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    重难点38 短文填空之自由填空-2023年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练(全国通用)

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    短文自由填空题型满分技巧
    1. 解题步骤:
    (1)快速浏览,了解大意。对于简单把握的空,可以先填出来;
    (2)上下求索,填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系,填出正确的词以及正确的形式;
    (3)通读全文,检查确认。特别要注意,根据文章意思,有些空是否要加入否定前缀。
    2.无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词、代词、介词、连词(并列连词和从属连词)等虚词。
    (1)名词前面一般用冠词、代词或介词等。
    (2)如果需要填入代词,就要考虑到是人称代词的主格、宾格或物主代词的变化、指示代词的用法;
    (3)并列的两个或多个单词,短语,或句子之间设空,一般填入并列连词and, but, r等;
    (4)两句之间,如果不是并列句,则很可能是主从句,因此需要填入从属连词(what,which, wh, hw, when等)。或者是宾语从句,定语从句或者是状语从句的连接词。这种空格需要同学们根据句子结构,分析到底是什么从句,从而选择合适的从属连词。
    把语法知识测试全部放在语篇中进行,旨在考查考生在语篇中综合运用语言知识的能力。它不但要求考生有扎实的词汇、语法等基础知识和对句型结构的灵活运用能力,而且还要求考生有良好的语感和一定的阅读理解能力。
    自由填空是中考短文填空中难度最大的,这种题目因题型的开放性和综合性而备受关注。试题特点是一篇短文挖空8—10个单词,且没有任何提示,让考生根据短文内容自由填词,难度较大,主观性较强,有时可能出现多种答案。
    典例解析
    下文是是关于以良好习惯开始青少年生活的小贴士(tips),请根据上下文,把短文填充完整,每空一词。
    【短文大意】
    本文是关于以良好习惯开始青少年生活的建议:课上要活跃;要有足够的休息;养成健康的习惯。
    【答案解析】
    【1题详解】
    句意:在课堂上演讲可能很难,但它有助于让你感到更自信.
    连词but前后表示转折关系,but后表示在课上做演讲的好处,因此but前表示在课上做演讲的困难,作为系动词be的表语,用形容词,故填difficult。
    【2题详解】
    句意:如果你回答错了,也没关系。
    根据“All smart students d and yur classmates wn't really care.”可知,聪明的学生都这么做(犯错误),你的同学不会真的在乎。因此如果回答错了,也没有关系。故填if。
    【3题详解】
    句意:人们累了就不能很好地工作或学习或做事。
    根据“Make sure yu get enugh sleep and take study breaks.”可知,确保你有足够的睡眠和学习休息。因此人们累了就不能很好地工作,学习或做事。故填wrk/study/d。
    【4题详解】
    句意:从小养成好习惯能帮助你拥有健康的未来。
    start …with…用……开始……,用好习惯开始,with gd habits。故填with。
    【5题详解】
    句意:做一些运动,吃健康的食物。
    根据“Develp healthy habits”和“eat”可知,要养成健康的习惯,因此要吃健康的食物,故填fd。
    (2022·重庆·统考中考真题)根据下面短文内容,在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词,使短文完整、通顺。
    Miss Wang recently had a wrrying experience.
    One mrning, just as she arrived at her ____1____, Wang nticed sme missed calls frm her mther. “It must be smething very imprtant,” she thught t herself.
    Right away, she called her mther ____2____ quite wrriedly. T her surprise, Wang fund her mther nly wanted her charger (充电器), which Wang tk t the ffice by mistake.
    When Wang hurried hme frm her ffice, she fund her mther’s ____3____ was still 70% charged. And her mther was wrried that it wuld run ut f pwer as she cntinued using it.
    Nw Wang realizes the seriusness f the prblem. Her mther ____4____ eight hurs a day playing games, reading news and watching shrt vides nline. And her mther has prblems like pr eyesight, headache and s n.
    This stry is nt special and Wang’s mther is nt ____5____. She is just ne in a grwing ppulatin f the ld wh lse themselves in playing with phnes. As the ld have ____6____ chances t jin in scial activities, a smart phne is the best way t kill time.
    But t much time n phne can cause many prblems. “Be careful when using yur phnes, ____7____ yu will be easily fled!” Althugh the ld are always warned like this, nline frauds (欺骗) still happen t them. Nw there are mre family prblems. Actin shuld be taken.
    Fr the ld, they shuld cntrl their screen time and get enugh rest. The yung, fr their part, shuld ften visit the ld, and help them learn mre abut nline safety s that they can ____8____ themselves. Als, the yung can d mre activities with the ld like talking, walking and traveling, r encurage them t learn smething at the universities fr the aged.
    (2022·重庆·统考中考真题)根据下面短文内容,在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词,使短文完整、通顺。
    As students, yu shuld study hard. Mre imprtantly, yu shuld study in a smart way. Try these methds belw.
    Spaced Repetitin
    Accrding t Ebbinghaus, yu’ll ____9____ easily if yu dn’t review in time. After yu read yur study material fr the first time, yu’d better cme back t it 6 hurs later, then 24 hurs later, 3 days later, 7 days later r even 14 days later and abve. Repeat it ____10____ least 5 times, and yu can almst remember everything.
    Jim Kwik's Technique(方法)
    Accrding t Jim Kwik, an expert n reading and the memry, the key t understanding yur reading material is t ask questin. Yu can put a line dwn the ____11____ f a piece f paper. On the left, take ntes f key infrmatin,while n the right, write dwn 3 kinds f questins—hw, when and why. Amng the questins, the mst imprtant ____12____ is hw yu can use the key infrmatin. Cnnect it with the knwledge yu’ve ____13____ knwn. And think abut what real life prblems yu can slve by using it. This helps t keep the infrmatin yur mind.
    The Feynman Technique
    Studies shw students can understand what they’ve learned better when they ____14____ smene else. The Feynman technique includes 4 basic steps. First, study. Secnd, teach what yu’ve just learned t smene with zer knwledge f the subject in ____15____ wrds. Third, find ut which parts yu can explain well and which parts yu can’t. G back t the bk and try t understand the tpic nce again. Furth, repeat the steps abve ____16____ yu can explain the tpic withut lking at the bk.
    (2022·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题)根据短文内容,在文中空格处填上一个恰当的词,使短文完整、通顺。
    Hw des the tea plant grw? This term, sme students gt their answers in the schl’s rftp(屋顶) garden. Many schls have built small gardens n their teaching building’s rftp. Sme students planted tea plants there. While taking ___17___ f tea plants, they als did experiments t learn mre abut tea.
    Hw t ___18___ egg sup and sandwiches? Sme students learned t ck in an after-schl cking club. T parents’ __19__, their kids culd ck sme simple dishes in a shrt time.
    In the past, Chinese children were smetimes busier after schl ___20___ they had t take s many after-schl classes. Nw, students jin all kinds f clubs. Why d students have free time t ___21___ up their hbbies? Because China has intrduced the “duble reductin” plicy(双减政策). It hpes t ease(减轻) students’ learning burden(负担) __22__ reducing hmewrk and after-schl classes.
    Students’ lives have changed a lt since the plicy was carried ut. On the ne hand, their hmewrk is clearly ___23___ than befre, they aren’t encuraged t buy wrkbks(练习册) any mre. Teenagers have mre chances t get knwledge frm the real life. This is a much better way than just hitting the bks. On the ther hand, students spend mre time ___24___ after-schl clubs. They get lts f life skills frm these clrful clubs and have enugh time t relax and think fr ___25___. It’s believed ___26___ the “duble reductin” plicy makes a difference t students’ lives.
    (2022·山西·统考中考真题)请阅读下面短文,根据语篇内容,在空白处填入恰当的单词,使短文通顺、连贯。每空一词。
    (2022·河南·统考中考真题)阅读短文,根据语篇要求填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
    (2022·广东·统考中考真题)请阅读下面短文,在所给的每个空格中填入一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
    Wuld yu like t start yur day with a cup f tea? If the answer is ____42____, yu may have the same habit as many peple.
    Yu may nt knw ____43____ ppular tea is. Amng all kinds f drinks, tea is ne f the tw chices. Peple like it because it is ____44____ fr their health.
    Tea is mstly prduced ____45____ Asian cuntries like China and India. Chinese peple started t drink tea as early as 5,000 years ____46____. At that time, peple made tea in a simple way just put fresh tea leaves int ht ____47____.
    Tea wasn’t intrduced int Eurpe until the early 17th century. And nw it has ____48____ ppular in Eurpe and America. Peple there like t ____49____ tea with sugar r milk in it. As the ppulatin f tea drinkers gets larger, tea business is getting ____50____ imprtant than befre.
    The first Internatinal Tea Day was n May 21st, 2020. Since then, peple have celebrated ____51____ every year. The Day makes peple realize the imprtance f tea wrkers
    (2022·内蒙古赤峰·统考中考真题)阅读短文,根据语篇内容填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
    (2022·吉林·统考中考真题)请将下面电子邮件的节选内容补充完整,每空不超过两个单词。
    (2022·内蒙古通辽·统考中考真题)阅读短文,根据语篇意义填空,使短文通顺,意思完整,每空限填一词。
    All arund the wrld, families celebrate special days tgether. Traditins fr these days ___62___ been very different. Sme f them may surprise yu.
    Families in mst cuntries have a special day t celebrate mthers. In Serbia, this day is n ___63___ secnd Sunday befre Christmas. On that day, children sneak (溜) int their mther’s bedrm and tie her feet with ribbn s that she can’t get ut f bed. Then they shut, “Mther’s Day, Mther’s Day! What will yu pay ___64___ get away?” Then the mther gives them presents s that the kids “free” her.
    In China, they say that babies are ne year ld when they are brn. After that, all children celebrate their birthdays n New Year’s Day because that’s when they grw a year ___65___. Actual birthdays are usually celebrated with a big family meal. The traditin is that the “birthday by” r “birthday girl” shuld fill their muth with as ___66___ lng ndles as they can and then eat them. This is because in Chinese culture, lng ndles are a symbl f lng life.
    (2022·四川巴中·统考中考真题)阅读下面短文,根据短文内容在空白处填入恰当的词,并用其正确形式使短文完整、通顺、正确。将答案写到答题卡上相应的位置。
    I haven’t seen my teacher Mr. Jenkins since I finished schl, but I ften think abut him. I wasn’t gd at mst schl ____67____. The nly thing that I culd remember is where the rain cmes frm! Hwever, when I was 15 and went in Mr. Jenkins’ class, everything changed.
    Befre I ____68____ by Mr. Jenkins, science had simply been a subject full f strange wrds t me. I didn’t knw what CO2 was and I didn’t really want t knw, ____69____. I fund it s bring and difficult, but Mr. Jenkins made everything interesting. He used t teach things ____70____ seemed difficult with lts f examples and in simple language. One day, he even tk us utside and built a rcket! I remember that he let us ____71____ sme fuel(燃料)int the rcket, and then anther student lit a match t set ____72____ ff. It was great fun.
    I knw that I wasn’t smart, ____73____ Mr. Jenkins made me feel that I had my wn strengths. Then, I became ____74____ active student in learning new things. I was ____75____ in the study f the stars and planets and he asked me t give a reprt t the class. Nw I take a jb as a science teacher ____76____ Mr. Jenkins.
    Tips fr teenagers
    Step 1: Be active in class
    Giving a speech in class might be___1___ but it helps t make yu feel mre cnfident(自信). It's OK___2___ yu give the wrng answer. All smart students d and yur classmates wn't really care.
    Step 2: Getting enugh rest
    Peple can't ___3___ well when they are tired. Make sure yu get enugh sleep and take study breaks.
    Step 3: Develp healthy habits
    Starting yur yung life ___4___gd habits helps yu have a healthy future. D sme exercise and eat healthy___5___.
    Kids’ Bdy LanguageD yu want t knw yur kids well? If s, just start with their bdy language.
    We all talk, but mst f the talking is bdy language. Yu may nt ntice it, ___27___ we use bdy language much mre than we think.
    Usually kids’ bdy language is the same ___28___ adults’, and smetimes it sends a different message. Here are sme examples. Let’s see what they mean.
    Nt standing straightA kid ___29___ desn’t stand straight may feel unhappy r just feel a bit dwn. He might nt feel very gd abut himself, r ___30___ might just be thinking abut smething else! It’s nt always easy t say, and mst f the time he wn’t tell yu ___31___ is the matter.
    My advice: if there are n health prblems, dn’t care.
    Nt lking yu in the eyeA kid wh desn’t lk yu in the eye may nt believe in himself, r he may be afraid ___32___ his elders. He may als feel uncmfrtable lking at anybdy. There ___33___ a few things that yu can d. Try t d things with them that dn’t require lking at yu. Yu culd als pretend(假装) nt t ntice it.
    My advice: ___34___ they are smart, friendly and plite, it’ll prbably be OK.
    If yu are interested ___35___ kids’ bdy language, welcme t my crner. We will talk mre abut it frm 8:00 ___36___ 9:00 p.m. n Mnday.
    Carls
    A great saying always helps a lt. There ____37____ a lt f great Chinese sayings and many f them are abut hw t live ____38____ gd life. What’s yur favrite Chinese saying? Vte (投票) fr yur favrite saying and tell us why yu like it.
    Rebecca
    My favrite saying is, “T have faults (错误) and nt t crrect them, this, indeed, is t have faults.” I agree with the saying. Fr example, ____39____ tk me much time t learn new wrds when I began learning Chinese. I didn’t want t put in the time t practice. That was my greatest weakness. S I try ____40____ crrect it by finding an enjyable way t study. Reading is really a gd start.
    Rsa
    “When I have tw thers with me, I can always find ne t be my teacher” is ne f my favrites. Whenever I practice ____41____ my classmates, I will think f this great saying. I can learn a lt frm thers, even frm the mistakes.
    Frm:
    Li Hua
    T:
    Mr. Ga
    Subject:
    Invitatin
    Dear Mr. Ga,Our class is planning t have a party t say gdbye t ur middle schl life. I’m writing t ____52____ yu t jin us. Please cme t ur classrm at 7:00 p. m. n June 30th. During ____53____ past three years, we have learned a lt frm yu, nt nly knwledge but als the way ____54____ slve prblems in life. We will share the sweet memries and talk ____55____ ur dreams at the party. All f us want t give thanks t yu. Withut yur help, we wn’t have s much wnderful time.
    We are ____56____ frward t yur reply.
    Yurs,
    Li Hua
    Frm: Jimmy
    T: Tm
    Frm: Tm
    T: Jimmy
    Hi, Tm! D yu still remember ur cnversatin abut ging t the cinema? Well, the ____57____ Spider Man be shwn next week. ____58____ ging t see it tgether? I’ve heard it’s very gd.
    That sunds great! When wuld yu like t g? I’m busy this week, ____59____ I will be free next Mnday. I can ____60____ the tickets nline. They’re ____61____, and we can save sme mney.
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