2023北京广渠门中学高三保温卷英语（教师版）

这是一份2023北京广渠门中学高三保温卷英语（教师版），共17页。试卷主要包含了假设你是红星中学高三学生李华等内容，欢迎下载使用。
完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．（15分） My wife and I usually dn't keep huseplants.Anything in pts gets either verwatered r underwatered.But after my diagnsis with a brain cancer，I lved the idea f having smething green and （1）
arund us.
Last year，my friend Mitch gave me a lucky bamb plant.Tending t the plant gave me a sense f （2） at a time when I smetimes felt useless because my ability t mve was limited.As a physician，I was used t being the ne wh （3） care.Watering the plant （4） me t a cre part f my ld identity and taught me I culd still be a caregiver.
Hwever，after several weeks grwing in perfect cnditin，the plant （5） began t shw signs f stress.N matter what I did，the leaves kept （6） and drpping t the flr.
"I can't even care fr a simple plant!" I yelled. "If my lucky bamb dies，I might die t!"
Identifying with the green and grwing plant had ffered me cmfrt.But when the tree was struggling，I felt increasingly uneasy and （7） .
It was several mnths later when I recvered frm surgery that I realized I had wrngly linked my careful nurturing f the plant—smething ver which I had at least sme cntrl—with my wn （8） —smething ver which I had n cntrl.
As my （9） lessened，I began t study nline tutrials t figure ut hw t care fr the tree.I transplanted it t a larger pt，and when it was back in the sunny windw，we bth began t thrive （旺盛） again.
Nw whenever I lk at the tree in its new pt，I make a pint t relax and think f the things I can （10） .
2．（15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
While engagement has never been mre challenging fr schls t achieve，it's als （1） （critical）than ever.Engagement is mre than just ensuring that lessns are fun.Upn deeper examinatin，engagement and mtivatin （2） （drive） by several factrs.D students get an pprtunity t help shape their gals and the prcess by which they are learning t achieve them？Des every student feel （3） （supprt） at schl？D students understand the value f （4） they're learning and believe that this value utweighs the cst f effrt？When these things are true，learning happens.
B
Faced with health r nutritin questins，it is （5） （increase） cmmn fr peple t g nline and diagnse themselves.But the Internet is full f cnflicting health warnings with n regulatin t remve the wrng advice，sme f （6） is extremely dangerus!Als，search engines rank results by ppularity rather than accuracy，s slid facts can be tricky t find.It is wrth examining （7） the writer f an nline piece is prperly qualified as an expert.Remember，nly fficially recgnized practicing dctrs as well as dietitians have degrees in giving medical suggestins.
C
Children ften learn new languages mre easily than adults d，accrding t a study （8） （carry） ut amng Belgian adults.Grasping a language （9） （require） absrbing language patterns uncnsciusly and that adults' cnscius reasning is t blame.Indeed，when （10） （begin） t learn a language，yu shuld immerse yurself in its sunds，even ﹣r especially ﹣whether yu are distracted r less cnscius.
阅读理解
3．（6分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Brn in the spirit f innvatin at the 1962 Wrld's Fair in Seattle，the Pacific Science Center has sparked curisity fr mre than 60 years as the natin's first science and technlgy center.When visiting the center，we ask guests t fllw the plicies and prcedures listed t ensure the best experience fr everyne visiting.
General Visitr Plicies
Pacific Science Center is cmmitted t creating an envirnment where everyne feels valued and welcme，and we expect ur guests t act in accrdance with this cmmitment.All guests are required t wear shes if yu enter the center.All yuth age 12 and under must be accmpanied by a respnsible adult r legal guardian thrughut their visit because sme experiences may require adult supervisin（监管）.If yu want t listen t music during yu visit，we kindly ask that yu use headphnes and/r keep the vlume f yur persnal electrnic devices at a reasnable level s as nt t disturb ther guests.Please be aware that use f persnal electrnic devices is nt allwed in ur Planetarium，IMAX，r laser thearters.
Ticketing Plicies
Fr yur security，Print at Hme tickets are individually cded and allw nly ne scan per entry.If mre than ne cpy f yur ticket is printed，r a phtcpy is made，nly the first scan f the barcde（条形码） n yur ticket will be allwed entry.Any subsequent cpies attempting t scan will alert staff that the ticket has already been scanned.
Refund and Exchange Plicies
All ticket sales are final and nn﹣refundable.All exchanges must be prcessed at least 24 hurs prir t the time and date f the event r reservatin.Exchanges are nt allwed after an event has started，fr tickets with dates in the past，r fr events r reservatins marked n refunds r exchanges.
Pht and Vide Plicies
Guest phtgraphy and videtaping with small，persnal recrding devices is permitted fr private，nn﹣cmmercial use.Tripds fr filming and phtgraphy are nt allwed in the exhibit halls.Phtgraphs and vides f the Science Center may nt be published，sld，reprduced r therwise cmmercially used withut written apprval frm Pacific Science Center.
Thank yu fr fllwing these guidelines and visiting Pacific Science Center.We appreciate yur supprt.Please call （206）443﹣2001 with any questin.
（1）Which f the fllwing is allwed in the center？
A.Yuth under the age 12 participate in the experiments alne.
B.Use tripds fr filming and phtgraphy in the exhibit halls.
C.Take pictures r vides with small，persnal recrding devices.
D.Use persnal electrnic devices in Planetarium，IMAX，r laser theaters.
（2）Yu can change the visit date f yur ticket .
A.tw days befre the visit
B.within 24 hurs after purchase
C.within 8 hurs befre the visit time
D.after an event f the center has started
（3）This passage is intended fr .
A.parents
B.turists
C.tur guides
D.students
4．（8分） She spent ver tw decades wrking her way up in the science industry，either as a chemist in a lab r in a management rle.Nw Berkeley Middle Schl teacher Mrs.Amy Adams is emplying her science skills in a different envirnment.She decided t mix things up a bit and came up with a winning frmula t help make a difference in the Adams is ur Cl Schl teacher f the week.
She tk a cuple f years ff after having children.While vlunteering at her kids' schl，she was fascinated by educatin.Adams says，"This is where I am suppsed t be.I lved my jb and the peple I wrked with，but I just kept feeling unsettled，s finally，I channeled my energy int smething meaningful."
Adams says she stepped ut n faith，and the rest is histry，well actually it's science.She's nw in year six f teaching seventh﹣grade science at BMS."This is my alma mater.I walked the halls f Berkeley Middle.S it is with all fur f my children.My yungest is walking the halls nw.It just feels like hme，"Adams said.
Adams describes her teaching style as interactive.She says，"I want them t have a vice and learn critical thinking，s we feature clrful activities.Whether it's nte﹣taking，wrksheets，ding DNA extractin s n a strawberry r dissecting frgs，the prcess is always interactive.By ding s，I intend t cultivate a culture f learning and aruse their interest in science."
LaTanya Butler，principal at BMS says，"She was in the science industry，s she can relate the cncepts she teaches t real life，which is ne f the great attributes t have in a teacher."
Butler says Mrs.Adams als pushed t add an additinal day t her wrk week."I've had t pen the building at her request s she can wrk n Saturdays.That's just the attitude she adpts，t g ver and beynd fr ur students here.I just appreciate Mrs.Adams fr hearing the call t switch t educatin.If I culd clne Mrs.Adams fifty mre times，nt nly Berkeley Middle but schls in general wuld benefit frm that spirit f dedicatin."
When asked if she misses wrking in the industry，Mrs.Adams says，"I'll tell yu I wrk hard er nw than I ever did，that I'm mre tired nw than I ever was，but I abslutely lve what I d，and I feel like what I'm ding makes a difference.I can't imagine nt being here."
（1）What was the main cause fr Adams' changing her jb？
A.Her lve f educatin.
B.Her lack f inspiratin.
C.Her spirit f vlunteering.
D.Her desire f being perfect.
（2）Adams used an interactive teaching style t .
A.learn critical thinking
B.enjy science classes
C.have clrful activities
D.imprve teaching effects
（3）What can we learn frm LaTanya Butler's wrds？
A.Adams can assciate thery with practice.
B.Adams' dedicatin will inspire mre teachers.
C.Adams wrks vertime t teach students mre.
D.Adams wes her success t her wrk experience.
（4）What is the passage trying t tell us？
A.Keep lking，dn't settle.
B.Actin speaks luder than wrds.
C.T knw neself is true prgress.
D.Live yur passin，fllw yur dreams.
5．（6分） Cracks are very cmmn in cncrete structures due t varius chemical and physical phenmena that ccur during everyday use.And tiny cracks can be quite harmful because they prvide an easy rute in fr liquids and gases—and the harmful substances they might cntain.Fr instance，micr﹣cracks can allw water and xygen t infiltrate（渗透） and then crrde（腐蚀） the steel，leading t structural failure.
But cntinuus maintenance and repair wrk is difficult because it usually requires an enrmus amunt f labr and investment.
Scientists have been trying t figure ut hw these harmful cracks culd heal themselves withut human interventin.The idea was riginally inspired by the amazing ability f the human bdy t heal itself f cuts，bruises and brken bnes.A persn takes in nutrients which the bdy uses t prduce new substitutes t heal damaged tissues.In the same way，can we prvide necessary prducts t cncrete t fill in cracks when damage happens？
Thrugh lng time research，scientists have fund an unusual candidate t help cncrete heal itself：a fungus（真菌） called is fund that as calcium hydrxide frm cncrete disslved in water，the PH f the fungal grwth medium increased frm a clse﹣t﹣neutral riginal value f 6.5 all the way t a very alkaline all the fungi tested，nly T.reesei culd survive this envirnment.Despite the drastic PH increase，its spres（孢子） germinated and grew equally well with r withut cncrete.
Scientists prpse including fungal spres，tgether with nutrients，during the initial mixing prcess when building a new cncrete structure.When the inevitable cracking ccurs and water finds its way in，the drmant fungal spres will germinate.As they grw，they'll wrk as a catalyst（催化剂） within the calcium﹣rich cnditins f the cncrete t prmte precipitatin f calcium carbnate crystals.These mineral depsits can fill in the cracks.When the cracks are cmpletely filled and n mre water can enter，the fungi will again frm spres.If cracks frm again and envirnmental cnditins becme favrable，the spres culd wake up and repeat the prcess.
T.reesei is ec﹣friendly，psing n knwn risk t human health.In fact，T.reesei has a lng histry f safe use in industrial﹣scale prductin f carbhydrase enzymes，such as cellulase，which plays an imprtant rle in fermentatin （发酵） prcesses during winemaking.Of curse，researchers will need t cnduct a thrugh assessment t investigate any pssible immediate and lng﹣term effects n the envirnment and human health prir t its use as a healing agent in cncrete infrastructure.
（1）Accrding t the passage，tiny cracks in cncrete structures may lead t .
A.Disfunctin even cllapse f the entire structure
B.Cntinuus maintenance and rebuilding
C.Leakage f liquids and gases
D.Waste f water and xygen
（2）What can we knw abut T.reesei？
A.It is widely used in building cncrete structures.
B.It can survive in extreme envirnment.
C.It can help cncrete cracks becme nrmal again.
D.It is a newly discvered fungi.
（3）What can be inferred frm the last paragraph？
might be used n human.
B.The research is still at its initial stage.
C.The research is unreplaceable in winemaking.
has lng﹣term effects n human health.
6．（8分）Micrplastics﹣tiny pieces f plastic waste less than five millimetres lng that have been degraded by waves，wind and ultravilet rays﹣have been discvered in the deepest ceanic trenches and within the stmachs f the rganisms that live there，but we have little idea abut where the great majrity f them end up.Mre than eight millin tnnes f plastic enters ur ceans every year，cmprising between 80 and 85 percent f all marine trash，but with inadequate data，there are cncerns that these figures culd be underestimates.
Currently，mst f the data we have n micrplastics are accidentally captured by research ships，which use planktn nets t cllect marine﹣micrrganism samples.Hwever，researchers Christpher Ruf and Madeline Evans frm the University f Michigan have discvered an innvative way t identify and track cncentratins f micrplastics in the cean.
The technique relies n NASA's Cyclne Glbal Navigatin Satellite System（CYGNSS），a cnstellatin f eight micr﹣satellites used t predict hurricanes that calculate wind speeds abve the cean by measuring the rughness f surface waters.As the satellites are cntinuusly recrding，Ruf and Evans realised that they cllect a great deal f additinal data.It was while analysing these data that they nticed sme differences times where the surface f the cean appeared t be much smther than it shuld，given the prevailing wind（盛行风）cnditins.
Knwing that water isn't rughened as much when it cntains a lt f flating material，Ruf and Evans identified a pattern that linked areas f unusual smthness and predicted micrplastic distributins.They fund that the difference between their measurements，and hw much rugher thesurface wuld be if winds f the same speed were blwing acrss clear water，was "highly crrelated with the presence f micrplastics，and the degree f the difference als crrelated with the cncentratin f the plastics."
The research reveals that there are seasnal variatins，where the cncentratins f micrplastics tend t be higher in the summer and lwer in the winter in a very clean，peridic way，which Ruf explains mirrrs the way in which the cean circulatin changes thrughut the year.It als cnfirms，as was previusly thught，that rivers are the main surce f cean micrplastics.
Raising awareness f the issue f cean micrplastics amng the public and pliticians is just ne f the researchers' future aims；they are als in cnversatin with Dutch nn﹣prfit The Ocean Cleanup and Finnish clean﹣technlgy specialist Clewat，which are interested in using the infrmatin t mre efficiently target their trash﹣cllectin campaigns.
S far，nly ne year's wrth f data have been prcessed since CYGNSS was launched in 2016.By lking at a lnger time perid，Ruf and Evans aim t determine whether the seasnal pattern is repeatable，and whether the cncentratin f micrplastics in the cean is getting wrse.
（1）What is Paragraph 1 mainly abut？
A.The limited knwledge abut cean micrplastics.
B.The harm f cean micrplastics t sea creatures.
C.The methds f degrading cean micrplastics.
D.The previus research n cean micrplastics.
（2）Accrding t the passage，CYGNSS .
A.has ffered data abut the repeatable seasnal pattern
B.guides research ships t gather data abut sea animals
C.prvides unexpected data abut the changes f sea surface
D.was designed t measure the distributin f cean micrplastics
（3）What can we learn frm the passage？
A.Micrplastics will end up in the stmachs f the cean rganisms.
B.Micrplastics play a vital rle in the yearly cean circulatin changes.
C.The surface f the cean can get smther with mre micrplastics in it.
D.The new way f tracking micrplastics has helped prevent cean pllutin.
（4）What is the main purpse f the passage？
A.T intrduce the technlgy f CYGNSS.
B.T present a way t study cean micrplastics.
C.T test an assumptin n cean micrplastics.
D.T prpse a new means f prtecting the cean.
7．（10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When yu were at schl，were yu ever tld t stp daydreaming and cncentrate？It was easy fr yur mind t wander if yu weren't interested in what yu were learning r if yu had better things t think abut.Staying fcused can still be a challenge in adult life.（1）
Scientists have lked at what makes us prcrastinate（拖延） and fund a number f ways t help us stay in the zne.（2） Research by Science Fcus magazine fund silence is best fr cncentratin，r a gentle backgrund hum and cffee shp nise is great!It als fund switching ff yur phne remves a majr distractin and helps us fcus n the task at hand.
（3） Psychlgists and neurscientists are increasingly interested in ur ability t knuckle dwn and have lked at what we can change inside ur head t make us cncentrate.An article fr BBC Future by Carline Williams says that"Attentin Researcher Nilli Lavie f University Cllege Lndn has fund that making a task mre visually demanding takes up mre prcessing pwer and leaves the brain nthing left t prcess distractins."
There are mre practical tips t keeping yur mind fcused.These include making a list r timetable f the tasks yu have t d，finding a wrkspace where yu're nt tempted t d ther things，r chewing sme gum!（4）
But accrding t Science Fcus magazine，distractin isn't all bad."If we were always s fcused that we never gt distracted，we'd miss ptential changes，such as threats，in ur envirnment.（5）
A.Distractin is vital fr survival.
B.One f the mst bvius things is eliminating nise.
C.Anther pssible cure fr a shrt attentin span is keeping yur mind busy.
D.Many students are bthered by cnstantly getting distracted during the class.
E.But understanding hw t d it，and knwing what is distracting yu，can help.
F.It's pssible the mvement in yur muth ccupies parts f the brain that might therwise get distracted.
G.Researchers have fund that cnstantly alerting yurself r taking ntes while listening are helpful t.
阅读与表达
8．（12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
It's just a few days int the new year.Hw are yu ding n yur reslutins？Wait：Have yu even started n them yet？
Many peple find that the hardest part f many tasks is beginning them at all.T help with this prblem，tw researchers have sught t determine whether certain utside cues can jump —— start us tward reaching ur gals.Such cues，which manipulate （操控） ur perceptin f time，are simple yet effective，accrding t a recent article in the Jurnal f Cnsumer Research.
In ne study，cnducted in 2010，the researchers asked tw grups f farmers in India t set up a bank accunt and accumulate a certain amunt f mney by a deadline，ffering extra mney as a reward.One grup was apprached in June，with a deadline f December that year.The secnd grup was apprached in July with a deadline f January the next year.
The farmers in the first grup were mre likely t set up an accunt immediately，even thugh bth grups had the same amunt f time.That's because the deadline was in the same year as the assignment and therefre seemed mre like the present，said Yanping Tu，a at the Bth Schl f Business at the University f Chicag.She perfrmed the research alng with Dilip Sman，a marketing prfessr at the Rman Schl f Management at the University f Trnt.The tw researchers als fund similar results amng undergraduates and in Nrth America.
In anther study，the researchers als fund that peple were mre likely t start wrking n a task whse deadline is in the current mnth than in the next mnth，even thugh the number f days t finish the task was the same，Ms.Tu said.Once again，this is because it manipulates ur perceptin f time by making the future deadline seem mre like the present.
When the present marches int the future，and we are cnfrnted with the wrk that ur past selves refused t d，we pay the price in unmet deadlines.S if a few little tricks can manipulate us int thinking that time is f the essence，why nt give them a try？
（1）What d many peple find difficult in finishing tasks？
（2）Why did the first grup f farmers finish the task while the secnd grup didn't？
（3）Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement，then underline it and explain why.
• Peple were mre likely t start n a task whse deadline is in the current mnth than in the next mnth because it is mre urgent.
（4）List sme f the ther ways that can help yu meet the deadline early.（In abut 40 wrds）
书面表达
9．（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友 Jim 在邮件中提到他将来的生活，也想了解你对大学专业的设想，请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
（1）你想选择的大学专业及原因；
（2）实现该目标的方法。
注意：
（1）词数 100 左右；
（2）开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
_______
Yurs，
Li Hua
参考答案
完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了得了脑癌之后，作者开始养绿植，结果因为自己的焦虑让叶子开始变黄，作者意识到了自己的错误观念，减轻了焦虑，绿植也恢复了健康。
【解答】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.alive有生命的，活着的；B.primitive原始的；C.delicate柔和的；D.mature成熟的。句意：但是在我被诊断出患有脑癌之后，我喜欢我们周围有绿色和有生命的东西的想法。根据后文"I lved the idea f having smething green and"指绿色有生命的东西，故选A。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.warmth温暖；B.relief安慰；C.achievement成就；D.security安全。句意：照顾这棵植物给了我一种成就感，因为我有时会因为行动能力有限而感到无用。根据后文"at a time when I smetimes felt useless because my ability t mve was limited"可知，作者有时会因为行动能力有限而感到无用，所以照顾这棵植物给了自己一种成就感，故选C。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.valued重视；B.needed需要；C.prvided提供；D.lacked缺少。句意：作为一名医生，我已经习惯了提供护理。根据后文"I culd still be a caregiver"指提供护理，故选C。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.added增加；B.cnnected联系；C.adapted改编；D.cmpared比较。句意：给植物浇水让我想起了我过去身份的一个核心部分，并让我知道我仍然可以成为一名照顾者。根据后文"me t a cre part f my ld identity and taught me I culd still be a caregiver"可知，给植物浇水让作者想起了过去身份的核心部分，cnnect sb.t表示"将……与联系"。故选B。
（5）考查副词及语境理解。A.casually随意地；B.interestingly有趣地；C.genuinely真诚地；D.mysteriusly难以理解地，神秘地。句意：然而，在完美的条件下生长了几个星期后，植物难以理解地开始显示出压力的迹象。根据后文"N matter what I did，the leaves kept"植物开始掉叶子，可知，作者也不知为何植物难以理解地开始显示出压力的迹象。故选D。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.spreading传播；B.brwning褐变；C.waving挥舞；D.dancing舞蹈。句意：不管我怎么做，叶子还是变黄掉到地上。根据后文"and drpping t the flr"指叶子变黄掉到地上。故选B。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.fearful害怕的；B.inncent无辜的；C.faithful忠实的；D.dishnest不诚实的。句意：但当树挣扎时，我感到越来越不安和恐惧。根据上文"I felt increasingly uneasy and"可知，树的状态让作者感到不安和害怕。故选A。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.dream梦想；B.success成功；C.capability能力；D.survival幸存。句意：几个月后，当我从手术中恢复过来时，我意识到我错误地把我对植物的精心培育——我至少还能控制的事情﹣﹣﹣和我自己的生存﹣﹣﹣我无法控制的事情联系在一起。结合上文可知作者得了癌症，所以是生存是无法控制的事情。故选D。
（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.discntent不满足；B.anxiety焦虑；C.dubt怀疑；D.sympathy同情。句意：随着我的焦虑减轻，我开始学习在线教程，弄清楚如何照顾这棵树。根据上文"I realized I had wrngly linked my careful nurturing f the plant"可知，作者明白了其中的道理，焦虑也减轻了。故选B。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.give给予；B.share分享；C.decide决定；D.preserve保护。句意：现在，每当我看着新花盆里的树，我就会放松下来，想想我能决定的事情。呼应上文"smething ver which I had at least sme cntrl"指作者开始思考自己能够控制决定的事情。故选C。
【点评】做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。
2．【分析】A：本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了影响学校的参与度的几个因素。
B：本文为一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了当人们遇到健康问题时上网搜索自我诊断的现象，但其实网上的信息并不可靠，最后指出只有官方认可的医生和营养师才有资格给予实用的医疗建议。
C：本文为一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了儿童通常比成年人更容易学习新语言。
【解答】（1）考查形容词的比较级。句意：虽然参与度对学校来说从未像现在这样具有挑战性，但它也比之前更重要。根据空后的than ever可知，此处应用形容词的比较级作表语，故填mre crucial。
（2）考查时态及语态。句意：经过深入的研究，参与度和驱动力由几个因素决定。此处作谓语动词，engagement and mtivatin作主语，为复数，主语与drive之间为被动关系，且此处陈述客观事实，故应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are driven。
（3）考查过去分词。句意：每个学生在学校都感到被支持吗？此处students与supprt之间为被动关系，故此处应用过去分词supprted作表语。故填supprted。
（4）考查宾语从句。句意：学生是否理解他们正在学的东西的价值，并认为这种价值超过了努力的成本？此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，且意思为"什么"，故应用what引导宾语从句。故填what。
（5）考查副词。句意：面对健康或营养问题，人们上网自我诊断越来越普遍。修饰形容词cmmn应用副词形式。故填increasingly。
（6）考查定语从句。句意：但互联网上充满了相互矛盾的健康警告，没有任何规定来删除错误的建议，其中一些是极其危险的！分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是advice，关系词在从句中作介词f的宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
（7）考查主语从句。句意：值得研究的是，一篇网络文章的作者是否有资格成为专家。分析句子可知，I是形式主语，空处引导主语从句，结合句意可知，此处指"是否"，应用whether引导。故填whether。
（8）考查过去分词。句意：根据一项在比利时成年人中进行的研究，儿童通常比成年人更容易学习新语言。分析句子结构可知，空处使用非谓语，carry和study属于逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词作状语。故填carried。
（9）考查动词。句意：掌握一门语言需要无意识地吸收语言模式，成年人的有意识推理是罪魁祸首。根据句意可知时态为一般现在时，动名词作主语，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填requires。
（10）考查动名词。事实上，当你开始学习一门语言时，你应该让自己沉浸在它的声音中，甚至——或者尤其是——当你分心或意识不清时。分析句子结构可知，当从句主语和主句主语一致时，从句可以将主语和be动词一起省略，when beginning＝when yu are beginning。故填beginning。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
阅读理解
3．【分析】这段短文主要介绍了太平洋科学中心的创立背景和参观政策。太平洋科学中心是美国第一个科学技术中心，成立于1962年的西雅图世界博览会上。参观中心时，要求所有访客遵守政策和程序，以确保每个人都能有最好的体验。参观政策包括穿鞋、12岁以下儿童必须有成年人陪同、使用个人电子设备时要保持音量合理等。票务政策包括打印的门票只能扫描一次、不允许退款和交换等。照片和视频政策包括允许使用小型个人录像设备进行私人非商业用途的拍摄，但不允许使用三脚架，在未经太平洋科学中心书面批准的情况下，不得发布、销售、复制或以其他商业方式使用太平洋科学中心的照片和视频。感谢遵守这些规定并参观太平洋科学中心。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Pht and Vide Plicies部分中的Guest phtgraphy and videtaping with small，persnal recrding devices is permitted fr private，nn﹣cmmercial use.（允许使用小型个人录像设备进行私人非商业用途的拍摄。）可知，允许用小型的个人记录设备拍照或录像。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Refund and Exchange Plicies部分中的All exchanges must be prcessed at least 24 hurs prir t the time and date f the event r reservatin.（所有交换必须在活动或预订的时间和日期前至少24小时处理。）可知，可以在购买票之后的24小时内进行换票。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第一段When visiting the center，we ask guests t fllw the plicies and prcedures listed t ensure the best experience fr everyne visiting.（在参观中心时，我们要求游客遵守列出的政策和程序，以确保每个游客都能获得最佳体验。）可知，本文是写给游客的。故选B。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4．【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Adams对于追寻自己的梦想，从科学领域转行到教育，讲述了她对工作的热爱和贡献。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第二段While vlunteering at her kids' schl，she was fascinated by educatin.Adams says， "This is where I am suppsed t be.I lved my jb and the peple I wrked with，but I just kept feeling unsettled，s finally，I channeled my energy int smething meaningful."（当她在她孩子的学校当志愿者时，她被教育所吸引。Adams说道：这才是我应该做的事情。我喜欢我的工作，我喜欢周围的人，到那时我却一直感到不安，因此，最终，我决定把我的精力投入到一些有意义的事情上。）可知，对教育的热爱让Adams改变了工作，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第四段By ding s，I intend t cultivate a culture f learning and aruse their interest in science.（通过这样做，我想要培养他们的学习文化并激起他们对科学的兴趣。）可知，Adams运用互动的教学模式是为了提高他们的学习兴趣，从而提升自己的教学成果，故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章第五段LaTanya Butler，principal at BMS says， "She was in the science industry，s she can relate the cncepts she teaches t real life，which is ne f the great attributes t have in a teacher."（BMS的校长LaTanya Butler说道："她是科学领域的，因此她可以将她所教授的理论运用了实际生活，这是一个老师拥有的最大的品质。"）可知，LaTanya Butler认为Adams可以将理论联系实践，故选A。
（4）主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段When asked if she misses wrking in the industry，Mrs.Adams says， "I'll tell yu I wrk harder nw than I ever did，that I'm mre tired nw than I ever was，but I abslutely lve what I d，and I feel like what I'm ding makes a difference.I can't imagine nt being here."（当问到她是否想念在科学领域的工作，Mrs.Adams说道："我现在比以前更加努力，我比以前工作更累，但是我十分热爱我的工作，并且我感觉我所做的事情有意义，我无法想象我不在这里工作会是什么样的。"）可知，文章主要介绍了Adams对于追寻自己的梦想，从科学领域转行到教育，讲述了她对工作的热爱和贡献，故文章想要给读者传达的是"活出你的激情，追随你的梦想"，故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
5．【分析】短文主要介绍了混凝土结构中常见的裂缝问题以及其对结构的危害。由于裂缝会导致液体和气体进入混凝土中，从而引发腐蚀和结构破坏，因此对混凝土进行维修和修复工作非常困难。科学家们通过研究发现了一种名为T.reesei的真菌，它可以在碱性环境下生存并促进钙碳酸盐晶体的沉淀，从而填补裂缝。T.reesei是环保的，对人类健康没有已知的风险。然而，在将其作为混凝土基础设施的修复剂之前，研究人员需要对其对环境和人类健康的可能影响进行全面评估。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段And tiny cracks can be quite harmful because they prvide an easy rute in fr liquids and gasses — and the harmful substances they might cntain.Fr instance，micr﹣cracks can allw water and xygen t infiltrate and then crrde the steel，leading t structural failure.（微小的裂缝可能非常有害，因为它们为液体、气体及可能含有的有害物质提供了一条容易进去的途径。例如，微裂纹会使水和氧气渗入，然后腐蚀钢材，导致结构失效）可知，微小的裂缝会导致结构失效，甚至是结构的崩塌。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第四段Thrugh lng time research，scientists have fund an unusual candidate t help cncrete heal itself：a fungus called T.reesei.（通过长期的研究，科学家们发现了一种不寻常的候选者来帮助混凝土愈合：一种叫做T.reesei的真菌）可知，T.reesei真菌能帮助混凝土愈合裂缝。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Of curse，researchers will need t cnduct a thrugh assessment t investigate any pssible immediate and lng﹣term effects n the envirnment and human health prir t its use as a healing agent in cncrete infrastructure.（当然，在将它作为混凝土基础设施中的治疗剂之前，研究者需要进行一个彻底的评估，已调查对环境和人类健康的任何可能的直接的和长期的影响）可推知，研究还需要进行彻底的评估，因此此研究还处于其最初阶段。故选B。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
6．【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了密歇根大学的研究人员发现了一种识别和跟踪海洋中微塑料浓度的创新方法。
【解答】（1）A.段落大意题。根据第一段Micrplastics ﹣ tiny pieces f plastic waste less than five millimetres lng that have been degraded by waves，wind and ultravilet rays﹣have been discvered in the deepest ceanic trenches and within the stmachs f the rganisms that live there，but we have little idea abut where the great majrity f them end up.（微型塑料﹣﹣在最深的海沟和生活在那里的生物体的胃里发现的被海浪、风和紫外线降解的长度不到5毫米的塑料废料，但我们不知道绝大多数塑料废料最终会在哪里。）以及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍了海洋微塑料有限的信息。故选A项。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据第三段The technique relies n NASA's Cyclne Glbal Navigatin Satellite System （CYGNSS），a cnstellatin f eight micr﹣satellites used t predict hurricanes that calculate wind speeds abve the cean by measuring the rughness f surface waters.As the satellites are cntinuusly recrding，Ruf and Evans realised that they cllect a great deal f additinal data.（这项技术依赖于美国宇航局的旋风全球导航卫星系统（CYGNSS），这是一个由八颗微型卫星组成的星座，用于预测飓风，通过测量地表水的粗糙度来计算海洋上方的风速。随着卫星不断记录，鲁夫和埃文斯意识到他们收集了大量额外数据。）可知，CYGNSS收集到了有关海面变化的大量额外数据，可以提供有关海面变化的额外数据。故选C项。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据第四段Knwing that water isn't rughened as much when it cntains a lt f flating material（知道当水中含有大量漂浮物时，水不会变得那么粗糙）可知，如果水中有微塑料时，水面会变得不那么粗糙，海洋表面会由于海中存在更多的微塑料变得更加光滑。故选C项。
（4）B.目的意图题。根据第二段Hwever，researchers Christpher Ruf and Madeline Evans frm the University f Michigan have discvered an innvative way t identify and track cncentratins f micrplastics in the cean.（ 然而，密歇根大学的研究人员克里斯托弗•鲁夫和马德琳•埃文斯发现了一种识别和跟踪海洋中微塑料浓度的创新方法。）以及文章内容可知，本文的主要目的是介绍一种研究海洋微塑料的创新方法。故选B项。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
7．【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法来帮助我们成年人保持注意力集中。
【解答】（1）语境衔接题。根据上文Staying fcused can still be a challenge in adult life.（在成年人的生活中，保持专注仍然是一个挑战。）及下文Scientists have lked at what makes us prcrastinate（拖延） and fund a number f ways t help us stay in the zne.（科学家们研究了导致我们拖延的原因，并发现了一些帮助我们保持拖延状态的方法。）可知，此处是说了解如何保持专注可以帮我我们。E项"但是了解如何去做，知道是什么让你分心，会有所帮助。"符合语境。故选E。
（2）联系下文题。根据下文Research by Science Fcus magazine fund it helpful t seat yurself at a quiet cffee bar wrking n yur laptp.（《科学焦点》杂志的研究发现，坐在一个安静的咖啡馆里用笔记本电脑工作很有帮助。）可知，安静的环境很重要。选项B"最有效的解决办法之一是消除噪音。"指的正是去除噪音，保持安静，与下文内容一致。故选B。
（3）联系下文题。根据下文Psychlgists and neurscientists are increasingly interested in ur ability t knuckle dwn and have lked at what we can change inside ur head t make us cncentrate.（心理学家和神经科学家对我们埋头苦干的能力越来越感兴趣，并研究了我们可以通过改变大脑内部的什么来让我们集中注意力。）可知，下文主要讲述的是如果让大脑处于忙碌，那么就不太会分心。选项C"另一种可能的方法是让你的大脑保持忙碌。"与下文内容一致，指的都是让大脑保持忙碌。故选C。
（4）联系上文题。根据上文These include making a list r timetable f the tasks yu have t d，finding a wrkspace where yu're nt tempted t d ther things，r chewing sme gum!（这些方法包括列出你必须完成的任务的清单或时间表，找一个你不想做其他事情的工作空间，或者嚼口香糖！）可知此处是在介绍一些保持注意力集中的方法。G项"研究人员发现，不断提醒自己或在听的时候做笔记也很有帮助。"符合语境。故选G。
（5）联系上文题。根据上文But accrding t Science Fcus magazine，distractin isn't all bad."If we were always s fcused that we never gt distracted，we'd miss ptential changes，such as threats，in ur envirnment.（但根据《科学焦点》杂志的说法，分心并不全是坏事。"如果我们总是如此专注，从不分心，我们就会错过环境中的潜在变化，比如威胁。）可知，此处是在说明分心也有好处。A项"分散注意力对生存至关重要。"符合语境。故选A。
【点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
阅读与表达
8．【分析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了简单的，有效的在截止日期前完成任务的方法。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Many peple find that the hardest part f many tasks is beginning them at all.（许多人发现，许多任务中最困难的部分是开始执行。）可知，许多人发现，许多任务中最困难的部分是开始执行。故填Beginning them at all.
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段That's because the deadline was in the same year as the assignment and therefre seemed mre like the present（这是因为截止日期与任务在同一年，因此看起来更像现在）可知，第一组农民完成任务，因为截止日期与任务在同一年，因此看起来更像现在。故填That's because the deadline was in the same year as the assignment and therefre seemed mre like the present.
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段In anther study，the researchers als fund that peple were mre likely t start wrking n a task whse deadline is in the current mnth than in the next mnth，even thugh the number f days t finish the task was the same，Ms.Tu said.Once again，this is because it manipulates ur perceptin f time by making the future deadline seem mre like the present.（在另一项研究中，研究人员还发现，尽管完成任务的天数相同，但人们更有可能在当月开始完成任务，而不是在下个月。图女士说。这再次是因为它通过让未来的最后期限看起来更像现在来操纵我们对时间的感知。）可知，与下个月相比，人们更有可能开始执行截止日期在当月的任务，因为它更像现在。因此Peple were mre likely t start n a task whse deadline is in the current mnth than in the next mnth because it is mre urgent.这句话中错误的是 it is mre urgent。故填：Peple were mre likely t start n a task whse deadline is in the current mnth than in the next mnth because it is mre urgent.Peple were mre likely t start n a task whse deadline is in the current mnth than in the next mnth because it is mre like the present.
（4）开放题。题目问其它方法可以帮助你早点如期完成任务。可以根据实际情况回答，如：给自己一个奖励；或者找一个同伴一起完成工作。故填：Yu can give yurself a reward if yu meet the deadline early，r yu can find a partner t finish the wrk befre the deadline.
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析给出正确回答。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
书面表达
9．【分析】高分句型一
Having learnt abut yur plan fr the future，I'm mre than glad t share my visin fr a university majr with yu.
翻译：了解了你对未来的规划后，我非常高兴与你分享我对大学专业的愿景。
分析：句子里，现在分词的完成式Having learnt abut yur plan fr the future作原因状语。
高分句型二
I plan t study jurnalism after graduating frm high schl，fr becming a jurnalist has always been my dream since I was a child.
翻译：我计划高中毕业后学习新闻，因为成为一名记者一直是我从小的梦想。
分析：句子里，在fr引导的原因状语从句里，动名词短语becming a jurnalist作主语；since引导时间状语从句I was a child。
【解答】Dear Jim，
Having learnt abut yur plan fr the future，I'm mre than glad t share my visin fr a university majr with yu.【高分句型一】（写信目的）
I plan t study jurnalism after graduating frm high schl，fr becming a jurnalist has always been my dream since I was a child.【高分句型二】I think it is a great jb as it can ffer jurnalists lts f chances t travel.In additin，the respnsibilities f revealing facts and spreading inspiring stries make the jb mre meaningful and attractive. （想选择的大学专业及原因）
In my pinin，writing ability is very imprtant fr a jurnalist，s I practise it almst every day.What's mre imprtant，I must wrk hard t prepare fr the entrance exam s that I can be admitted int a key university.（实现该目标的方法）
Yurs，
Li Hua
【点评】写作步骤：
第一步：审题，确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点，避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步：拟定提纲，创造良好的开端；叙述得体，布局谋篇；巧妙过渡，完美结尾。
第三步：遣词造句，套用句型，上下衔接，地道表达，行文成篇（注意"参考词汇"的提示作用）。
（1）
A．alive
B．primitive
C．delicate
D．mature
（2）
A．warmth
B．relief
C．achievement
D．security
（3）
A．valued
B．needed
C．prvided
D．lacked
（4）
A．added
B．cnnected
C．adapted
D．cmpared
（5）
A．casually
B．interestingly
C．genuinely
D．mysteriusly
（6）
A．spreading
B．brwning
C．waving
D．dancing
（7）
A．fearful
B．inncent
C．faithful
D．dishnest
（8）
A．dream
B．success
C．capability
D．survival
（9）
A．discntent
B．anxiety
C．dubt
D．sympathy
（10）
A．give
B．share
C．decide
D．preserve