2023年上海市闵行区高三上学期高考一模英语试卷含详解

这是一份2023年上海市闵行区高三上学期高考一模英语试卷含详解，共41页。试卷主要包含了 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考生注意：
1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸规定的地方张贴条形码并填写考生号和姓名。
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I. Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, readthe fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. A. $ 10.B. $ 15.C. $ 25.D. $ 35.
2. A. The man hasn’t finished the bkshelf.
B. The bkshelf is hard t make.
C. It’s likely that the man has lst the tls.
D. The man hates t lend tls t thers.
3. A. T his wn ffice.B. T a meeting rm.
C. T the manager’s ffice.D. T the frnt desk.
4. A. The man enjyed every minute f the shw.
B. The wman felt amused in the end.
C. The man missed part f the shw.
D. The tw speakers disliked the shw.
5. A. Cnvincing.B. Sensitive.
C. Thughtful.D. Infrmative.
6. A. Hw t fix the refrigeratr.B. Buying a new refrigeratr.
C. Where t put the new refrigeratr.D. Advertising fr refrigeratrs.
7. A. He desn’t like the new canteen.
B. He is willing t try ut the new canteen.
C. He thinks the new canteen is OK.
D. He has never been t the new canteen.
8. A. Pressing the emergency buttn.B. Restarting the elevatr.
C. Calling the service center.D. Waiting fr a shrt while.
9. A. Tennis is difficult t learn.
B. It’s t late fr the man t learn tennis.
C She advised the man t try a new sprt.
D. The man shuld give up tennis.
10. A. The wman desn’t knw the man well.
B. The man has had a new hairstyle.
C. The man went t a new hair saln.
D. The new barber can’t figure ut what t d.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the passages and the cnversatin. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。11.
A. Because f their cmmn interest.B. Because f their shared skills.
C. Because f their wrking experiences.D. Because f their same educatin.
12
A. By cntacting their relatives.B. By cmmunicating with them.
C By ding husewrk fr them.D. By setting up the vlunteer prgram.
13.
A. It imprves elderly peple’s health.B. It cllects sme data fr research.
C. It calls fr cmplex skills.D. It meets the requirement fr graduatin.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。14.
A. The 18th century architecture.B. The cuntryside lcatin.
C. The seating arrangements.D. The quality f the music.
15.
A. It is a held arund the year.B. It is supprted by the gvernment.
C. It mainly fcuses n yung peple.D. It desn’t accept private dnatin.
16.
A. An intrductin f a music festival.B. Ways t dnate the music festival.
C. Perfrmances by yung musicians.D. Plicy f private spnsrship.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。17.
A. The develpment f a grup prject.
B. A difficult prject designing a bridge.
C. Lack f knwledge in ancient philsphy.
D. Pr grade n the philsphy curse.
18.
A. A 10-page paper and a 10-minute presentatin.
B. A 10-page paper and a 20-minute presentatin.
C. A 20-page paper and a 10-minute presentatin.
D. A 20-page paper and a 20-minute presentatin.
19.
A. They dn’t take the assignment seriusly.
B. They dn’t believe in Jennifer.
C. They dn’t shw interest in philsphy.
D. They prefer t d individual wrk.
20.
A. He assigned each member different wrk.
B. He had t depend n himself.
C. He gave up the prject at last.
D. He shifted his rle t thers.
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Des the wrd “imperfect” always cnvey negative feeling? Have yu ever walked t the lcal grcery stre’s prduce(农产品) sectin, nly ___21___ (see) a basket full f “imperfect prduce”? There’s ___22___ wrng with a tmat that isn’t perfectly runded r peaches in different sizes; they still carry the same benefits and flavrs as the versins we’re used t seeing in grcery stres. Farmers usually thrw away these imperfect items, as many grcery chains wn’t accept them fr fear ___23___ they are unsellable. Hwever, a grwing grup f grcery chains are fighting t make these deserted fruits and vegetables part f cnsumers’ buying habits.
One such business is Imperfect Prduce, a start-up that delivers fresh ugly prduce t cnsumers, with ___24___ service, yu can get up t 20 punds f fruit and veggies fr arund $20 a week. This is abut a 30 percent discunt cmpared t ___25___ is currently sld in stres. S far, the cmpany ___26___ (accept) as partnership by several big chain whlesale giants, such as Whle Fds Cmpany, t sell the misshapen prduce.
While this mvement might be a new trend here in the US, it’s already gained serius ppularity in Eurpe. In 2014, the Eurpean Unin annunced the Year Against Fd Waste, with a French grcery chain ___27___ (launch) a very successful campaign called Inglrius Fruits and Vegetables. In Prtugal, a similar cmpany t Imperfect Prduce called Fruta Feia has als taken ff.
Buying these unfrtunate-lking fds shuld be appealing t cnsumers nt nly ___28___ the affrdability, but als fr the supprt it gives t farmers and the direct impact it has n decreasing fd waste and the envirnmental pllutin. It is believed that when the discarded(丢弃的) fruits and vegetables decmpse(分解) they release methane, a greenhuse gas that, when ___29___ (release) int the atmsphere, is abut 86 times as pwerful as carbn dixide ver a 20-year perid.
The grwing amunt f fd waste is a majr glbal prblem. Each year, sme 1.3 billin tns f fd is wasted. Waste is, in fact, ___30___ (ugly) thing f all.
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Smart Tys that Spy n Kids
Americans are becming mre and mre alert f the ways their persnal infrmatin is being cllected n the Internet. A recent natinal survey fund that 72% f respndents are nt sure whether Facebk is using the data it cllected n them in a(n) ____31____ way. And 70% f respndents said they believed their smartphnes are being mnitred in ways they haven’t agreed t. That dubt is ____32____. Cncerns abut persnal privacy are n the rise all the time.
But adult gift-givers may nt realize that sme children’s tys are cllecting persnal data, t. Tys with cameras, mbile apps, and requirements t set up nline accunts that stre data abut the ty and its user all ____33____ privacy cncerns.
Tys that ____34____ Bluetth cnnectins, fr example, culd be sensitive t being hacked frm utside the hme, perhaps ____35____ the child t inapprpriate cntent r gathering sensitive inf. The famus car race Mari Kart Live Hme Circuit installs a camera that uplads images f the rm in rder t create virtual racetrack. But these images f the rm’s layut(布局) and the ____36____ in it culd be expsed if the game’s website were ever hacked.
Mst ty manufacturers are trying t build in prtectins. And the Children’s Online Privacy Prtectin Act prvides anther layer f defense by requiring parents t be invlved in setting up the ty and giving adults the right t have their children’s nline data ___37___.
The wrldwide market fr smart tys is expected t reach almst $70 billin in the next five years. These tys can be wnderfully ____38____ and even educatinal, such as an interactive glbe that speaks t children abut a cuntry as they tuch it n the map. Actin figures, rbts, r dlls that talk back and hld cnversatins can becme smart ____39____. Yet, in an envirnment where s much infrmatin can be cllected thrugh interactin with devices, children _____40_____ t be mere “players” r “cnsumers”. They becme “data subjects” that disclse infrmatin r “persnal data” abut themselves, bth cnsciusly and uncnsciusly.
Ⅲ. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
In this wrld f rapid changes, everything seems t be pssible. There will eventually cme a day when the New Yrk Times stps ____41____ stries n paper. Exactly when that day will be is a matter f debate. “Smetime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.
Nstalgia (怀旧) as peple are fr ink n paper, there are plenty f reasns t ____42____ print. The basic facilities required t make a ____43____ newspaper—printing presses, delivery trucks — isn’t just expensive. Readers are keeping away frm print anyway. And thugh print advertisement sales still ____44____ their nline and mbile cunterparts, incme frm print is still declining.
Cst may be high and circulatin lwer but rushing t ____45____ its print editin wuld be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jnah Petretti.
Petretti says the Times shuldn’t waste time getting ut f the print business, but nly if they g abut ding it the right way. “Figuring ut a way t speed up that ____46____ wuld make sense fr them,” he said, ‘‘but if yu discntinue it, yu’re ging t have yur mst faithful custmers really upset with yu.”
Smetimes that’s well wrth ____47____ anyway. Petretti gives the example f Netflix ____48____ its DVD-mailing service t fcus n streaming (流媒体). “It was nce seen as a(n) ____49____,” he said. The mve turned ut t be fresighted. “If I were in charge at the Times, I wuldn’t pick a year t_____50_____ print,” Petretti said, “I wuld raise prices and make it int mre f a legacy prduct, which has sme advantage ver a mdern prduct, making it appealing fr custmers t keep it arund.”
As a matter f fact, the mst lyal custmers wuld still get the prduct they _____51_____. The idea ges, and they’d feel like that they were helping maintain the quality f smething they believe in. “S if yu’re _____52_____ print, yu culd feel like that yu were helping,” Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try t generate additinal _____53_____.” In ther wrds, if yu’re ging t print prduct, make it fr the peple wh are already bsessed with it, which may be what the Times is ding already. Getting the print editin seven days a week csts nearly $500 a year — mre than twice as much as a digital-nly _____54_____.
“It’s a really hard thing t d and it’s a tremendus luxury that BuzzFeed desn’t have a legacy business,” Petretti remarked. “But we’re ging t have questins like that. We’re ding things that dn’t make sense when the market _____55_____ and s des the wrld. In thse situatins, it’s better t be mre aggressive than less aggressive.
41. A. cmmentingB. publishingC. initiatingD. describing
42. A. restreB. prmteC. stimulateD. abandn
43 A. physicalB. influentialC. wrthyD. prfitable
44. A. fllwB. transferC. vertakeD. utlk
45. A. reverseB. eliminateC. maintainD. evaluate
46. A. transitinB. existenceC. applicatinD. islatin
47. A. playing safeB. fllwing a general ruleC. keeping t a rutineD. making a definite change
48. A. stimulatingB. discntinuingC. regulatingD. fulfilling
49. A. achievementB. tendencyC. pprtunityD. mistake
50. A. spnsrB. fundC. endD. establish
51. A. favurB. facilitateC. shareD. affrd
52. A. benefiting frmB. referring tC. verpaying frD. trying ut
53. A. identityB. variatinC. lyaltyD. incme
54. A. subscriptinB. advancementC. plicyD. technlgy
55. A. shrinksB. changesC. emergesD. dminates
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have read.
(A)
Raccns are arguably the mst successful urban carnivre (食肉动物) in Nrth America. They maintain large ppulatins in mst U.S. cities and are certainly just as cmmn in Chicag, thugh actual ppulatin estimates are unknwn. Almst anyne wh has spent time utdrs at night has likely seen ne, and they are quite difficult t cnfuse with anything else — their fat bdies, and mask-like facial markings, make them quite distinctive, and even perhaps charming.
A typical urban raccn is able t eat virtually anything. Their diet includes earthwrms, carrin, plant matter, cat fd, and all kind f discarded human fd waste. Raccns are prbably the mst advanced wildlife which can dive ur dustbins. Their paws (爪子) are quite dexterus and enable them t access clsed garbage dustbins. Raccns are als capable climbers and can be fund n the tp f fences and in trees. While they are typically slitary, they are willing t tlerate crwds f ther raccns if high quality fd resurces are present. They give birth nce and smetimes twice a year in late spring and make use f a wide variety f den (巢穴) sites, including hllw trees, chimneys, etc. Because they make dens in a variety f human structures, raccns can be a surce f human-wildlife cnflict, thrugh direct cnfrntatin with humans, prperty damage caused by their activities, and, perhaps mst critically, thrugh the transmissin f disease. Leptspirsis, canine distemper, raccn rundwrm, and rabies are the mst imprtant zntic (人畜共患的) diseases carried by raccns. Rabies in particular has had a massive effect n raccn ppulatins and caused a public health attentin, t the pint where use f vaccine have been attempted in sme cities.
In mst cases where raccns are reprted by the public, n management actin is necessary. Large packs f raccns, such as thse ften sighted alng the lakeshre path, likely suggest a large artificial fd surce, such as peple deliberately feeding raccns n unchecked garbage. These large gatherings present a high disease risk and peple shuld be strngly discuraged frm feeding raccns r leaving fd utside fr them. In cases where there is evidence f disease, individual raccns will need t be trapped and killed.
56. What d we knw abut raccns frm the first paragraph?
A. They are unknwn in Chicag.B. They are easily recgnized.
C. They tend t attack peple at night.D. They are declining in ppulatin.
57. The wrd “dexterus” (in paragraph tw) prbably means “______”.
A. skillfulB. mysteriusC. invisibleD. abnrmal
58. Frm the sentence “While they are typically…” (in paragraph tw), we knw that raccns prefer t ______.
A. share fdB. be in crwd
C. live separatelyD. hide high quality fd
59 What d we knw frm the last paragraph?
A. Peple are encuraged t feed raccns.
B. Raccns are killed as fd surce fr peple.
C. Immediate measures are adpted when raccns are fund.
D. Extreme actins may be taken t deal with racns carrying disease.
(B)
60. What encuraged Mavis Cheek t becme a writer?
A. The expectatin f the wrthy financial rewards.
B. The desire t cmbine the rle f a mther and a career.
C. The established idea f gaining reputatin f a famus writer.
D. The wish f encuraging peple thrugh the pwer f literature.
61. Overall, Mavis Cheek describes the writing prfessin as ______.
A. mtivating but strugglingB. respectable but impersnal
C. stressful and unfulfillingD. exciting and financially rewarding
62. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is true?
A. Mavis Cheek had earned a lt befre she became a writer.
B. The incme frm writing has remved Mavis Cheek’s material wrries.
C. Mavis Cheek’s career nce almst came t an end due t unfavrable cmments.
D. Successful as she is, Mavis Cheek still feels it hard t satisfy the readers cntinuusly.
(C)
Building gd transprtatin is a gd idea. T have envirnmental value, new transprtatin has t sufficiently replace r eliminate driving t cut energy cnsumptin verall. That means that a new traffic system has t be supprted by reductin in car use. Traffic lanes shuld be eliminated r cnverted int bike r bus lanes. Ideally, these shuld be cmbined with higher fuel taxes, and parking fees. Needless t say, I have t struggle t make myself extensively understd. But they’re necessary, because yu can’t make peple drive less, in the lng run, by taking steps that make driving mre pleasant, ecnmical, and prductive.
Lengthy cmmuting (通勤) time is a frceful factr which can slw the grwth f suburbs. The farther peple live away frm cities, the lnger cmmuting time they need, which means mre pllutin their cars prduce. If, in a misguided effrt t d smething f envirnmental value, gvernments take steps that make lng-distance car cmmuting faster r mre cnvenient—by adding lanes, building bypass, emplying traffic-cntrl measures that make it pssible fr existing rads t accmmdate mre cars with fewer delays—we are actually encuraging peple t live still farther frm their jbs, stres, and schls. As a result, gvernments are frced t further extend rad netwrks, water lines, and ther facilities. If yu cut cmmuting time by 10 percent, peple wh nw drive fifty miles each way t wrk can find reasn t mve five miles farther ut, because their travel time wn’t change.
Traffic cngestin (拥堵) isn’t an envirnmental prblem; traffic is. Relieving cngestin withut ding anything t reduce the ttal vlume f cars can nly make the real prblem wrse. Highway engineers have knwn fr a lng time that building new car lanes nly temprarily reduces cngestin, because the new lanes add additinal driving. Widening rads makes traffic mve faster in the shrt term, but the imprved cnditins eventually attract additinal drivers, and cngestin reappears. With mre car n the rads, peple think abut widening rads again. Mving drivers ut f cars and int ther frms f transprtatin can have the same effect, if existing traffic lanes are kept in service: rad space stimulates rad use.
One f the arguments that cities inevitably make in prmting transprtatin plans is that the new system, by relieving autmbile cngestin, will imprve the lives f thse wh cntinue t drive. N ne ever prmtes a transprtatin system by arguing that it wuld make travelling less cnvenient—even thugh, frm an envirnmental perspective, incnvenient travel is a wrthy gal.
63. In the first paragraph, the authr gives us the hint that his recmmendatins are ______.
A. nt widely supprtedB. cstly t carry ut
C. generally recgnizedD. temprarily beneficial
64. Accrding t the passage, what will happen if cmmuting time fr drivers is reduced?
A. Drivers will becme mre prductive emplyees.
B. Mass transprtatin will be extended farther int suburban areas.
C. Drivers will be mre willing t live farther frm their wrking place.
D. Mass transprtatin will carry fewer passengers and receive less gvernment funding.
65. Which f the fllwing can be inferred abut the authr’s attitude twards the measures t imprve traffic?
A. They are envirnmentally beneficial and shuld be carried ut immediately.
B. They are well intentined but ultimately lead t envirnmental harm.
C. They will definitely aruse peple’s awareness f envirnmental prtectin.
D. They will nly wrk if they can make driving mre ecnmical and prductive.
66. The authr wrte this massage mainly t ______.
A. supprt the claim that effrts t reduce traffic actually increase traffic.
B. ppse the belief that imprving mass transprtatin systems is gd fr the envirnment.
C. prvide a balance between suburban expansin and traffic cngestin.
D. indicate that making driving less agreeable is a way t reduce negative effects f traffic.
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Humankind has tried t imprve its standard f living since the very beginning f civilizatin. Back then, and tday, prviding fd was the basic task fr a persn. ____67____ Peple feel the need fr nt nly sme primary things, such as bread and shelters, but als fr varius facilities and luxuries. Prviding humanity with these things is cnnected t the use f natural resurces, which requires energy. In turn, the cmmn surces f energy we use tday cause pllutin, s ecnmic grwth is almst inevitably assciated with envirnmental damage.
____68____ The first f these is the fact that in rder t prduce mre gds and prducts, at a faster rate, the cnstructin f large industrial plants is required. These plants prduce a lt f waste, which may cause negative lng-term health effects t nearby ppulatins f animals, r peple.
The traditinal energy surces, which are cmmnly used nwadays, are cnsidered t be the greatest plluters t the envirnment. There als exist s-called ec-friendly surces f energy.
____69____ Of curse, during this time peple have t make sme sacrifices t supprt these undertakings.
In rder t prduce practical energy, a transfrmatin f the natural site is ften inevitable. This is expensive and, has harmful effects n the envirnment. Applicatin f wind energy wuld blck airflw’s natural speed. Cnsequently, the pressure balance that is brught abut by this current will be affected, and it is imprtant t remember that the envirnment and weather cnditins are directly affected by atmspheric pressure. ____70____ This is the embarrassment mankind has t deal with. A gd balance between ecnmic develpment and sustainability is frever what humankind has t keep in mind.
A. There are certain aspects f ecnmic grwth which affect the envirnment.
B. Clean energy has always been n the pririty list fr a better envirnment.
C. Fr these reasns, bringing abut ecnmic grwth withut any resulting envirnmental damage is impssible.
D. Hwever, nwadays the range f required gds has expanded significantly.
E. S humankind began t make explratin t satisfy themselves ecnmically and mentally.
F. They are smetimes preferred but replacing the traditinal surces with them als requires time.
Ⅳ. Summary Writing
71. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint (s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Is Leather Gd r Nt?
Fr thusands f years, humans have used leather t make everything frm clthing t furniture t ftwear. The skin f animals is a material that is strng, hard-wearing and flexible. These qualities make leather a ppular material fr many different prducts, but mre peple are becming cncerned abut the ptential harm caused by items they buy. Shuld we respect ancient traditins r is having real leather nt as imprtant as it used t be?
The treatment f animals raised fr their skins is a massive issue. Accrding t the Fd and Agriculture Organisatin (FAO), mre than 2.29 billin cws, pigs and gats are killed each year fr their hides. This des nt include the animal skin f fancier leather prducts, such as sheep, crcdiles, kangars and lizards.
There’s als an envirnmental prblem. Prducing leather is a very plluting prcess, because it requires treating the skins with chemicals. During the prcedure, called tanning, chemicals change the fibres (纤维) inside the leather, making it tugher. A tanning facility uses mre than 60,000 litres f water fr every tnne f leather prduced. It uses huge amunts f pisnus chemicals, including substances cntaining heavy metals such as chrmium, which when washed ut ends up in nearby sil and drinking water that peple use.
Hwever, the making f leather is nt entirely negative. Selling animal skin is a key surce f incme fr remte ppulatins such as the Inuit peple in Canada. Every day, cws, pigs and gats are killed fr their meat t be sld in supermarkets. It’s respectful nt t waste anything, and withut leather their skins wuld have t be buried r burned.
Althugh there are alternatives t leather, sme f these fabrics are nly 85% t 90% bidegradable (可生物降解的). Vegan leather can be made frm plastics which take years t bidegrade, s it’s actually wrse fr the planet.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
72. 刚到学校我就发现把化学书忘家里了。(Hardly…)(汉译英)
73. 如果周三下雨的话慈善义卖还照常进行吗? （schedule）（汉译英）
74. 这两位网球选手水平相当，不到最后一刻很难预料冠军归属。(equal) (汉译英)
75. 看到那么多年轻人自愿学舞龙，这位老艺人如释重负，感觉这门古老的技艺后继有人了。(relieve) (汉译英)
Ⅵ. Guided Writing
76. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120 - 150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织来中国进行主题夏令营活动，每个学生可以从以下三个主题营中选择一个参加： 1.唐诗(Tang pems)学习夏令营;2.乒乓球训练营 ;3. 剪纸(paper-cutting)学习夏令营。Jim来信希望你能给他推荐一个。请你给他回信，内容包括：1.你的建议; 2. 你的理由。
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2022学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试
英语试卷
考生注意：
1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸规定的地方张贴条形码并填写考生号和姓名。
I. Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, readthe fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. A. $ 10.B. $ 15.C. $ 25.D. $ 35.
【答案】D
【原文】M: Excuse me, there is smething wrng with my receipt. I didn’t buy this item.
W: Srry fr the mistake. I’ll take ff the $ 10 fr the item. Nw yu need t pay $ 25.
Q: Hw much did the wman charge the man at first?
2. A. The man hasn’t finished the bkshelf.
B. The bkshelf is hard t make.
C. It’s likely that the man has lst the tls.
D. The man hates t lend tls t thers.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Simn, culd yu return the tls I lent yu last mnth fr making the bkshelf?
M: Oh, well, I hate t tell yu this, but I have lked arund and it seems I can’t find them anywhere.
Q: What d we knw frm the cnversatin?
3. A. T his wn ffice.B. T a meeting rm.
C. T the manager’s ffice.D. T the frnt desk.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Excuse me, I’m new here. Culd yu shw me the way t the manager’s ffice?
M: Oh, hell. I’m really srry, but, yu see, I’m late fr a meeting. Yu can g t the frnt desk fr help.
Q: Where is the man hurrying t g?
4. A. The man enjyed every minute f the shw.
B. The wman felt amused in the end.
C. The man missed part f the shw.
D. The tw speakers disliked the shw.
【答案】C
【原文】W: The talk shw last night was s amusing that I culdn’t help laughing almst every minute. Did yu get hme in time fr it?
M: Yes, I did. But I wish I culd have stayed awake lnger t enjy everything.
Q: What d we learn frm the cnversatin?
5. A. Cnvincing.B. Sensitive.
C. Thughtful.D. Infrmative.
【答案】A
【原文】M: What d yu think f Mr. Jhnsn’s presentatin?
W: It was far beynd my expectatin I never thught he’s such a persuasive speaker.
Q: What des the wman think f Mr. Jhnsn’s presentatin?
6. A. Hw t fix the refrigeratr.B. Buying a new refrigeratr.
C. Where t put the new refrigeratr.D. Advertising fr refrigeratrs.
【答案】B
【原文】M: The refrigeratr isn’t wrking prperly. Shall we find a new ne t replace it?
W: Here is an advertisement fr several kinds f new refrigeratrs.
Q: What are the tw speakers talking abut?
7. A. He desn’t like the new canteen.
B. He is willing t try ut the new canteen.
C. He thinks the new canteen is OK.
D. He has never been t the new canteen.
【答案】C
【原文】W: What d yu think f the new canteen in ur campus, is it OK?
M: I had a lt f dubts when it first pened. But I have crrected myself after I tried it ut several times.
Q: What des the man mean?
8. A. Pressing the emergency buttn.B. Restarting the elevatr.
C. Calling the service center.D. Waiting fr a shrt while.
【答案】D
【原文】W: The elevatr seems nt t be wrking prperly. Shall we press the emergency buttn?
M: Let’s just give it a few secnds and see what will be ging n. It may restart by itself.
Q: What des the man suggest ding?
9. A. Tennis is difficult t learn.
B. It’s t late fr the man t learn tennis.
C. She advised the man t try a new sprt.
D. The man shuld give up tennis.
【答案】C
【原文】M: It’s a pity that I didn’t learn tennis when I was a kid.
W: I dn’t think ver twenty is t late fr a new sprt.
Q: What des the wman imply?
10. A. The wman desn’t knw the man well.
B. The man has had a new hairstyle.
C. The man went t a new hair saln.
D. The new barber can’t figure ut what t d.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Yu lk a bit different tday. But I can’t figure ut what it is.
M: Well, I went t my regular hair saln yesterday, but I was served by a new barber.
Q: What can be inferred frm the cnversatin?
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the passages and the cnversatin. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。11.
A. Because f their cmmn interest.B. Because f their shared skills.
C. Because f their wrking experiences.D. Because f their same educatin.
12.
A. By cntacting their relatives.B. By cmmunicating with them.
C. By ding husewrk fr them.D. By setting up the vlunteer prgram.
13.
A. It imprves elderly peple’s health.B. It cllects sme data fr research.
C. It calls fr cmplex skills.D. It meets the requirement fr graduatin.
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. D
【原文】In British Clumbia, Canada, a lcal prgram was set up, which has benefited bth elderly peple and students.
Linda Jnes, wh used t be a nurse, is 99 years ld nw. She felt lnely because her daughter and sn culdn’t keep her cmpany. Recently, she signed up fr a lcal prgram which aims t cnnect elderly peple with yung peple. Linda and17-year-ld Jessy Brwn frmed a pair because Jessy brwn is als interested in the nursing wrk. Linda spent much f her life teaching and living in ther parts f the wrld helping peple in need. The stries are inspiring Brwn, wh als wants t becme a nurse.
Fr the high schl students wh take part in the prgram, the time spent with elderly peple can be used tward vlunteer wrk which is needed fr graduatin. They are suppsed t speak fr 30 minutes with elderly peple each week, but many g far beynd that. Students lve and lk frward t talking t elderly peple every week.
The prgram has been a gd frtune t bth elderly peple and high schl students. Due t varius reasns, elderly peple can’t meet their families and students are having truble getting their vlunteer hurs. Therefre, there has been a huge psitive respnse frm students wh participate in the prgram.
(Listen again, please)
Questins:
11.Why did Jnes and Jessy Brwn frm a pair?
12.Hw d the high schl students help elderly peple?
13.What can be learned abut the prgram?
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。14.
A. The 18th century architecture.B. The cuntryside lcatin.
C. The seating arrangements.D. The quality f the music.
15.
A. It is a held arund the year.B. It is supprted by the gvernment.
C. It mainly fcuses n yung peple.D. It desn’t accept private dnatin.
16.
A. An intrductin f a music festival.B. Ways t dnate the music festival.
C. Perfrmances by yung musicians.D. Plicy f private spnsrship.
【答案】14. C 15. C 16. A
【原文】Ladies and gentlemen, welcme t Chestn. Chestn is believed t be ne f the mst beautiful places fr cncert in West England. Thrughut the whle summer, Chestn hlds an internatinally famus cncert festival in a magnificently beautiful cuntryside backgrund. The stage fr the perfrmances is surrunded by the charming 18th century architecture, which is mre than perfect fr classic music. Hwever, what attracts ur audience mst is that everyne is seated less than twenty feet frm the perfrmers. This shrt distance frm the perfrmers can make the audience mre invlved in the music.
Nw, I wuld like t say a few wrds abut the cncert festival itself. Chestn Cncert Festival is an annual summer event. It is a charity activity t prmte the appreciatin f perfrming arts in West England. The Festival aims t benefit the lcal cmmunity by engaging yung prfessinal artists and stimulating yung peple t participate in live perfrmances. We hpe t supprt yung musicians in their career develpment. Chestn Cncert Festival des nt receive any public financial supprt. Primarily, it relies n private cntributins. We ffer varius levels f private cperatin and ur supprters can have the privilege f pririty bking.
(Listen again, please.)
Questins:
14.Accrding t the speech, what attracts audience mst?
15.Which f the fllwing is true abut the Chestn cncert Festival?
16.What is the speech mainly abut?
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。17.
A. The develpment f a grup prject.
B. A difficult prject designing a bridge.
C. Lack f knwledge in ancient philsphy.
D. Pr grade n the philsphy curse.
18.
A. A 10-page paper and a 10-minute presentatin.
B. A 10-page paper and a 20-minute presentatin.
C. A 20-page paper and a 10-minute presentatin.
D. A 20-page paper and a 20-minute presentatin.
19.
A. They dn’t take the assignment seriusly.
B. They dn’t believe in Jennifer.
C. They dn’t shw interest in philsphy.
D. They prefer t d individual wrk.
20.
A. He assigned each member different wrk.
B. He had t depend n himself.
C. He gave up the prject at last.
D. He shifted his rle t thers.
【答案】17. A 18. B 19. A 20. B
【原文】M: Hi, Jennifer, hw is yur Philsphy class?
W: Oh, it’s pretty gd. I read a lt f materials we’re learning, but I’m frustrated abut the biggest assignment that is due next week.
M: Oh n, what’s up?
W: Well, it’s a grup prject and we have t write a 10-page paper and prepare a 20-minute presentatin abut different famus philsphers, but my grup needs t be pushed really hard.
M: That sunds stressful.
W: Yes, that’s the thing. The prject is due n Mnday and tw f the peple haven’t yet started their sectins and anther student’s wrk was terrible.
M: Oh, what was wrng with it?
W: It didn’t really satisfy any f the prject requirements. His jb was t cver Aristtle, like where and when he was brn, and primary ideas f interests and wh he influenced and wh influenced him. Brian, the guy in my grup just fcused n ancient Greece in general and barely mentined Aristtle. Let alne his great cntributins.
M: That’s awful. Yu knw, that’s the reasn I find grup prject t be stressful. Yu never knw wh is ging t be in yur grup and hw unmtivated they are. In my engineering class, we had t design a suspensin bridge, using renewable resurces in a small grup. My team members are just unreliable. It was s much wrk t d the prject all by myself.
W: That’s nt fair. I might have t d the same fr this prject. Befre that I always lved grup prjects, but nw my pinin has changed.
M: Since I have had the similar situatin, I knw what yu are thinking abut.
W: Thanks fr yur understanding, Mike.
(Listen again, please.)
Questins:
1. What was Jennifer upset abut?
2.Hw is the grup prject suppsed t be presented?
3.What des Jennifer say abut her grup members?
4. What did Mike d fr the suspensin bridge designing prject?
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
Des the wrd “imperfect” always cnvey negative feeling? Have yu ever walked t the lcal grcery stre’s prduce(农产品) sectin, nly ___21___ (see) a basket full f “imperfect prduce”? There’s ___22___ wrng with a tmat that isn’t perfectly runded r peaches in different sizes; they still carry the same benefits and flavrs as the versins we’re used t seeing in grcery stres. Farmers usually thrw away these imperfect items, as many grcery chains wn’t accept them fr fear ___23___ they are unsellable. Hwever, a grwing grup f grcery chains are fighting t make these deserted fruits and vegetables part f cnsumers’ buying habits.
One such business is Imperfect Prduce, a start-up that delivers fresh ugly prduce t cnsumers, with ___24___ service, yu can get up t 20 punds f fruit and veggies fr arund $20 a week. This is abut a 30 percent discunt cmpared t ___25___ is currently sld in stres. S far, the cmpany ___26___ (accept) as partnership by several big chain whlesale giants, such as Whle Fds Cmpany, t sell the misshapen prduce.
While this mvement might be a new trend here in the US, it’s already gained serius ppularity in Eurpe. In 2014, the Eurpean Unin annunced the Year Against Fd Waste, with a French grcery chain ___27___ (launch) a very successful campaign called Inglrius Fruits and Vegetables. In Prtugal, a similar cmpany t Imperfect Prduce called Fruta Feia has als taken ff.
Buying these unfrtunate-lking fds shuld be appealing t cnsumers nt nly ___28___ the affrdability, but als fr the supprt it gives t farmers and the direct impact it has n decreasing fd waste and the envirnmental pllutin. It is believed that when the discarded(丢弃的) fruits and vegetables decmpse(分解) they release methane, a greenhuse gas that, when ___29___ (release) int the atmsphere, is abut 86 times as pwerful as carbn dixide ver a 20-year perid.
The grwing amunt f fd waste is a majr glbal prblem. Each year, sme 1.3 billin tns f fd is wasted. Waste is, in fact, ___30___ (ugly) thing f all.
【答案】21. t see
22. nthing
23. that 24. whse
25. what 26. has been accepted
27. launching
28. because f##due t
29. released
30. the ugliest
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述长得奇形怪状的蔬果具有同等的味道和好处，一家初创企业Imperfect Prduce专门售卖这样的蔬果，购买丑蔬果不仅价格低廉，还有助于减少环境污染和粮食浪费。
【21题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：你有没有去过当地杂货店的农产品区，却只看到一篮子“不完美的农产品”？“nly+动词不定式”作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果，故填t see。
【22题详解】
考查代词。句意：外表不是非常圆的番茄或大小不一的桃子都没有问题；它们仍然具有我们过去在杂货店看到的相同的好处和口味。根据“they still carry the same benefits and flavrs as the versins we’re used t seeing in grcery stres”可知，此处指外表不好看的番茄或土豆都没有问题，there is nthing wrng with………没有问题。故填nthing。
【23题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：农民通常会扔掉这些不完美的产品，因为许多杂货店连锁店不会接受它们，因为担心它们卖不出去。fr fear that害怕，固定短语，引导目的状语从句。故填that。
【24题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Imperfect Prduce就是这样一家企业，这家初创企业向消费者运送新鲜的丑陋农产品。通过他们的服务，你可以以每周20美元左右的价格买到多达20磅的水果和蔬菜。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是start-up，关系词在从句中作定语，和service之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whse，故填whse。
【25题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：与目前商店出售的商品相比，这大约是30%的折扣。分析句子可知，空处引导宾语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，表示物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
【26题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，该公司已经被Whle Fds公司等几家大型连锁批发巨头接受为合作伙伴，销售畸形农产品。根据时间状语“S far”可知，句子用现在完成时，且主语cmpany和动词accept之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时态的被动语态，主语是名词单数，助动词用has。故填has been accepted。
【27题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：2014年，欧盟宣布了反对食物浪费年，一家法国食品杂货连锁店发起了一项非常成功的名为“不上相的蔬果”运动。此处是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，动词launch和宾语a French grcery chain之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作宾补。故填launching。
【28题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：购买这些看起来不太好看的食物对消费者有吸引力，不仅是因为价格实惠，还因为它对农民的支持，以及它对减少食物浪费和环境污染的直接影响。nt als连接并列成分，根据but als后的fr“因为”可知，此处表示原因，because f/due t由于，因为，符合语境。故填because f/due t。
【29题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：人们认为，当被丢弃的水果和蔬菜分解时，它们会释放出甲烷，这是一种温室气体，在20年的时间里，释放到大气中的甲烷的强度大约是二氧化碳的86倍。分析句子结构可知，that引导的定语从句中含有when引导的时间状语从句，状语从句的主语是a greenhuse gas，和动词release之间是被动关系，故完整形式是when it is released int the atmsphere，状语从句的主语和定语从句主语一致，且状语从句含有be动词，可将主语和be动词省略。故填released。
【30题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：事实上，浪费是最丑陋的事情。根据“f all”可知，此处应用形容词最高级形式ugliest，前面加定冠词the。故填the ugliest。
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
Smart Tys that Spy n Kids
Americans are becming mre and mre alert f the ways their persnal infrmatin is being cllected n the Internet. A recent natinal survey fund that 72% f respndents are nt sure whether Facebk is using the data it cllected n them in a(n) ____31____ way. And 70% f respndents said they believed their smartphnes are being mnitred in ways they haven’t agreed t. That dubt is ____32____. Cncerns abut persnal privacy are n the rise all the time.
But adult gift-givers may nt realize that sme children’s tys are cllecting persnal data, t. Tys with cameras, mbile apps, and requirements t set up nline accunts that stre data abut the ty and its user all ____33____ privacy cncerns.
Tys that ____34____ Bluetth cnnectins, fr example, culd be sensitive t being hacked frm utside the hme, perhaps ____35____ the child t inapprpriate cntent r gathering sensitive inf. The famus car race Mari Kart Live Hme Circuit installs a camera that uplads images f the rm in rder t create virtual racetrack. But these images f the rm’s layut(布局) and the ____36____ in it culd be expsed if the game’s website were ever hacked.
Mst ty manufacturers are trying t build in prtectins. And the Children’s Online Privacy Prtectin Act prvides anther layer f defense by requiring parents t be invlved in setting up the ty and giving adults the right t have their children’s nline data ___37___.
The wrldwide market fr smart tys is expected t reach almst $70 billin in the next five years. These tys can be wnderfully ____38____ and even educatinal, such as an interactive glbe that speaks t children abut a cuntry as they tuch it n the map. Actin figures, rbts, r dlls that talk back and hld cnversatins can becme smart ____39____. Yet, in an envirnment where s much infrmatin can be cllected thrugh interactin with devices, children _____40_____ t be mere “players” r “cnsumers”. They becme “data subjects” that disclse infrmatin r “persnal data” abut themselves, bth cnsciusly and uncnsciusly.
【答案】31. G 32. E
33. H 34. J
35. K 36. A
37. C 38. F
39. I 40. B
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人们对于信息泄露的担忧，从一般的通讯媒体过渡到孩子的智能玩具。在这样一个可以通过与设备互动收集如此多信息的环境中，儿童不再仅仅是“玩家”或“消费者”，而成为数据主体。
【31题详解】
考查形容词。句意：最近的一项全国性调查发现，72%的受访者不确定Facebk是否以负责任的方式使用收集到的数据。分析可知，所填空应是形容词作定语，修饰空后名词“way”。结合后文“Cncerns abut persnal privacy are n the rise all the time.(人们对个人隐私的关注一直在上升。)”可推知，受访者应是对Facebk在使用个人数据方面的负责任性方面有所怀疑。G项“respnsible”，形容词，意为“可靠的，负责任的”，符合句意分析。故选G项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这种怀疑是有道理的。分析可知，所填空应是形容词作表语。根据前文“And 70% f respndents said they believed their smartphnes are being mnitred in ways they haven’t agreed t.(70%的受访者表示，他们认为自己的智能手机正以自己不同意的方式受到监控。)”可知，人们怀疑智能手机监控，同时结合常识可知，这种怀疑是合理的。E项“justified”，形容词，意为“有正当理由的，合乎情理”，符合句意分析。故选E项。
【33题详解】
考查动词。句意：带有摄像头、移动应用程序的玩具，以及要求建立在线账户来存储玩具及其用户的数据，这些都带来隐私问题。分析可知，所填空应是动词，在句中作谓语。主语“Tys with cameras, mbile apps, and requirements t set up nline accunts that stre data abut the ty and its user(带有摄像头、移动应用程序的玩具，以及要求建立在线账户来存储玩具及其用户的数据)”带来了隐私方面的担忧。H项“present”作动词时可意为“带来”含义，符合句意分析。故选H项。
【34题详解】
考查动词。句意：例如，使用蓝牙连接的玩具可能很容易受到来自室外的黑客攻击，可能会让孩子接触到不适当的内容或收集敏感信息。分析可知，所填空为从句的谓语动词，关系词“that”的先行词为“Tys”，因此可推知，“Bluetth cnnectins”是这种玩具使用的功能。所选动词应是“使用，应用”含义，J项“emply”，动词，意为“使用，利用”，符合句意。故选J项。
【35题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，使用蓝牙连接的玩具可能很容易受到来自室外的黑客攻击，可能会让孩子接触到不适当的内容或收集敏感信息。分析可知，“__5 __ the child t inapprpriate cntent r gathering sensitive inf”为结果状语，因此，所填空应是非谓语动词，且与主语之间为主动关系，应是现在分词。结合后文“t”，应是K项“expsing”，意为“使暴露于，使接触”，“expse sb. t sth”，“使某人接触某物”。故选K项。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：但如果游戏网站遭到黑客攻击，这些房间布局和其中物品的图像就会暴露出来。分析可知，“the”为定冠词，所填空应是名词。分析语境可知，“it”应是指代“the rm”，前文“these images f the rm’s layut(这些是房间布局的图片)”提及了房间的布局图片，因此，这里应是指房间内的物品。A项“bjects”，名词复数，意为“物体，实物”，符合句意分析。故选A项。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：《儿童在线隐私保护法》提供了另一层防御，要求父母参与设置玩具，并赋予成年人删除孩子在线数据的权利。分析可知，“have sth dne”，“使某物被……”，所填空应是过去分词。结合前文“Mst ty manufacturers are trying t build in prtectins.(大多数玩具制造商都在试图建立保护机制。)”可知，保护机制应是可以将玩具内的个人信息数据删除。C项“remved”，动词过去分词形式，意为“移除，删除”，符合句意分析。故选C项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这些玩具可以非常吸引人，甚至具有教育意义，比如一个交互式地球仪，当孩子们在地图上触摸一个国家时，它就会向孩子们讲述这个国家。分析可知，所填空应是形容词作表语。结合主语“These tys”意为“这些玩具”可推知，玩具是有趣的，吸引人的。选项F“engaging”，形容词，意为“有趣的，令人愉快的，迷人的”，符合句意分析。故选F项。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：会顶嘴和进行对话的动作人物、机器人或玩偶可以成为聪明的伴侣。分析可知，“smart”为形容词，作定语修饰名词，所填空为名词。结合主语“dlls”意为“玩偶”可推知，玩偶对于孩子来说是一种陪伴或同伴。选项I“cmpanins”，名词复数，意为“同伴，陪伴”，符合句意分析。故选I项。
【40题详解】
考查动词。句意：然而，在一个可以通过与设备互动收集如此多信息的环境中，儿童不再仅仅是“玩家”或“消费者”。分析可知，所填空为动词，作谓语。根据后文“They becme “data subjects” that disclse infrmatin r “persnal data” abut themselves, bth cnsciusly and uncnsciusly.(他们成为“数据主体”，有意无意地公开自己的信息或“个人数据”。)”可知，孩子不再是单纯的玩家玩耍者或消费者，而成了玩具收集个人数据的数据主体，因此，这里应是动词“停止”，即，选项B“cease(停止，不再做)”。故选B项。
Ⅲ. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
In this wrld f rapid changes, everything seems t be pssible. There will eventually cme a day when the New Yrk Times stps ____41____ stries n paper. Exactly when that day will be is a matter f debate. “Smetime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.
Nstalgia (怀旧) as peple are fr ink n paper, there are plenty f reasns t ____42____ print. The basic facilities required t make a ____43____ newspaper—printing presses, delivery trucks — isn’t just expensive. Readers are keeping away frm print anyway. And thugh print advertisement sales still ____44____ their nline and mbile cunterparts, incme frm print is still declining.
Cst may be high and circulatin lwer but rushing t ____45____ its print editin wuld be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jnah Petretti.
Petretti says the Times shuldn’t waste time getting ut f the print business, but nly if they g abut ding it the right way. “Figuring ut a way t speed up that ____46____ wuld make sense fr them,” he said, ‘‘but if yu discntinue it, yu’re ging t have yur mst faithful custmers really upset with yu.”
Smetimes that’s well wrth ____47____ anyway. Petretti gives the example f Netflix ____48____ its DVD-mailing service t fcus n streaming (流媒体). “It was nce seen as a(n) ____49____,” he said. The mve turned ut t be fresighted. “If I were in charge at the Times, I wuldn’t pick a year t_____50_____ print,” Petretti said, “I wuld raise prices and make it int mre f a legacy prduct, which has sme advantage ver a mdern prduct, making it appealing fr custmers t keep it arund.”
As a matter f fact, the mst lyal custmers wuld still get the prduct they _____51_____. The idea ges, and they’d feel like that they were helping maintain the quality f smething they believe in. “S if yu’re _____52_____ print, yu culd feel like that yu were helping,” Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try t generate additinal _____53_____.” In ther wrds, if yu’re ging t print prduct, make it fr the peple wh are already bsessed with it, which may be what the Times is ding already. Getting the print editin seven days a week csts nearly $500 a year — mre than twice as much as a digital-nly _____54_____.
“It’s a really hard thing t d and it’s a tremendus luxury that BuzzFeed desn’t have a legacy business,” Petretti remarked. “But we’re ging t have questins like that. We’re ding things that dn’t make sense when the market _____55_____ and s des the wrld. In thse situatins, it’s better t be mre aggressive than less aggressive.
41. A. cmmentingB. publishingC. initiatingD. describing
42. A. restreB. prmteC. stimulateD. abandn
43. A. physicalB. influentialC. wrthyD. prfitable
44. A. fllwB. transferC. vertakeD. utlk
45. A. reverseB. eliminateC. maintainD. evaluate
46. A. transitinB. existenceC. applicatinD. islatin
47. A. playing safeB. fllwing a general ruleC. keeping t a rutineD. making a definite change
48. A. stimulatingB. discntinuingC. regulatingD. fulfilling
49. A. achievementB. tendencyC. pprtunityD. mistake
50. A. spnsrB. fundC. endD. establish
51. A. favurB. facilitateC. shareD. affrd
52. A. benefiting frmB. referring tC. verpaying frD. trying ut
53. A. identityB. variatinC. lyaltyD. incme
54. A. subscriptinB. advancementC. plicyD. technlgy
55. A. shrinksB. changesC. emergesD. dminates
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. D 50. C 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。在快速变化的时代，《纽约时报》将取消纸质印刷。BuzzFeed首席执行官Jnah Petretti认为这是不明智的选择，并列举了一些原因和例子。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：总有一天，《纽约时报》会停止纸质报道。A. cmmenting评论；B. publishing发布，出版；C. initiating启动；D. describing描述。根据后文“Nstalgia as peple are fr ink n paper, there are plenty f reasns t __2___ print. ”可知，尽管人们怀旧，还是有很多理由停止印刷版，所以《纽约时报》将停止在纸上出版报道。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管人们怀旧纸上的墨水，还是有很多理由放弃印刷。A. restre恢复；B. prmte促进； C. stimulate刺激；D. abandn放弃。根据前文“There will eventually cme a day when the New Yrk Times stps ___1__ stries n paper. ”可知，《纽约时报》将停止纸质报道，所以此处作者表达的是有很多理由放弃印刷。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为制作纸质报纸所需的基本设施——印刷机、运输卡车——不仅是昂贵的。A. physical有形的、物质的；B. influential有影响的；C. wrthy有价值的；D. prfitable有利可图的。根据后文的“printing presses, delivery trucks ”可知，这些设施是为了做出纸质版的报纸，即相对于电子版是有形的、实体的。故选A项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管平面广告销售额仍然超过了在线广告和移动广告，但来自平面广告的收入仍在下降。A. fllw跟踪，追随；B. transfer转移；C. vertake超过；D. utlk展望。根据前文的“thugh”和后文的“ incme frm print is still declining”可知，纸质版的广告收入在下降，尽管纸质版广告的销售额比电子版的多。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：BuzzFeed首席执行官Jnah Petretti表示，成本可能很高，发行量可能会下降，但急于取消印刷版将是一个错误。 A. reverse逆转；B. eliminate剔除；C. maintain维持；D. evaluate评估。根据前文的“Cst may be high”、“but”和后文“mistake”可知，即使成本较高，停止纸质版的印刷是不明智的。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：想办法加快这种转变对他们来说是有意义的。A. transitin转变，过渡；B. existence存在；C. applicatin应用；D. islatin隔离，孤立。根据前文“ print advertisement sales still ___4___ their nline and mbile cunterparts,”可知，加速从纸质版到电子版的过渡转变是有意义的。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时候，无论如何，这都是值得做出明确改变的。A. playing safe安全行事；B. fllwing a general rule遵循一般规则；C. keeping t a rutine遵循常规；D. making a definite change做出明确的改变。根据后文举例“Netflix __8__its DVD-mailing service t fcus n streaming ”和“The mve turned ut t be fresighted.”可知，做出转型的是有意义的。故选D项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Petretti举了Netflix中段DVD邮寄服务以专注于流媒体的例子。A. stimulating刺激；B. discntinuing中断；C. regulating调节；D. fulfilling实现。根据前文“Smetimes that’s well wrth ”可知，举例的Netflix为了转型，中断邮寄服务。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这曾被视为一个错误。A. achievement成就；B. tendency倾向；C. pprtunity机会；D. mistake错误。根据前文“nce”和后文“The mve turned ut t be fresighted”可知，这一举动后来证明是有先见之明的；它曾经被看做是一种错误。故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我是《纽约时报》的负责人，我不会选择在哪一年停止印刷。A. spnsr赞助；B. fund提供基金；C. end结束；D. establish设立。根据后文“I wuld raise prices and make it int mre f a legacy prduct, which has sme advantage ver a mdern prduct, making it appealing fr custmers t keep it arund.”可知，作者如果是《纽约时报》负责人，他会抬高传统报纸的价格，而不是停止印刷报纸。故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，最忠实的客户仍然会得到他们喜欢的产品。A. favur赞成 、喜爱 ；B. facilitate使便利，促进；C. share分享；D. affrd负担得起。根据前文“the mst lyal custmers”和后文“ they’d feel like that they were helping maintain the quality f smething they believe in”可知，这些忠实的客户感觉自己在帮忙，所以这些产品是他们所喜爱的。故选A项。
【52题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以，如果你花了太多钱买纸质版，你可能会觉得自己是在帮忙。A. benefiting frm受益于；B. referring t指代；C. verpaying fr为……支付过高的费用；D. trying ut尝试。根据前文“I wuld raise prices and make it int mre f a legacy prduct, which has sme advantage ver a mdern prduct, making it appealing fr custmers t keep it arund.”可知，负责人可以通过提高价格，吸引顾客，那么你（顾客）会用更高价格购买纸质版。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后每年以更高的速度增加，并试图产生额外的收入。A. identity身份；B. variatin变化；C. lyalty忠诚；D. incme收入。根据前文“ increase it at a higher rate each year”可知，每年以更高的速度增加，会增加收入。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周7天订阅印刷版每年要花费近500美元，是纯数字订阅的两倍多。A. subscriptin订阅；B. advancement进度；C. plicy策略；D. technlgy技术。根据前文中“ generate additinal ___13___”和“make it fr the peple wh are already bsessed with it”可知，印刷版比电子版贵，即用户订阅版更赚钱。故选A项。
【55题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当市场和世界发生变化时，我们正在做一些没有意义的事情。A. shrinks缩小；B. changes改变；C. emerges出现；D. dminates主导。根据第二段中“Readers are keeping away frm print anyway”可知，读者正在远离纸质版印刷物，所以时代和这个世界正在发生改变。故选B项。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have read.
(A)
Raccns are arguably the mst successful urban carnivre (食肉动物) in Nrth America. They maintain large ppulatins in mst U.S. cities and are certainly just as cmmn in Chicag, thugh actual ppulatin estimates are unknwn. Almst anyne wh has spent time utdrs at night has likely seen ne, and they are quite difficult t cnfuse with anything else — their fat bdies, and mask-like facial markings, make them quite distinctive, and even perhaps charming.
A typical urban raccn is able t eat virtually anything. Their diet includes earthwrms, carrin, plant matter, cat fd, and all kind f discarded human fd waste. Raccns are prbably the mst advanced wildlife which can dive ur dustbins. Their paws (爪子) are quite dexterus and enable them t access clsed garbage dustbins. Raccns are als capable climbers and can be fund n the tp f fences and in trees. While they are typically slitary, they are willing t tlerate crwds f ther raccns if high quality fd resurces are present. They give birth nce and smetimes twice a year in late spring and make use f a wide variety f den (巢穴) sites, including hllw trees, chimneys, etc. Because they make dens in a variety f human structures, raccns can be a surce f human-wildlife cnflict, thrugh direct cnfrntatin with humans, prperty damage caused by their activities, and, perhaps mst critically, thrugh the transmissin f disease. Leptspirsis, canine distemper, raccn rundwrm, and rabies are the mst imprtant zntic (人畜共患的) diseases carried by raccns. Rabies in particular has had a massive effect n raccn ppulatins and caused a public health attentin, t the pint where use f vaccine have been attempted in sme cities.
In mst cases where raccns are reprted by the public, n management actin is necessary. Large packs f raccns, such as thse ften sighted alng the lakeshre path, likely suggest a large artificial fd surce, such as peple deliberately feeding raccns n unchecked garbage. These large gatherings present a high disease risk and peple shuld be strngly discuraged frm feeding raccns r leaving fd utside fr them. In cases where there is evidence f disease, individual raccns will need t be trapped and killed.
56. What d we knw abut raccns frm the first paragraph?
A. They are unknwn in Chicag.B. They are easily recgnized.
C. They tend t attack peple at night.D. They are declining in ppulatin.
57. The wrd “dexterus” (in paragraph tw) prbably means “______”.
A. skillfulB. mysteriusC. invisibleD. abnrmal
58. Frm the sentence “While they are typically…” (in paragraph tw), we knw that raccns prefer t ______.
A. share fdB. be in crwd
C. live separatelyD. hide high quality fd
59. What d we knw frm the last paragraph?
A. Peple are encuraged t feed raccns.
B. Raccns are killed as fd surce fr peple.
C. Immediate measures are adpted when raccns are fund.
D. Extreme actins may be taken t deal with racns carrying disease.
【答案】56. B 57. A 58. C 59. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了浣熊可以说是北美最成功的城市食肉动物，即使在晚上，也会容易被辨认出来。其灵巧的爪子，善爬树和筑巢的能力，使浣熊在人类城市生活的“风生水起”，也因此会成为一些人畜共患疾病的传播者。因此，应该采取极端措施处理导致患病的浣熊。
【56题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Almst anyne wh has spent time utdrs at night has likely seen ne, and they are quite difficult t cnfuse with anything else — their fat bdies, and mask-like facial markings, make them quite distinctive, and even perhaps charming.(几乎任何一个晚上在户外呆过的人都可能见过它们，它们很难与其他任何东西相混淆——它们肥胖的身体和面具一样的面部斑纹，使它们非常独特，甚至可能很迷人。)”可知，浣熊因为其独特的肥胖的身体和面具一样的面部斑纹而容易被认出来。故选B项。
【57题详解】
词义猜测题。根据后文的进一步解释“enable them t access clsed garbage dustbins(使它们能够进入封闭的垃圾箱)”可知，浣熊的爪子使它们能够打开封闭的垃圾箱，由此可知，它们的爪子很灵巧。因此推知，“dexterus”应是“灵巧的”含义，与选项A“skilled”含义一致。故选A项。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。根据这句话“While they are typically slitary, they are willing t tlerate crwds f ther raccns if high quality fd resurces are present.(虽然它们通常是独居的，但如果有高质量的食物资源，它们愿意忍受其他浣熊的群居。)”可知，只有在有高质量的食物资源时，浣熊们才愿意过群居生活，一般情况下是独居。由此可推知，浣熊更喜欢独自生活。故选C项。
【59题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章末尾部分内容“In cases where there is evidence f disease, individual raccns will need t be trapped and killed.(在有疾病证据的情况下，单个浣熊将需要被困住并杀死。)”可知，导致患病的浣熊将会被捕杀，即，采取捕杀这种极端的方式对其进行处理。故选D项。
(B)
60 What encuraged Mavis Cheek t becme a writer?
A. The expectatin f the wrthy financial rewards.
B. The desire t cmbine the rle f a mther and a career.
C The established idea f gaining reputatin f a famus writer.
D. The wish f encuraging peple thrugh the pwer f literature.
61. Overall, Mavis Cheek describes the writing prfessin as ______.
A. mtivating but strugglingB. respectable but impersnal
C. stressful and unfulfillingD. exciting and financially rewarding
62. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is true?
A. Mavis Cheek had earned a lt befre she became a writer.
B. The incme frm writing has remved Mavis Cheek’s material wrries.
C. Mavis Cheek’s career nce almst came t an end due t unfavrable cmments.
D. Successful as she is, Mavis Cheek still feels it hard t satisfy the readers cntinuusly.
【答案】60. B 61. A 62. D
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。通过采访，报道了Mavis Cheek的写作生涯。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个问题Q: What initially inspired yu t becme a writer? 下列段落中“Of curse, the great inspiratin was having my daughter and wanting t be at hme with the baby while using my brain. (当然，最大的灵感是有了女儿，我想在家里用我的大脑和孩子在一起。)”可知，是把一个母亲的角色和事业结合起来的愿望鼓励了Mavis Cheek成为一名作家。故选B项。
【61题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二个问题Q: What’s been yur mst exciting bk and why?的回答中“The mst exciting bk t have published was my first (Pause Between Acts, 1988), which had abslutely wnderful reviews everywhere (except the New Yrk Times – and I didn’t mind that at all – just t be in the NYT was thrilling). It gave me extreme excitement, when the first f thse came ut. (我出版过的最令人兴奋的书是我的第一本书(1988年出版的《幕间停顿》)，到处都有非常好的评论(除了《纽约时报》——我一点也不介意——能上《纽约时报》就很激动了)。当第一部作品问世时，我非常兴奋。)”以及第三个问题回答中“Believe me, if I didn’t have a mrtgage in the bank, I’d be lying n Greek beach right nw, nt struggling t make sense f yet anther nvel. (相信我，如果我在银行没有抵押贷款，我现在会躺在希腊的海滩上，而不是艰苦奋斗着去搞另一部小说。)”可知，Mavis Cheek认为自己的写作职业既有兴奋的激励又有艰苦的奋斗。故选A项。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一个问题回答中“Finding new ways f pleasing the readers ne mre time gets harder— at least fr me. (至少对我来说，再一次找到使读者满意的新方法变得更难了。)”可知，Mavis Cheek虽然很成功，但她仍然觉得很难不断地满足读者。故选D项。
(C)
Building gd transprtatin is a gd idea. T have envirnmental value, new transprtatin has t sufficiently replace r eliminate driving t cut energy cnsumptin verall. That means that a new traffic system has t be supprted by reductin in car use. Traffic lanes shuld be eliminated r cnverted int bike r bus lanes. Ideally, these shuld be cmbined with higher fuel taxes, and parking fees. Needless t say, I have t struggle t make myself extensively understd. But they’re necessary, because yu can’t make peple drive less, in the lng run, by taking steps that make driving mre pleasant, ecnmical, and prductive.
Lengthy cmmuting (通勤) time is a frceful factr which can slw the grwth f suburbs. The farther peple live away frm cities, the lnger cmmuting time they need, which means mre pllutin their cars prduce. If, in a misguided effrt t d smething f envirnmental value, gvernments take steps that make lng-distance car cmmuting faster r mre cnvenient—by adding lanes, building bypass, emplying traffic-cntrl measures that make it pssible fr existing rads t accmmdate mre cars with fewer delays—we are actually encuraging peple t live still farther frm their jbs, stres, and schls. As a result, gvernments are frced t further extend rad netwrks, water lines, and ther facilities. If yu cut cmmuting time by 10 percent, peple wh nw drive fifty miles each way t wrk can find reasn t mve five miles farther ut, because their travel time wn’t change.
Traffic cngestin (拥堵) isn’t an envirnmental prblem; traffic is. Relieving cngestin withut ding anything t reduce the ttal vlume f cars can nly make the real prblem wrse. Highway engineers have knwn fr a lng time that building new car lanes nly temprarily reduces cngestin, because the new lanes add additinal driving. Widening rads makes traffic mve faster in the shrt term, but the imprved cnditins eventually attract additinal drivers, and cngestin reappears. With mre car n the rads, peple think abut widening rads again. Mving drivers ut f cars and int ther frms f transprtatin can have the same effect, if existing traffic lanes are kept in service: rad space stimulates rad use.
One f the arguments that cities inevitably make in prmting transprtatin plans is that the new system, by relieving autmbile cngestin, will imprve the lives f thse wh cntinue t drive. N ne ever prmtes a transprtatin system by arguing that it wuld make travelling less cnvenient—even thugh, frm an envirnmental perspective, incnvenient travel is a wrthy gal.
63. In the first paragraph, the authr gives us the hint that his recmmendatins are ______.
A. nt widely supprtedB. cstly t carry ut
C. generally recgnizedD. temprarily beneficial
64. Accrding t the passage, what will happen if cmmuting time fr drivers is reduced?
A. Drivers will becme mre prductive emplyees.
B. Mass transprtatin will be extended farther int suburban areas.
C. Drivers will be mre willing t live farther frm their wrking place.
D. Mass transprtatin will carry fewer passengers and receive less gvernment funding.
65. Which f the fllwing can be inferred abut the authr’s attitude twards the measures t imprve traffic?
A. They are envirnmentally beneficial and shuld be carried ut immediately.
B. They are well intentined but ultimately lead t envirnmental harm.
C. They will definitely aruse peple’s awareness f envirnmental prtectin.
D. They will nly wrk if they can make driving mre ecnmical and prductive.
66. The authr wrte this massage mainly t ______.
A. supprt the claim that effrts t reduce traffic actually increase traffic.
B. ppse the belief that imprving mass transprtatin systems is gd fr the envirnment.
C. prvide a balance between suburban expansin and traffic cngestin.
D. indicate that making driving less agreeable is a way t reduce negative effects f traffic.
【答案】63. A 64. C 65. B 66. D
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者提出了为缓解交通对环境造成的破坏，需要减少汽车使用，把汽车出行变得不方便。这一观点并不为大众所接受。他通过指出减少通勤时间的好处和现行的一些缓解措施的不足分析支持自己的观点。
【63题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第五句“Needless t say, I have t struggle t make myself extensively understd.(更不用说，我必须努力让自己被广泛地理解)”可知，作者的想法目前并没有被广泛接受，即没有被大众广泛支持。故选A项。
【64题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“If yu cut cmmuting time by 10 percent, peple wh nw drive fifty miles each way t wrk can find reasn t mve five miles farther ut, because their travel time wn’t change.(如果你将通勤时间减少10%，那么现在每天单程开车50英里上班的人就有理由再往外走5英里，因为他们的行程时间不会改变)”可知，如果通勤时间减少，人们会愿意住得离上班的地方更远些。故选C项。
【65题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段第一二句“Traffic cngestin (拥堵) isn’t an envirnmental prblem; traffic is. Relieving cngestin withut ding anything t reduce the ttal vlume f cars can nly make the real prblem wrse. Highway engineers have knwn fr a lng time that building new car lanes nly temprarily reduces cngestin, because the new lanes add additinal driving.（交通拥堵不是环境问题；交通本身就是。不采取任何措施减少汽车总量来缓解拥堵只会使真正的问题变得更糟。公路工程师们早就知道，修建新的车道只是暂时减少拥堵，因为新车道增加了额外的驾驶。）”可知，作者认为现有的比如增加车道目的在不缓解拥堵，但实际上增加了驾驶，从长远看反而对环境有害。故可推测出作者认为这些措施是出自好心，但对环境有害。故选B项。
【66题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第三句“That means that a new traffic system has t be supprted by reductin in car use.(这意味着新的交通系统必须通过减少汽车使用来支持)”和最后一句“N ne ever prmtes a transprtatin system by arguing that it wuld make travelling less cnvenient—even thugh, frm an envirnmental perspective, incnvenient travel is a wrthy gal.(从来没有人通过争论某个交通系统会使旅行变得不那么方便来推广这个交通系统，尽管从环境角度来看，不方便的旅行是一个值得追求的目标)”可知，在作者眼里，为了缓解环境压力，把开车出行变得不那么方便，不那么让人开心是一个好方法在，这也是他在本文中推崇的。故选D项。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
Humankind has tried t imprve its standard f living since the very beginning f civilizatin. Back then, and tday, prviding fd was the basic task fr a persn. ____67____ Peple feel the need fr nt nly sme primary things, such as bread and shelters, but als fr varius facilities and luxuries. Prviding humanity with these things is cnnected t the use f natural resurces, which requires energy. In turn, the cmmn surces f energy we use tday cause pllutin, s ecnmic grwth is almst inevitably assciated with envirnmental damage.
____68____ The first f these is the fact that in rder t prduce mre gds and prducts, at a faster rate, the cnstructin f large industrial plants is required. These plants prduce a lt f waste, which may cause negative lng-term health effects t nearby ppulatins f animals, r peple.
The traditinal energy surces, which are cmmnly used nwadays, are cnsidered t be the greatest plluters t the envirnment. There als exist s-called ec-friendly surces f energy.
____69____ Of curse, during this time peple have t make sme sacrifices t supprt these undertakings.
In rder t prduce practical energy, a transfrmatin f the natural site is ften inevitable. This is expensive and, has harmful effects n the envirnment. Applicatin f wind energy wuld blck airflw’s natural speed. Cnsequently, the pressure balance that is brught abut by this current will be affected, and it is imprtant t remember that the envirnment and weather cnditins are directly affected by atmspheric pressure. ____70____ This is the embarrassment mankind has t deal with. A gd balance between ecnmic develpment and sustainability is frever what humankind has t keep in mind.
A. There are certain aspects f ecnmic grwth which affect the envirnment.
B. Clean energy has always been n the pririty list fr a better envirnment.
C. Fr these reasns, bringing abut ecnmic grwth withut any resulting envirnmental damage is impssible.
D. Hwever, nwadays the range f required gds has expanded significantly.
E. S humankind began t make explratin t satisfy themselves ecnmically and mentally.
F. They are smetimes preferred but replacing the traditinal surces with them als requires time.
【答案】67. D 68. A 69. F 70. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述人类一直致力于提高生活质量，食物和安全感是一个人最基本的需要。但是现在，食物的种类已经有了显著的增多。人们需要消耗自然资源来制造生活必需品，反过来，消耗自然资源会造成环境污染。因此，经济增长不可避免地会造成环境的破坏。
【67题详解】
根据上文“Back then, and tday, prviding fd was the basic task fr a persn.(在当时和今天，提供食物是一个人的基本任务)”及下文“Peple feel the need fr nt nly sme primary things, such as bread and shelters, but als fr varius facilities and luxuries.(人们不仅感到需要一些基本的东西，如面包和住所，而且还需要各种设施和奢侈品)”可知，以前人的基本任务是提供食物，而现在人们除了食物还需要各种设施和奢侈品，所以如今人们需要的东西范围扩大了，D项“然而，现在所需商品的范围已经大大扩大了”符合语境，故选D。
【68题详解】
根据空后“The first f these is the fact that in rder t prduce mre gds and prducts, at a faster rate, the cnstructin f large industrial plants is required. These plants prduce a lt f waste, which may cause negative lng-term health effects t nearby ppulatins f animals, r peple.(首先，为了以更快的速度生产更多的商品和产品，需要建造大型工业工厂。这些植物产生大量废物，可能会对附近的动物或人类造成长期的负面健康影响)”可知，本段是讲述经济增长对环境的影响，A项“经济增长的某些方面会影响环境”符合语境，故选A。
【69题详解】
根据下文“Of curse, during this time peple have t make sme sacrifices t supprt these undertakings.(当然，在这段时间里，人们不得不做出一些牺牲来支持这些事业)”中的“this time”可知，空处应是提到关于时间，F项“它们有时是首选，但用它们取代传统来源也需要时间”符合语境。故选F。
【70题详解】
根据上文“Cnsequently, the pressure balance that is brught abut by this current will be affected, and it is imprtant t remember that the envirnment and weather cnditins are directly affected by atmspheric pressure.(因此，这种气流带来的压力平衡将受到影响，重要的是要记住，环境和天气条件直接受到大气压力的影响)”可知，为了发展经济必然会给环境带来影响，C项“基于这些原因，只带来经济增长而不造成任何环境破坏是不可能的”符合语境。故选C。
Ⅳ. Summary Writing
71. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint (s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Is Leather Gd r Nt?
Fr thusands f years, humans have used leather t make everything frm clthing t furniture t ftwear. The skin f animals is a material that is strng, hard-wearing and flexible. These qualities make leather a ppular material fr many different prducts, but mre peple are becming cncerned abut the ptential harm caused by items they buy. Shuld we respect ancient traditins r is having real leather nt as imprtant as it used t be?
The treatment f animals raised fr their skins is a massive issue. Accrding t the Fd and Agriculture Organisatin (FAO), mre than 2.29 billin cws, pigs and gats are killed each year fr their hides. This des nt include the animal skin f fancier leather prducts, such as sheep, crcdiles, kangars and lizards.
There’s als an envirnmental prblem. Prducing leather is a very plluting prcess, because it requires treating the skins with chemicals. During the prcedure, called tanning, chemicals change the fibres (纤维) inside the leather, making it tugher. A tanning facility uses mre than 60,000 litres f water fr every tnne f leather prduced. It uses huge amunts f pisnus chemicals, including substances cntaining heavy metals such as chrmium, which when washed ut ends up in nearby sil and drinking water that peple use.
Hwever, the making f leather is nt entirely negative. Selling animal skin is a key surce f incme fr remte ppulatins such as the Inuit peple in Canada. Every day, cws, pigs and gats are killed fr their meat t be sld in supermarkets. It’s respectful nt t waste anything, and withut leather their skins wuld have t be buried r burned.
Althugh there are alternatives t leather, sme f these fabrics are nly 85% t 90% bidegradable (可生物降解的). Vegan leather can be made frm plastics which take years t bidegrade, s it’s actually wrse fr the planet.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Peple have used leather fr varius purpses fr its unique qualities but cncern abut its ptential harm and cntinuus emplyment is rising. Slaughter fr animals’ skins n a large scale and the envirnmental prblem caused by chemicals invlved in the prcessing curse are main issues. While, as a surce f incme fr sme peple and with gd bidegradability cmpared with alternatives, leather use is als psitive.
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了由于皮革的独特品质，人们将其用于各种用途，但对其潜在危害和持续使用的担忧日益增加。一些人认为与替代品相比，皮革具有良好的生物降解性，使用皮革也是积极的。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①Fr thusands f years, humans have used leather t make everything frm clthing t furniture t ftwear.
②but mre peple are becming cncerned abut the ptential harm caused by items they buy.
③The treatment f animals raised fr their skins is a massive issue.
④This des nt include the animal skin f fancier leather prducts, such as sheep, crcdiles, kangars and lizards.
⑤There’s als an envirnmental prblem.
⑥The making f leather is nt entirely negative.
⑦Selling animal skin is a key surce f incme fr remte ppulatins such as the Inuit peple in Canada.
⑧Althugh there are alternatives t leather, sme f these fabrics are nly 85% t 90% bidegradable (可生物降解的)
2.缜密构思
将第1，2个要点进行整合，将第3、4、5三个要点进行整合，将第6，7，8个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
Humans have used leather t make everything but care abut its ptential harm and cntinuus emplyment is rising.
The treatment f animals raised fr their skins and the envirnmental prblem are massive issues.
The making f leather is nt entirely negative because it is a surce f incme fr sme peple and with gd bidegradability cmpared with alternatives.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Slaughter fr animals’ skins n a large scale and the envirnmental prblem caused by chemicals invlved in the prcessing curse are main issues. (运用非谓语动词对原文第二、三段进行了概括。)
[高分句型2] While, as a surce f incme fr sme peple and with gd bidegradability cmpared with alternatives, leather use is als psitive.(用with复合结构作状语对最后一段进行了概括，表达非常高级。)
V. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
72. 刚到学校我就发现把化学书忘家里了。(Hardly…)(汉译英)
【答案】Hardly had I gt t schl when I fund that I had left my chemistry bk at hme.
【详解】考查倒装句、状语从句、宾语从句和时态。“刚……就”用表示，主句用过去完成时。hardly位于句首，后面用部分倒装，“刚到学校”可以表示为hardly had I gt t schl，“我就发现”，用when引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，表示为when I fund，动词后是宾语从句，只起连接作用用that引导，“我把化学书忘家里了”，表示过去之前发生的动作，用过去完成时，表示为 I had left my chemistry bk at hme，故翻译为Hardly had I gt t schl when I fund that I had left my chemistry bk at hme.。
73. 如果周三下雨的话慈善义卖还照常进行吗? （schedule）（汉译英）
【答案】Will the charity sale be held as scheduled if it rains this Wednesday?
【详解】考查时态、语态、条件状语从句和固定短语。根据句意可知，句子应用“if”引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，“the charity sale”作主句主语，意为“慈善义卖”，“hld”意为“举行”，动词词性，“the charity sale”和“hld”为被动关系，故主句应用一般将来时的被动语态，谓语动词为“will be held”，句子为一般疑问句，“will”提前，句首单词首字母大写，“as scheduled”意为“如期，照常”，“Will the charity sale be held as scheduled”表示“慈善义卖还照常进行吗”， 从句用一般现在时表将来，“rain”意为“下雨”，“this Wednesday”表示“这周三”，“if it rains this Wednesday”表示“如果周三下雨的话”。故翻译为Will the charity sale be held as scheduled if it rains this Wednesday?
74. 这两位网球选手水平相当，不到最后一刻很难预料冠军归属。(equal) (汉译英)
【答案】The tw tennis players are equal in ability, s it’s hard t predict wh will win the champinship until the last mment.
【详解】考查时态，宾语从句和短语。根据句意可知，“这两位网球选手水平相当”是第一分句，表原因，其中主语“这两位网球选手”可用the tw tennis players表示，“水平相当”可用be equal in ability表示，因主语是复数名词，系动词用are，可译为：the tw tennis players are equal in ability； “不到最后一刻很难预料冠军归属”是第二分句，表结果，用并列连词s连接，“很难预料”可用固定句型it’s hard t predict...，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，“冠军归属谁”可处理为宾语从句wh will win the champinship，“不到最后一刻”是时间状语，用until the last mment表示，可译为：s it’s hard t predict wh will win the champinship until the last mment。综上， 全句译为：The tw tennis players are equal in ability, s it’s hard t predict wh will win the champinship until the last mment.
75. 看到那么多年轻人自愿学舞龙，这位老艺人如释重负，感觉这门古老的技艺后继有人了。(relieve) (汉译英)
【答案】Finding that s many yung peple vlunteered t learn dragn dance, the ld artist felt relieved and he believed the ancient art culd be handed dwn t the next generatin.
【详解】考查relieve的用法、时态、非谓语动词和从句。句子陈述的是过去的事实，应用一般过去时。“看到那么多年轻人自愿学舞龙”可以用“现在分词+that宾语从句”的结构来表示，放在句首，作状语；“看到”可以用find来表达，与主语“老艺人”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式finding；“那么多年轻人”可译为s many yung peple;“自愿学舞龙”可译为vlunteered t learn dragn dance；故“看到那么多年轻人自愿学舞龙”可译为Finding that s many yung peple vlunteered t learn dragn。“这位老艺人”用the ld artist来表达；“如释重负”可用系表结构来表示，felt relieved；“感觉这门古老的技艺后继有人了”可理解为“他认为这门古老的技艺可以传承给下一代人了”，“传承”可用动词短语hand dwn来表示，省略that宾语从句表达，所以此句可译为he believed the ancient art culd be handed dwn t the next generatin；“感觉”和前面的“如释重负”是并列的动作，所以和前面的句子用and来连接。故翻译为Finding that s many yung peple vlunteered t learn dragn dance, the ld artist felt relieved and he believed the ancient art culd be handed dwn t the next generatin.
Ⅵ. Guided Writing
76. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120 - 150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织来中国进行主题夏令营活动，每个学生可以从以下三个主题营中选择一个参加： 1.唐诗(Tang pems)学习夏令营;2.乒乓球训练营 ;3. 剪纸(paper-cutting)学习夏令营。Jim来信希望你能给他推荐一个。请你给他回信，内容包括：1.你的建议; 2. 你的理由。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jim,
I am glad that yu are ging t take part in summer camps in China. Of the three themes, I suggest that yu shuld chse t learn t play table tennis. My reasns are as fllws.
In the beginning, it is easy t learn table tennis. Table tennis can help yu build up yur strength and make yu becme mre energetic. What’s mre, table tennis is ppular amng Chinese peple. By participating in this table tennis training class, nt nly can yu make sme friends with the same interest but als yu can get sme prfessinal guidance and imprve yur skills.
I hpe yu will enjy yur summer camp. I am lking frward t meeting yu in China.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友吉姆回信，给他推荐一个夏令营活动主题，并介绍推荐理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→pleased
参加：take part in→participate in
此外：what’s mre→besides
希望：hpe→wish
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：In the beginning, it is easy t learn table tennis. Table tennis can help yu build up yur strength and make yu becme mre energetic.
拓展句：In the beginning, it is easy t learn table tennis which can help yu build up yur strength and make yu becme mre energetic.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Of the three themes, I suggest that yu shuld chse t learn t play table tennis.（运用了that引导宾语从句，从句使用虚拟语气）
【高分句型2】By participating in this table tennis training class, nt nly can yu make sme friends with the same interest but als yu can get sme prfessinal guidance and imprve yur skills.（运用了nt nly置于句首，句子使用部分倒装结构）A. bjects B. cease C. remved D. substitutins E. justified
F. engaging G. respnsible H. present I. cmpanins J. emply
K. expsing
ALCS NEWS Autumn 2021
Mavis Cheek (brn 1948) is an English nvelist, authr f 15 nvels.
Mavis Cheek in cnversatin abut her writing life
Q: What initially inspired yu t becme a writer?
A: Being unqualified t d any ther jb was a great help – r rather spur (激励). If I’d been able t be a secretary r a typist, fr example, then ecnmics might well have vertaken me in the years I spent imprving my craft and trying t get published. Of curse, the great inspiratin was having my daughter and wanting t be at hme with the baby while using my brain.
Q: What’s been yur mst exciting bk and why?
A: My latest Amenable Wmen, frm the pint f view f all the research I had t d – which I hugely enjyed, by the way. The mst exciting bk t have published was my first (Pause Between Acts, 1988), which had abslutely wnderful reviews everywhere (except the New Yrk Times – and I didn’t mind that at all – just t be in the NYT was thrilling). It gave me extreme excitement, when the first f thse came ut.
Q: Yu nce said that “any writer with a mrtgage (贷款) never gets writer’s blck”. D yur views differ nw yu have had 12 cmmercially successful bks? If s, why?
A: I still think that ne f the best (and wrst) spurs t writing and fr cntinuing t write is a requirement t earn a living. The rad t publicatin is littered with the crpses (尸体) f wuld-be authrs wh can’t make it t the secnd r third bk. I’ve just recently been sent a new nvel by a really gd authr wh were less successful fr years and I am sure it was largely due t her having a private incme. Believe me, if I didn’t have a mrtgage in the bank, I’d be lying n Greek beach right nw, nt struggling t make sense f yet anther nvel.
Q: The mre successful yu becme, d yu find it harder t cme up with cncepts fr a new nvel?
A: It’s harder t believe yu are getting better at the jb, thugh bviusly that’s what I and mst writers want. Basically, we cmpete with urselves while trying t cntinue pleasing ur audience. Finding new ways f pleasing the readers ne mre time gets harder— at least fr me. I always have t start with an idea that’s suddenly entered my head, and which wn’t g away. Currently I’m suffered by thughts f truth and hw hard it is t maintain in an rdinary life.
A. bjects B. cease C. remved D. substitutins E. justified
F. engaging G. respnsible H. present I. cmpanins J. emply
K. expsing
ALCS NEWS Autumn 2021
Mavis Cheek (brn 1948) is an English nvelist, authr f 15 nvels.
Mavis Cheek in cnversatin abut her writing life
Q: What initially inspired yu t becme a writer?
A: Being unqualified t d any ther jb was a great help – r rather spur (激励). If I’d been able t be a secretary r a typist, fr example, then ecnmics might well have vertaken me in the years I spent imprving my craft and trying t get published. Of curse, the great inspiratin was having my daughter and wanting t be at hme with the baby while using my brain.
Q: What’s been yur mst exciting bk and why?
A: My latest Amenable Wmen, frm the pint f view f all the research I had t d – which I hugely enjyed, by the way. The mst exciting bk t have published was my first (Pause Between Acts, 1988), which had abslutely wnderful reviews everywhere (except the New Yrk Times – and I didn’t mind that at all – just t be in the NYT was thrilling). It gave me extreme excitement, when the first f thse came ut.
Q: Yu nce said that “any writer with a mrtgage (贷款) never gets writer’s blck”. D yur views differ nw yu have had 12 cmmercially successful bks? If s, why?
A: I still think that ne f the best (and wrst) spurs t writing and fr cntinuing t write is a requirement t earn a living. The rad t publicatin is littered with the crpses (尸体) f wuld-be authrs wh can’t make it t the secnd r third bk. I’ve just recently been sent a new nvel by a really gd authr wh were less successful fr years and I am sure it was largely due t her having a private incme. Believe me, if I didn’t have a mrtgage in the bank, I’d be lying n Greek beach right nw, nt struggling t make sense f yet anther nvel.
Q: The mre successful yu becme, d yu find it harder t cme up with cncepts fr a new nvel?
A: It’s harder t believe yu are getting better at the jb, thugh bviusly that’s what I and mst writers want. Basically, we cmpete with urselves while trying t cntinue pleasing ur audience. Finding new ways f pleasing the readers ne mre time gets harder— at least fr me. I always have t start with an idea that’s suddenly entered my head, and which wn’t g away. Currently I’m suffered by thughts f truth and hw hard it is t maintain in an rdinary life.