高中英语2024届高考复习近三年高考真题分类练习（代词介词介词短语+形容词副词+冠词名词+动词动词短语）（附参考答案和解析）

这是一份高中英语2024届高考复习近三年高考真题分类练习（代词介词介词短语+形容词副词+冠词名词+动词动词短语）（附参考答案和解析），共17页。试卷主要包含了代词，形容词，冠词与名词，动词和动词短语等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、代词、介词、介词短语
【2023年】
1.（2023年新高考I卷）There yu will find them prepared differently—mre dumpling and less sup, and the wrappers are pressed _______ hand rather than rlled.
2.（2023年新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them t be lifted ut f the steamer basket withut tearing r spilling any f ________ (they) cntents.
3.（2023年新高考II卷）And wh d they speak English ________?
4.（2023年浙江卷1月） Thanks t Beijing’s lng histry capital f China, almst every hutng has its stries, and sme are even assciated with histric events.
【2022年】
1.（2022年新高考I卷）Giant pandas als serve ______ an umbrella species(物种), bringing prtectin t a hst f plants and animals in the suthwestern and nrthwestern parts f China.(用适当的词填空)
2.（2022年北京卷）Helen was walking dwn the street late ________ the evening, her arms filled with grcery bags. (用适当的词填空)
3.（2022年天津卷）I’m far________ and I’ll never get this reprt dne by Friday.
A.belw surface
B.beynd cntrl
C.behind schedule
D.abve average
4.（2022年北京卷）Since peple can’t always eat ut r ck fr ________ (they), they get takeut r rder delivery.
5.（2022年浙江卷6月）Lu Gandarias, wh’s nw thirteen, went blind suddenly ________ age seven.
【2021年】
1.（2021年浙江卷1月）The study fund that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased ________ 2.1 in wmen and men.(用适当的词填空)
2.（2021年浙江卷6月）In 1844 they bught it ________ ＄1,200 and sme land frm Charles Dresser.（用适当的词填空）
3.（2021年浙江卷6月）She was extremely pretty, and her huse was a reflectin f ________ (she), everything in gd taste and in perfect rder.（所给词的适当形式填空）
4.（2021年北京卷）While riding his bike hme ________ a cld night，he came acrss a sad-lking elderly wman wandering the streets by herself.
二、形容词、副词
【2023年】
1.（2023年新高考I卷）Xia lng ba(sup dumplings), thse amazing cnstructins f delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing ht, ________(taste) sup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favrite Chinese street fd.
2.（2023年新高考I卷）N matter where I buy them, ne steamer is _______(rare) enugh, yet tw seems greedy, s I am always left wanting mre next time.
3.（2023年新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right befre the arrival f the tw new pandas, Meng Meng and Jia Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the z t feel mre cmfrtable and ________ (cnfidence) speaking English.
4.（2023年新高考II卷）S, what are they learning? ________ (basic), hw t describe a panda’s life.
5.（2023年浙江卷1月）The term “hutng”, (riginal)meaning “water well” in Mnglian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
6.（2023年浙江卷1月）The hutngs they frmed were rderly, lined by 61 (space)hmes and walled gardens.
【2022年】
1.（2022年新高考I卷）The GPNP’s main gal is t imprve cnnectivity between separate ppulatins and hmes f giant pandas, and _________ (eventual)achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.（所给词的适当形式填空）
2.（2022年新高考II卷） They bth fell _________ (sleep) while watching TV.
3.（2022年新高考II卷）When he lked dwn, he ________ (accidental ) slipped and fell ver the edge.
4.(2022年浙江卷1月)On a website called N Fly Climate Sci, fr example, __________(rugh) 200 academics - many f them climate scientists have prmised t fly as little as pssible since the effrt started tw years ag.(所给词的适当形式填空)
5.(2022年北京卷) That’s a big prblem and it is getting even ________ (bad).
6.（2022年浙江卷6月）Blind peple recgnize shapes with their ________ (exist) senses, in a way similar t that f ________ (sight )peple, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
7.（2022年天津卷）The experienced climber was________ the ptential danger in such extreme weather and decided t wait until the fllwing day.
A.cmpletely blind t
B.ttally lst in
C.pretty keen n
D.well aware f
【2021年】
1.（2021年新高考1卷）The ht spring at the ft f the muntain is smething yu must try after the climb.It will ___ (undubted) help yu get refreshed!
2.（2021年新高考1卷）But that's hw nature is—always leaving us ___ (astnish).
3.（2021年新高考II卷）I tld him hw ________(harm) plastic culd be t the envirnment and asked him t cnsider using mre ec-friendly ptins.
4.（2021年新高考II卷） I was s________(excite) when he wrte back t me.He said he wuld make sure that the cmpany cut its use f plastic straws in half.
5.（2021年浙江卷）When the huse was built, it was much ___ (small) than it is tday.
6.（2021年浙江卷）But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural peple in many cuntries had narrwed ___ (sharp).
7.（2021年1月浙江卷）This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple living in the cuntryside, including ___ (lw) levels f incme and educatin, higher csts f healthy fds, and fewer sprts facilities.
8.（2021年天津卷单选）As wrking frm hme becmes ___ cmmn, peple are finding it easier t cmbine parenthd with a full-time career.
A.increasingly B.equally C.nervusly D.cnfusingly
9.（2021年天津卷单选）While rck-climbing, yu need t remain very s that yu wn't make any dangerus errrs.
A.satisfied B.fcused C.amused D.delighted
10.(2021年北京卷)Sam walked her t a nearby cnvenience stre s that she culd ________（safe） wait fr the plice t take her hme.
三、冠词与名词
【2023年】
1.（2023年新高考I卷） The meat shuld be fresh with ______ tuch f sweetness and the sup ht, clear and delicius.
2.（2023年新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right befre the ________ (arrive) f the tw new pandas, Meng Meng and Jia Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the z t feel mre cmfrtable and cnfident speaking English.
3.（2023年新高考II卷）Nt the pandas, even thugh ________ language used fr the medical training instructins is actually English.
4.（2023年新高考II卷）They als need t be ready t give ________ (interview) in English with internatinal jurnalists.
5.（2023年浙江卷1月）In cntrast t the curt life and upper-class culture represented by the Frbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple f Heaven, the hutngs reflect culture f grassrts Beijingers.
6.（2023年浙江卷1月）Thanks t Beijing’s lng histry as capital f China, almst every hutng has its stries, and sme are even assciated with histric (event).
【2022年】
1.（2022年新高考I卷）Cvering an area abut three times ________ size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.（用适当的词填空）
2.（2022年浙江 1月）Cbb, fr her party, started t ask cnference rganizers wh invited her t speak if she culd d s remtely; abut three-quarters f ________ time, they agreed.（用适当的词填空）
3.（2022年新高考1卷）The GPNP’s main gal is t imprve cnnectivity between separate ________ (ppulatin) and hmes f giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.(用适当的词填空)
4.（2022年天津卷）When peple are depressed, sme experience a lss f________ while thers can’t stp eating.
A.appetite
B.pwer
C.memry
D.sight
5.（2022年浙江卷6月）Jhn Olsn, a frmer ________ (phtgraph)and his team turn paintings int fully textured 3D mdels.
6.（2022年浙江卷6月）The tactile(可触知的)paintings wrk as a way t shw art t ________ blind because we dn’t see with just Our eyes: We see with ur brains.
7.（2022年浙江卷6月）Fr Luc, this means ________ (independent).
【2021年】
1.（2021年新高考I卷）While yu’re in China, Munt Huangshan is ________ must t visit! (用适当的词填空)
2.（2021年全国I卷）The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we ______ (human) are.(所给词的适当形式填空)
3.（2021年浙江卷1月 )It is calculated by dividing a ______ (persn) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI f between 19 and 25 is cnsidered healthy.(所给词的适当形式填空)
4.（2021年浙江卷 )________ Linclns enlarged the huse t a full tw stries in 1856 t meet the needs f their grwing family.（用适当的词填空）
5.(2021年浙江卷 )In 1844 they bught it fr $1,200 and sme land frm Charles Dresser, wh perfrmed their ________（marry）ceremny in 1842.(所给词的适当形式填空)
6.(2021年天津卷)Great imprvements in public health have been brught abut by ________ in medical science.
A.traditins B.advances C.pressures D.examples
7.（2021年北京卷）Scientists aren't cmpletely sure,and they have diverse________(idea).
四、动词和动词短语
【2023年】
1.（2023年新高考I卷完形填空）As reprted by a lcal newspaper, Bailey was mre than tw-thirds f the way thrugh her race when a runner in frnt f her began crying in pain.She ____25____ t help her fellw runner, Danielle Lenue.
B.returned C.stpped D.prmised
2.（2023年新高考II卷）As a little girl, I ________ (wish) t be a zkeeper when I grew up.Nw, I’m living ut that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers d their jb in English.
3.（新高考II卷完形填空）It just ___44___ that I was planning anther PNP flight with anther pilt, Karen, wh ___45___ t take Tiffy frm Kansas City t Virginia.What I was t d was fly t Tpeka t ___46___ Tiffy.
B.prved C.happened D.shwed
B.ffered C.hurried D.failed
ff B.lk fr C.hand ver D.pick up
4.（2023年浙江卷1月完形填空）
I 44 beekeeper Ziyad ver a wide stretch f grassland befre entering a thick jungle.Ziyad began preparatins.He 45 handfuls f damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the bunch t create a trch(火把).Then, with ne end f a rpe tied t his waist and the ther end arund the trunk f a tree, Ziyad began 47 .He stpped every few minutes t mve the rpe higher up the tree trunk.
B.recgnised C.fllwed D.invited
B.cleaned C.drpped D.checked
B.lit C.measured D.decrated
B.talking C.testing D.climbing
【2022年】
1.(2022年新高考1卷完形填空) Anther time, we rented a bat in Vallecit Lake.The sky was clear when we ___41___, but strms mve in fast in the muntains, and this ne quickly ___42___ ur peaceful mrning trip.
up B.calmed dwn C.checked ut D.headed ff
B.interrupted C.cmpleted D.recrded
2.(2022年新高考II卷) Over the past 38 years, Mr.Wang has pretended t be smene else many times,and has even learned t ____41____ different dialects（方言），leading t him being described as an “Oscar-winning actr".
B.cmpare C.assess D.speak
3.(2022年新高考II卷) In the 1990s, a grup f thieves ften sld stlen gds with the help f sme beggars.T lk int the _44.case__，Wang disguised（伪装）himself and ____45____ the beggars.
B.jined C.arrested D.assisted
4.(2022年1月浙江卷)“I was simply_________a terrible experience,” Ms.Burdeyney said at her hme in Trnt.
A.getting ver B.ging thrugh C.hlding n D.passing dwn
5.（2022年天津卷）If we cntinue t________ envirnmental prblems, we will regret it sner r later.
A.highlight B.identify C.ignre D.prevent
6.（2022年浙江卷6月完形填空）It is smething that every manager shuld wrk hard t _________ amng their team.
A.assess B.rganize C.develp D.understand
7.（2022年浙江卷6月完形填空）Fr example teaching Jacky t swim means he has t __________ that, when he’s swimming in the big pl, I’ll cme t his rescue if his dggy paddle lets him dwn.
B.believe C.suggest D.imagine
【2021年】
1.（2021年新高考I卷完形填空）I’d ____45____ minimum wage.I’d see hw a factry____46____.My parents thught all f this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their _47.permissin_.
B.earn C.set D.suggest
B.clsed C.develped D.survived
2.(2021年天津卷) Henry David Threau was happy t ________ frm scial life, seeking a harmnius relatinship with nature in the quietness f his life.
A.judge B.differ C.withdraw D.benefit
3.(2021年6月浙江卷)At this stre, peple ________ and then g ff t the side t bag their wn grceries.My mther was putting her grceries int shpping bags when a stranger came up her and said.
A.shw up B.call in C.check ut D.sit dwn
4.(2021年6新高考1卷完形填空)________ a bit and the cakes pile up.As I tld my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little mre high-pressure than I’d expected.
A.Calm dwn B.Slw dwn C.Stay n D.Mve n
5.(2021年天津卷) With that thught in mind, Pruitt ________ a plan and psted it n the cmmunity website.
A.came up with B.stuck t C.gave up D.brke away frm
6.(2021年浙江卷1月语法填空) It is calculated by dividing a persn’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared.and a BMI f between 19 and 25 ________ (cnsider) healthy.
附：参考答案和解析（教师版）
一、代词、介词、介词短语
【2023年】
1.（2023年新高考I卷）There yu will find them prepared differently—mre dumpling and less sup, and the wrappers are pressed _______ hand rather than rlled.
【答案】by
【详解】考查介词。固定搭配，by hand“用手”。句意：在那里，你会发现是不一样准备的——多饺子，少汤，包装是用手压的而不是卷的。
2.（2023年新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them t be lifted ut f the steamer basket withut tearing r spilling any f ________ (they) cntents.
【答案】their
【详解】考查代词。修饰后面的名词 cntents（东西）需用形容词性物主代词their 。
3.（2023年新高考II卷）And wh d they speak English ________?
【答案】with
【详解】考查介词。句意：他们和谁说英语？分析句子结构可知，根据句意此处强调双向交流，应用固定搭配：speak with sb.意“与某人交谈”。故填with。
4.（2023年浙江卷1月） Thanks t Beijing’s lng histry capital f China, almst every hutng has its stries, and sme are even assciated with histric events.
【答案】as
【详解】考查介词。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知，空格处译为“作为”，as是介词意为“作为”，符合句意。故填as。
【2022年】
1.（2022年新高考I卷）Giant pandas als serve ______ an umbrella species(物种), bringing prtectin t a hst f plants and animals in the suthwestern and nrthwestern parts f China.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】as
【详解】考查介词。句意：大熊猫还充当（扮演）着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。serve as “充当”是固定搭配。故填as。
2.（2022年北京卷）Helen was walking dwn the street late ________ the evening, her arms filled with grcery bags. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】in
【详解】考查介词。句意：深夜，海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening意为“在晚上”，固定搭配。故in。
3.（2022年天津卷）I’m far________ and I’ll never get this reprt dne by Friday.
A.belw surface
B.beynd cntrl
C.behind schedule
D.abve average
【答案】C
【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我远远落后于预定计划，我将无法在星期五之前完成这份报告。A.belw surface地表以下；B.beynd cntrl无法控制；C.behind schedule落后于预定计划；D.abve average高于平均水平。根据句中“I’ll never get this reprt dne by Friday”可知，我无法在星期五之前完成这份报告，由此可知，我远远落后于预定计划，“behind schedule”意为“落后于预定计划”，符合语境。故选C项。
4.（2022年北京卷）Since peple can’t always eat ut r ck fr ________ (they), they get takeut r rder delivery.
【答案】themselves
【详解】考查反身代词。句意：因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭，所以他们叫外卖或者预定配送服务。空处在句中作介词fr的宾语，当主语和宾语为同一物时，宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
5.（2022年浙江卷6月）Lu Gandarias, wh’s nw thirteen, went blind suddenly ________ age seven.
【答案】at
【详解】考查介词。句意：Luc Gandarias今年13岁，7岁时突然失明。表示在多大年龄时，用介词at。故填at。
【2021年】
1.（2021年浙江卷1月）The study fund that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased ________ 2.1 in wmen and men.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】by
【详解】考查介词。句意：该研究发现，1985年至2017年期间，农村地区女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。这里是说在1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均BMI值“增加了”2.1，故此处填介词by表示增加的幅度，故填by。
2.（2021年浙江卷6月）In 1844 they bught it ________ ＄1,200 and sme land frm Charles Dresser.（用适当的词填空）
【答案】fr
【详解】考查介词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·戴瑞德手中买下了它和一些土地。“buy sth.fr+价格”为固定搭配，表示“花……钱买某物”。故填fr。
3.（2021年浙江卷6月）She was extremely pretty, and her huse was a reflectin f ________ (she), everything in gd taste and in perfect rder.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】herself
【详解】考查反身代词。句意：她非常漂亮，并且她的房子就是她的写照，每件东西都摆放整齐，品味也很好。结合语意，她的房子是她自己的写照，空处应用反身代词herself表示“她自己”，作介词f的宾语。故填herself。
4.（2021年北京卷）While riding his bike hme ________ a cld night，he came acrss a sad-lking elderly wman wandering the streets by herself.
【答案】n
【详解】考查介词。句意：在一个寒冷的夜晚，当他骑着自行车回家时，他遇到了一个看起来悲伤的老妇人独自在街上游荡。表示“在具体的某一天”或“（在具体的某一天的）早上、中午、晚上”等，须用介词n。故填n。
二、形容词、副词
【2023年】
1.（2023年新高考I卷）Xia lng ba(sup dumplings), thse amazing cnstructins f delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing ht, ________(taste) sup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favrite Chinese street fd.
【答案】tasty
【详解】考查形容词。句意：小笼包，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤汁和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。空格处需要形容词修饰后面的名词sup，故填tasty。
2.（2023年新高考I卷）N matter where I buy them, ne steamer is _______(rare) enugh, yet tw seems greedy, s I am always left wanting mre next time.
【答案】rarely
【详解】考查副词。副词rarely（几乎不 ）修饰后面的形容词 enugh足够的, rarely enugh 几乎不够。
3.（2023年新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right befre the arrival f the tw new pandas, Meng Meng and Jia Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the z t feel mre cmfrtable and ________ (cnfidence) speaking English.
【答案】cnfident
【详解】考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的cmfrtable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，cnfidence的形容词形式是cnfident。故填cnfident。
4.（2023年新高考II卷）S, what are they learning? ________ (basic), hw t describe a panda’s life.
【答案】Basically
【详解】考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。
5.（2023年浙江卷1月）The term “hutng”, (riginal)meaning “water well” in Mnglian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
【答案】riginally
【详解】考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填riginally。
6.（2023年浙江卷1月）The hutngs they frmed were rderly, lined by 61 (space)hmes and walled gardens.
【答案】spacius
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词hmes。故填spacius。
【2022年】
1.（2022年新高考I卷）The GPNP’s main gal is t imprve cnnectivity between separate ppulatins and hmes f giant pandas, and _________ (eventual)achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.（所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】eventually
【详解】考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子结构可知空处应填副词形式作状语，修饰空后动词achieve，形容词eventual的副词为eventually，故填eventually。
2.（2022年新高考II卷） They bth fell _________ (sleep) while watching TV.
【答案】asleep
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。
3.（2022年新高考II卷）When he lked dwn, he ________ (accidental ) slipped and fell ver the edge.
【答案】accidentally
【详解】考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。
4.(2022年浙江卷1月)On a website called N Fly Climate Sci, fr example, __________(rugh) 200 academics - many f them climate scientists have prmised t fly as little as pssible since the effrt started tw years ag.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】rughly
【详解】考查副词。句意：例如，在一个名为“无飞行气候科学”的网站上，大约200名学者——其中许多是气候科学家——自两年前开始这项努力以来已经承诺将尽可能少地飞行。分析句子结构可知空处应填副词形式修饰数词，表示数量的精确程度，相当于abut，此时的rughly意为“粗略地；大约”，似的还有exactly、nearly、apprximately，etc.，故填rughly。
5.(2022年北京卷) That’s a big prblem and it is getting even ________ (bad).
【答案】wrse
【详解】考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用wrse，故填wrse。
6.（2022年浙江卷6月）Blind peple recgnize shapes with their ________ (exist) senses, in a way similar t that f ________ (sight )peple, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
【答案】40.existing 41.sighted
【详解】
40.考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing作定语，修饰sense。故填existing。
41.考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted作定语修饰名词peple，表示“能看见的、不盲的”。故填sighted。
7.（2022年天津卷）The experienced climber was________ the ptential danger in such extreme weather and decided t wait until the fllwing day.
A.cmpletely blind t
B.ttally lst in
C.pretty keen n
D.well aware f
【答案】D
【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：有经验的登山者充分意识到在这样极端天气下存在的潜在风险，决定等到第二天。A.cmpletely blind t 完全不了解；B.ttally lst in完全迷失于；C.pretty keen n非常喜欢；
【2021年】
1.（2021年新高考1卷）The ht spring at the ft f the muntain is smething yu must try after the climb.It will ___ (undubted) help yu get refreshed!
【答案】undubtedly
【详解】考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格所填词应该修饰动词help，故应用副词形式。Undubted 变副词，直接在词尾加ly。故填undubtedly。
2.（2021年新高考1卷）But that's hw nature is—always leaving us ___ (astnish).
【答案】 astnished
【详解】考查非谓语动词。此句中含有 "leave sb./sth.+ adj." 结构，表示 "使……处于某种状态" 。因为宾语us与动词astnish为被动关系，此处应该过去分词形容词astnished作宾语补足语，说明人的感受，意为 "感到吃惊的"。故填astnished。
3.（2021年新高考II卷）I tld him hw ________(harm) plastic culd be t the envirnment and asked him t cnsider using mre ec-friendly ptins.
【答案】harmful
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为hw引导的感叹句，hw之后接形容词，所以填harmful。
4.（2021年新高考II卷） I was s________(excite) when he wrte back t me.He said he wuld make sure that the cmpany cut its use f plastic straws in half.
【答案】 excited
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。
5.（2021年浙江卷）When the huse was built, it was much ___ (small) than it is tday.
【答案】smaller
【详解】考查形容词的比较级，句中有than这个提示词，much修饰比较级。句意：当房子建好时，它比现在要小得多。
6.（2021年浙江卷）But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural peple in many cuntries had narrwed ___ (sharp).
【答案】sharply
【详解】考查副词。句意：30年后，很多国家的BMI数值的城乡差异急剧下降。根据句子结构可知the BMI difference… had narrwed (sharp).修饰动词narrw要用副词，故答案为 sharply。
7.（2021年1月浙江卷）This may be due t sme disadvantages fr peple living in the cuntryside, including ___ (lw) levels f incme and educatin, higher csts f healthy fds, and fewer sprts facilities.
【答案】lwer
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：乡下的人条件差一些，包括更低的收入和教育水平，更高的健康食物花销和更少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知levels f incme and educatin与higher csts f healthy fds, and fewer sprts facilities.是并列关系，前后结构要一致由higher和fewer可知lw要用形容词比较级，故答案为lwer。
8.（2021年天津卷单选）As wrking frm hme becmes ___ cmmn, peple are finding it easier t cmbine parenthd with a full-time career.
A.increasingly B.equally C.nervusly D.cnfusingly
【答案】A
【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：随着在家工作变得越来越普遍，人们发现把为人父母和全职工作结合起来变得更容易了。A.increasingly越来越多地、不断增加地；B.equally同样地；C.nervusly紧张地；D.cnfusingly令人困惑地。根据句意可知，本空应填increasingly。故选：A。
9.（2021年天津卷单选）While rck-climbing, yu need t remain very s that yu wn't make any dangerus errrs.
A.satisfied B.fcused C.amused D.delighted
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：攀岩的时候，你需要保持专注，这样你就不会犯任何危险的错误。A.satisfied满意的；B.fcused集中的；C.amused有趣的；D.delighted高兴的。根据句意可知，本空应填fcused。故选：B。
10.(2021年北京卷)Sam walked her t a nearby cnvenience stre s that she culd ________（safe） wait fr the plice t take her hme.
【答案】safely
【详解】考查副词。句意：山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店，这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回家了。修饰动词wait用副词作状语，故填safely。
三、冠词与名词
【2023年】
1.（2023年新高考I卷） The meat shuld be fresh with ______ tuch f sweetness and the sup ht, clear and delicius.
【答案】a
【详解】考查冠词。a tuch f sweetness 一点点甜；一丝甜。句意：肉应该新鲜，带着一丝甜味，汤汁热、清澈且美味。
2.（2023年新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right befre the ________ (arrive) f the tw new pandas, Meng Meng and Jia Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the z t feel mre cmfrtable and cnfident speaking English.
【答案】 arrival
【详解】考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词befre的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。
3.（2023年新高考II卷）Nt the pandas, even thugh ________ language used fr the medical training instructins is actually English.
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
4.（2023年新高考II卷）They als need t be ready t give ________ (interview) in English with internatinal jurnalists.
【答案】interviews
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填interviews。
5.（2023年浙江卷1月）In cntrast t the curt life and upper-class culture represented by the Frbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple f Heaven, the hutngs reflect culture f grassrts Beijingers.
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语f grassrts Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概念，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
6.（2023年浙江卷1月）Thanks t Beijing’s lng histry as capital f China, almst every hutng has its stries, and sme are even assciated with histric (event).
【答案】events
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据空格前的形容词histric可知，空格处需要填名词，且event为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填events。
【2022年】
1.（2022年新高考I卷）Cvering an area abut three times ________ size f Yellwstne Natinal Park, the GPNP will be ne f the first natinal parks in the cuntry.（用适当的词填空）
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词、倍数表达法。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。倍数表达法之一是：倍数+ the size f +比较成份。故填the。
2.（2022年浙江 1月）Cbb, fr her party, started t ask cnference rganizers wh invited her t speak if she culd d s remtely; abut three-quarters f ________ time, they agreed.（用适当的词填空）
【答案】the
【详解】考查冠词。句意：Cbb代表她所在的政党，开始向邀请她演讲的会议组织者询问，她是否可以远程演讲；大约四分之三的情况下，他们表示同意。此处特指上文所提到的Cbb询问的时间范围内，名词time应用定冠词限定。故填the。
3.（2022年新高考1卷）The GPNP’s main gal is t imprve cnnectivity between separate ________ (ppulatin) and hmes f giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】ppulatins
【详解】考查名词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善大熊猫不同种群和栖息地之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和and后的复数名词hmes并列，ppulatin应用其复数形式表示泛指，作宾语。故填ppulatins。
4.（2022年天津卷）When peple are depressed, sme experience a lss f________ while thers can’t stp eating.
A.appetite
B.pwer
C.memry
D.sight
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当人们郁闷时，有些人会失去食欲，而有些人却忍不住暴饮暴食。A.appetite食欲；B.pwer权利；C.memry记忆；D.sight视力。结合后文while thers can’t stp eating表示对比，可知，前文表意与暴饮暴食相反，即毫无食欲。A项符合句意。故选A项。
5.（2022年浙江卷6月）Jhn Olsn, a frmer ________ (phtgraph)and his team turn paintings int fully textured 3D mdels.
【答案】phtgrapher
【解析】考查名词。句意：约翰·奥尔森是一位前摄影师，他和他的团队将绘画转化为全纹理3D模型。单数名词做主语，根据句意表示“摄影师”，此处为单数概念，故填phtgrapher。
6.（2022年浙江卷6月）The tactile(可触知的)paintings wrk as a way t shw art t ________ blind because we dn’t see with just Our eyes: We see with ur brains.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式，因为我们不仅仅用眼睛看；我们用大脑看。the blind“盲人”，the+形容词表示一类人。故填the。
7.（2022年浙江卷6月）Fr Luc, this means ________ (independent).
【答案】independence
【解析】考查名词。句意：对卢克来说，这意味着独立。不可数名词independence作mean的宾语。故填independence。
【2021年】
1.（2021年新高考I卷）While yu’re in China, Munt Huangshan is ________ must t visit! (用适当的词填空)
【答案】a
【详解】考查冠词。句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。
2.（2021年全国I卷）The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we ______ (human) are.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】humans
【详解】考查名词复数。句意：当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海，你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。human是we的同位语，we为复数，应用human的复数形式。故填humans。
【答案】Activities
【详解】考查名词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿，目的是对自然环境影响达到很小。根据句意和谓语动词range（动词原形）可知，此处应用可数名词activity的复数形式作主语。句首字母大写，故填Activities。
3.（2021年浙江卷1月 )It is calculated by dividing a ______ (persn) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI f between 19 and 25 is cnsidered healthy.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】persn’s
【详解】考查名词所有格。句意：计算方法是将一个人的体重(kg)除以身高(m)的平方，体重指数在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析可知，此空后接名词，是所属关系，所以此处填persn的所有格形式persn’s，表示“一个人的”，故填persn’s。
4.（2021年浙江卷 )________ Linclns enlarged the huse t a full tw stries in 1856 t meet the needs f their grwing family.（用适当的词填空）
【答案】The
【详解】考查冠词。句意：1856年，林肯一家将这栋房子扩大到整整两层，以满足他们日益壮大的家庭的需要。根据后文Linclns可知，此处为“the+姓氏复数”，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人，故此处用定冠词the+Linclns，表示“林肯一家”。句首字母大写，故填The。
5.(2021年浙江卷 )In 1844 they bught it fr $1,200 and sme land frm Charles Dresser, wh perfrmed their ________（marry）ceremny in 1842.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】marriage
【详解】考察名词。句意：1844年，他们花了1200美元，从查尔斯·德莱瑟那里买了一些土地，德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前their及句意可知，此处要用名词marriage作ceremny的定语，表示“结婚仪式，结婚典礼”。故填marriage。
6.(2021年天津卷)Great imprvements in public health have been brught abut by ________ in medical science.
A.traditins B.advances C.pressures D.examples
【答案】B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：医学的进步带来了公共健康的巨大改善。A.traditins传统；B.advances前进，进步；C.pressures压力；D.examples例子。根据上文“Great imprvements in public health have been brught abut”可知，公共健康的巨大改善是由医学的进步带来的，advances符合语境。故选B。
7.（2021年北京卷）Scientists aren't cmpletely sure,and they have diverse________(idea).
【答案】ideas
【详解】考查可数名词的数。句意：科学家们还不能完全确定，他们有不同的想法。diverse“不同的，多种多样的”，形容词作定语，后接可数名词复数；idea想法，可数名词。故填ideas。
四、动词和动词短语
【2023年】
1.（2023年新高考I卷完形填空）As reprted by a lcal newspaper, Bailey was mre than tw-thirds f the way thrugh her race when a runner in frnt f her began crying in pain.She ____25____ t help her fellw runner, Danielle Lenue.
B.returned C.stpped D.prmised
【答案】C
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenue。A.agreed同意；B.returned回来；C.stpped停止；D.prmised答应。根据下文“t help her fellw runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenue。故选C。
2.（2023年新高考II卷）As a little girl, I ________ (wish) t be a zkeeper when I grew up.Nw, I’m living ut that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers d their jb in English.
【答案】wished
【详解】考查动词。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。
3.（新高考II卷完形填空）It just ___44___ that I was planning anther PNP flight with anther pilt, Karen, wh ___45___ t take Tiffy frm Kansas City t Virginia.What I was t d was fly t Tpeka t ___46___ Tiffy.
B.prved C.happened D.shwed
B.ffered C.hurried D.failed
ff B.lk fr C.hand ver D.pick up
【答案】44.C 45.B 46.D
【详解】
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A.appeared出现；B.prved证明；C.happened碰巧；D.shwed展示。根据“I was planning anther PNP flight with anther pilt, Karen,”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A.waited等待；B.ffered提供、主动提出；C.hurried匆忙；D.failed失败。根据“t take Tiffy frm Kansas City t Virginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A.see ff为……送行；B.lk fr寻找；C.hand ver移交；D.pick up接载。根据“What I was t d was fly t Tpeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。
4.（2023年浙江卷1月完形填空）
I 44 beekeeper Ziyad ver a wide stretch f grassland befre entering a thick jungle.Ziyad began preparatins.He 45 handfuls f damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 46 the bunch t create a trch(火把).Then, with ne end f a rpe tied t his waist and the ther end arund the trunk f a tree, Ziyad began 47 .He stpped every few minutes t mve the rpe higher up the tree trunk.
B.recgnised C.fllwed D.invited
B.cleaned C.drpped D.checked
B.lit C.measured D.decrated
B.talking C.testing D.climbing
【答案】45.A 46.B 47.D
【解析】45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A.gathered聚集、采集；B.cleaned清除；C.drpped掉落；D.checked检查。根据下文“handfuls f damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。
46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A.shk摇晃；B.lit点燃；点亮；C.measured测量；D.decrated装饰。根据后文“t create a trch”可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。
47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A.jumping跳；B.talking谈话；C.testing测试；D.climbing攀爬。根据“higher up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。
【2022年】
1.(2022年新高考1卷完形填空) Anther time, we rented a bat in Vallecit Lake.The sky was clear when we ___41___, but strms mve in fast in the muntains, and this ne quickly ___42___ ur peaceful mrning trip.
up B.calmed dwn C.checked ut D.headed ff
B.interrupted C.cmpleted D.recrded
【答案】41.D 42.B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去Vallecit湖时，天气突然变化，旅行被迫中断了。
41.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A.signed up注册,报名；B.calmed dwn冷静下来；C.checked ut退房,结账离开；D.headed ff启程,出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but strms mve in fast in the muntains”可推知，此处指天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D。
42.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A.arranged安排；B.interrupted中断；C.cmpleted完成；D.recrded记录。根据上文“strms mve in fast in the muntains, and this ne quickly”以及下文“ur peaceful mrning trips”可推知，此处指风暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B。
2.(2022年新高考II卷) Over the past 38 years, Mr.Wang has pretended t be smene else many times,and has even learned t ____41____ different dialects（方言），leading t him being described as an “Oscar-winning actr".
B.cmpare C.assess D.speak
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的38年里，王先生多次假扮别人，甚至学会了说不同的方言，这让他被称为“奥斯卡获奖演员”。A.teach 教授；B.cmpare 比较；C.assess评估； D.speak讲话。根据“Mr.Wang has pretended t be smene else many times”可知，能扮成别人，还会讲不同的方言。故填D。
3.(2022年新高考II卷) In the 1990s, a grup f thieves ften sld stlen gds with the help f sme beggars.T lk int the _44.case__，Wang disguised（伪装）himself and ____45____ the beggars.
B.jined C.arrested D.assisted
【答案】B
【解析】考考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了调查这个案子,王伪装自己并加入了乞丐中。A.interviewed采访； B.jined 加入；C.arrested 逮捕；D.assisted协助。根据“T lk int the”可知，他混入乞丐中。故填B。
4.(2022年1月浙江卷)“I was simply_________a terrible experience,” Ms.Burdeyney said at her hme in Trnt.
A.getting ver B.ging thrugh C.hlding n D.passing dwn
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我只是经历了一段可怕的经历，”伯德尼女士在多伦多的家中说。A.getting ver克服；B.ging thrugh 经历；C.hlding n等一下； D.passing dwn传下去。根据下文 a terrible experience可知，此处应选“经历”。故选B。
5.（2022年天津卷）If we cntinue t________ envirnmental prblems, we will regret it sner r later.
A.highlight B.identify C.ignre D.prevent
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们继续忽视环境问题，我们迟早会后悔的。A.highlight突出；强调；B.identify辨认；识别；C.ignre忽视；D.prevent阻止。由句意可知对于环境问题我们迟早会后悔，而这一切都是因为我们对环境问题的忽视。故选C项。
6.（2022年浙江卷6月完形填空）It is smething that every manager shuld wrk hard t _________ amng their team.
A.assess B.rganize C.develp D.understand
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。A.assess评估；B.rganize组织；C.develp发展，培养；D.understand理解。根据常识可知，信任需要培养。故选C项。
7.（2022年浙江卷6月完形填空）Fr example teaching Jacky t swim means he has t __________ that, when he’s swimming in the big pl, I’ll cme t his rescue if his dggy paddle lets him dwn.
B.believe C.suggest D.imagine
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。A.admit承认；B.believe相信；C.suggest建议；D.imagine想象。根据上文“because he trusts me”可知，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，作者能去救他。这是父子信任的一个很好的例子。故选B项。
【2021年】
1.（2021年新高考I卷完形填空）I’d ____45____ minimum wage.I’d see hw a factry____46____.My parents thught all f this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their _47.permissin_.
B.earn C.set D.suggest
B.clsed C.develped D.survived
【答案】45.B 46.A
【详解】
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挣的是最低工资。A.ffer提供；B.earn挣得； C.set放置；D.suggest建议。根据“minimum wage”可知我挣的是最低工资。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想看看工厂是如何运作的。A.wrked运作；B.clsed关闭；C.develped发展；D.survived幸存。根据“I'd see hw a factry”可知这里意思是我想看看工厂是如何运作的。故选A。
2.(2021年天津卷) Henry David Threau was happy t ________ frm scial life, seeking a harmnius relatinship with nature in the quietness f his life.
A.judge B.differ C.withdraw D.benefit
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：亨利·大卫·梭罗乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系。A.judge判断；B.differ不同；C.withdraw抽身，撤退；D.benefit有益于。根据后文“seeking a harmnius relatinship with nature in the quietness f his life”可知Henry David Threau在平静的生活中寻求与自然的和谐关系，所以他乐于从社交生活中抽身出来，withdraw frm“离开”。故选C。
3.(2021年6月浙江卷)At this stre, peple ________ and then g ff t the side t bag their wn grceries.My mther was putting her grceries int shpping bags when a stranger came up her and said.
A.shw up B.call in C.check ut D.sit dwn
【答案】C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这家商店，人们结账后会到旁边去装他们自己的杂货。我的母亲正在把她的杂货放进购物袋时，一个陌生人走过来对她说。A.shw up出现；B.call in召来，拜访；C.check ut结账离开；D.sit dwn坐下。根据“then g ff t the side t bag their wn grceries.My mther was putting her grceries int shpping bags” 可知，此处是“人们结账后会到旁边去装他们自己的杂货”。故选C。
4.(2021年6新高考1卷完形填空)________ a bit and the cakes pile up.As I tld my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little mre high-pressure than I’d expected.
A.Calm dwn B.Slw dwn C.Stay n D.Mve n
【答案】B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：稍微慢一点，蛋糕就堆积如山。就像我在第一晚的晚餐上告诉父母的那样，压力比我预想的要大一些。A.Calm dwn冷静下来；B.Slw dwn慢下来；C.Stay n继续停留；D.Mve n继续前进。根据语境可知，这里指的是如果做工时手脚不够快，蛋糕就会堆起来。故选B。
5.(2021年天津卷) With that thught in mind, Pruitt ________ a plan and psted it n the cmmunity website.
A.came up with B.stuck t C.gave up D.brke away frm
【答案】A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：带着这个想法，Pruitt想出了一个计划，并把它发布在了社区网站上。A.cme up with提出；B.stick t坚持；C.give up放弃；D.break away frm突然逃跑。根据后文“a plan and psted it n the cmmunity website” 指想出了一个计划，cme up with符合语境。故选A。
6.(2021年浙江卷1月语法填空) It is calculated by dividing a persn’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared.and a BMI f between 19 and 25 ________ (cnsider) healthy.
【答案】is cnsidered
【详解】考查动词被动语态。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（a BMI）是单数，时态是一般现在时，且主语和cnsider是表被动关系，故填is cnsidered。