越久，生还希望就越是渺茫。(survival) (汉译英)
55. 漫步这古典园林中，四处可见各式木门，它们图纹各异，形式活泼，别具特色。(hang) (汉译英)
VI. Guided Writing
56. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
明启中学拟举办一次摄影展。现就布展方式（校图书馆或校园网站）征集学生意见。假设你是王磊，请给学生会写一封邮件表达你的想法。你的邮件必须满足以下要求：
1. 简述你写邮件的目的及你对布展方式的选择；
2. 说明你的理由（从体验感、互动性或影响力等方面对这两种布展方式进行对比）。
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听力答案：1-10CBCDD BADCB 11-20CAD CCB CBBC
英语
I. Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. A. In a schl. B. In a gas statin. C. In a hspital. D. In a garage.
2. A. At 9:30. B. At 9:40. C. At 10:09. D. At 10:39.
3. A. Planning a sprts event. B. Writing up lcal news.
C. Reading a newspaper. D. Putting up advertisements.
4. A. It is luxurius. B. It is satisfactry. C. It is cmpetitive. D. It is disappinting.
5. A. He has had t many hlidays this year. B. He isn’t in the md t travel.
C. Phuket is t far fr a family hliday. D. Family hlidays n lnger interest him.
6. A. His grandma is quite fnd f the dress.
B. The salad and dressing tastes very gd.
C. The salad and dressing can’t match his grandma’s.
D. His grandma can’t make delicius salad with dressing.
7. A. She is the speakers’ bss. B. She is nt at hme this Saturday.
C. She is nt easy-ging. D. She seldm invites peple t her hme.
8. A. The wman desn’t like Serbia. B. The wman has been t Serbia.
C. The wman is planning a trip t Serbia. D. The wman has n idea abut Serbia.
9. A. Live with Jane and Sphie.
B. Ask Sphie abut her accmmdatin.
C. Invite Vivian t be her rmmate.
D. Share a rm with Jane.
10. A. The plane will leave at 3:20. B. The plane’s departure time remains unknwn.
C. The man has just missed his flight. D. The man is at a wrng check in cunter.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the passages and the cnversatin. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11. A. 64 years. B. 59 years. C. 56 years. D. 46 years.
12. A. Develping better health care systems. B. Ging thrugh the Cvid 19 crisis.
C. Easing the burden t the health services. D. Lwering the public health budgets.
13. A. WHO’s effective wrk in Africa.
B. Develpment f new health plicies.
C. Measures t lift peple frm pverty.
D. Suggestins fr public health effrts in Africa.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14. A. Quitting t talk t smene. B. Leaving the ffice withut telling anyne.
C. Abandning extra wrk duties. D. Stpping wrrying abut wrk perfrmance.
15. A. Firing the trubled emplyees quietly. B. Frgetting abut inactive wrkers.
C. Creating a better cmmunicatin culture. D. Building a direct system f pushing messages.
16. A. Reasns behind an ffice culture. B. Slutins t a wrkplace cnflict.
C. Tips fr a successful jb interview. D. Steps f building a lively cmmunity.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17. A. Wrking n his paper. B. Thinking f a prfessr.
C. Taking a nap. D. Lking fr a reference bk.
18. A. It is cmplicating. B. It is bring.
C. It is inspiring. D. It is challenging.
19. A. A student gave a lecture n American Revlutin.
B. The prfessr failed t answer a student’s questin.
C. The prfessr shwed his mastery f American histry.
D. A student was asked a tugh questin by the prfessr.
20. A. Prfessr Rivers thinks highly f Prfessr Andersn.
B. Prfessr Rivers is interested in wmen’s studies.
C. Prfessr Rivers knws little in this area.
D. Prfessr Rivers has a lt f spare time.
II. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Runners and Cyclists Use GPS Mapping t Make Art
Fitness apps and the pwer f live satellite tracking have allwed runners, cyclists and thers t draw hearts, animals, birthday wishes — and even hmages t Vermeer — acrss their lcal landscapes.
In 1665, Jhannes Vermeer dabbed (轻涂) the last drp f paint nt a canvas (帆布) in his Dutch studi, ___1___ (cmplete) his masterpiece “Girl with a Pearl Earring.” On an April day 357 years later, Janine Strng slwed her bike t stp, paused her fitness app, and watched as the snaking line f her cycling rute ___2___ (draw) the shape f Vermeer’s masterpiece ver the streets f Brklyn.
Ms. Strng creates ___3___ has cme t be knwn as “GPS art” — a practice ___4___ uses the Glbal Psitining System mapping capabilities f mdern phne apps like Strava t create digital drawings using an athlete’s rute acrss the landscape. ___5___ f biking n a straight path r in circles arund a park, Ms. Strng plans her rides in the shapes f birthday cakes, stars, birds, lins — and the ccasinal Vermeer.
The hbby has grwn with the widespread availability f satellite tracking fr use by rdinary peple, in fitness apps like Nike Run Club r MapMyRide. It is nw a ppularity n Strava ften ___6___ (refer) t as “Strava art.”
Strava art has existed since that app’s release in 2009, but it experienced a sudden increase in use during the pandemic (疫情). Accrding t Michael Jseph, a senir cmmunicatins manager at the cmpany, mre than three billin activities ___7___ (uplad) t Strava since the beginning f 2020.
T cmplete her digital visin f “Girl with a Pearl Earring,” Ms. Strng biked almst 50 miles arund suthern Brklyn, carefully checking Strava ___8___ (make) sure that each turn, circle, and straightaway was achieving the icnic earring and head cvering f Vermeer’s riginal. “I always have a big smile n my face ___9___ it wrks ut and I uplad it and it’s dne,” she said. “It’s a far ___10___ (satisfying) feeling.”
【答案】1. cmpleting
2. drew 3. what
4. that##which
5. Instead 6. referred
7. have been upladed
8. t make 9. when##as##after
10. mre satisfying
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是跑步者和骑自行车的人用GPS地图来创作艺术。
【1题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1665年，Jhannes Vermeer在他荷兰工作室的画布上涂抹了最后一滴颜料，完成了他的杰作《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》。句中谓语是dabbed，空格处用非谓语动词，Jhannes Vermeer和cmplete之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填cmpleting。
【2题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：357年后的一个4月的一天，Janine Strng放慢自行车的速度停下来，暂停了健身应用程序，看着她骑自行车时蜿蜒的路线在布鲁克林的街道上勾勒出Vermeer这幅杰作的形状。as引导的是时间状语从句，由“On an April day 357 years later”可知，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填drew。
【3题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：Ms. Strng创作了所谓的“GPS艺术”——利用Strava等现代手机应用程序的全球定位系统(GPS)绘图功能，根据运动员穿越地形的路线绘制数字图形。“has cme t be knwn as “GPS art””是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，句子表示“Ms. Strng创作了所谓的“GPS艺术””，因此空格处用what引导宾语从句，故填what。
【4题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Ms. Strng创作了所谓的“GPS艺术”——利用Strava等现代手机应用程序的全球定位系统绘图功能，根据运动员穿越地形的路线绘制数字图形。空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词practice是物，因此空格处用关系代词that/which引导定语从句，故填that或which。
【5题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：Ms. Strng不会沿着笔直的小路骑行，也不会在公园里绕圈骑行，她把自行车设计成生日蛋糕、星星、小鸟、狮子的形状，偶尔还会画上Vermeer的画。由“f biking n a straight path r in circles arund a park, Ms. Strng plans her rides in the shapes f birthday cakes, stars, birds, lins — and the ccasinal Vermeer”可知，句子表示“Ms. Strng不会沿着笔直的小路骑行，也不会在公园里绕圈骑行”，空格处意为“代替，而不是”，是固定短语instead f，空格处是instead，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Instead。
【6题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它现在在Strava很受欢迎，通常被称为“Strava艺术”。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，ppularity和refer t之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词，表被动，作后置定语，故填referred。
【7题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：据该公司高级通信经理Michael Jseph称，自2020年初以来，已有超过30亿项活动上传到Strava。由“since the beginning f 2020”可知，句子时态用现在完成时，活动是被上传，因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态，have/has been dne，主语activities是复数，因此空格处是have been upladed。故填have been upladed。
【8题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了完成《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》（Girl with a Pearl Earring）的数字视觉，Ms. Strng在Brklyn南部骑行了近50英里，仔细检查Strava，确保每一个转弯、每一圈、每一秒都能达到Vermeer原作中标志性的耳环和头巾。由“carefully checking Strava”可知，Ms. Strng仔细检查Strava的目的是确保每一个转弯、每一圈、每一秒都能达到Vermeer原作中标志性的耳环和头巾，空格处用不定式，表目的，故填t make。
【9题详解】
考查时间状语从句。句意：她说：“当我上传成功后，我脸上总是挂着灿烂的微笑。”由“it wrks ut and I uplad it and it’s dne”可知，句子表示“当我上传成功后，我脸上总是挂着灿烂的微笑”，空格处意为“当……的时候”，用when/as引导时间状语从句；句子也可理解为“我上传成功后，我脸上总是挂着灿烂的微笑”，空格处意为“在……之后”，用after引导时间状语从句，因此空格处应用when/as/after引导从句。故填when/as/after。
【10题详解】
考查比较级。句意：这是一种更令人满意的感觉。far修饰比较级，satisfying的比较级是mre satisfying。故填mre satisfying。
Sectin B
Directins: Fill in each blank with a prper wrd chsen frm the bx. Each wrd can be used nly nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Outdr Play Benefits Kids’ Mental Restratin
Many f the psychlgical benefits f utdr play are already well established. Our brains ____11____ in natural landscapes, and ur perceptual (感知的) systems are particularly well suited t wild utdr spaces.
This means that natural scenes prvide the perfect level f ____12____, which is thught t help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily distractable. Supprting this thery, ne study fund that children with attentin-deficit hyperactivity disrder (ADHD) were better able t ____13____ fllwing a 20-minute walk in the park, cmpared t a 20-minute walk n the streets f a well-kept urban area. Being expsed t grass and trees seemed t have had a beneficial effect n their minds. The authrs recmmended using such “dses (剂量) f nature” as a safe and ____14____ way f supprting children with ADHD, alngside ther tls.
Besides these ____15____ effects, utdr play can ffer valuable learning experiences. Fr example, playing with mud r sand can help children develp the way their senses and mvement ____16____, which allws the child t gradually understand his r her bdily signals.
Such activities — away frm the huse r classrm — may als help children t find ways t cpe with emtins that may be hard t ____17____ in ther envirnments. S-called “sand tray therapy”, which invlves using sand and clay t express ne’s thughts and feelings, is an accepted frm f cunselling fr children wh are struggling t ____18____ their emtinal state.
When it cmes t the child’s physical health, the mst bvius advantage f utdr play may be the exercise. A child may find it easier t build up strength and endurance in a large pen space resulting in a(n) ____19____ risk f verweight, accrding t ne study led by Elizabeth Gershff, prfessr f human develpment and family sciences at the University f Texas at Austin, US.
The latest findings, hwever, suggest there culd be a(n) ____20____ f ther advantages t playing in natural envirnments — and the secret may be alive in the mud itself.
【答案】11. E 12. J
13. C 14. A
15. I 16. H
17. F 18. K
19. D 20. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是户外玩耍对孩子心理恢复的好处。
【11题详解】
考查动词。句意：我们的大脑在自然景观中进化，我们的感知系统特别适合野外户外空间。由“in natural landscapes, and ur perceptual (感知的) systems are particularly well suited t wild utdr spaces”可知，此处表示“我们的大脑在自然景观中进化”，空格处意为“进化”，是evlve，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式。故选E。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：这意味着自然场景提供了完美的刺激水平，这被认为可以帮助大脑在疲劳和容易分心时充电。由上文“ur perceptual (感知的) systems are particularly well suited t wild utdr spaces”和下文“which is thught t help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily distractable”可知，这意味着自然场景提供了完美的刺激水平，这被认为可以帮助大脑在疲劳和容易分心时充电，空格处意为“刺激”，用名词stimulatin作宾语。故选J。
【13题详解】
考查动词。句意：支持这一理论的一项研究发现，患有注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的儿童在公园散步20分钟后，比在维护良好的城市地区的街道上散步20分钟更能集中注意力。由上文“help recharge the brain when it is tired and easily distractable”和“children with attentin-deficit hyperactivity disrder”可知，此处表示“患有注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的儿童在公园散步20分钟后，比在维护良好的城市地区的街道上散步20分钟更能集中注意力”。故选C。
【14题详解】
考查形容词。句意：作者建议使用这种“自然剂量”作为一种安全易行的方式来支持患有多动症的儿童，以及其他工具。由上文“Being expsed t grass and trees”可知，让孩子接触草地和树木是一种安全易行的方式，空格处意为“易得到的”，用形容词accessible作定语，修饰名词way。故选A。
【15题详解】
考查形容词。句意：除了这些恢复性作用，户外游戏还能提供宝贵的学习经验。由上文“children with attentin-deficit hyperactivity disrder (ADHD) were better able t ____3____ fllwing a 20-minute walk in the park”可知，此处表示儿童去公园散步有恢复性的作用，空格处意为“恢复性的”，用形容词restrative作定语，修饰名词effects。故选I。
【16题详解】
考查动词。句意：例如，玩泥巴或沙子可以帮助孩子发展他们的感官和运动相互作用的方式，这让孩子逐渐理解他或她的身体信号。由下文“which allws the child t gradually understand his r her bdily signals”可知，玩泥巴或沙子可以帮助孩子发展他们的感官和运动相互作用的方式，这让孩子逐渐理解他或她的身体信号，空格处意为“相互作用”，是interact，“their senses and mvement __6__”是定语从句，描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语“their senses and mvement”是复数，因此空格处用动词原形。故选H。
【17题详解】
考查动词。句意：这些远离房子或教室的活动也可以帮助孩子们找到应对情绪的方法，这些情绪在其他环境中可能很难探索。由下文“S-called “sand tray therapy”, which invlves using sand and clay t express ne’s thughts and feelings”可知，句子表示“这些远离房子或教室的活动也可以帮助孩子们找到应对情绪的方法，这些情绪在其他环境中可能很难探索”，空格处意为“探索”，是explre，be hard t d意为“很难做某事”，空格处用动词原形。故选F。
【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：所谓的“沙盘疗法”，就是用沙子和粘土来表达自己的想法和感受，是一种为难以用语言表达自己情绪状态的儿童提供咨询的公认形式。由上文“S-called “sand tray therapy”, which invlves using sand and clay t express ne’s thughts and feelings”可知，所谓的“沙盘疗法”，就是用沙子和粘土来表达自己的想法和感受，是一种为难以用语言表达自己情绪状态的儿童提供咨询的公认形式，空格处意为“用词语表达”，是verbalise，struggle t d是固定短语，意为“尽力做某事”，因此空格处是动词原形。故选K。
【19题详解】
考查形容词。句意：美国德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校人类发展与家庭科学教授Elizabeth Gershff领导的一项研究表明，孩子在开阔的空间里更容易锻炼力量和耐力，从而降低超重的风险。由上文“find it easier t build up strength and endurance”可知，孩子在开阔的空间里更容易锻炼力量和耐力，因此会降低超重的风险，空格处意为“降低的”，用形容词reduced作定语，修饰名词risk。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：然而，最新的研究结果表明，在自然环境中玩耍还有很多其他的好处，而秘密可能就在泥土中。由下文“ther advantages t playing in natural envirnments”可知，在自然环境中玩耍还有很多其他的好处，观察选项可知，空格处用hst，a hst f意为“许多”。故选G。
III. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Des a reassuring tuch n the back bring yu cmfrt during a tugh day? A new study finds, when it cmes t tuching, peple aren’t even ____21____ abut wh’s ding it. Researchers in Germany say the tuch f a humanid (人形的) rbt makes peple ____22____ and mre likely t fllw their requests.
Instead f being ____23____ n ther humans, researchers are hping that ne day rbts may be able t fulfill the rles f therapists, persnal trainers, and even life caches. Their study fllws the widespread increase f tuch ____24____ during the COVID-19 pandemic. Several studies have pinted ut hw physical distancing and islatin is creating a variety f negative effects that increase feelings f stress, depressin, and anxiety.
In this research, 48 students engaged in a cnversatin with NAO – a prgrammable research rbt. During the curse, fr sme participants, the rbt briefly and seemingly randmly ____25____ the back f the participant’s hand.
This differed frm the design f ther studies, which have relied n ____26____ tuch. In respnse t the rbt’s tuch, mst participants smiled and laughed, and nne ____27____. Results shw thse wh were tuched were mre likely t ____28____ the rbt urging them t shw interest in a particular academic curse discussed during the cnversatin. Participants als reprted a better ____29____ state after the rbt’s tap n the hand. ____30____, students wh were tuched were mre likely t give the rbt a higher scre fr physical attractiveness (althugh these participants still nly rated pr NAO a 2.5 ut f 5 n average).
“A rbt’s nn-functinal tuch ____31____ t humans,” Laura Hffmann frm Ruhr University and her team write. “Slightly tapping human participants’ hands during a cnversatin resulted in better feelings and mre cmpliance (依从) t the request f a humanid rbt.”
“It is remarkable that simple and brief tap n the back f participants’ hands shwed such an effect. Invlving mre cmplex and ____32____ tuching frm a rbt might increase engagement and cmpliance.”
As the researchers argue, this small study – ne f the first t examine the ____33____ f rbt-initiated tuch – suggests that thrugh the use f cmfrting tuches, rbt therapists culd better ____34____ patients t engage in healthy activities such as exercise. Hwever, they cautin that much abut human-rbt ____35____ are cmplex, with there still mre t be learned abut the difference between human and rbt tuch.
21. A. curiusB. crazyC. pickyD. certain
22. A. happierB. freerC. mre stressedD. mre frightened
23. A. hardB. dependentC. impressedD. based
24. A. cmpletinB. frmatinC. imaginatinD. starvatin
25. A. watchedB. pattedC. cleanedD. blcked
26. A. human-initiatedB. time-pressedC. technique-basedD. gal-riented
27. A. made utB. thught backC. pulled awayD. set ff
28. A. lk verB. g alng withC. take ffD. stand up against
29. A. physicalB. emtinalC. financialD. scial
30 A. HweverB. TherefreC. FurthermreD. Still
31. A. mattersB. seesC. relatesD. gets
32. A. warmerB. lngerC. mre friendlyD. mre frceful
33. A. theryB. histryC. trendD. ptential
34. A. warnB. persuadeC. frceD. cntrl
35. A. similaritiesB. cnflictsC. cnstructinsD. interactins
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是一项新的研究发现，当涉及到触摸时，人们甚至不会挑剔谁在触摸。德国研究人员表示，与人形机器人的接触会让人更快乐，也更愿意听从机器人的要求。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一项新的研究发现，当涉及到触摸时，人们甚至不会挑剔谁在触摸。A. curius好奇的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. picky挑剔的；D. certain确定的。根据下文“Researchers in Germany say the tuch f a humanid (人形的) rbt makes peple ____2____ and mre likely t fllw their requests”可知，当涉及到触摸时，人们甚至不会挑剔谁在触摸。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：德国研究人员表示，与人形机器人的接触会让人更快乐，也更愿意听从机器人的要求。A. happier更快乐的；B. freer更自由的；C. mre stressed感到更大压力的；D. mre frightened更害怕的。根据下文“Slightly tapping human participants’ hands during a cnversatin resulted in better feelings and mre cmpliance (依从) t the request f a humanid rbt”可知，与人形机器人的接触会让人更快乐，也更愿意听从机器人的要求。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究人员希望有一天机器人可以扮演治疗师、私人教练甚至生活教练的角色，而不是依赖于其他人。A. hard困难的；B. dependent依赖的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. based（以某事）为基础的，为根据的。根据下文“researchers are hping that ne day rbts may be able t fulfill the rles f therapists, persnal trainers, and even life caches”可知，研究人员希望有一天机器人可以扮演治疗师、私人教练甚至生活教练的角色，而不是依赖于其他人。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的研究是在COVID-19大流行期间对触摸的渴望普遍增加之后进行的。A. cmpletin完成；B. frmatin组成；C. imaginatin想象力；D. starvatin饥饿。根据下文“Several studies have pinted ut hw physical distancing and islatin is creating a variety f negative effects that increase feelings f stress, depressin, and anxiety”可知，在COVID-19大流行期间人们渴望触摸，空格处用starvatin表示“渴望”。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这个过程中，对于一些参与者来说，机器人会短暂地、似乎是随机地拍他们的手背。A. watched观看；B. patted拍打；C. cleaned清洁；D. blcked堵塞。根据第9空后的“rbt’s tap n the hand”可知，机器人会短暂地、似乎是随机地拍他们的手背。故选B。
26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这与其他研究的设计不同，其他研究依赖于人类主动的触摸。A. human-initiated人类触发的；B. time-pressed时间紧迫的；C. technique-based基于技术的；D. gal-riented面向目标的。根据下文“this small study – ne f the first t examine the ____13____ f rbt-initiated tuch”可知，这个研究和其他研究不同，其他研究依赖于人类主动的触摸，空格处意为“人类触发的”。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于机器人的触摸，大多数参与者都笑了笑，没有人离开。A. made ut辨认出；B. thught back回想；C. pulled away离开；D. set ff出发。根据下文“Results shw thse wh were tuched were mre likely t ____8____ the rbt urging them t shw interest in a particular academic curse discussed during the cnversatin”可知，对于机器人的触摸，大多数参与者都笑了笑，没有人离开，故选C。
28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：结果显示，那些被触摸过的人更有可能同意机器人的要求，让他们对对话中讨论的特定学术课程表现出兴趣。A. lk ver检查；B. g alng with赞同；C. take ff起飞；D. stand up against反对。根据下文“Slightly tapping human participants’ hands during a cnversatin resulted in better feelings and mre cmpliance (依从) t the request f a humanid rbt”可知，那些被触摸过的人更有可能同意机器人的要求。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：参与者还报告说，机器人轻拍他们的手后，他们的情绪状态有所改善。A. physical身体的；B. emtinal情绪的；C. financial金融的；D. scial社会的。根据下文“Slightly tapping human participants’ hands during a cnversatin resulted in better feelings and mre cmpliance (依从) t the request f a humanid rbt”可知，机器人轻拍他们的手后，他们的情绪状态有所改善。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，被触摸过的学生更有可能给机器人的外表吸引力打更高的分（尽管这些参与者仍然只给可怜的NAO打了平均2.5分（满分5分））。A. Hwever然而；B. Therefre因此；C. Furthermre此外；D. Still仍然。根据下文“students wh were tuched were mre likely t give the rbt a higher scre fr physical attractiveness”可知，空后内容是补充说明的，空格处是“此外”。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“机器人的非功能性触摸对人类很重要，”Ruhr大学的Laura Hffmann和她的团队写道。A. matters重要；B. sees看见；C. relates联系；D. gets得到。根据下文“Slightly tapping human participants’ hands during a cnversatin resulted in better feelings and mre cmpliance (依从) t the request f a humanid rbt”可知，机器人的非功能性触摸对人类很重要。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让机器人进行更复杂、更长时间的触摸，可能会提高用户的参与度和依从性。A. warmer更温暖的；B. lnger更长的；C. mre friendly更友好的；D. mre frceful更有力的。根据上文“Slightly tapping human participants’ hands during a cnversatin resulted in better feelings and mre cmpliance (依从) t the request f a humanid rbt”和下文“might increase engagement and cmpliance”可知，让机器人进行更复杂、更长时间的触摸，可能会提高用户的参与度和依从性。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如研究人员所言，这项小型研究是首次检验机器人发起的触摸潜力的研究之一，它表明，通过使用舒适的触摸，机器人治疗师可以更好地说服患者参与健康活动，如锻炼。A. thery理论；B. histry历史；C. trend趋势；D. ptential潜能。根据下文“f rbt-initiated tuch”可知，这项小型研究是首次检验机器人发起的触摸潜力的研究之一。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如研究人员所言，这项小型研究是首次检验机器人发起的触摸潜力的研究之一，它表明，通过使用舒适的触摸，机器人治疗师可以更好地说服患者参与健康活动，如锻炼。A. warn警告；B. persuade说服；C. frce强迫；D. cntrl控制。根据上文“Slightly tapping human participants’ hands during a cnversatin resulted in better feelings and mre cmpliance (依从) t the request f a humanid rbt”可知，机器人治疗师可以更好地说服患者参与健康活动。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他们警告说，人与机器人之间的互动很复杂，关于人与机器人触摸之间的区别还有更多需要了解的地方。A. similarities相同点；B. cnflicts矛盾；C. cnstructins建造，建筑；D. interactins互动。根据下文“human and rbt tuch”可知，此处表示“人与机器人之间的互动很复杂”。故选D。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
I knw peple wh say they dn’t watch televisin, and I always nd and agree. Reading requires intelligence, and televisin is merely entertainment, right?
I’m ging t Sctland this year, and three different peple tld me I must watch “Outlander” befre I g, which is like “Game f Thrnes” fr fans f rmance nvels. I watched the first fur hurlng episdes back t back. When I std up frm the cuch I felt sick, and it wasn’t just the ckies, ppcrn and peanut butter sandwiches I’d had withut nticing. It was dark utside, and I felt ashamed. I had spent half a day n the cuch. Research fr Sctland? Nt exactly.
A few days later I had a library bk due: The Natinal Bk Award winner The Friend, by Sigrid Nunez. I needed t finish it, s I read the last half straight thrugh. I was absrbed in Nunez’s New Yrk City, wrrying abut the herin’s career and her future. I finished the bk with tears in my eyes and std up feeling, well, great.
I had wasted anther fur hurs n my cuch. I hadn’t eaten as much junk fd because I needed my hands free—and nt sticky—s I culd turn pages and return the bk t the library relatively clean, but I hadn’t mved and nce again it was dark utside. Why did I feel s much better and guilt-free?
All the research says reading a bk is gd fr yu. It reduces stress, prmtes cmprehensin and imaginatin, relieves depressin, helps yu sleep and may cntribute t preventing Alzheimer’s. The act f physically turning a page creates a mmentary pause fr understanding t sink in. Our brains have t wrk t translate the black squiggles (弯弯曲曲的线条) n the page int wrds and then interpret the meaning and intent f thse wrds. When a character is described as tall with brwn hair, a reader creates her wn picture. TV takes all that imaginatin away.
But there’s a lt f gd TV nw. I’d like t say the answer t TV versus bks must be, as Aristtle said, “Mderatin in all things,” thugh he never had a televisin r a cmputer and had t read his scrlls (长卷纸) by candlelight. I agree that t much televisin is bad fr yu. I knw I feel better if I read, but it wn’t stp me frm watching t: My secnd DVD f “Outlander” has just arrived, and as sn as I get this essay dne, the rest f my day is free.
36. By “I always nd and agree” (paragraph 1), the authr implies that _______.
A. she shuld be plite t get the cnversatin t g n
B. she is reluctant t admit that she watches televisin
C. she believes thse wh say they dn’t watch TV
D. she desn’t think highly f TV either
37. The phrase “back t back” (paragraph 2) is clsest in meaning t “_______”.
A. frm mrning till nightB. ne after anther withut a break
C. leaning against the back f the cuchD. lking at the ppsite directin
38. The authr felt better after reading The Friend than watching “Outlander”, mst prbably because _______.
A. she didn’t feel hungry fr any snacks
B. the TV series gt her t cancel her trip t Sctland
C. the televisin series was n mre attractive than the bk
D. she regarded reading as mre rewarding than watching TV
39. What can be cncluded frm all the research intrduced in paragraph 5?
A. Reading is active while watching TV is passive.
B. Reading invlves physical exercises while watching TV desn’t.
C. Reading stimulates the brain t cncentrate while watching TV desn’t.
D. Reading is gd fr ne’s mental health while watching TV is bad fr it.
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. D 39. A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过对比看四个小时的电视和书所带来的不同感觉来说明看书的好处。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。“I always nd and agree”的字面意思是“我总是点头表示同意”，根据第一段的“Reading requires intelligence, and televisin is merely entertainment(阅读需要智力，而电视仅仅是娱乐)”可知，作者说“I always nd and agree”暗示了作者对电视也评价不高，故选D。
【37题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“When I std up frm the cuch I felt sick, and it wasn’t just the ckies, ppcrn and peanut butter sandwiches I’d had withut nticing. It was dark utside, and I felt ashamed. I had spent half a day n the cuch.(当我从沙发上站起来的时候，我觉得不舒服，这不仅仅是因为我不知不觉吃了饼干、爆米花和花生酱三明治。外面很黑，我感到很惭愧。我在沙发上躺了半天。)”可知，作者在沙发上不停地看电视，也就是一集一集地不停地看，“back t back”意为“一个接一个，没有休息”，即ne after anther withut a break，故选B。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的“All the research says reading a bk is gd fr yu. It reduces stress, prmtes cmprehensin and imaginatin, relieves depressin, helps yu sleep and may cntribute t preventing Alzheimer’s. The act f physically turning a page creates a mmentary pause fr understanding t sink in. Our brains have t wrk t translate the black squiggles (弯弯曲曲的线条) n the page int wrds and then interpret the meaning and intent f thse wrds.(所有的研究都表明读书对你有好处。它可以减轻压力，促进理解和想象力，缓解抑郁，帮助睡眠，并可能有助于预防阿尔茨海默氏症。翻页的动作会让你有片刻的停顿来理解。我们的大脑必须工作，把书页上的黑色涂鸦翻译成文字，然后解释这些文字的含义和意图。)”可知，作者在看完The Friend后感觉比看“Outlander”好多了，很可能是因为她认为读书比看电视更有意义，故选D。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段的“The act f physically turning a page creates a mmentary pause fr understanding t sink in. Our brains have t wrk t translate the black squiggles (弯弯曲曲的线条) n the page int wrds and then interpret the meaning and intent f thse wrds. When a character is described as tall with brwn hair, a reader creates her wn picture. TV takes all that imaginatin away.(翻页的动作会让你有片刻的停顿来理解。我们的大脑必须工作，把书页上的黑色涂鸦翻译成文字，然后解释这些文字的含义和意图。当一个人物被描述为高个子、棕色头发时，读者就会创造出自己的形象。电视剥夺了所有的想象力。)”可知，从第5段介绍的所有研究中可以得出的结论是阅读是主动的，而看电视是被动的。故选A。
(B)
Guidelines fr Pster Presentatins
Date: Friday 28 Octber
Time: 13.00-14.20 (Presenters are required t be by their psters by 12.55 sharp.)
Pster Sessin Frmat
- The pster sessin is a self-explanatry exhibit where the presenter(s) is/are available fr ne-n-ne discussin.
- All the in-persn pster presentatins will take place simultaneusly (同时进行的). See belw fr specific details f nline pster presentatins.
Pster design and Layut
- Each pster shuld measure abut 90×120cm (36×48 inches).
- The texts and illustratins shuld be readable frm 150cm (abut 5 feet) away.
- Psters can be hand-written r printed in clur/black and white.
Set-up and Remval
- Psters will be displayed by fixing them n bards/walls prvided. Yu will be given the necessary tls t carry ut this task.
- Presenters are required t hang their psters during the lunch break (12:00-13:00) n Friday 28 Octber and remve them after the sessin (14:20).
- Presenters are respnsible fr the set-up and remval f their wn psters. Staff will als be in the pster area t assist yu.
- Each pster presentatin will be numbered in the prgramme schedule. Pster numbers will als be shwn n the display bards. Make sure the pster is fixed under the crrect number.
- Playing f lud audi r vide clips is nt allwed, keeping in mind the nise level in the hall.
Fr nline pster presentatins:
- Once yur pster is ready, take a gd picture f it and send it t us at least ne week befre the cnference. We’ll take a print ut f this and display it like the ther psters. This will help the audience in the Hall in Chennai t lk at them befre they can lg int yur presentatin at the assigned time.
- During pster presentatin whever wuld like t interact with yu will lg int yur sessin. This will be fr the entire duratin f the presentatin with brief explanatins and Q&A interspersed (穿插) with each ther. Participants can mve arund t ther pster presentatins during this perid, bth nline and in-persn.
40. Accrding t the guidelines, the psters have t be _______.
A. handwritten n paper in black and white
B. hung n the walls f a specific area in the hall
C. easily recgnizable frm five meters away
D. numbered by an n-site staff member
41. Which f the fllwing is a specific requirement fr nline pster presenters?
A. They shuld remain nline fr the entire 100 minutes.
B. They shuld get ready fr presentatin at exactly12:55.
C. They need t send an e-versin f their psters t the rganizer.
D. They will be required t give explanatins r answer questins.
42. The passage is meant fr _______.
A. peple wh have unslved questins t cnsult abut
B. peple wh are interested in visiting an exhibitin
C. peple wh are skilled at making gd psters
D. peple wh want t exhibit their psters
【答案】40. B 41. C 42. D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，是一份海报展示指南。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据Set-up and Remval部分的“Psters will be displayed by fixing them n bards/walls prvided.(海报将通过固定在提供的板/墙上来展示。)”和“Presenters are required t hang their psters during the lunch break (12:00-13:00) n Friday 28 Octber and remve them after the sessin (14:20).(展示者须于10月28日（星期五）午膳时间（12:00-13:00）悬挂海报，并于会后（14:20）取下海报。)”可知，根据这些指南，海报必须挂在大厅特定区域的墙上，故选B。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fr nline pster presentatins:部分的“Once yur pster is ready, take a gd picture f it and send it t us at least ne week befre the cnference.(一旦你的海报准备好了，拍一张好的照片，并在会议前至少一周发给我们。)”可知，对在线海报展示者的具体要求是他们需要向组织者发送电子版本的海报。故选C。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据Fr nline pster presentatins:部分的“Once yur pster is ready, take a gd picture f it and send it t us at least ne week befre the cnference. We’ll take a print ut f this and display it like the ther psters. This will help the audience in the Hall in Chennai t lk at them befre they can lg int yur presentatin at the assigned time.(一旦你的海报准备好了，拍一张好的照片，并在会议前至少一周发给我们。我们把它打印出来，像其他海报一样展示出来。这将帮助金奈大厅的观众在指定时间登录到您的演示之前查看它们。)”可知，本文是给想要进行海报展示的人所写的，故选D。
(C)
Much like beauty, art is in the eye f the behlder. The artwrk we are attracted t can give insight int ur persnality, such as whether we are t quick r t slw, calm r mdy. Studies int art preferences date back t the 1930s — mst f them examining the extent t which peple like r dislike different paintings. Research shws that a persn’s interest in art is mre strngly related t certain persnality traits than t scial class, age, r gender.
In particular, a persnality trait called “penness” is the best predictr f whether individuals are interested in art. On the ther side, thse wh identify as “cnscientius (一丝不苟的)”, are ften less drawn t the arts. These traits are part f the Big Five, a widely accepted persnality thery based n nearly a century f research.
The mdel claims that each persnality is cmpsed f a cmbinatin f five cre traits: penness, cnscientiusness, extrversin (enjying being with ther peple), agreeableness (being pleasant) and neurticism (feeling wrried and nervus). Rather than stating a persn as being either shy r utging, the Big Five Mdel believes that everyne lies smewhere between the tw extremes.
Persnality traits may als affect the way peple visually scan art. A 2018 study tracked participants’ eye mvements as they studied abstract artwrk. The majrity f participants cncentrated n the upper-right part. This makes sense, as the right half f the brain is specialized fr visual and spatial prcessing, and als plays a significant rle in prcessing the emtins that art draws ut. Hwever, participants wh tended tward neurticism fcused n the left side f the picture, and thse with mental disease paid mre attentin t the bttm f the picture.
Even with the impressive amunt f research int the relatinship between peple’s persnality traits and their lve fr art, there are still hles in the theries. Fr instance, sme scientists claim that the Big Five Mdel desn’t translate acrss cultures and is mainly targeted tward thse living in develped natins. Als, mst studies have fcused n tw-dimensinal art, like paintings, and haven’t yet captured differing preferences fr the variety f media that exist arund the wrld. Then there’s the fact that ur art preferences change ver time and are infrmed by ur ages, relatinships and life experiences.
Peple’s preferences fr art are nearly as cmplicated as art itself. But if yu’re lking fr a quick test f smene’s general persnality traits, it desn’t hurt t glance at what’s hanging n their walls.
43. Which f the fllwing is the best illustratin f “art is in the eye f the behlder” in paragraph 1?
A. We judge a piece f art based n whether it is cnsidered beautiful.
B. The beauty f a piece f artwrk depends n its quality and price.
C. The wner f the artwrk is the ne wh lves it the mst.
D. Whether an artwrk is appealing is a subjective matter.
44. The shadwed area in each f the fllwing pictures is the part a persn fcuses n when enjying an abstract painting. Accrding t the 2018 study, which best illustrates the perceptin f a persn wh tends t be in anxiety?
A. B.
C. D.
45. What can be inferred frm the passage abut the Big Five Mdel?
A. It is a glbally accepted measuring system.
B. Everyne can fit int ne f the five categries.
C. There is much evidence f scientific studies t back it.
D. It can explain the change in ur art preference ver time.
46. What is the best title f this passage?
A. What des yur taste in art say abut yu?
B. Hw t reveal ne’s persnality traits?
C. Why d we like the artwrk we like?
D. Hw t discver yur art preference?
【答案】43. D 44. C 45. C 46. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是研究表明，一个人对艺术的兴趣与某些个性特征的关系更大，而不是与社会阶层、年龄或性别的关系。
【43题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段的“The artwrk we are attracted t can give insight int ur persnality, such as whether we are t quick r t slw, calm r mdy.(吸引我们的艺术作品可以洞察我们的个性，比如我们是太快还是太慢，冷静还是情绪化。)”可知，对艺术的喜爱能反映我们的个性，因此“art is in the eye f the behlder”的意思是“一件艺术品是否吸引人是一个主观问题”，故选D。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“Hwever, participants wh tended tward neurticism fcused n the left side f the picture, and thse with mental disease paid mre attentin t the bttm f the picture.(然而，倾向于神经过敏的参与者关注的是图片的左侧，而患有精神疾病的参与者则更多地关注图片的底部。)”可知，一个处于焦虑状态的人会关注图片的左侧和底部，故选C。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“These traits are part f the Big Five, a widely accepted persnality thery based n nearly a century f research.(这些特质是“Big Five”的一部分。“Big Five”是基于近一个世纪的研究而被广泛接受的人格理论。)”可知，有很多科学研究的证据支持Big Five Mdel这一观点。故选C。
【46题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The artwrk we are attracted t can give insight int ur persnality, such as whether we are t quick r t slw, calm r mdy. Studies int art preferences date back t the 1930s — mst f them examining the extent t which peple like r dislike different paintings. Research shws that a persn’s interest in art is mre strngly related t certain persnality traits than t scial class, age, r gender.(吸引我们的艺术作品可以洞察我们的个性，比如我们是太快还是太慢，冷静还是情绪化。关于艺术偏好的研究可以追溯到20世纪30年代，大多数研究都是调查人们对不同绘画作品的喜欢或不喜欢程度。研究表明，一个人对艺术的兴趣与某些个性特征的关系更大，而不是与社会阶层、年龄或性别的关系。)”可知，本文主要讲的是研究表明，一个人对艺术的兴趣与某些个性特征的关系更大，而不是与社会阶层、年龄或性别的关系，因此最好的题目是A选项“What des yur taste in art say abut yu?(你的艺术品味说明了关于你的什么？)”，故选A。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Scial Engineering
When using scial media, many users may nt be thinking f the scial engineering implicatins that can arise with t much ver-sharing f persnal infrmatin. Hwever, what peple share in psts can paint a very vivid picture f a persn – which can then be misused by hackers.
“____47____ Scial engineering is the number ne cause f mst spiteful data breaches (泄露),” said Rger Grimes, data-driven defense specialist at cyber security firm KnwBe4. “Nthing else is even clse, percentage-wise,” Grimes warned, “Nearly every rganizatin culd best imprve their cyber security defense plans if they fcused far mre n reducing the likelihd f scial engineering. N ther single defense culd d mre t prtect an rganizatin against hacking and malware (恶意软件).”
“Every rganizatin shuld lk t see what they can imprve in their defense-in-depth plan (e.g., plicies, technical defenses, and educatin) t defeat scial engineering. It is because almst n rganizatin apprpriately fcuses the necessary resurces and training against scial engineering that allws hackers and malware t be s lng-term successful. ____48____”
The security experts warn that even in the cntext f “scial media,” users shuldn’t let their guard dwn. ____49____ “As individuals, we are aware f the persnal threats psed by cyber attacks directed against us,” suggested Erfan, cyber security expert at data security Cmfrte AG. “T avid being victimized, it’s best t perate under the mindset that digital ftprints exist everywhere and can never be cmpletely wiped ut.”
“As members f businesses and rganizatins, we knw that enterprise data is always a tempting target fr hackers,” Erfan cntinued. “____50____ Preventing attacks and breaches is nt 100 percent fl-prf, s we can nly hpe that big techs have instituted the measures f data-centric security applied directly t data in case that sensitive infrmatin falls int the wrng hands.”
A. In fact, this is where users shuld actually adpt a mre cautius attitude.
B. The recent attack against Twitter shuld underscre the need fr data-centric security.
C. Fr develpers, this vulnerability als shws there’s still a need fr prper input validatin and ensure that any request is authrized.
D. Hackers lve that defenders are distracted and dn’t fcus apprpriate resurces n the number ne threat.
E. Organizatins shuld make a jint effrt t prtect the sensitive data frm explitatin.
F This is just ne mre example f the success f scial engineering used by hackers.
【答案】47. F 48. D 49. A 50. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了社交工程是大多数恶意数据泄露的头号原因，并表达了大型技术公司制定以数据为中心的安全措施的必要性。
【47题详解】
上文“Hwever, what peple share in psts can paint a very vivid picture f a persn — which can then be misused by hackers. (然而，人们在帖子中分享的内容可以描绘出一个人非常生动的形象——这可能会被黑客滥用。)”在讲述人们在帖子中分享的内容可能会被黑客滥用；下文“Scial engineering is the number ne cause f mst spiteful data breaches (泄露), said Rger Grimes, data-driven defense specialist at cyber security firm KnwBe4. (社交工程是大多数恶意数据泄露的头号原因，网络安全公司KnwBe4的数据驱动防御专家Rger Grimes说。)”在讲述社交工程是大多数恶意数据泄露的头号原因；选项F“This is just ne mre example f the success f scial engineering used by hackers. (这只是黑客利用社交工程取得成功的又一个例子。)”在讲述黑客利用社交工程取得成功，承接了上文所述的黑客滥用人们在帖子中分享的内容，表明了这是黑客利用社交工程取得成功的又一个例子，同时引出了下文对于社交工程是大多数恶意数据泄露的头号原因的表述，故选项F符合语境；故选F项。
【48题详解】
上文“It is because almst n rganizatin apprpriately fcuses the necessary resurces and training against scial engineering that allws hackers and malware t be s lng-term successful. (这是因为几乎没有一个组织恰当地将必要的资源和培训集中在对抗社交工程上，使得黑客和恶意软件能够获得如此长期的成功。)”在讲述几乎没有组织将必要的资源和培训集中在对抗社交工程上；选项D “Hackers lve that defenders are distracted and dn’t fcus apprpriate resurces n the number ne threat (黑客喜欢防御者分心，不把适当的资源集中在头号威胁上。)”在讲述黑客喜欢防御者不把资源集中在头号威胁上，与上文所述内容主旨一致，都意在表示因为防御者不将资源集中对抗头号威胁，导致黑客和恶意软件获得长期成功，故选项D符合语境；故选D项。
【49题详解】
上文“The security experts warn that even in the cntext f “scial media,” users shuldn’t let their guard dwn. (安全专家警告说，即使是在“社交媒体”的背景下，用户也不应该放松警惕。)”在讲述即使在“社交媒体”的背景下，用户也不应该放松警惕；选项A“In fact, this is where users shuld actually adpt a mre cautius attitude. (事实上，这正是用户应该采取更谨慎态度的地方)”在讲述用户在某种情况下应该采取更谨慎的态度，承接了上文所述内容，即在“社交媒体”的背景下，用户应该采取更谨慎态度，故选项A符合语境；故选A项。
【50题详解】
上文““As members f businesses and rganizatins, we knw that enterprise data is always a tempting target fr hackers,” Erfan cntinued. (“作为企业和组织的成员，我们知道企业数据一直是黑客的诱人目标，”Erfan继续说道。)”在讲述企业数据一直是黑客的目标；下文“Preventing attacks and breaches is nt 100 percent fl-prf, s we can nly hpe that big techs have instituted the measures f data-centric security applied directly t data in case that sensitive infrmatin falls int the wrng hands. (防止攻击和入侵并不是百分之百万无一失的，所以我们只能希望大型科技公司已经制定了以数据为中心的安全措施，直接应用于数据，以防敏感信息落入不法分子之手。)”在讲述大型科技公司要制定以数据为中心的安全措施；选项B“The recent attack against Twitter shuld underscre the need fr data-centric security. (最近针对Twitter的攻击应该强调以数据为中心的安全的必要性。)”在讲述强调以数据为中心的安全的重要性，是针对上文所述现象所要采取的措施，同时引出下文对于以数据为中心的安全措施的具体阐述，故选项B符合语境；故选B项。
IV. Summary Writing
51. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Are Oceans Silent?
Mst sea creatures, frm whales and dlphins t fish, sharks and shrimps, respnd t sund, and many can prduce it. They use it t hunt and t hide, find mates and fd, send messages and give warnings, establish territries, warn ff cmpetitrs, cnfuse their targets, deceive enemies, and sense changes in water and cnditins. Marine animals click bnes, grind teeth and belch gases (磨牙打嗝); use special rgans t make varius nises. Far frm the ‘silent deep’, the ceans are s nisy.
Int this age-lng cnfused nise, in the blink f an evlutinary eye, has entered a new thunder: the trembling sund f mighty engines as 46,220 large ships passed the wrld’s shipping curses. Scientists say that backgrund nise in the cean has increased rughly by 15 decibels (分贝) in the past 50 years. It may nt sund like much in verall terms, but it is enugh, accrding t many marine bilgists, t mask the nrmal sunds f cean life ging abut its business. At its mst intense, sme even say nise causes whales t becme disriented, dlphins t suffer frm ‘the bends’, fish t g deaf, leave their breeding grunds r fail t frm grups—enugh t disrganize the basic bilgy f tw thirds f the planet.
“Undersea nise pllutin is like the death f a thusand cuts”, says Sylvia Earie, chief scientist f the U.S. Natinal Oceanic and Atmspheric Administratin. “Each sund in itself may nt be a matter f critical cncern, but taken all tgether, the nise frm shipping, earthquake-related surveys, and military activity is creating a ttally different envirnment than existed even 50 years ag. That high level f nise is bund t have a hard, sweeping impact n life in the sea.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Oceans are never silent as marine creatures mstly prduce varius sunds t g abut their businesses. Nw ceans are getting even nisier as humans d mre activities there. The resulting nise is lud enugh t change the envirnment and exercise a disturbing impact n marine life.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海洋里不平静的原因是生物会发出各种声音去进行它们自己的事情，随着人类在海洋中的活动越来越多，海洋也变得越来越嘈杂，由此产生的噪音污染对生物产生了不良的影响。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Marine animals can prduce varius nises, making the cean nisy.
②There are varius nises made by human behavirs.
③Undersea nise pllutin cause a disturbing impact n marine life.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
The ceans are s nisy that they are far frm the ‘silent deep’.
Mst sea creatures, frm whales and dlphins t fish, sharks and shrimps, nt nly respnd t sund, but als can prduce it.
That high level f nise is bund t have a hard, sweeping influence n marine animals.
【点睛】[高分句型1]：Scientists say that backgrund nise in the cean has increased rughly by 15 decibels (分贝) in the past 50 years.运用了一个复杂的主从复合句作为事实佐证了第二段的论点。其中that引导的宾语从句表达高级。
[高分句型2]：Marine animals click bnes, grind teeth and belch gases (磨牙打嗝); use special rgans t make varius nises. 运用了并列的动词短语是对第一段的论点进行的举例说明。其中并列短语和不定式做目的状语的运用表达高级。
V. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
52. 如果你不是真的对这个比赛感兴趣，何必费口舌打听呢？（bther）（汉译英）
【答案】Why bther asking if yu are nt really interested in the match?/Why bther t ask if yu are nt really interested in the match?
【详解】考查固定搭配、条件状语从句。表示“费心做某事”可用固定搭配bther ding (已做)，或bther t d (未做)；表示“打听”可用ask；表示“如果你不是真的对这个比赛感兴趣”可用if yu are nt really interested in the match；句首单词首字母用大写；故填Why bther asking if yu are nt really interested in the match? 或Why bther t ask if yu are nt really interested in the match?
53. 尤其令人担心的是现如今如何保护方言成了老大难问题。(t…t) (汉译英)
【答案】It is particularly wrrying that nwadays hw t preserve the dialect has becme a prblem t difficult t slve.
【详解】考查固定句型、副词、动词。表示“尤其令人担心的是”用固定句型it is particularly wrrying that+从句；表示“现如今”用nwadays；表示“如何保护方言”用 hw t preserve the dialect；表示“变成了老大难问题”用has becme a prblem t difficult t slve，其中t…t是固定句型，译为“太……而不能……”，本处用现在完成时，强调现在的结果；句首单词首字母用大写；故填It is particularly wrrying that nwadays hw t preserve the dialect has becme a prblem t difficult t slve.
54. 这支五人登山队被困野外时间越久，生还希望就越是渺茫。(survival) (汉译英)
【答案】The lnger the muntaineering team f five members gt stuck in the wild, the less hpe f survival there wuld be.
【详解】考查固定句型、名词。表示“……时间越久，……的希望越渺茫”用the lnger…the less hpe f…；表示“这支五人登山队”用the muntaineering team f five members；表示“困住”用get stuck；表示“在野外”用in the wild；此事已发生，故get stuck用过去式；表示“生还”用survival，作介词f的宾语；表示“生还希望就越是渺茫”用the less hpe f survival there wuld be，此处用过去将来时；句首单词首字母用大写；故翻译为The lnger the muntaineering team f five members gt stuck in the wild, the less hpe f survival there wuld be.
55. 漫步在这古典园林中，四处可见各式木门，它们图纹各异，形式活泼，别具特色。(hang) (汉译英)
【答案】When yu are hanging arund the classical garden, a variety f wden drs are seen everywhere, which are different in pattern, lively in frm and unique in style./When yu are hanging abut the classical garden, a variety f wden drs are seen everywhere, which are different in pattern, lively in frm and unique in style.
【详解】考查时间状语从句、定语从句、固定短语。表示“漫步在……中（时）”用 when yu are hanging arund /abut…；表示“古典园林”用the classical garden；表示“四处可见各式木门”用a variety f wden drs are seen everywhere；本处用which引导非限定性定语从句来表示“它们图纹各异，形式活泼，别具特色”，即“which are different in pattern, lively in frm and unique in style.”，其中which指物，在从句中作主语；句首单词首字母用大写；故填When yu are hanging arund the classical garden, a variety f wden drs are seen everywhere, which are different in pattern, lively in frm and unique in style.或When yu are hanging abut the classical garden, a variety f wden drs are seen everywhere, which are different in pattern, lively in frm and unique in style.
VI. Guided Writing
56. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120-150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
明启中学拟举办一次摄影展。现就布展方式（校图书馆或校园网站）征集学生意见。假设你是王磊，请给学生会写一封邮件表达你的想法。你的邮件必须满足以下要求：
1. 简述你写邮件的目的及你对布展方式的选择；
2. 说明你的理由（从体验感、互动性或影响力等方面对这两种布展方式进行对比）。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】T whm it may cncern:
I’ve learned that a phtgraphy exhibitin is t be held and that yu’re cllecting advice n the way f arrangement. I’m writing this letter t share my pinins with yu. In my pinin, it is mre advisable t hld the phtgraphy exhibitin in schl library than n campus website. My reasns are as fllws.
At first, the library f ur schl is spacius, which prvides visitrs with a cmfrtable envirnment fr appreciating the exhibitin, s they will have a nice experience. Besides, watching the exhibitin at schl library is mre cnvenient fr visitrs t interact with thers. Last but nt least, a phtgraphy exhibitin held n campus website has far less impact than that held in schl library, because peple may assume that hlding a phtgraphy exhibitin n website is just like a virtual activity. Therefre, I suggest the exhibitin be held in schl library.
Yurs,
Wang Lei
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。明启中学拟举办一次摄影展，现就布展方式征集学生意见，要求考生给学生会写一封邮件表达自己的想法，内容要点包括：1. 简述你写邮件的目的及你对布展方式的选择；2. 说明你的理由（从体验感、互动性或影响力等方面对这两种布展方式进行对比）。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
建议：advice → suggestins
在我看来：In my pinin → As far as I am cncerned
宽敞的：spacius → capacius
此外：Besides → What’s mre
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In my pinin, it is mre advisable t hld the phtgraphy exhibitin in schl library than n campus website.
拓展句：I hld the belief that it is mre advisable t hld the phtgraphy exhibitin in schl library than n campus website.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’ve learned that a phtgraphy exhibitin is t be held and that yu’re cllecting advice n the way f arrangement. (运用了that 引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】At first, the library f ur schl is spacius, which prvides visitrs with a cmfrtable envirnment fr appreciating the exhibitin, s they will have a nice experience. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
听力答案：1-10CBCDD BADCB 11-20CAD CCB CBBCA. accessible B. criterin C. cncentrate D. reduced E. evlved F. explre
G. hst H. interact I. restrative J. stimulatin K. verbalise
A. accessible B. criterin C. cncentrate D. reduced E. evlved F. explre
G. hst H. interact I. restrative J. stimulatin K. verbalise