人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures课堂检测
展开一、语法填空
1.If ______________(frtune) enugh, they may dig ut the prblem and get back t happy marriage again.
2.It is a pity that all the __________(cllect) are nt pen t the public, but Luvre is still well wrth a visit.
3.When _________(feel) sad fr a lng time, yu'd better g t the mental guide rm withut hesitatin.
4.We had better pay attentin t sme health prblems that, when nt ________(treat) in time, can becme bigger nes later n.
5.Nt nly____________ he been t Canada, but als he knws sme Canadians.
6.I prefer a table that can be flded_________ when nt used s that it may save a lt f space.
7.The gvernment has agreed t pay the firms extra mney t make up fr their __________(finance) lsses.
8.After the Secnd Wrld War, many farmers in Hng Kng came t Lndn and settled in ____________ is nw called Chinatwn.
9.Cnfucius, wh was ne f the ____________(great) philsphers in ancient China, stressed the imprtance f kindness, duty and rder in sciety.
10.The sharpest earthquake and the suffering it brught ____________ have had a lasting effect n the lcal peple’s life.
二、阅读理解
What's yur pinin n spicy fd? Sme peple cannt handle even the smallest amunt f chili peppers in their dinner while thers can't get enugh f them.
Scientists have lng been puzzled by why sme peple lve the chili while thers lathe it. Plenty f research has been dne n the subject, dating as far back as the 1970s. Previus results shwed that a lve f chilies is related t childhd experiences, and that cultural influences affect ur taste t. But the latest study has fund that a persn's lve f spicy fd may be linked t his r her persnality mre than anything else, CBC News reprted.
"We have always assumed that the liking drives intake—we eat what we like and we like what we eat. But n ne has actually directly bthered t cnnect persnality with intake f chili peppers," said Prfessr Jhn E. Hayes frm Pennsylvania State University, wh led the study.
But befre yu lk at the study, yu shuld first knw that "spicy" is nt a taste, unlike sur, sweet, bitter and salty taste. It is, in fact, a burning feeling that yu feel n the surface f yur tngue. This gt scientists thinking that maybe a lve f spicy fd is brught abut by peple's lnging fr thrill, smething they usually get frm watching actin mvies r riding a rller caster.
In the study, 97 participants, bth male and female, were asked t fill ut questinnaires abut their persnality, fr example, whether they like new experiences r tend t avid risks. They were then given a glass f water with capsaicin(辣椒素), the plant chemical that makes a chili bum, mixed int it.
By cmparing the answers t the questinnaire and hw participants said they felt abut the spicy water, researchers fund that thse wh tended t enjy actin mvies r take risks were abut six times mre likely t enjy the spicy water.
Interestingly, we used t believe that the reasn why sme peple can withstand(承受) spicy fd is that their tngues have becme less sensitive t it. Hwever, this latest study has fund mre therwise. "It's nt that it desn't burn as badly, but that yu actually learn t like the burning feeling," Hayes explained.
11.What's the meaning f the underlined wrd "lathe" in the secnd paragraph?
A. Dislike.B. Fear.C. Put up with.D. Adapt t.
12.What did Prfessr Jhn E. Hayes and his team discver frm their study?
A. What we eat actually helps t develp ur persnality.
B. Males are mre likely t enjy spicy fd than females.
C. Thse trying t avid risks tend t be less interested in spicy fd.
D. Peple are wrng t treat "spicy" as a kind f taste rather than a feeling.
13.Why d sme peple like spicy fd accrding t the recent study?
A. Because their taste has becme less sensitive.
B. Because they lve the burning feeling.
C. Because they want t challenge themselves.
D. Because the mre they try spicy fd, the less it burns.
14.What's the main idea f the passage?
A. What ne likes t eat mainly depends n ne's persnality.
B. Whether ne enjys spicy fd depends largely n ne's persnality.
C. One's persnal experiences have nthing t d with their taste.
D. Different peple have different taste.
三、七选五
15. Many cuntries have traditinal dishes made with special ingredients and prepared in a certain way. ①_________, and when turists visit, these are the fds they want t try. But why are sme fds mre ppular than thers in certain areas?
Traditinal ingredients
Typical recipes are usually made with native plants and animal prducts. Fr example, Krean dishes ften include rice and sybeans because bth plants are native t East Asia and grw well in ht, wet areas. In cntrast, wheat grws well in drier areas, like the Middle East, where bread is the cmmn staple (主要的) fd. ②_________, whereas inland cuisines tend t use mre meat frm farm animals.
Fd preservatin
Lcal cuisines ften depend n hw peple traditinally prepared fd fr strage. In warm weather, meat and fish can g bad quickly, s they must be cked right away r preserved fr later. ③_________. Fr that reasn, mdern Nrwegian cuisine includes many smked fds.
Cking techniques
④_________. In China, peple ften fry fd in a deep metal pan r steam it in a basket ver ht water. In Mrcc, peple ck traditinal dishes in a special pt called a tajine, while in parts f India, peple use a large ven, called a tandr. And sme lcal dishes aren't cked at all.
Imprted(进口的) ingredients
Smetimes lcal cuisines include ingredients that riginally cme frm anther place. ⑤_________, while many Russian dishes are made with ptates. Hwever, all f these ingredients were brught t Eurpe frm Suth America in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. But nw they are cmmn arund the wrld.
A. Seafd is ften a key ingredient in castal areas
B. There is a danger that lcal fd traditins will be lst
C. Many different cking techniques are used arund the wrld
D. Fr example, Italian dishes ften include tmates and peppers
E. Nwadays, we can buy fd prducts frm all arund the wrld
F. These lcal dishes can becme symbls f a place and its culture
G. In Nrway, the Vikings used t "cure" meat and fish by smking them ver a fire
四、书面表达
16.假定你是李华,你的外国朋友Steven想要了解中国传统文化,希望你能为他介绍一些方法。请你用英语给他写一封邮件,内容包括:
1.推荐方法;
2.你的理由;
3.给予祝福。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1.答案:frtunate
解析:句意为:如果够幸运的话,他们可能会找到问题所在,然后重获幸福的婚姻。If后省略了they are,设空处应用形容词作表语。
2.答案:cllectins
解析:句意为:很遗憾,不是所有的收藏品都向公众开放,但卢浮宫还是很值得一去的。设空处在从句中作主语,其前有all和the修饰,应用名词;再根据系动词are为复数可知,设空处应用复数形式。故填cllectins。
3.答案:feeling
解析:句意为:当你长时间感到悲伤时,你最好毫不犹豫地去心理辅导室。此处为状语从句的省略,When后省略了yu are,还原完整为 When yu are feeling sad fr a lng time... 故填feeling。
4.答案:treated
解析:句意为:我们最好注总一些健康问题,当这些健康问题没有被及时医治的时候,以后就可能成为大问题。本句是省略句,when后省略了they are,treat与主语是被动关系,故填treated。
5.答案:has
解析:nt nly置于句首,句子应用部分倒装,设空处应用助动词。主语为he,故填has。
6.答案:up
解析:句意为:我喜欢不用的时候能够折叠起来的桌子,这样能节省很多空间。fld up意为“折叠”,为固定搭配。
7.答案:
1.客观填空 financial
解析:句意为:政府已经同意向这些公司支付额外的钱来弥补其财务损失。设空处修饰名词lsses,应用形容词作定语。
8.答案:what
解析:句意为:第二次世界大战后,许多香港的农民来到伦敦,定居在现在被称为唐人街的地方。分析句子结构可知, _______ is nw called Chinatwn是宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,表示“的地方”所以应用what。
9.答案:greatest
解析:句意为:孔子是中国古代最伟大的哲学家之一;他强调仁爱、责任和秩序在社会中的重要性。“nf f the +形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”,为常见用法。设空处应用形容词最高级形式,故填greatest。
10.答案:abut
解析:句意为:这次剧烈的地震和它带来的苦难给当地人民的生活带来了持续的影响。bring abut为固定短语,意为“造成;引起”。故填abut。
11.答案:A
解析:词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句Scientists have lng been puzzled by why sme peple lve the chili while thers lathe it.中的while意为“而,然而”,表示对比,所以推断出lathe应该与lve意思相对。A项意为“不喜欢;厌恶”,符合语境。B项意为“害怕”;C项意为“忍受”;D项意为“适应;改变”,均与语境不符。
12.答案:C
解析:推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句This gt scientists thinking that maybe a lve f spicy fd is brught abut by peple's lnging fr thrill, smething they usually get frm watching actin mvies r riding a rller caster.可知,这让科学家们认为,也许人们对辛辣食物的喜爱是由于对刺激的渴望,人们通常从看动作片或坐过山车中获得刺激;结合倒数第二段中的thse wh tended t enjy actin mvies r take risks were abut six times mre likely t enjy the spicy water可知,那些喜欢看动作片或冒险的人喜欢辣味水的可能性是其他人的六倍。由此推断出,那些倾向于看动作片和冒险的人可能会更喜欢辣味的食物,反向推之可知C项信息与原文相符。根据第二段最后一句中的But the latest study has fund that a persn's lve f spicy fd may be linked t his r her persnality可知,最新的研究发现,一个人对辛辣食物的喜爱可能与他(她)的性格有关,所以文章提到了性格,但与A项“实际上我们吃的东西有助于培养我们的个性”的内容不符;B项“男性比女性更喜欢吃辣的食物”的信息原文未提及;根据第四段前两句可知,但是在你看研究之前,你应该首先知道辣不是一种味道,不像酸、甜、苦和咸的味道。事实上,它是你在舌头表面感受到的一种强烈的感觉,所以D项“人们错误地把辣当作一种味道,而不是一种感觉”不是研究的发现,是研究之前就存在的事实。
13.答案:B
解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句中的yu actually learn t like the burning feeling可知,人们喜欢吃辣的食物是因为人们喜欢强烈的感觉。所以B项信息与原文相符。根据最后一段第一句Interestingly, we used t believe that the reasn why sme peple can withstand(承受) spicy fd is that their tngues have becme less sensitive t it.可知,我们过去认为有些人之所以能忍受辛辣食物,是因为他们的舌头对辛辣食物不那么敏感了,所以A项是过去的思想而不是最新研究的发现;C项“因为他们想挑战自己”和D项“因为他们越尝试辣的食物,它越不辣”的信息原文未提及。
14.答案:B
解析:主旨大意题。根据第二段最后一句But the latest study has fund that a persn's lve f spicy fd may be linked t his r her persnality mre than anything else, CBC News reprted.可知,最新研究发现,人们喜欢吃辣味的食物跟性格有关。结合整篇文章的内容可知,文章主要是对此研究做出了具体说明,所以B项符合文章的主旨。文章只提及了“辛辣食物”,所以A项“一个人喜欢吃什么主要取决于他的性格”范围广,超出了文章的主旨范围。C项“个人经历与口味无关”和D项“不同的人有不同的口味”均与文章主旨不符。
15.答案:FAGCD
解析:本文是一篇说明文,分析了为什么某些食物在某些特定地区会比在其他地区更受欢迎。
①根据Many cuntries have traditinal dishes made with special ingredients and prepared in a certain way.以及and when turists visit, these are the fds they want t try可知,F项(这些地方菜可以成为一个地方及其文化的象征)承上启下,故选F项。
②根据前文中In cntrast, wheat grws well in drier areas和后文中whereas inland cuisines tend t use mre meat frm farm animals可知,这里陈述不同的食物来白不同的地区,所以这里为:海鲜通常是沿海地区的关键食材,故选A项。
③根据前句In warm weather, meat and fish can g bad quickly, s they must be cked right away r preserved fr later.和后句Fr that reasn, mdern Nrwegian cuisine includes many smked fds.可知,设空处是有关食物保存方面的内容,G项(在挪威,维金人曾经通过在火上熏制肉和鱼来保存它们)承上启下,故选G项。
④根据Cking techniques和下文介绍在中国、摩洛哥和印度使用不同的烹饪技术,可知,本段介绍世界各地使用的许多不同的烹饪技术,故选C项。
⑤根据前文Smetimes lcal cuisines include ingredients that riginally cme frm anther place.和后文while many Russian dishes are made with ptates可知,这里为举例,D项(例如,意大利菜通常包括西红柿和甜椒)符合语境,故选D项。
16.答案:Dear Steven,
I’m happy t knw that yu are interested in Chinese traditinal culture. It is universally acknwledged that Chinese traditinal culture has a lng histry. T help yu understand it better, I will give yu sme ways.
First f all, it is necessary t read sme bks abut Chinese traditinal culture. I think it is the mst effective way t knw mre abut China. Secndly, yu shuld watch sme vides nline abut famus Chinese histrical figures, which will give yu a deeper understanding f Chinese traditinal culture.
As the saying ges, Rme wasn’t built in a day, s I hpe yu can keep it up. Thrugh yur hard study, I believe yu will be able t learn Chinese traditinal culture well.
Yurs,
Li Hua
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