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最新高考英语考点一遍过（讲义） 考点44 阅读理解记叙文
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这是一份最新高考英语考点一遍过（讲义） 考点44 阅读理解记叙文，共36页。学案主要包含了命题方式，主旨阅读理解题考查的内容，记叙文答题技巧等内容，欢迎下载使用。
要求学生重视并充分利用每单元学案、课本上的重点词汇、短语和句型，以及每单元的综合训练，认真对其辨析、总结和归纳，查漏补缺，坚持积累，最重要的是能够在合适的语境中正确、灵活地运用。保证课堂高效。
2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏
一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。
3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识
学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。大量的、甚至可能是枯燥的训练是做题速度和准确度的保证。希望老师要保证所有同学从每套题中都获得最大收获。
4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩
得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。一轮复习中，重视基础知识的同时，要坚持阅读训练，促进英语成绩的整体提高。
5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节
一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。同时，重视复习效果，做到做一件事，有一点收获。英语成绩的进步并非一蹴而就，需要每天坚持把每件事情做扎实。只要做到这一点，成功只是早晚的事！
考点44 阅读理解记叙文
高考频度：★★★★★
记叙文类文章描述的是一件具体事情的发生、发展和结局，通常有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲，文章的难度通常不大，在阅读过程中，我们一直在某个线索的引导下，随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事情的始末，因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。阅读此类文章应特别注意：（1）若是一般故事性文章，应读懂故事的发生、发展、高潮和结局；（2）若是＂哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义；（3）若是 ＂逸闻趣事＂，应体会对话的风趣性，进而才能感受幽默的精髓。
二、命题方式
考向一 细节事实理解
一篇文章必然是由许多具体的细节、具体的内容构成的，所有这些信息以某种顺序（时间、空间、情感变化等）排列起来，来进一步解释或阐释主题，体现文章的主旨大意。
细节理解题目主要考查学生对文章具体事实和细节的理解能力，属于表层理解题范畴，难度较小，但在整个阅读理解题中所占比例最大，细节理解题多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目。
此类题通常根据文章具体内容来设问，也常使用下列方式来提问：
1.Which f the fllwing statements is(nt) true/crrect?
2.Which f the fllwing is nt mentined?
3.All f the fllwing are true except...
4.Accrding t the passage, when/where/why/hw/hw/what/which,etc...？
1.直接事实题
在解答这类问题时要求学生抓住题干文字信息，采用针对性方法进行阅读，因为这类题的答案在文章中可以直接找到。
A giant dam was built many years ag t cntrl the Clrad River in the U.S. This dam was built t prtect the land and huses arund the river.
This huge dam is in the Black Canyn. It is pssible t drive a car frm ne side f the river t the ther n a rad, which is n the tp f the dam. This dam is s big that there is an elevatr inside. The elevatr ges dwn frty-fur stries frm the rad t the bttm. There is enugh cncrete in this dam t build a highway frm New Yrk t San Francisc. Thusands f peple wrked n this dam fr five years.
This huge dam was called Bulder Dam when it was finished in 1936.Later it was renamed Hver Dam in hnr f a president f the United States. Hver Dam, ne f the highest dams in the wrld, is situated between the states f Arizna and Nevada.
Q：Hver Dam lies______ .
A. between Arizna and Nevada
B. in the Black Canyn
C. between New Yrk and San Francisc
D. bth A and B
2.间接事实题
解答此类题，需要结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断或者要进行简单的计算。
Invited by Mr.Ye Huixian, hst f the well-received TV prgramme ＂Stars Tnight＂，Miss Lu Lin, Miss Asia f 1991, appeared as the guest hstess n the Shanghai TV screen last Sunday.
Brn in Shanghai and taken t Hngkng when she was nly six years ld, Lu Lin has never dreamed f being Miss Asia. Her childhd dream was t be an air hstess. Befre she tk part in the cmpetitin, she had been an airhstess in Cathay Airline fr seven years. Hwever, it still tk her three mnths t learn the art f walking n the stage, dancing, singing, making-up and ther prper manners, designed by the Asia TV Statin.
＂It’s really a hard jb fr me. I wn’t enter fr such cmpetitin any mre. Anyhw, I am quite lucky. I am als glad t have had mre chance t wrk fr the scial welfare since I wn the title. This time, in Shanghai, I’d lve t make a deep impressin n my TV audience，＂said Lu Lin with a sweet smile.
Q：Which f the fllwing is NOT true?
A. Lu Lin is a native f Shanghai.
B. Lu Lin mved t Hngkng with her parents.
C. Lu Lin wn the title f Miss Asia in 1991.
D. Asia TV Statin helped Lu Lin t becme Miss Asia.
【答案】
3. 数据推算。
If yu register bth the VIEW qualificatin curse and the Frum at the same time, yu will save_______ .
A. $100 B.$300 C.$350 D.$400
这类题目要求学生就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文中其他信息的关系做简单计算和推断。在做此类题时：
1.要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义。
2.弄清众多信息中那些属于有用信息，那些属于干扰信息。
3.不要孤立看待数字信息，而要抓住一些关键用语的意义。
考向二 主题理解或写作意图推断
一、主旨阅读理解题考查的内容
1.短文的标题（title,headline）；
2.短文或段落的主题（subject）；
3.中心思想(main idea)；
4.作者的写作目的(purpse)。
二、此类题的设问方式
1.What wuld be the best title fr the text?
2.What des the secnd paragraph mainly discuss?
3.What is the passage mainly abut?
4.The main purpse f annuncing the abve events is__________.
考向三 推理推断
推理题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，属于深层理解题。
此类题的设问常常包括infer, imply, suggest, cnclude 等词，这类题的设问方式主要有：
1.We can infer frm the Passage that__________.
2.What can be inferred frm the Passage?
3.Which f the fllwing can be inferred frm the Passage?
4.It can be inferred frm Paragraph 3 that__________.
5.The authr suggests in this paragraph that__________.
6.The writer implies that__________.
7.It can be inferred that__________.
8.It can be cncluded frm the Passage that__________.
9.On the whle, we can cnclude that__________.
10.Frm the text we can cnclude that__________.
11.After reading the Passage we may cnclude that__________.
12.What cnclusin can be drawn frm the Passage?
13.The authr is inclined t think that__________.
14.When the writer talks abut, what he really means is that__________.
15.What’s the writer’s attitude/feeling
16.In the writer’s pinin,...
考向四 词义、句义猜测。
词义猜测阅读理解题考查对文中关键词语的理解。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据语境来判断。
此类题的设问方式主要有
1.The wrd ＂...＂in be replaced by...
2.As used in the passage, the phrase ＂...＂suggests...
3.Frm the passage, we can infer that the wrd/phrase ＂...＂ is/referred t...
4.The wrd ＂...＂ is clsest in meaning t...
猜词是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中常用的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会＂顺藤摸瓜＂，通过构词、语法、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、上下文等线索确定词义。
1.定义法。如：
Annealing is a way f making metal sfter by heating it and then letting it cl very slwly.
句子给予annealing 以明确的定义，即 ＂退火＂。
It will be very hard but als very brittle—that is,it will break easily.
从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle是＂脆＂的意思。
The herdsman, wh lks after sheep, earns abut 650 yuan a year.
定语从句中 lks after sheep 就表明了 herdsman 的词义为＂牧人＂。
2.同位法。如：
They traveled a lng way and at last gt t a castle,a large building in ld times.
同位语部分a large building in ld times 给出了 castle 的确切词义，即＂城堡＂。
We are n the night shift—frm midnight t 8 A. m.—this week.
两个破折号之间的短语很清楚地表明night shift 是＂夜班＂的意思。
3.对比法。如：
She is usually prmpt fr all her class,but tday she arrived in the middle f her first class.
but一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是＂她今天第一节上了一半才来＂，因此反向推理，可得出她平时一向＂准时＂的结论。
4.构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)。如：
Perhaps, we can see sme pssibilities fr next fifty years.But the next hundred?
pssibility 是 pssible的同根名词，据此可以判断定pssibility 意思是＂可能性＂。
5.因果法。如：
The lack f mvement caused the muscles t weaken. Smetimes the weakness was permanent. S the player culd never play the sprt again.
从后面的结果＂永远不能再运动＂中，可以推测 permanent 的意思为＂永远的，永久＂。
【解题技巧】
高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就有可能大大提高。
要熟练掌握记叙文的阅读技巧，了解记叙文的写作特点与命题特点也是有必要的。
一、记叙文写作特点
记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。
就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序来展开。不管是哪种叙述方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟，这是记叙文的精华所在，也是阅读的难点所在，可谓＂一篇之妙，在于落句＂。
二、记叙文命题特点
从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。
三、记叙文答题技巧
一把钥匙开一把锁。要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。
N.1 顺藤摸瓜
记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, wh, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。
N.2 左顾右盼
在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。
N.3 刨根问底
如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如＂What can be inferred frm …?＂或是What des the authr imply in…?＂之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。
N.4 拨云见日
每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。
这时，你不仅需要＂左顾右盼＂，还需要在几句话，一个段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行间中快速搜寻，看看前面、后面都发生了些什么；反复琢磨人物、事物，或者人物与事物之间的内在联系，才可能在最后拨开团团迷雾，从四个选项中选出正确答案。
题组一（2018年高考真题）
Passage1(2018·全国新课标卷III，C)
While famus freign architects are invited t lead the designs f landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV twer and the Natinal Center fr the Perfrming Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great effrts t take the center stage.
Their effrts have been prven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49-year-ld Chinese architect, wn the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize — which is ften referred t as the Nbel Prize in architecture — n February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen t win this award.
Wang serves as head f the Architecture Department at the China Academy f Art (CAA). His ffice is lcated at the Xiangshan campus(校园) f the university in Hangzhu, Zhejiang Prvince. Many buildings n the campus are his riginal creatins.
The style f the campus is quite different frm that f mst Chinese universities. Many visitrs were amazed by the cmplex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves(曲线) f the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall f hills, frming a unique view.
Wang cllected mre than 7 millin abandned bricks f different ages. He asked the wrkers t use traditinal techniques t make the bricks int walls, rfs and crridrs. This creatin attracted a lt f attentin thanks t its mixture f mdern and traditinal Chinese elements(元素).
Wang’s wrks shw a deep understanding f mdern architecture and a gd knwledge f traditins. Thrugh such a balance, he had created a new type f Chinese architecture, said Tada And, the winner f the 1995 Pritzker Prize.
Wang believes traditins shuld nt be sealed in glass bxes at museums. "That is nly evidence that traditins nce existed," he said.
"Many Chinese peple have a misunderstanding f traditins. They think traditin means ld things frm the past. In fact, traditin als refers t the things that have been develping and that are still being created, " he said.
"Tday, many Chinese peple are learning Western styles and theries rather than fcusing n Chinese traditins. Many peple tend t talk abut traditins withut knwing what they really are, " said Wang.
The study f traditins shuld be cmbined with practice. Otherwise, the recreatin f traditins wuld be artificial and empty, he said.
28. Wang’s winning f the prize means that Chinese architects are ___________.
A. fllwing the latest wrld trend
B. getting internatinal recgnitin
C. wrking harder than ever befre
D. relying n freign architects
29. What impressed visitrs t the CAA Xiangshan campus mst?
A. Its hilly envirnment. B. Its large size.
C. Its unique style.D. Its diverse functins.
30. What made Wang’s architectural design a success?
A. The mixture f different shapes.
B. The balance f East and West.
C. The use f ppular techniques.
D. The harmny f ld and new.
31. What shuld we d abut Chinese traditins accrding t Wang?
A. Spread them t the wrld.B. Preserve them at museums.
C. Teach them in universities.D. Recreate them in practice.
Passage2(2018·北京卷，A)
My First Marathn（马拉松）
A mnth befre my first marathn, ne f my ankles was injured and this meant nt running fr tw weeks, leaving me nly tw weeks t train. Yet, I was determined t g ahead.
I remember back t my 7th year in schl. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us t run laps and then hit a sftball. I didn’t d either well. He later infrmed me that I was ＂nt athletic＂.
The idea that I was ＂nt athletic＂ stuck with me fr years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, nt abut cmpetitin r whether r nt I was athletic. It was all abut the battle against my wn bdy and mind. A test f wills!
The night befre my marathn, I dreamt that I culdn’t even find the finish line. I wke up sweating and nervus, but ready t prve smething t myself.
Shrtly after crssing the start line, my she laces(鞋带) became untied. S I stpped t readjust. Nt the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂
By mile 17, I became ut f breath and the nce injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the curse walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I apprached mile 23, I culd see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clck sunding at 4 a.m. r questined my expenses n running.
I was ne f the final runners t finish. But I finished! And I gt a medal. In fact, I gt the same medal as the ne that the guy wh came in first place had.
Determined t be myself, mve frward, free f shame and wrldly labels(世俗标签), I can nw call myself a ＂marathn winner＂.
36. A mnth befre the marathn, the authr ____________.
A. was well trainedB. felt scared
C. made up his mind t runD. lst hpe
37. Why did the authr mentin the P.E. class in his 7th year?
A. T acknwledge the supprt f his teacher.
B. T amuse the readers with a funny stry.
C. T shw he was nt talented in sprts.
D. T share a precius memry.
38. Hw was the authr’s first marathn?
A. He made it.B. He quit halfway.
C. He gt the first prize.D. He walked t the end.
39. What des the stry mainly tell us?
A. A man wes his success t his family supprt.
B. A winner is ne with a great effrt f will.
C. Failure is the mther f success.
D. One is never t ld t learn.
Passage3(2018·天津卷，B)
When I was 17, I read a magazine article abut a museum called the McNay, nce the hme f a waterclrist named Marian McNay. She had requested the cmmunity t turn it int a museum upn her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drve ver t the museum. She asked, "D yu have the address? ""N, but I’ll recgnize it, there was a picture in the magazine. "
"Oh, stp. There it is!”
The museum was free. We entered, excited. A grup f peple sitting in the hall stpped talking and stared at us.
"May I help yu?" a man asked. "N, "I said. "We’re fine.” Tur guides gt n my nerves. What if they talked a lng time abut a painting yu weren’t that interested in? Sally had gne upstairs. The peple in the hall seemed very nsy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes n me with curisity. What was their prblem? I saw sme nice sculptures in ne rm. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. "Where d yu think yu are? " he asked. I turned sharply. "The McNay Art Museum!" He smiled, shaking his head. "Srry, the McNay is n New Braunfels Street." "What’s this place?” I asked, still cnfused. "Well, it’s ur hme." My heart jlted(震颤). I raced t the staircase and called ut, "Sally! Cme dwn immediately! "
"There’s sme really gd stuff(艺术作品) up there." She stepped dwn, lking cnfused. I pushed her tward the frnt dr, waving at the family, saying, "Srry, please frgive us, yu have a really nice place." Outside, when I tld Sally what happened, she cvered her muth, laughing. She culdn’t believe hw lng they let us lk arund withut saying anything.
The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervus the whle time we were there. Van Ggh, Picass. This time, we stayed tgether, in case anything else unusual happened.
Thirty years later, a wman apprached me in a public place. "Excuse me, did yu ever enter a residence, lng ag, thinking it was the McNay Museum? "
"Yes. But hw d yu knw? We never tld anyne. "
"That was my hme. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Befre yu came ver, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky befre. Yu thught it was a museum. My feelings abut my hme changed after that. I’ve always wanted t thank yu."
41. What d we knw abut Marian McNay?
A. She was a painter.
B. She was a cmmunity leader.
C. She was a museum directr.
D. She was a jurnalist.
42. Why did the authr refuse the help frm the man in the huse?
A. She disliked peple wh were nsy.
B. She felt nervus when talking t strangers.
C. She knew mre abut art than the man.
D. She mistk him fr a tur guide.
43. Hw did the authr feel abut being stared at by the peple in the hall?
A. Puzzled.B. Cncerned.C. Frightened.D. Delighted.
44. Why did the authr describe the real McNay museum in just a few wrds?
A. The real museum lacked enugh artwrk t interest her.
B. She was t upset t spend much time at the real museum.
C. The McNay was disappinting cmpared with the huse.
D. The event happening in the huse was mre significant.
45. What culd we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. Peple shuld have gd taste t enjy life.
B. Peple shuld spend mre time with their family.
C. Peple tend t be blind t the beauty arund them.
D. Peple tend t educate teenagers at a museum.
Passage4(2018·浙江卷，A)
In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was brn, there were 66 nvels published in Britain. Peple had been writing nvels fr a century—mst experts date the first nvel t Rbinsn Cruse in 1719—but nbdy wanted t d it prfessinally. The steam-pwered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字） rate in England was under 50%. Many wrks f fictin appeared withut the names f the authrs, ften with smething like “By a lady.”Nvels, fr the mst part, were lked upn as silly, immral r just plain bad.
In 1870, when Dickens died, the wrld murned him as its first prfessinal writer and publisher, famus and belved, wh had led an explsin in bth the publicatin f nvels and their readership and whse characters — frm Oliver Twist t Tiny Tim— were held up as mral tuchstnes. Tday Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged. Remving him frm the panthen（名人堂） f English literature wuld make abut as much sense as the Luvre selling ff the Mna Lisa.
Hw did Dickens get t the tp? Fr all the feelings readers attach t stries, literature is a numbers game, and the test f time is extremely difficult t pass. Sme 60,000 nvels were published during the Victrian age, frm 1837 t1901; tday a casual reader might be able t name a half-dzen f them. It’s partly true that Dickens’ style f writing attracted audiences frm all walks f life. It’s partly that his writings rde a wave f scial, plitical and scientific prgress. But it’s als that he rewrte the culture f literature and put himself at the center. N ne will ever knw what mix f talent, ambitin, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the 200th anniversary f his birth appraches, it is pssible — and imprtant fr ur wn culture—t understand hw he made himself a lasting ne.
21. Which f the fllwing best describes British nvels in the 18th century?
A. They were difficult t understand.
B. They were ppular amng the rich.
C. They were seen as nearly wrthless.
D. They were written mstly by wmen.
22. Dickens is cmpared with the Mna Lisa in the text t stress________.
A. his reputatin in France
B. his interest in mdern art
C. his success in publicatin
D. his imprtance in literature
23. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T remember a great writer.
B. T intrduce an English nvel.
C. T encurage studies n culture.
D. T prmte values f the Victrian age.
题组二（2017年高考真题）
Passage1(2017·全国新课标卷I，C)
I wrk with Vlunteers fr Wildlife, a rescue and educatin rganizatin at Bailey Arbretum in Lcust Valley. Trying t help injured, displaced r sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. Hwever, when it wrks, it is simply beautiful.
I gt a rescue call frm a wman in Muttntwn. She had fund a yung wl(猫头鹰) n the grund. When I arrived, I saw a 2-t 3-week-ld wl. It had already been placed in a carrier fr safety.
I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I culd lcate the nest, I might have been able t put it back, but n luck. My next wrk was t cnstruct a nest and anchr it in a tree.
The hmewner was very helpful. A wire basket was fund. I put sme pine branches int the basket t make this nest safe and cmfrtable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed dwn.
Nw all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the hmewner a recrding f the hunger screams f wl chicks. These advertise the presence f chicks t adults; they might als encurage ur chick t start calling as well. I gave the wner as much infrmatin as pssible and headed hme t see what news the night might bring.
A nervus night t be sure, but smetimes the spirits f nature smile n us all! The hmewner called t say that the parents had respnded t the recrdings. I drve ver and saw the chick in the nest lking healthy and active. And it was accmpanied in the nest by the greatest sight f all — LUNCH! The parents had dne their duty and wuld prbably cntinue t d s.
24. What is unavidable in the authr’s rescue wrk accrding t paragraph 1?
A. Effrts made in vain.
B. Getting injured in his wrk.
C. Feeling uncertain abut his future.
D. Creatures frced ut f their hmes.
25. Why was the authr called t Muttntwn?
A. T rescue a wman.
B. T take care f a wman.
C. T lk at a baby wl.
D. T cure a yung wl.
26.What made the chick calm dwn?
A. A new nest.B. Sme fd.
C. A recrding.D. Its parents.
27.Hw wuld the authr feel abut the utcme f the event?
A. It’s unexpected.B. It’s beautiful.
C. It’s humrus.D. It’s discuraging.
Passage2(2017·全国新课标卷II，B)
I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when Gerge Ry Hill, the directr f Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, intrduced us in New Yrk City. When the studi didn’t want me fr the film — it wanted smebdy as well knwn as Paul — he std up fr me. I dn’t knw hw many peple wuld have dne that; they wuld have listened t their agents r the studi pwers.
The friendship that grew ut f the experience f making that film and The Sting fur years later had its rt in the fact that althugh there was an age difference, we bth came frm a traditin f theater and live TV. We were respectful f craft（技艺）and fcused n digging int the characters we were ging t play. Bth f us had the qualities and virtues that are typical f American actrs: humrus, aggressive, and making fun f each ther— but always with an underlying affectin. Thse were als at the cre（核心）f ur relatinship ff the screen.
We shared the brief that if yu’re frtunate enugh t have success, yu shuld put smething back— he with his Newman’s Own fd and his Hle in the Wall camps fr kids wh are seriusly ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each ther all that regularly, but sharing that brught us tgether. We supprted each ther financially and by shwing up at events.
I last saw him a few mnths ag. He’d been in and ut f the hspital. He and I bth knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk abut it. Ours was a relatinship that didn’t need a lt f wrds.
24.Why was the studi unwilling t give the rle t authr at first?
A. Paul Newman wanted it.
B. The studi pwers didn’t like his agent.
C. He wasn’t famus enugh.
D. The directr recmmended smene else.
25.Why did Paul and the authr have a lasting friendship?
A. They were f the same age.
B. They wrked in the same theater.
C. They were bth gd actrs.
D. They have similar characteristics.
26.What des the underlined wrd ＂that＂ in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Their belief.
B. Their care fr children.
C. Their success.
D. Their supprt fr each ther.
27.What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T shw his lve f films.
B. T remember a friend.
C. T intrduce a new mvie.
D. T share his acting experience.
Passage3(2017·全国新课标卷III，B)
Minutes after the last mvie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, emplyees were busy sweeping up ppcrns and gathering cke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater’s 75-year histry. This time, hwever, the cleanup was a little different. As ne grup f wrkers carried ut the rubbish, anther grup began remving seats and ther theater equipment in preparatin fr the building’s end.
The film classic The Last Picture Shw was the last mvie shwn in the ld theater. Thugh the mvie is 30 years ld, mst f the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting t say gd-bye t the ld building. Theater wner Ed Bradfrd said he chse the mvie because it seemed apprpriate. The mvie is set in a small twn where the nly mvie theater is preparing t clse dwn.
Bradfrd said that large mdern theaters in the city made it impssible fr the Plaza t cmpete. He added that the theater’s lcatin(位置) was als a reasn. ＂This used t be the center f twn,＂ he said. ＂Nw the area is mstly ffice buildings and warehuses.＂
Last week sme city fficials suggested the city might be interested in turning the ld theater int a museum and public meeting place. Hwever, these plans were abandned because f financial prblems. Bradfrd sld the building and land t a lcal develpment firm, which plans t build a shpping cmplex n the land where the theater is lcated.
The theater audience said gd-bye as Bradfrd lcked the drs fr the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theater had shwn its last mvie. The theater will be missed.
24. In what way was yesterday’s cleanup at the Plaza special?
A. It made rm fr new equipment.
B. It signaled the clsedwn f the theater.
C. It was dne with the help f the audience.
D. It marked the 75th anniversary f the theater.
25. Why was The Last Picture Shw put n?
A. It was an all-time classic.
B. It was abut the histry f the twn.
C. The audience requested it.
D. The theater wner fund it suitable.
26. What will prbably happen t the building?
A. It will be repaired.
B. It will be turned int a museum.
C. It will be kncked dwn.
D. It will be sld t the city gvernment.
27. What can we infer abut the audience?
A. They are disappinted with Bradfrd.
B. They are sad t part with the ld theater.
C. They are supprtive f the city fficials.
D. They are eager t have a shpping center.
Passage4(2017·北京卷，B)
It was a cld March day in High Pint, Nrth Carlina. The girls n the Wesleyan Academy sftball were waiting fr their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet t stay warm. Eighth-grader Taylr Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The tw didn’t knw each ther well — Taylr had just mved t twn a mnth r s befre.
Suddenly, Paris fell t the grund,＂Paris’s eyes rlled back,＂ Taylr says. ＂She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.＂
It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Withut immediate medical care, Paris wuld die. At first, n ne mved. The girls were in shck. Then the sftball cach shuted ut, ＂Des anyne knw CPR?＂
CPR is a life-saving technique. T d CPR, yu press n the sick persn’s chest s that bld mves thrugh the bdy and takes xygen t rgans. Withut xygen the brain is damaging quickly.
Amazingly, Taylr had just taken a CPR curse the day befre. Still, she hesitated. She didn’t think she knew it well enugh. But when n ne else came frward, Taylr ran t Paris and began ding CPR. ＂It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,＂ says Taylr.
Taylr’s swift actin helped her teammates calm dwn. One girl called 911. Tw mre ran t get the schl nurse, wh brught a defibrillatr, an electrnic devices(器械) that can shck the heart back int wrk. Luck stayed with them: Paris’ heartbeat returned.
＂I knw I was really lucky,＂ Paris says nw. ＂Mst peple dn’t survive this. My team saved my life.＂
Experts say Paris is right: Fr a sudden heart failure, the single best chance fr survival is having smene nearby step in and d CPR quickly.
Tday, Paris is back n the sftball team. Taylr will apply t cllege sn. She wants t be a nurse. ＂I feel mre cnfident in my actins nw,＂ Taylr says. ＂I knw I can act under pressure in a scary situatin.＂
56.What happened t Paris n a March day?
A. She caught a bad cld.
B. She had a sudden heart prblem.
C. She was kncked dwn by a ball.
D. She shivered terribly during practice.
57.Why des Paris say she was lucky?
A. She made a wrthy friend.
B. She recvered frm shck.
C. She received immediate CPR.
D. She came back n the sftball team.
58.Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Taylr?
A. Enthusiastic and kind.
B. Curageus and calm.
C. Cperative and generus.
D. Ambitius and prfessinal.
题组三（2016年高考真题）
Passage1(2016·全国新课标卷 I，C)
I am peter Hdes , a vlunteer stem curier. Since March 2012, I’ve dne 89 trips f thse , 51 have been abrad, I have 42 hurs t carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little bx because I’ve gt tw ice packs and that’s hw lng they last, in all, frm the time the stem cells are harvested frm a dnr(捐献者) t the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve gt 72 hurs at mst, S I am always cnscius f time.
I had ne trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Prvidence, Rhde Island, and was meant t fly t Washingtn then back t Lndn. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Prvidence, the lady n the desk said: ＂Well, I’m really srry, I’ve gt sme bad news fr yu-there are n fights frm Washingtn.＂ S I tk my bx and put it n the desk and I said: ＂In this bx are sme stem cells that are urgently needed fr a patient-please, please, yu’ve gt t get me back t the United Kingdm.＂ She just drpped everything. She arranged fr a flight n a small plane t be held fr mere-ruted(改道)me thrugh Newark and gt me back t the UK even earlier than riginally scheduled.
Fr this curier jb, yu’re cnsciusly aware than that bx yu’re gt smething that is ptentially ging t save smebdy’s life.
29.Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd ＂curier＂ in Paragraph1？
A prvider B delivery man
C cllectr D medical dctr
30.Why des Peter have t cmplete his trip within 42hurs?
A. He cannt stay away frm his jb t lng.
B. The dnr can nly wait fr that lng.
C. The peratin needs that very much.
D. The ice wn’t last any lnger.
31.Which flight did the wman put Peter n first?
A. T Lndn B. T Newark
C. T Prvidence D. T Washingtn
Passage2(2016·新课标全国卷II，B)
Five years ag, when I taught art at a schl in Seattle, I used Tinkertys as a test at the beginning f a term t find ut smething abut my students. I put a small set f Tinkertys in frnt f each student, and said:＂Make smething ut f the Tinkertys. Yu have 45 minutes tday - and 45minutes each day fr the rest f the week.＂
A few students hesitated t start. They waited t see the rest f the class wuld d. Several thers checked the instructins and made smething accrding t ne f the mdel plans prvided. Anther grup built smething ut f their wn imaginatins.
Once I had a by wh wrked experimentally with Tinkertys in his free time. His cnstructins filled a shelf in the art classrm and a gd part f his bedrm at hme. I was delighted at the presence f such a student. Here was an exceptinally creative mind at wrk. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whse creativity wuld infect(感染) ther students.
Encuraging this kind f thinking has a dwnside. I ran the risk f lsing thse students wh had a different style f thinking. Withut fail ne wuld declare, ＂But I’m just nt creative.＂
＂D yu dream at night when yu’re asleep?＂
＂Oh, sure.＂
＂S tell me ne f yur mst interesting dreams.＂ The student wuld tell smething wildly imaginative. Flying in the sky r in a time machine r grwing three heads. ＂That’s pretty creative. Wh des that fr yu?＂
＂Nbdy. I d it.＂
＂Really-at night, when yu’re asleep?＂
＂Sure.＂
＂Try ding it in the daytime, in class, kay?＂
25. The teacher used Tinkertys in class in rder t ________?
A. knw mre abut the students.
B. make the lessns mre exciting.
C. raise the students’ interest in art.
D. teach the students abut ty design.
26. What d we knw abut the by mentined in Paragraph 3?
A. He liked t help his teacher.
B. He preferred t study alne.
C. He was active in class.
D. He was imaginative.
27. What des the underlined wrd ＂dwnside＂ in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Mistake. B. Drawback.
C. Difficulty. D. Burden.
28. Why did the teacher ask the students t talk abut their dreams?
A. T help them t see their creativity.
B. T find ut abut their sleeping habits.
C. T help them t imprve their memry.
D. T find ut abut their ways f thinking.
Passage3(2016·北京卷，B)
Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)
Natalie Dan,14, has always felt lucky t live in Rckaway, New Yrk. Living just a few blcks frm the beach, Natalie can see the cean and hear the wave frm her huse. ＂It’s the cean that makes Rckaway s special,＂ she says.
On Octber 29, 2012, that cean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Cast, and Rckaway was hit especially hard. Frtunately, Natalie’s family escaped t Brklyn shrtly befre the city’s bridge clsed.
When they returned t Rckaway the next day, they fund their neighbrhd in ruins. Many f Natalie’s friends had lst their hmes and were living far away. All arund her, peple were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie’s schl was s damaged that she had t temprarily attend a schl in Brklyn.
In the fllwing few days, the men and wmen helping Rckaway recver inspired Natalie. Vlunteers came with carlads f dnated clthing and tys. Neighbrs devted their spare time t helping thers rebuild. Teenagers climbed dzens f flights f stairs t deliver water and fd t elderly peple trapped in pwerless high-rise buildings.
＂My mm tells me that I can’t cntrl what happens t me,＂ Natalie says. ＂but I can always chse hw I deal with it.＂
Natalie’s chice was t help.
She created a website page matching survivrs in need with dnrs wh wanted t help. Natalie psted intrductin abut a by named Patrick, wh lst his baseball card cllecting when his huse burned dwn. Within days, Patrick’s cllectin was replaced.
In the cming mnths, her website page helped lts f kids: Christpher, wh received a new basketball; Charlie, wh gt a new keybard. Natalie als wrked with ther rganizatins t bring much-need supplies t Rckaway. Her effrts made her a famus persn. Last April, she was invited t the White Huse and hnred as a Hurricane Sandy Champin f Change.
Tday, the scars(创痕)f destructin are still seen in Rckaway, but hpe is in the air. The streets are clear, and many hmes have been rebuilt. ＂I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rckaway,＂ Natalie declares. ＂My neighbrhd will be back, even strnger than befre.＂
59.When Natalie returned t Rckaway after the hurricane ,she fund______.
A. sme friends had lst their lives
B. her neighbrhd was destryed
C. her schl had mved t Brklyn
D. the elderly were free frm suffering
60.Accrding t paragraph4, wh inspired Natalie mst?
A. The peple helping Rckaway rebuild
B. The peple trapped in high-rise building
C. The vlunteers dnating mney t survivrs
D. Lcal teenagers bringing clthing t elderly peple
61.Hw did Natalie help the survivrs?
A. She gave her tys t the kids
B. She tk care f yunger children
C. She called n the White Huse t help
D. She built an infrmatin sharing platfrm
62.What des the stry intend t tell us?
A. Little peple can make a big difference
B.A friend in need is a friend indeed
C. East r West, hme is best
D. Technlgy is pwer
Passage 4(2016·天津卷，B)
Every man wants his sn t be smewhat f a clne, nt in features but in ftsteps. As he grws yu als age, and yur ambitins becme mre unachievable. Yu begin t realize that yur by, in yur ftsteps, culd prbably accmplish what yu hped fr. But ftsteps can be muddied and they can g ff in different directins.
My sn Jdy has hated schl since day ne in kindergarten. Science prjects waited until the last mment. Bk reprts weren’t written until the final threat.
I’ve been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate wrking tward her master’s degree in English. But Jdy? When he entered the tenth grade he became a ＂v-tech＂ student(技校学生). They’re called ＂mtrheads＂ by the rest f the student bdy.
When a secretary in my ffice first called him ＂mtrhead＂, I was shcked. ＂Hey, he’s a gd kid,＂ I wanted t say. ＂And smart, really.＂
I learned later that mtrheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty wrk clthes. And they dn’t ften make schl hnr rlls(光荣榜).
But being the parent f a mtrhead is itself an experience in educatin. We wh labr in clean shirts in ffices dn’t have the abilities that mtrheads have. I began t learn this when I had my car crashed. The cst t repair it was estimated at $800. ＂Hey, I can fix it,＂ said Jdy. I dubted it , but let him g ahead, fr I had nthing t lse.
My sn ,with ther mtrheads, fixed the car. They gt parts(零件）frm a junkyard, nn-tasting taster have been fixed. Neighburs and c-wrkers trust their car repair t him.
Since that first repair jb, a brken air-cnditiner, a nn-functining washer and a nn-tasting taster have been fixed. Neighbrs and c-wrkers trust their car repairs t him.
These kids are happiest when ding repairs. They jke and laugh and are living in their wn relaxed wrld. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clthes.
I have learned a lt frm my mtrhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Mst imprtant, I have learned that fathers dn’t need clnes in ftsteps r anywhere else.
My sn may never make the schl hnr rll. But he made mine.
41. What used t be the authr’s hpe fr his sn?
A. T avid becming his clne.
B. T resemble him in appearance.
C. T develp in a different directin.
D. T reach the authr’s unachieved gals.
42. What can we learn abut the authr’s children?
A. His daughter des better in schl.
B. His daughter has gt a master’s degree.
C. His sn tried hard t finish hmewrk.
D. His sn culdn’t write his bk reprts.
43. The authr let his sn repair the car because he believed that_______.
A. his sn had the ability t fix it.
B. it wuld save him much time.
C. it wuldn’t cause him any mre lss
D. ther mtrheads wuld cme t help.
44. In the authr’s eyes, mtrheads are _______.
A. tidy and hardwrkingB. cheerful and smart
C. lazy but brightD. relaxed but rude
45. What did the authr realize in the end?
A. It is unwise t expect yur child t fllw yur path.
B. It is imprtant fr ne t make the hnr rll.
C. Architects play a mre imprtant rle than builders.
D. Mtrheads have greater ability than ffice wrkers.
题组四（名校模拟题）
Passage 1(2018届江西省金溪一中、余江一中等五市八校高三联考)
Dr. Ariel Brahman is nt just an rdinary teacher. He was a headmaster at SMU Labschl Jakarta (senir high schl). He is als an Executive Chairman f the Indnesian Natical Cmmissin fr UNESCO. As a teacher, he’s clse t his students. He always spares sme time t run with us every Friday mrning(ur schl activity) and t cme and visit his students in class, just t say hi. Hsfavurite sayings are, “Students, put sme pictures in the back f yur classrm…” and “Have a nice study.”
He als encurage us t be friendly, fr example, t shake hands with ne anther every mrning, just t say gd mrning t ne anther r at least smile at ther peple. Simple, but meaningful.
Dr. Ariel Brahman is s friendly. He shws respect t ther and appreciates thers. But mst f all, the reasn why I like him is s that he always encurages the chir(唱诗班)grup at my schl t keep n singing. He has always supprted us and put his trust in us. It’s because f him that the chir remains in existence after we nearly gave up when facing ther peple’s criticism.
Dr. Ariel Brahman is a natinalist ,especially in educatin. As I mentined abve, he is a member f UNESCO fr Indnesian educatin. He is quitting his jb as the head f UniversitasNegeri Jakarta t fulfill his duty at UNESCO.
My grandmther nce tld me that Dr. Ariel Brahman was held in jail because he said smething abut human rights ( I dn’t knw exactly what it was), but unfrtunately. Schart, wh was the president f Indnesia, didn’t like that and put Dr. Ariel Brahman in jail. Well, I think that is ne brave act fr Dr. Ariel rahman t speak his mind freely withut hesitating because f what ther peple might think.
The way he respects ther, the way he speaks his mind and the way he encurages us make him an inspiratin fr us all.
1.Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Dr. Ariel Brahman?
A. Mdest and humrusB. Brave and kind
C. Generus and psitive.D. Cautius and kind-hearted.
2.What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. The students dn't respect Dr. Ariel Brahman.
B. The chir grup used t be unppular in the authr's schl.
C. Dr Ariel Brahman desn't like the president f Indnesia.
D. The authr respects Dr Ariel Brahman as he is strict with students.
3.Why was Dr Ariel Brahman put in jail?
A. He didn't take charge f UniversitasNegeri Jakarta.
B. He inspired peple t g against the gvernment.
C. He didn't like the president f Indnesia at that time.
D. He encuraged Indnesians t fight fr their rights.
Passage 2(湖南省三湘名校教育联盟2019届高三大联考)
Pstmen are all t used t keeping an eye ut fr the threat f dgs. But in a seaside twn in Nrth Wales，they have been frced t take cver frm an unexpected threat seagulls. They have cmplained that the birds have becme s terrifying that deliveries t sme streets have been suspended. Yesterday residents f Abergele agreed the seagulls were fearless but said they were angry at lsing their daily pst.
Rberts, wh wrks as a safety adviser，lives where the attacks have taken place. “Last week，we nticed we hadn’t gt any mail fr what we thught was a week，but it’s hard t tell because yu dn’t always knw if yu’re due any mail，”she said. “We put smething n Facebk asking if anyne else had nt had their pst. . . One f my Facebk friends said a pstman had refused t deliver because f the seagulls. ”
Ryal Mail said that deliveries had been interrupted because f the pstman experiencing attacks by seagulls as he delivered mail n his rund there ver the past few weeks? adding that the pstman gt peple’s mail thrugh whenever it was safe.
“We knw that these kinds f attacks d happen at this time f year acrss the cuntry as they are nesting，’’she said. Ryal Mail aplgized t the custmers affected and prmised t cntinue t mnitr the situatin every day，but in the meantime sme are having t travel t neighburing Rhyl t cllect mail frm the delivery ffice there. But he recmmends preventing gulls nesting n rfs in advance by putting up nets, and if all else fails, walking with an umbrella up during wrst-affected areas.
1.What des the underlined wrd “suspended” mst prbably mean?
A. Increased. B. Paused.
C. Printed. D. Decreased.
2.The residents f Abergele are nt happy because .
A. the seagulls are s terrifying
B. the dgs are s threatening
C. they dn't receive their pst n time
D. the seagulls are stealing their pst
3.Why did Debbie Rberts put smething n Facebk?
A. T knw if anyne else had the same experience.
B. T ffer advice t deal with the seagulls.
C. T avid being attacked by seagulls.
D. T answer questins abut safety,
4.What’s the main idea f the passage?
A. Seagulls like t steal residents’ pst.
B. Pstmen’s safety is threatened by seagulls.
C. Residents f Abergele are afraid f seagulls.
D. Daily pst is delayed because f seagulls’ attack.
Passage 3(黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学2019届高三调研考试)
This is my sn Matthew's last night at hme befre cllege. I knw that this is gd news. I feel prud that Matthew will g t a great schl. I knw that this is finest hur. But lking at the suitcases n his bed sends me ut f the rm t a hidden crner where I can't stp crying.
Thrugh the srrw, I feel a rising embarrassment. ”Pull yurself tgether!” I tell myself. There are parents sending their kids ff t battle znes. Hw dare I feel s shcked and upset?
One f the great gifts f my life has been having my bys, Matthew and Jhnwen. Thrugh them, I have explred the mysterius, cmplicated bnd between fathers and sns. As My wife and I raised them, I have discvered the lve and lss between my father and me. After my parents' divrce，I spent weekends with my dad in Ohi. By the time Sunday came arund, I was unable t enjy the day's activities because I was already afraid f the gdbye f the evening.
Nw，standing amng Matthew’s accumulatin f pssessins, I realize it's me wh has becme a by again. All my sadness and lnging t hld n t things are back, sweeping ver me as they did when I was a child.
His bed is tidy and spare. It already has the feel f aa guest bed. In my mind I replay wrapping him in his favrite blanket. That was ur nightly rutine until ne evening he said, ”Daddy，I dn't think I need a blanket tnight.” I think f all the times we lay amng the cvers reading. I lk at the bed and think f all the recent times I was annyed at hw late he was sleeping. I'll never have t wrry abut that again, I realize.
Fr his part, Matthew has been a rck. He is treating his leaving as just anther day at the ffice. And I'm glad. After all, smene's gt t be strng. I'm prud that he is charging int the first chapter f his adult life with such cnfidence.
1.What des the writer mean by “Pull yurself tgether!”?
A. Get up. B. Cheer up.
C. Pull up. D. Wake up.
2.We can infer frm the passage that___________.
A. the writer is accustmed t sleeping early
B. Matthew desn't get n well with his father
C. Matthew is ready fr his new life
D. the writer wasn't brave enugh t face his parents' divrce
3.Hw des the writer feel abut his sn's leaving fr cllege?
A. Wrried. B. Grateful.
C. Relieved. D. Bittersweet.
4.Which f the fllwing culd be the best title f the text?
A. Unavidable Gdbye B. Sweet Memries
C. Glrius Mment D. Uncnditinal Lve
Passage 4(2017届山西省晋中市高考模拟)
Recently I and ther Red Crss vlunteers met a grup f victims frm Hurricane Katrina. We were there, as mental health prfessinals, t ffer ＂psychlgical first aid＂ and I was struck by the simple healing pwer f presence. As we walked in the gate t the shelter, we were greeted with a burst f gratitude (感激) frm the first persn we met. I felt appreciated, but als guilty, because I hadn’t really dne anything yet.
I first realized the pwer f presence many years ag when a friend’s mther passed away unexpectedly. I had received a call saying she had just passed away. I wanted t rush dwn there immediately, but didn’t want t intrude (打扰) n this very persnal perid f sadness. I was trn abut what t d. Anther friend with me then said, ＂Just g. Just be there.＂ I did, and I will never regret it.
Since then, I have nt hesitated t be in the presence f thers. Once I sat at the bedside f a yung man suffering frm the pain f his AIDS — related dying. He was nt awake, and bviusly unaware f thers’ presence. Hwever, the atmsphere was by n means slemn. His family, playing guitars and singing, allwed him t be present with them as thugh he were still fully alive.
In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing pwer f presence. In it, nne f us are truly alne. It is nt nly smething we give t thers but als changes me fr the better.
1.Why were the hurricane victims grateful t the authr?
A. He built shelters fr them.
B. He gave immediate first aid t them.
C. He came t stay with them.
D. He brught mental health prfessinals.
2.What did the authr d when his friend’s mther passed away?
A. He hesitated ver whether t g.
B. He went t his friends’ at nce.
C. He knew what t d instantly.
D. He decided nt t disturb.
3.What des the underlined wrd ＂slemn＂ in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Heavy but warm.
B. A little sad but csy.
C. Relaxing and delightful.
D. Very serius and unhappy.
4.What has the authr learned frm his experience?
A. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B. Being present can make a big difference.
C. The family harmny is the happiest thing in life.
D. Being a vlunteer can make ne’s life mre significant.
题组一
Passage1
28.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段的内容可知，王澍获得2012年普利策奖，而普利策奖相当于建筑界的诺贝尔奖，他是第一个获此奖的中国人，故推知中国建筑现在得到了国际认可。故B项正确。
31.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段和倒数第三段中In fact, traditin als refers t the things that have been develping and that are still being created可知，传统的研究要与实践相结合，在实践中进行再创造，否则就会是人工的和空的，故D正确。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了自己第一次跑马拉松，凭借自己的意志力成功跑完全程的励志故事。
36.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Yet, I was determined t g ahead. 可知，马拉松赛前一个月尽管作者脚踝受伤使得训练时间缩短，但作者仍下定决心参赛。故选C。
37.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段I didn’t d either well. He later infrmed me that I was ＂nt athletic＂可知，作者提到7年级的事情是为了证明自己真的没有运动天赋。故选C。
38.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第10段I was ne f the final runners t finish. But I finished! And I gt a medal. In fact, I gt the same medal as the ne that the guy wh came in first place had. 可知，作者坚持到了最后，而且得到了一块奖牌，虽然不是第一名，由此可见他成功地跑完了马拉松。故选A。
39.B 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在讲述自己跑马拉松的经历，再根据最后一段Determined t be myself, mve frward, free f shame and wrldly labels(世俗标签), I can nw call myself a ＂marathn winner＂. 可知，作者成功跑完马拉松源于自己的意志。故选B。
Passage 3
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者和朋友原想参观McNay博物馆，到了之后参观的时候，发现很多人奇怪的看着她，最后才发现自己误将一个私人住宅当成McNay博物馆。30年后，一位女士认出误撞入自己住宅的作者，指出正是因为作者的误撞入才让她意识到自己住的地方有多么美丽。
41.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段When I was 17, I read a magazine article abut a museum called the McNay, nce the hme f a waterclrist named Marian McNay.可知，Marian McNay是一名水彩画家。故选A。
42.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段"May I help yu?" a man asked. "N, "I said. "We're fine.” Tur guides gt n my nerves.可知，导游令作者心烦，作者误认为屋子里的男人是位导游。故选D。
44.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者着墨点主要在叙述参观误当成McNay博物馆的私人住宅上，故这才是文章的重心，所以将真正的McNay博物馆叙述一带而过。故选D。
45.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Befre yu came ver, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in.可知，在作者未造访她家之前，这位女士从未意识到自己住的地方多么美丽，从而可以推断出，人们往往对周围的美而不见。故选C。
Passage 4
【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记，主要介绍了Charles Dickens在英国小说方面的重要贡献和深远影响。在他200年诞辰之际，让我们永远记住这位对文学艺术做出重大贡献的小说家。
21.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段对当时情况的描写nbdy wanted t d it prfessinally. The steam-pwered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字）rate in England was under 50%. Many wrks f fictin appeared withut the names f the authrs... Nvels, fr the mst part, were lked upn as silly, immral, r just plain bad.印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，作品上没有作者名字，小说被认为是愚蠢的不正常的，毫无价值可言。故选C。
22.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged.和列举的Charles Dickens小说的影响可知，把他和Mna Lisa相比是为了说明Charles Dickens在英国小说方面的重要性和Mna Lisa在绘画方面的重要性是一样的，故选D。
23.A 【解析】写作意图题。根据文中对Charles Dickens及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文章
最后But as the 200th anniversary f his birth appraches, it is pssible — and imprtant fr ur wn
culture—t understand hw he made himself a lasting ne.可知本文是写于Charles Dickens诞辰200周
年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选A。
题组二
Passage1
【文章大意】救助小动物并没有那么简单，因为你所做的救助行为到最后可能都成了无用功。但无论结果怎样，救助小动物的这种行为是美好的。本文主要介绍了作者救助一只小猫头鹰，给它做新的窝，帮助它回到父母身边的故事。
24.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的Trying t help injured, displaced r sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain.可知救助受伤的、流离失所的、生病的动物是令人心碎的，因为我们不知道救助的动物是否能活下去，也就是说我们为救助动物而花费的努力可能会白费，这是不可避免的。故选A。
26.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed dwn可知在作者把小猫头鹰放在窝里之后，它很快就安静下来，所以是窝让小猫头鹰安静下来的。故选A。
27.B 【解析】观点态度题。根据前文描述可知作者为小猫头鹰做了窝，并且帮助它找回了它的父母，小猫头鹰的父母还为它带回了午餐，作者的救助成功了，说明结局是美好的。再结合第一段的Hwever, when it wrks, it is simply beautiful.可推测，作者感觉很美好。故选B。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与Paul Newman之间的深厚友情。当制片人不想让我参演电影时，Paul Newman站出来为我说话，两人因此而建立了深厚的友谊。在此后的很多年里，两人一直相互扶持，相互鼓励，因此两人的深厚友情维系了很多年。
24.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据＂When the studi didn’t want me fr the film— it wanted smebdy as well
knwn as Paul＂可知，作者当时还不是很有名。故选C。
25.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据＂Bth f us had the qualities and virtues that are typical f American actrs:
humrus, aggressive, and making fun f each ther— but always with an underlying affectin. Thse were als at the cre （核心）f ur relatinship ff the screen＂可知，作者与Paul之间有着相似的性格特征。故选D。
26.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据＂We shared the brief that if yu’re frtunate enugh t have success, yu shuld
put smething back＂，我们都有这个信仰：如果你有幸获得成功，你应该有所回馈。下文＂he with his Newman’s Own fd and his Hle in the Wall camps fr kids wh are seriusly ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival＂是作者举的例子，因此＂sharing that brught us tgether.＂that指代前面提到的信仰。故选A。
27.B 【解析】写作意图题。根据＂I last saw him a few mnths ag. He’d been in and ut f the hspital. He and
I bth knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk abut it＂可知Paul已经去世了，再结合前文＂I first met Paul Newman in 1968＂，可推断作者非常怀念这位朋友。故选B。
Passage3
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一家具有75年历史的剧院因为不利的地理位置和现代剧院的竞争而被转售的故事。
24.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据首段的最后两句可知，这次散场后的清理工作与之前不同的是工人不仅清理走了垃圾，而且还挪走了座椅和剧院的其他设备，因为剧院已经被转卖出去了。
27.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的＂mst f the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting t say gd-bye t the ld building＂可知，人们非常难过，不愿意看到老剧院被拆掉。
Passage4
【文章大意】讲述Taylr Bisbee通过及时的CPR挽救了一位学生的生命。
56.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure.可知Paris是突然的心力衰竭，肯定是心脏问题，故答案为B。
57.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段＂Mst peple dn’t survive this. My team saved my life.＂可知大多数人都没有从这样的疾病中活过来，她的队友们给她进行及时的心脏复苏，以及一系列的救治，把她救了回来，因此她觉得自己很幸运，故选C。
58.B 【解析】推理判断题。Taylr根据自己所学的CPR知识及时挽救了 Paris的生命，虽然犹豫了，但是很快地进行CPR抢救，说明她很勇敢，很镇静，不慌不忙，不像其他孩子那样陷入惊慌之中，故选B。
题组三
Passage1
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者在一次运送造血干细胞途中的一段经历，表现了人们之间的友爱。
29.B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据本段内容 I’ve dne 89 trips和I have 42 hurs t carry stem cells in my little bx以及第二段内容可知作者是运送干细胞的人，也就是delivery man。故选B 。
30. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句I have 42 hurs t carry stem cells in my little bx because I’ve gt tw ice packs and that’s hw lng they last.可知冰盒只能保持42小时适宜的温度。故选D 。
31.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段末句 She arranged fr a flight n a small plane t be held fr me, re-ruted me thrugh Newark 可知，这位好心的女士首先安排作者去Newark的航班。故选 B。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文属于记叙文，作者通过让学生拼装玩具发现并鼓励学生的创造性和想象力。
26.D 【解析】推理判断题。文章第三段第一句中提到的这个男孩在空闲时间拼装这些玩具，而且他的作品堆满了艺术教室的架子，家里的卧室里也有很多。第三段倒数第三句＂Here was an exceptinally creative mind at wrk＂说明他是一个很有想象力和创造性的人。故D项正确。
27.B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线单词后一句＂I ran the risk f lsing thse students wh had a different style f thinking.＂可知我冒着失去那些有不同思维方式的学生的危险。说明我的这种教育方法也有不足之处。故划线词意为＂drawback缺点＂。故B正确。
28.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后七段中的对话内容可知作者鼓励孩子们说出最有趣的、有创造性和想象力的梦，并鼓励他们在白天的课堂里把梦的内容做出来。作者这样做的目的就是为了让他们发现自己的创造性和想象力。故A正确。
Passage3
【文章大意】Natalie是一个14岁的孩子，她生活的地方Brklyn遭到了飓风桑迪的袭击，受灾严重。看到人们在帮助家乡重建，Natalie也加入了进去，Natalie创建网站来分享求助信息，帮助捐赠者找到需要的受助者。Natalie的行为得到了社会的认可和表扬。
59.B 【解析】细节理解题。A项未提及；根据第三段＂Natalie’s schl was s damaged that she had t temprarily attend a schl in Brklyn＂可知，学校没有搬走，而是暂时去Brklyn上学，排除C；根据＂peple were suffering, especially the elderly＂排除D；根据＂When they returned t Rckaway the next day, they fund their neighbrhd in ruins.＂可知，他们的街区被飓风毁了，故选B。
60.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段＂In the fllwing few days, the men and wmen helping Rckaway recver inspired Natalie.＂可知，那些帮助Rckaway恢复重建的人给了Natalie鼓舞，故选A。
61.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段＂She created a website page matching survivrs in need with dnrs wh wanted t help.＂可知，Natalie创建了一个网站来分享和匹配求助信息和捐赠信息，故选D。
62.A 【解析】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段＂Her effrts made her a famus persn. Last April, she was invited t the White Huse and hnred as a Hurricane Sandy Champin f Change.＂可知，Natalie的助人行为得到了社会的认可和赞扬，说明小人物也可以有大作为，故选A。
Passage4
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。作者一开始希望自己的儿子能效仿他，完成他没有实现的目标。但是他的儿子学习成绩不理想，只上了技校。一次作者的车坏了，儿子和同学帮助作者修好了车，让作者改变了自己的看法。
43.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段的句子I dubted it, but let him g ahead, fr I had nthing t lse，可知，作者让儿子修车，因为他觉得这不会给他带来损失。故选C。
44.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的句子These kids are happiest when ding repairs. They jke and laugh and are in living in their wn relaxed wrld. And their minds are bright…，可知，在作者眼中，mtrhead是令人兴奋的，聪明的。故选B。
45.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的句子Mst imprtant, I have learned that fathers dn’t need clnes in ftsteps r anywhere else，可知，作者最后意识到期望孩子走自己的道路这是不明智的。故选A。
题组四
Passage1
【文章大意】这是一篇人物故事类记叙文。文中主要讲述他作为校长作为老师，对学生的热爱和关心。
以及对学生的思想和礼貌方面的教育。就人权而言，勇于批评时政，并因此而坐牢。这些方方面面都对孩子们有很大的影响。
1.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话He als encurage us t be friendly和最后一段第
三行didn't like that and put Dr.Ariel Brahman in jailWell I think that is ne brave act…可知。故选B。
2.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后三行He always encurages…t keep n saying…When
facing ther peple's criticism.可知当时我们不受欢迎，差点放弃。是老师的鼓励，才得以坚持下去。故选B。
3.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据短文最后一段第二行。He said smething abut human rights…didn't like that and put Dr. Ariel Brahman in jail可知他鼓励印度尼西亚人民为权利而战。故选B。
Passage2
【文章大意】这是一篇故事类阅读。本文主要讲述了在北威尔士的一个小镇，由于海鸥的袭击，邮递员不得不暂停了邮件的投递。
2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段Yesterday residents f Abergele agreed the seagulls were fearless but said they were angry at lsing their daily pst.可知阿贝尔格莱的居民也承认这里的海鹏是什么都不怕，但是让他们感到很生气的是他们没有及时收到每日的邮报，故选C。
3.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段We put smething n Facebk asking if anyne else had nt had their pst可知因为出现了这种情况，Debbie Rberts才到“脸书”去问其他人是不是也有相同的遭遇，故选A。
4.D 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了在北威尔士的一个小镇，由于海鸥的袭击，邮
递员不得不暂停了邮件的投递，故D项概括了文章的大意，故选D。
Passage3
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲了作者的儿子即将去上大学，作者很不放心，感觉自己很孤独，同时又为自己的儿子感到骄傲。作者明白这是儿子成长道路上的必经之路，也是父子俩不可避免的分离。
1.B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据“Pull yurself tgether!”之后的句子There are parents sending their kids ff t battle znes. Hw dare I feel s shcked and upset?（有父母还把他们的孩子送去战场，我怎么能如此震惊和心烦呢？）由此推断出作者是在安慰自己，高兴起来，故选B。
2.C 【解析】推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段I'm prud that he is charging int the first chapter f his adult life with such cnfidence.可知作者为自己儿子自信的开启成人生活的第一篇章，感到自豪，由此推断出Matthew对他的新生活做好了准备，故选C。
3.D 【解析】推理判断题。通过阅读文章可知，作者的儿子去上大学，作者很不放心，感觉自己很孤独，同时又为自己的儿子感到骄傲，由此推知作者对于儿子上大学，苦乐参半，故选D。
4.A 【解析】主旨大意题。这篇文章讲了作者的儿子即将去上大学，作者很不放心，感觉自己很孤独，同时又为自己的儿子感到骄傲。作者明白这是儿子成长道路上的必经之路，也是父子俩不可避免的分离，故选A。
Passage4
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。经过几次出现在诸如灾难现场、失去亲人的朋友家里等，作者体会到出现产生的巨大力量，因为这不仅帮助了别人，也提高了自己。
1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段末we were greeted with a burst f gratitude (感激)frm the first persn we met….I hadn’t really dne anything yet.可知，我们只是和他们见面，还没有做什么，故选C。
3.D 【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词后一句中His family, playing guitars and singing, allwed him t be present with them as thugh he were still fully alive.可知，当时气氛并不严肃，故选D。
4.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第 4 段中In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing pwer f presence.可知，每次的出现都会产生很大的影响，故选B。
要求学生重视并充分利用每单元学案、课本上的重点词汇、短语和句型，以及每单元的综合训练，认真对其辨析、总结和归纳，查漏补缺，坚持积累，最重要的是能够在合适的语境中正确、灵活地运用。保证课堂高效。
2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏
一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。
3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识
学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。大量的、甚至可能是枯燥的训练是做题速度和准确度的保证。希望老师要保证所有同学从每套题中都获得最大收获。
4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩
得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。一轮复习中，重视基础知识的同时，要坚持阅读训练，促进英语成绩的整体提高。
5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节
一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。同时，重视复习效果，做到做一件事，有一点收获。英语成绩的进步并非一蹴而就，需要每天坚持把每件事情做扎实。只要做到这一点，成功只是早晚的事！
考点44 阅读理解记叙文
高考频度：★★★★★
记叙文类文章描述的是一件具体事情的发生、发展和结局，通常有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲，文章的难度通常不大，在阅读过程中，我们一直在某个线索的引导下，随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事情的始末，因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。阅读此类文章应特别注意：（1）若是一般故事性文章，应读懂故事的发生、发展、高潮和结局；（2）若是＂哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义；（3）若是 ＂逸闻趣事＂，应体会对话的风趣性，进而才能感受幽默的精髓。
二、命题方式
考向一 细节事实理解
一篇文章必然是由许多具体的细节、具体的内容构成的，所有这些信息以某种顺序（时间、空间、情感变化等）排列起来，来进一步解释或阐释主题，体现文章的主旨大意。
细节理解题目主要考查学生对文章具体事实和细节的理解能力，属于表层理解题范畴，难度较小，但在整个阅读理解题中所占比例最大，细节理解题多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目。
此类题通常根据文章具体内容来设问，也常使用下列方式来提问：
1.Which f the fllwing statements is(nt) true/crrect?
2.Which f the fllwing is nt mentined?
3.All f the fllwing are true except...
4.Accrding t the passage, when/where/why/hw/hw/what/which,etc...？
1.直接事实题
在解答这类问题时要求学生抓住题干文字信息，采用针对性方法进行阅读，因为这类题的答案在文章中可以直接找到。
A giant dam was built many years ag t cntrl the Clrad River in the U.S. This dam was built t prtect the land and huses arund the river.
This huge dam is in the Black Canyn. It is pssible t drive a car frm ne side f the river t the ther n a rad, which is n the tp f the dam. This dam is s big that there is an elevatr inside. The elevatr ges dwn frty-fur stries frm the rad t the bttm. There is enugh cncrete in this dam t build a highway frm New Yrk t San Francisc. Thusands f peple wrked n this dam fr five years.
This huge dam was called Bulder Dam when it was finished in 1936.Later it was renamed Hver Dam in hnr f a president f the United States. Hver Dam, ne f the highest dams in the wrld, is situated between the states f Arizna and Nevada.
Q：Hver Dam lies______ .
A. between Arizna and Nevada
B. in the Black Canyn
C. between New Yrk and San Francisc
D. bth A and B
2.间接事实题
解答此类题，需要结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断或者要进行简单的计算。
Invited by Mr.Ye Huixian, hst f the well-received TV prgramme ＂Stars Tnight＂，Miss Lu Lin, Miss Asia f 1991, appeared as the guest hstess n the Shanghai TV screen last Sunday.
Brn in Shanghai and taken t Hngkng when she was nly six years ld, Lu Lin has never dreamed f being Miss Asia. Her childhd dream was t be an air hstess. Befre she tk part in the cmpetitin, she had been an airhstess in Cathay Airline fr seven years. Hwever, it still tk her three mnths t learn the art f walking n the stage, dancing, singing, making-up and ther prper manners, designed by the Asia TV Statin.
＂It’s really a hard jb fr me. I wn’t enter fr such cmpetitin any mre. Anyhw, I am quite lucky. I am als glad t have had mre chance t wrk fr the scial welfare since I wn the title. This time, in Shanghai, I’d lve t make a deep impressin n my TV audience，＂said Lu Lin with a sweet smile.
Q：Which f the fllwing is NOT true?
A. Lu Lin is a native f Shanghai.
B. Lu Lin mved t Hngkng with her parents.
C. Lu Lin wn the title f Miss Asia in 1991.
D. Asia TV Statin helped Lu Lin t becme Miss Asia.
【答案】
3. 数据推算。
If yu register bth the VIEW qualificatin curse and the Frum at the same time, yu will save_______ .
A. $100 B.$300 C.$350 D.$400
这类题目要求学生就文章提供的数据，以及数据与文中其他信息的关系做简单计算和推断。在做此类题时：
1.要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义。
2.弄清众多信息中那些属于有用信息，那些属于干扰信息。
3.不要孤立看待数字信息，而要抓住一些关键用语的意义。
考向二 主题理解或写作意图推断
一、主旨阅读理解题考查的内容
1.短文的标题（title,headline）；
2.短文或段落的主题（subject）；
3.中心思想(main idea)；
4.作者的写作目的(purpse)。
二、此类题的设问方式
1.What wuld be the best title fr the text?
2.What des the secnd paragraph mainly discuss?
3.What is the passage mainly abut?
4.The main purpse f annuncing the abve events is__________.
考向三 推理推断
推理题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力，属于深层理解题。
此类题的设问常常包括infer, imply, suggest, cnclude 等词，这类题的设问方式主要有：
1.We can infer frm the Passage that__________.
2.What can be inferred frm the Passage?
3.Which f the fllwing can be inferred frm the Passage?
4.It can be inferred frm Paragraph 3 that__________.
5.The authr suggests in this paragraph that__________.
6.The writer implies that__________.
7.It can be inferred that__________.
8.It can be cncluded frm the Passage that__________.
9.On the whle, we can cnclude that__________.
10.Frm the text we can cnclude that__________.
11.After reading the Passage we may cnclude that__________.
12.What cnclusin can be drawn frm the Passage?
13.The authr is inclined t think that__________.
14.When the writer talks abut, what he really means is that__________.
15.What’s the writer’s attitude/feeling
16.In the writer’s pinin,...
考向四 词义、句义猜测。
词义猜测阅读理解题考查对文中关键词语的理解。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据语境来判断。
此类题的设问方式主要有
1.The wrd ＂...＂in be replaced by...
2.As used in the passage, the phrase ＂...＂suggests...
3.Frm the passage, we can infer that the wrd/phrase ＂...＂ is/referred t...
4.The wrd ＂...＂ is clsest in meaning t...
猜词是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中常用的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会＂顺藤摸瓜＂，通过构词、语法、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、上下文等线索确定词义。
1.定义法。如：
Annealing is a way f making metal sfter by heating it and then letting it cl very slwly.
句子给予annealing 以明确的定义，即 ＂退火＂。
It will be very hard but als very brittle—that is,it will break easily.
从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle是＂脆＂的意思。
The herdsman, wh lks after sheep, earns abut 650 yuan a year.
定语从句中 lks after sheep 就表明了 herdsman 的词义为＂牧人＂。
2.同位法。如：
They traveled a lng way and at last gt t a castle,a large building in ld times.
同位语部分a large building in ld times 给出了 castle 的确切词义，即＂城堡＂。
We are n the night shift—frm midnight t 8 A. m.—this week.
两个破折号之间的短语很清楚地表明night shift 是＂夜班＂的意思。
3.对比法。如：
She is usually prmpt fr all her class,but tday she arrived in the middle f her first class.
but一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是＂她今天第一节上了一半才来＂，因此反向推理，可得出她平时一向＂准时＂的结论。
4.构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)。如：
Perhaps, we can see sme pssibilities fr next fifty years.But the next hundred?
pssibility 是 pssible的同根名词，据此可以判断定pssibility 意思是＂可能性＂。
5.因果法。如：
The lack f mvement caused the muscles t weaken. Smetimes the weakness was permanent. S the player culd never play the sprt again.
从后面的结果＂永远不能再运动＂中，可以推测 permanent 的意思为＂永远的，永久＂。
【解题技巧】
高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就有可能大大提高。
要熟练掌握记叙文的阅读技巧，了解记叙文的写作特点与命题特点也是有必要的。
一、记叙文写作特点
记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。
就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序来展开。不管是哪种叙述方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟，这是记叙文的精华所在，也是阅读的难点所在，可谓＂一篇之妙，在于落句＂。
二、记叙文命题特点
从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。
三、记叙文答题技巧
一把钥匙开一把锁。要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。
N.1 顺藤摸瓜
记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, wh, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。
N.2 左顾右盼
在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。
N.3 刨根问底
如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如＂What can be inferred frm …?＂或是What des the authr imply in…?＂之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。
N.4 拨云见日
每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。
这时，你不仅需要＂左顾右盼＂，还需要在几句话，一个段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行间中快速搜寻，看看前面、后面都发生了些什么；反复琢磨人物、事物，或者人物与事物之间的内在联系，才可能在最后拨开团团迷雾，从四个选项中选出正确答案。
题组一（2018年高考真题）
Passage1(2018·全国新课标卷III，C)
While famus freign architects are invited t lead the designs f landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV twer and the Natinal Center fr the Perfrming Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great effrts t take the center stage.
Their effrts have been prven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49-year-ld Chinese architect, wn the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize — which is ften referred t as the Nbel Prize in architecture — n February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen t win this award.
Wang serves as head f the Architecture Department at the China Academy f Art (CAA). His ffice is lcated at the Xiangshan campus(校园) f the university in Hangzhu, Zhejiang Prvince. Many buildings n the campus are his riginal creatins.
The style f the campus is quite different frm that f mst Chinese universities. Many visitrs were amazed by the cmplex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves(曲线) f the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall f hills, frming a unique view.
Wang cllected mre than 7 millin abandned bricks f different ages. He asked the wrkers t use traditinal techniques t make the bricks int walls, rfs and crridrs. This creatin attracted a lt f attentin thanks t its mixture f mdern and traditinal Chinese elements(元素).
Wang’s wrks shw a deep understanding f mdern architecture and a gd knwledge f traditins. Thrugh such a balance, he had created a new type f Chinese architecture, said Tada And, the winner f the 1995 Pritzker Prize.
Wang believes traditins shuld nt be sealed in glass bxes at museums. "That is nly evidence that traditins nce existed," he said.
"Many Chinese peple have a misunderstanding f traditins. They think traditin means ld things frm the past. In fact, traditin als refers t the things that have been develping and that are still being created, " he said.
"Tday, many Chinese peple are learning Western styles and theries rather than fcusing n Chinese traditins. Many peple tend t talk abut traditins withut knwing what they really are, " said Wang.
The study f traditins shuld be cmbined with practice. Otherwise, the recreatin f traditins wuld be artificial and empty, he said.
28. Wang’s winning f the prize means that Chinese architects are ___________.
A. fllwing the latest wrld trend
B. getting internatinal recgnitin
C. wrking harder than ever befre
D. relying n freign architects
29. What impressed visitrs t the CAA Xiangshan campus mst?
A. Its hilly envirnment. B. Its large size.
C. Its unique style.D. Its diverse functins.
30. What made Wang’s architectural design a success?
A. The mixture f different shapes.
B. The balance f East and West.
C. The use f ppular techniques.
D. The harmny f ld and new.
31. What shuld we d abut Chinese traditins accrding t Wang?
A. Spread them t the wrld.B. Preserve them at museums.
C. Teach them in universities.D. Recreate them in practice.
Passage2(2018·北京卷，A)
My First Marathn（马拉松）
A mnth befre my first marathn, ne f my ankles was injured and this meant nt running fr tw weeks, leaving me nly tw weeks t train. Yet, I was determined t g ahead.
I remember back t my 7th year in schl. In my first P.E. class, the teacher required us t run laps and then hit a sftball. I didn’t d either well. He later infrmed me that I was ＂nt athletic＂.
The idea that I was ＂nt athletic＂ stuck with me fr years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, nt abut cmpetitin r whether r nt I was athletic. It was all abut the battle against my wn bdy and mind. A test f wills!
The night befre my marathn, I dreamt that I culdn’t even find the finish line. I wke up sweating and nervus, but ready t prve smething t myself.
Shrtly after crssing the start line, my she laces(鞋带) became untied. S I stpped t readjust. Nt the start I wanted!
At mile 3, I passed a sign: ＂GO FOR IT, RUNNERS!＂
By mile 17, I became ut f breath and the nce injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the curse walking a bit and then running again.
By mile 21, I was starving!
As I apprached mile 23, I culd see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clck sunding at 4 a.m. r questined my expenses n running.
I was ne f the final runners t finish. But I finished! And I gt a medal. In fact, I gt the same medal as the ne that the guy wh came in first place had.
Determined t be myself, mve frward, free f shame and wrldly labels(世俗标签), I can nw call myself a ＂marathn winner＂.
36. A mnth befre the marathn, the authr ____________.
A. was well trainedB. felt scared
C. made up his mind t runD. lst hpe
37. Why did the authr mentin the P.E. class in his 7th year?
A. T acknwledge the supprt f his teacher.
B. T amuse the readers with a funny stry.
C. T shw he was nt talented in sprts.
D. T share a precius memry.
38. Hw was the authr’s first marathn?
A. He made it.B. He quit halfway.
C. He gt the first prize.D. He walked t the end.
39. What des the stry mainly tell us?
A. A man wes his success t his family supprt.
B. A winner is ne with a great effrt f will.
C. Failure is the mther f success.
D. One is never t ld t learn.
Passage3(2018·天津卷，B)
When I was 17, I read a magazine article abut a museum called the McNay, nce the hme f a waterclrist named Marian McNay. She had requested the cmmunity t turn it int a museum upn her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drve ver t the museum. She asked, "D yu have the address? ""N, but I’ll recgnize it, there was a picture in the magazine. "
"Oh, stp. There it is!”
The museum was free. We entered, excited. A grup f peple sitting in the hall stpped talking and stared at us.
"May I help yu?" a man asked. "N, "I said. "We’re fine.” Tur guides gt n my nerves. What if they talked a lng time abut a painting yu weren’t that interested in? Sally had gne upstairs. The peple in the hall seemed very nsy(爱窥探的), keeping their eyes n me with curisity. What was their prblem? I saw sme nice sculptures in ne rm. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. "Where d yu think yu are? " he asked. I turned sharply. "The McNay Art Museum!" He smiled, shaking his head. "Srry, the McNay is n New Braunfels Street." "What’s this place?” I asked, still cnfused. "Well, it’s ur hme." My heart jlted(震颤). I raced t the staircase and called ut, "Sally! Cme dwn immediately! "
"There’s sme really gd stuff(艺术作品) up there." She stepped dwn, lking cnfused. I pushed her tward the frnt dr, waving at the family, saying, "Srry, please frgive us, yu have a really nice place." Outside, when I tld Sally what happened, she cvered her muth, laughing. She culdn’t believe hw lng they let us lk arund withut saying anything.
The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervus the whle time we were there. Van Ggh, Picass. This time, we stayed tgether, in case anything else unusual happened.
Thirty years later, a wman apprached me in a public place. "Excuse me, did yu ever enter a residence, lng ag, thinking it was the McNay Museum? "
"Yes. But hw d yu knw? We never tld anyne. "
"That was my hme. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Befre yu came ver, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky befre. Yu thught it was a museum. My feelings abut my hme changed after that. I’ve always wanted t thank yu."
41. What d we knw abut Marian McNay?
A. She was a painter.
B. She was a cmmunity leader.
C. She was a museum directr.
D. She was a jurnalist.
42. Why did the authr refuse the help frm the man in the huse?
A. She disliked peple wh were nsy.
B. She felt nervus when talking t strangers.
C. She knew mre abut art than the man.
D. She mistk him fr a tur guide.
43. Hw did the authr feel abut being stared at by the peple in the hall?
A. Puzzled.B. Cncerned.C. Frightened.D. Delighted.
44. Why did the authr describe the real McNay museum in just a few wrds?
A. The real museum lacked enugh artwrk t interest her.
B. She was t upset t spend much time at the real museum.
C. The McNay was disappinting cmpared with the huse.
D. The event happening in the huse was mre significant.
45. What culd we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. Peple shuld have gd taste t enjy life.
B. Peple shuld spend mre time with their family.
C. Peple tend t be blind t the beauty arund them.
D. Peple tend t educate teenagers at a museum.
Passage4(2018·浙江卷，A)
In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was brn, there were 66 nvels published in Britain. Peple had been writing nvels fr a century—mst experts date the first nvel t Rbinsn Cruse in 1719—but nbdy wanted t d it prfessinally. The steam-pwered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字） rate in England was under 50%. Many wrks f fictin appeared withut the names f the authrs, ften with smething like “By a lady.”Nvels, fr the mst part, were lked upn as silly, immral r just plain bad.
In 1870, when Dickens died, the wrld murned him as its first prfessinal writer and publisher, famus and belved, wh had led an explsin in bth the publicatin f nvels and their readership and whse characters — frm Oliver Twist t Tiny Tim— were held up as mral tuchstnes. Tday Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged. Remving him frm the panthen（名人堂） f English literature wuld make abut as much sense as the Luvre selling ff the Mna Lisa.
Hw did Dickens get t the tp? Fr all the feelings readers attach t stries, literature is a numbers game, and the test f time is extremely difficult t pass. Sme 60,000 nvels were published during the Victrian age, frm 1837 t1901; tday a casual reader might be able t name a half-dzen f them. It’s partly true that Dickens’ style f writing attracted audiences frm all walks f life. It’s partly that his writings rde a wave f scial, plitical and scientific prgress. But it’s als that he rewrte the culture f literature and put himself at the center. N ne will ever knw what mix f talent, ambitin, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the 200th anniversary f his birth appraches, it is pssible — and imprtant fr ur wn culture—t understand hw he made himself a lasting ne.
21. Which f the fllwing best describes British nvels in the 18th century?
A. They were difficult t understand.
B. They were ppular amng the rich.
C. They were seen as nearly wrthless.
D. They were written mstly by wmen.
22. Dickens is cmpared with the Mna Lisa in the text t stress________.
A. his reputatin in France
B. his interest in mdern art
C. his success in publicatin
D. his imprtance in literature
23. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T remember a great writer.
B. T intrduce an English nvel.
C. T encurage studies n culture.
D. T prmte values f the Victrian age.
题组二（2017年高考真题）
Passage1(2017·全国新课标卷I，C)
I wrk with Vlunteers fr Wildlife, a rescue and educatin rganizatin at Bailey Arbretum in Lcust Valley. Trying t help injured, displaced r sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. Hwever, when it wrks, it is simply beautiful.
I gt a rescue call frm a wman in Muttntwn. She had fund a yung wl(猫头鹰) n the grund. When I arrived, I saw a 2-t 3-week-ld wl. It had already been placed in a carrier fr safety.
I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I culd lcate the nest, I might have been able t put it back, but n luck. My next wrk was t cnstruct a nest and anchr it in a tree.
The hmewner was very helpful. A wire basket was fund. I put sme pine branches int the basket t make this nest safe and cmfrtable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed dwn.
Nw all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the hmewner a recrding f the hunger screams f wl chicks. These advertise the presence f chicks t adults; they might als encurage ur chick t start calling as well. I gave the wner as much infrmatin as pssible and headed hme t see what news the night might bring.
A nervus night t be sure, but smetimes the spirits f nature smile n us all! The hmewner called t say that the parents had respnded t the recrdings. I drve ver and saw the chick in the nest lking healthy and active. And it was accmpanied in the nest by the greatest sight f all — LUNCH! The parents had dne their duty and wuld prbably cntinue t d s.
24. What is unavidable in the authr’s rescue wrk accrding t paragraph 1?
A. Effrts made in vain.
B. Getting injured in his wrk.
C. Feeling uncertain abut his future.
D. Creatures frced ut f their hmes.
25. Why was the authr called t Muttntwn?
A. T rescue a wman.
B. T take care f a wman.
C. T lk at a baby wl.
D. T cure a yung wl.
26.What made the chick calm dwn?
A. A new nest.B. Sme fd.
C. A recrding.D. Its parents.
27.Hw wuld the authr feel abut the utcme f the event?
A. It’s unexpected.B. It’s beautiful.
C. It’s humrus.D. It’s discuraging.
Passage2(2017·全国新课标卷II，B)
I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when Gerge Ry Hill, the directr f Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, intrduced us in New Yrk City. When the studi didn’t want me fr the film — it wanted smebdy as well knwn as Paul — he std up fr me. I dn’t knw hw many peple wuld have dne that; they wuld have listened t their agents r the studi pwers.
The friendship that grew ut f the experience f making that film and The Sting fur years later had its rt in the fact that althugh there was an age difference, we bth came frm a traditin f theater and live TV. We were respectful f craft（技艺）and fcused n digging int the characters we were ging t play. Bth f us had the qualities and virtues that are typical f American actrs: humrus, aggressive, and making fun f each ther— but always with an underlying affectin. Thse were als at the cre（核心）f ur relatinship ff the screen.
We shared the brief that if yu’re frtunate enugh t have success, yu shuld put smething back— he with his Newman’s Own fd and his Hle in the Wall camps fr kids wh are seriusly ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each ther all that regularly, but sharing that brught us tgether. We supprted each ther financially and by shwing up at events.
I last saw him a few mnths ag. He’d been in and ut f the hspital. He and I bth knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk abut it. Ours was a relatinship that didn’t need a lt f wrds.
24.Why was the studi unwilling t give the rle t authr at first?
A. Paul Newman wanted it.
B. The studi pwers didn’t like his agent.
C. He wasn’t famus enugh.
D. The directr recmmended smene else.
25.Why did Paul and the authr have a lasting friendship?
A. They were f the same age.
B. They wrked in the same theater.
C. They were bth gd actrs.
D. They have similar characteristics.
26.What des the underlined wrd ＂that＂ in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Their belief.
B. Their care fr children.
C. Their success.
D. Their supprt fr each ther.
27.What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T shw his lve f films.
B. T remember a friend.
C. T intrduce a new mvie.
D. T share his acting experience.
Passage3(2017·全国新课标卷III，B)
Minutes after the last mvie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, emplyees were busy sweeping up ppcrns and gathering cke cups. It was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater’s 75-year histry. This time, hwever, the cleanup was a little different. As ne grup f wrkers carried ut the rubbish, anther grup began remving seats and ther theater equipment in preparatin fr the building’s end.
The film classic The Last Picture Shw was the last mvie shwn in the ld theater. Thugh the mvie is 30 years ld, mst f the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting t say gd-bye t the ld building. Theater wner Ed Bradfrd said he chse the mvie because it seemed apprpriate. The mvie is set in a small twn where the nly mvie theater is preparing t clse dwn.
Bradfrd said that large mdern theaters in the city made it impssible fr the Plaza t cmpete. He added that the theater’s lcatin(位置) was als a reasn. ＂This used t be the center f twn,＂ he said. ＂Nw the area is mstly ffice buildings and warehuses.＂
Last week sme city fficials suggested the city might be interested in turning the ld theater int a museum and public meeting place. Hwever, these plans were abandned because f financial prblems. Bradfrd sld the building and land t a lcal develpment firm, which plans t build a shpping cmplex n the land where the theater is lcated.
The theater audience said gd-bye as Bradfrd lcked the drs fr the last time. After 75 years the Plaza Theater had shwn its last mvie. The theater will be missed.
24. In what way was yesterday’s cleanup at the Plaza special?
A. It made rm fr new equipment.
B. It signaled the clsedwn f the theater.
C. It was dne with the help f the audience.
D. It marked the 75th anniversary f the theater.
25. Why was The Last Picture Shw put n?
A. It was an all-time classic.
B. It was abut the histry f the twn.
C. The audience requested it.
D. The theater wner fund it suitable.
26. What will prbably happen t the building?
A. It will be repaired.
B. It will be turned int a museum.
C. It will be kncked dwn.
D. It will be sld t the city gvernment.
27. What can we infer abut the audience?
A. They are disappinted with Bradfrd.
B. They are sad t part with the ld theater.
C. They are supprtive f the city fficials.
D. They are eager t have a shpping center.
Passage4(2017·北京卷，B)
It was a cld March day in High Pint, Nrth Carlina. The girls n the Wesleyan Academy sftball were waiting fr their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet t stay warm. Eighth-grader Taylr Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The tw didn’t knw each ther well — Taylr had just mved t twn a mnth r s befre.
Suddenly, Paris fell t the grund,＂Paris’s eyes rlled back,＂ Taylr says. ＂She started shaking. I knew it was an emergency.＂
It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Withut immediate medical care, Paris wuld die. At first, n ne mved. The girls were in shck. Then the sftball cach shuted ut, ＂Des anyne knw CPR?＂
CPR is a life-saving technique. T d CPR, yu press n the sick persn’s chest s that bld mves thrugh the bdy and takes xygen t rgans. Withut xygen the brain is damaging quickly.
Amazingly, Taylr had just taken a CPR curse the day befre. Still, she hesitated. She didn’t think she knew it well enugh. But when n ne else came frward, Taylr ran t Paris and began ding CPR. ＂It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death,＂ says Taylr.
Taylr’s swift actin helped her teammates calm dwn. One girl called 911. Tw mre ran t get the schl nurse, wh brught a defibrillatr, an electrnic devices(器械) that can shck the heart back int wrk. Luck stayed with them: Paris’ heartbeat returned.
＂I knw I was really lucky,＂ Paris says nw. ＂Mst peple dn’t survive this. My team saved my life.＂
Experts say Paris is right: Fr a sudden heart failure, the single best chance fr survival is having smene nearby step in and d CPR quickly.
Tday, Paris is back n the sftball team. Taylr will apply t cllege sn. She wants t be a nurse. ＂I feel mre cnfident in my actins nw,＂ Taylr says. ＂I knw I can act under pressure in a scary situatin.＂
56.What happened t Paris n a March day?
A. She caught a bad cld.
B. She had a sudden heart prblem.
C. She was kncked dwn by a ball.
D. She shivered terribly during practice.
57.Why des Paris say she was lucky?
A. She made a wrthy friend.
B. She recvered frm shck.
C. She received immediate CPR.
D. She came back n the sftball team.
58.Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Taylr?
A. Enthusiastic and kind.
B. Curageus and calm.
C. Cperative and generus.
D. Ambitius and prfessinal.
题组三（2016年高考真题）
Passage1(2016·全国新课标卷 I，C)
I am peter Hdes , a vlunteer stem curier. Since March 2012, I’ve dne 89 trips f thse , 51 have been abrad, I have 42 hurs t carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little bx because I’ve gt tw ice packs and that’s hw lng they last, in all, frm the time the stem cells are harvested frm a dnr(捐献者) t the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve gt 72 hurs at mst, S I am always cnscius f time.
I had ne trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Prvidence, Rhde Island, and was meant t fly t Washingtn then back t Lndn. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Prvidence, the lady n the desk said: ＂Well, I’m really srry, I’ve gt sme bad news fr yu-there are n fights frm Washingtn.＂ S I tk my bx and put it n the desk and I said: ＂In this bx are sme stem cells that are urgently needed fr a patient-please, please, yu’ve gt t get me back t the United Kingdm.＂ She just drpped everything. She arranged fr a flight n a small plane t be held fr mere-ruted(改道)me thrugh Newark and gt me back t the UK even earlier than riginally scheduled.
Fr this curier jb, yu’re cnsciusly aware than that bx yu’re gt smething that is ptentially ging t save smebdy’s life.
29.Which f the fllwing can replace the underlined wrd ＂curier＂ in Paragraph1？
A prvider B delivery man
C cllectr D medical dctr
30.Why des Peter have t cmplete his trip within 42hurs?
A. He cannt stay away frm his jb t lng.
B. The dnr can nly wait fr that lng.
C. The peratin needs that very much.
D. The ice wn’t last any lnger.
31.Which flight did the wman put Peter n first?
A. T Lndn B. T Newark
C. T Prvidence D. T Washingtn
Passage2(2016·新课标全国卷II，B)
Five years ag, when I taught art at a schl in Seattle, I used Tinkertys as a test at the beginning f a term t find ut smething abut my students. I put a small set f Tinkertys in frnt f each student, and said:＂Make smething ut f the Tinkertys. Yu have 45 minutes tday - and 45minutes each day fr the rest f the week.＂
A few students hesitated t start. They waited t see the rest f the class wuld d. Several thers checked the instructins and made smething accrding t ne f the mdel plans prvided. Anther grup built smething ut f their wn imaginatins.
Once I had a by wh wrked experimentally with Tinkertys in his free time. His cnstructins filled a shelf in the art classrm and a gd part f his bedrm at hme. I was delighted at the presence f such a student. Here was an exceptinally creative mind at wrk. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whse creativity wuld infect(感染) ther students.
Encuraging this kind f thinking has a dwnside. I ran the risk f lsing thse students wh had a different style f thinking. Withut fail ne wuld declare, ＂But I’m just nt creative.＂
＂D yu dream at night when yu’re asleep?＂
＂Oh, sure.＂
＂S tell me ne f yur mst interesting dreams.＂ The student wuld tell smething wildly imaginative. Flying in the sky r in a time machine r grwing three heads. ＂That’s pretty creative. Wh des that fr yu?＂
＂Nbdy. I d it.＂
＂Really-at night, when yu’re asleep?＂
＂Sure.＂
＂Try ding it in the daytime, in class, kay?＂
25. The teacher used Tinkertys in class in rder t ________?
A. knw mre abut the students.
B. make the lessns mre exciting.
C. raise the students’ interest in art.
D. teach the students abut ty design.
26. What d we knw abut the by mentined in Paragraph 3?
A. He liked t help his teacher.
B. He preferred t study alne.
C. He was active in class.
D. He was imaginative.
27. What des the underlined wrd ＂dwnside＂ in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Mistake. B. Drawback.
C. Difficulty. D. Burden.
28. Why did the teacher ask the students t talk abut their dreams?
A. T help them t see their creativity.
B. T find ut abut their sleeping habits.
C. T help them t imprve their memry.
D. T find ut abut their ways f thinking.
Passage3(2016·北京卷，B)
Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)
Natalie Dan,14, has always felt lucky t live in Rckaway, New Yrk. Living just a few blcks frm the beach, Natalie can see the cean and hear the wave frm her huse. ＂It’s the cean that makes Rckaway s special,＂ she says.
On Octber 29, 2012, that cean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Cast, and Rckaway was hit especially hard. Frtunately, Natalie’s family escaped t Brklyn shrtly befre the city’s bridge clsed.
When they returned t Rckaway the next day, they fund their neighbrhd in ruins. Many f Natalie’s friends had lst their hmes and were living far away. All arund her, peple were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie’s schl was s damaged that she had t temprarily attend a schl in Brklyn.
In the fllwing few days, the men and wmen helping Rckaway recver inspired Natalie. Vlunteers came with carlads f dnated clthing and tys. Neighbrs devted their spare time t helping thers rebuild. Teenagers climbed dzens f flights f stairs t deliver water and fd t elderly peple trapped in pwerless high-rise buildings.
＂My mm tells me that I can’t cntrl what happens t me,＂ Natalie says. ＂but I can always chse hw I deal with it.＂
Natalie’s chice was t help.
She created a website page matching survivrs in need with dnrs wh wanted t help. Natalie psted intrductin abut a by named Patrick, wh lst his baseball card cllecting when his huse burned dwn. Within days, Patrick’s cllectin was replaced.
In the cming mnths, her website page helped lts f kids: Christpher, wh received a new basketball; Charlie, wh gt a new keybard. Natalie als wrked with ther rganizatins t bring much-need supplies t Rckaway. Her effrts made her a famus persn. Last April, she was invited t the White Huse and hnred as a Hurricane Sandy Champin f Change.
Tday, the scars(创痕)f destructin are still seen in Rckaway, but hpe is in the air. The streets are clear, and many hmes have been rebuilt. ＂I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rckaway,＂ Natalie declares. ＂My neighbrhd will be back, even strnger than befre.＂
59.When Natalie returned t Rckaway after the hurricane ,she fund______.
A. sme friends had lst their lives
B. her neighbrhd was destryed
C. her schl had mved t Brklyn
D. the elderly were free frm suffering
60.Accrding t paragraph4, wh inspired Natalie mst?
A. The peple helping Rckaway rebuild
B. The peple trapped in high-rise building
C. The vlunteers dnating mney t survivrs
D. Lcal teenagers bringing clthing t elderly peple
61.Hw did Natalie help the survivrs?
A. She gave her tys t the kids
B. She tk care f yunger children
C. She called n the White Huse t help
D. She built an infrmatin sharing platfrm
62.What des the stry intend t tell us?
A. Little peple can make a big difference
B.A friend in need is a friend indeed
C. East r West, hme is best
D. Technlgy is pwer
Passage 4(2016·天津卷，B)
Every man wants his sn t be smewhat f a clne, nt in features but in ftsteps. As he grws yu als age, and yur ambitins becme mre unachievable. Yu begin t realize that yur by, in yur ftsteps, culd prbably accmplish what yu hped fr. But ftsteps can be muddied and they can g ff in different directins.
My sn Jdy has hated schl since day ne in kindergarten. Science prjects waited until the last mment. Bk reprts weren’t written until the final threat.
I’ve been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate wrking tward her master’s degree in English. But Jdy? When he entered the tenth grade he became a ＂v-tech＂ student(技校学生). They’re called ＂mtrheads＂ by the rest f the student bdy.
When a secretary in my ffice first called him ＂mtrhead＂, I was shcked. ＂Hey, he’s a gd kid,＂ I wanted t say. ＂And smart, really.＂
I learned later that mtrheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty wrk clthes. And they dn’t ften make schl hnr rlls(光荣榜).
But being the parent f a mtrhead is itself an experience in educatin. We wh labr in clean shirts in ffices dn’t have the abilities that mtrheads have. I began t learn this when I had my car crashed. The cst t repair it was estimated at $800. ＂Hey, I can fix it,＂ said Jdy. I dubted it , but let him g ahead, fr I had nthing t lse.
My sn ,with ther mtrheads, fixed the car. They gt parts(零件）frm a junkyard, nn-tasting taster have been fixed. Neighburs and c-wrkers trust their car repair t him.
Since that first repair jb, a brken air-cnditiner, a nn-functining washer and a nn-tasting taster have been fixed. Neighbrs and c-wrkers trust their car repairs t him.
These kids are happiest when ding repairs. They jke and laugh and are living in their wn relaxed wrld. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clthes.
I have learned a lt frm my mtrhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Mst imprtant, I have learned that fathers dn’t need clnes in ftsteps r anywhere else.
My sn may never make the schl hnr rll. But he made mine.
41. What used t be the authr’s hpe fr his sn?
A. T avid becming his clne.
B. T resemble him in appearance.
C. T develp in a different directin.
D. T reach the authr’s unachieved gals.
42. What can we learn abut the authr’s children?
A. His daughter des better in schl.
B. His daughter has gt a master’s degree.
C. His sn tried hard t finish hmewrk.
D. His sn culdn’t write his bk reprts.
43. The authr let his sn repair the car because he believed that_______.
A. his sn had the ability t fix it.
B. it wuld save him much time.
C. it wuldn’t cause him any mre lss
D. ther mtrheads wuld cme t help.
44. In the authr’s eyes, mtrheads are _______.
A. tidy and hardwrkingB. cheerful and smart
C. lazy but brightD. relaxed but rude
45. What did the authr realize in the end?
A. It is unwise t expect yur child t fllw yur path.
B. It is imprtant fr ne t make the hnr rll.
C. Architects play a mre imprtant rle than builders.
D. Mtrheads have greater ability than ffice wrkers.
题组四（名校模拟题）
Passage 1(2018届江西省金溪一中、余江一中等五市八校高三联考)
Dr. Ariel Brahman is nt just an rdinary teacher. He was a headmaster at SMU Labschl Jakarta (senir high schl). He is als an Executive Chairman f the Indnesian Natical Cmmissin fr UNESCO. As a teacher, he’s clse t his students. He always spares sme time t run with us every Friday mrning(ur schl activity) and t cme and visit his students in class, just t say hi. Hsfavurite sayings are, “Students, put sme pictures in the back f yur classrm…” and “Have a nice study.”
He als encurage us t be friendly, fr example, t shake hands with ne anther every mrning, just t say gd mrning t ne anther r at least smile at ther peple. Simple, but meaningful.
Dr. Ariel Brahman is s friendly. He shws respect t ther and appreciates thers. But mst f all, the reasn why I like him is s that he always encurages the chir(唱诗班)grup at my schl t keep n singing. He has always supprted us and put his trust in us. It’s because f him that the chir remains in existence after we nearly gave up when facing ther peple’s criticism.
Dr. Ariel Brahman is a natinalist ,especially in educatin. As I mentined abve, he is a member f UNESCO fr Indnesian educatin. He is quitting his jb as the head f UniversitasNegeri Jakarta t fulfill his duty at UNESCO.
My grandmther nce tld me that Dr. Ariel Brahman was held in jail because he said smething abut human rights ( I dn’t knw exactly what it was), but unfrtunately. Schart, wh was the president f Indnesia, didn’t like that and put Dr. Ariel Brahman in jail. Well, I think that is ne brave act fr Dr. Ariel rahman t speak his mind freely withut hesitating because f what ther peple might think.
The way he respects ther, the way he speaks his mind and the way he encurages us make him an inspiratin fr us all.
1.Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Dr. Ariel Brahman?
A. Mdest and humrusB. Brave and kind
C. Generus and psitive.D. Cautius and kind-hearted.
2.What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. The students dn't respect Dr. Ariel Brahman.
B. The chir grup used t be unppular in the authr's schl.
C. Dr Ariel Brahman desn't like the president f Indnesia.
D. The authr respects Dr Ariel Brahman as he is strict with students.
3.Why was Dr Ariel Brahman put in jail?
A. He didn't take charge f UniversitasNegeri Jakarta.
B. He inspired peple t g against the gvernment.
C. He didn't like the president f Indnesia at that time.
D. He encuraged Indnesians t fight fr their rights.
Passage 2(湖南省三湘名校教育联盟2019届高三大联考)
Pstmen are all t used t keeping an eye ut fr the threat f dgs. But in a seaside twn in Nrth Wales，they have been frced t take cver frm an unexpected threat seagulls. They have cmplained that the birds have becme s terrifying that deliveries t sme streets have been suspended. Yesterday residents f Abergele agreed the seagulls were fearless but said they were angry at lsing their daily pst.
Rberts, wh wrks as a safety adviser，lives where the attacks have taken place. “Last week，we nticed we hadn’t gt any mail fr what we thught was a week，but it’s hard t tell because yu dn’t always knw if yu’re due any mail，”she said. “We put smething n Facebk asking if anyne else had nt had their pst. . . One f my Facebk friends said a pstman had refused t deliver because f the seagulls. ”
Ryal Mail said that deliveries had been interrupted because f the pstman experiencing attacks by seagulls as he delivered mail n his rund there ver the past few weeks? adding that the pstman gt peple’s mail thrugh whenever it was safe.
“We knw that these kinds f attacks d happen at this time f year acrss the cuntry as they are nesting，’’she said. Ryal Mail aplgized t the custmers affected and prmised t cntinue t mnitr the situatin every day，but in the meantime sme are having t travel t neighburing Rhyl t cllect mail frm the delivery ffice there. But he recmmends preventing gulls nesting n rfs in advance by putting up nets, and if all else fails, walking with an umbrella up during wrst-affected areas.
1.What des the underlined wrd “suspended” mst prbably mean?
A. Increased. B. Paused.
C. Printed. D. Decreased.
2.The residents f Abergele are nt happy because .
A. the seagulls are s terrifying
B. the dgs are s threatening
C. they dn't receive their pst n time
D. the seagulls are stealing their pst
3.Why did Debbie Rberts put smething n Facebk?
A. T knw if anyne else had the same experience.
B. T ffer advice t deal with the seagulls.
C. T avid being attacked by seagulls.
D. T answer questins abut safety,
4.What’s the main idea f the passage?
A. Seagulls like t steal residents’ pst.
B. Pstmen’s safety is threatened by seagulls.
C. Residents f Abergele are afraid f seagulls.
D. Daily pst is delayed because f seagulls’ attack.
Passage 3(黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学2019届高三调研考试)
This is my sn Matthew's last night at hme befre cllege. I knw that this is gd news. I feel prud that Matthew will g t a great schl. I knw that this is finest hur. But lking at the suitcases n his bed sends me ut f the rm t a hidden crner where I can't stp crying.
Thrugh the srrw, I feel a rising embarrassment. ”Pull yurself tgether!” I tell myself. There are parents sending their kids ff t battle znes. Hw dare I feel s shcked and upset?
One f the great gifts f my life has been having my bys, Matthew and Jhnwen. Thrugh them, I have explred the mysterius, cmplicated bnd between fathers and sns. As My wife and I raised them, I have discvered the lve and lss between my father and me. After my parents' divrce，I spent weekends with my dad in Ohi. By the time Sunday came arund, I was unable t enjy the day's activities because I was already afraid f the gdbye f the evening.
Nw，standing amng Matthew’s accumulatin f pssessins, I realize it's me wh has becme a by again. All my sadness and lnging t hld n t things are back, sweeping ver me as they did when I was a child.
His bed is tidy and spare. It already has the feel f aa guest bed. In my mind I replay wrapping him in his favrite blanket. That was ur nightly rutine until ne evening he said, ”Daddy，I dn't think I need a blanket tnight.” I think f all the times we lay amng the cvers reading. I lk at the bed and think f all the recent times I was annyed at hw late he was sleeping. I'll never have t wrry abut that again, I realize.
Fr his part, Matthew has been a rck. He is treating his leaving as just anther day at the ffice. And I'm glad. After all, smene's gt t be strng. I'm prud that he is charging int the first chapter f his adult life with such cnfidence.
1.What des the writer mean by “Pull yurself tgether!”?
A. Get up. B. Cheer up.
C. Pull up. D. Wake up.
2.We can infer frm the passage that___________.
A. the writer is accustmed t sleeping early
B. Matthew desn't get n well with his father
C. Matthew is ready fr his new life
D. the writer wasn't brave enugh t face his parents' divrce
3.Hw des the writer feel abut his sn's leaving fr cllege?
A. Wrried. B. Grateful.
C. Relieved. D. Bittersweet.
4.Which f the fllwing culd be the best title f the text?
A. Unavidable Gdbye B. Sweet Memries
C. Glrius Mment D. Uncnditinal Lve
Passage 4(2017届山西省晋中市高考模拟)
Recently I and ther Red Crss vlunteers met a grup f victims frm Hurricane Katrina. We were there, as mental health prfessinals, t ffer ＂psychlgical first aid＂ and I was struck by the simple healing pwer f presence. As we walked in the gate t the shelter, we were greeted with a burst f gratitude (感激) frm the first persn we met. I felt appreciated, but als guilty, because I hadn’t really dne anything yet.
I first realized the pwer f presence many years ag when a friend’s mther passed away unexpectedly. I had received a call saying she had just passed away. I wanted t rush dwn there immediately, but didn’t want t intrude (打扰) n this very persnal perid f sadness. I was trn abut what t d. Anther friend with me then said, ＂Just g. Just be there.＂ I did, and I will never regret it.
Since then, I have nt hesitated t be in the presence f thers. Once I sat at the bedside f a yung man suffering frm the pain f his AIDS — related dying. He was nt awake, and bviusly unaware f thers’ presence. Hwever, the atmsphere was by n means slemn. His family, playing guitars and singing, allwed him t be present with them as thugh he were still fully alive.
In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing pwer f presence. In it, nne f us are truly alne. It is nt nly smething we give t thers but als changes me fr the better.
1.Why were the hurricane victims grateful t the authr?
A. He built shelters fr them.
B. He gave immediate first aid t them.
C. He came t stay with them.
D. He brught mental health prfessinals.
2.What did the authr d when his friend’s mther passed away?
A. He hesitated ver whether t g.
B. He went t his friends’ at nce.
C. He knew what t d instantly.
D. He decided nt t disturb.
3.What des the underlined wrd ＂slemn＂ in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Heavy but warm.
B. A little sad but csy.
C. Relaxing and delightful.
D. Very serius and unhappy.
4.What has the authr learned frm his experience?
A. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B. Being present can make a big difference.
C. The family harmny is the happiest thing in life.
D. Being a vlunteer can make ne’s life mre significant.
题组一
Passage1
28.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段的内容可知，王澍获得2012年普利策奖，而普利策奖相当于建筑界的诺贝尔奖，他是第一个获此奖的中国人，故推知中国建筑现在得到了国际认可。故B项正确。
31.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段和倒数第三段中In fact, traditin als refers t the things that have been develping and that are still being created可知，传统的研究要与实践相结合，在实践中进行再创造，否则就会是人工的和空的，故D正确。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了自己第一次跑马拉松，凭借自己的意志力成功跑完全程的励志故事。
36.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句Yet, I was determined t g ahead. 可知，马拉松赛前一个月尽管作者脚踝受伤使得训练时间缩短，但作者仍下定决心参赛。故选C。
37.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段I didn’t d either well. He later infrmed me that I was ＂nt athletic＂可知，作者提到7年级的事情是为了证明自己真的没有运动天赋。故选C。
38.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第10段I was ne f the final runners t finish. But I finished! And I gt a medal. In fact, I gt the same medal as the ne that the guy wh came in first place had. 可知，作者坚持到了最后，而且得到了一块奖牌，虽然不是第一名，由此可见他成功地跑完了马拉松。故选A。
39.B 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在讲述自己跑马拉松的经历，再根据最后一段Determined t be myself, mve frward, free f shame and wrldly labels(世俗标签), I can nw call myself a ＂marathn winner＂. 可知，作者成功跑完马拉松源于自己的意志。故选B。
Passage 3
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者和朋友原想参观McNay博物馆，到了之后参观的时候，发现很多人奇怪的看着她，最后才发现自己误将一个私人住宅当成McNay博物馆。30年后，一位女士认出误撞入自己住宅的作者，指出正是因为作者的误撞入才让她意识到自己住的地方有多么美丽。
41.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段When I was 17, I read a magazine article abut a museum called the McNay, nce the hme f a waterclrist named Marian McNay.可知，Marian McNay是一名水彩画家。故选A。
42.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段"May I help yu?" a man asked. "N, "I said. "We're fine.” Tur guides gt n my nerves.可知，导游令作者心烦，作者误认为屋子里的男人是位导游。故选D。
44.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者着墨点主要在叙述参观误当成McNay博物馆的私人住宅上，故这才是文章的重心，所以将真正的McNay博物馆叙述一带而过。故选D。
45.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Befre yu came ver, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in.可知，在作者未造访她家之前，这位女士从未意识到自己住的地方多么美丽，从而可以推断出，人们往往对周围的美而不见。故选C。
Passage 4
【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记，主要介绍了Charles Dickens在英国小说方面的重要贡献和深远影响。在他200年诞辰之际，让我们永远记住这位对文学艺术做出重大贡献的小说家。
21.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段对当时情况的描写nbdy wanted t d it prfessinally. The steam-pwered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy（识字）rate in England was under 50%. Many wrks f fictin appeared withut the names f the authrs... Nvels, fr the mst part, were lked upn as silly, immral, r just plain bad.印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，作品上没有作者名字，小说被认为是愚蠢的不正常的，毫无价值可言。故选C。
22.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged.和列举的Charles Dickens小说的影响可知，把他和Mna Lisa相比是为了说明Charles Dickens在英国小说方面的重要性和Mna Lisa在绘画方面的重要性是一样的，故选D。
23.A 【解析】写作意图题。根据文中对Charles Dickens及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文章
最后But as the 200th anniversary f his birth appraches, it is pssible — and imprtant fr ur wn
culture—t understand hw he made himself a lasting ne.可知本文是写于Charles Dickens诞辰200周
年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选A。
题组二
Passage1
【文章大意】救助小动物并没有那么简单，因为你所做的救助行为到最后可能都成了无用功。但无论结果怎样，救助小动物的这种行为是美好的。本文主要介绍了作者救助一只小猫头鹰，给它做新的窝，帮助它回到父母身边的故事。
24.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的Trying t help injured, displaced r sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain.可知救助受伤的、流离失所的、生病的动物是令人心碎的，因为我们不知道救助的动物是否能活下去，也就是说我们为救助动物而花费的努力可能会白费，这是不可避免的。故选A。
26.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed dwn可知在作者把小猫头鹰放在窝里之后，它很快就安静下来，所以是窝让小猫头鹰安静下来的。故选A。
27.B 【解析】观点态度题。根据前文描述可知作者为小猫头鹰做了窝，并且帮助它找回了它的父母，小猫头鹰的父母还为它带回了午餐，作者的救助成功了，说明结局是美好的。再结合第一段的Hwever, when it wrks, it is simply beautiful.可推测，作者感觉很美好。故选B。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与Paul Newman之间的深厚友情。当制片人不想让我参演电影时，Paul Newman站出来为我说话，两人因此而建立了深厚的友谊。在此后的很多年里，两人一直相互扶持，相互鼓励，因此两人的深厚友情维系了很多年。
24.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据＂When the studi didn’t want me fr the film— it wanted smebdy as well
knwn as Paul＂可知，作者当时还不是很有名。故选C。
25.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据＂Bth f us had the qualities and virtues that are typical f American actrs:
humrus, aggressive, and making fun f each ther— but always with an underlying affectin. Thse were als at the cre （核心）f ur relatinship ff the screen＂可知，作者与Paul之间有着相似的性格特征。故选D。
26.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据＂We shared the brief that if yu’re frtunate enugh t have success, yu shuld
put smething back＂，我们都有这个信仰：如果你有幸获得成功，你应该有所回馈。下文＂he with his Newman’s Own fd and his Hle in the Wall camps fr kids wh are seriusly ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival＂是作者举的例子，因此＂sharing that brught us tgether.＂that指代前面提到的信仰。故选A。
27.B 【解析】写作意图题。根据＂I last saw him a few mnths ag. He’d been in and ut f the hspital. He and
I bth knew what the deal was, and we didn’t talk abut it＂可知Paul已经去世了，再结合前文＂I first met Paul Newman in 1968＂，可推断作者非常怀念这位朋友。故选B。
Passage3
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一家具有75年历史的剧院因为不利的地理位置和现代剧院的竞争而被转售的故事。
24.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据首段的最后两句可知，这次散场后的清理工作与之前不同的是工人不仅清理走了垃圾，而且还挪走了座椅和剧院的其他设备，因为剧院已经被转卖出去了。
27.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的＂mst f the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting t say gd-bye t the ld building＂可知，人们非常难过，不愿意看到老剧院被拆掉。
Passage4
【文章大意】讲述Taylr Bisbee通过及时的CPR挽救了一位学生的生命。
56.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure.可知Paris是突然的心力衰竭，肯定是心脏问题，故答案为B。
57.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段＂Mst peple dn’t survive this. My team saved my life.＂可知大多数人都没有从这样的疾病中活过来，她的队友们给她进行及时的心脏复苏，以及一系列的救治，把她救了回来，因此她觉得自己很幸运，故选C。
58.B 【解析】推理判断题。Taylr根据自己所学的CPR知识及时挽救了 Paris的生命，虽然犹豫了，但是很快地进行CPR抢救，说明她很勇敢，很镇静，不慌不忙，不像其他孩子那样陷入惊慌之中，故选B。
题组三
Passage1
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者在一次运送造血干细胞途中的一段经历，表现了人们之间的友爱。
29.B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据本段内容 I’ve dne 89 trips和I have 42 hurs t carry stem cells in my little bx以及第二段内容可知作者是运送干细胞的人，也就是delivery man。故选B 。
30. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句I have 42 hurs t carry stem cells in my little bx because I’ve gt tw ice packs and that’s hw lng they last.可知冰盒只能保持42小时适宜的温度。故选D 。
31.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段末句 She arranged fr a flight n a small plane t be held fr me, re-ruted me thrugh Newark 可知，这位好心的女士首先安排作者去Newark的航班。故选 B。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文属于记叙文，作者通过让学生拼装玩具发现并鼓励学生的创造性和想象力。
26.D 【解析】推理判断题。文章第三段第一句中提到的这个男孩在空闲时间拼装这些玩具，而且他的作品堆满了艺术教室的架子，家里的卧室里也有很多。第三段倒数第三句＂Here was an exceptinally creative mind at wrk＂说明他是一个很有想象力和创造性的人。故D项正确。
27.B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据划线单词后一句＂I ran the risk f lsing thse students wh had a different style f thinking.＂可知我冒着失去那些有不同思维方式的学生的危险。说明我的这种教育方法也有不足之处。故划线词意为＂drawback缺点＂。故B正确。
28.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后七段中的对话内容可知作者鼓励孩子们说出最有趣的、有创造性和想象力的梦，并鼓励他们在白天的课堂里把梦的内容做出来。作者这样做的目的就是为了让他们发现自己的创造性和想象力。故A正确。
Passage3
【文章大意】Natalie是一个14岁的孩子，她生活的地方Brklyn遭到了飓风桑迪的袭击，受灾严重。看到人们在帮助家乡重建，Natalie也加入了进去，Natalie创建网站来分享求助信息，帮助捐赠者找到需要的受助者。Natalie的行为得到了社会的认可和表扬。
59.B 【解析】细节理解题。A项未提及；根据第三段＂Natalie’s schl was s damaged that she had t temprarily attend a schl in Brklyn＂可知，学校没有搬走，而是暂时去Brklyn上学，排除C；根据＂peple were suffering, especially the elderly＂排除D；根据＂When they returned t Rckaway the next day, they fund their neighbrhd in ruins.＂可知，他们的街区被飓风毁了，故选B。
60.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段＂In the fllwing few days, the men and wmen helping Rckaway recver inspired Natalie.＂可知，那些帮助Rckaway恢复重建的人给了Natalie鼓舞，故选A。
61.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段＂She created a website page matching survivrs in need with dnrs wh wanted t help.＂可知，Natalie创建了一个网站来分享和匹配求助信息和捐赠信息，故选D。
62.A 【解析】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段＂Her effrts made her a famus persn. Last April, she was invited t the White Huse and hnred as a Hurricane Sandy Champin f Change.＂可知，Natalie的助人行为得到了社会的认可和赞扬，说明小人物也可以有大作为，故选A。
Passage4
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。作者一开始希望自己的儿子能效仿他，完成他没有实现的目标。但是他的儿子学习成绩不理想，只上了技校。一次作者的车坏了，儿子和同学帮助作者修好了车，让作者改变了自己的看法。
43.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段的句子I dubted it, but let him g ahead, fr I had nthing t lse，可知，作者让儿子修车，因为他觉得这不会给他带来损失。故选C。
44.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的句子These kids are happiest when ding repairs. They jke and laugh and are in living in their wn relaxed wrld. And their minds are bright…，可知，在作者眼中，mtrhead是令人兴奋的，聪明的。故选B。
45.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的句子Mst imprtant, I have learned that fathers dn’t need clnes in ftsteps r anywhere else，可知，作者最后意识到期望孩子走自己的道路这是不明智的。故选A。
题组四
Passage1
【文章大意】这是一篇人物故事类记叙文。文中主要讲述他作为校长作为老师，对学生的热爱和关心。
以及对学生的思想和礼貌方面的教育。就人权而言，勇于批评时政，并因此而坐牢。这些方方面面都对孩子们有很大的影响。
1.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话He als encurage us t be friendly和最后一段第
三行didn't like that and put Dr.Ariel Brahman in jailWell I think that is ne brave act…可知。故选B。
2.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后三行He always encurages…t keep n saying…When
facing ther peple's criticism.可知当时我们不受欢迎，差点放弃。是老师的鼓励，才得以坚持下去。故选B。
3.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据短文最后一段第二行。He said smething abut human rights…didn't like that and put Dr. Ariel Brahman in jail可知他鼓励印度尼西亚人民为权利而战。故选B。
Passage2
【文章大意】这是一篇故事类阅读。本文主要讲述了在北威尔士的一个小镇，由于海鸥的袭击，邮递员不得不暂停了邮件的投递。
2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段Yesterday residents f Abergele agreed the seagulls were fearless but said they were angry at lsing their daily pst.可知阿贝尔格莱的居民也承认这里的海鹏是什么都不怕，但是让他们感到很生气的是他们没有及时收到每日的邮报，故选C。
3.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段We put smething n Facebk asking if anyne else had nt had their pst可知因为出现了这种情况，Debbie Rberts才到“脸书”去问其他人是不是也有相同的遭遇，故选A。
4.D 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了在北威尔士的一个小镇，由于海鸥的袭击，邮
递员不得不暂停了邮件的投递，故D项概括了文章的大意，故选D。
Passage3
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲了作者的儿子即将去上大学，作者很不放心，感觉自己很孤独，同时又为自己的儿子感到骄傲。作者明白这是儿子成长道路上的必经之路，也是父子俩不可避免的分离。
1.B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据“Pull yurself tgether!”之后的句子There are parents sending their kids ff t battle znes. Hw dare I feel s shcked and upset?（有父母还把他们的孩子送去战场，我怎么能如此震惊和心烦呢？）由此推断出作者是在安慰自己，高兴起来，故选B。
2.C 【解析】推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段I'm prud that he is charging int the first chapter f his adult life with such cnfidence.可知作者为自己儿子自信的开启成人生活的第一篇章，感到自豪，由此推断出Matthew对他的新生活做好了准备，故选C。
3.D 【解析】推理判断题。通过阅读文章可知，作者的儿子去上大学，作者很不放心，感觉自己很孤独，同时又为自己的儿子感到骄傲，由此推知作者对于儿子上大学，苦乐参半，故选D。
4.A 【解析】主旨大意题。这篇文章讲了作者的儿子即将去上大学，作者很不放心，感觉自己很孤独，同时又为自己的儿子感到骄傲。作者明白这是儿子成长道路上的必经之路，也是父子俩不可避免的分离，故选A。
Passage4
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。经过几次出现在诸如灾难现场、失去亲人的朋友家里等，作者体会到出现产生的巨大力量，因为这不仅帮助了别人，也提高了自己。
1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段末we were greeted with a burst f gratitude (感激)frm the first persn we met….I hadn’t really dne anything yet.可知，我们只是和他们见面，还没有做什么，故选C。
3.D 【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词后一句中His family, playing guitars and singing, allwed him t be present with them as thugh he were still fully alive.可知，当时气氛并不严肃，故选D。
4.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第 4 段中In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing pwer f presence.可知，每次的出现都会产生很大的影响，故选B。
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