高中英语2024届高考词汇讲解与练习系列0321（共14组）

这是一份高中英语2024届高考词汇讲解与练习系列0321（共14组），共11页。试卷主要包含了cnclusin，flee，circumstance，fund，passin，cme t pwer，cnsequence，encunter等内容，欢迎下载使用。

cnclusin n. (smething that yu decide when yu have thught abut all the infrmatin cnnected with the situatin)结论;推论
(1) cme t/draw/arrive at/reach a cnclusin
得出结论
in cnclusin 最后,总之
(2) cnclude v. 推断出;结束
cnclude sth (frm…)
(从……)推断出某事
cnclude (frm sth) that…
(从某事中)推断出……
cnclude sth with/by…
以……结束某事
[温馨提示]
in cnclusin 常作为总结语使用,有此用法的其他表达还有:
in shrt, in brief, in a wrd, all in all, t sum up, briefly (speaking), n the whle 等。
【佳句背诵】
(1) Scientists have drawn a cnclusin that smking is greatly assciated with lung cancer.
科学家已得出结论:吸烟与肺癌密切相关。
(2) The cncert began with the natinal anthem and cncluded with a piece f sft music.
音乐会以国歌开始,并在一首柔和的乐曲中结束。
【活学活用】
[单句填空]
The scientists cncluded their research that the earth is becming warmer and warmer.
②The research lacks slid evidence,and therefre,its (cnclude)are dubtful.
③This cntest will last ne and a half mnths, (cnclude) at the middle f December.
[完成句子]
④ , walking is a cheap, safe, enjyable and readily available frm f exercise.
总之,散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣且易实施的锻炼方式。
⑤Only by undertaking the analysis f the data .
只有通过分析这些数据,你才能得出科学的结论。
【答案】
① frm
② cnclusins
③ cncluding
④ In cnclusin
⑤ can yu draw/cme t/arrive at/reach a scientific cnclusin
2.flee
flee vi. & vt. (fled, fled )(run away quickly)迅速离开;逃跑
flee the cuntry/city 逃出国/城市
flee t 逃往; 逃至
flee frm 从……逃出来
flee away 逃离
【佳句背诵】
When the war brke ut, the railway statin was crwded with thusands f families trying t flee the city.
战争爆发时,火车站挤满了成千上万想要逃离这座城市的家庭。
【活学活用】
[单句填空]
After waiting an hur, he (flee) the village.
②Japanese peple are used t quickly (flee)frm buildings in an event f an earthquake.
③It’s very difficult fr scientists t explain exactly what causes animal (flee) r panic befre an earthquake.
[完成句子]
Hearing the dg barking fiercely, .
(用倒装句)
一听到狗狂吠,小偷就逃走了。
【答案】
① fled
② fleeing
③ t flee
④ away fled the thief
3.circumstance
circumstance n.(a fact r an event that makes a situatin the way it is)条件,情况;情形,形势(常用复数circumstances)
in/under the circumstances
在这种情况下
under any circumstances
在任何情况下
in/under n circumstances
绝不,无论如何都不(置于句首时,句子用部分倒装)
[温馨提示]
以下短语均表示“绝不”, 置于句首时,句子用部分倒装。
in n case; n n accunt; in n way; at n time; by n means; n n cnditin 等。
【佳句背诵】
There is nthing we can d t help Linda. Her circumstances are beynd ur cntrl.
我们帮不了琳达什么忙。她的处境是我们无法控制的。
【活学活用】
[单句填空]
the circumstances, it seemed better nt t tell him abut the accident.
②Once we make a decisin, in mst (circumstance), there is n ging back.
[完成句子]
③ It is bvius that we can’t deal with the prblem .
显然,直到我们了解全部情况后才能处理这个问题。
④Yungsters shuldn’t fllw negative infrmatin n mass media blindly .
→Under n circumstances n mass media blindly.
(用倒装句改写)
在任何情况下,青少年都不应盲目跟从大众媒体上的负面信息。
【答案】
① Under/In
② circumstances
③ until we knw all the circumstances
④ under any circumstances
shuld yungsters fllw negative infrmatin
4.fund
fund vt. (t bring smething int existence)创建; 建立
(1) fund…n/upn…(=base…n…)
把……基于……上, 把……建立在……之上
be funded n/upn…(=be based n…)
建立在……之上; 以……为基础或根据
(2) fundatin n.
基础;基金会;建立
build up/lay a slid fundatin fr…
为……奠定坚实的基础
【佳句背诵】
Peter Bullck was nt nly an exciting teacher, but als the man wh funded the debate club in my schl.
彼得·布洛克不仅是一位令人兴奋的老师, 他还是我校辩论俱乐部的发起人。
【活学活用】
[单句填空]
The whle thery was funded a mistaken belief.
②Ryan’s experience led him t set up a (fund) t encurage mre peple t help.
③One f the mst imprtant sites is Lake Tana itself, with many ancient mnasteries (fund)n Tana’s 37 islands.
[完成句子]
④It was fur years’ cllege life .
正是四年的大学生活为他的工作打下了坚实的基础。
⑤St. Luis was funded in 1764 by French traders, and tday it is the fifteenth largest urban area in the United States.
→ , St. Luis tday is the fifteenth largest urban area in the United States.
(用过去分词作状语改写)
【答案】
① n/upn
② fundatin
③ funded
④ that laid/built up a slid fundatin fr his wrk
⑤ Funded in 1764 by French traders
5.passin
passin n.(a very strng feeling f lve, hatred, anger, enthusiasm, etc.)酷爱;激情;热爱
(1) have a passin fr 酷爱,喜爱
have a passin t d sth 殷切希望做某事
(2) passinate adj. 热情的;怒不可遏的; 热烈的
be passinate abut… 对……充满热情
【佳句背诵】
While wrking there, ut f a strng passin fr knwledge, he cntinued t study, earning a dctrate in physics in 1905.
在那里工作期间,出于对知识的强烈热爱,他继续学习,于1905年获得物理学博士学位。
【活学活用】
[单句填空]
Our purpse is t make students develp a passin lifelng learning in a safe and secure envirnment.
②Tang is a (passin) dance, which brings the dancers tgether in a way wrds can’t express.
③Frm that day n, Mr Abtt had a passin (invent) a new kind f medicine.
[完成句子]
④He learning and travel, beginning with Russia, where he spent time as a yung man.
他对学习和旅行有着莫大的热情,他的旅程从俄罗斯开始,并在那里度过了他的青年时期。
⑤When she first arrived in China, she paper-cutting.
→ when she first arrived in China paper-cutting.
(用强调句改写)
她对剪纸的酷爱是在她第一次来到中国时培养起来的。
【答案】
① fr
② passinate
③ t invent
④ had a passin fr/was passinate abut
⑤ develped a passin fr；
It was；that she develped a passin fr
6.cme t pwer
cme t pwer 上台;执政
(be) in pwer 执政;当权
in ne’s pwer 在某人的掌控中
beynd ne’s pwer
=ut f ne’s pwer
某人力所不能的
d all/everything in ne’s pwer t d sth
尽某人所能做某事
[温馨提示]
cme t/int pwer 表动作, 为非延续性动词短语, 不能与一段时间连用; 延续性动词短语形式应用be in pwer执政, 在位(表状态)。
【佳句背诵】
Circumstances changed in 1933, when Hitler came t pwer in Germany.
1933年,希特勒在德国上台执政后,形势发生了变化。
【活学活用】
[单句填空]
The new law wuld give the president the pwer (appint) the central bank’s chairman.
The party has been pwer fr many years, and it has shwed its strengths in dealing with imprtant issues.
Nt that Jhn desn’t want t help yu, but that it’s his pwer.
[完成句子]
④After the Nazis in Germany, many scientists left Germany.
纳粹夺取了德国的政权之后,许多科学家都离开德国了。
⑤The lcal gvernment is trying its best t save the ancient building dating back t the Qing Dynasty.
→The lcal gvernment the ancient building dating back t the Qing Dynasty.
(同义句改写)
【答案】
① t appint
② in
③ beynd
④ came t pwer
⑤ is ding everything in its pwer t save
7.cnsequence
cnsequence n. (a result f sth that has happened) 结果; 后果; 影响
(1) as a cnsequence
=in cnsequence/as a result
结果,因此
as a cnsequence f
=in cnsequence f/as a result f
因为……;由于……
take/suffer/face the cnsequences (f sth)
承担(某事的)后果
(2) cnsequent adj.
作为结果的;随之而来的
cnsequently adv. 结果,因此
【佳句背诵】
It is as a cnsequence f
=in cnsequence f/as a result f
man’s activities that many species have died ut.
正是由于人类的活动,许多物种已经灭绝了。
【活学活用】
[单句填空]
The flight was delayed because f fg, and (cnsequent), he didn’t make it t his best friend’s wedding in time.
②Whether big r small, what all ur chices have in cmmn is that they lead t specific (cnsequence).
His death was ttally unexpected and, cnsequence, n plans had been made fr his replacement.
[完成句子]
④If yu insist n eating s much, yu’ll have t !
如果你坚持吃这么多,你会自食其果的!
⑤Shelly had her hspital experience. , she decided t becme a nurse.
→ her hspital experience, Shelly decided t becme a nurse.
(同义句改写)
由于有在医院工作的经验,雪莉决定当一名护士。
【答案】
① cnsequently
② cnsequences
③ in
④ suffer/take/face the cnsequences
⑤ As a cnsequence；As a cnsequence f
8.take up a psitin
take up a psitin 担任;任职
take up 继续;开始从事(一项新的工作)或开始承担(一项新的责任);占据空间、位置;接受(建议或挑战);学着做;拿起
take ff 脱掉;起飞;休假;开始成功
take n 雇用;呈现
take ver 接管
take in 收留;包括;理解;记住;欺骗
take dwn 拆掉;写下
take back 收回(所说的话)
【佳句背诵】
After spending time in Eurpe, he finally tk up a psitin as a researcher at the Institute fr Advanced Study in Princetn, USA.
在欧洲度过一段时间后,他终于在美国普林斯顿高等研究院谋得研究员一职。
【活学活用】
【一词多义】
①Smetimes, the smallest things take up the mst rm in yur heart.

②When did yu take up Japanese as a secnd freign language?

③Harry tk up the tale at the pint where Jhn had left ff.

④I tk up the telephne receiver nly t dial a wrng number.
[完成句子]
⑤It is said that Peter f the travel agency at the end f next mnth.
据说,彼得将在下个月月底担任旅行社的负责人。
⑥Sally has asked fr sick leave, and I have t fr a cuple f days.
萨莉请了病假,这几天我得接替她的工作。
【答案】
① 占据(时间、空间)
② 学习
③ 继续(中断的话)
④ 拿起
⑤ will take up his pst/psitin as the head
⑥ take ver her wrk
9.encunter
encunter vt. (t meet sb, r discver r experience sth, especially sb/sth new, unusual r unexpected) 偶然碰到;遇到 n. 邂逅;遭遇
(1) encunter sb/sth 偶然遇见……
encunter prblems/difficulties
遇到问题/困难
(2) an encunter with sb/sth
相遇/邂逅/遭遇……
[温馨提示]
表示“偶遇,遇见”的同义词有:
bump int, cme acrss, run int, meet with。
【佳句背诵】
In fact, Einstein ften encuntered peple n the street wh wuld stp him and ask him t help explain things.
事实上,爱因斯坦经常遇到当街拦住他,请他帮忙解释各种事情的人。
【活学活用】
[单句填空]
If yu undertake the prject, yu are bund (encunter) difficulties.
②Despite the hardship he (encunter), Mark never gave up the pursuit f knwledge.
③What impressed and inspired me mst were my (encunter) with yung peple.
[完成句子]
④I will never frget the great difficulty when I entered senir high schl.
我永远不会忘记我进入高中时在学习英语中遇到的巨大困难。
⑤It was at the airprt my high schl classmate yesterday, which gave me a big surprise.
昨天就在机场我遇到了我的高中同学,这让我感到很惊讶。
【答案】
① t encunter
② encuntered
③ encunters
④ (that/which) I encuntered in learning English
⑤ that I encuntered
10.sum
sum vi.(t state the main pints f sth in a shrt and clear frm)总结;概括; n. (an amunt f mney)金额,款项;总数
(1) a sum f 一笔……
in sum 总之;总而言之
(2) sum up
=give a summary f
总结;概括
t sum up
=in summary=t summarize
总之;概括地说
(3) summary n. 总结;概括;概要
(4) summarize v. 总结,概述
[温馨提示]
“总之”的表达法还有:
in a wrd, in shrt, in brief, in cnclusin, all in all。
【佳句背诵】
(1)Use yur ntes t write yur intrductin and sum up hw yu feel abut the persn.
用你的笔记写你的介绍,并总结你对这个人的看法。
(2)T sum up, being a gd jurnalist requires writing skills, curisity and cmmitment t finding the truth.
总而言之,做一名好记者需要写作技巧、好奇心和发现真相的决心。
【活学活用】
[单句填空]
She left large sum f mney in her will t fund a wildlife sanctuary.
②Hwever, (sum) up an entire career in just 140 characters is a challenge fr many jb hunters.
③Our teacher asked us t write a (summarize)f the stry.
[完成句子]
④ , we can’t cntinue the prject unless we have mre wrkers.
总之,除非我们有更多的工人,否则我们就不能继续进行这个项目了。
⑤Many peple spke at the meeting, and finally the chairman summarized the discussin.
→Many peple spke at the meeting, and finally the chairman .
(用sum up改写)
→Many peple spke at the meeting, and finally the chairman .
(用summary改写)
【答案】
① a
② summing
③ summary
④ T sum up
⑤ summed up the discussin
gave a summary f the discussin
11. persuade
v. (cause sb t d sth by giving them gd reasns fr ding it)说服;劝说
(1) persuade sb t d sth
=persuade/talk sb int ding sth
说服某人做某事
persuade sb nt t d sth
=persuade/talk sb ut f ding sth
说服某人不做某事
try t persuade sb t d sth
尽力劝说某人做某事
(2)persuasive adj.有说服力的,令人信服的
【佳句背诵】
(1)Despite all my effrts t persuade him t give up smking, he never made up his mind.
虽然我尽力劝他别吸烟了,但他还是下不了决心。
(2)We had managed t persuade them that it was wrth wrking with us.
我们已经让他们相信与我们合作是值得的。
活学活用
[单句填空]
①Over the last seven years, public service campaigns have tried a wide range f methds (persuade) peple t put dwn their phnes when they are behind the wheel.
② (persuade) parents t allw children t take up the game has been a significant challenge.
③Brwn believes England has t put frward a (persuade) argument in rder t win supprt frm ther natins.
[完成句子]
④While shpping, peple smetimes can’t help smething they dn’t really need.
在购物时,人们有时禁不住被说服买一些他们并不真正需要的东西。
【答案】
① t persuade
② Persuading
③ persuasive
④ being persuaded int buying/being persuaded t buy
12.switch
vi. & vt. (使)改变; 转变; 转换; 交换
n. (a change frm ne thing t anther, especially when this is sudden and cmplete) 开关; 转换器; 改变
(1) switch n (=turn n) 开(电灯、机器等),接通(电流等)
switch ff
=turn ff
关(电灯、机器等),切断(电流等)
switch (ver) frm…t…
从……转换到……
(2) switch n.开关;转换器;改变
make a switch (frm…) t
(从……)转变为
【佳句背诵】
When yu are n vacatin abrad, yu can use a smart hme cntrller t switch n r ff the electricity when necessary.
当你在国外度假时,你可以在必要时使用智能家居控制器来打开或关闭电源。
活学活用
[单句填空]
Accrding t the airline rules, yu shuld switch yur mbile phne befre barding.
②We’d take the train int the city centre, then a bus, (switch) t the train, and then maybe a taxi.
[完成句子]/一句多译
③Please ensure that befre yu leave the ffice.
你离开办公室之前,请务必将所有灯都关掉。
④He tk up the vilin at the age f five, and five years later.
→He tk up the vilin at the age f five, five years later.
(用分词改写)
他五岁时开始学习小提琴,五年后转而学习钢琴。
【答案】
① ff
② switching
③ all the lights are switched ff
④ switched t the pian
switched t the pian
13.distant
adj. (far away in space r time)遥远的;远处的;疏远的
(1)distance n. 距离,间距
at a distance 隔一段距离;从远处
in the distance 在远处
at a distance f… 在……的距离
keep sb at a distance
对某人冷淡;与某人疏远
keep distance frm 与某人保持距离
(2)distance vt. 拉开距离; 与……疏远
distance neself frm
使自己疏远……;使自己不介入……
【佳句背诵】
It is believed that driverless cars will enter thusands f husehlds in the nt-t-distant future.
相信在不久的未来,无人驾驶汽车一定会走进千家万户。
活学活用
[单句填空]
He saw the huse frm a (distant) f abut a blck, and his heart began t jump.
②The mtrcycle let ff steam with a lud nise and then disappeared the distance quickly.
③As a wise leader, she needs t distance herself sme f her mre extreme supprters.
[完成句子]
④It is advised that peple , avid crwded areas, and wear masks whenever they’re in public.
建议人们与他人保持社交距离,避免去拥挤的地方,并在公共场合无论何时都戴口罩。
【答案】
① distance
② in
③ frm
④ (shuld) keep scial distance frm thers
14.secure
adj. 稳固的,牢固的;安全的, 放心的 vt.获得; 拴牢; 保护
(1)a secure jb/incme 稳定的工作/收入
(2)secure…against/frm…
保护……使其免于……
(3)security n. 保护措施;安全工作
(4)securely adv.安全地
【佳句背诵】
(1)These smart hmes will keep us secure, save us energy, and prvide a mre cmfrtable envirnment t live in.(教材P14)
这些智能家居将保障我们的安全,为我们节省能源,给我们提供一个更为舒适的居住环境。
(2)It is high time that immediate measures shuld be taken t secure the farmland against shifting sand.
现在是应该立即采取措施保护农田免遭流沙侵袭的时候了。
[单句填空]
①Yu culd lk fr a career in big cities where envirnmental jbs are better paid and (secure).
②The health (secure) systems f many cuntries are underging
cnsiderable transfrmatin.
③Only when glbal ecnmic recvery is achieved can the recvery f natinal ecnmies (secure).
[完成句子]
④Althugh he wrked abrad fr three years, he fund it hard in his wn cuntry.
虽然他在国外工作了三年,但他发现在自己的国家很难找到一份合适的工作。
【答案】
① mre secure
② security
③ be secured
t secure a suitable jb