江苏省南通市海安市2024届高三下学期期初学业质量监测英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份江苏省南通市海安市2024届高三下学期期初学业质量监测英语试卷(含答案)，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Frm: Bridget Peclini
T: Ansn Wng
Re: Questins abut nline math cntest
Date: February 18, 2024
Dear Mr. Wng,
Thank yu fr yur email. We’re s glad yur child is signed up t participate in ur math cntest. I hpe it will be a rewarding and enriching experience fr him.
Yu can access the training sessin and practice tests by lgging int ur website at www. mathcntest.cm. Once yu’re signed in, yu will see several tabs n the left-hand side.
One f them will say “Enrlled.” If yu click n the drp-dwn menu there, yu’ll find the name f the child yu registered. If yu click n the name, yu’ll be given the ptin f jining a training sessin r ding practice tests. Of curse, yu can chse neither.
I hpe that answers yur questin!
Please let me knw if yu need any further help.
Sincerely,
Bridget Peclini
1．What’s Bridget’s purpse f cntacting Ansn Wng?
A. T check in n him.B. T urge Gary t jin a curse.
C. T reply t his email.D. T remind him t pay the expense.
2．Which f the fllwing statements is true?
A. Cntestants will have the in-persn cntest at a specific spt this year.
B. It is a must fr cntestants t jin a training sessin befre the cntest.
C. Ding enugh practice tests is a guarantee fr a cntestant t get a reward.
D. If a student wants t participate in the cntest, he shuld sign up nline first.
3．When will the fficial cntest be held?
A. On April 7.B. On April 14.
C. On April 12.D. On February 18.
Wrking at a bank in New Yrk City in the mid-2010s, Anna Sacks was nt living the life she wanted. Sure, she was happy. But she wanted t d smething that felt imprtant.
Sme peple seeking meaning might read a self-help bk r perhaps vlunteer a few hurs a week. Sacks packed up her life and mved t Cnnecticut t participate in Adamah, a farming prgram that fcuses n sustainable living and grwing sustainable fd. When she returned t New Yrk, her life was with a new purpse and many new skills t make her dreams a reality.
“One f the things that really stuck with me frm Adamah was hw little waste they prduced and hw they handled the waste they did have, primarily thrugh cmpsting (堆肥),” she says. The Adamah prgram pened Sacks’ eyes t the damage cnsumer culture is ding n a lcal, natinal, and glbal level, and the need t find slutins. S in 2017, she began what she calls “trash walking”.
During turs arund her cmmunity, Sacks picks thrugh garbage t lk fr reusable items. Sn, her “trash walking” expanded t include crprate trash alng with residential trash. Surprisingly, she discvered a wide range f really great stuff-like clthing, decratins, and fd -all f which she dcuments n TikTk.
Under the name The Trash Walker, Sacks quickly gained ppularity fr her vides that highlight the prblems with cnsumerism. “The rt issue is verprductin, which leads t vercnsumptin, which leads t a large amunt f waste,” she says.
The fact is, cmpanies ften chse t trash items rather than give them away t peple wh might need them. A big reasn fr this waste is the way ur current tax laws are structured, Sacks says. Sellers wh destry gds can claim the cst as a lss n their taxes and be refunded. If they give away gds, they can claim nly a small amunt as a charitable reductin n their taxes.
Sacks’ main fcus is simply getting peple t pay attentin t hw many unnecessary things they buy and then thrw away. “Once yu becme aware f the way yu cnsume, yu can see ways yu imprve, ”she says.
4．Why did Anna Sacks leave New Yrk?
A. T learn hw t grw fd.
B. T pursue a mre meaningful life.
C. T realize her dream as a vlunteer.
D. T accept the invitatin frm a prgram.
5．What impressed Anna Sacks mst abut the Adamah prgram?
A. The significance f trash walking.
B. The hard truth f cnsumer culture.
C. The sustainable fd peple prduced.
D. The way peple there dealt with the waste.
6．What makes cmpanies prefer t thrw ut gds as trash?
A. The tax refund.B. The tax reductin.
C. The verprductin.D. The pr quality f gds.
7．What can we learn frm Anna Sacks’ stry?
A. Cnsumer culture accunts fr wasting.
B. Crprate trash utweighs residential trash.
C. Turning t farming leads t sustainable living.
D. Trash walking is the key t becming wealthy.
In parts f Africa, peple cmmunicate with a wild bird — the greater hneyguide-in rder t lcate bee habitats and harvest their stres f hney. It’s a rare example f cperatin between humans and wild animals, and a ptential instance f cultural cevlutin (共同进化). Brian Wd frm UCLA and Claire Spttiswde frm University f Cape Twn were lead authrs n a study shwing hw this valuable partnership is maintained and varies acrss cultures.
“Our study demnstrates the bird’s ability t learn distinct viced signals that are traditinally used by different hney-hunting cmmunities, expanding pssibilities fr mutually beneficial cperatin with peple,” Wd said. “Hneyguides seem t knw the landscape well, gathering knwledge abut the lcatin f bee nests, which they then share with peple,” Spttiswde said. “Peple are eager fr the bird’s help.” The hneyguides als benefit frm lcating the clnies: They eat the leftver hneycmb.
Spttiswde and Wd’s study was dne in cperatin with the Hadza in Tanzania, with whm Wd has been cnducting research since 2004, and the Ya cmmunity f nrthern Mzambique. Their prir wrk in bth cmmunities dcumented differences in hw each culture attracts hneyguides. Amng the Hadza, a hney-hunter annunces a desire t partner with the bird by whistling. In Mzambique, Ya hney-hunters d s with a “Brr!”... fllwed by a “!”
Using mathematical mdels and audi playback experiments, the team studied these signals, their usefulness t peple and their impacts n birds. They experimentally expsed hneyguides in Tanzania and Mzambique t the same set f prerecrded sunds. This enabled the researchers t test whether hneyguides had learned t recgnize and prefer the specialized signals that lcal hney-hunters used r were naturally attracted t all such signals.
The hneyguides in Tanzania were ver three times mre likely t cperate when hearing the calls f lcal Hadza peple than the calls f ‘freign’ Ya. The hneyguides in Mzambique were almst twice as likely t cperate when hearing the lcal Ya call, cmpared t the ‘freign’ Hadza whistles.
The study prpses that differences in hneyguide-attracting signals are nt randm, but make practical sense. While hney-hunting, bth the Hadza and Ya cme acrss mammals (哺乳动物), but nly the Hadza hunt them, using bws and arrws. The Hadza’s hunting might explain the less ntable whistles they use. Filmed interviews shw Hadza hunters explaining that they can evade being detected by their prey (猎物) because their whistles “sund like birds.” Cntrarily, the signal the Ya use t cmmunicate with the hneyguide can help scare ff animals they find dangerus.
8．By cperating with hney-hunting cmmunities, hneyguides can _____.
A. nest near human cultureB. lcate bee habitats easier
C. have access t mre fdD. becme familiar with the landscape
9．Why did the researchers use the same prerecrded signals?
A. T study their mathematical mdels.
B. T check if they are a natural preference.
C. T investigate their usefulness t humans.
D. T see if they increase birds’ ability t find hney.
10．What can we learn frm Spttiswde and Wd’s study?
A. The human-bird relatinship can change with new signals.
B. The Ya cmmunity hunts animals while lking fr bee nests.
C. The hneyguides are mre respnsive t calls frm the lcal peple.
D. The signals frm the Hadza were mre effective in attracting hneyguides.
11．What is the last paragraph mainly abut?
A. Hw mammals react t different signals.
B. Hw hunting techniques are applied t prey.
C. Hw whistles enable hneyguides t find targets.
D. Hw signals are assciated with hunting practice.
The Age f Infrmatin is bulging: if yu tried t dwnlad all the data available tday, yu’d need mre than 180 millin years t d s. But yu are wrng t assume that all infrmatin wuld stimulate a bst f innvatin t match the utput f data. Indeed, the last time we fund urselves in a perid f significant innvatin was ver 120 years ag, called the Age f Insight.
Innvatins, big r small, start with a new idea. Often, these ideas ccur as a mment f insight — the result f a nvel cnnectin in ur brains made between existing and new infrmatin. Studies shw insights invlve quiet signals deep in the brain. Anything that helps us ntice quiet signals can increase the chance f insights. Hwever, it’s becming mre challenging t find thse signals tday, every mment filled with an endless supply f cntent.
Besides, we als want t increase the quality f them t srt thrugh big new ideas and find the really valuable nes that can be hard t measure. Launched in 2015, the Eureka Scale (尤里卡量表) allws us t assess the strength f ur insight experiences n a five-pint scale, namely, intense emtins, mtivatin, memry advantage, aftershcks, and fllwing ideas. The Scale cmbines these five variables int a single value t define the imprtance f a new idea and has brad applicatins fr measuring and imprving individual and rganizatinal perfrmance. Even it can be used t measure the impact f different kinds f wrk envirnments and learning appraches n participants’ grwth. The level-5 insight, invlving the richest emtin, mtivatin, and lasting impact, hlds the greatest significance.
In rder fr rganizatins t benefit frm anther age f insight, it’s nt enugh t try t access mre data r increase the number f insights we generate. Instead, it’s abut making space fr the biggest ideas t emerge frm all the infrmatin. Using the Scale as a way t measure hw imprtant ideas are will enable better decisin-making tward practical and cmpetitive utcmes. If we’re t enter a new age f insight, we must make timely and necessary changes t design ur envirnments fr the best insight pssible t surface.
12．What des the underlined wrd “bulging” in Paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A. Appraching.B. Explding.C. Shifting.D. Updating.
13．Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing cases can increase the chance f insights?
A. By engaging in nging scial media interactins.
B. By relying n technlgy t receive regular ntices.
C. By stepping away frm cmputers between meetings.
D. By participating in additinal training and caching sessins.
14．What can be inferred frm the passage?
A. The Eureka Scale cntrls the influence f ur insights.
B. One with a level-5 insight has minimal emtinal respnses.
C. Bth the quantity and quality f insights are essential t innvatin.
D. A breakthrugh has been made in innvatin due t a wealth f infrmatin.
15．What is the authr’s attitude twards the current envirnment fr innvatins?
A. Uncertain.B. Optimistic.C. Uncncerned.D. Dissatisfied.
二、七选五
16．There are many reasns why sme cats are bad-tempered. It’s cmmnly believed that their temperament can be influenced by the way they are brn r raised. ① _________ Accrding t veterinarian Dr Katrina Warren, the prblem can generally be slved, but yu’ll need t lk fr underlying issues.
Changes in a cat’s behaviur can ften be explained by a health prblem. Pain can cause cats t behave differently. It’s easy t mistake a prblem as behaviural, which in fact is medical. Shuld yu bserve a significant change in yur cat’s behaviur, then a visit t the vet is the best place t start. ② _________Als hiding and aviding being tuched. Be sure t reprt all changes t yur vet. There are many health prblems that can be readily treated t ease symptms and pain fr yur cat.
It pays t remember that cats dn’t like t share r queue. Sharing f ‘resurces’ such as litter trays and fdbwls can cause stress and anxiety fr many cats. It’s always a gd idea t prvide each cat with their wn litter bx, fd, water bwls and bed. A lack f space t hide frm r avid ther cats, cmpetitin fr territry and lack f individual attentin can als add t husehld frictin. ③ _________
Mving t a new huse, the arrival f a new baby, new pets and ther types f change can seriusly impact cat behaviur. Cats are creatures f habit and tend t be territrial. ④ _________ Try t keep yur cat’s envirnment as calm as pssible and ensure there are places where they feel safe.
⑤ _________ These are ften cats that received limited scialisatin with humans when they were kittens. These cats d best in a quiet husehld withut children and need understanding and patience t help build their cnfidence.
A. Sme cats simply d nt like being tuched and handled.
B. Watch ut fr changes in eating, drinking r litter-bx habits.
C. When yur cat seems lnely, yu can hld it gently in yur arms.
D. If s, ffering the cat a high place t sit, such as a climbing tree, can be helpful.
E. S a change in rutine may cause them t react, including withdrawal r aggressin.
F. Dn’t frget their incredible sense f smell, which is a useful tl f cmmunicatin.
G. In fact, even the sweetest cats can suddenly becme bad-tempered and behave ut f character.
三、完形填空（15空）
Gardening changed hw I see myself as a disabled wman. When I started gardening in 2018, I didn’t knw anything abut plants, let alne hw t grw things we can ____1____. I thught gardening required a lt f ____2____tasks. As I have a genetic cnditin that causes my bnes t ____3____ easily, I didn’t believe I culd cmplete them. The thught f taking care f plants in a wheelchair every day made me feel ____4____. But just like hw I gradually learnt everything else as a disabled persn, I had t ____5____ hw t garden my way.
That first seasn, I visited my garden as much as I culd. Nticing my interest in gardening, my neighbrs in the cmmunity ____6____ ffered me advice and supprt. Under their careful ____7____, I managed t pull up the weeds and watered my plants n my wn. Finally, I was s ____8____ t eat the tmates I grew and even shared sme mre prduces with neighbrs.
Gardening has ____9____hw I see ther parts f my life. As a disabled wman, I fear being seen as a ___10____ and struggle t ask fr the things I need. Gardening helped me ____11____ the fact that I have needs. I dn’t think my plant is a heavy lad because it needs mre nutritin. I dn’t ____12____ it fr getting insects and nt being able t fight against them. Gardening als helped me ____13____ my scial circle and grw clser t peple in ur cmmunity.
Over the years, gardening has made me feel mre ____14____ in every aspect f my life. I’m planting what I want t grw, and I have gained a lt f ____15____ frm that.
17．A. enjyB. deliverC. eatD. dnate
18．A. simpleB. physicalC. pleasantD. urgent
19．A. changeB. restC. breakD. mve
20．A. anxiusB. expectantC. mtivatedD. bred
21．A. lk verB. shw ffC. bring backD. figure ut
22．A. suddenlyB. readilyC. hesitantlyD. casually
23．A. bservatinB. checkC. discussinD. guidance
24．A. willingB. well-meaningC. prudD. unexpected
25．A. impactedB. ruinedC. cntrlledD. recrded
26．A. failureB. fcusC. burdenD. threat
27．A. nrmalizeB. challengeC. tuneD. entitle
28．A. appreciateB. faultC. challengeD. frgive
29．A. establishB. expandC. highlightD. expse
30．A. flexibleB. respnsibleC. ptentialD. cnfident
31．A. justiceB. accessC. weightD. pwer
四、短文填空
32．Acupuncture, an ancient Chinese medical practice, has been the remedy fr① _________ (cunt) patients fr thusands f years. There is evidence that acupuncture ② _________ (date) back t the Stne Age, when stne tls were used t press areas f the bdy ③ _________ (relieve) pain. Over time, this primitive practice gradually evlved int a cmprehensive and prfund medical system and shaped the rt f acupuncture.
④ _________ acupuncture actually functins is nt clearly understd. But peple have cme t ⑤ _________ universal agreement that acupuncture is a treatment that aims t prmte the bdy’s self-regulating functins. Its therapeutic principles are in line with the philsphical cncepts f traditinal Chinese medicine, ⑥ _________ emphasize all-inclusive treatment, meridian (经络) adjustment, balance f bdily functins and verall physilgical well-being.
⑦ _________ the uncertainty abut its medical basis, acupuncture has becme a glbal therapy. Over the years, acupuncture ⑧ _________ (see) many advancements in scientific research and mdern medicine. It is nw a mainstream alternative and cmplementary treatment fr ⑨ _________ (vary) f weaknesses. Accrding t a WHO reprt, acupuncture ⑩ _________ (include) in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List in 2010 is nw used in 113 f its 120 member cuntries, illustrating its widespread recgnitin and applicatin.
As an ancient Chinese medical practice with a rich histry and deep cultural significance, acupuncture is an embdiment f prfund cultural heritage and a hlistic path t healing.
五、书面表达
33．假如你是李华，你校英文报正在征稿。请你结合下面的名人名言(famus qute): “I dn’t knw what ‘hme’ is, but unhappiness and wrries melt away nce there.” (Frm Bing Xin)，写一篇题为“My Understanding f Hme”的征文。
内容包括：
1. 你对该名言的理解；
2. 举例说明你的观点。
要求：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
My Understanding f Hme
Bing Xin nce said, “I dn’t knw what ‘hme’ is, but unhappiness and wrries melt away nce there.”
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Hw far wuld yu g t help a friend? Jeremy Savage, aged 17, and Ian Marshall, aged 16, bth frm Canada, had their friendship tested t the limit n a recent trip t the Rcky Muntains with their parents.
On Saturday mrning, the tw bys decided t climb Cathedral Muntain by themselves while their parents relaxed at the campsite. After three hurs, they reached the tp and enjyed the beautiful view frm the muntaintp.
Hwever, truble began when they started the climb dwn. On ne very dangerus part f the muntain, Ian fell three meters ff the side f the path. Jeremy climbed dwn t where Ian was and fund him badly injured and nt able t mve then. Jeremy had t decide what t d. He needed help but he did nt want t leave his friend. He cleaned the dirt and bld frm Ian’s face and hands, and then tried t help Ian stand up, but Ian’s right leg was hurting t much. With incredible calmness and his frmer experience in the muntain, Jeremy then gave Ian his fd and water and let him lie n his jacket. They had t wait and hpe that help wuld cme. While they waited fr help, Jeremy used his jacket and an extra shirt t keep Ian warm and they rested tgether. Sensing his friend’s pain and anxiety, Jeremy gently cmfrted him and gave him cnstant encuragement in a determined tne.
Meanwhile, as darkness started t fall, their parents back at the campsite became very wrried that the bys had nt returned. Desperate tears welling up in the eyes, the mthers frantically prayed t Gd fr their sns’ safety. They gt in tuch with park wrkers and began searching fr the bys. Sn mre than 20 peple were lking fr them n Cathedral Muntain.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As the evening grew darker and the temperature drpped, Ian tld Jeremy t leave him and g back t their parents.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, after fur lng and tiring hurs’ climbing dwn, they came acrss their parents.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据信中的“Re: Questins abut nline math cntest(回复：关于在线数学竞赛的问题)”和“Thank yu fr yur email.(感谢您的电子邮件)”可知，Bridget联系Ansn Wng是为了回复他的邮件。故选C。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Yu can access the training sessin and practice tests by lgging int ur website at www. mathcntest.cm. Once yu’re signed in, yu will see several tabs n the left-hand side.(你可以登录我们的网站。登录后，你将在左侧看到几个选项卡)”可知，D选项“如果一个学生想参加比赛，他应该先在网上报名”正确。故选D。
3．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由文章信件内容中“Access t the cntest (available August 14 at 11 am) (参加比赛（8月14日上午11点）)”可知，正式比赛将于4月14日举行。故选B。
4．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Wrking at a bank in New Yrk City in the mid-2010s, Anna Sacks was nt living the life she wanted. Sure, she was happy. But she wanted t d smething that felt imprtant.( 2010年代中期在纽约一家银行工作的Anna Sacks并没有过上她想要的生活。当然，她很高兴。但她想做点有意义的事)”以及第二段“Sme peple seeking meaning might read a self-help bk r perhaps vlunteer a few hurs a week. Sacks packed up her life and mved t Cnnecticut t participate in Adamah, a farming prgram that fcuses n sustainable living and grwing sustainable fd.(一些寻求人生意义的人可能会读一本自助书籍，或者每周做几个小时的志愿者。Sacks结束了她的生活，搬到了康涅狄格州，参加了一个专注于可持续生活和种植可持续食物的农业项目Adamah)”可知，Anna Sacks离开纽约是因为她想过有意义的生活。故选B。
5．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中““One f the things that really stuck with me frm Adamah was hw little waste they prduced and hw they handled the waste they did have, primarily thrugh cmpsting (堆肥),” she says.( 她说：“Adamah让我印象深刻的是，他们产生的废物很少，而且他们是如何处理废物的，主要是通过堆肥。”)”可知，那里的人们处理废物的方式给Anna Sacks留下了最深的印象。故选D。
6．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The fact is, cmpanies ften chse t trash items rather than give them away t peple wh might need them. A big reasn fr this waste is the way ur current tax laws are structured, Sacks says.(事实是，公司经常选择丢弃物品而不是把它们送给可能需要它们的人。Sacks说，造成这种浪费的一个重要原因是我们现行税法的结构方式)”以及“Sellers wh destry gds can claim the cst as a lss n their taxes and be refunded.(损坏货物的卖家可以将损失作为税收损失，并获得退款)”可知，退税让公司更愿意把商品当垃圾扔掉。故选A。
7．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sacks’ main fcus is simply getting peple t pay attentin t hw many unnecessary things they buy and then thrw away. “Once yu becme aware f the way yu cnsume, yu can see ways yu imprve, ”she says.( Sacks的主要重点是让人们注意到他们买了多少不必要的东西，然后扔掉了。她说：“一旦你意识到自己的消费方式，你就能看到自己改善的方法。”)”以及通读全文可知，Anna Sacks的故事告诉我们，消费文化导致了过度生产、过度消费和大量的浪费。A选项“消费文化造成了浪费”符合题意。故选A。
8．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段““Our study demnstrates the bird’s ability t learn distinct viced signals that are traditinally used by different hney-hunting cmmunities, expanding pssibilities fr mutually beneficial cperatin with peple, ” Wd said. “Hneyguides seem t knw the landscape well, gathering knwledge abut the lcatin f bee nests, which they then share with peple,” Spttiswde said. “Peple are eager fr the bird’s help.” The hneyguides als benefit frm lcating the clnies: They eat the leftver hneycmb.(伍德说:“我们的研究表明，这种鸟有能力学习不同的声音信号，这些信号是不同的采蜜社区传统上使用的，这扩大了与人类互利合作的可能性。”斯波蒂斯伍德说:“蜜䴕似乎很了解周围的风景，它们会收集蜂巢的位置信息，然后与人们分享。人们渴望这只鸟的帮助。”蜜䴕也从定位蜂群中获益：它们吃剩下的蜂巢)”可知，通过与采蜜社区合作，蜜䴕可以获得更多的食物。故选C项。
9．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“They experimentally expsed hneyguides in Tanzania and Mzambique t the same set f prerecrded sunds. This enabled the researchers t test whether hneyguides had learned t recgnize and prefer the specialized signals that lcal hney-hunters used r were naturally attracted t all such signals.(他们将坦桑尼亚和莫桑比克的蜜䴕暴露在同一组预先录制好的声音中进行实验。这使研究人员能够测试蜜䴕是学会了识别和偏爱当地采蜜者使用的特殊信号，还是自然地被所有这些信号所吸引)”可知，研究人员在同一组预先录制好的声音中进行实验来检验蜜䴕被信号吸引是否是一种自然偏好。故选B项。
10．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“The hneyguides in Tanzania were ver three times mre likely t cperate when hearing the calls f lcal Hadza peple than the calls f ‘freign’ Ya. The hneyguides in Mzambique were almst twice as likely t cperate when hearing the lcal Ya call, cmpared t the ‘freign’ Hadza whistles.(坦桑尼亚的蜜䴕在听到当地哈扎族人的叫声时，配合的可能性是听到“外国”瑶族叫声的三倍多。莫桑比克的蜜䴕在听到当地瑶族的叫声时，与听到“外来”哈扎族的哨声相比，合作的可能性几乎是前者的两倍)”可推知，蜜䴕对当地人的呼唤更有反应。故选C项。
11．答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“The study prpses that differences in hneyguide-attracting signals are nt randm, but make practical sense. While hney-hunting, bth the Hadza and Ya cme acrss mammals, but nly the Hadza hunt them, using bws and arrws. The Hadza’s hunting might explain the less ntable whistles they use. Filmed interviews shw Hadza hunters explaining that they can evade being detected by their prey because their whistles “sund like birds.” Cntrarily, the signal the Ya use t cmmunicate with the hneyguide can help scare ff animals they find dangerus.(这项研究表明，吸引蜜䴕信号的差异不是随机的，而是有实际意义的。在采蜜的过程中，哈扎族和瑶族都遇到了哺乳动物，但只有哈扎族用弓箭猎杀它们。哈扎人的狩猎行为或许可以解释他们使用的不那么引人注目的哨声。视频采访显示，哈扎猎人解释说，他们可以逃避被猎物发现，因为他们的哨声“听起来像鸟”。相反，瑶族用来与蜜䴕交流的信号可以吓跑他们认为危险的动物)”可知，文章最后一段讲述了信号是如何与狩猎活动联系起来的。故选D项。
12．答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“if yu tried t dwnlad all the data available tday, yu’d need mre than 180 millin years t d s(如果你想下载今天所有可用的数据，你需要超过1.8亿年的时间)”可知，如今的数据太多，即信息时代在膨胀，划线词bulging意为“激增，膨胀”与B选项“Explding(爆发，激增)”意思一致。故选B。
13．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。静默的信号是产生洞察力的一种方式，因此需要避免一些干扰，比如社交媒体，并且需要适当的间隔来让大脑有机会产生新的想法，即在会议间隙远离电脑可以增加获得洞察力的可能性。故选C。
14．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。对于创新不论大小，都需要很多灵光一现的瞬间产生的想法（洞察力）；同时也需要提高洞察力的质量，从而才能对重大想法进行分类，确定出有真正价值的想法，尤里卡量表以对洞察力的强度进行评估进行确定。因此洞察的数量和质量对创新都至关重要。故选C。
15．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。对于创新，仅仅尝试访问更多数据或增加我们产生的洞察数量是不够的，而是应该为从所有信息中脱颖而出的最伟大的想法腾出空间，可是当下随着科技的日益普及，找到这些安静的信号变得越来越有挑战性，故作者对于当下的创新环境是感到不满意的，因此作者呼吁我们必须设计我们的环境，以允许最好的洞察浮出水面。故选D。
16．答案：①-⑤GBDEA
解析：①根据上文“There are many reasns why sme cats are bad-tempered. It’s cmmnly believed that their temperament can be influenced by the way they are brn r raised.(有些猫脾气不好有很多原因。人们普遍认为，他们的气质会受到出生或成长方式的影响)”以及后文“Accrding t veterinarian Dr Katrina Warren, the prblem can generally be slved, but yu’ll need t lk fr underlying issues.(根据兽医卡特里娜·沃伦博士的说法，这个问题通常是可以解决的，但你需要寻找潜在的问题)”可知，本句主要说明猫脾气暴躁的事情，后文给出解决方法。故G选项“事实上，即使是最可爱的猫也会突然变得脾气暴躁，行为反常”符合语境，故选G。
②根据上文“Changes in a cat’s behaviur can ften be explained by a health prblem. Pain can cause cats t behave differently. It’s easy t mistake a prblem as behaviural, which in fact is medical. Shuld yu bserve a significant change in yur cat’s behaviur, then a visit t the vet is the best place t start.(猫的行为变化通常可以用健康问题来解释。疼痛会导致猫的行为不同。人们很容易把一个问题误认为是行为问题，而实际上是医学问题。如果你观察到猫的行为有明显的变化，那么去看兽医是最好的开始)”可知，本句承接上文，具体说明应该注意猫的哪些变化。故B选项“注意饮食或猫砂盆习惯的变化”符合语境，故选B。
③根据上文“A lack f space t hide frm r avid ther cats, cmpetitin fr territry and lack f individual attentin can als add t husehld frictin.(缺乏躲避或躲避其他猫的空间，争夺地盘和缺乏个人关注也会增加家庭摩擦)”可知，上文提到了导致家庭摩擦的原因，本句为本段最后一句，故给出解决方案。故D选项“如果是这样，给猫提供一个高的地方坐，比如爬树，可能会有帮助”符合语境，故选D。
④根据上文“Cats are creatures f habit and tend t be territrial.(猫是有习惯的动物，往往有领地意识)”以及后文“Try t keep yur cat’s envirnment as calm as pssible and ensure there are places where they feel safe.(尽量让你的猫的环境保持平静，并确保有它们感到安全的地方)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出哪些情况会导致猫的习性反应，后文给出方法。故E选项“因此，日常生活的改变可能会引起他们的反应，包括退缩或攻击”符合语境，故选E。
⑤根据本段内容“These are ften cats that received limited scialisatin with humans when they were kittens. These cats d best in a quiet husehld withut children and need understanding and patience t help build their cnfidence.(这些猫通常是小猫时与人类交往有限的猫。这些猫在没有孩子的安静家庭中表现最好，需要理解和耐心来帮助它们建立信心)”可知，本段主要说明了有些猫因为小时候没有和人类进行社交，所以导致天生不与人亲近的情况。故A选项“有些猫就是不喜欢被触摸和控制”符合语境，故选A。
17．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在2018年开始园艺时，我对植物一无所知，更不用说如何种植我们可以吃的东西了。A. enjy享受；B. deliver送；C. eat吃；D. dnate捐赠。根据下文“t eat the tmates I grew and even shared sme mre prduces with neighbrs”指种植可以吃的作物，故选C。
18．答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为园艺需要很多体力劳动。A. simple简单的；B. physical身体的；C. pleasant愉快的；D. urgent紧急的。根据“gardening”以及后文的“I didn’t believe I culd cmplete them.”可知，作者有遗传性疾病，认为自己不能完成园艺，因为作者认为园艺需要很多体力劳动。故选B。
19．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于我有一种遗传疾病，导致我的骨头容易骨折，我不相信我能完成它们。A. change改变；B. rest休息；C. break破损；D. mve移动。根据“As I have a genetic (遗传的) cnditin”可知，作者有着天生的一种遗传疾病，导致骨头容易骨折。故选C。
20．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每天坐在轮椅上照顾植物的想法让我感到焦虑。A. anxius焦虑的；B. expectant期待的；C. mtivated有动力的；D. bred无聊的。根据前文“As I have a genetic cnditin that causes my bnes t ________ easily, I didn’t believe I culd cmplete them.”以及“The thught f taking care f plants in a wheelchair every day”可知，因为作者有先天性的疾病，因此每天坐在轮椅上去照顾植物的想法让作者感到非常焦虑。故选A。
21．答案：D
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：但就像我作为一个残疾人逐渐学会了其他一切一样，我必须弄清楚如何以自己的方式打理花园。A. lk ver查看；B. shw ff炫耀；C. bring back带回去；D. figure ut弄明白。根据“hw t garden my way.”以及后文作者种出可以吃的蔬菜可知，作者必须要弄明白自己如何去打理一个花园。故选D。
22．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：注意到我对园艺的兴趣，社区里的邻居们很乐意给我提供建议和支持。A. suddenly突然地；B. readily乐意地；C. hesitantly犹豫地；D. casually随便地。根据“Under their careful ________, I managed t pull up the weeds and watered my plants n my wn.”可知，作者社区中的邻居们很乐意地给作者提供建议和支持。故选B。
23．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的悉心指导下，我自己拔掉了杂草，给植物浇水。A. bservatin观察；B. check检查；C. discussin讨论；D. guidance指导。根据“ffered me advice and supprt.”推知，作者在邻居们的悉心指导下照顾花园。故选D。
24．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我很自豪地吃了自己种的西红柿，甚至还和邻居分享了一些产品。A. willing愿意的；B. well-meaning善意的；C. prud骄傲的，自豪的；D. unexpected意外的。根据后文“and even shared sme mre prduces with neighbrs”推知，作者吃到了自己种的西红柿，感到骄傲自豪。故选C。
25．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：园艺影响了我对生活其他部分的看法。A. impacted影响；B. ruined毁坏；C. cntrlled控制；D. recrded记录。根据“As a disabled wman, I fear being seen as a ________ and struggle t ask fr the things I need. Gardening helped me ________ the fact that I have needs.”可知，作者之前认为作为一名残疾女性，自己害怕被视为一种负担，并努力争取自己需要的东西，而通过园艺作者明白了需要别人帮助是正常的，由此可知园艺影响了作者对生活其他部分的看法。故选A。
26．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名残疾女性，我害怕被视为一种负担，并努力争取我需要的东西。A. failure失败；B. fcus集中；C. burden负担；D. threat威胁。根据“struggle t ask fr the things I need”可知，作为一名残疾女性，作者害怕被视为一种负担，所以努力争取自己需要的东西。故选C。
27．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：园艺帮助我使我有需求这个事实正常化。A. nrmalize正常化；B. challenge挑战；C. tune调音；D. entitle给予权利。根据前文邻居们的帮助和后文“the fact that I have needs”推知，园艺帮助作者使自己有需求这个事实正常化。故选A。
28．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不会因为它吸引昆虫并无法与它们作斗争而责怪它。A. appreciate欣赏；B. fault挑刺，指责；C. challenge挑战；D. frgive原谅。根据“fr getting insects and nt being able t fight against them”可知，作者不会因为花园中有昆虫而挑剔花园的不当之处（不对之处）。故选B。
29．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：园艺也帮助我扩大了我的社交圈，和社区里的人走得更近。A. establish建立；B. expand扩大；C. highlight突出；D. expse暴露。根据后文“grw clser t peple in ur cmmunity”可知，园艺帮助作者扩大了社交圈。故选B。
30．答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多年来，园艺使我对生活的各个方面都更有信心。A. flexible灵活的；B. respnsible负责的；C. ptential潜在的；D. cnfident自信的。上文提到园艺帮助作者扩大了社交圈，推知园艺使作者对生活的各个方面都更有信心。故选D。
31．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在种我想种的东西，我从中获得了很多力量。A. justice公正；B. access获取；C. weight重量；D. pwer权力。根据“gardening has made me feel mre cnfident in every aspect f my life.”可知，园艺使作者对生活的各个方面都更有信心，因此作者获得了很多力量。故选D。
32．答案：①cuntless②dates③t relieve④Hw⑤a⑥which⑦Despite⑧has seen⑨varieties⑩included
解析：①考查形容词。句意：针灸，一种古老的中国医学实践，几千年来一直是无数病人的治疗方法。修饰后文名词patients，表示“无数的”应用形容词cuntless，故填cuntless。
②考查时态。句意：有证据表明，针灸可以追溯到石器时代，当时人们用石器按压身体的某些部位来缓解疼痛。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为acupuncture，谓语用三单形式。故填dates。
③考查非谓语动词。句意：有证据表明，针灸可以追溯到石器时代，当时人们用石器按压身体的某些部位来缓解疼痛。分析句子结构可知relieve在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填t relieve。
④考查主语从句。句意：针灸到底是如何起作用的还不清楚。此处引导主语从句，从句缺少方式状语，表示“如何”应用hw，首字母大写。故填Hw。
⑤考查冠词。句意：但人们普遍认为，针灸是一种旨在促进身体自我调节功能的治疗方法。根据空格后的单数可数名词agreement可知，空格处应该用不定冠词，universal的发音是辅音音素开头，此处应该用a。故填a。
⑥考查定语从句。句意：它的治疗原则符合中医的哲学理念，强调包罗万象的治疗，经络调节，身体功能平衡和整体生理健康。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the philsphical cncepts f traditinal Chinese medicine，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。
⑦考查介词。句意：尽管针灸的医学基础还不确定，但它已经成为一种全球性的治疗方法。后跟名词作宾语，表示“尽管”应用despite，首字母大写。故填Despite。
⑧考查时态。句意：多年来，针灸在科学研究和现代医学中取得了许多进步。根据上文Over the years可知为现在完成时，主语为，助动词用has。故填has seen。
⑨考查固定短语。句意：它现在是一种主流的替代和补充治疗各种虚弱。短语varieties f表示“各种各样的”。故填varieties。
⑩考查非谓语动词。句意：根据世界卫生组织的一份报告，在2010年被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录的针灸目前在其120个成员国中的113个国家使用，说明针灸得到了广泛的认可和应用。分析句子结构可知include与acupuncture构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填included。
33．答案： My Understanding f Hme
Bing Xin nce said, “I dn’t knw what ‘hme’ is, but unhappiness and wrries melt away nce there.”
In my view, families cme in all shapes and sizes, but they all share ne thing in cmmn: lve. A strng family bnd can prvide a sense f security, supprt and belnging, which are essential fr ur well-being.
Last year, I experienced a series f challenges in my life, which made me upset. When I went hme sadly, my parents were cncerned abut me and asked me the reasn fr my bad emtin. I tld them the challenges I experienced. With their help, I culd get ver the difficulties and felt happy again.
In a wrd, lve can bring ur family clser tgether.
解析：1.词汇积累
克服：get ver→vercme
总之：in a wrd→in shrt
担心：be cncerned abut→be wrried abut
重要的：essential→vital
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：With their help, I culd get ver the difficulties and felt happy again.
拓展句：Withut their help, I wuldn’t have gt ver the difficulties and felt happy again.
【高分句型1】A strng family bnd can prvide a sense f security, supprt and belnging, which are essential fr ur well-being. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】When I went hme sadly, my parents were cncerned abut me and asked me the reasn fr my bad emtin. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
34．答案：
As the evening grew darker and the temperature drpped, Ian tld Jeremy t leave him and g back t their parents. But Jeremy still did nt leave. He thught it was t dangerus fr Ian t be alne n such a cld, windy night. Hwever, with the surrundings frm chilly t freezing, Jeremy decided that the nly way t help his friend was t carry him dwn the muntain. S, they started the lng climb back t the campsite. Smetimes Jeremy carried Ian n his back. Smetimes he carried him in his arms.
Finally, after fur lng and tiring hurs’ climbing dwn, they came acrss their parents. Upn seeing the tw bys, their parents dashed t wrap them in their arms. All the fear, cld and even pain were seemingly driven away by the reunin with their parents. Jeremy and Ian burst int tears, sbbing ut what had happened in this adventure. On the way t the hspital, Ian held n tight t Jeremy’s hand, saying, “I’ll always remember what yu did fr me. Yu saved my life.” Jeremy winked at him with a smiling face, “That’s the greatest thing that a persn can d fr his friend.”
解析：文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jeremy Savage和Ian Marshall在爬山过程中，Ian从三米高的地方掉了下来，受了严重的伤。Jeremy不离不弃，奋力相救的故事。
1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“夜幕降临，气温下降，伊恩让杰里米离开他，回到父母身边。”可知，第一段可描写Jeremy不离不弃，奋力相救的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，经过四个小时漫长而疲惫的爬行，他们遇到了父母。”可知，第二段可描写二人获救的过程。
2.续写线索：冻得瑟瑟发抖—决定背Ian下山—回程很艰难—Ian乞求Jeremy丢下他—Jeremy摇头—一束光闪烁—二人欣喜若狂—遇到父母—二人获救
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①决定：decide/determine/make up mind
②突然大哭：burst int tears/burst ut crying
③拯救：save/rescue
情绪类
①恐惧：fear/hrrr/terrr
②疲惫的：tiring/weary/fatigue
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