最新高考英语考点一遍过（讲义） 考点46 阅读理解应用文

这是一份最新高考英语考点一遍过（讲义） 考点46 阅读理解应用文，共35页。学案主要包含了应用文阅读试题的文体特点，应用文的主要类型，应用文解题技巧点拨等内容，欢迎下载使用。
要求学生重视并充分利用每单元学案、课本上的重点词汇、短语和句型，以及每单元的综合训练，认真对其辨析、总结和归纳，查漏补缺，坚持积累，最重要的是能够在合适的语境中正确、灵活地运用。保证课堂高效。
2、抓课堂、重效率、要求学生紧跟老师的节奏
一轮复习是将重点知识提炼，容量大，速度快。所以，学生的思路必须时时刻刻跟随着老师的思路，要快速地用脑思，用心听、用嘴说，用手写，才能达到高效。
3、抓自习、重过程、增强得分的意识
学案都是在规定的时间内完成，重视规范的做题步骤，重视思考过程。更重要的是，做完题后要对做过的题目进行反思、整理。大量的、甚至可能是枯燥的训练是做题速度和准确度的保证。希望老师要保证所有同学从每套题中都获得最大收获。
4、抓阅读、重反思、全面提高成绩
得阅读者得天下。阅读是强化英语思维的最佳途径之一。一轮复习中，重视基础知识的同时，要坚持阅读训练，促进英语成绩的整体提高。
5、抓时间，重效果，扎实做好每个复习环节
一轮复习时间紧，任务重，需要同学们充分抢抓时间，利用时间，紧跟复习进度。同时，重视复习效果，做到做一件事，有一点收获。英语成绩的进步并非一蹴而就，需要每天坚持把每件事情做扎实。只要做到这一点，成功只是早晚的事！
考点46 阅读理解应用文
高考频度：★★★★★
应用文是最贴近日常生活的文体，它包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简介、商品说明与介绍、新闻报道等，形式多样，题材各异，如图示、表格等。英语《考试说明》对＂读＂的能力要求之一是：要求考生读懂一般性话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中的简短文章并能识别不同文体的特征。研读近年全国各地的高考试题可以看出，应用文是高考阅读理解命题的重要体裁之一。现简要介绍应用文的特点、类型和解题技巧。
一、应用文阅读试题的文体特点
应用文不同于其他文体的文章，其目的是为了向读者传输信息，措辞简洁明了，直截了当.一般说来，应用文英语阅读试题具有以下特点：
1. 选材特点
信息量大，文句精炼，形式灵活，用最少的篇幅表达最大量的信息。
2. 内容特点
生活化，实用化，多样化，如产品宣传、服务介绍、通知、海报、启示、招生招聘等。
3. 形式特点
标题醒目，重点突出，条理清晰，常用粗体字或各类项目符号使文章的结构更鲜明。
4. 语言特点
人名、地名、专有名词多；生词多；缩略词、祈使句、省略句多；结构不完整。
5. 命题特点
主要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查，题目设置相对较容易。
二、应用文的主要类型
应用文的类型主要有：同主题广告，混合型广告，规则、通知、咨询问答、注意事项等，指南，书评、问卷调查、告示、参观须知、申请书、个人简介等。
三、应用文解题技巧点拨
高考应用文阅读理解设题以细节理解题为主，因此，阅读这类文章时，应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，主要注意细节信息。细节题的题干都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性转换等)，因此要找到答案一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较。
做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法可达到事半功倍的效果。
同时，在阅读时也要特别注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括。具体答题策略如下：
1. 先题后文
先读试题，了解试题考点；明确目的，快速捕捉，获取信息。
2. 题干定向
根据题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，按照题目顺序依次而下：问题与材料相同→对号入座；问题与原文相同→同义替换、归纳事实等。学科*网
3. 生词模糊
遇到生词；如与答题无关，直接跳过；涉及答题，则根据语境、构词法等猜词。
4. 信息补全
对于影响理解的省略句，可根据语境，将其补全。
总之，应用文类型的阅读文章一般说来比较易理解，文章类型以广告形式居多，设问根据文章的段落秩序，多以细节事实理解为主，答案的寻找可以根据问题中的关键字顺藤摸瓜，辅以适当的推理判断。了解了应用文的措辞和内容特点，我们在实践中总结出解答应用文试题的关键是：抓信息。
提示：应用文阅读题做完后，不可轻易改答案，要相信第一感觉。因为第一次解题时思路最清晰，假如没十分把握，以不改为好，防止弄巧成拙。
全国高考英语考试说明明确指出，要求考生读懂一般性话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中的简短文章，这说明了应用文文体在高考英语中的重要性。这个特点在历年高考试题中有明显的印证，不管是全国高考卷，还是省区高考卷中基本每年都涉及应用文文体的考查，这充分体现了＂为用而学，学以致用＂的新课程理念。因此，考生很有必要认真研读阅读理解中应用文的特征和命题特点，并掌握一定的解题方法。本文拟结合近年高考英语全国卷阅读理解中所涉及的应用文文体，帮助考生提高阅读理解的解题能力。
应用文是在日常工作和生活中使用的文体，通常以实用性为目的、以真实性为基础、以时效性为根本、以规范性为准则。该文体一般可分为两大类：一类是说明性应用文，包括广告、启事、海报、守则、公告、指南、个人简历、备忘录、摘要等；另一类是叙述性应用文，如书信、日记、便条、报告、请帖等。目的都是向读者传输信息。高考试题主要涉及宣传广告、公告类应用文，偶尔也会有书信类文章出现。从近三年高考全国卷阅读理解中应用文的话题分布情况可知，前一类是应用文命题的首选题材，其中包括广告、海报和指南等。
在高考英语阅读理解中应用文体的考查主要有如下几个特点：
1. 就文体特点而言，应用文主要是为了向读者传递信息，措辞简洁明了，一般来说，和所述问题无关的文字不会出现。例如很多文章没有标题，甚至通篇没有一个完整的句子，而是用词、数字、缩写、短语等来替代。
2. 就选材特点来说，信息量大，文句精练，形式灵活，用最小的篇幅表述最大量的信息。其中书信，招聘和商品销售等广告，交通运输时刻表，日记等的比例较大。其内容特点表现为：生活化，实用化，多样化。
3. 就形式特点而言，标题醒目，重点突出，条理清晰，常用粗体字或各类项目符号使文章结构更鲜明。
4. 就语言特点来说，文章充斥大量冗长而生僻的专有名词，如人名、地名、机构名、组织名、书籍名、作品名等等，而且没有汉语注释。缩略词、祈使句、省略句多。
5. 在行文方式方面，应用文的每种文体都有固定的格式。叙述性应用文采用一般记叙文的写作方法，无特别之处；说明性应用文的行文呈排列式，即以小标题为单位逐一下行排列。
6. 就命题特点来说，高考英语应用文的设问一般是按照文章段落的顺序依次设置，主要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既考查对特定细节的选取、排除、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查，题目设置相对容易。具体讲来主要有四大类：(1)细节理解题，即要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。这一题型常见的命题方式有事实认定题、图形辨认题、数字运算题等。(2)推理判断题。这类题主要考查考生根据文章的字面意思，通过分析语篇的逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题。(3)主旨大意题。该类题主要考查考生对所读材料中心思想的概括.其考查形式有很多，如概括标题、主题、中心思想等。(4)词义猜测题，即要求考生根据一定的上下文猜测生词的词义。
广告类阅读题的五大特点
1. 材料特点：大家知道，刊登广告是要钱的，为了节省费用，人们在拟写广告时往往都希望用最少的篇幅表现最大量的信息，这就决定了广告类材料通常具有以下特点：信息量大，用词简练，形式灵活。
2. 内容特点：综观近几年的高考英语阅读理解题，其中广告类阅读题内容主要涉及的是与人们生活息息相关的信息，如产品宣传、服务介绍、招生招聘等。
3. 形式特点：做广告的主要目的就是要让受众了解并记住广告的内容，并为广告上所刊登的内容(产品或服务等)买单。为了达到这一目的，人们在设计广告时往往会做到：标题醒目，重点突出，条理清楚。
4. 用词特点：广告类阅读材料的用词有＂三多＂特点：一是人名、地名、专有名词多；二是生词多；三是缩略词、省略句多。
5. 命题特点：广告类阅读是近几年高考英语阅读理解最常考的题材，在阅读理解的选材中占有很大的比重。命题者的目的是要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，所以命题的题型多是以获取信息为主的细节理解题。
命题趋势
1. 考点趋势：今后对语篇领悟能力的检测仍是高考的重点和基本点，同时还需关注对主旨大意题和文章结构题的考查。
2. 理解层次趋势：表层意义理解题减少，深层含义理解题增多。考查难度有所增加，由简单寻找信息向多层次细节推理的趋势比较明显。
3. 信息量和词汇量：阅读理解材料信息浓缩，词汇总量减少，但对词汇量的考查在加大，非考纲词汇有所增加(主要为词根加上前、后缀或有词义转化的词)。旨在引导学生掌握词汇的合成、派生和转化，让考生能通过上下文或构词法来理解词汇的含义。《考试说明》中＂根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义＂这一新要求预示对能力要求有所提高。
4. 句子的难度：长句增多，句子难度加大。复合句、省略句、倒装句和插入语等语言现象普遍。
5. 体裁和题材：继续体现体裁和题材多样化，并彰显英语国家语言与文化特点，强化文化意识的渗透。题材涉猎广泛，体现＂语言是文化的载体＂这一理念。
题组一（2018年高考真题）
Passage1(2018·全国新课标卷I，A)
Washingtn, D.C. Bicycle Turs
Cherry Blssm Bike Tur in Washingtn, D.C.
Duratin: 3 hurs
This small grup bike tur is a fantastic way t see the wrld-famus cherry trees with beautiful flwers f Washingtn, D.C. Yur guide will prvide a histry lessn abut the trees and the famus mnuments where they blssm. Reserve yur spt befre availability – and the cherry blssms – disappear!
Washingtn Capital Mnuments Bicycle Tur
Duratin: 3 hurs (4 miles)
Jin a guided bike tur and view sme f the mst ppular mnuments in Washingtn, D.C. Explre the mnuments and memrials n the Natinal Mall as yur guide shares unique facts and histry at each stp. Guided tur includes bike, helmet, ckies and bttled water.
Capital City Bike Tur in Washingtn, D.C.
Duratin: 3 hurs
Mrning r Afternn, this bike tur is the perfect tur fr D.C. newcmers and lcals lking t experience Washingtn, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effrt. Knwledgeable guides will entertain yu with the mst interesting stries abut Presidents, Cngress, memrials, and parks. Cmfrtable bikes and a smth tur rute (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.
Washingtn Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tur
Duratin: 3 hurs (7 miles)
Jin a small grup bike tur fr an evening f explratin in the heart f Washingtn, D.C. Get up clse t the mnuments and memrials as yu bike the sites f Capitl Hill and the Natinal Mall. Frequent stps are made fr pht taking as yur guide ffers unique facts and histry. Tur includes bike, helmet, and bttled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.
21. Which tur d yu need t bk in advance?
A. Cherry Blssm Bike Tur in Washingtn, D.C.
B. Washingtn Capital Mnuments Bicycle Tur.
C. Capital City Bike Tur in Washingtn, D.C.
D. Washingtn Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tur.
22. What will yu d n the Capital City Bike Tur?
A. Meet famus peple.B. G t a natinal park.
C. Visit well-knwn museums.D. Enjy interesting stries.
23. Which f the fllwing des the bicycle tur at night prvide?
A. City maps.B. Cameras.
C. Meals.D. Safety lights.
Passage2(2018·全国新课标卷II，A)
Summer Activities
Students shuld read the list with their parents/careers, and select tw activities they wuld like t d. Frms will be available in schl and nline fr them t indicate their chices and return t schl. Befre chices are finalised, parents/careers will be asked t sign t cnfirm their child’s chices.
21. Which activity will yu chse if yu want t g camping?
A. OUT. B. WBP. C. CRF. D. POT.
22. What will the students d n Tuesday with Mrs. Wilsn?
A. Travel t Lndn.
B. See a parade and firewrks.
C. Tur central Paris.
D. Visit the WWI battlefields.
23. Hw lng des Ptty abut Ptter last?
A. Tw days. B. Fur days.
C. Five days. D. One week.
Passage3(2018·全国新课标卷III，A)
Welcme t Hlker Hall & Gardens
Visitr Infrmatin
Hw t Get t Hlker
By Car: Fllw brwn signs n A590 frm J36, M6. Apprximate travel times: Windermere-20 minutes, Kendal-25 minutes, Lancaster-45 minutes, Manchester-1 hur 30 minutes.
By Rail: The nearest statin is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains t Carnfrth, Lancaster and Prestn fr cnnectins t majr cities & airprts.
Opening Times
Sunday-Friday (clsed n Saturday)11:00 am-4:00pm, 30th March-2nd Nvember.
Admissin Charges
Hall & GardensGardens
Adults:£12.00£8.00
Grups:£9.00£5.50
Special Events
Prducers’ Market 13th April
Jin us t taste a variety f fresh lcal fd and drinks. Meet the prducers and get sme excellent recipe ideas.
Hlker Garden Festival 30th May
The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great shw f the very best f gardening, making it ne f the mst ppular events in gardening.
Natinal Garden Day 28th August
Hlker nce again pens its gardens in aid f the disadvantaged. Fr just a small dnatin yu can take a tur with ur garden guide.
Winter Market 8th Nvember
This is an event fr all the family. Wander amng a variety f shps selling gifs while enjying a live music shw and nice street entertainment.
21. Hw lng des it prbably take a turist t drive t Hlker frm Manchester?
A.20 minutes.B.25 minutes.C.45 minutes.D.90 minutes.
22.Hw much shuld a member f a tur grup pay t visit t Hall & Gardens?
A.£l2.00.B. £9.00.C. £8.00.D. £5.50.
23.Which event will yu g t if yu want t see a live music shw?
A. Prducers’ Market.B. Hlker Garden Festival.
C. Natinal Garden Day.D. Winter Market.
Passage4(2018·天津卷，A)
Fire Preventin Infrmatin
The University f Adelaide emplys a full-time staff f fire preventin prfessinals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置) systems, fire alarms, and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They als prvide educatinal prgrams n fire safety in the residence halls. Whenever yu mve t a new area, yu shuld lcate the fire alarm pull statins and the tw exits nearest yur rm.
Fire Alarms
The flrs f all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的) fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull statins and pipes. Mst are als equipped with autmatic fire alarm systems cnsisting f heat detectrs, smke detectrs and sprinklers. Fr yur safety, never tamper with(胡乱摆弄) these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead t imprisnment.
Fire Drills
A fire drill will be cnducted in yur residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please d the fllwing:
·Take yur rm key and ID, clse and lck the dr t yur rm.
·Exit immediately frm the nearest emergency exit; d nt use a lift.
·Meet utside f yur residence hall and wait fr further instructins.
Fire Extinguishers
Fire extinguishers are lcated n each flr and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher nly if yu have been trained t d s. Irrespnsible use f a fire extinguisher can create a dangerus situatin fr ther residents and culd result in damage t persnal prperty. Misuse f a fire extinguisher will result in fines.
Smke Detectrs
A smke detectr is n the ceiling in yur rm. Sme buildings als have heat detectrs n the ceilings. D the fllwing t ensure the safe peratin f yur smke detectr:
●If yur smke detectr is wrking prperly, the red light shuld be n. If the red light is nt blinking(闪动), cntact residence hall staff immediately.
●D nt cver r blck yur smke detectr in any way.
●If a smke detectr sets ff an alarm and there is n fire r smke, infrm yur hall staff.
36. What is the main duty f the fire preventin prfessinals?
A. T prvide part-time jbs fr students.
B. T lead the students t the nearest exits.
C. T check and maintain fire preventin equipment.
D. T train teachers t be fire preventin prfessinals.
37. What d the autmatic fire alarm systems include?
A. Pipes and smke detectrs.
B. Smke detectrs and sprinklers.
C. Fire alarm pull statins and pipes.
D. Sprinklers and fire alarm pull statins.
38. In a fire drill, the students shuld ___________.
A. rush quickly t a lift
B. gather at the nearest exit
C. shut the dr and leave at nce
D. wait fr instructins in the hall
39. What d we knw abut the use f fire extinguishers?
A. Using them wrngly results in punishment.
B. Irrespnsible use f them can damage them.
C. Imprper use f them can destry the apartment.
D. Using them withut a trainer present is frbidden.
40. T ensure the safe peratin f the smke detectr, ne shuld_________.
A. cntact the hall staff regularly
B. cver the things that burn easily
C. start the smke detectr in a fire
D. make certain the red light is wrking
题组二（2017年高考真题）
Passage1(2017·全国新课标卷I，A)
Pacific Science Center Guide
◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s Stre
Dn’t frget t stp by Pacific Science Center’s Stre while yu are here t pick up a wnderful science activity r suvenir t remember yur visit. The stre is lcated(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next t the Laser Dme.
◆Hungry?
Our exhibits will feed yur mind, but what abut yur bdy? Our café ffers a cmplete menu f lunch and snack ptins, in additin t seasnal specials. The café is lcated upstairs in Building 1 and is pen daily until ne hur Pacific Science Center clses.
◆Rental Infrmatin
Lckers are available t stre any belngs during yur visit. The lckers are lcated in Building 1 near the Infrmatin Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available t rent at the Infrmatin Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.
◆Supprt Pacific Science Center
Since 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passin(热情) fr discvery and lifelng learning in science, math and technlgy. Tday, Pacific Science Center serves mre than 1.3 millin peple a year and brings inquiry-based science educatin t classrms and cmmunity events all ver Washingtn State. It’s an amazing accmplishment and ne we cannt achieve withut generus supprt frm individuals, crpratins, and ther scial rganizatins. Visit pacificsciencecenter.rg t find varius ways yu can supprt Pacific Science Center.
21. Where can yu buy a suvenir at Pacific Science Center?
A. In Building 1.
B. In Building 3.
C. At the Laser Dme.
D. At the Denny Way entrance.
22. What des Pacific Science Center d fr schls?
A. Train science teachers.
B. Distribute science bks.
C. Inspire scientific research.
D. Take science t the classrm.
23. What is the purpse f the last part f the text?
A. T encurage dnatins.
B. T advertise cming events.
C. T intrduce special exhibits.
D. T tell abut the Center’s histry.
Passage2(2017·全国新课标卷II，A )
In the cming mnths, we are bringing tgether artists frm all ver the glbe, t enjy speaking Shakespeare’s plays in their wn language, in ur glbe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrte fr. please cme and jin us.
Natinal Theatre Of China Beijing|Chinese
This great ccasin(盛会) will be the natinal Theatre f China’s first visit t the UK. The cmpany’s prductins shw the new face f 21st century Chinese theatre. This prductin f Shakespeare’s Richard = 3 \* ROMAN III will be directed by the Natinal’s Assciate Directr, Wang Xiaying.
Date &Time: Saturday 28 April,2.30pm&Sunday 29 April,1.30pm&6.30pm
Marjanishvili Theatre Tbilisi |Gergian
One f the mst famus theatres in Gergia, the Marjanishvili, funded in 1928,appears regularly at theatre festivals all ver the wrld. This new prductin f As Yu Like It is helmed（指导）by the cmpany’s Artistic Directr Levan Tsuladze.
Date & Time : Friday 18May,2.30pm&Saturday 19May,7.30pm
Deafinitely Theatre Lndn | British Sign Language （BSL）
By translating the rich and humurus text f Lve’s Labur’s Lst int the physical language f BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretatin f Shakespeare’s cmedy and aims t build a bridge between deaf and hearing wrlds by perfrming t bth grups as ne audience.
Date&Time: Tueaday 22 May,2.30pm&Wednesday 23 May,7.30pm
Habima Natinal Theatre Tel Aviv| Hebrew
The Habima is the centre f Hebrew-language theatre wrldwide, Funded in Mscw after the 1905 revlutin, the cmpany eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s,Since 1958,they have been recgnized as the natinal theatre f Israel. This prductin f Shakespeare’s The Merchant f Venice marks their first visit t the UK.
Date &Time: Mnday 28May,7.30&Tuesday 29 May,7.30pm
21.which play will be perfrmed by the Natinal Theatre f China?
A. Richard Ⅲ.
B. Lver’s Labur’s Lst.
C.As Yu Like It.
D. The merchant f Venice.
22.What is special abut Deafinnitely Theatre?
A. It has tw grups f actrs.
B. It is the leading theatre in Lndn.
C. It perfrms plays in BSL.
D. It is gd at prducing cmedies.
23.When can yu see a play in Hebrew?
A. On Saturday 28Apil.
B. On Sunday 29 April.
C. On Tuesday 22 May.
D. On Tuesday 29 May.
Passage3(2017·全国新课标卷III，A)
San Francisc Fire Engine Turs
San Francisc Winery Tur
Running: February 1st thrugh April 30th
This delicius tur ges thrugh the city n its way t Treasure Island where we will stp at the famus Winery SF. Here yu can enjy 4 purs f sme f the best wine San Francisc has t ffer.(Included in tickets price)
Departing frm the Cannery: Tur times upn request.
Duratin(时长): 2 hurs
Price: $90
Back t the Fifties Tur
Running: August 16th thrugh August 31st
This tur transprts yu back in time t ne f San Francisc’s mst fantastic perids, the 1950s! Enjy fun histry as we take yu thrugh San Francisc fr a free taste f ice cream.
Departing frm the Cannery: 5:00 pm and 7:00 pm
Duratin: 2 hurs
Price: $90
Spky Hallween Tur
Running: Octber 10th thrugh Octber 31st
Jin us fr a ride thrugh the histrical Presidi district. Authentic fire gear(服装) is prvided fr yur warmth as ur entertainers take yu t sme f the mst thrilling parts f San Francisc.
Departing frm the Cannery: 6:30 pm and 8:30 pm
Duratin: 1 hur and 30 minutes
Price: Available upn request
Hliday Lights Tur
Running: December 6th thrugh December 23nd
This attractive tur takes yu t sme f San Francis’s mst cheerful hliday scenes. Authentic fire gear is prvided fr yur warmth as yu get int the hliday spirit.
Departing frm the Cannery: 7:00 pm and 9:00 pm
Duratin: 1 hur and 30 minutes
Advance reservatins required.
21. Which f the turs is available in March?
A. San Francisc Winery Tur.
B. Back t the Fifties Tur.
C. Spky Hallwen Tur.
D. Hliday Lights Tur.
22. What can turists d n Back t the Fifties Turs?
A. G t Treasure Island.
B. Enjy the hliday scenes.
C. Have free ice cream.
D. Visit the Presidi district.
23. What are turists required t d t g n Hliday Lights Tur?
A. Take sme drinks.
B. Set ff early in the mrning.
C. Wear warm clthes.
D. Make reservatins in advance.
Passage4(2017·天津卷，A)
Suppse yu’re in a rush, feeling tired, nt paying attentin t yur screen, and yu send an email that culd get yu in truble.
Realisatin will prbably set in secnds after yu’ve clicked ＂send＂. Yu freeze in hrrr and burn with shame.
What t d? Here are fur cmmn email accidents, and hw t recver.
Clicking ＂send＂ t sn
Dn’t waste yur time trying t find ut if the receiver has read it yet. Write anther email as swiftly as yu can and send it with a brief title explaining that this is the crrect versin and the previus versin shuld be ignred.
Writing the wrng time
The sner yu ntice, the better. Respnd quickly and briefly, aplgising fr yur mistake. Keep the tne measured: dn’t handle it t lightly, as peple can be ffended, especially if yur errr suggests a misunderstanding f their culture(i.e. incrrect rdering f Chinese names).
Clicking ＂reply all＂ unintentinally
Yu accidentally reveal(透露)t the entire cmpany what menu chices yu wuld prefer at the staff Christmas dinner, r what hliday yu’d like t take. In this instance, the best slutin is t send a quick, light-hearted aplgy t explain yur awkwardness. But it can quickly rise t smething wrse, when everyne starts hitting ＂reply all＂ t jin in a lng and unpleasant cnversatin. In this instance, step away frm yur keybard t allw everyne t calm dwn.
Sending an ffensive message t its subject
The mst awkward email mistake is usually cmmitted in anger. Yu write an unkind message abut smene, intending t send it t a friend, but accidentally send it t the persn yu’re discussing. In that case, ask t speak in persn as sn as pssible and say srry. Explain yur frustratins calmly and sensibly—see it as an pprtunity t clear up any difficulties yu may have with this persn.
36. After realising an email accident, yu are likely t feel _______.
A. curius B. tired
C. awful D. funny
37. If yu have written the wrng name in an email, it is best t ________.
A. aplgise in a serius manner
B. tell the receiver t ignre the errr
C. learn t write the name crrectly
D. send a shrt ntice t everyne
38. What shuld yu d when an unpleasant cnversatin is started by yur ＂reply all＂ email?
A. Try ffering ther chices.
B. Avid further invlvement.
C. Meet ther staff members.
D. Make a light-hearted aplgy.
39. Hw shuld yu deal with the prblem caused by an ffensive email?
A. By prmising nt t ffend the receiver again.
B. By seeking supprt frm the receiver’s friends.
C. By asking the receiver t cntrl his anger.
D. By talking t the receiver face t face.
40. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Defining email errrs.
B. Reducing email mistakes.
C. Handling email accidents.
D. Imprving email writing.
题组三（2016年高考真题）
Passage 1(2016•新课标全国卷 = 1 \* ROMAN I，A)
Yu prbably knw wh Marie Curie was, but yu may nt have heard f Rachel Carsn. Of the utstanding ladies listed belw, wh d yu think was the mst imprtant wman f the past 100 years?
Jane Addams(1860—1935)
Anyne wh has ever been helped by a scial wrker has Jane Addams t thank. Addams helped the pr and wrked fr peace. She encuraged a sense f cmmunity(社区) by creating shelters and prmting educatin and services fr peple in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American wman t win the Nbel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carsn(1907—1964)
If it weren’t fr Rachel Carsn, the envirnmental mvement might nt exist tday. Her ppular 1962 bk Silent Spring raised awareness f the dangers f pllutin and the harmful effects f chemicals n humans and n the wrld’s lakes and ceans.
Sandra Day O’Cnnr(1930—present)
When Sandra Day O’Cnnr finished third in her class at Stanfrd Law Schl, in 1952, she culd nt find wrk at a law firm because she was a wman. She became an Arizna state senatr(参议员) and, in 1981, the first wman t jin the U.S. Supreme Curt. O’Cnnr gave the deciding vte in many imprtant cases during her 24 years n the tp curt.
Rsa Parks(1913—2005)
On December 1, 1955, in Mntgmery, Alabama, Rsa Parks wuld nt give up her seat n a bus t a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prisn. But it als set ff the Mntgmery bus byctt. It lasted fr mre than a year, and kicked ff the civil-rights mvement. ＂The nly tired I was, was tired f giving in,＂ said Parks.
21. What is Jane Addams nted fr in histry?
A. Her scial wrk.
B. Her teaching skills.
C. Her effrts t win a prize.
D. Her cmmunity backgrund.
22. What was the reasn fr O’Cnnr’s being rejected by the law firm?
A. Her lack f prper training in law.
B. Her little wrk experience in curt.
C. The discriminatin against wmen.
D. The pr financial cnditins.
23. Wh made a great cntributin t the civil-rights mvement in the U.S.?
A. Jane Addams.
B. Rachel Carsn.
C. Sandra Day O’Cnnr.
D. Rsa Parks.
24. What can we infer abut the wmen mentined in the text?
A. They are highly educated.
B. They are truly creative.
C. They are pineers.
D. They are peace-lvers.
Passage 2(2016•新课标全国卷 = 2 \* ROMAN II，A)
What’s On?
Electric Undergrund
7.30pm–1.00am Free at the Cyclps Theatre
D yu knw wh’s playing in yur area? We’re bringing yu an exciting evening f live rck and pp music frm the best lcal bands. Are yu interested in becming a musician and getting a recrding cntract(合同)? If s， cme early t the talk at 7.30pm by Jules Skye, a successful recrd prducer. He’s ging t talk abut hw yu can find the right persn t prduce yur music.
Gee Whizz
8.30pm–10.30pm Cmedy at Kaleidscpe
Cme and see Gee Whizz perfrm. He’s the funniest stand-up cmedian n the cmedy scene. This jyful shw will please everyne, frm the yungest t the ldest. Gee Whizz really knws hw t make yu laugh! Our bar is pen frm 7.00pm fr drinks and snacks(快餐).
Simn’s Wrkshp
5.00pm–7.30pm Wednesdays at Victria Stage
This is a gd chance fr anyne wh wants t learn hw t d cmedy. The wrkshp lks at every kind f cmedy, and practices many different ways f making peple laugh. Simn is a cmedian and actr wh has 10 years’ experience f teaching cmedy. His wrkshps are exciting and fun. An evening with Simn will give yu the cnfidence t be funny.
Charltte Stne
8.00pm–11.00pm Pizza Wrld
Fine fd with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening ut. Charltte Stne will perfrm sngs frm her new best-selling CD, with James Pickering n the pian. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta(面食). Bk early t get a table. Our bar is pen all day, and serves ccktails, cffee, beer, and white wine.
21. Wh can help yu if yu want t have yur music prduced?
A. Jules Skye.B. Gee Whizz.
C. Charltte Stne.D. James Pickering.
22. At which place can peple f different ages enjy a gd laugh?
A. The Cyclps Theatre.B. Kaleidscpe.
C. Victria Stage.D. Pizza Wrld.
23. What d we knw abut Simn’s Wrkshp?
A. It requires membership status.
B. It lasts three hurs each time.
C. It is run by a cmedy club.
D. It is held every Wednesday
24. When will Charltte Stne perfrm her sngs?
A. 5.00pm–7.30pm.B. 7.30pm–1.00am.
C. 8.00pm–11.00pm.D. 8.30pm–10.30pm.
Passage 3(2016•新课标全国卷 = 3 \* ROMAN III，A)
Music
Opera at Music Hall：1243 Elm Street. The seasn runs June thrugh August, with additinal perfrmances in March and September. The Opera hnrs Enjy the Arts membership discunts. Phne: 241–2742.
Chamber Orchestra: The Orchestra plays at Memrial Hall at 1406 Elm Street, which ffers several cncerts frm March thrugh June. Call 723–1182 fr mre infrmatin.
Symphny Orchestra: At Music Hall and Riverbend. Fr ticket sales, call 381–3300. Regular seasn runs September thrugh May at Music Hall and in summer at Riverbend.
Cllege Cnservatry f Music (CCM): Perfrmances are n the main campus(校园) f the university, usually at Patricia Cbbett Theater. CCM rganizes a variety f events, including perfrmances by the well-knwn Lasalle Quartet, CCM’s Philharmnic Orchestra, and varius grups f musicians presenting Barque thrugh mdern music. Students with I.D. cards can attend the events fr free. A free schedule f events fr each term is available by calling the bx ffice at 556–4183.
Riverbend Music Theater: 6295 Kellgg Ave. Large utdr theater with the clsest seats under cver (price difference). Big name shws all summer lng! Phne:232–6220.
21. Which number shuld yu call if yu want t see an pera?
A. 241–2742. B. 723–1182.
C. 381–3300. D. 232–6220.
22. When can yu g t a cncert by Chamber Orchestra?
A. February. B. May.
C. August. D. Nvember.
23. Where can student g fr free perfrmances with their I.D. cards?
A. Music Hall.
B. Memrial Hall.
C. Patricia Cbbett Theater.
D. Riverbend Music Theater.
24. Hw is Riverbend Music Theater different frm the ther places?
A. It has seats in the pen air.
B. It gives shws all year rund.
C. It ffers membership discunts.
D. It presents famus musical wrks.
Passage 4(2016•天津卷，A)
A Language Prgramme fr Teenagers
Welcme t Teenagers Abrad! We invite yu t jin us n an amazing jurney f language learning.
Our Curses
Regardless f yur chice f curse, yu’ll develp yur language ability bth quickly and effectively.
Our Standard Curse guarantees a significant increase in yur cnfidence in a freign language, with fcused teaching in all 4 skill areas — speaking, listening, reading and writing.
Our Intensive Curse builds n ur Standard Curse, with 10 additinal lessns per week, guaranteeing the fastest pssible language learning (see table belw).
Evaluatin
Students are placed int classes accrding t their current language skills. The majrity f them take an nline language test befre starting their prgramme. Hwever, if this is nt available, students sit the exam n the first Mnday f their curse.
Learning materials are prvided t students thrughut their curse, and there will never be mre than 15 participants in each class.
Arrivals and Transfer
Our prgramme ffers the full package — students are taken gd care f frm the start thrugh t the very end. They are cllected frm the airprt upn arrival and brught t their accmmdatin in cmfrt. We require the student’s full flight details at least 4 weeks in advance.
Meals/Allergies(过敏)/Special Dietary Requirements
Students are prvided with breakfast, dinner and either a cked r packed lunch(which cnsists f a sandwich, a drink and a dessert). Snacks utside f mealtimes may be purchased by the student individually.
We ask that yu let us knw f any allergies r dietary requirements as well as infrmatin abut any medicines yu take. Depending n the type f allergies and/r dietary requirements, an extra charge may be made fr prviding special fd.
36. Hw des Intensive Curse differ frm Standard Curse?
A. It is less effective.
B. It fcuses n speaking.
C. It includes extra lessns.
D. It gives yu cnfidence.
37. When can a student attend Standard Curse?
A. 13:00—14:30 Mnday.
B. 9:00—12:30 Tuesday.
C. 13:00—14:30 Friday.
D. 9:00—12:30 Saturday.
38. Befre starting their prgramme, students are expected t ____________.
A. take a language test
B. have an nline interview
C. prepare learning materials
D. reprt their language levels
39. With the full package, the prgramme rganizer is suppsed t___________.
A. infrm students f their full flight details
B. lk after students thrughut the prgramme
C. ffer students free sightseeing trips
D. cllect students’ luggage in advance
40. Which f the fllwing may require an extra payment?
A. Cked dinner. B. Mealtime dessert.
C. Packed lunch. D. Special diet.
题组四（名校模拟题）
Passage 1(辽宁省大连八中2019届高三上学期统练二英语试题)
As a leading Chinese language schl and a cultural exchange Institute in China, Glbal Exchange Educatin Center has been prviding Mandarin language curses and cultural exchange prgrams fr a decade.
Hw t apply fr ur prgrams
■ In rder t apply fr all f ur prgrams, yu must be
at least 18 years ld.
in gd health.
a senir high schl graduate.
■ Applicatin Prcedure fr Chinese Language Prgrams
Step 1. Send us a cmpleted applicatin frm by email r fax.
Step 2. Send us $ 60 applicatin fee after receiving ur email cnfirmatin.
Step 3. Arrange the payment transfer.
Step 4. Plan the trip t Beijing.
■Applicatin Prcedure fr Chinese Business Internship (实习) Prgram
Step 1. Send us a cmpleted applicatin frm with yur CV and persnal statement fr the prgram by email r fax.
Step 2. Send us $ 310，including $ 60 applicatin fee and $ 250 internship placement depsit, after receiving ur letter f acceptance fr the prgram.
Step 3. Arrange final payment transfer after receiving ur secnd cnfirmatin.
Step 4. Plan the trip t Beijing.
■ Persnal Statement fr applicants fr Chinese Business Internship Prgram
Yu shuld state why yu want t take this prgram and what yur expectatins f the prgram are. Hw yu will make use f this prgram in yur future career.
■Applicatin Deadlines
The applicatins fr mst prgrams are reviewed n a rlling basis. Yu are encuraged t submit yur applicatin ahead f the applicatin deadlines.
■Cnfirmatin
Having received yur applicatin. Glbal Exchange Educatin Center usually sends ut an email cnfirmatin fr the bking within 2-5 wrking days. Please click here fr mre infrmatin.
1.The text is prbably written fr ________.
A. junir high graduates B. language trainers
C. jb seekers D. internatinal students
2.If yu apply fr bth f the prgrams, the ttal applicatin fees will be ________.
A. $310 B. $120
C. $250 D. $370
3.Where can yu pssibly read this passage?
A. pster B. internet
C. brchure D. news reprt
Passage 2(广东省肇庆市2019届高三第一次统测试题)
Want t chse a picture bk t enjy? Here are fur ppular bks sld n the website f Amazn, Read and chse yur favurite.
The Relatives Came by Cynthia Rylant
S many beautiful memries are cllected when relatives cme t visit. Jin in the fun as a family gets tgether fr a summer they will never frget. Warm and inviting language as well as wnderful pictures brings the stry f this family’s summer get-tgether t life.
Available frm Amazn. S11. 26
Jabari Jumps by Gaia Crnwall
Yu knw that feeling when yu're as excited as yu are scared t make a jump. That's hw Jabari feels abut his first jump ff the diving bard. He knws hw t swim. He knws jumping ff surely lks fun. But is he brave enugh t make a jump? With sme gentle encuragement frm his lving father, Jabari jumps.
Available frm Amazn. $5.56
There Might Be Lbsters by Carlyn Crimi
Meet Suki. She's a small dg with a big fear f the beach. When a rescue is in rder, Suki saves the day prving that there's nthing t fear but fear itself. It is a perfect picture bk fr kids wh are afraid t try new experiences. It pens the dr t calming dialgues and messages f bravery and victry.
Available frm Amazn. $11.84
Three Little Wrds by Amy Nvesky
Dry's "Just keep swimming!" message f never giving up is perfect fr anyne wh has ever felt like they were drwning. Fllw Dry t an unfrgettable adventure as she finds her way in this beautiful adventure f friendship and survival.
Available frm Amazn. $12.061
1.What d we knw abut The Relatives Came?
A. It tells a stry f adventure.
B. It is the cheapest picture bk.
C. It's abut a by's memries.
D. It's abut a family get-tgether.
2.Which bk tells hw t vercme fears by helping thers?
A. The Relatives Came.
B. Jabari Jumps.
C. There Might Be Lbsters.
D. Three Little Wrds.
3.What des the bk by Amy Nvesky inspire its readers t d?
A. Learn t swim.
B. Never give up.
C. Lve their friends.
D. Have an adventure.
Passage 3(2017届山西省孝义市高三下学期高考考前质量检测三)
Leeds Library Calendar
Mnday 10 April 18:00-20:00
Leeds Centre fr Victrian Studies — The Gtt cllectin and the Yrkshire Landscape.
Nicle Harding talks abutte Gtt cllectin.
Admissin: FREE
Saturday 6 May 13:00-15:30
Members’ Film Club: The Best Actr and Actress Seasn
There Will Be Bld(15) 158 mins.
Daniel Plainview (Day Lewis) is a dwn-and-ut silver miner wh strikes it rich and becmes an il tycn. When he learns f a small il-rich twn in Califrnis, he mves there with his adpted sn. Using his sn t prject the image f a caring family man, Plainview gains the cperatin f almst all the lcals in the twn, with prmises t help develp their cmmunity but ver time, Plainview’s gradual accumulatin f wealth and pwer causes his true self t surface.
Admissin: €3(including a glass f wine).
T bk please click here.
Wednesday 17 May 18:00-20:00
Member’s Film Club: The Best Actr and Actress Seasn
Brn Yesterday (PG) 116 mins.
Judy Hlliday plays Billie Dawn, the dumb blnde girlfriend f Harry Brk (Brderick Crawfrd), a crrupt millinaire junk dealer. Brck, a man with scial ambitins, is embarrassed by Billie’s rube behavir, s he arranges fr her t take a crash curse in culture frm a handsme, yung jurnalist (Willian Hlden). Billie learns really quickly under his kind guide and becmes increasingly aware f her rle in Brck’s business deals.
Admissin: €3(including a glass f wine).
T bk please click here.
Thursday 8 June 18:00-20:30
Big Bk End Event: In Cnversatin With Candace Rbb and Chris Nicksn
Histrian and histrical crime fictin authr, Candace Rbb will be in cnversatin with histrical crime fictin authr, Chris Nicksn n Thurs 8 June, 7 p.m. at the Leeds Library.
Admissin: €3
T bk please click here.
1.What film will be shwn n 6th May?
A. Judy Hlliday.B.A Glass f Wine.
C. There Will Be Bld.D. Brn Yesterday.
2.What d we knw abut Billie Dawn frm Brn Yesterday?
A. She is embarrassed by he bad manners.
B. She realizes what t be expected f her.
C. She cntributes t her family business.
D. She admires her curse teacher.
3.Wh will attend Big Bk End Event at the Leeds Library?
A. Candace Rbb.B. William Hlden.
C. Daniel Plainview.D. Brderick Crawfrd.
Passage 4(山西省吕梁市2018届高三阶段性测试)
A gd bk is indeed the best friend sf a persn. The same ges fr utstanding CEOs f wrld recgnized cmpanies as well. Let’s have a lk at the favrite bks f sme f the wrld-famus CEOs f the glbe.
Micrsft CEO(Frmer)-Bill Gates, The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger
A few themes explred in the nvel are rebellin（叛逆）, anxiety and cnfusin. It acknwledges that yung peple are a little cnfused, but can be smart abut things and see things that adults dn’t really see. Gates said, “ I didn’t actually read The Catcher in the Rye until I was 13, and ever since then I’ve said that’s my favrite bk.”
OWN CEO-Oprah Winfrey, T Kill a Mckingbird by Harper Lee
This bk talks abut hw a little girl bserves the peple arund her. Winfrey said, “I read it in eighth r ninth grade, and I was trying t recmmend the bk t ther kids. S it makes sense t me that nw I have a bk club, because I have been ding that prbably since I read this bk.”
Apple CEO-Tim Ck, Cmpeting A gainst Time by Gerge Stalk Jr. And Thmas M. Hut
This bk is based n 10 years f precius research dne by the authrs. It talks abut hw newer cncepts f managing time in new prduct develpment, prductin and sales and distributin prvide cmpanies with the edge t succeed in this highly cmpetitive wrld.
1.Which may be chsen by parents t learn abut kids disbeying rules?
A. Cmpeting A gainst Time.
B. The Catcher in the Rye.
C. Naplen.
D. T Kill a Mckingbird.
2.Wh enjys reading the life stry f a great persn?
A. Tim Ck.
B. Bill Gates.
C. Larry Ellisn.
D. Oprah Winfrey.
3.What can be inferred frm Winfrey’s wrds?
A. She lved reading when yung.
B. She read the bk with ther kids.
C. The bk has an influence n her career.
D. The bk is abut a girl’s thughts.
题组一
Passage1
【文章大意】本文是一篇广告应用文。文章介绍了骑自行车到Washingtn, D.C.旅游的四种路线的相关行程及注意事项。
22.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章Capital City Bike Tur in Washingtn, D.C.中的Knwledgeable guides will entertain yu with the mst interesting stries abut Presidents, Cngress, memrials, and parks.可知，在这个活动中，你可以享受有趣的故事。故选D。
23.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章Washingtn Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tur中的All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.可知，所有骑行者都要装备反光背心和安全手电筒。故选D。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文是一篇广告布告类说明文。文中讲述了家长和孩子一起挑选可以参加的活动。文中分别对这些活动的名称，活动内容，活动特色和活动组织工作人员还有活动的价格进行了详细的描述。
21.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的g camping，我们可以迅速浏览到第一个活动当中的wild camping (野外露营)这个关键信息。故选A。
23.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的信息Ptty abut Ptter last我们从最后一种活动来寻找答案。关键信息vernight意为“一夜的逗留”。故这个活动是持续两天。故选A。学科*网
Passage 3
【文章大意】文章为旅游指南。文章主要介绍了去Hlker Hall& Garden 旅游的相关信息，如：出行方式，开放时间，旅行费用以及主要活动等。
21.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段Hw t Get t Hlker中By car里Apprximate travel times后面内容可知，从Manchester到Hlker要用1 hur and 30 minutes，即90分钟，故选D。
22.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据Admissin Charges可知，团体中的一员去Hall & Gardens 需要支付9英镑。故选B。
23.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Winter Market中最后一句Wander amng a variety f shps selling gifts while enjying a live music shw and nice street entertainment.可知，如果想去看现场表演需要去Winter Market。故选D。
Passage 4
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从火警、消防训练、灭火器和烟雾探测器的使用等方面介绍了一些防火信息。
36.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置）systems fire alarms and fire extinguishers (灭火器).可知，专职消防人员主要职责是检查、测试和维护所有的校园建筑物防火装备。故选C。
37.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章Fire Alarms中的句子Mst are als equipped with autmatic fire alarm systems cnsisting heat detectrs, smke detectrs and sprinklers.可知，火灾自动报警系统由热探测器、烟雾探测器和喷头组成。故选B。
39.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章Fire Extinguishers中的句子Misuse f a fire extinguisher will result in fines.可知，误用灭火器会导致罚款。故选A。
40.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章Smke Detectr中的句子If yur smke detectr is wrking prperly, the red light shuld be n. If the red light is nt blinking（闪动），cntact residence hall staff immediately.可知，烟雾探测器是否安全运行，看红灯是否闪动。故选D。
题组二
Passage1
【文章大意】本文主要从购物点、就餐点、租借服务三方面介绍了Pacific Science Center，并展示了Pacific Science Center为人们做的贡献，呼吁人们的支持。
21.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的The stre is lcated(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next t the Laser Dme.可知Pacific Science Center的购物点在Laser Dme旁边的3号楼的楼上。故选B。
22.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的Tday Pacific Science Center serves mre than 1.3 millin peple a year and brings inquiry-based science educatin t classrms and cmmunity events all ver Washingtn State可知现在Pacific Science Center每年向130多万人提供服务，并开始把科学教育带到教室。故选D。
23.A 【解析】目的意图题。根据文章最后一段中的Visit pacificsciencecenter.rg t find varius ways yu can supprt Pacific Science Center.可知作者呼吁读者支持Pacific Science Center，也就是鼓励人们为之提供帮助、做贡献。故选A。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了莎士比亚的戏剧被翻译成几个国家的语言，并将在这些国家的大剧院上映的有关情况。
A 【解析】细节理解题。根据＂This great ccasin(盛会) will be the natinal Theatre f China’s first visit t
the UK .以及This prductin f Shakespeare’s Richard III will be directed by the Natinal’s
Assciate Directr,Wang Xiaying＂，可知Richard III将要在中国国家大剧院上映。故选A。
23.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据＂Date&Time:Mnday 28May,7.30&Tuesday 29 May,7.30pm＂可知，可
以在5月29日，星期二这一天，在希伯来观看戏剧。故选D。
Passage3
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国旧金山的四个旅游活动和路线。
21.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一则广告中的＂Running: February 1st thrugh April 30th＂可知，这个旅游活动是从2月份持续到4月份。
22.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二则广告中的＂Enjy fun histry as we take yu thrugh San Francisc fr a free taste f ice cream＂ 可知，在活动中人们可以享受到免费的冰激凌。
23.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一个活动中的 ＂Advance reservatins required＂可知，参加Hliday Lights Tur需要人们提前预约。
Passage4
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，介绍了因为失误而发错信息的补救方法。
36. C 【解析】根据第二段第二句Yu freeze in hrrr and burn with shame.可知选C。
37. A 【解析】根据第二个标题句Writing the wrng time后面的内容Respnd quickly and briefly, aplgising fr yur mistake. Keep the tne measured: dn’t handle it t lightly, as peple can be ffended, especially if yur errr suggests a misunderstanding f their culture (i.e. incrrect rdering f Chinese names). 可知选A。
38.B 【解析】根据倒数第二段最后一句In this instance, step away frm yur keybard t allw everyne t calm dwn可知选B。
39.D 【解析】根据最后一段中的In that case, ask t speak in persn as sn as pssible and say srry可知选D。
40.C 【解析】前三段内容通过问问题和说明情况，并介绍处理邮件问题的具体方法，由此可以判断出本文主要讲的是处理邮件问题。故选C。
题组三
Passage1
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了几位著名的女性，她们在各自的领域作出了非凡的贡献。
21. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段首句可知她是一位社会工作者，而且获得诺贝尔和平奖。故选A。
24. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章对这几个人物的介绍可知，这些女性都是在各自的领域为社会做出贡献的先驱。故选C。
【技巧点拨 】细节理解题的解题思路：可以先从问题中抓住关键性词语(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。
Passage2
【文章大意】本文属于广告类阅读，分别介绍了四则广告Electric Undergrund、Gee Whizz、Simn’s Wrkshp、Charltte Stne的具体内容及细节信息。整篇文章难度较小。
21.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一则广告最后一句He’s ging t talk abut hw yu can find the right persn t prduce yur music可知Jules Skye可以教你如何制作音乐。那么如果你想做你自己的音乐，你就可以去找他。故A正确。
22.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二则广告第三句This jyful shw will please everyne, frm the yungest t the ldest可知，这场表演能够让所有年龄段的人都开心，而该表演的场所在Kaleidscpe。故B正确。
23.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三则广告第二行中的＂5.00 pm–7.30pm Wednesdays at Victria Stage＂可知Simn’s Wrkshp的表演是在每周三下午5点至7点30之间进行。故D项正确。
24.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四则广告中的＂8.00pm–11.00pm Pizza Wrld＂可知Charltte Stne将在晚上8点至11点之间表演她最受欢迎的歌曲。故C项正确。
【名师点睛】
本文属于广告类短文，所考查的四题均为细节理解题中的直接信息题。细节理解题主要考查考生对文章中某些细节或重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语意理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。这种题难度低，只要考生读懂文章，就能得分，属于低层次题。
做此类题时可以使用定位法与跳读法。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。
以第22小题为例，我们根据题干中的＂peple f different ages enjy a gd laugh(所有年龄段的人都能够看得很开心)＂直接定位第二则广告第三句＂This jyful shw will please everyne, frm the yungest t the ldest＂可知这场表演能够让所有年龄段的人都很开心，故选择B项。
Passage3
【文章大意】文章是一篇广告类短文。共介绍了五个与音乐有关的活动，包括举办的地点，举办时间，活动内容和联系方式等。
23.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据with their I.D. cards定位到第四个活动中的＂Students with I.D. cards can attend the events fr free.＂和 usually at Patricia Cbbett Theater可知答案，故选C。
24.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据Riverbend Music Theater定位到最后一个活动，根据＂Large utdr theater with the clsest seats＂可知，Riverbend Music Theater是一个露天剧院，不同的座位，其价格也是不同的，由此可知，Riverbend Music Theater的座位是在室外的；根据＂all summer lng＂排除B；C项和D项在最后一个活动中没被提到。故选A。
【名师点睛】
阅读理解中细节理解题的干扰项的设置有以下几个原则：
1. 包含项原则
在答案选项分析中，假如对A选项的理解概括了对其他三项 (或其中某一项)的理解，那么我们就说选项A与其他三项是包含或概括关系，包含项A往往就是正确答案。如在＂花＂与＂玫瑰＂两个选项中，正确答案肯定是＂花＂，花包含了玫瑰。
2. 正反项原则
所谓正反项，是指两选项陈述的命题完全相矛盾。两个相互矛盾的陈述不能都是假的，其中必有一真。所以在阅读理解中，假如四个选项中A、B互为正反项，那我们通常先排除C、D项，正确答案一般在A、B项当中。
3. 委婉项原则
所谓委婉，这里是指说话不能说死，要留有余地。阅读理解选项中语气平和、委婉的往往是正确答案。这些选项一般含有不十分肯定或试探性语气的表达，如：prbably，pssibly， may，usually，might， mst f， mre r less，relatively，be likely t，nt necessary，althugh，yet，in additin，tend t，be liable t等等，而含有绝对语气的表达往往不是正确答案，如：must，always，never，all，every，any，merely， nly，cmpletely，nne，hardly，already等等。
4. 同形项原则
命题者往往先将正确答案设置在一个大命题范围中，然后通过语言形式的细微变化来考查考生的理解能力与分析能力。同形项原则告诉我们：词汇与句法结构相似的选项中有正确答案的存在。
5. 常识项原则
在议论文当中，那些符合一般常识、意义深刻富有哲理、符合一般规律、属于普遍现象的选项往往是正确答案。
6. 因果项原则
阅读理解的逻辑推理基本都是通过因果链进行的，前因后果，一步步循序渐进。然而，在推理题型的选项中，有的选项会推理不到位(止于前因)，或者推理过头(止于后果)，这就是所谓的干扰项。因果项原则规定：假如四个选项中有两项互为同一事物推理过程中的因果关系，那么正确答案就是这两个因果项中的其中之一。如果因项可以产生几个结果，那么答案就是因项；如果果项可以对应几个原因，那么答案就是果项。
Passage4
【文章大意】这是一则广告。介绍一个语言学习课程的课程设置以及学习、生活方面的要求。
37.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据表格的第二行可知，学生可以在星期二的9点到12点半参加标准课程。故选B。
38.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据Evaluatin这段的句子The majrity f them take an nline language test可知，在开始课程之前，学生需要参加一个语言考试。故选A。
39.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据Arrivals and Transfer这部分里面的第一句可知，如果是full package，课程的组织者应该在整个课程的过程中照顾学生。故选B。
40.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句话可知，特殊的饮食可能要额外付款。故选D。
【名师点睛】这是一篇广告布告类阅读理解，这种题目一般是比较简单的，以考查细节题为主。可以使用信息筛选法做题。为了节省时间，可以用先看题目，带着题目在文中寻读的方法找到信息句，理解并找出正确答案。
题组四
Passage1
【文章大意】本文是一则广告，介绍了Glbal Exchange Educatin Center为国际学生提供的普通话课程和文化交流项目的具体信息，包括申请步骤、缴费等信息。
2.B 【解析】数字计算题。根据“Step 2. Send us $ 310，including $ 60 applicatin fee and $ 250 internship placement depsit, after receiving ur letter f acceptance fr the prgram.”可知真正的申请费用是$ 60，两个项目是$ 120。故B项正确。
3.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一句“Please click here fr mre infrmatin.请点击这里获取更多信息”，其中“click”是网页上常见的链接词汇，故B项正确。学科*网
Passage 2
【文章大意】本文是一篇广告，介绍了亚马逊网站上销售的四本畅销书籍的内容、意义和价格。
1.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据The Relatives Came by Cynthia Rylant中Jin in the fun as a family gets tgether fr a summer they will never frget.和……brings the stry f this family’s summer get-tgether t life.可知这本书描写了家庭团聚的美好，是关于家庭团聚的。故选D。
2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据There Might Be Lbsters by Carlyn Crimi中It is a perfect picture bk fr kids wh are afraid t try new experiences. It pens the dr t calming dialgues and messages f bravery and victry.可知这本书能够帮助孩子们克服恐惧，变得勇敢去取得胜利。故选C。
3.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据Three Little Wrds by Amy Nvesky中Dry's" Just keep swimming!" message f never giving up可知这本书给读者们传递了永不放弃的信息，鼓励读者们不要放弃。故选B。
Passage3
【文章大意】本文为一则广告，介绍了四月份到六月份在Leeds Library要进行的四个活动。
1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段可知6 May 要上映There Will Be Bld，故选C。
2.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第三句话Billie learns really quickly under his kind guide and becmes increasingly aware f her rle in Brck’s business deals.可知Billie越来越意识到她被期待做的事，故选B。
3.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段Histrian and histrical crime fictin authr, Candace Rbb will be in cnversatin with histrical crime fictin authr, Chris Nicksn n Thurs 8 June, 7 p.m. at the Leeds Library.可知Candace Rbb将要在Leeds Library出席Big Bk End Event，故选A。
Passage4
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了世界著名的CEO喜欢读的一些书。
3.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中S it makes sense t me that nw I have a bk club, because I have been ding that prbably since I read this bk.可知，从Winfrey的话语中可以推断出这本书对她的事业有影响。故选C。
Activity
Descriptin
Member f staff
Cst
Outdr Adventure (OUT)
Take yurself ut f yur cmfrt zne fr a week, discver new persnal qualities, and learn new skills. Yu will be able t take part in a number f activities frm caneing t wild camping n Dartmr. Learn rck climbing and wrk as a team, and enjy the great utdr envirnment.
Mr. Clemens
£140
WWI Battlefields
and Paris
(WBP)
On Mnday we travel t Lndn. After staying vernight in Lndn, we travel n Day 2 t nrthern France t visit the Wrld War I battlefields. On Day 3 we crss int Belgium. Thursday sees us make the shrt jurney t Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park, staying until late t see the parade and the firewrks. Our final day, Friday, sees us visit central Paris and tur the main sights.
Mrs. Milsn
£425
Crafty
Fxes
(CRF)
Fur days f prduct design centred arund textiles. Making lvely bjects using recycled and made materials. Bags, cushins and skills and leave with mdern and unusual textiles.
Mrs. Gde
£30
Ptty abut Ptter
(POT)
Visit Warner Brs Studi, shp stp t buy picnic, stay vernight in an apprved Yuth Hstel in Streatley-n -Thames, guided tur f Oxfrd t see the film lcatins, picnic lunch utside Oxfrd’s Christchurch, bating n the River Cherwell thrugh the University Parks, befre heading back t Exeter.
Miss Drake
£150
Curse Type
Days
Number f Lessns
Curse Timetable
Standard Curse
Mn－Fri
20 lessns
9:00—12:30
Intensive Curse
Mn－Fri
20 lessns
9:00—12:30
10 lessns
13:00—14:30