2025版高考英语一轮复习真题精练专题一阅读理解热考主题2人物故事课件

这是一份2025版高考英语一轮复习真题精练专题一阅读理解热考主题2人物故事课件，共19页。PPT课件主要包含了知考法考向，知备考方向，Passage 1，Passage 2，Passage 3，Passage 4等内容，欢迎下载使用。

选材方面　关注时代发展，选择具有时代特征的语篇；重视生态环保，引导考生树立命运共同体意识；偏好具有思辨性的材料，注重思维品质的考查；选取科学研究类文章，培育乐于探究的科学精神；强化体美劳教育引导，体现运动意识、身心健康、审美情趣和劳动精神。语篇类型方面　说明文、记叙文、应用文是主流，会涉及夹叙夹议文、议论文、书评等类型和广告、通知等非连续性文本及多模态语篇。设题方面　加强批判性思维和辩证思维考查，批判性思维能力一般通过设置推理性、诠释性和批判性问题来考查；大部分试题考查推断、归纳和概括等高阶阅读理解能力。
①平时精选一些与热考主题相关的英语原版文章进行精读，积累其中的词汇，剖析长难句，要特别留意词类的活用和语篇内部的逻辑关系。②培养语篇意识，学会分析语篇内容、语篇结构、主题意义、文体特征、语言特点、修辞手法等；主动发问，创设问题，培养比较、分析、推断、归纳、概括、质疑、评判、建构、创新等思维品质。③无论是阅读还是做试题练习，都要注意所选文章的类型要多样化，除了常见的记叙文、说明文，也要选取一些议论文、书评等类型的文章。④英语学科的阅读理解能力归纳为七项具体能力：理解词汇、理解具体信息、理解主旨要义、理解观点态度、理解目的、推断、理解文章结构类型。所以，在复习时要善于总结做这七类试题的技巧，提高解题能力。
热考主题2 人物故事
话题：四位女医生的非凡经历　主题语境：人与社会　词数：约235　难度：★★★☆☆
[2023全国乙卷·A] PRACTITIONERSJacqueline Felice de Almania (c. 1322) highlights the suspicin that wmen practicing medicine faced. Brn t a Jewish family in Flrence, she mved t Paris where she wrked as a physician and perfrmed surgery. In 1322 she was tried fr practicing unlawfully. In spite f the curt hearing testimnials (证明) f her ability as a dctr, she was banned frm medicine.Tan Yunxian (1461‒1554) was a Chinese physician wh learned her skills frm her grandparents. Chinese wmen at the time culd nt serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with dctrs. Hwever, Tan passed the fficial exam. Tan treated wmen frm all walks f life. In 1511, Tan wrte a bk, Sayings f a Female Dctr, describing her life as a physician.James Barry (c. 1789‒1865) was brn Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University t study medicine. She qualified as a surgen in 1813, then jined the British Army, serving verseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical prfessin living and wrking as a man.Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831‒1895) wrked as a nurse fr eight years befre studying in medical cllege in Bstn in 1860. Fur years later, she was the first African American wman t receive a medical degree. She mved t Virginia in 1865, where she prvided medical care t freed slaves.
1.What did Jacqueline and James have in cmmn?A.Ding teaching hired as banned frm was Tan Yunxian different frm the ther practitiners?A.She wrte a went thrugh wrked as a had frmal was the first African American with a medical degree?A.Jacqueline Felice de Lee Crumpler.
【解析】 本文介绍了历史上四位女医生的非凡经历。1.C　推断　根据Jacqueline Felice de Almania中的"she mved t Paris where she wrked as a physician and perfrmed surgery"和James Barry中的"She qualified as a surgen in 1813"可知，这两个人的共同之处就是她们都做手术。故选C。2.A　理解具体信息　根据Tan Yunxian部分的介绍可知，谈允贤从小跟着爷爷奶奶学医，并通过了官方的考试，一生中为各行各业的女性诊疗。她还写了一本名为《女医杂言》的书，记录了自己的女医生涯。其他三个医生的介绍中并未提到写书，因此选A。
【干扰项分析】　　第一个人物介绍中提到Jacqueline Felice de Almania因非法行医受到法庭的审判，B项属于张冠李戴，应被排除；文章没有提到谈允贤当牙医，故C项错误；谈允贤从小跟着家人学医，因此D项也是错误的。
3.D　理解具体信息　根据Rebecca Lee Crumpler中的"she was the first African American wman t receive a medical degree" 可知，Rebecca Lee Crumpler是第一个获得医学学位的非裔美国人。因此答案为D。
【二次精读】　　核心单词：highlight v.突出；强调 n.最好(或最精彩、最激动人心)的部分　suspicin n.怀疑　physician n.医生　unlawfully adv.非法地　 qualify v.取得资格(或学历);合格核心短语： ban sb. frm (ding) sth.禁止某人(做)某事　 frm all walks f life来自社会各界　 be dressed as打扮成
话题：南极洲之旅　主题语境：人与自我　词数：约305　难度：★★★☆☆
[2022全国甲卷·C]As Ginni Bazlintn reached Antarctica, she fund herself greeted by a grup f little Gent penguins(企鹅) lnging t say hell. These gentle, lvely gatekeepers welcmed her and kick-started what was t be a trip Ginni wuld never frget.Ever since her childhd, Ginni, nw 71, has had a deep lve fr travel. Thrughut her career(职业) as a prfessinal dancer, she tured in the UK, but always lnged t explre further. When she retired frm dancing and her sns eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time t take the plunge. After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began t travel the wrld, eventually getting wrk teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discvered she culd get last-minute cheap deals n ships ging t Antarctica frm the islands ff Tierra del Fueg, the suthernmst tip f the Suth American mainland. "I just decided I wanted t g," she says. "I had n idea abut what I’d find there and I wasn’t nervus. I just wanted t d it. And I wanted t d it alne as I always prefer it that way."In March 2008, Ginni barded a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met befre, t begin the jurney twards Antarctica. "Frm seeing the wildlife t witnessing sunrises, the whle experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impressin n me that n ther place has," Ginni says. "I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rse ut f the water like sme prehistric creature and I thught it was smiling at us. Yu culd still hear the peratic sunds it was making underwater."
The realizatin that this is a precius land, t be respected by humans, was ne f the biggest things that hit hme t f the fllwing best explains "take the plunge" underlined in paragraph 2?A.Try challenging things.B.Take a back lst memries.D.Stick t a made Ginni decide n the trip t Antarctica?A.Lvely penguins.B.Beautiful scenery.C.A discunt fare.D.A friend’s des Ginni think abut Antarctica after the jurney?A.It culd be a hme fr her.B.It shuld be easily shuld be well preserved.D.It needs t be fully is the text mainly abut?A.A childhd dream.B.An unfrgettable arund the wrld.D.Meeting animals in Antarctica.
【解析】 本文讲述了Ginni Bazlintn难忘的南极洲之旅。1.A　理解词汇　根据第二段第二句中的"she tured in the UK, but always lnged t explre further"可知， Ginni一直渴望进一步探索世界。由本段最后一句话 "When she retired frm dancing and her sns eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time t take the plunge"可知，当Ginni退休，儿子们离家独立后，她决定是时候冒险尝试，踏上旅途了。故选A。2.C　理解具体信息　根据第三段中的"it was in Chile she discvered she culd get last-minute cheap deals n ships ging t Antarctica"可知，Ginni发现她可以赶上驶往南极洲的最后一刻的低价船票。故选C。3.C　理解观点、态度　根据文章最后一段"The realizatin that this is a precius land, t be respected by humans, was ne f the biggest things that hit hme t Ginni"可知,南极洲之旅后，Ginni意识到了那是一片净土，应该受到人类的尊重和保护，这让她深受触动。A项"南极洲可以成为她的家"；B项"南极洲理应易达"；D项"南极洲需要被全面地介绍"。故选C项。
4.B　理解主旨要义(文章大意)　文章提及Ginni喜欢旅行，着重介绍了Ginni难忘的南极洲奇遇。A项"一个童年梦想"，与全文主题不符；C项"环游世界"，范畴超过了本文内容；D项"遇见南极洲的动物"，以偏概全。故选B项。
【二次精读】　　核心单词：kick-start v.使……尽快启动，促使……开始　last-minute adj.紧急关头的，最后一分钟才完成(或决定、安排好)的核心短语：take the plunge 决定冒险一试，果断行事　hit hme t sb. 使某人深受触动
话题：通过行动克服焦虑　主题语境：人与自我　词数：约345　难度：★★★☆☆
[2022北京卷·B]My name is Alice. Early last year, I was trubled by an anxiety that crippled (削弱) my ability t d anything. I felt like a strm clud hung ver me. Fr almst a year I struggled n, cnstantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectinist tendencies were the main rt f this: I wanted t be perfect at whatever I did, which bviusly in life is nt pssible, but it cnsumed me.One day, I attended a presentatin by wildlife cnservatinist Grant Brwn at my high schl. His presentatin nt nly awed and inspired me, but als helped emerge an inner desire t make a difference in the wrld. I jined a pre-presentatin dinner with him and that smaller setting allwed me t slwly build up my curage t speak ne-n-ne with him — an idea that had seemed cmpletely impssible. This first cntact was where my stry began.A mnth later, Brwn invited me t attend the Wrld Yuth Wildlife Cnference. Lking back, I nw see that this wuld be the first in a series f timely pprtunities that my ld self wuld have let pass, but that this new and mre cnfident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shrtly after I received his invitatin, applicatins t jin the Yuth fr Nature and the Yuth fr Planet grups were sent arund thrugh my high schl. I decided t cmmit t cmpleting the applicatins, and sn I was a part f a grwing glbal team f yung peple wrking t prtect nature. Each f these new steps cntinued t grw my cnfidence.
I am writing this just six mnths since my jurney began and I’ve realised that my biggest bstacle (障碍) this whle time was myself. It was that vice in the back f my head telling me that ne phrase that has stpped s many peple frm reaching their ptential: I can’t. They say gd things cme t thse wh wait; I say: grab every pprtunity with everything yu have and be impatient. After all, nature des nt require ur patience, but ur actin.　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　1.What was the main cause fr Alice’s anxiety?A.Her inability t act her age.B.Her habit f desire t be perfect.D.Her lack f did Grant Brwn’s presentatin influence Alice?A.She decided t d smething fr tasted the sweetness f learned abut the harm f built up her curage t speak activities Alice jined in helped her t becme mre 　　　　. A.intelligentB.cnfidentC.innvative can we learn frm this passage?A.Practice makes perfect.B.Patience is a cure f is wrry’s wrst enemy.D.Everything cmes t thse wh wait.
【解析】 Alice曾经是一个完美主义者，凡事都追求完美，这导致她很焦虑。受野生动物保护主义者Grant Brwn的启发，她决定为保护自然做贡献。通过参加活动她变得更加自信，最终也克服了焦虑。1.C　理解具体信息　根据第一段中的"My perfectinist tendencies were the main rt f this: I wanted t be perfect at whatever I did"可知，Alice焦虑的主要原因是她渴望完美。2.A　理解具体信息　根据第二段中的"His presentatin the wrld"可知，Grant Brwn的讲座不仅让她肃然起敬，鼓舞了她，也让她萌生了改变世界的想法。又结合第三段中参加保护自然的活动可知，受Grant Brwn讲座的影响，她希望能为大自然做点事情。3.B　理解具体信息　根据第三段中的"but that this new and mre cnfident Alice enthusiastically seized" "Each f these new steps cntinued t grw my cnfidence"可知，Alice参加的这些活动帮助她变得更加自信。
4.C　推断　通读全文可知，完美主义者Alice非常焦虑，受野生动物保护主义者Grant Brwn的影响，她决定为保护自然做贡献，通过参加活动她变得更加自信，也克服了焦虑。由此可推知，行动是克服焦虑的好办法，故C项正确。
【二次精读】　　核心单词：perfectinist n.完美主义者　emerge v.暴露，露出真相，被知晓；(从隐蔽处或暗处)出现，浮现；显露　ptential adj.潜在的；可能的 n.潜力；可能性核心短语：hang ver笼罩；威胁词缀变形：presentatin n.颁奖仪式；展示会；讲座；(戏剧等的)上演，演出→present v.颁发；授予；提出；提交 n.现在；目前；礼物；礼品 adj.在场的；目前的　enthusiastically adv.热心地，满腔热情地→enthusiastic adj.热心的；热情的→enthusiasm n. 热情　impatient adj.不耐烦的；没有耐心的；急于；热切期待→impatience n.不耐烦，无耐心→patient adj.能忍耐的；有耐心的
话题：钢琴翻谱员　主题语境：人与自我　词数：约325　难度：★★★☆☆
[2021新高考Ⅰ卷·B]By day, Rbert Titterman is a lawyer. In his spare time thugh he ges n stage beside pianist Maria Rasppva — nt as a musician but as her page turner. "I’m nt a trained musician, but I’ve learnt t read music s I can help Maria in her perfrmance."Mr Titterman is chairman f the Omega Ensemble but has been the grup’s fficial page turner fr the past fur years. His jb is t sit beside the pianist and turn the pages f the scre s the musician desn’t have t break the flw f sund by ding it themselves. He said he became just as nervus as thse playing instruments n stage."A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt," Mr Titterman explained.Being a page turner requires plenty f practice. Sme pieces f music can g fr 40 minutes and require up t 50 page turns, including back turns fr repeat passages. Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f "ndding" t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner.But like all perfrmances, there are mments when things g wrng. "I was turning the page t get ready fr the next page, but the draft wind frm the turn caused the spare pages t fall ff the stand," Mr Titterman said. "Luckily I was able t catch them and put them back."
Mst page turners are pian students r up-and-cming cncert pianists, althugh Ms Rasppva has nce asked her husband t help her ut n stage."My husband is the wrst page turner," she laughed. "He’s absrbed in the music, feeling every nte, and I have t say:‘Turn, turn!’ Rbert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life."1.What shuld Titterman be able t d t be a page turner?A.Read music.B.Play the pian.C.Sing sngs.D.Fix the f the fllwing best describes Titterman’s jb n stage?A.Bring.B.Well-paid.C.Demanding. des Titterman need t practise?A.Cunting the pages.B.Recgnizing the "ndding" falling bjects.D.Perfrming in his wn is Ms Rasppva’s husband "the wrst page turner"?A.He has very pr eyesight.B.He ignres the has n interest in music.D.He frgets t d his jb.
【解析】 本文主要讲述了律师Rbert Titterman利用自己的业余时间去帮钢琴师翻乐谱的故事。翻乐谱看似是一份简单的工作，但是也需要进行很多练习，尤其要与每位钢琴师默契配合。1.A　理解具体信息　根据第一段中的"I’m nt a trained musician, but I’ve learnt t read music s I can help Maria in her perfrmance"可知，Rbert Titterman识乐谱，这使得他可以做好翻乐谱的工作，故A项正确。2.C　推断　根据第三段中的"A lt f skills are needed fr the jb. Yu have t make sure yu dn’t turn tw pages at nce and make sure yu find the repeats in the music when yu have t g back t the right spt"和第四段中的"Being a page turner requires plenty f practice"可以推断，Titterman在舞台上的工作要求颇高，故C项正确。3.B　理解具体信息　根据第四段中的"Silent nstage cmmunicatin is key, and each pianist has their wn style f ‘ndding’ t indicate a page turn which they need t practise with their page turner"可知，Titterman需要在领会钢琴师的"点头示意"上多加练习，故B项正确。