2025版高考英语一轮复习真题精练专题四语法填空热考主题3社会热点课件

这是一份2025版高考英语一轮复习真题精练专题四语法填空热考主题3社会热点课件，共9页。PPT课件主要包含了Cloze 1 ，Cloze 2 ，Cloze 3 ，Cloze 4 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
话题：体重指数升高　主题语境：人与社会　词数：约195　难度：★★★★☆
[2021年1月浙江卷]In a study f 33 years f trends in Bdy Mass Index(体重指数) acrss 200 cuntries, the scientists fund that peple wrldwide are getting heavier 1　　　　　　 that mst f the rise is due t gains in BMI in rural areas. BMI is an internatinally recgnized measurement tl 2　　　　　　 gives an indicatin f whether smene is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 3　　　　　　 (persn) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI f between 19 and 25 4　　　　　　 (cnsider) healthy. The study fund that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 5　　　　　　 2.1 in wmen and men. In cities, hwever, the gain 6　　　　　　 (be) 1.3 in wmen and 1.6 in men. The researchers described "striking changes" in the gegraphy f BMI. In 1985, urban men and wmen in mre than three quarters f the cuntries 7　　　　　　 (study) had higher BMIs than men and wmen in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural peple in many cuntries had narrwed 8　　　　　　 (sharp). This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple 9　　　　　　 (live) in the cuntryside, including 10　　　　　　(lw) levels f incme and educatin, higher csts f healthy fds, and fewer sprts facilities. 
【解析】 一项研究发现，世界各地的人们体重增加了，这一增长主要是因为乡村居民体重指数升高了。1.and　并列连词　分析句子结构可知，此处应用and连接两个并列的宾语从句，作fund的宾语。2.that/which　定语从句　分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是tl，关系词在从句中作主语，故用that/which。3.persn’s　名词所有格　空前是a，空后是名词weight，此处表示"一个人的体重"，故用所给词的所有格形式。4.is cnsidered　时态、语态和主谓一致　此处表述现在的客观情况，故用一般现在时；主语a BMI表示单数意义，与cnsider之间是被动关系，故用is cnsidered。5.by　介词　此处表示升高的幅度，故用介词by。6.was　时态　根据前面所用的一般过去时可知，此处同样也在描述过去的情况，故用一般过去时。7.studied　非谓语动词　句中已经有谓语动词had了，故本空是非谓语动词作后置定语。study"研究"与被修饰词cuntries是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。8.sharply　副词　空处修饰动词，故用副词sharply"急剧地，大幅度地"。9.living　非谓语动词　分析句子结构可知，空处作定语修饰peple，live与peple是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作定语。10.lwer　形容词的比较级　根据后面的"higher""fewer"可知，此处也用形容词比较级，故填lwer。
话题：图书《数码世界》　主题语境：人与社会　词数：约180　难度：★★★★☆
[2020新高考Ⅱ卷]These days, it is nt unusual fr 10- t 12-year-lds t publish their wn websites r fr secnd and third graders 1　　　　　　 (begin) cmputer classes. At the same time, cmputer games are becming increasingly ppular as majr publishing huses cntinue t develp 2　　　　　　 (educatin) cmputer prgrams fr children in preschl. Als, technlgical knw-hw has becme a 3____________(require) fr mst jbs in an increasingly digital wrld, as the cmputer has becme a cmmn tl in mst 4　　　　　　 (prfessin).  The Digital Wrld is a set f vlumes 5　　　　　　 aim t describe hw digital systems influence sciety and help readers understand the nature f digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each vlume in the set explres 6　　　　　　 wide range f materials, explains the basic cncepts f majr applicatins f digital systems, 7　　　　　　 discusses the influences they have n everyday life. Because the number f pssible tpics 8　　　　　　 (be) practically limitless, we fcus n a sample f the mst interesting and useful applicatins and tls and explain the basic principles f technlgy. Readers 9____________(encurage) t cntinue explring the digital wrld with the guidance f 10　　　　　　(we) Further Resurces sectin featured in each vlume.  
【解析】 近年来电脑教育越来越低龄化，《数码世界》旨在展现数码系统对社会的影响，帮助读者了解数码系统的本质和它们之间相互影响的部分。1.t begin　非谓语动词　分析句子结构可知，此处考查"it is +形容词+fr sb.+ t d sth."，所以空处应该填t begin。2.educatinal　词形转换　分析句子结构可知，此处修饰空后的名词短语cmputer prgrams，需要用形容词，所以空处应该填educatinal。3.requirement　词形转换　根据空前的a和空后的fr可知，空处需要一个名词，所以填requirement。4.prfessins　名词复数　prfessin表示"行业，职业"，是一个可数名词，根据空前的mst可知，空处需要用名词复数，所以应该填prfessins。5.that/which　关系词　分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为表示物的名词短语a set f vlumes，关系词在从句中充当主语，所以关系词用that/which。6.a　冠词　a wide range f为固定表达，意为"广泛的，大范围的"，所以空处填a。7.and　连词　分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词explres， explains和discusses是并列的，所以空处应该填并列连词and。8.is　时态和主谓一致　根据语境可知，此处时态应该为一般现在时；短语the number f...作主语时，谓语动词应该用单数，所以空处填is。9.are encuraged　时态、语态和主谓一致　分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。根据整篇文章的时态可知，本句需要用一般现在时；再根据句意"读者被鼓励去继续探索数字世界"可知，用被动语态；主语Readers为复数，所以填are encuraged。10.ur　人称代词　分析句子结构可知，空处修饰后面的名词短语Further Resurces sectin，需要用形容词性物主代词，所以填ur。
话题："嫦娥四号"登月　主题语境：人与社会　词数：约195　难度：★★★★☆
[2020全国Ⅰ卷]China has becme the first cuntry t land a spacecraft n the far side f the mn.The unmanned Chang’e-4 prbe(探测器) — the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese mn gddess — 1____________(tuch) dwn last week in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.Landing n the mn’s far side is 2____________(extreme) challenging.Because the mn’s bdy blcks direct radi cmmunicatin with a prbe, China first had t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt 3　　　　　　 it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth.The far side f the mn is f particular 4　　　　　　(interesting) t scientists because it has a lt f deep craters(环形山), mre s 5　　　　　　 the familiar near side.Chinese researchers hpe t use the instruments nbard Chang’e-4 6　　　　　　(find) and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin."This really excites scientists,"Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brwn University, says, "because it 7　　　　　　(mean) we have the chance t btain infrmatin abut hw the mn 8____________(cnstruct)."Data abut the mn’s cmpsitin, such as hw 9　　　　　　 ice and ther treasures it cntains, culd help China decide whether 10　　　　　　 (it) plans fr a future lunar(月球的) base are practical. 
【解析】 中国是第一个登上月球背面的国家。1.tuched　动词时态　句中有时间状语last week，故用一般过去时。2.extremely　形容词变副词　副词extremely修饰后面的形容词challenging。3.where　定语从句　先行词是spt， 后跟定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。4.interest　名词　句中含有"be+f+名词"结构，be f particular interest=be particularly interesting，故填名词interest。
【知识拓展】　　英语中的"be+f+名词"结构相当于"be+形容词"，描述主语的特征或性质。常用于这个结构的名词有benefit，imprtance，interest，help，use，significance，value等。
5.than　连词　本句中含有mre，空格后为比较对象，因此本空应填than。 6.t find　非谓语动词　句中的动词不定式短语t find and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin作状语，表目的。7.means　时态和主谓一致　根据上下文时态可知，本句也应用一般现在时，主语是it，故谓语动词用 means。8.is cnstructed　时态和语态　此处表示"月球是如何构成的"，应用被动语态，且此处描述的是客观情况，故填 is cnstructed。cnstruct "建造，构建"。9.much　固定用法　hw much "多少"，修饰不可数名词。10.its　代词　此处表示"它的计划"，故用形容词性物主代词its。
话题：世界老龄化现象　主题语境：人与社会　词数：约200　难度：★★★★☆
国际视野[2020年1月浙江卷]Smething significant is happening t the wrld ppulatin — it is aging. The median(中位数的) age f an American in 1950 1　　　　　　(be) 30 — tday it is 41 and is expected 2____________(increase) t 42 by 2050. Fr Japan, the 3　　　　　　(number) are mre striking — 22 in 1950, 46 tday and 53 in 2050. In 2015, ne in 12 peple arund the wrld were ver 65; by 2050, it will be ne in six. This aging f the ppulatin is driven 4　　　　　　 tw factrs. The first is declining birth rates, which means ld generatins are large 5　　　　　　(cmpare) t yunger generatins, and s, n average, the ppulatin becmes 6　　　　　　(ld) than befre. This is 7　　　　　　(particular) true in the US. The secnd reasn is that peple are living lnger. A child brn in the US tday has 8　　　　　　 very realistic chance f living beynd 100 and needs t plan accrdingly. Peple tend t fcus n the first factr. Hwever, greater attentin shuld 9　　　　　　(place) n lngevity(长寿). It isn’t just that peple are, n average, living lnger. It’s als that they are n average healthier 10　　　　　　 mre prductive fr lnger. Therefre, they can wrk fr lnger, cnsume mre and in general be a bst t the ecnmy.