最新高考英语考点一遍过（讲义） 考点42 阅读理解推理判断题

这是一份最新高考英语考点一遍过（讲义） 考点42 阅读理解推理判断题，共34页。试卷主要包含了抓基础，抓课堂，抓自习，抓阅读等内容，欢迎下载使用。

要求学生重视并充分利用每单元学案、课本上的重点词汇、短语和句型，以及每单元的综合训练，认真对其辨析、总结和归纳，查漏补缺，坚持积累，最重要的是能够在合适的语境中正确、灵活地运用。保证课堂高效。
2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏
一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。
3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识
学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。大量的、甚至可能是枯燥的训练是做题速度和准确度的保证。希望老师要保证所有同学从每套题中都获得最大收获。
4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩
得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。一轮复习中，重视基础知识的同时，要坚持阅读训练，促进英语成绩的整体提高。
5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节
一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。同时，重视复习效果，做到做一件事，有一点收获。英语成绩的进步并非一蹴而就，需要每天坚持把每件事情做扎实。只要做到这一点，成功只是早晚的事！
考点42 阅读理解推理判断题
高考频度：★★★★★
题主要考查学生根据文章的字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题。做这类题时，考生应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，同时借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断。
提问整篇文章或某句某段的含蓄意思时，问句中都含有infer, imply, indicate, suggest (推断，暗指)等词。对付这类题时我们不仅要弄懂文章字面的意思，更重要的是要知道文章潜在的含义，和作者所给的提示。同时要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作合理的猜测和推论。关键是：意思要靠推断得出，而不是原文照搬。这就要把握住文章的主题思想和每段的内容；明确作者的观点及其写作该文的目的；分析文章里所给的有关信息；注意词汇在词典的定义和词典以外的含义；最后运用自己的知识进行由表及里的逻辑推理，挖出文章的伏笔，得出正确的推论。
这种问题的提问方式通常有：
1.Frm paragraph 4 we can infer that. / What can be inferred frm the passage? / Frm the last paragraph we can infer that .
2.We can infer frm the text that…/ What can we learn frm…? / We can cnclude frm the
passage that…
3.The last sentence f the first paragraph mst prbably implies that.
4.The authr implies that by the year 2080, .
5.T slve the present scial prblems the authr suggests that we shuld.
6.The authr mentins the fact that…t shw.
7. This passage wuld mst likely be fund in _________?
8.The authr’s attitude tward …is _________?
9. The tne f the passage can best be described as _________?
这些提问方式的答案一般在短文中不可能直接找到，必须根据提问中的某些关键字眼与短文中相应的有关内容加以逻辑推理或演算，从而得出某些作者并未说明却已在字里行间所暗含的意思及观点。具体的说，考生应当注意以下几点：
1.首先要注意一定要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。立足已知，推断未知，遵循“词不离句，句不离段，段不离篇”的原则。千万不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。
2.要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础。有的推断，考生完全可以根据文章中所阐述的细节，再结合自己所掌握的基础知识、有关背景知识或常识来帮助进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原意的结论。
3.要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表及里，由浅入深，从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断等，进行深层处理，合乎逻辑地推理。不能就事论事，断章取义，以偏概全。
4. 要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构，同时还要体会文章的基调，揣摩作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展方向，悟出作者的言外之意。
5.在解答推理性问题时，一定要注意确定推理依据的位置或范围。应清楚所要解答的问题需要针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断。针对细节的推断可运用scanning的方法，迅速在材料中确定推理依据的位置或范围，然后再进行推理判断。针对主题思想作推断时，则常常要纵览全篇文章。
推理判断题常见有以下形式：
1．细节推断题
要求考生根据语篇关系，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件、具体信息等。考生要从文章本身所提供的信息出发，抓住关键的信息词，运用逻辑思维，并借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断。学&科网
（2018·新课标I卷，B）Languages have been cming and ging fr thusands f years, but in recent times there has been less cming and a lt mre ging. When the wrld was still ppulated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系)grups develped their wn patterns f speech independent f each ther.Sme language experts believe that 10,000 years ag, when the wrld had just five t ten millin peple, they spke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.
Sn afterwards, many f thse peple started settling dwn t becme farmers, and their languages t became mre settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrializatin, the develpment f the natin-state and the spread f universal cmpulsry educatin, especially glbalisatin and better cmmunicatins in the past few decades, all have caused many languages t disappear, and dminant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking ver.
At present, the wrld has abut 6,800 languages. The distributin f these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild znes have relatively few languages, ften spken by many peple, while ht, wet znes have lts, ften spken by small numbers. Eurpe has nly arund 200 languages; the Americas abut 1,000; Africa 2 400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, f which Papua New Guinea alne accunts fr well ver 800. The median number (中位数)f speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the wrld’s languages are spken by fewer peple than that.
Already well ver 400 f the ttal f, 6,800 languages are clse t extinctin(消亡), with nly a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at randm, Busuu in Camern (eight remaining speakers),Chiapanec in Mexic(150), Lipan Apache in the United States(tw r three)r Wadjigu in Australia (ne, with a questin-mark): nne f these seems t have much chance f survival.
28. What can we infer abut languages in hunter-gatherer times?
A.They develped very fast. B. They were large in number.
C. They had similar patterns. D. They were clsely cnnected.
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了随着社会的发展人类语言越来越少及其原因。
【答案】B
2．因果推断题
要求考生根据已知结果推测导致结果的可能原因或根据已有的原因推断可能的结果。考生要准确掌握文章的内涵，理解文章的真正含义。最关键的是要找准事物间存在的因果关系信息，根据已有信息，进行分析判断推理，从而推出最符合逻辑的原因或判断出最可能导致的结果。
（2018·新课标I卷，D）We may think we’re a culture that gets rid f ur wrn technlgy at the first sight f smething shiny and new, but a new study shws that we keep using ur ld devices (装置) well after they g ut f style. That’s bad news fr the envirnment – and ur wallets – as these utdated devices cnsume much mre energy than the newer nes that d the same things.
T figure ut hw much pwer these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her clleagues at the Rchester Institute f Technlgy in New Yrk tracked the envirnmental csts fr each prduct thrughut its life – frm when its minerals are mined t when we stp using the device. This methd prvided a readut fr hw hme energy use has evlved since the early 1990s. Devices were gruped by generatin. Desktp cmputers, basic mbile phnes, and bx-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived n the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phnes, and LCD TVs entered hmes in 2002, befre tablets and e-readers shwed up in 2007.
As we accumulated mre devices, hwever, we didn’t thrw ut ur ld nes. “The living-rm televisin is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ rm, and suddenly ne day, yu have a TV in every rm f the huse,” said ne researcher. The average number f electrnic devices rse frm fur per husehld in 1992 t 13 in 2007. We’re nt just keeping these ld devices – we cntinue t use them. Accrding t the analysis f Babbitt’s team, ld desktp mnitrs and bx TVs with cathde ray tubes are the wrst devices with their energy cnsumptin and cntributin t greenhuse gas emissins (排放) mre than dubling during the 1992 t 2007 windw.
S what’s the slutin (解决方案)? The team’s data nly went up t 2007, but the researchers als explred what wuld happen if cnsumers replaced ld prducts with new electrnics that serve mre than ne functin, such as a tablet fr wrd prcessing and TV viewing. They fund that mre n-demand entertainment viewing n tablets instead f TVs and desktp cmputers culd cut energy cnsumptin by 44%.
35. What des the text suggest peple d abut ld electrnic devices?
A. Stp using them.B. Take them apart.
C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.
【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章讲述了新旧电子设备的差别，旧电子设备耗能高、不环保。所以作者主张使用新电子设备。
3．人物性格、心情处境、态度及观点等推断题
高考阅读测试中有些题目考查学生对文章作者的主导思想、被描写人物语气、言谈话语中流露的情绪、性格倾向和作用或文中人物的态度、观点等方面的理解。做这一类题时一定注意：
（1）由表及里地准确把握字里行间的意思，切勿用自己的主观想法或观点代替作者的思想观点。
（2）特别注意那些描写环境气氛的语言，以及表达感情，态度观点的词语。要特别注意作者在文章中的措辞，尤其是感情色彩的形容词。
（3）能结合自己平时积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。
Parents shuld stp blaming themselves because there’s nt a lt they can d abut it. I mean the teenager (十几岁的孩子) prblem. Whatever yu d r hwever yu chse t deal with it, at certain times a wnderful, reasnable and helpful child will turn int a terrible animal.
I’ve seen friends deal with it in all kinds f different ways. One strict mther insisted that her sn, right frm a child, shuld stand up whenever anyne entered the rm, pen drs and shake hands like a gentleman. I saw him last week when I called rund. Sprawling himself (懒散地躺) n the sfa in full length, he made n attempt t turn ff the lud TV he was watching as I walked in, and his greeting was n mre than a quick glance at me. His mther was ashamed. “I dn’t knw what t d with him these days,” she said. “He’s frgtten all the manners we taught him.”
He hasn’t frgtten them. He’ s just decided that he’ s nt ging t use them. She cnfessed (坦白) that she wuld like t cme up behind him and thrw him dwn frm the sfa nt the flr.
Anther gd friend f mine let her tw daughters climb all ver the furniture, reach acrss the table, stare at me and say, “I dn’t like yur dress; it’s ugly.” One f the daughters has recently been driven ut f schl. The ther has left hme.
“Where did we g wrng?” her parents are nw very sad. Prbably nwhere much. At least, n mre than the rest f that unfrtunate race, parents.
1. The by n the sfa wuld mst prbably be described as ______.
A. lazy B. quiet C. unusual D. rude
2. Frm the secnd example we can infer that the parents f the tw daughters ______.
A. pay n attentin t them B. are t busy t lk after them
C. have cme t hate them D. feel helpless t d much abut them
3. What is the authr’s pinin abut the sudden change in teenage children?
A. Parents have n chice but t try t accept it.
B. Parents shuld pay still sre attentin t the change.
C. Parents shuld wrk mre clsely with schl teachers.
D. Parents are at fault fr the change in their children.
【答案与解析】
2. D 此题属于对“人物心情处境的推断”。根据最后一段，“‘Where did we g wrng?’ her parents are nw very sad.”一句可推测这两位父母对他们学坏的女儿无可奈何，因此正确答案为D。
3.A 此题属于“对态度及观点的推断”，文中第一句话“Parents shuld stp blaming themselves because there’s nt a lt they can d abut it.”就表明了作者的观点，父母不应当总是为此事而责怪自己。应当采取措施面对这个事情。然后最后又用了“Prbably nwhere much. At least, n mre than the rest f that unfrtunate race, parents.”做总结，表明父母们不得不接受这个不好的事实。
4．篇章结构推断题
根据不同文章的内容和写作目的，作者会采取记叙、描写、议论、说明或应用文体。作者也会采用叙述、例证、比较对照等不同的组织结构。不同文体的阅读难度、要求和任务不同，阅读方法也应不同。增强对篇章结构的理解能力有助于提高阅读质量。
Have yu ever wndered why birds sing? Maybe yu thught that they were just happy. After all, yu prbably sing r whistle when yu are happy.
Sme scientists believe that birds d sing sme f the time just because they are happy. Hwever, they sing mst f the time fr a very different reasn. Their singing is actually a warning t ther birds t stay ut f their territry.
…
1. Hw des the writer explain birds’ singing?
A. By cmparing birds with human beings.
B. By reprting experiment results.
C. By describing birds’ daily life.
D. By telling a bird’s stry.
5．文章结论推断题
由具体到一般，对已知的事实进行归纳总结性推断称为结论。学&科网
（2017·北京卷，C）Measles(麻疹), which nce killed 450 children each year and disabled even mre, was nearly wiped ut in the United States 14 years ag by the universal use f the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a cmeback, caused by a grwing anti-vaccine mvement and misinfrmatin that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reprted in the USA, cmpared with 189 fr all f last year.
The numbers might sund small, but they are the leading edge f a dangerus trend. When vaccinatin rates are very high, as they still are in the natin as a whle, everyne is prtected. This is called “herd immunity”, which prtects the peple wh get hurt easily, including thse wh can’t be vaccinated fr medical reasns, babies t yung t get vaccinated and peple n whm the vaccine desn’t wrk.
But herd immunity wrks nly when nearly the whle herd jins in. When sme refuse vaccinatin and seek a free ride, immunity breaks dwn and everyne is in even bigger danger.
That’s exactly what is happening in small neighbrhds arund the cuntry frm Orange Cunty, Califrnia, where 22 measles cases were reprted this mnth, t Brklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-ld caused an utbreak last year.
The resistance t vaccine has cntinued fr decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Thse wh refuse t take that risk selfishly make thers suffer.
Making things wrse are state laws that make it t easy t pt ut(决定不参加) f what are suppsed t be required vaccines fr all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allw parents t get an exemptin（豁免), smetimes just by signing a paper saying they persnally bject t a vaccine.
Nw, several states are mving t tighten laws by adding new regulatins fr pting ut. But n ne des enugh t limit exemptins.
Parents ught t be able t pt ut nly fr limited medical r religius reasns. But persnal pinins? Nt gd enugh. Everyne enjys the life-saving benefits vaccines prvide, but they’ll exist nly as lng as everyne shares in the risks.
D．The vaccine pt-uts f sme peple.
66．What is the purpse f the passage?
A．T intrduce the idea f exemptin.
B．T discuss methds t cure measles.
C．T stress the imprtance f vaccinatin.
D．T appeal fr equal rights in medical treatment.
【答案】C
题组一（2018年高考真题）
Passage1(2018·新课标卷II，C)
Teens and yunger children are reading a lt less fr fun, accrding t a Cmmn Sense Media reprt published Mnday.
While the decline ver the past decade is steep fr teen readers, sme data in the reprt shws that reading remains a big part f many children’s lives, and indicates hw parents might help encurage mre reading.
Accrding t the reprt’s key findings, “the prprtin (比例) wh say they ‘hardly ever’ read fr fun has gne frm 8 percent f 13-year-lds and 9 percent f 17-year-lds in 1984 t 22 percent and 27 percent respectively tday.”
The reprt data shws that pleasure reading levels fr yunger children, ages 2—8, remain largely the same. But the amunt f time spent in reading each sessin has declined, frm clser t an hur r mre t clser t a half hur per sessin.
When it cmes t technlgy and reading, the reprt des little t cunsel(建议) parents lking fr data abut the effect f e-readers and tablets n reading. It des pint ut that many parents still limit electrnic reading, mainly due t cncerns abut increased screen time.
The mst hpeful data shared in the reprt shws clear evidence f parents serving as examples and imprtant guides fr their kids when it cmes t reading. Data shws that kids and teens wh d read frequently, cmpared t infrequent readers, have mre bks in the hme, mre bks purchased fr them, parents wh read mre ften, and parents wh set aside time fr them t read.
As the end f schl appraches, and schl vacatin reading lists lm(逼近) ahead, parents might take this chance t step in and make their wn summer reading list and plan a family trip t the library r bkstre.
28. What is the Cmmn Sense Media reprt prbably abut?
A. Children’s reading habits.
B. Quality f children’s bks.
C. Children’s after-class activities.
D. Parent-child relatinships.
29. Where can yu find the data that best supprts "children are reading a lt less fr fun"?
A. In paragraph 2. B. In paragraph 3.
C. In paragraph 4. D. In paragraph 5.
30. Why d many parents limit electrnic reading?
A. E-bks are f pr quality.
B. It culd be a waste f time.
C. It may harm children’s health.
D. E-readers are expensive.
31. Hw shuld parents encurage their children t read mre?
A. Act as rle mdels fr them.
B. Ask then t write bk reprts.
C. Set up reading grups fr them.
D. Talk with their reading class teachers.
Passage2(2018·天津卷，D)
Give yurself a test. Which way is the wind blwing? Hw many kinds f wildflwers can be seen frm yur frnt dr? If yur awareness is as sharp as it culd be, yu’ll have n truble answering these questins.
Mst f us bserved much mre as children than we d as adults. A child’s day is filled with fascinatin, newness and wnder. Curisity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctins that were sharp t us as children becme unclear; we are numb(麻木的) t new stimulatin(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art f seeing the wrld arund us is quite simple, althugh it takes practice and requires breaking sme bad habits.
The first step in awakening senses is t stp predicting what we are ging t see and feel befre it ccurs. This blcks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rcky Muntains with sme students, I mentined that we were ging t crss a muntain stream. The students began cmplaining abut hw cld it wuld be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almst knee-deep when they realized it was a ht spring. Later they all admitted they’d felt cld water at first.
Anther blck t awareness is the bsessin(痴迷) many f us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers wh sptted a bird, immediately lked it up in field guides, and said, a "ruby-crwned kinglet" and checked it ff. They n lnger paid attentin t the bird and never learned what it was ding.
The pressures f "time" and "destinatin" are further blcks t awareness. I encuntered many hikers wh were headed t a distant camp-grund with just enugh time t get there befre dark. It seldm ccurred t them t wander a bit, t take a mment t see what’s arund them. I asked them what they’d seen. "Oh, a few birds," they said. They seemed bent n their destinatins.
Nature seems t unfld t peple wh watch and wait. Next time yu take a walk, n matter where it is, take in all the sights, sunds and sensatins. Wander in this frame f mind and yu will pen a new dimensin t yur life.
51. Accrding t Paragraph 2, cmpared with adults, children are mre _____________.
A. anxius t d wnders
B. sensitive t thers’ feelings
C. likely t develp unpleasant habits
D. eager t explre the wrld arund them
52. What idea des the authr cnvey in Paragraph 3?
A. T avid jumping t cnclusins.
B. T stp cmplaining all the time.
C. T fllw the teacher’s advice.
D. T admit mistakes hnestly.
53. The bird watchers’ behavir shws that they ____________.
A. are very patient in their bservatin
B. are really fascinated by nature
C. care nly abut the names f birds
D. questin the accuracy f the field guides
54. Why d the hikers take n ntice f the surrundings during the jurney?
A. The natural beauty isn’t attractive t them.
B. They fcus n arriving at the camp in time.
C. The frest in the dark is dangerus fr them.
D. They are keen t see rare birds at the destinatin.
55. In the passage, the authr intends t tell us we shuld __________.
A. fill ur senses t feel the wnders f the wrld
B. get rid f sme bad habits in ur daily life
C. pen ur mind t new things and ideas
D. try ur best t prtect nature
Passage3(2018·浙江卷，C)
As cultural symbls g, the American car is quite yung. The Mdel T Frd was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ag, with the first rlling ff the assembly line（装配线）n September 27, 1908. Only eleven cars were prduced the next mnth. But eventually Henry Frd wuld build fifteen millin f them.
Mdern America was brn n the rad, behind a wheel. The car shaped sme f the mst lasting aspects f American culture: the radside diner, the billbard, the mtel, even the hamburger. Fr mst f the last century, the car represented what it meant t be American—ging frward at high speed t find new wrlds. The rad nvel, the rad mvie, these are the mst typical American ideas, brn f abundant petrl, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public wrks prject in histry.
In 1928 Herbert Hver imagined an America with “a chicken in every pt and a car in every garage.” Since then, this sciety has mved nward, never lking back, as the car transfrmed America frm a farm-based sciety int an industrial pwer.
The cars that drve the American Dream have helped t create a glbal eclgical disaster. In America the demand fr il has grwn by 22 percent since 1990.
The prblems f excessive（过度的）energy cnsumptin, climate change and ppulatin grwth have been described in a bk by the American writer Thmas L. Friedman. He fears the wrst, but hpes fr the best.
Friedman pints ut that the green ecnmy（经济）is a chance t keep American strength. “The ability t design, build and exprt green technlgies fr prducing clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant fd is ging t be the currency f pwer in the new century.”
28. Why is hamburger mentined in paragraph 2?
A. T explain Americans’ lve fr travelling by car.
B. T shw the influence f cars n American culture.
C. T stress the ppularity f fast fd with Americans.
D. T praise the effectiveness f America’s rad system.
29. What has the use f cars in America led t?
A. Decline f ecnmy. B. Envirnmental prblems.
C. A shrtage f il supply. D. A farm-based sciety.
30. What is Friedman’s attitude twards America’s future?
A. Ambiguus. B. Dubtful. C. Hpeful. D. Tlerant.
题组二（2017年高考真题）
Passage1(2017·新课标卷I，B)
I wrk with Vlunteers fr Wildlife, a rescue and educatin rganizatin at Bailey Arbretum in Lcust Valley. Trying t help injured, displaced r sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. Hwever, when it wrks, it is simply beautiful.
I gt a rescue call frm a wman in Muttntwn. She had fund a yung wl(猫头鹰) n the grund. When I arrived, I saw a 2-t 3-week-ld wl. It had already been placed in a carrier fr safety.
I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I culd lcate the nest, I might have been able t put it back, but n luck. My next wrk was t cnstruct a nest and anchr it in a tree.
The hmewner was very helpful. A wire basket was fund. I put sme pine branches int the basket t make this nest safe and cmfrtable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed dwn.
Nw all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the hmewner a recrding f the hunger screams f wl chicks. These advertise the presence f chicks t adults; they might als encurage ur chick t start calling as well. I gave the wner as much infrmatin as pssible and headed hme t see what news the night might bring.
A nervus night t be sure, but smetimes the spirits f nature smile n us all! The hmewner called t say that the parents had respnded t the recrdings. I drve ver and saw the chick in the nest lking healthy and active. And it was accmpanied in the nest by the greatest sight f all — LUNCH! The parents had dne their duty and wuld prbably cntinue t d s.
24. What is unavidable in the authr’s rescue wrk accrding t paragraph 1?
A. Effrts made in vain.
B. Getting injured in his wrk.
C. Feeling uncertain abut his future.
D. Creatures frced ut f their hmes.
25. Why was the authr called t Muttntwn?
A. T rescue a wman.
B. T take care f a wman.
C. T lk at a baby wl.
D. T cure a yung wl.
26.What made the chick calm dwn?
A. A new nest.B. Sme fd.C. A recrding.D. Its parents.
27.Hw wuld the authr feel abut the utcme f the event?
A. It’s unexpected.B. It’s beautiful.
C. It’s humrus.D. It’s discuraging.
Passage2(2017·新课标III卷，B)
Minutes after the last mvie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, emplyees were busy sweeping up ppcrns and gathering cke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater’s 75-year histry. This time, hwever, the cleanup was a little different. As ne grup f wrkers carried ut the rubbish, anther grup began remving seats and ther theater equipment in preparatin fr the building’s end.
The film classic The Last Picture Shw was the last mvie shwn in the ld theater. Thugh the mvie is 30 years ld, mst f the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting t say gd-bye t the ld building. Theater wner Ed Bradfrd said he chse the mvie because it seemed apprpriate. The mvie is set in a small twn where the nly mvie theater is preparing t clse dwn.
Bradfrd said that large mdern theaters in the city made it impssible fr the Plaza t cmpete. He added that the theater’s lcatin(位置) was als a reasn. ＂This used t be the center f twn,＂ he said. ＂Nw the area is mstly ffice buildings and warehuses.＂
Last week sme city fficials suggested the city might be interested in turning the ld theater int a museum and public meeting place. Hwever, these plans were abandned because f financial prblems. Bradfrd sld the building and land t a lcal develpment firm, which plans t build a shpping cmplex n the land where the theater is lcated.
The theater audience said gd-bye as Bradfrd lcked the drs fr the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theater had shwn its last mvie. The theater will be missed.
24. In what way was yesterday’s cleanup at the Plaza special?
A. It made rm fr new equipment.
B. It signaled the clsedwn f the theater.
C. It was dne with the help f the audience.
D. It marked the 75th anniversary f the theater.
25. Why was The Last Picture Shw put n?
A. It was an all-time classic. B. It was abut the histry f the twn.
C. The audience requested it. D. The theater wner fund it suitable.
26. What will prbably happen t the building?
A. It will be repaired. B. It will be turned int a museum.
C. It will be kncked dwn. D. It will be sld t the city gvernment.
27. What can we infer abut the audience?
A. They are disappinted with Bradfrd. B. They are sad t part with the ld theater.
C. They are supprtive f the city fficials. D. They are eager t have a shpping center.
Passage3(2017·浙江卷)
FLORENCE, Italy—Svetlana Cjchru feels hurt. The Mldvan has lived here seven years as a caregiver t Italian kids and elderly, but in rder t stay she’s had t prve her language skills by taking a test which requires her t write a pstcard t an imaginary friend and answer a fictinal jb ad.
Italy is the latest Western Eurpean cuntry trying t cntrl a grwing immigrant(移民) ppulatin by demanding language skills in exchange fr wrk permits, r in sme cases, citizenship.
Sme immigrant advcates wrry that as hard financial times make it mre difficult fr natives t keep jbs, such measures will becme mre a vehicle fr intlerance than integratin(融合). Others say it’s nly natural that newcmers learn the language f their hst natin, seeing it as a cnditin t ensure they can cntribute t sciety.
Other Eurpean cuntries laid dwn a similar requirement fr immigrants, and sme terms are even tugher. The gvernments argue that this will help freigners better jin the sciety and prmte understanding acrss cultures.
Italy, which has a much weaker traditin f immigratin, has witnessed a sharp increase in immigratin in recent years. In 1990, immigrants numbered sme 1.14 millin ut f Italy’s then 56.7 millin peple, r abut 2 percent. At the start f this year, freigners living in Italy amunted t 4.56 millin f a ttal ppulatin f 60.6 millin, r 7.5 percent, with immigrants’ children accunting fr an ever larger percentage f births in Italy.
Cjchru, the Mldvan caregiver, hped btaining permanent residence(居住权) wuld help her bring her tw children t Italy; they live with her sister in Mldva, where salaries are amng the lwest in Eurpe. She was skeptical that the language requirement wuld encurage integratin.
Italians always ＂see me as a freigner,＂ an utsider, even thugh she’s stayed in the cuntry fr years and can speak the lcal language fluently, she said.
28. Why des Cjchru have t take a language test?
A. T cntinue t stay in Italy. B. T teach her children Italian.
C. T find a better jb in Italy. D. T better mix with the Italians.
29. Sme peple wrry that the new language requirement may ________.
A. reduce Italy’s ppulatin quickly B. cause cnflicts amng peple
C. lead t financial difficulties D. put pressure n schls
30. What d we knw abut Cjchru?
A. She lives with her sister nw in Italy.
B. She enjys learning the Italian language.
C. She speaks Italian well enugh fr her jb.
D. She wishes t g back t her hme cuntry.
Passage4(2017·天津卷)
Fifteen years ag, I tk a summer vacatin in Lecce in suthern Italy. After climbing up a hill fr a panramic(全景的) view f the blue sea, white buildings and green live trees, I paused t catch my breath and then psitined myself t take the best pht f this panrama.
Unfrtunately, just as I tk ut my camera, a wman apprached frm behind, and planted herself right in frnt f my view. Like me, this wman was here t stp, sigh and appreciate the view.
Patient as I was, after abut 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the sht I wuld eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it t much t ask her t mve s I culd take just ne picture f the landscape? Sure, I culd have asked her, but smething prevented me frm ding s. She seemed s cntent in her bservatin. I didn’t want t mess with that.
Anther 15 minutes passed and I grew bred. The wman was still there. I decided t take the pht anyway. And nw when I lk at it, I think her presence in the pht is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful n its wn, smehw cmes t life and breathes because this wman is engaging with it.
This pht, with the unique beauty that unflded befre me and that wman wh “ruined” it, nw hangs n a wall in my bedrm. What wuld she think if she knew that her figure is captured(捕捉) and frzen n sme stranger’s bedrm wall? A bedrm, after all, is a very private space, in which sme wman I dn’t even knw has been immrtalized(使……永存). In sme ways, she lives in my huse.
Perhaps we all live in each thers’ spaces. Perhaps this is what phts are fr: t remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a cmmn desire fr pleasure, fr cnnectin, fr smething that is greater than us.
That pht is a reminder, a captured mment, an unspken cnversatin between tw wmen, separated nly by a thin square f glass.
41. What happened when the authr was abut t take a pht?
A. Her camera stpped wrking.
B. A wman blcked her view.
C. Smene asked her t leave.
D. A friend apprached frm behind.
42. Accrding t the authr, the wman was prbably___________.
A. enjying herself
B. lsing her patience
C. waiting fr the sunset
D. thinking abut her past
43. In the authr’s pinin, what makes the pht s alive?
A. The rich clr f the landscape.
B. The perfect psitining f the camera.
C. The wman’s existence in the pht.
D. The sft sunlight that summer day.
44. The pht n the bedrm wall enables the authr t better understand __________.
A. the need t be clse t nature
B. the imprtance f private space
C. the jy f the vacatin in Italy
D. the shared passin fr beauty
45. The passage can be seen as the authr’s reflectins upn ___________.
A. a particular life experienceB. the pleasure f traveling
C. the art f phtgraphyD. a lst friendship
题组三（2016年高考真题）
Passage1(2016·新课标全国卷I)
Grandparents Answer a Call
As a third-generatin native f Brwnsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never planned t mve away. Even when her daughter and sn asked her t mve t San Antni t help with their children, she plitely refused. Only after a year f friendly discussin did Ms. Garza finally say yes. That was fur years ag. Tday all three generatins regard the mve as a success, giving them a clser relatinship than they wuld have had in separate cities.
N statistics shw the number f grandparents like Garza wh are mving clser t adult children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is grwing. Even President Obama’s mther-in-law, Marian Rbinsn, has agreed t leave Chicag and mve int the White Huse t help care fr her granddaughters. Accrding t a study by grandparents. Cm, 83 percent f the peple said Mrs. Rbinsn ’s decisin will influence grandparents in the American family. Tw-thirds believe mre families will fllw the example f Obama’s family.
“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and culdn’t get away frm hme far enugh fr fast enugh t prve we culd d it n ur wn,”says Christine Crsby, publisher f Grand , a magazine fr grandparents.“We nw realize hw imprtant family is and hw imprtant it is”t be near them, especially when yu’re raising children.”
Mving is nt fr everyne. Almst every grandparent wants t be with his r her grandchildren and is willing t make sacrifices, but smetimes it is wiser t say n and visit frequently instead. Having yur grandchildren far away is hard, especially knwing yur adult child is struggling, but giving up the life yu knw may be harder.
25. Why was Garza’s mve a success?
A．It strengthened her family ties.
B．It imprved her living cnditins.
C．It enabled her t make mre friends.
D．It helped her knw mre new places.
26. What was the reactin f the public t Mrs. Rbinsn’s decisin?
A．17% expressed their supprt fr it.
B．Few peple respnded sympathetically.
C．83% believed it had a bad influence.
D．The majrity thught it was a trend.
27. What did Crsby say abut peple in the 1960s?
A．They were unsure f themselves.
B．They were eager t raise mre children.
C．They wanted t live away frm their parents.
D．They had little respect fr their grandparents.
28. What des the authr suggest the grandparents d in the last paragraph?
A. Make decisins in the best interests f their wn.
B. Ask their children t pay mre visits t them.
C. Sacrifice fr their struggling children .
D. Get t knw themselves better.
Passage2(2016·新课标全国卷 = 3 \* ROMAN II)
Reading can be a scial activity. Think f the peple wh belng t bk grups. They chse bks t read and then meet t discuss them. Nw, the website BkCrssing.cm turns the page n the traditinal idea f a bk grup.
Members g n the site and register the bks they wn and wuld like t share. BkCrssing prvides an identificatin number t stick inside the bk. Then the persn leaves it in a public place, hping that the bk will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader wh finds it.
Bruce Pedersn, the managing directr f BkCrssing, says, “The tw things that change yur life are the peple yu meet and bks yu read. BkCrssing cmbines bth.”
Members leave bks n park benches and buses, in train statins and cffee shps. Whever finds their bk will g t the site and recrd where they fund it.
Peple wh find a bk can als leave a jurnal entry describing what they thught f it. E-mails are then sent t the BkCrssers t keep them updated abut where their bks have been fund. Bruce Pedersn says the idea is fr peple nt t be selfish by keeping a bk t gather dust n a shelf at hme.
BkCrssing is part f a trend amng peple wh want t get back t the “real” and nt the virtual(虚拟). The site nw has mre than ne millin members in mre than ne hundred thirty-five cuntries.
29. Why des the authr mentin bk grups in the first paragraph?
A. T explain what they are.
B. T intrduce BkCrssing.
C. T stress the imprtance f reading.
D. T encurage readers t share their ideas.
30. What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A. The bk.B. An adventure.
C. A public place.D. The identificatin number.
31. What will a BkCrsser d with a bk after reading it?
A. Meet ther readers t discuss it.B. Keep it safe in his bkcase.
C. Pass it n t anther reader.D. Mail it back t its wner.
32. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Online Reading: A Virtual TurB. Electrnic Bks: A new Trend
C. A Bk Grup Brings Traditin BackD. A Website Links Peple thrugh Bks
Passage3(2016·新课标卷III)
The Intelligent Transprt team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car int a mbile labratry named ＂DriveLAB＂ in rder t understand the challenges faced by lder drivers and t discver where the key stress pints are.
Research shws that giving up driving is ne f the key reasns fr a fall in health and well-being amng lder peple, leading t them becming mre islated(隔绝) and inactive.
Led by Prfessr Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are develping in-vehicle technlgies fr lder drivers which they hpe culd help them t cntinue driving int later life.
These include custm-made navigatin(导航) tls, night visin systems and intelligent speed adaptatins. Phil Blythe explains: ＂Fr many lder peple, particularly thse living alne r in the cuntry, driving is imprtant fr preserving their independence, giving them the freedm t get ut and abut withut having t rely n thers.＂
＂But we all have t accept that as we get lder ur reactins slw dwn and this ften results in peple aviding any ptentially challenging driving cnditins and lsing cnfidence in their driving skills. The result is that peple stp driving befre they really need t.＂
Dr Amy Gu, the leading researcher n the lder driver study, explains: ＂The DriveLAB is helping us t understand what the key pints and difficulties are fr lder drivers and hw we might use technlgy t address these prblems.
＂Fr example, mst f us wuld expect lder drivers always g slwer than everyne else but surprisingly, we fund that in 30mph znes they struggled t keep at a cnstant speed and s were mre likely t break the speed limit and be at risk f getting fined. We’re lking at the benefits f systems which cntrl their speed as a way f preventing that.
＂We hpe that ur wrk will help with technlgical slutins(解决方案) t ensure that lder drivers stay safer behind the wheel.＂
32. What is the purpse f the DriveLAB?
A. T explre new means f transprt.
B. T design new types f cars.
C. T find ut lder driver’s prblems.
D. T teach peple traffic rules.
33. Why is driving imprtant fr lder peple accrding t Phil Blythe?
A. It keeps them independent.
B. It helps them save time.
C. It builds up their strength.
D. It cures their mental illnesses.
34. What d researchers hpe t d fr lder drivers?
A. Imprve their driving skills.
B. Develp driver-assist technlgies.
C. Prvide tips n repairing their cars.
D. Organize regular physical checkups.
35. What is the best title fr the text?
A. A new Mdel Electric Car
B. A Slutin t Traffic Prblems
C. Driving Services fr Elders
D. Keeping Older Drivers n the Rad
Passage4(2016·四川卷)
Basketball Statistician Help Wanted
The Athletic Department is lking fr students t help assist staff during the Fall 2016, Winter 2016-17 and Spring 2017 semesters. Students in this psitin will be keeping live statistics during basketball games. Students must meet all f the fllwing requirements:
Gd cmputer skills
Available evenings and weekends
Knwing basketball rules and statistics
Students interested in wrking fr the Athletic Department shuld cntact the Athletic Crdinatr at their respective(各自的) campuses.
TP/SS Athletic Crdinatr, Michael Simne,240-567-1308
Rckville Athletic Crdinatr, Jrge Zuniga,240-567-7589
Springfield Athletic crdinatr, Gary Miller,240-567-2273
Germantwn Athletic Crdinatr, GavriChavan, 240-567-6915
1.When will the jb start?
A .In May 2016 B. In May 2017
C. In September 2016 D. In September2017
2.Wh is mre likely t get jb?
A. Sam, English majr ,member f the cllege basketball team
B. Judy, IT staff with night classes, children’s basketball team cach
C. Ted, cmputer majr, basketball fan, free n evenings and weekends
D. Mlly, part-time prgrammer, high schl basketball player ,new mther
3.Whm shuld yu cntact if yu want t apply fr the jb in Rckville?
A. Michael.B. Jrge.C. Gauri.D. Gary.
题组四（名校模拟题）
Passage 1(2018届 河南省重点名校高考模拟)
While there are a few ways t make use f yur ld smartphne, ne f the better ways is t cnvert int a dash cam（行车记录仪） that yu can use n yur bicycle. With the camera, yu can recrd yur rides, which is especially helpful if yu are invlved in a crash with anther vehicle.
T use yur smartphne as a dash cam n yur bike, yu will need t make sure it is prperly secured t yur bike. T d this crrectly, yu must take tw strips f heavy-duty Velcr( a kind f clth used as fastening) alng with tw pipe clamps（管夹） and a flat crner brace(角撑) t prperly attach it. Yu will start by attaching the crner brace t yur smartphne.
Next, attach a Velcr strip t yur phne’s back. Yu will put the secnd strip n the end f the brace crner and cut any extra Velcr ff and away frm the brace. By using heavy-duty Velcr, yu shuldn’t have t wrry abut the camera cming lse. The crner brace must be attached t the bicycle directly.
Take tw pipe clamps s yu can attach the part f the crner brace that is untuched s the phne can be held up and used. The pipe clamps must be psitined near the center f the handlebar, which will enable yu t get a better picture when videtaping.
T run a dash cam app n yur ld phne, yu will nt need WiFi. Yu will just need t dwnlad a dash cam app nt the ld phne. Yu will then just start the app at any time yu head ut n the rad. There is always the chance f flaws, but yu will be giving yurself a way t prtect yurself in a friendly, ec-friendly manner that is much less expensive than purchasing a dash cam.
1. What is the purpse f building a dash cam n yur bike?
A. T make full use f an ld smartphne.
B. T recrd the scenery while travelling.
C. T reduce an unexpected crash n the rad.
D. T avid unnecessary arguments in an accident.
2. What des the underlined wrd ＂it＂ in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A. The bike.B. The pipe clamp.
C. The smartphne.D. The flat crner brace.
3. What can we learn abut a Velcr strip?
A. It will fix the camera firmly.
B. It is better t keep it as lng as pssible.
C. It is imprtant fr the flat crner brace.
D. It is best put in the center f the smartphne.
4. What can be inferred abut the DIY dash cam frm the last paragraph?
A. It is a perfect alternative t a purchased ne.
B. It is beneficial t envirnment in sme way.
C. It is a much mre demanding jb fr the user.
D. It makes its wner friendly t ther peple.
Passage 2(2018届山东省师大附中高三第模拟)
In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisitin f each new skill-the first spken wrds, the first independent steps, r the beginning f reading and writing. It is ften tempting t hurry the child beynd his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerus feelings f failure and states f wrry in the child: This might happen at any stage. A baby might be frced t use a tilet t early, a yung child might be encuraged t learn t read befre he knws the meaning f the wrds he reads. On the ther hand, thugh, if a child is left alne t much, r withut any learning pprtunities, he lses his natural enthusiasm fr life and his desire t find ut new things fr himself.
Patents vary greatly in their degree f strictness twards their children. Sme may be especially strict in mney matters. Others are severe ver times f cming hme at night r punctuality fr meals. In general, the cntrls impsed represent the needs f the parents and the values f the cmmunity as much as the child’s wn happiness.
As regards the develpment f mral standards in the grwing child, cnsistency is very imprtant in parental teaching. T frbid a thing ne day and excuse it the next is n fundatin fr mrality. Als, parents shuld realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are nt sincere and d nt practice what they teach, their children may grw cnfused, and emtinally insecure when they grw ld enugh t think fr themselves, and realize they have been t sme extent fled.
A sudden awareness f a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their mrals can be a dangerus disappintment.
1.Eagerly watching the child’s acquisitin f new skills ______.
A. shuld be avided
B.is universal amng parents
C. sets up dangerus states f wrry in the child
D. will make him lse interest in learning new things
2.In the prcess f children’s learning new skills, parents ______.
A. shuld encurage them t read befre they knw the meaning f the wrds they read
B. shuld nt expect t much f them
C. shuld achieve a balance between pushing them t hard and leaving them n their wn
D. shuld create as many learning pprtunities as pssible
3.The secnd paragraph mainly tells us that ______.
A. parents shuld be strict with their children
B. parental cntrls reflect nly the needs f the parents and the values f the cmmunity
C. parental restrictins vary, and are nt always intended fr the benefit f the children alne
D. parents vary in their strictness twards their children accrding t the situatin
4.In mral matters, parents shuld _______.
A bserve the rules themselves
B.be aware f the marked difference between adults and children
C. frbid things which have n fundatin in mrality
D. cnsistently ensure the security f their children
Passage 3(2017届山西省实验中学高三年级模考)
Taylre is a kid wh passes by t ride smetimes and help us with chres. Barely 15, she’s never shrt f advice, and ne f her favrite pastimes is teasing me abut being afraid t g t fast n a hrse.
Last summer fur f us rde dwn the trail behind ur wds: my wife Karen, Taylre, Taylre’s friend Kendall and me. I was riding my 13-year-ld, Tawny.
We were tw miles frm hme when, fr sme unexplainable reasn, I pushed Tawny int a gallp（飞驰）. The ther hrses were anxius t catch up, and just like that, the race was n.
Taylre brushed past my left leg and, secnds later, Kendall went by n my right. I realized Tawny was cvering grund faster than I’d ever seen her. She strained every muscle in her bdy t catch up with the girls. It was like a truck winding ver a muntain rad withut brakes (闸). Part f me felt perfectly in cntrl, while anther part screamed that I wasn’t.
In half a mile I knew we’d be crssing the highway, s I prayed that the girls wuld be fine. I gave up calculating hw lng it might take befre my hrse wuld be tried enugh t want t slw dwn.
I was just abut ut f answers when I saw the girls slwing in frnt f me. Their hrses were relaxed and cmfrtable, nt even breathing hard. Taylre’s face glwed. She gave me a high five. ＂Ww, yu did well, ＂she said. ＂ I knew yu’d g fast when yu were ready.＂
N ne in the grup had even brken a sweat, except me. I was still nervus frm the crazy pace. My heart punded t, but nt frm exercise. Karen claims I was shwing ff fr the girls that day, and maybe she’s right. But I think I had smething t prve. Because despite my wrinkles (皱纹), glasses and gray hair, I was feeling yung at heart. And, like a hrse n a warm summer day, I’m always ready t kick up my heels.
1. Hw did the race between the girls and the authr begin?
A. His hrse’s gallp made the ther hrses want t catch up.
B. He wanted t shw ff his riding skills fr the girls.
C. They wanted t knw whse hrse culd run fastest.
D. They teased him abut being afraid t g t fast n a hrse.
2. During the race, ___________.
A. the authr’s hrse utran the girl’s hrses the whle time
B. the authr was cnfident that Tawny was in cntrl
C. the girls were s anxius t win that they sweated a lt
D. the authr’s gd perfrmance tk Taylre by surprise
3. When the race ended, the authr’s heart punded because ________.
A. he was feeling thrilled and yung
B. it was really tugh exercise fr him
C. he was wrried that the girls might be in danger
D. he felt quite embarrassed that he had lst the race
4. The phrase ＂ kick up my heels＂ at the end can be replaced by _________.
A. devte myselfB. enjy myself
C. accept my challengeD. take part in running cmpetitin
Passage 4(2017届河南豫南九校高三下期质量考评)
A guide t Beijing museums during Spring Festival
The Capital Museum
The Beijing Capital Museum is presenting a special mnkey-themed exhibitin that decdes the cultural rts f the mnkey in traditinal Chinese culture. The exhibit shws mre than 40 antique cllectins, including paintings, calligraphy, stamps, and 12 classic Mnkey King pictures based n the great Chinese nvel, Jurney t the West. The museum als prepared a series f cultural activities fr children, such as making paper-cuts fr windw decratin and painting mnkeys.
The Natinal Museum f China
Pasting Spring Festival cuplets t drs is a traditinal custm in Chinese culture. An exhibitin Calligraphy Art f Cuplets fr the Year f the Mney is nging, with mre than 30 calligraphers’ cuplet pieces n display. A majr exhibitin, Treasures f Rmania, shwcasing Rmania’s histry frm the pre-histrical perid t the end f the 18th century, is still underway.
Natinal Art Museum f China
The 2016 New Year shw, Natinal Art Exhibitin f the Great Unity f China is a visual feast that will last until March 7. The wrks reflect the reality that peple f all natinalities in China unite as ne and jintly cnstruct a mderately prsperus sciety. The wrks als highlight their psitive mental attitude and present their picturesque and clrful natinal custms.
Zhukudian Relies Museum
A Spring Festival flk custm culture exhibitin will intrduce traditinal Spring Festival custms in detail. Visitrs can enjy nearly 100 precius exhibits frm the late Qing Dynasty (1644-1911)and Mingu Era(1912-1949), including New Year paintings and musical instruments. Children can als take part in the treasure hunt games rganized by the museum, watch 4D mvies and experience the primitive way f hunting fishing and chipping stne tls in the science experience pavilin.
1. In which clumn f the newspaper may this article appear?
A. Travel B. BusinessC. LifestyleD. Culture
2. Which f the fllwing statement is True accrding t the article?
A. The 40 antique cllectins in the Capital Museum are based n Jurney t the West.
B. All fur museums prvide exhibits f traditinal Spring Festival custms
C. Children can be invlved in sme activities abut the primitive life in Zhukudian Relics Museum
D. Visitrs can appreciate exhibits f Mingu Era in Natinal Art Museum f China
3. Which ne is the best chice amng the fur museums fr visitrs wh’d like t enjy histry f bth China and freign cuntries?
A. The Natinal Museum f China
B. Zhukudian Relics Museum
C. The Capital Museum
D. Natinal Art Museum f China
题组一
Passage1
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于儿童和青少年的阅读习惯的调查报告。报告表明，儿童和青少年趣味阅读时间明显减少；父母会对孩子的阅读习惯产生一些积极影响。
29.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的the prprtin (比例) wh say they ‘hardly ever’ read fr fun has gne frm 8 percent f 13-year-lds and 9 percent f 17-year-lds in 1984 t 22 percent and 27 percent respectively tday.可知，很少为乐趣而阅读的人的比例已经分别从1984年的13岁的8%和17岁的9%上升到现在的22%和27%。也就是说，为乐趣而读书的人越来越少了。故选B。
30.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句many parents still limit electrnic reading, mainly due t cncerns abut increased screen time可知，许多家长仍然限制电子阅读，主要是由于担心看一些电子屏幕的时间越来越多，也即是担心会伤害孩子们的健康。故选C。
31.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The mst hpeful data shared in the reprt shws clear evidence f parents serving as examples and imprtant guides fr their kids when it cmes t reading.可知，有明显的证据表明，父母为孩子们做榜样并为孩子们作重要指导能培养孩子的阅读习惯。也即是说，父母可以通过给孩子们作榜样来鼓励孩子们阅读的。故选A。学&科网
Passage 2
【文章大意】本文是一篇散文。我们有多久没有仔细观察我们周围的世界了。作者通过此文要告诉我们：放慢脚步，带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙。
51.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段Mst f us bserved much mre as children than we d as adults. A child’s day is filled with fascinatin, newness and wnder.可知，与成人相比较，孩子观察得更多，孩子的一天充满了魔力、新奇和惊奇。从而可以推断出孩子更急于探索他们周围的世界。故选D。
52.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段作者叙述在一个寒冷的夜晚，作者和学生徒步旅行穿过一条小溪的时候，学生们抱怨水太冷而不愿往前走，结果事实上那是一个温泉。作者举这样一个事例是为了向读者传递这样的观念：避免过早下结论。故选A。
54.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的I encuntered many hikers wh were headed t a distant camp-grund with just enugh time t get there befre dark. It seldm ccurred t them t wander a bit, t take a mment t see what’s arund them.可知，徒步旅行者只关心能够及时到达目的地，而很少关心周围的事物。故选B。
55.A 【解析】推理判断题。文章作者想要通过此文要告诉我们：大自然只展现给那些善于观察和等待的人，带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙吧。故选A。
Passage 3
【文章大意】文章讲述了汽车在美国经济和文化上的重要作用，也指出了汽车带来的环境问题。
28.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段Mdern America was brn n the rad, behind a wheel. The car shaped sme f the mst lasting aspects f American culture: the radside diner, the billbard, the mtel, even the hamburger.可知现代美国诞生于公路和汽车，汽车塑造了美国文化最持久的一些方面。Hamburger就是汽车塑造的美国文化的一个方面。用这个例子是在说明汽车对美国文化的影响，故选B。
29.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段The cars that drve the American Dream have helped t create a glbal eclgical disaster.可知美国汽车的迅速发展，导致生态灾难。故选B。
30.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的He fears the wrst, but hpes fr the best. 和最后一段中的Friedman pints ut that the green ecnmy（经济）is a chance t keep American strength.可见Friedman虽然对未来担心，但抱有最好的希望，他指出了发展绿色积极的想法。可见Friedman对未来是充满希望的，故选C。
题组二
Passage1
【文章大意】救助小动物并没有那么简单，因为你所做的救助行为到最后可能都成了无用功。但无论结果怎样，救助小动物的这种行为是美好的。本文主要介绍了作者救助一只小猫头鹰，给它做新的窝，帮助它回到父母身边的故事。
24. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的Trying t help injured, displaced r sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain.可知救助受伤的、流离失所的、生病的动物是令人心碎的，因为我们不知道救助的动物是否能活下去，也就是说我们为救助动物而花费的努力可能会白费，这是不可避免的。故选A。
26. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed dwn可知在作者把小猫头鹰放在窝里之后，它很快就安静下来，所以是窝让小猫头鹰安静下来的。故选A。
27. B 【解析】观点态度题。根据前文描述可知作者为小猫头鹰做了窝，并且帮助它找回了它的父母，小猫头鹰的父母还为它带回了午餐，作者的救助成功了，说明结局是美好的。再结合第一段的Hwever, when it wrks, it is simply beautiful.可推测，作者感觉很美好。故选B。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一家具有75年历史的剧院因为不利的地理位置和现代剧院的竞争而被转售的故事。
24.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据首段的最后两句可知，这次散场后的清理工作与之前不同的是工人不仅清理走了垃圾，而且还挪走了座椅和剧院的其他设备，因为剧院已经被转卖出去了。
25.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，剧院老板选择这部电影是因为这部电影本身讲述的就是小镇上唯一的电影院准备关门停业的故事，与Plaza Theater的现状一样。
26.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段末句中的＂which plans t build a shpping cmplex n the land where the theater is lcated.＂可以推断出这个剧院将被拆除，取而代之的是一个现代的购物中心。
27.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的＂mst f the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting t say gd-bye t the ld building＂可知，人们非常难过，不愿意看到老剧院被拆掉。
Passage3
【文章大意】本文属于夹叙夹议文，首先叙述了一个叫Svetlana Cjchru的摩尔多瓦人移民到意大利，但为了能够继续留在意大利，她必须进行语言测试；接着向我们阐述对外来人进行语言测试的原因以及对此的不同声音，然后介绍了意大利的移民史，最后告诉我们Cjchru的居住现状：工资水平很低，而且虽然在意大利生活多年，但意大利本地居民仍会把她当作外国人来看。
28. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的＂but in rder t stay she’s had t prve her language skills by taking a test…＂可知，Cjchru是为了能够继续留在意大利才要参加语言考试的，故选A。
29. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的＂such measures will becme mre a vehicle fr intlerance than integratin＂可知一些人担心对语言水平的要求可能会引起人与人之间的不包容，即冲突，故选B。
30. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的＂even thugh she’s stayed in the cuntry fr years and can speak the lcal language fluently＂可知Cjchru的意大利语已经说的得很流利了，故选C。
Passage4
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者一次旅行的特殊经历带给作者的深思和感悟。
41.B 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第二段第一句Unfrtunately, just as I tk ut my camera, a wman apprached frm behind, and planted herself right in frnt f my view可知选B。
44.D 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第五段的句子This pht, with the unique beauty that unflded befre me and that wman wh “ruined” it, nw hangs n a wall in my bedrm.可知选D。
45. A 【解析】考查推理判断。最后两段内容是作者对这次特殊经历的感悟，所以这篇文章可以看做是作者对一次特殊经历的深入思考。故选A。
题组三
Passage1
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了社会上很多老年人搬到离子女近的地方居住的一种趋势。同时也建议老人们要做出适合自己的选择。
25. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据首段末句可知，Mildred Garza搬到离孩子近的地方居住让他们的关系更密切，一家人认为这是一个成功的事情。故选A。
26.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段末句Tw-thirds believe mre families will fllw the example f Obama’s family可知，很多人会受Marian Rbinsn的影响，所以这会形成一种潮流。故选D 。
27.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段首句可知，在20世纪60年代人们都希望离开家，以此来证明自己的独立。故选 C。
28.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据末段推知，作者建议人们要明智，不要为了孩子而做出牺牲。故选A 。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文属于说明文，介绍了BkCrssing.cm所进行的分享图书活动的目的以及具体过程。
29.B 【解析】目的意图题。作者在第一段中提出读书也是一种社交活动，那些参加读书小组的人经常在一起阅读讨论所读内容，增强相互之间的理解。接着在最后一句提出BkCrssing.cm,说明作者提到读书小组的目的正是为了介绍网站BkCrssing.cm。故B正确。
31.C 【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段最后一句“... the idea is fr peple nt t be selfish by keeping a bk t gather dust n a shelf at hme”可知，让书蒙上尘土是一种很自私的行为，网站BkCrssing.cm的目的正是鼓励人们与别人分享图书，所以拿到书的人最可能继续把书传递下去。故C项正确。
32.D 【解析】 标题概括题。根据文章第三段可知BkCrssing.cm把改变人生的两种事物：遇到的人和读过的书联系在一起。D项内容能够涵盖文章的中心思想。
Passage3
【文章大意】为了了解老年司机所面临的问题，科研人员研制出DriveLAB，目的是能够帮助他们延长驾龄，从而保持积极、健康生活方式。
32.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章首段的内容可知，研制DriveLAB的目的是为了更好地了解老年司机所面临的挑战，从而发现关键的压力所在。
33. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中 Phil Blythe所说的＂ is imprtant fr preserving their independence, giving them the freedm t get ut and abut withut having t rely n thers＂可知，在Phil Blythe看来，能够开车是老年人能够保持独立生活和自由外出的重要条件。
34. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后三段的内容可知，研究人员希望能够通过研制一些司机辅助技术来帮助老年司机延长驾龄、享受更多的独立生活。
Passage4
【文章大意】本文是一篇广告，招聘一位电脑技术好，懂篮球并在晚上和周末有空的学生。
1.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段第一句中的during the Fall 2016, Winter 2016-17 and Spring 2017 semesters可知这项工作的工作时间为2016年秋天，2016至2017年的冬天和2017年春天。故C项“在2016年9月”符合题意。
2. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的Students must meet all f the fllwing requirements:Gd cmputer skills；Available evenings and weekends；Knwing basketball rules and statistics可知学生必须满足下面要求：好的电脑技术；晚上和周末有空；懂篮球规则和统计学知识。故C项符合题意。
3. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的Rckville Athletic Crdinatr, Jrge Zuniga,240-567-7589可知B 项符合题意。故选B。学&科网
题组四
Passage1
【文章大意】每年被扔掉的旧手机不计其数，但是你可以利用你的旧手机自制一台自行车行车记录仪，这样不仅锻炼了你的动手能力，而且又省钱又环保。
1.D 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第一段＂With the camera, yu can recrd yur rides, which is especially helpful if yu are invlved in a crash with anther vehicle.＂可推断出，安装自行车行车记录仪可以在事故中避免一些不必要的争论。
2.C【解析】考查代词指代。根据上下文可知，要想把旧手机当行车记录仪固定在自行车上，你必须拿两条耐用的重型尼龙搭扣和两个管夹，一个平角撑把旧手机绑好。故此处it指代the smartphne。
3.A【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段中的＂By using heavy-duty Velcr, yu shuldn’t have t wrry abut the camera cming lse.＂可知，重型尼龙搭扣能很好地固定住手机。
4.B【解析】考查推理判断。根据文章最后一段中的＂but yu will be giving yurself a way t prtect yurself in a friendly, ec-friendly manner that is much less expensive than purchasing a dash cam＂可推断出，自制行车记录仪在某种程度上对环境有益处。
Passage2
【文章大意】在孩子的成长过程中，父母的教育与期望值要有一个“度”，不能揠苗助长；同时，父母也要以身作则，为孩子树立一个榜样。
1.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段开头的“In bringing up children，every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisitin f each new skill”可知，既然是每位父母都会这样做，那么这种做法在父母中就是普遍的，故选B。
3.C 【解析】主旨大意题。文章第二段的大意是“父母对孩子的严格程度有很大的不同”。故选C。
4.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段第四句“If they are nt sincere and d nt practice…”及文章最后一段可以得出结论，关于道德教育问题，父母应该以身作则，做孩子的好榜样，故选A。
Passage3
【文章大意】文章描述作者和两个女孩骑马比赛，这让作者感到兴奋，也感到虽然自己上了年纪，但是有一颗年轻的心。
1. A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段的句子＂We were tw miles frm hme when, fr sme unexplainable reasn,I pushed Tawny int a gallp(飞驰). The ther hrses were anxius t catch up, and just like that, the race was n.＂可知，作者的马飞驰起来使得其它马想要赶上。故选A。
2. D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的句子＂Taylre’s face glwed. She gave me a high five. ‘Ww, yu did well,’ she said.’I knew yu’d g fast when yu were ready.’＂可知，作者的出色的表现让Taylre很惊讶。故选D。
3. A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的句子＂I was still nervus frm the crazy pace. My heart punded t, but nt frm exercise. …Because despite my wrinkles (皱纹), glasses and gray hair, I was feeling yung at heart.＂可知，比赛结束的时候，作者的心狂跳因为他感觉兴奋而且年轻。故选A。
4. B【解析】词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段的句子＂like a hrse n a warm summer day,＂可知，作者感觉自己像温暖夏日的马，总是准备好享受一番。故选B。
Passage4
【文章大意】春节期间北京博物馆指南。本文共介绍了北京的四个博物馆，介绍了传统的文化，中外历史等内容。
1.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据本文题目A guide t Beijing museums during Spring Festival春节期间北京博物馆指南。本文共介绍了北京的四个博物馆，介绍了传统的文化，中外历史等，可知文章应该出现在报纸的文化专栏，故选D。
3.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据The Natinal Museum f China中的Pasting Spring Festival cuplets t drs is a traditinal custm in Chinese culture. An exhibitin Calligraphy Art f Cuplets fr the Year f the Mney is nging, with mre than 30 calligraphers’ cuplet pieces n display. A majr exhibitin, Treasures f Rmania, shwcasing Rmania’s histry frm the pre-histrical perid t the end f the 18th century, is still underway.可知，欣赏中外历史的最佳博物馆应该是The Natinal Museum f China，故选A。